TI LM2664M6/NOPB Lm2664 switched capacitor voltage converter Datasheet

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LM2664
SNVS005E – NOVEMBER 1999 – REVISED DECEMBER 2014
LM2664 Switched Capacitor Voltage Converter
1 Features
3 Description
•
•
•
•
•
The LM2664 CMOS charge-pump voltage converter
inverts a positive voltage in the range of 1.8 V to 5.5
V to the corresponding negative voltage of −1.8 V to
−5.5 V. The device uses two low-cost capacitors to
provide up to 40 mA of output current.
1
Inverts Input Supply Voltage
6-Pin SOT-23 Package
12-Ω Typical Output Impedance
91% Typical Conversion Efficiency at 40 mA
1-µA Typical Shutdown Current
2 Applications
•
•
•
•
•
•
Cellular Phones
Pagers
PDAs
Operational Amplifier Power Suppliers
Interface Power Suppliers
Handheld Instruments
The LM2664 operates at 160-kHz oscillator frequency
to reduce output resistance and voltage ripple. With
an operating current of only 220 µA (operating
efficiency greater than 91% with most loads) and 1µA typical shutdown current, the LM2664 provides
ideal performance for battery-powered systems.
Device Information(1)
PART NUMBER
LM2664
PACKAGE
BODY SIZE (NOM)
SOT-23 (6)
2.90 mm x 1.60 mm
(1) For all available packages, see the orderable addendum at
the end of the datasheet.
space
space
space
Voltage Inverter
5 V to −10 V Converter
1
An IMPORTANT NOTICE at the end of this data sheet addresses availability, warranty, changes, use in safety-critical applications,
intellectual property matters and other important disclaimers. PRODUCTION DATA.
LM2664
SNVS005E – NOVEMBER 1999 – REVISED DECEMBER 2014
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Table of Contents
1
2
3
4
5
6
Features ..................................................................
Applications ...........................................................
Description .............................................................
Revision History.....................................................
Pin Configuration and Functions .........................
Specifications.........................................................
1
1
1
2
3
4
6.1
6.2
6.3
6.4
6.5
6.6
4
4
4
4
5
6
Absolute Maximum Ratings ......................................
Handling Ratings.......................................................
Recommended Operating Conditions.......................
Thermal Information ..................................................
Electrical Characteristics...........................................
Typical Characteristics .............................................
7
Parameter Measurement Information .................. 7
8
Detailed Description .............................................. 8
7.1 Test Circuit ................................................................ 7
8.1 Overview ................................................................... 8
8.2 Functional Block Diagram ......................................... 8
8.3 Feature Description................................................... 8
8.4 Device Functional Modes.......................................... 8
9
Application and Implementation .......................... 9
9.1 Application Information.............................................. 9
9.2 Typical Application - Voltage Inverter ....................... 9
10 Power Supply Recommendations ..................... 13
11 Layout................................................................... 13
11.1 Layout Guidelines ................................................. 13
11.2 Layout Example .................................................... 13
12 Device and Documentation Support ................. 14
12.1
12.2
12.3
12.4
Device Support......................................................
Trademarks ...........................................................
Electrostatic Discharge Caution ............................
Glossary ................................................................
14
14
14
14
13 Mechanical, Packaging, and Orderable
Information ........................................................... 14
4 Revision History
NOTE: Page numbers for previous revisions may differ from page numbers in the current version.
Changes from Revision D (May 2013) to Revision E
•
Added Pin Configuration and Functions section, Handling Rating table, Feature Description section, Device
Functional Modes, Application and Implementation section, Power Supply Recommendations section, Layout
section, Device and Documentation Support section, and Mechanical, Packaging, and Orderable Information
section ................................................................................................................................................................................... 1
Changes from Revision C (May 2013) to Revision D
•
2
Page
Page
Changed layout of National Data Sheet to TI format ........................................................................................................... 11
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5 Pin Configuration and Functions
SOT-23 (DBV)
6 Pins
Top View
1
6
2
5
3
4
Pin Functions
PIN
TYPE
DESCRIPTION
NUMBER
NAME
1
GND
Ground
Power supply ground input.
2
OUT
Power
Negative voltage output.
3
CAP−
Power
Connect this pin to the negative terminal of the charge-pump capacitor.
4
SD
Input
Shutdown control pin, tie this pin to V+ in normal operation, and to GND for shutdown.
5
V+
Power
Power supply positive voltage input.
6
CAP+
Power
Connect this pin to the positive terminal of the charge-pump capacitor.
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6 Specifications
6.1 Absolute Maximum Ratings
over operating free-air temperature range (unless otherwise noted)
(1) (2)
MIN
MAX
UNIT
5.8
V
Supply voltage (V+ to GND, or GND to OUT)
(GND − 0.3)
SD
(V+ + 0.3)
V
50
mA
1
sec.
V+ and OUT continuous output current
Output short-circuit duration to GND (3)
Continuous power dissipation (TA = 25°C)
(4)
600
mW
TJMax (4)
150
°C
Lead temp. (soldering, 10 seconds)
300
°C
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
Stresses beyond those listed under Absolute Maximum Ratings may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings
only, which do not imply functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated under Recommended
Operating Conditions. Exposure to absolute-maximum-rated conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.
If Military/Aerospace specified devices are required, please contact the Texas Instruments Sales Office/Distributors for availability and
specifications.
OUT may be shorted to GND for one second without damage. However, shorting OUT to V+ may damage the device and should be
avoided. Also, for temperatures above 85°C, OUT must not be shorted to GND or V+, or device may be damaged.
The maximum allowable power dissipation is calculated by using PDMax = (TJMax − TA)/RθJA, where TJMax is the maximum junction
temperature, TA is the ambient temperature, and RθJA is the junction-to-ambient thermal resistance of the specified package.
6.2 Handling Ratings
MIN
Tstg
Storage temperature range
V(ESD)
Electrostatic
discharge
(1)
–65
Human body model (HBM), per ANSI/ESDA/JEDEC JS-001, all
pins (1)
MAX
UNIT
150
°C
2000
V
JEDEC document JEP155 states that 500-V HBM allows safe manufacturing with a standard ESD control process.
6.3 Recommended Operating Conditions
over operating free-air temperature range (unless otherwise noted)
MIN
Operating junction temperature
NOM
–40
MAX
85
UNIT
°C
6.4 Thermal Information
LM2664
THERMAL METRIC
(1)
DBV
UNIT
6 PINS
RθJA
(1)
4
Junction-to-ambient thermal resistance
210
°C/W
For more information about traditional and new thermal metrics, see the IC Package Thermal Metrics application report, SPRA953.
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6.5 Electrical Characteristics
MIN and MAX limits apply over the full operating temperature range. Unless otherwise specified: TJ = 25°C, V+ = 5 V, C1 = C2
= 3.3 μF. (1)
PARAMETER
V+
Supply voltage
IQ
Supply current
ISD
Shutdown supply current
VSD
Shutdown pin input voltage
TEST CONDITIONS
MIN (2)
TYP (3)
1.8
No load
220
MAX (2)
V
500
µA
1
Normal operation
µA
2 (4)
0.8 (5)
Shutdown mode
UNIT
5.5
40
V
IL
Output current
RSW
Sum of the Rds(on)of the four internal
MOSFET switches
IL = 40 mA
ROUT
Output resistance (6)
IL = 40 mA
fOSC
Oscillator frequency
See (7)
80
160
kHz
fSW
Switching frequency
See (7)
40
80
kHz
PEFF
Power efficiency
RL (1 k) between GND and OUT
90%
94%
99%
99.96%
IL = 40 mA to GND
VOEFF
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
Voltage conversion efficiency
No load
mA
4
8
12
25
Ω
Ω
91%
In the test circuit, capacitors C1 and C2 are 3.3-µF, 0.3-Ω maximum ESR capacitors. Capacitors with higher ESR will increase output
resistance, reduce output voltage and efficiency.
Min. and Max. limits are ensured by design, test, or statistical analysis.
Typical numbers are not ensured but represent the most likely norm.
The minimum input high for the shutdown pin equals 40% of V+.
The maximum input low for the shutdown pin equals 20% of V+.
Specified output resistance includes internal switch resistance and capacitor ESR. See the details in Application and Implementation for
simple negative voltage converter.
The output switches operate at one half of the oscillator frequency, ƒOSC = 2ƒSW.
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6.6 Typical Characteristics
(Circuit of Figure 9 V+ = 5 V unless otherwise specified)
6
Figure 1. Supply Current vs Supply Voltage
Figure 2. Supply Current vs Temperature
Figure 3. Output Source Resistance vs Supply Voltage
Figure 4. Output Source Resistance vs Temperature
Figure 5. Output Voltage Drop vs Load Current
Figure 6. Oscillator Frequency vs Supply Voltage
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Typical Characteristics (continued)
(Circuit of Figure 9 V+ = 5 V unless otherwise specified)
Figure 7. Oscillator Frequency vs Temperature
Figure 8. Shutdown Supply Current vs Temperature
7 Parameter Measurement Information
7.1 Test Circuit
*C1 and C2 are 3.3 µF, SC series OS-CON capacitors.
Figure 9. LM2664 Test Circuit
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8 Detailed Description
8.1 Overview
The LM2664 CMOS charge-pump voltage converter inverts a positive voltage in the range of 1.8 V to 5.5 V to
the corresponding negative voltage of −1.8 V to −5.5 V. The LM2664 uses two low-cost capacitors to provide up
to 40 mA of output current.
8.2 Functional Block Diagram
LM2664
V+
SD
OUT
OSCILLATOR
CAP+
Switch Array
Switch Drivers
CAPGND
8.3 Feature Description
The LM2664 contains four large CMOS switches which are switched in a sequence to invert the input supply
voltage. Energy transfer and storage are provided by external capacitors. Figure 10 illustrates the voltage
conversion scheme. When S1 and S3 are closed, C1 charges to the supply voltage V+. During this time interval,
switches S2 and S4 are open. In the second time interval, S1 and S3 are open; at the same time, S2 and S4 are
closed, C1 is charging C2. After a number of cycles, the voltage across C2 will be pumped to V+. Since the anode
of C2 is connected to ground, the output at the cathode of C2 equals −(V+) when there is no load current. The
output voltage drop when a load is added is determined by the parasitic resistance (Rds(on) of the MOSFET
switches and the ESR of the capacitors) and the charge transfer loss between capacitors. Details will be
discussed in the following application information section.
Figure 10. Voltage Inverting Principle
8.4 Device Functional Modes
8.4.1 Shutdown Mode
A shutdown (SD) pin is available to disable the device and reduce the quiescent current to 1 µA. Applying a
voltage less than 20% of V+ to the SD pin will bring the device into shutdown mode. While in normal operating
mode, the pin is connected to V+.
8
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9 Application and Implementation
NOTE
Information in the following applications sections is not part of the TI component
specification, and TI does not warrant its accuracy or completeness. TI’s customers are
responsible for determining suitability of components for their purposes. Customers should
validate and test their design implementation to confirm system functionality.
9.1 Application Information
The LM2664 CMOS charge-pump voltage converter inverts a positive voltage in the range of 1.8 V to 5.5 V to
the corresponding negative voltage of −1.8 V to −5.5 V. The LM2664 uses two low cost capacitors to provide up
to 40 mA of output current. The LM2664 operates at 160-kHz oscillator frequency to reduce output resistance
and voltage ripple. With an operating current of only 220 µA (operating efficiency greater than 91% with most
loads) and 1 µA typical shutdown current, the LM2664 provides ideal performance for battery powered systems.
9.2 Typical Application - Voltage Inverter
Figure 11. Voltage Inverter
9.2.1 Design Requirements
Example requirements for typical voltage inverter applications:
DESIGN PARAMETER
EXAMPLE VALUE
Input voltage range
1.8 V to 5.5 V
Output current
0 mA to 40 mA
Boost switching frequency
80 kHz
9.2.2 Detailed Design Requirements
The main application of LM2664 is to generate a negative supply voltage. The voltage inverter circuit uses only
two external capacitors as shown in Voltage Inverter and 5 V to −10 V Converter. The range of the input supply
voltage is 1.8 V to 5.5 V.
The output characteristics of this circuit can be approximated by an ideal voltage source in series with a
resistance. The voltage source equals −(V+). The output resistance ROUT is a function of the ON resistance of the
internal MOSFET switches, the oscillator frequency, the capacitance and equivalent series resistance (ESR) of
C1 and C2. Since the switching current charging and discharging C1 is approximately twice as the output current,
the effect of the ESR of the pumping capacitor C1 will be multiplied by four in the output resistance. The output
capacitor C2 is charging and discharging at a current approximately equal to the output current, therefore, its
ESR only counts once in the output resistance. A good approximation of ROUT is:
where
•
RSW is the sum of the ON resistance of the internal MOSFET switches shown in Figure 10.
(1)
High capacitance, low ESR capacitors will reduce the output resistance.
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The peak-to-peak output voltage ripple is determined by the oscillator frequency, the capacitance and ESR of the
output capacitor C2:
(2)
Again, using a low ESR capacitor will result in lower ripple.
9.2.2.1 Paralleling Devices
Any number of LM2664s can be paralleled to reduce the output resistance. Each device must have its own
pumping capacitor C1, while only one output capacitor COUT is needed as shown in Figure 12. The composite
output resistance is:
(3)
Figure 12. Lowering Output Resistance by Paralleling Devices
9.2.2.2 Cascading Devices
Cascading the LM2664 devices is an easy way to produce a greater negative voltage (a two-stage cascade
circuit is shown in Figure 13).
If n is the integer representing the number of devices cascaded, the unloaded output voltage Vout is (-nVin). The
effective output resistance is equal to the weighted sum of each individual device:
ROUT = nRout_1 + n/2 ROUT_2 + ... + ROUT_n
(4)
NOTE
The number of n is practically limited since the increasing of n significantly reduces the
efficiency, and increases the output resistance and output voltage ripple.
10
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Figure 13. Increasing Output Voltage by Cascading Devices
9.2.2.3 Combined Doubler and Inverter
In Figure 14, the LM2664 is used to provide a positive voltage doubler and a negative voltage converter. Note
that the total current drawn from the two outputs should not exceed 50 mA.
Figure 14. Combined Voltage Doubler and Inverter
9.2.2.4 Regulating VOUT
It is possible to regulate the negative output of the LM2664 by use of a low dropout regulator (such as LP2980).
The whole converter is depicted in Figure 15. This converter can give a regulated output from −1.8 V to −5.5 V
by choosing the proper resistor ratio:
VOUT = Vref (1 + R1/R2)
where, Vref = 1.23 V
(5)
(6)
Note that the following conditions must be satisfied simultaneously for worst case design:
Vin_min > Vout_min + Vdrop_max (LP2980)
+ Iout_max × Rout_max (LM2664)
Vin_max < Vout_max + Vdrop_min (LP2980)
+ Iout_min × Rout_min (LM2664)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
space
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Figure 15. Combining LM2664 with LP2980 to Make a Negative Adjustable Regulator
9.2.2.5 Output Capacitor Selection
As discussed in Detailed Design Requirements, the output resistance and ripple voltage are dependent on the
capacitance and ESR values of the external capacitors. The output voltage drop is the load current times the
output resistance, and the power efficiency is
(11)
Where IQ(V+) is the quiescent power loss of the IC device, and IL2ROUT is the conversion loss associated with the
switch on-resistance, the two external capacitors and their ESRs.
The selection of capacitors is based on the specifications of the dropout voltage (which equals Iout ROUT), the
output voltage ripple, and the converter efficiency. Table 1 lists recommendations to maximize efficiency, reduce
the output voltage drop and voltage ripple.
Table 1. Low ESR Capacitor Manufacturers
MANUFACTURER
CAPACITOR TYPE
Nichicon Corp.
PL & PF series, through-hole aluminum electrolytic
AVX Corp.
TPS series, surface-mount tantalum
Sprague
593D, 594D, 595D series, surface-mount tantalum
Sanyo
OS-CON series, through-hole aluminum electrolytic
Murata
Ceramic chip capacitors
Taiyo Yuden
Ceramic chip capacitors
Tokin
Ceramic chip capacitors
9.2.3 Application Curve
Figure 16. Efficiency vs Load Current
12
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10 Power Supply Recommendations
The LM2664 is designed to operate from as an inverter over an input voltage supply range between 1.8 V and
5.5 V when the LV pin is grounded. This input supply must be well regulated and capable to supply the required
input current. If the input supply is located far from the LM2664 additional bulk capacitance may be required in
addition to the ceramic bypass capacitors.
11 Layout
11.1 Layout Guidelines
The high switching frequency and large switching currents of the LM2664 make the choice of layout important.
The following steps should be used as a reference to ensure the device is stable and maintains proper LED
current regulation across its intended operating voltage and current range
• Place CIN on the top layer (same layer as the LM2664) and as close to the device as possible. Connecting
the input capacitor through short, wide traces to both the V+ and GND pins reduces the inductive voltage
spikes that occur during switching which can corrupt the V+ line
• Place COUT on the top layer (same layer as the LM2664) and as close as possible to the OUT and GND pin.
The returns for both CIN and COUT should come together at one point, as close to the GND pin as possible.
Connecting COUT through short, wide traces reduce the series inductance on the OUT and GND pins that can
corrupt the VOUT and GND lines and cause excessive noise in the device and surrounding circuitry.
• Place C1 on the top layer (same layer as the LM2664) and as close to the device as possible. Connect the
flying capacitor through short, wide traces to both the CAP+ and CAP– pins.
11.2 Layout Example
LM2664
GND
CAP+
OUT
V+
CAP-
SD
Figure 17. LM2664 Layout Example
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12 Device and Documentation Support
12.1 Device Support
12.1.1 Third-Party Products Disclaimer
TI'S PUBLICATION OF INFORMATION REGARDING THIRD-PARTY PRODUCTS OR SERVICES DOES NOT
CONSTITUTE AN ENDORSEMENT REGARDING THE SUITABILITY OF SUCH PRODUCTS OR SERVICES
OR A WARRANTY, REPRESENTATION OR ENDORSEMENT OF SUCH PRODUCTS OR SERVICES, EITHER
ALONE OR IN COMBINATION WITH ANY TI PRODUCT OR SERVICE.
12.2 Trademarks
All trademarks are the property of their respective owners.
12.3 Electrostatic Discharge Caution
These devices have limited built-in ESD protection. The leads should be shorted together or the device placed in conductive foam
during storage or handling to prevent electrostatic damage to the MOS gates.
12.4 Glossary
SLYZ022 — TI Glossary.
This glossary lists and explains terms, acronyms, and definitions.
13 Mechanical, Packaging, and Orderable Information
The following pages include mechanical, packaging, and orderable information. This information is the most
current data available for the designated devices. This data is subject to change without notice and revision of
this document. For browser-based versions of this data sheet, refer to the left-hand navigation.
14
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PACKAGE OPTION ADDENDUM
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11-Nov-2014
PACKAGING INFORMATION
Orderable Device
Status
(1)
Package Type Package Pins Package
Drawing
Qty
Eco Plan
Lead/Ball Finish
MSL Peak Temp
(2)
(6)
(3)
Op Temp (°C)
Device Marking
(4/5)
LM2664M6
NRND
SOT-23
DBV
6
1000
TBD
Call TI
Call TI
-40 to 85
S03A
LM2664M6/NOPB
ACTIVE
SOT-23
DBV
6
1000
Green (RoHS
& no Sb/Br)
CU SN
Level-1-260C-UNLIM
-40 to 85
S03A
LM2664M6X
NRND
SOT-23
DBV
6
3000
TBD
Call TI
Call TI
-40 to 85
S03A
LM2664M6X/NOPB
ACTIVE
SOT-23
DBV
6
3000
Green (RoHS
& no Sb/Br)
CU SN
Level-1-260C-UNLIM
-40 to 85
S03A
(1)
The marketing status values are defined as follows:
ACTIVE: Product device recommended for new designs.
LIFEBUY: TI has announced that the device will be discontinued, and a lifetime-buy period is in effect.
NRND: Not recommended for new designs. Device is in production to support existing customers, but TI does not recommend using this part in a new design.
PREVIEW: Device has been announced but is not in production. Samples may or may not be available.
OBSOLETE: TI has discontinued the production of the device.
(2)
Eco Plan - The planned eco-friendly classification: Pb-Free (RoHS), Pb-Free (RoHS Exempt), or Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) - please check http://www.ti.com/productcontent for the latest availability
information and additional product content details.
TBD: The Pb-Free/Green conversion plan has not been defined.
Pb-Free (RoHS): TI's terms "Lead-Free" or "Pb-Free" mean semiconductor products that are compatible with the current RoHS requirements for all 6 substances, including the requirement that
lead not exceed 0.1% by weight in homogeneous materials. Where designed to be soldered at high temperatures, TI Pb-Free products are suitable for use in specified lead-free processes.
Pb-Free (RoHS Exempt): This component has a RoHS exemption for either 1) lead-based flip-chip solder bumps used between the die and package, or 2) lead-based die adhesive used between
the die and leadframe. The component is otherwise considered Pb-Free (RoHS compatible) as defined above.
Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br): TI defines "Green" to mean Pb-Free (RoHS compatible), and free of Bromine (Br) and Antimony (Sb) based flame retardants (Br or Sb do not exceed 0.1% by weight
in homogeneous material)
(3)
MSL, Peak Temp. - The Moisture Sensitivity Level rating according to the JEDEC industry standard classifications, and peak solder temperature.
(4)
There may be additional marking, which relates to the logo, the lot trace code information, or the environmental category on the device.
(5)
Multiple Device Markings will be inside parentheses. Only one Device Marking contained in parentheses and separated by a "~" will appear on a device. If a line is indented then it is a continuation
of the previous line and the two combined represent the entire Device Marking for that device.
(6)
Lead/Ball Finish - Orderable Devices may have multiple material finish options. Finish options are separated by a vertical ruled line. Lead/Ball Finish values may wrap to two lines if the finish
value exceeds the maximum column width.
Important Information and Disclaimer:The information provided on this page represents TI's knowledge and belief as of the date that it is provided. TI bases its knowledge and belief on information
provided by third parties, and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of such information. Efforts are underway to better integrate information from third parties. TI has taken and
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continues to take reasonable steps to provide representative and accurate information but may not have conducted destructive testing or chemical analysis on incoming materials and chemicals.
TI and TI suppliers consider certain information to be proprietary, and thus CAS numbers and other limited information may not be available for release.
In no event shall TI's liability arising out of such information exceed the total purchase price of the TI part(s) at issue in this document sold by TI to Customer on an annual basis.
Addendum-Page 2
PACKAGE MATERIALS INFORMATION
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11-Nov-2014
TAPE AND REEL INFORMATION
*All dimensions are nominal
Device
Package Package Pins
Type Drawing
SPQ
Reel
Reel
A0
Diameter Width (mm)
(mm) W1 (mm)
B0
(mm)
K0
(mm)
P1
(mm)
LM2664M6
SOT-23
DBV
6
1000
178.0
8.4
LM2664M6/NOPB
SOT-23
DBV
6
1000
178.0
LM2664M6X
SOT-23
DBV
6
3000
178.0
LM2664M6X/NOPB
SOT-23
DBV
6
3000
178.0
3.2
3.2
1.4
4.0
8.0
Q3
8.4
3.2
3.2
1.4
4.0
8.0
Q3
8.4
3.2
3.2
1.4
4.0
8.0
Q3
8.4
3.2
3.2
1.4
4.0
8.0
Q3
Pack Materials-Page 1
W
Pin1
(mm) Quadrant
PACKAGE MATERIALS INFORMATION
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11-Nov-2014
*All dimensions are nominal
Device
Package Type
Package Drawing
Pins
SPQ
Length (mm)
Width (mm)
Height (mm)
LM2664M6
SOT-23
DBV
6
1000
210.0
185.0
35.0
LM2664M6/NOPB
SOT-23
DBV
6
1000
210.0
185.0
35.0
LM2664M6X
SOT-23
DBV
6
3000
210.0
185.0
35.0
LM2664M6X/NOPB
SOT-23
DBV
6
3000
210.0
185.0
35.0
Pack Materials-Page 2
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