Microsemi LX8382A-33 10 a low dropout positiv e regulator Datasheet

LIN D O C #: 8382
LX8382-xx/8382A-xx
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DESCRIPTION
The LX8382/8382A series ICs are
positive regulators designed to provide
10A output current. All internal
circuitry is designed to operate down
to a 1V input-to-output differential, so
the LX8382/82A can operate with
greater efficiency than previously
available devices. The dropout voltage
for each product is fully specified as a
function of load current. Dropout is
guaranteed at a maximum of 1.4V
for the LX8382 and 1.2V for the
LX8382A at maximum output current,
decreasing at lower load currents.
Fixed versions are also available and
specified in the Available Options table
below. The LX8382/82A have 1%
initial voltage reference accuracy and
D
A T A
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H E E T
K E Y F E AT U R E S
■ THREE-TERMINAL ADJUSTABLE OR FIXED
OUTPUT VOLTAGE
■ GUARANTEED < 1.4V HEADROOM AT 10A
(LX8382)
■ GUARANTEED < 1.2V HEADROOM AT 10A
(LX8382A)
■ OUTPUT CURRENT OF 10A MINIMUM
p 0.015% LINE REGULATION
p 0.15% LOAD REGULATION
■ EVALUATION BOARD AVAILABLE:
REQUEST LXE9001 EVALUATION KIT
2% over line, load and temperature.
The LX8382/82A series devices are
pin-compatible with earlier 3-terminal
regulators, such as the 117 series
products. While a 10µF output
capacitor is required on both input and
output of these new devices, this
capacitor is generally included in most
regulator designs.
The LX8382/82A series quiescent
current flows into the load, thereby
increasing efficiency. This feature
contrasts with PNP regulators, where
up to 10% of the output current is
wasted as quiescent current. The
LX8382/82A-xxC is specified over the
commercial range of 0°C to +125°C.
A P P L I C AT I O N S
■ PENTIUM® PROCESSOR APPLICATIONS
■ POST REGULATORS FOR SWITCHING
POWER SUPPLIES
■ BATTERY CHARGERS
■ CONSTANT CURRENT REGULATORS
■ CYRIX® 6x86TM
■ AMD-K6 TM
■ HIGH-CURRENT MICROPROCESSORS
PRODUCT HIGHLIGHT
3.3V, 10A R E G U L AT O R
A VA I L A B L E O P T I O N S
VIN ≥ 4.75V
1500µF
6.3V
6MV1500GX
from Sanyo
IN
LX8382-xx
OUT
3.1V at 10A
121Ω
1%
ADJ
178Ω
1%
Part #
LX8382/8382A-00
LX8382/8382A-33
2x 330µF, 6.3V
Oscon SA type
from Sanyo
-or3x 1500µF, 6.3V
6MV1500GX
from Sanyo
PER
PAR T #
Output
Voltage
Adjustable
3.3V
Other voltage options may be available —
Please contact factory for details.
Application of the LX8382 for a high-current microprocessor (e.g. AMD-K6)
with less than 130mV dynamic response to a 7.5A load transient.
PA C K A G E O R D E R I N F O R M AT I O N
TA (°C)
0 to 125
Dropout
Voltage
TO-220
P Plastic
3-pin
TO-247
V Plastic
3-terminal
1.4V
LX8382-xxCP
LX8382-xxCV
1.2V
LX8382A-xxCP
LX8382A-xxCV
"xx" refers to output voltage, please see table above.
F O R F U R T H E R I N F O R M AT I O N C A L L ( 7 1 4 ) 8 9 8 - 8 1 2 1
Copyright © 1997
Rev. 1.0 8/97
11861 WESTERN A VENUE , G ARDEN G ROVE , CA. 92841
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PRODUCT DATABOOK 1996/1997
LX8382-xx
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PACKAGE PIN OUTS
(Note 1)
Power Dissipation .................................................................................. Internally Limited
Input Voltage ................................................................................................................ 10V
Input to Output Voltage Differential ........................................................................... 10V
Maximum Output Current ........................................................................................... 10A
Operating Junction Temperature
Plastic (P & V Packages) ....................................................................................... 150°C
Storage Temperature Range ...................................................................... -65°C to 150°C
Lead Temperature (Soldering, 10 seconds) ............................................................. 300°C
TAB IS V OUT
3
VIN
VOUT
ADJ / GND*
2
1
P PACKAGE
(Top View)
* Pin 1 is GND for fixed voltage versions.
Note 1. Exceeding these ratings could cause damage to the device. All voltages are with respect
to Ground. Currents are positive into, negative out of the specified terminal.
TAB ON REVERSE SIDE IS VOUT
T H E R MAL DATA
3
2
P PACKAGE:
1
THERMAL RESISTANCE-JUNCTION TO TAB, θJT
2.7°C/W
THERMAL RESISTANCE-JUNCTION TO AMBIENT, θ JA
60°C/W
VIN
VOUT
ADJ / GND*
V PACKAGE
(Top View)
* Pin 1 is GND for fixed voltage versions.
V PACKAGE:
THERMAL RESISTANCE-JUNCTION TO TAB, θJT
1.6°C/W
THERMAL RESISTANCE-JUNCTION TO AMBIENT, θ JA
35°C/W
Junction Temperature Calculation: TJ = TA + (PD x θJA).
The θ JA numbers are guidelines for the thermal performance of the device/pc-board system.
All of the above assume no ambient airflow.
BLOCK D IA GR A M
VIN
Bias
Circuit
Thermal
Limit Circuit
Bandgap
Circuit
Control
Circuit
Output
Circuit
VOUT
SOA Protection
Circuit
ADJ or
GND*
Current
Limit Circuit
* This pin GND for fixed voltage versions.
2
Copyright © 1997
Rev. 1.0 8/97
PRODUCT DATABOOK 1996/1997
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ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
(Unless otherwise specified, these specifications apply over the operating ambient temperatures for the LX8382/8382A-xxC with 0°C ≤ T A ≤ 125°C;
VIN - VOUT = 3V; IOUT = 10A. Low duty cycle pulse testing techniques are used which maintains junction and case temperatures equal to the ambient
temperature.)
LX8382-00 (Adjustable)
Parameter
Reference Voltage (Note 4)
Symbol
Test Conditions
VREF
IOUT = 10mA, TA = 25°C
10mA ≤ IOUT ≤ IOUT (MAX), 1.5V ≤ (VIN - VOUT), VIN ≤ 10V, P ≤ PMAX
Line Regulation (Note 2)
∆VREF (VIN) 1.5V ≤ (VIN - VOUT ), VIN ≤ 7V
Load Regulation (Note 2)
∆V REF VOUT ≥ V REF, VIN - VOUT = 3V, 10mA ≤ IOUT ≤ 10A, TA = 25°C
(IOUT) VIN - V OUT = 3V, 10mA ≤ IOUT ≤ 10A
Thermal Regulation
∆VOUT (Pwr) TA = 25°C, 20ms pulse
Ripple Rejection (Note 3)
VOUT = 5V, f =120Hz, COUT = 100µf Tantalum, VIN = 6.5V
CADJ = 10µF, TA = 25°C, IOUT = 10A
Adjust Pin Current
I ADJ
Adjust Pin Current Change (Note 4)
∆ IADJ 10mA ≤ IOUT ≤ IOUT (MAX) , 1.5V ≤ (VIN - VOUT), VIN ≤ 10V
Dropout Voltage
LX8382-00
∆V
∆VREF = 1%, IOUT = 10A
LX8382A-00
∆VREF = 1%, IOUT = 10A
Minimum Load Current
IOUT (MIN) VIN ≤ 10V
(VIN - VOUT) ≤ 7V
Maximum Output Current
IOUT (MAX)
Temperature Stability (Note 3)
∆VOUT (T)
Long Term Stability (Note 3)
∆VOUT (t) TA = 125°C, 1000 hours
RMS Output Noise (% of VOUT) (Note 3) VOUT (RMS) TA = 25°C, 10Hz ≤ f ≤ 10kHz
Min.
1.238
1.225
65
10
LX8382-00
Typ.
Max.
Units
1.250
1.250
0.015
0.15
0.3
0.01
83
1.262
1.270
0.2
0.4
0.5
0.02
V
V
%
%
%
%/W
dB
55
0.2
1.2
1.1
2
12
0.25
0.3
0.003
100
5
1.4
1.2
10
µA
µA
V
V
mA
A
%
%
%
1
LX8382-33 (3.3V Fixed)
Parameter
Output Voltage (Note 4)
Symbol
VOUT
Test Conditions
VIN = 5V, IOUT = 0mA, TA = 25°C
4.75V ≤ V IN ≤ 10V, 0mA ≤ IOUT ≤ 10A, P ≤ PMAX
Line Regulation (Note 2)
∆VOUT (V IN) 4.75V ≤ V IN ≤ 7V
Load Regulation (Note 2)
∆VOUT (IOUT) VIN = 5V, 0mA ≤ IOUT ≤ IOUT (MAX)
Thermal Regulation
∆VOUT (Pwr) TA = 25°C, 20ms pulse
Ripple Rejection (Note 3)
COUT = 100µF (Tantalum), IOUT = 10A
Quiescent Current
IQ
0mA ≤ IOUT ≤ IOUT (MAX) , 4.75V ≤ VIN ≤ 10V
Dropout Voltage
LX8382-33
∆V
∆VOUT = 1%, IOUT ≤ IOUT (MAX) , VIN ≤ 7V
LX8382A-33
∆VOUT = 1%, IOUT ≤ IOUT (MAX) , VIN ≤ 7V
Maximum Output Current
IOUT (MAX) VIN ≤ 7V
Temperature Stability (Note 3)
∆VOUT (T)
Long Term Stability (Note 3)
∆VOUT (t) TA = 125°C, 1000 hours
RMS Output Noise (% of VOUT) (Note 3) VOUT (RMS) TA = 25°C, 10Hz ≤ f ≤ 10kHz
Min.
3.267
3.235
60
10
LX8382-33
Typ.
Max.
3.3
3.3
1
5
0.01
83
4
12
0.25
0.3
0.003
3.333
3.365
6
15
0.02
10
1.4
1.2
1
Units
V
V
mV
mV
%/W
dB
mA
V
V
A
%
%
%
Note 2. Regulation is measured at constant junction temperature, using pulse testing with a low duty cycle. Changes in output voltage due to
heating effects are covered under the specification for thermal regulation.
Note 3. These parameters, although guaranteed, are not tested in production.
Note 4. See Maximum Output Current Section above.
Copyright © 1997
Rev. 1.0 8/97
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PRODUCT DATABOOK 1996/1997
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The LX8382/8382A series ICs are easy to use Low-Dropout (LDO)
voltage regulators. They have all of the standard self-protection
features expected of voltage regulators: short circuit protection,
safe operating area protection and automatic thermal shutdown
if the device temperature rises above approximately 165°C.
Use of an output capacitor is REQUIRED with the LX8382/82A
series. Please see the table below for recommended minimum
capacitor values.
These regulators offer a more tightly controlled reference
voltage tolerance and superior reference stability when measured
against the older pin-compatible regulator types that they replace.
STABILITY
The output capacitor is part of the regulator’s frequency compensation system. Many types of capacitors are available, with
different capacitance value tolerances, capacitance temperature
coefficients, and equivalent series impedances. For all operating
conditions, connection of a 220µF aluminum electrolytic capacitor
or a 47µF solid tantalum capacitor between the output terminal
and ground will guarantee stable operation.
If a bypass capacitor is connected between the output voltage
adjust (ADJ) pin and ground, ripple rejection will be improved
(please see the section entitled “RIPPLE REJECTION”). When ADJ
pin bypassing is used, the required output capacitor value
increases. Output capacitor values of 220µF (aluminum) or 47µF
(tantalum) provide for all cases of bypassing the ADJ pin. If an
ADJ pin bypass capacitor is not used, smaller output capacitor
values are adequate. The table below shows recommended
minimum capacitance values for stable operation.
RECOMMENDED CAPACITOR VALUES
INPUT
OUTPUT
ADJ
10µF
10µF
15µF Tantalum, 100µF Aluminum
47µF Tantalum, 220µF Aluminum
None
15µF
In order to ensure good transient response from the power supply
system under rapidly changing current load conditions, designers
generally use several output capacitors connected in parallel.
Such an arrangement serves to minimize the effects of the parasitic
resistance (ESR) and inductance (ESL) that are present in all
capacitors. Cost-effective solutions that sufficiently limit ESR and
ESL effects generally result in total capacitance values in the range
of hundreds to thousands of microfarads, which is more than
adequate to meet regulator output capacitor specifications. Output capacitance values may be increased without limit.
The circuit shown in Figure 1 can be used to observe the
transient response characteristics of the regulator in a power
system under changing loads. The effects of different capacitor
types and values on transient response parameters, such as
overshoot and undershoot, can be quickly compared in order to
develop an optimum solution.
4
Power Supply
IN
LX8382-xx
/82A-xx
OUT
ADJ
Minumum Load
(Larger resistor)
Full Load
(Smaller resistor)
RDSON << RL
Star Ground
10ms
1 sec
FIGURE 1 — DYNAMIC INPUT and OUTPUT TEST
OVERLOAD RECOVERY
Like almost all IC power regulators, the LX8382 regulators are
equipped with Safe Operating Area (SOA) protection. The SOA
circuit limits the regulator's maximum output current to progressively lower values as the input-to-output voltage difference
increases. By limiting the maximum output current, the SOA circuit
keeps the amount of power that is dissipated in the regulator itself
within safe limits for all values of input-to-output voltage within the
operating range of the regulator. The LX8382 SOA protection
system is designed to be able to supply some output current for all
values of input-to-output voltage, up to the device breakdown
voltage.
Under some conditions, a correctly operating SOA circuit may
prevent a power supply system from returning to regulated
operation after removal of an intermittent short circuit at the output
of the regulator. This is a normal mode of operation which can be
seen in most similar products, including older devices such as 7800
series regulators. It is most likely to occur when the power system
input voltage is relatively high and the load impedance is relatively
low.
When the power system is started “cold”, both the input and
output voltages are very close to zero. The output voltage closely
follows the rising input voltage, and the input-to-output voltage
difference is small. The SOA circuit therefore permits the regulator
to supply large amounts of current as needed to develop the
designed voltage level at the regulator output. Now consider the
case where the regulator is supplying regulated voltage to a resistive
load under steady state conditions. A moderate input-to-output
voltage appears across the regulator but the voltage difference is
small enough that the SOA circuitry allows sufficient current to flow
through the regulator to develop the designed output voltage across
the load resistance. If the output resistor is short-circuited to ground,
the input-to-output voltage difference across the regulator suddenly
becomes larger by the amount of voltage that had appeared across
the load resistor. The SOA circuit reads the increased input-tooutput voltage, and cuts back the amount of current that it will
permit the regulator to supply to its output terminal. When the short
circuit across the output resistor is removed, all the regulator output
current will again flow through the output resistor. The maximum
current that the regulator can supply to the resistor will be limited
by the SOA circuit, based on the large input-to-output voltage across
the regulator at the time the short circuit is removed from the output.
Copyright © 1997
Rev. 1.0 8/97
PRODUCT DATABOOK 1996/1997
LX8382-xx
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OVERLOAD RECOVERY (continued)
If this limited current is not sufficient to develop the designed
voltage across the output resistor, the voltage will stabilize at some
lower value, and willnever reach the designed value. Under these
circumstances, it may be necessary to cycle the input voltage
down to zero in order to make the regulator output voltage return
to regulation.
C = 1 / (6.28 * FR * R1)
≡ the value of the capacitor in Farads;
select an equal or larger standard value.
FR ≡ the ripple frequency in Hz
R1 ≡ the value of resistor R1 in ohms
where: C
At a ripple frequency of 120Hz, with R1 = 100Ω:
C = 1 / (6.28 * 120Hz * 100Ω) = 13.3µF
The closest equal or larger standard value should be used, in this
case, 15µF.
When an ADJ pin bypass capacitor is used, output ripple
amplitude will be essentially independent of the output voltage. If
an ADJ pin bypass capacitor is not used, output ripple will be
proportional to the ratio of the output voltage to the reference
voltage:
M = VOUT/VREF
where: M
VREF
≡ a multiplier for the ripple seen when the
ADJ pin is optimally bypassed.
= 1.25V.
For example, if VOUT = 2.5V the output ripple will be:
M = 2.5V/1.25V= 2
R1
R2
FIGURE 2 — BASIC ADJUSTABLE REGULATOR
LOAD REGULATION
Because the LX8382/82A regulators are three-terminal devices, it
is not possible to provide true remote load sensing. Load
regulation will be limited by the resistance of the wire connecting
the regulator to the load. The data sheet specification for load
regulation is measured at the bottom of the package. Negative
side sensing is a true Kelvin connection, with the bottom of the
output divider returned to the negative side of the load. Although
it may not be immediately obvious, best load regulation is
obtained when the top of the resistor divider, (R1), is connected
directly to the case of the regulator, not to the load. This is
illustrated in Figure 3. If R1 were connected to the load, the
effective resistance between the regulator and the load would be:
RPeff = RP *
 R2+R1
 R1 
where: RP ≡ Actual parasitic line resistance.
When the circuit is connected as shown in Figure 3, the parasitic
resistance appears as its actual value, rather than the higher RPeff.
VIN
LX8382/82A-xx
OUT
IN
ADJ
RP
Parasitic
Line Resistance
R1
OUTPUT VOLTAGE
R2
Copyright © 1997
Rev. 1.0 8/97
VREF
VOUT = VREF 1 + R2 + IADJ R2
R1
Output ripple will be twice as bad as it would be if the ADJ pin
were to be bypassed to ground with a properly selected capacitor.
The LX8382/82A ICs develop a 1.25V reference voltage between the
output and the adjust terminal (See Figure 2). By placing a resistor, R1,
between these two terminals, a constant current is caused to flow
through R1 and down through R2 to set the overall output voltage.
Normally this current is the specified minimum load current of 10mA.
Because IADJ is very small and constant when compared with the current
through R1, it represents a small error and can usually be ignored.
VOUT
IADJ
50µA
RIPPLE REJECTION
Ripple rejection can be improved by connecting a capacitor
between the ADJ pin and ground. The value of the capacitor should
be chosen so that the impedance of the capacitor is equal in
magnitude to the resistance of R1 at the ripple frequency. The
capacitor value can be determined by using this equation:
LX8382/82A-xx
OUT
IN
ADJ
VIN
Connect
R1 to Case
of Regulator
RL
Connect
R2
to Load
FIGURE 3 — CONNECTIONS FOR BEST LOAD REGULATION
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LOAD REGULATION (continued)
Even when the circuit is optimally configured, parasitic resistance
can be a significant source of error. A 100 mil (2.54 mm) wide PC
trace built from 1 oz. copper-clad circuit board material has a
parasitic resistance of about 5 milliohms per inch of its length at
room temperature. If a 3-terminal regulator used to supply 2.50 volts
is connected by 2 inches of this trace to a load which draws 5 amps
of current, a 50 millivolt drop will appear between the regulator and
the load. Even when the regulator output voltage is precisely
2.50 volts, the load will only see 2.45 volts, which is a 2% error. It
is important to keep the connection between the regulator output
pin and the load as short as possible, and to use wide traces or
heavy-gauge wire.
The minimum specified output capacitance for the regulator
should be located near the reglator package. If several capacitors
are used in parallel to construct the power system output capacitance, any capacitors beyond the minimum needed to meet the
specified requirements of the regulator should be located near the
sections of the load that require rapidly-changing amounts of
current. Placing capacitors near the sources of load transients will
help ensure that power system transient response is not impaired
by the effects of trace impedance.
To maintain good load regulation, wide traces should be used on
the input side of the regulator, especially between the input
capacitors and the regulator. Input capacitor ESR must be small
enough that the voltage at the input pin does not drop below VIN (MIN)
during transients.
can be used, as long as its added contribution to thermal resistance
is considered. Note that the case of all devices in this series is
electrically connected to the output.
Example
Given: VIN = 5V
VOUT = 2.8V, IOUT = 5.0A
Ambient Temp., TA = 50°C
RθJT = 2.7°C/W for TO-220
300 ft/min airflow available
Find: Proper Heat Sink to keep IC's junction
temperature below 125°C.**
Solution: The junction temperature is:
TJ = PD (RθJT + RθCS + R θSA) + TA
where: PD ≡ Dissipated power.
RθJT ≡ Thermal resistance from the junction to the
mounting tab of the package.
RθCS ≡ Thermal resistance through the interface
between the IC and the surface on which
it is mounted. (1.0°C/W at 6 in-lbs
mounting screw torque.)
RθSA ≡ Thermal resistance from the mounting surface
to ambient (thermal resistance of the heat sink).
TS ≡ Heat sink temperature.
TJ
VIN (MIN) = VOUT + VDROPOUT (MAX)
≡ the lowest allowable instantaneous
voltage at the input pin.
≡ the designed output voltage for the
VOUT
power supply system.
VDROPOUT (MAX) ≡ the specified dropout voltage
for the installed regulator.
where: VIN (MIN)
RθJT
6
TS
RθCS
TA
RθSA
First, find the maximum allowable thermal resistance of the
heat sink:
TJ - TA
- (RθJT + R θCS )
RθSA =
PD
PD
THERMAL CONSIDERATIONS
The LX8382 regulators have internal power and thermal limiting
circuitry designed to protect each device under overload conditions.
For continuous normal load conditions, however, maximum junction temperature ratings must not be exceeded. It is important to
give careful consideration to all sources of thermal resistance from
junction to ambient. This includes junction to case, case to heat sink
interface, and heat sink thermal resistance itself.
Junction-to-case thermal resistance is specified from the IC
junction to the back surface of the case directly opposite the die.
This is the lowest resistance path for heat flow. Proper mounting
is required to ensure the best possible thermal flow from this area
of the package to the heat sink. Thermal compound at the case-toheat-sink interface is strongly recommended. If the case of the
device must be electrically isolated, a thermally conductive spacer
TC
RθSA
= (VIN(MAX) - VOUT) I OUT = (5.0V-2.8V) * 5.0A
= 11.0W
125°C - 50°C
=
- (2.7°C/W + 1.0°C/W)
(5.0V-2.8V) * 5.0A
= 3.1°C/W
Next, select a suitable heat sink. The selected heat sink must have
RθSA ≤ 3.1°C/W. Thermalloy heatsink 6296B has RθSA = 3.0°C/W with
300ft/min air flow.
Finally, verify that junction temperature remains within specification using the selected heat sink:
TJ = 11W (2.7°C/W + 1.0°C/W + 3.0°C/W) + 50°C = 124°C
** Although the device can operate up to 150°C junction, it is recommended for long term reliability to keep the junction temperature
below 125°C whenever possible.
Copyright © 1997
Rev. 1.0 8/97
PRODUCT DATABOOK 1996/1997
LX8382-xx
1 0 A L O W D R O P O U T P O S I T I V E R E G U L AT O R S
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T Y P I C A L A P P L I C AT I O N S
(Note A)
VIN
10µF
LX8382/82A-xx
OUT
IN
ADJ
* C1 improves ripple rejection.
XC should be ≈ R1 at ripple
frequency.
5V
R1
121Ω
1%
R2
365Ω
1%
VOUT
LX8382/82A-xx
OUT
IN
ADJ
VIN
(Note A)
150µF
C1*
10µF
VOUT**
R1
121Ω
R2
1k
C1
10µF*
C2
100µF
* Needed if device is far from filter capacitors.
** VOUT = 1.25V 1 + R2
R1
FIGURE 4 — IMPROVING RIPPLE REJECTION
FIGURE 5 — 1.2V - 8V ADJUSTABLE REGULATOR
LX8382/82A-xx
OUT
IN
ADJ
VIN
(Note A)
5V
121Ω
1%
100µF
10µF
TTL
Output
1k
2N3904
1k
365Ω
1%
FIGURE 6 — 5V REGULATOR WITH SHUTDOWN
VIN
IN
10µF Tantalum
or 100µF Aluminum
LX8382/82A-33
OUT
GND
3.3V
Min. 15µF Tantalum or
100µF Aluminum capacitor.
May be increased without
limit. ESR must be less
than 50mΩ.
FIGURE 7 — FIXED 3.3V OUTPUT REGULATOR
Note A: VIN (MIN) = (Intended VOUT) + (VDROPOUT (MAX))
Pentium is a registered trademark of Intel Corporation.
Cyrix is a registered trademark and 6x86 is a trademark of Cyrix Corporation. K6 is a trademark of AMD.
PRODUCTION DATA - Information contained in this document is proprietary to Linfinity, and is current as of publication date. This document
may not be modified in any way without the express written consent of Linfinity. Product processing does not necessarily include testing of
all parameters. Linfinity reserves the right to change the configuration and performance of the product and to discontinue product at any time.
Copyright © 1997
Rev. 1.0 8/97
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