Digital pulse compression module CI F06 Expander and Compressor To make an enquiry please email: [email protected] Product description CI F06 unit includes a digital pulse expander and the matched digital pulse compressor housed in a single unit. The pulse expander generates a frequency coded pulse, also called a chirp. Pulse output is IF analog. The pulse compressor performs matched filtering of the expanded chirp. Compressor pulse input and output are IF analog. CI F06 may be customized to generate and match linear or non linear chirps. CI F06 may be used as a replacement of existing SAW based pulse expander and/or compressor to overcome device obsolescence or enhance RADAR performances. CI F06 behavior and performances are reproducible from one unit to the other. No matching is needed. CI F06 may be used with CI F04/05 to get multiple compressor channels, also without matching required from one unit to the other. Rakon will customize pulse expander chirp and pulse compression filter according to the characteristics requested by the customer (Chirp duration, bandwidth, compressed pulse width, chirp slope …). The unit is provided with FPGA firmware loaded, including pulse expander waveforms and pulse compression filter. Features Single channel pulse expander unit Single channel pulse compressor unit IF analog I/Os 2 selectable waveforms for expander and compressor High precision clock BITE function High BxT compression gain Applications SAW based pulse compression RADARS upgrade Oct 16th, 2015 CI F06 Expander and Compressor Revision B3 1/9 www.rakon.com Digital pulse compression module CI F06 Expander and Compressor Technical description CI F06 functional block diagram is featured on Fig. 1. FPGA Wa veform selection WF MS el_E Trigger Tim ing Stored Wa veforms To F0 DA C FIR Filter To F0 DA C Out_E Wa veform selection WF MS el_C In_ C To Ba seBa nd ADC Out_C Sy stem Clock Clock Power Control Power S upply Connect JTA G Program FPGA Superv ision BIT E Unit_O K Fig. 1 : CI F06 functional block diagram Unit description. The internal low noise system clock is locked on an external clock (derived from the RADAR system clock). For proper operation, the clock should be a good quality clock, with a low phase noise close to the carrier. CI F06 unit is provided with FPGA firmware loaded. Functions, and channels specifications (time dispersion, compressed pulse width, side lobes level…) should be provided by customer; Rakon will customize the FPGA program to fulfill customer requirements. CI F06 unit continuously monitors internal power supply and FPGA program integrity. If voltage exceeds nominal levels, or if FPGA program is corrupted, Unit_OK output is deasserted, and LED is turned off. The Unit_OK output indicates the GO-NOGO state of the compressor. Pulse expander channel description. After each Trigger pulse, a chirp defined by the samples set selected by WFMSel_E is generated, and presented to the DAC input to be translated into an analog signal. Trigger input have to be synchronized with Clock input. For better compatibility with old SAW based subsystems, an adjustable additional delay may be inserted. Expander waveform is selected among 2 possible waveforms, using WFMSel_E input, as presented in Table 1. Each time WFMSel_E signal changes, the new set of waveform coefficients will be active for the next trigger pulse. Table 1 : Expander waveform selection WFMSel_E Expander waveform 0 1 Waveform E0 (TBD) Waveform E1 (TBD) Oct 16th, 2015 CI F06 Expander and Compressor Revision B3 2/9 www.rakon.com Digital pulse compression module CI F06 Expander and Compressor Pulse compressor channel description. Input chirps are filtered (anti-aliasing filter), sampled and down-converted to baseband. I and Q baseband data are processed by FIR filters whose coefficients are matched with the expander chirp characteristics. Digital baseband I/Q compressed pulse is then up-converted to carrier frequency and converted into analog signal. As inputs and outputs are IF analog signals, CI F06 is well suited to upgrade SAW based pulse compression Radars. For better compatibility with old SAW based subsystems, an adjustable additional delay may be inserted. Fig. 2 gives the maximum chirp duration value vs. bandwidth achievable for the compressor channel. Compressor waveform is selected among 2 possible waveforms, using WFMSel_C input, as presented in Table 2. Each time WFMSel_C signal changes, the new set of waveform coefficients will be active 50 µs later. Table 2 : Compressor waveform selection WFMSel_C Compressor waveform 0 1 Waveform C0 (TBD) Waveform C1 (TBD) Fig. 2 : Accessible B x T area Oct 16th, 2015 CI F06 Expander and Compressor Revision B3 3/9 www.rakon.com Digital pulse compression module CI F06 Expander and Compressor Specifications 1 Environmental conditions Line Parameter Test Condition Min. Typ. Max. Unit Procedures and conditions refer to MIL-STD-810G 1.1 Temperature operating -25 +60 °C 1.2 Temperature storage -40 +85 °C 1.3 Humidity operating @ 30 °C, (non condensing) 95 % RH 1.4 Shock 11 ms, 3 axes, 2 dir, half sine pulse 30 g 1.5 Random Vibration 20 to 500 Hz, 3 axes 0.1 g /Hz 1.6 EMI - EMC In accordance with MIL-STD 461 E 2 Electrical Interface Line Parameter Test Condition Min. Typ. Max. 2 Unit Power supply 2.1 2.2 Voltage Current 11 @ Power supply = 15 V 26 600 (1) V mA Clock Input Refers to Clock 2.3 Input level -10 2.4 Frequency 0 2.5 Phase noise @ 1 kHz 2.6 VSWR 0 For a 20 MHz clock input 10 dBm 250 MHz -130 dBc/Hz 1.5:1 RF Input signal Refers to In_C 2.7 Maximum input level 2.8 Input noise floor 2.9 VSWR 10 Inside chirp bandwidth dBm -130 dBm/Hz 1.3:1 1 Current highly depends on waveform characteristics (B, T, …) Oct 16th, 2015 CI F06 Expander and Compressor Revision B3 4/9 www.rakon.com Digital pulse compression module CI F06 Expander and Compressor 2 Electrical Interface Line Parameter Test Condition Min. Typ. Max. Unit RF expander output signal Refers to Out_E 2.10 Maximum output level 2.11 Output level variation with temperature 2.12 Maximum time domain amplitude ripple 2.13 Rise / Fall time 2.14 Spurious harmonic level 2.15 Output noise floor 2.16 Maximum phase error within the chirp 2.17 VSWR 10 dBm ±1 ± 0.1 From 10 % to 90 % max level Inside chirp bandwidth dB dB 50 ns -70 dBc -140 dBm/Hz ±2 Deg. 1.3:1 RF compressor output signal Refers to Out_C 2.18 Maximum output level 2.19 Output noise floor 2.20 VSWR 0 Inside chirp bandwidth dBm -150 dBm/Hz 1.3:1 RS-422 control inputs Refers to Trigger, WFMSel_E, WFMSel_C inputs 2.21 Impedance 120 Ω 2.22 Setup time To clock rising edge 50 ns 2.23 Hold time From clock rising edge 50 ns Oct 16th, 2015 CI F06 Expander and Compressor Revision B3 5/9 www.rakon.com Digital pulse compression module CI F06 Expander and Compressor 3 CI F06 expander operation Performances Line Parameter 3.1 Center frequency (F0) 3.2 Maximum bandwidth (B) 3.3 Maximum time dispersion (T) Test Condition Min. Typ. Max. 75 – B/2 45 Unit MHz MHz 1000 µs Minimal expander delay (TE) Measured from first Clock rising edge after Trigger low to high transition, to the center of the output chirp. T/2 + 0.3 µs 3.5 Maximal additional expander delay (TE) Measured from first Clock rising edge after Trigger low to high transition, to the center of the output chirp. 1 ms 3.6 Modulation slope 3.7 Modulation type 3.4 Up-chirp / Down-chirp Linear / Non linear Oct 16th, 2015 CI F06 Expander and Compressor Revision B3 6/9 www.rakon.com Digital pulse compression module CI F06 Expander and Compressor 4 CI F06 compressor operation Performances Line Parameter Test Condition Min. Typ. Max. Unit Note: Values given bellow are typical values given as a rough guide. Depending on the required parameters (B, T,…) other limitations may rise, e.g. side lobe levels highly depends on bandwidth (B) and time dispersion (T), τ-3dB highly depends on bandwidth (B), … 4.1 Center frequency (F0) 4.2 Maximum bandwidth (B) 75 – B/2 MHz 45 MHz Maximum time dispersion (T) 4.3 B < 3 MHz 950 µs 4.4 B < 7 MHz 170 µs 4.5 B < 20 MHz 17 µs 35 ns 35 to 45 dB T/2 + 2.5 µs 1 ms 25 dB 4.6 Minimum compressed pulse width @ -3 dB (τ-3dB) 4.7 Side lobe level (SLL) 4.8 Minimal compressor delay (TC) Measured from the center of the input chirp, to the center of the compressed pulse output 4.9 Maximal additional Compressor delay (TC) Measured from the center of the input chirp, to the center of the compressed pulse output 4.10 CW Insertion loss @ F0 4.11 Modulation slope Up-chirp / Down-chirp 4.12 Modulation type Linear / Non linear Oct 16th, 2015 CI F06 Expander and Compressor Revision B3 7/9 www.rakon.com Digital pulse compression module CI F06 Expander and Compressor Mechanical features 5 Mechanical features Line Parameter 5.1 Unit outline without connectors 5.2 Unit weight 5.3 Material AG4.5MC 5.4 Treatment Ni15 / Zn1 5.5 Screws Test Condition Min. Typ. Max. 175 x 152 x 27.1 < 0.6 Unit 3 mm kg A4-70 stainless steel Fig. 3 : Mechanical drawing Reliability 6 Reliability information Line Parameter Test Condition 6.1 Estimated mean time between failure FIDES 2004, 30°C ambient Value > 250 000 Unit H Oct 16th, 2015 CI F06 Expander and Compressor Revision B3 8/9 www.rakon.com Digital pulse compression module CI F06 Expander and Compressor Interfaces description 7 Interfaces description Line Pin number Name Description J1 to J4 : SMA – Jack 7.1 J1 Clock 7.2 J2 In_C 7.3 J3 Out_E 7.4 J4 Out_C Reference clock input AC, 50 Ω Compressor RF chirp input AC, 50 Ω Expander RF chirp output AC, 50 Ω Compressor RF compressed pulse output AC, 50 Ω FL01 to FL04 : By-pass filter 7.5 FL01 Power supply return Power supply return 7.6 FL02 Power supply Power supply 7.7 FL03 Pi filter Not used 7.8 FL04 Pi filter Not used 7.9 7.10 P1 : MIL-C-24308 15-pin SubD Connector P1 – 3 / WFMSel_E +/P1 – 11 P1 – 4 / WFMSel_C +/P1 – 12 7.11 P1 – 2 / P1 – 10 Trigger +/- 7.12 P1 – 5 / P1 – 13 Unit_OK +/- 7.13 P1 – 8 GND Ground OC Unit OK Open Collector BITE Input-Output TTL Level with 300 Ω internal pull-up, Logic 1 = Unit OK Indicates the GO-NOGO state of the unit May be tied to other OC Unit OK to generate a global System OK when 2 or more CI F06 units are used 7.14 P1 – 15 Expander Waveform selection input RS-422 compatible input, 120 Ω differential impedance Compressor Waveform selection input RS-422 compatible input, 120 Ω differential impedance Trigger input Time reference = First clock rising edge following Trigger low to high transition. RS-422 compatible input, 120 Ω differential impedance BITE output RS-422 level, Logic 1 = Unit OK Indicates the GO-NOGO state of the unit P3 : MOLEX type 87833-1420 7.15 P3 JTAG JTAG interface for program download Oct 16th, 2015 CI F06 Expander and Compressor Revision B3 9/9 www.rakon.com