RoHS Compliant Value Added ATA Flash Drive Ⅲ Specification for AFDⅢ 253 Mar 18, 2011 Version 1.4 Apacer Technology Inc. th th 4 Fl., 75 Xintai 5 Rd., Sec.1, Hsichih, New Taipei City, 221, Taiwan Tel: +886-2-2698-2888 Fax: +886-2-2698-2889 www.apacer.com Value Added ATA Flash Drive Ⅲ AP-FD25A2xAxxxxxR-XXX Features: Standard ATA/IDE bus interface – ATA command set compatible – ATA operating mode supports up to: PIO Mode-4 Multiword DMA Mode-2 Ultra DMA Mode-4 Connector type – 44-pin male Low power consumption (typical) – Supply voltage: 5V – Active mode: 138mA – Sleep mode: 2000µA Performance – Sustained read: Up to 35 MB/sec – Sustained write: Up to 20 MB/sec Capacity – 256, 512 MB – 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64 GB NAND Flash Type: SLC Temperature ranges – Operation: Standard: 0°C to 70°C ET*: -40°C to 85°C – Storage: -40°C to 100°C Flash management – Intelligent endurance design Advanced wear-leveling algorithms S.M.A.R.T. technology Built-in hardware ECC Enhanced data integrity – Intelligent power failure recovery – Enhanced security level Secure protection zone ATA Secure Erase RoHS compliant *Extended Temperature 1 © 2011 Apacer Technology Inc. Rev. 1.4 Value Added ATA Flash Drive Ⅲ AP-FD25A2xAxxxxxR-XXX Table of Contents 1. GENERAL DESCRIPTION ......................................................................................... 3 1.1 PERFORMANCE-OPTIMIZED CONTROLLER ............................................................................................... 3 1.1.1 Power Management Unit (PMU)................................................................................................... 3 1.1.2 SRAM Buffer ................................................................................................................................. 3 2. FUNCTIONAL BLOCK ............................................................................................... 4 3. PIN ASSIGNMENTS ................................................................................................... 5 4. CAPACITY SPECIFICATION ..................................................................................... 6 4.1 PERFORMANCE SPECIFICATION .............................................................................................................. 6 4.2 ENVIRONMENTAL SPECIFICATIONS .......................................................................................................... 6 5. FLASH MANAGEMENT ............................................................................................. 7 5.1 INTELLIGENT ENDURANCE DESIGN .......................................................................................................... 7 5.1.1 Advanced wear-leveling algorithms .............................................................................................. 7 5.1.2 S.M.A.R.T. technology.................................................................................................................. 7 5.1.3 Built-in hardware ECC .................................................................................................................. 7 5.1.4 Enhanced data integrity ................................................................................................................ 7 5.2 INTELLIGENT POWER FAILURE RECOVERY ............................................................................................... 8 5.3 ENHANCED SECURITY LEVEL .................................................................................................................. 8 5.3.1 Secure protection zone................................................................................................................. 8 5.3.2 ATA Secure Erase ........................................................................................................................ 8 6. SOFTWARE INTERFACE ......................................................................................... 9 6.1 COMMAND SET ...................................................................................................................................... 9 7. ELECTRICAL SPECIFICATION .............................................................................. 11 8. PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS ............................................................................ 11 9. PRODUCT ORDERING INFORMATION ................................................................. 14 9.1 PRODUCT CODE DESIGNATIONS ........................................................................................................... 14 9.2 VALID COMBINATIONS .......................................................................................................................... 14 2 © 2011 Apacer Technology Inc. Rev. 1.4 Value Added ATA Flash Drive Ⅲ AP-FD25A2xAxxxxxR-XXX 1. General Description Apacer’s ATA-Flash Drive (AFD) is a high-performance, solid state drive (SSD) designed to replace a conventional IDE hard disk drive. AFD supports standard ATA/IDE protocol and can be plugged into a standard IDE connector commonly found in desktop or portable PCs. It is more rugged, reliable and power-efficient compared to the mechanical hard drive and is designed for use in rugged laptops, military devices, thin clients, Point of Sale (POS) terminals, telecom, medical instruments, surveillance systems and industrials PCs. AFD also offers users selectable Master/Slave operation through an external jumper setting. Apacer AFD Series is the best drop-in replacement for high-maintenance HDD where reliability is a major concern. AFD includes a built-in microcontroller and file management firmware that communicates through with the ATA standard interfaces. This means the AFD does not require any additional or proprietary host software such as the Flash File System (FFS) and Memory Technology Driver (MTD) software. AFD is designed to work at 5 Volts, support the standard ATA/IDE protocol up to PIO Mode-4, Multiword DMA Mode-2, and Ultra DMA Mode-4 interfaces, and use a standard ATA driver that fits to all major operating systems such as Microsoft’s Windows series, Mac OS family, and UNIX variants Featuring technologies as Advanced Wear-leveling algorithms, S.M.A.R.T, Enhanced Data Integrity, Intelligent Power Failure Recovery, Secure Protection Zone and ATA Secure Erase, Apacer’s ADM assures users of a versatile device on data storage. 1.1 Performance-Optimized Controller The heart of an ATA-Flash Drive is the ATA controller, which translates standard ATA signals into the data and controls of the flash media. This proprietary ATA controller is specifically designed to attain high data throughput from the host to the flash. 1.1.1 Power Management Unit (PMU) The power management unit (PMU) controls the power consumption of the ATA-Flash Drive controller. It can dramatically extend product battery life by leaving the idle part of the circuitry into sleep mode. The PMU has zero wake-up latency. 1.1.2 SRAM Buffer The SRAM buffer is a key contributor to the ATA controller performance. It optimizes data writes to the flash. 3 © 2011 Apacer Technology Inc. Rev. 1.4 Value Added ATA Flash Drive Ⅲ AP-FD25A2xAxxxxxR-XXX 2. Functional Block The ATA-Flash Drive (AFD) includes the ATA controller and flash media, as well as the ATA standard interface. Figure 2-1 shows the functional block diagram. Flash Array Flash Media Flash Media ATA Controller HOST ATA/IDE Bus Flash Media Flash Media . . . Figure 2-1: ATA-Flash Drive functional block diagram 4 © 2011 Apacer Technology Inc. Rev. 1.4 Value Added ATA Flash Drive Ⅲ AP-FD25A2xAxxxxxR-XXX 3. Pin Assignments Table 3-1 lists the pin assignments with respective signal names for the 44-pin configuration. A “#” suffix indicates the active low signal. The pin type can be input, output or input/output. Figure 3-1: ATA-Flash Drive 44-pin Connector Pin 43 Pin 1 Table 3-1: Pin assignments for the 44-pin configuration Pin No. 1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 25 27 29 31 33 35 37 39 41 43 Signal Name RESET# D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 GND DMARQ IOWR# IORD# HDMARDY# HSTROBE# IORDY DDMARDY# DSTROBE DMACK# INTRQ A1 A0 CS1FX# DASP# VDD GND Pin Type I I/O I/O I/O I/O I/O I/O I/O I/O O I I/O Type I2U I1Z, O2 I1Z, O2 I1Z, O2 I1Z, O2 I1Z, O2 I1Z, O2 I1Z, O2 I1Z, O2 Ground O1 I2Z Pin No. 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 Signal Name GND D8 D9 D10 D11 D12 D13 D14 D15 NC GND GND Pin Type I/O I/O I/O I/O I/O I/O I/O I/O - I/O Type Ground I1Z, O2 I1Z, O2 I1Z, O2 I1Z, O2 I1Z, O2 I1Z, O2 I1Z, O2 I1Z, O2 Ground Ground I I2Z 26 GND - Ground O O1 28 CSEL I I1U I O I I I I/O - I2UO1 I1Z I1Z I2Z I1U, O6 Power Ground 30 32 34 36 38 40 42 44 GND IOCS16# PDIAG# A2 CS3FX# GND VDD NC O I/O I I - O2 I1U, O1 I1Z I2Z Ground Power - 5 © 2011 Apacer Technology Inc. Rev. 1.4 Value Added ATA Flash Drive Ⅲ AP-FD25A2xAxxxxxR-XXX 4. Capacity Specification Capacity specification of the ATA-Flash Drive (AFD) product family is available as shown in Table 4-1. It lists the specific capacity and the default numbers of heads, sectors and cylinders for each product line. Table 4-1: AFD capacity specifications Capacity Total bytes Cylinders Heads Sectors Max LBA 256 MB 256,901,120 980 16 32 501,760 512 MB 512,483,328 993 16 63 1,000,944 1GB 1,024,966,656 1986 16 63 2,001,888 2GB 2,048,385,024 3969 16 63 4,000,752 4GB 4,096,253,952 7937 16 63 8,000,496 8GB 8,001,552,384 15504 16 63 15,628,032 16 GB 16,001,040,384 16383* 16 63 31,252,032 32 GB 32,001,048,576 16383* 16 63 62,502,048 64 GB 64,002,097,152 16383* 16 63 125,004,096 *Cylinders, heads or sectors are not applicable for these capacities. Only LBA addressing applies. 4.1 Performance Specification Performance of the ATA-Flash Drive is listed in Table 4-2. Table 4-2: Performance specifications Capacity 256 MB / 512 MB / 1GB / 2GB / 4GB 8 GB 16 GB 32 GB 64 GB Sustained read (MB/s) 25 35 35 35 20 Sustained write (MB/s) 7 10 15 20 10 Performance Note: Above figures measured based on flash configurations. 4.2 Environmental Specifications Environmental specification of the ATA-Flash Drive which follows the MIL-STD-810F standards is available as shown in Table 4-3. Table 4-3: ATA-Flash Drive environmental specifications Environment Temperature Operation Specification 0°C to 70°C; -40°C to 85°C (Ext. Temp.) Storage -40°C to 100°C Humidity Vibration (Non-Operation) Shock (Non-Operation) 5% to 95% RH (Non-condensing) Sine wave: 10~2000Hz, 15G (X, Y, Z axes) Half sine wave, Peak acceleration 50 G, 11 ms (X, Y, Z ; All 6 axes) 6 © 2011 Apacer Technology Inc. Rev. 1.4 Value Added ATA Flash Drive Ⅲ AP-FD25A2xAxxxxxR-XXX 5. Flash Management 5.1 Intelligent Endurance Design 5.1.1 Advanced wear-leveling algorithms The NAND flash devices are limited by a certain number of write cycles. When using a file system, frequent file table updates is mandatory. If some area on the flash wears out faster than others, it would significantly reduce the lifetime of the whole device, even if the erase counts of others are far from the write cycle limit. Thus, if the write cycles can be distributed evenly across the media, the lifetime of the media can be prolonged significantly. The scheme is achieved both via buffer management and Apacerspecific advanced wear leveling to ensure that the lifetime of the flash media can be increased, and the disk access performance is optimized as well. 5.1.2 S.M.A.R.T. technology S.M.A.R.T. is an acronym for Self-Monitoring, Analysis and Reporting Technology, an open standard allowing disk drives to automatically monitor their own health and report potential problems. It protects the user from unscheduled downtime by monitoring and storing critical drive performance and calibration parameters. Ideally, this should allow taking proactive actions to prevent impending drive failure. Apacer SMART feature adopts the standard SMART command B0h to read data from the drive. When the Apacer SMART Utility running on the host, it analyzes and reports the disk status to the host before the device is in critical condition. 5.1.3 Built-in hardware ECC The ATA-Flash Drive uses BCH Error Detection Code (EDC) and Error Correction Code (ECC) algorithms which correct up to eight random single-bit errors for each 512-byte block of data. High performance is fulfilled through hardware-based error detection and correction. 5.1.4 Enhanced data integrity The properties of NAND flash memory make it ideal for applications that require high integrity while operating in challenging environments. The integrity of data to NAND flash memory is generally maintained through ECC algorithms and bad block management. Flash controllers can support up to 8 bits ECC capability for accuracy of data transactions, and bad block management is a preventive mechanism from loss of data by retiring unusable media blocks and relocating the data to the other blocks, along with the integration of advanced wear leveling algorithms, so that the lifespan of device can be expanded. 7 © 2011 Apacer Technology Inc. Rev. 1.4 Value Added ATA Flash Drive Ⅲ AP-FD25A2xAxxxxxR-XXX 5.2 Intelligent Power Failure Recovery The Low Power Detection on the controller initiates cached data saving before the power supply to the device is too low. This feature prevents the device from crash and ensures data integrity during an unexpected blackout. Once power was failure before cached data writing back into flash, data in the cache will lost. The next time the power is on, the controller will check these fragmented data segment, and, if necessary, replace them with old data kept in flash until programmed successfully. 5.3 Enhanced Security Level 5.3.1 Secure protection zone Partitioning with static commands to logically secure data, protection zones are the solid frameworks of file vaults. 3 different types of zones, unprotected, read-only, and restricted, are offered for effortless administration. When the product is shipped out of Apacer, all sectors are in the unprotected zone, which means there is no control on any data transaction. For further management control, the read-only zone can be set to be accessed exclusively for grantees, and the restricted zone, to be as the maximum security stockade with full administration privilege required. A maximum of 4 zones can be configured as either restricted or read-only zone presenting concurrently. The space outside these 4 zones is automatically in the unprotected zone if available. After the zone has been configured, the protection zone can be de-activated or re-activated by either software methods or hardware components. Protection zone configuration is non-volatile and it will be in effect until the next set of configuration overwrites it. 5.3.2 ATA Secure Erase Accomplished by the Secure Erase (SE) command, which added to the open ANSI standards that control disk drives, “ATA Secure Erase” is built into the disk drive itself and thus far less susceptible to malicious software attacks than external software utilities. It is a positive easy-to-use data destroy command, amounting to electronic data shredding. Executing the command causes a drive to internally completely erase all possible user data. This command is carried out within disk drives, so no additional software is required. Once executed, neither data nor the erase counter on the device would be recoverable, which blurs the accuracy of device lifespan. The process to erase will not be stopped until finished while encountering power failure, and will be continued when power is back on. 8 © 2011 Apacer Technology Inc. Rev. 1.4 Value Added ATA Flash Drive Ⅲ AP-FD25A2xAxxxxxR-XXX 6. Software Interface 6.1 Command Set This section defines the software requirements and the format of the commands the host sends to the ATA-Flash Drive (AFD). Commands are issued to the AFD by loading the required registers in the command block with the supplied parameters, and then writing the command code to the command register. The manner in which a command is accepted varies. Table 6-1: Command set (1 of 2) Code FR1 SC2 SN3 CY4 DH5 E5H or 98H - - - - D 8 - Execute-Drive-Diagnostic 90H - - - - D - Erase Sector(s) C0H - Y Y Y Y Y Flush-Cache E7H - - - - D - 8 Command Check-Power-Mode 7 LBA6 Format Track 50H - Y - Y Y Y Identify-Drive ECH - - - - D - Idle E3H or 97H - Y - - D - Idle-Immediate E1H or 95H - - - - D - Initialize-Drive-Parameters 91H - Y - - Y - NOP 00H - - - - D - Read-Buffer E4H - - - - D - Read-DMA C8H or C9H - Y Y Y Y Y C4H - Y Y Y Y Y Read-Sector(s) 20H or 21H - Y Y Y Y Y Read-Verify-Sector(s) 40H or 41H - Y Y Y Y Y Recalibrate 1XH - - - - D - Request-Sense 03H - - - - D - Security-Disable-Password F6H - - - - D - Security-Erase-Prepare F3H - - - - D - Security-Erase-Unit F4H - - - - D - Security-Freeze-Lock F5H - - - - D - Security-Set-Password F1H - - - - D - Security-Unlock F2H - - - - D - Seek 7XH - - Y Y Y Y Set-Features EFH Y7 - - - D - Read-Multiple 9 © 2011 Apacer Technology Inc. Rev. 1.4 Value Added ATA Flash Drive Ⅲ AP-FD25A2xAxxxxxR-XXX Table 6-1: Command set (2 of 2) Code FR1 SC2 SN3 CY4 DH5 SMART B0H Y Y Y Y D Set-Multiple-Mode C6H - Y - - D - Set-Sleep-Mode E6H or 99H - - - - D - Standby E2H or 96H - - - - D - Standby-lmmediate E0H or 94H - - - - D - Translate-Sector 87H - Y Y Y Y Y Write-Buffer E8H - - - - D - Write-DMA CAH or CBH - Y Y Y Y Y Write-Multiple C5H - Y Y Y Y Y Write-Multiple-Without-Erase CDH - Y Y Y Y Y 30H or 31H - Y Y Y Y Y Write-Sector-Without-Erase 38H - Y Y Y Y Y Write-Verify 3CH - Y Y Y Y Y Command Write-Sector(s) LBA6 1. FR - Features register 2. SC - Sector Count register 3. SN - Sector Number register 4. CY - Cylinder registers 5. DH - Drive/Head register 6. LBA - Logical Block Address mode supported (see command descriptions for use) 7. Y - The register contains a valid parameter for this command 8. For the Drive/Head register: Y means both the ATA-Flash Drive and Head parameters are used D means only the ATA-Flash Drive parameter is valid and not the Head parameter 10 © 2011 Apacer Technology Inc. Rev. 1.4 Value Added ATA Flash Drive Ⅲ AP-FD25A2xAxxxxxR-XXX 7. Electrical Specification Caution: Absolute Maximum Stress Ratings – Applied conditions greater than those listed under “Absolute Maximum Stress Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. This is a stress rating only and functional operation of the device at these conditions or conditions greater than those defined in the operational sections of this data sheet is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum stress rating conditions may affect device reliability. Table 7-1: ATA-Flash Drive operating voltage Range Standard Extended Temperature Ambient Temperature 0°C to 70°C -40°C to 85°C 5V 4.5-5.5V Table 7-2: Absolute maximum power pin stress ratings Parameter Input Power Voltage on any pin except VDD with respect to GND Symbol VDD V Conditions -0.3V min. to 6.5V max. -0.5V min. to VDD + 0.5V max. Table 7-3: Recommended system power-up timing Symbol 1 TPU-READY 1 TPU-WRITE Parameter Power-up to Ready Operation Power-up to Write Operation Typical 200 200 Maximum 1000 1000 Units ms ms 1. This parameter is measured only for initial qualification and after a design or process change that could affect this parameter. 8. Physical Characteristics 11 © 2011 Apacer Technology Inc. Rev. 1.4 Value Added ATA Flash Drive Ⅲ AP-FD25A2xAxxxxxR-XXX Unit: mm Tolerance: ± 0.2 12 © 2011 Apacer Technology Inc. Rev. 1.4 Value Added ATA Flash Drive Ⅲ AP-FD25A2xAxxxxxR-XXX Unit: mm Tolerance: ± 0.2 13 © 2011 Apacer Technology Inc. Rev. 1.4 Value Added ATA Flash Drive Ⅲ AP-FD25A2xAxxxxxR-XXX 9. Product Ordering Information 9.1 Product Code Designations AP – FD25 A 2 X A xxxxx R – X X X Temperature: Blank: Standard W: Extended Temperature Flash Type FW Version RoHS Compliant Capacity: 00256: 00512: 0001G: 0002G: 0004G: 0008G: 0016G: 0032G: 0064G: 256MB 512MB 1GB 2GB 4GB 8GB 16GB 32GB 64GB Product Type PCB Version Controller Type Outline 180D 2.5 inch ATA Flash Drive Apacer Product Code 14 © 2011 Apacer Technology Inc. Rev. 1.4 Value Added ATA Flash Drive Ⅲ AP-FD25A2xAxxxxxR-XXX 9.2 Valid Combinations Capacity Standard Extended Temperature 256MB AP-FD25A20A00256R-KS AP-FD25A20A00256R-KSW 512MB AP-FD25A20A00512R-KS AP-FD25A20A00512R-KSW 1GB AP-FD25A20A0001GR-KS AP-FD25A20A0001GR-KSW 2GB AP-FD25A20A0002GR-KS AP-FD25A20A0002GR-KSW 4GB AP-FD25A20A0004GR-KS AP-FD25A20A0004GR-KSW 8GB AP-FD25A20A0008GR-KS AP-FD25A20A0008GR-KSW 16GB AP-FD25A20A0016GR-KS AP-FD25A20A0016GR-KSW 32GB AP-FD25A20A0032GR-KS AP-FD25A20A0032GR-KSW 64GB AP-FD25A21A0064GR-KT AP-FD25A21A0064GR-KTW 15 © 2011 Apacer Technology Inc. Rev. 1.4 Value Added ATA Flash Drive Ⅲ AP-FD25A2xAxxxxxR-XXX Revision History Revision Date Description Remark 1.0 02/03/2009 Official release 1.1 02/11/2009 Modified document layout 1.2 08/11/2009 Combined all capacities collectively 1.3 09/09/2009 Context refined 1.4 03/18/2011 Updated Performance Specification & Product Ordering Information 16 © 2011 Apacer Technology Inc. Rev. 1.4 Value Added ATA Flash Drive Ⅲ AP-FD25A2xAxxxxxR-XXX Global Presence Taiwan (Headquarters) Apacer Technology Inc. th 4 Fl., 75 Hsin Tai Wu Rd., Sec.1 Hsichih, 221 Taipei Hsien Taiwan, R.O.C. Tel: +886-2-2698-2888 Fax: +886-2-2698-2889 [email protected] U.S.A. Apacer Memory America, Inc. 386 Fairview Way, Suite102, Milpitas, CA 95035 Tel: 1-408-586-1291 Fax: 1-408-935-9611 [email protected] Japan Apacer Technology Corp. 5F, Matsura Bldg., Shiba, Minato-Ku Tokyo, 105-0014, Japan Tel: 81-3-5419-2668 Fax: 81-3-5419-0018 [email protected] Europe Apacer Technology B.V. Europalaan 89 5232 BC 'S-Hertogenbosch The Netherlands Tel: 31-73-645-9620 Fax: 31-73-645-9629 [email protected] China Apacer Electronic (Shanghai) Co., Ltd 1301, No.251,Xiaomuqiao Road, Shanghai, 200032, China Tel: 86-21-5529-0222 Fax: 86-21-5206-6939 [email protected] India Apacer Technologies Pvt. Ltd. #143, 1st Floor, Raheja Arcade, 5th Block Kormangala Industrial Layout, Bangalore - 560095, India Tel: 91-80-4152-9061 [email protected] 17 © 2011 Apacer Technology Inc. Rev. 1.4 Mouser Electronics Authorized Distributor Click to View Pricing, Inventory, Delivery & Lifecycle Information: Apacer: AP-FD25A20A0002GR-KS AP-FD25A20A0004GR-KS AP-FD25A20A0004GR-KSW AP-FD25A20A0008GR-KS APFD25A20A0032GR-KSW AP-FD25A20A00512R-KS AP-FD25A20A00512R-KSW AP-FM016GE11S5R-KS APFM016GE11S5R-KSW