MAX30031/MAX30032/ MAX30033/MAX30034 Defibrillation/Surge/ESD Protector General Description The MAX30031–MAX30034 are patent-pending protection devices intended to (with the help of external, energy-rated resistors) absorb repetitive defibrillation and other high-energy pulses to protect sensitive electronic circuitry in ECG and other medical/industrial equipment. The devices can withstand over 100,000 defib pulses without failure. The devices are intended to replace the gas-discharge tubes and transient absorbers in applications where its significant reduction in size is beneficial and its lower, welldefined on-voltage can offer higher degrees of protection to sensitive electronics. The devices use a combination of a rugged integratedcircuit process and high-speed circuitry to ensure very fast turn-on times with trigger voltages low enough to not require secondary clamping circuitry. A low hold current of approximately 175mA ensures protection is maintained for the entire length of the high-energy transient event. The MAX30031–MAX30034 are available in a small, 3mm x 5mm µMAX-8 package and are specified over the 0°C to +70°C temperature range. Benefits and Features ●● Low Leakage Defibrilliation Protection IC Helps ECG Systems ●● Low Capacitance ~ 3pF ●● Low Leakage ~ 20pA at +70°C ●● Fast Turn-On < 2ns ●● Low On-Voltage 3.9V (typ) ●● High Peak Current in Excess of 4A ●● Withstands Over 100k Defibrilliation Pulses Without Failure ●● 0°C to 70°C Temperature Range ●● Small, 3mm X 5mm µMAX® Package Applications ●● ●● ●● ●● ●● AED Units Wearable Medical Clinical Patient Monitoring Industrial Equipment Protection Fixed Broadband Wireless Access Ordering Information appears at end of data sheet. µMAX is a registered trademark of Maxim Integrated Products, Inc. Typical Application Circuit RLIMIT RSEC V+ + RLIMIT RSEC - 19-8491; Rev 0; 3/16 MAX30031/MAX30032/ MAX30033/MAX30034 Defibrillation/Surge/ESD Protector Absolute Maximum Ratings Peak Energy per Event....................................................... 40mJ Continuous (> 1s) Current into Any Pin............................±50mA Junction Temperature TJMAX............................................. 150°C Continuous Power Dissipation (at TA = 70°C) ................953mW Operating Temperature Range..................................0°C to 70°C Storage Temperature Range............................. -40°C to +150°C Reflow Soldering Peak Temperature (Pb-free)................. 260°C Stresses beyond those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specifications is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. Package Thermal Characteristics (Note 1) µMAX Junction-to-Ambient Thermal Resistance (θJA).........206°C/W Junction-to-Case Thermal Resistance (θJC)..................8°C/W Note 1: Package thermal resistances were obtained using the method described in JEDEC specification JESD51-7, using a four-layer board. For detailed information on package thermal considerations, refer to www.maximintegrated.com/thermal-tutorial. Electrical Characteristics (TA = TMIN to TMAX, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at TA = +25°C. See VI curve (TOC1) for reference) (Note 2) PARAMETER SYMBOL CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS STATIC PERFORMANCE Input Off-State Operating Voltage Input Trigger Voltage Triggered Slope Resistance Holding Current Holding Voltage ±8 V ±10.3 V 0.4 Ω +IH +175 mA -IH -70 mA +VH +3.7 V -VH -1.9 V 3.9 V pF VT RON Either polarity Slope above the holding current and voltage On-Voltage At 1A, low duty-cycle, pulse tested Input Capacitance 2V applied 2 5V applied 0.003 Input Leakage IL 1 nA DYNAMIC PERFORMANCE Immunity Triggering Either polarity, above this level of input slew rate will trigger the device when below the trigger voltage 1 V/ns Turn-On Time Input starts at 3.6V DC, then rises at 2V/µs. Turn-on time is from the start of the ramp to the time at which > 100mA is flowing 2 ns Release Time 35mA to < 1µA 100 µs Note 2: Limits are 100% tested at TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted. Limits over the operating temperature range are guaranteed by design and characterization. www.maximintegrated.com Maxim Integrated │ 2 MAX30031/MAX30032/ MAX30033/MAX30034 Defibrillation/Surge/ESD Protector Typical Operating Characteristics TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted. CLAMP DC TRANSFER FUNCTION CURRENT vs. VOLTAGE SLOPE = 1/RON 0.6 +VH 0.4 +VT 0 −IH -0.2 −VH −VT -0.4 -0.6 CLAMP 3,4 +25°C 60 CLAMP 1,2 +75°C 40 CLAMP 3,4 +75°C 20 0 -20 -40 -60 SLOPE = 1/RON -0.8 -1 -12 -9 -6 -80 -3 0 3 6 9 -100 12 -8 -6 -4 -2 VOLTAGE (V) CLAMP OFF-STATE CAPACITANCE vs. FREQUENCY 4.00 0 2 toc03 10 CLAMP VOLTAGE (V) CAPACITANCE (pF) 3.75 3.50 3.25 3.00 -5.0V -2.5V +0.0V +2.5V +5.0V 2.75 4.0 7 3.5 6 3.0 5 2.5 4 2.0 3 1.5 2 1.0 1 0.5 0 0.0 -0.5 -5 5 15 REPETITIVE DEFIB PULSE TEST (100K EVENTS) CLAMP VOLTAGE & CURRENT vs. TIME -1 -0.5 -2 -1.0 -3 -1.5 -4 -2.0 -5 -2.5 -6 -3.0 -7 -3.5 CLAMP VOLTAGE -8 -4.0 CLAMP CURRENT -9 25 -4.5 35 -5.0 7 VOLTAGE CURRENT 6 VOLTAGE (V)/CURRENT (A) 0.0 CLAMP CURRENT (A) CLAMP VOLTAGE (V) 0 www.maximintegrated.com 35 toc06 0.5 TIME (ms) 25 TIME (ms) 1 15 4.5 8 1000000 5 5.0 CLAMP CURRENT -1 IEC60601-2-27 NEGATIVE DEFIB DISCHARGE @ 400J CLAMP VOLTAGE & CURRENT vs. TIME E toc05 -5 8 CLAMP VOLTAGE FREQUENCY (Hz) -10 6 IEC60601-2-27 POSITIVE DEFIB DISCHARGE @ 400J CLAMP VOLTAGE & CURRENT vs. TIME 9 2.50 100000 4 VOLTAGE (V) CLAMP CURRENT (A) CURRENT (A) 0.2 toc02 CLAMP 1,2 +25°C 80 LEAKAGE CURRENT (pA) 0.8 CLAMP OFF-STATE LEAKAGE CURRENT vs. VOLTAGE 100 toc01 1 5 4 3 2 1 0 -1 -2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 TIME (ms) Maxim Integrated │ 3 MAX30031/MAX30032/ MAX30033/MAX30034 Defibrillation/Surge/ESD Protector Typical Operating Characteristics (continued) TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted. CLAMP ESD CONTACT DISCHARGE TEST WITH HUMAN METAL MODEL 45 toc07 ILEAK @ -5V 5 0 -5 35 30 25 FAILURE LEAKAGE 15 -10 10 -15 5 -20 0 0 20000 40000 60000 80000 100000 REPETITIVE DISCHARGE -12 -8 -4 0 4 8 0 -10 10 30 15 CURRENT (pA) -2 -4 -6 -8 -10 50 70 70 90 IEC 61000-4-5 (2Ω) SURGE STRESS TEST CLAMP LEAKAGE AFTER +10A SURGE 1000TH PULSE 1ST PULSE 5 0 -5 -10 VOLTAGE CURRENT 30 50 toc11 VOLTAGE (V) CURRENT (A) 2 TIME (μs) 10 10 4 -4 12 IEC 61000-4-5 (2Ω) SURGE STRESS TEST 1000 PULSES AT -10A SURGE toc10 -10 6 -2 0 -12 8 DISCHARGE VOLTAGE IN EACH CYCLE (kV) DEFIB EVENT CYCLE 2 VOLTAGE CURRENT 10 40 20 IEC 61000-4-5 (2Ω) SURGE STRESS TEST 1000 PULSES AT +10A SURGE toc9 12 VOLTAGE (V)/CURRENT (A) 10 DISCHARGE CYCLE LEAKAGE CURRENT (pA) 50 ILEAK @ +5V 15 LEAKAGE CURRENT AFTER EACH DISCHARGE (nA) 0 1 2 3 4 5 toc08 20 REPETITIVE DEFIB PULSE TEST (100K EVENTS) CLAMP LEAKAGE AFTER EACH DEFIB EVENT -15 90 -7 -5 -3 -1 TIME (μs) 1 3 5 7 VOLTAGE (V) 100ns TRANSMISSION LINE PULSER TEST CLAMP CURRENT vs. VOLTAGE & LEAKAGE CURRENT (pA) 1ST PULSE 5 0 -5 -10 -15 0 LEAKAGE CURRENT AFTER EACH PULSE (pA) 40 80 120 toc013 CURERNT DURING PULSE (A) 1000TH PULSE 10 30 toc12 15 IEC 61000-4-5 (2Ω) SURGE STRESS TEST CLAMP LEAKAGE AFTER -10A SURGE I-V POSITIVE I-V NEGATIVE ILEAK @ +8V ILEAK @ -8V 20 10 0 -10 -20 -7 -5 -3 -1 1 VOLTAGE (V) www.maximintegrated.com 3 5 7 -30 -12 -8 -4 0 4 8 12 VOLTAGE DURING PULSE (V) Maxim Integrated │ 4 MAX30031/MAX30032/ MAX30033/MAX30034 Defibrillation/Surge/ESD Protector Pin Configurations MAX30031 MAX30032 VIN1 1 8 N.C. VIN1 1 8 N.C. GND 2 7 N.C. GND 2 7 N.C. N.C. 3 6 N.C. N.C. 3 6 GND N.C. 4 5 N.C. N.C. 4 5 VIN2 MAX30034 MAX30033 VIN1 1 8 VIN3 VIN1 GND 2 7 GND GND 2 7 GND GND 3 6 N.C. GND 3 6 GND VIN2 4 5 N.C. VIN2 4 5 VIN3 www.maximintegrated.com 1 8 VIN4 Maxim Integrated │ 5 MAX30031/MAX30032/ MAX30033/MAX30034 Defibrillation/Surge/ESD Protector Pin Descriptions PIN NAME FUNCTION COMMENTS MAX30031 1 VIN1 Clamp input 1 Tie to the input voltage to be clamped 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 EP MAX30032 GND N.C. N.C. N.C. N.C. N.C. N.C. GND Ground Tie to board GND Exposed paddle Tie to board GND 1 VIN1 Clamp input 1 Tie to the input voltage to be clamped 2 GND Ground Tie to board GND 3 N.C. 4 N.C. 5 VIN2 Clamp input 2 Tie to the input voltage to be clamped 6 7 8 EP GND N.C. N.C. GND Ground Tie to board GND Exposed paddle Tie to system GND 1 VIN1 Clamp input 1 Tie to the input voltage to be clamped 2 GND Ground Tie to board GND 3 GND Ground Tie to board GND 4 VIN2 Clamp input 2 Tie to the input voltage to be clamped 5 N.C. 6 N.C. 7 GND Ground Tie to board GND 8 VIN3 Clamp input 3 Tie to the input voltage to be clamped EP GND Exposed paddle Tie to board GND 1 VIN1 Clamp input 1 Tie to the input voltage to be clamped 2 3 GND GND Ground Ground Tie to board GND Tie to board GND 4 VIN2 Clamp input 2 Tie to the input voltage to be clamped 5 VIN3 Clamp input 3 Tie to the input voltage to be clamped 6 GND Ground Tie to board GND 7 GND Ground Tie to board GND 8 VIN4 Clamp input 4 Tie to the input voltage to be clamped EP GND Exposed paddle Tie to board GND MAX30033 MAX30034 www.maximintegrated.com Maxim Integrated │ 6 MAX30031/MAX30032/ MAX30033/MAX30034 Detailed Description The MAX3003_ defibrillation pulse protectors are specifically designed to protect the input of ECG and respiration detection circuits from a maximum discharge of 400J with the maximum allowable shunted energy into the ECG protection circuit. These devices operate as bidirectional voltage trigger clamps. When the voltage across the terminals of the device goes above approximately +10.3V or below - 10.3V, the impedance across the device drops from well over 1010Ω to less than 1Ω. This drop of impedance across the device conducts sufficient current so as to clamp the voltage across its terminals to protect the input of sensitive electronics. TOC1 illustrates the VI characteristic of the MAX3003_. The MAX3003_ do not dissipate the majority of the defibrillation pulse energy, rather they clamp the voltage at the input to a low voltage, forcing the majority of the defib energy to be dissipated in an external energy rated resistor, RLIMIT. This external energy-rated resistor should be sized to limit the energy absorbed by the ECG system to within the limits specified by IEC and AAMI requirements. The voltage across the MAX3003_, when triggered on, is approximately VON = 3.5V + ICLAMP x RON, where ICLAMP is the current flowing through the MAX3003_ and will be given by ICLAMP = VAPPLIED/RLIMIT. RON is the MAX3003_ on state impedance given in the electrical characteristics table. Thus the current in the MAX3003_, produces a power dissipation in the device of PMAX3003_ = 3.5V x ICLAMP + RON x ICLAMP2. The peak energy per defib pulse must be kept below the maximum shown in the absolute maximum ratings. Before the MAX3003_ go into a clamp state, the voltage can briefly exceed 10.3V (typ). So a secondary protection resistor (RSEC) between the MAX3003_ and the ECG input circuit is recommended. Virtually all modern circuitry have ESD protection at their inputs to clamp the input to an acceptably low voltage. These clamps are generally designed to protect the input against limited ESD and latch-up events. Thus RSEC should be sized to limit the current into the ECG input to levels below the absolute maximum rating of the device and would typically be part of the input filtering network. Generally RSEC would be as low as a few hundred ohms and dissipate very little energy during a defib event. For example, if the instrumentation amplifier supply is 3V, then RSEC > (10.3V – 3.7V)/IMAX, where IMAX is the maximum current specified in the instrumentation amplifier data sheet. www.maximintegrated.com Defibrillation/Surge/ESD Protector MAX3003_ will fall out of the conduction state and return to a low-leakage off-state once the terminal current drops below the hold current, of approximately +175mA or -55mA. When in the off state, the MAX3003_ exhibit extremely low leakage, typically less than 10pA at room temperature as well as low capacitance, typically 3.3pF. Thus the device has little or no impact on the characteristics of the ECG input signal-conditioning network. In addition to defib protection, the MAX3003_ is an extremely fast device. Thus, it is capable of also serving as an IEC61000-4-2 high ESD protection device, eliminating the need for multiple protection components at the front-end of an ECG system. TOC8 illustrates multiple direct (RLIMIT = 0Ω) HMM ESD hits at various voltages. The HMM ESD model is essentially an IEC61000-4-2 ESD model with a hard GND connection and contact discharge. Thus, it represents a worst-case IEC61000-4-2 scenario. As can be seen from TOC8, the MAX3003_ are able to tolerate a worst case IEC61000-4-2 contact discharge to well over 8kV without damage. The MAX3003_ are “snap-back” type clamp structures and are specifically designed for applications where the normal circuit impedance is high enough that the minimum hold current cannot be supported, such as ECG defib protection. In such a case the MAX3003_ are guaranteed to turn off when the transient condition is removed and will not remain in a clamp condition causing potential damage. If the MAX3003_ were to be used in an application where the circuit impedance was low enough to support the minimum hold current, such as a power supply clamping application, then the devices could result in excessively high DC current to flow once triggered by an overdrive condition. In such a situation, the MAX3003_ could be destroyed and could destroy other circuitry in the process. To ensure that the intended circuit is appropriate for use with the MAX3003_, analyze the target circuit with a short circuit in place of the MAX3003_. If the current in that short circuit is less than the minimum hold current, then the MAX3003_ would work for that application. Maxim Integrated │ 7 MAX30031/MAX30032/ MAX30033/MAX30034 Defibrillation/Surge/ESD Protector Ordering Information Package Information PART TEMP RANGE PIN-PACKAGE MAX30031CUA+* 0°C to +70°C 8 µMAX MAX30032CUA+* 0°C to +70°C 8 µMAX MAX30033CUA+* 0°C to +70°C 8 µMAX MAX30034CUA+ 0°C to +70°C 8 µMAX +Denotes lead(Pb)-free/RoHS compliant package. *Future product—contact factory for availability. For the latest package outline information and land patterns (footprints), go to www.maximintegrated.com/packages. Note that a “+”, “#”, or “-” in the package code indicates RoHS status only. Package drawings may show a different suffix character, but the drawing pertains to the package regardless of RoHS status. PACKAGE TYPE PACKAGE CODE OUTLINE NO. LAND PATTERN NO. TDFN U8+4 21-0036 90-0092 Chip Information PROCESS: CMOS www.maximintegrated.com Maxim Integrated │ 8 MAX30031/MAX30032/ MAX30033/MAX30034 Defibrillation/Surge/ESD Protector Revision History REVISION NUMBER REVISION DATE 0 3/16 DESCRIPTION Initial release PAGES CHANGED — For pricing, delivery, and ordering information, please contact Maxim Direct at 1-888-629-4642, or visit Maxim Integrated’s website at www.maximintegrated.com. Maxim Integrated cannot assume responsibility for use of any circuitry other than circuitry entirely embodied in a Maxim Integrated product. No circuit patent licenses are implied. Maxim Integrated reserves the right to change the circuitry and specifications without notice at any time. The parametric values (min and max limits) shown in the Electrical Characteristics table are guaranteed. Other parametric values quoted in this data sheet are provided for guidance. Maxim Integrated and the Maxim Integrated logo are trademarks of Maxim Integrated Products, Inc. © 2016 Maxim Integrated Products, Inc. │ 9