MLX90292 SMD Programmable Linear Hall Sensor IC PWM / PAS4 / PSI5-A Application Examples Features and Benefits Programmable Hall effect sensor 12-bit magnetic flux density 8-bit temperature (PAS4 & PSI-5) Extensive diagnostic Embedded µ-controller Piecewise linearization Dual die for redundancy (safety) Measurement range from ±30mT to ±170mT Programmable through the connector Dual customer area for supply chain split Over 48 bit customer IDs available TSSOP16 SMD package RoHS compliant Lead free component, suitable for lead free soldering profile 260°C R otary position sensor Linear position sensor Ordering Code Product Code MLX90292 MLX90292 Temperature Code L L Package Code GO GO Option Code CAE-000 CAE-000 Packing Form Code RE TU Legend: Temperature Code: Package Code: Option Code: Packing Form: L for Temperature Range -40°C to 150°C GO for TSSOP16 xxx-000: Standard version RE for Reel TU for Tube Ordering example: MLX90292LGO-CAE-000-RE Rev. 2 Page 1 of 27 Mar/12 MLX90292 SMD Programmable Linear Hall Sensor IC PWM / PAS4 / PSI5-A 1. Functional Diagram ROM - F/W Figure 1: Functional Block Diagram 2. Description The MLX90292 is a CMOS Hall sens sor with embedded µController. With its specific architecture rchitecture and the help of a dedicated firmware, the magnetic flux density perpendicular to the chip ssurface can be measured. It is designed for contact ntact-less magnetic flux measurement that is frequent uently required in automotive electrical power steering applications. a The MLX90292 is a dual die ie and the following fol specification is valid for both die. The front-end part of the sensor me easures the perpendicular magnetic field and conv converts it into digital data. This data is pre-calibrated (offset, (of sensitivity matching, temperature correctio tion) and is then transmitted over a digital interface to the electronic electron control unit (ECU). Rev. 2 Page 2 of 27 Mar/12 MLX90292 SMD Programmable Linear Hall Sensor IC PWM / PAS4 / PSI5-A TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. FUNCTIONAL DIAGRAM...................................................................................................................... 2 2. DESCRIPTION....................................................................................................................................... 2 3. GLOSSARY OF TERMS ....................................................................................................................... 4 4. PIN DESCRIPTION................................................................................................................................ 5 5. ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS ....................................................................................................... 5 6. MLX90292 ELECTRICAL SPECIFICATIONS ...................................................................................... 6 7. MLX90292 PIN SPECIFICATIONS ....................................................................................................... 7 8. TIMING SPECIFICATION PAS4 / PSI5-A............................................................................................. 7 9. TIMING SPECIFICATION PWM ............................................................................................................ 9 10. SENSOR SPECIFICATIONS............................................................................................................... 10 11. DESCRIPTION OF THE MLX90292 FUNCTIONS/BLOCKS ............................................................. 11 11.1. 11.2. 11.3. 11.4. FILTERING ................................................................................................................................................ 11 SELF TEST ................................................................................................................................................ 11 POR ......................................................................................................................................................... 11 CHARTER OF FUNCTIONAL STATUS .......................................................................................................... 11 12. EEPROM.............................................................................................................................................. 12 12.1. 12.2. TABLE OF CONTENT ................................................................................................................................. 12 EEPROM LOCK-MECHANISM .................................................................................................................. 14 13. INTERFACES ...................................................................................................................................... 14 13.1. PAS4 / PSI5-A INTERFACE ...................................................................................................................... 14 13.1.1. Protocol: Manchester Code ................................................................................................................ 14 13.1.2. Data Packages..................................................................................................................................... 15 13.1.3. Data Ranges ........................................................................................................................................ 19 13.1.4. Continuous Transmission (Normal Operation) ................................................................................... 20 13.1.5. Transmission after Reset (Power-On) ................................................................................................. 20 13.2. PROGRAMMING IN PWM MODE................................................................................................................ 20 14. RECOMMENDED APPLICATION DIAGRAMS .................................................................................. 22 14.1. 14.2. PAS4, PSI5-A AND 2-WIRE PWM............................................................................................................ 22 3-WIRE PWM ........................................................................................................................................... 23 15. STANDARD INFORMATION REGARDING MANUFACTURABILITY OF MELEXIS PRODUCTS WITH DIFFERENT SOLDERING PROCESSES ........................................................................................ 24 16. ESD PRECAUTIONS........................................................................................................................... 24 17. PACKAGE INFORMATION ................................................................................................................. 25 17.1. 17.2. TSSOP16 – PACKAGE DIMENSIONS ......................................................................................................... 25 TSSOP16 – PINOUT AND SENSITIVE SPOT POSITIONING ........................................................................... 26 18. DISCLAIMER ....................................................................................................................................... 27 Rev. 2 Page 3 of 27 Mar/12 MLX90292 SMD Programmable Linear Hall Sensor IC PWM / PAS4 / PSI5-A 3. Glossary of Terms Gauss (G), Tesla (T): Magnetic flux density units where 1 mT = 10 G. ADC: Analog-to-Digital Converter ASP: Analog Signal Processing DSP: Digital Signal Processing EEPROM: Electrically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory ESD: Electro-Static Discharge µC: Micro-controller MUX: Multiplexer OSC: Oscillator RAM: Random Access Memory TC: Sensitivity Temperature Coefficient (in ppm/Deg.C.). POR: Power On Reset PSI: Peripheral Sensor Interface PAS: Peripheral Acceleration Interface S/W: Firmware H/W: Hardware Rev. 2 Page 4 of 27 Mar/12 MLX90292 SMD Programmable Linear Hall Sensor IC PWM / PAS4 / PSI5-A 4. Pin description The MLX90292 is available as a 16-pin dual die package, with the following pinout. Pin # 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 Name VSS_1 N/C OUT_1 TESTANA_2 MUST1_1 MUST0_2 VDD_2 VDEC_2 VSS_2 OUT_2 N/C TESTANA_1 MUST1_1 MUST0_1 VDD_1 VDEC_1 I/O G O O I I S S G O O I I S S Description Die 1 x Ground Not used Digital output, open drain For Test For Test For Test Power supply connection Regulated Supply Ground Digital output, open drain Not used For Test For Test For Test Power supply connection Regulated Supply Die 2 x x x x x x x x x x x x x 5. Absolute Maximum Ratings Parameter Note: Value Supply Voltage, Vdd 18 V Reverse Voltage Protection - 10 V Reverse Output Current 400 µA Operating Ambient Temperature Range, TA -40°C .. 125 °C Storage Temperature Range, TS -50°C .. 125 °C Storage time 10 years Processability Time - Note 1) 2 years 1) Time counted from package date code during which the correct process ability is guaranteed. Exceeding t h e a b s o l u t e m a x i m u m r a t i n g s m a y c a u s e p e r m a n e n t d a m a g e . Exposure t o a b s o l u t e maximum rated conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. Rev. 2 Page 5 of 27 Mar/12 MLX90292 SMD Programmable Linear Hall Sensor IC PWM / PAS4 / PSI5-A 6. MLX90292 Electrical Specifications DC Operating Parameters at Vdd = + 6V and for TA = – 40°C… + 125°C (unless otherwise specified) Parameter Symbol Test Conditions Min Typ Max Units Supply Voltage Operating Supply Voltage Vdd 4.6 8.7 V Regulated Supply Voltage Vdec Note 1) 3.0 3.6 V POR Refer to Vdig 2.5 3.3 V 13 19 mA 43 90 mA 43 64 mA - 19 mA 22 30 mA 4.6 V 1.0 V 15 ms Por Level Por Level Hysteresis PORHY 0.1 Supply Current normal operation (PAS4 & PWM) Nominal, Iddlow Iddhigh1 Iddlow Iddhigh1 high level with 200Ω between OUT and Vdd. Supply Current optional operation (PSI5-A) Nominal, Iddlow Delta_I Iddlow Delta_Idd high level with 920Ω between OUT and Vdd Startup Level (related to external Vdd, Pin1) Startup level Startup Hysteresis 4.4 SUhigh SUhys Note 2) tstartup Note 3) 0.5 Startup Time Startup Time Switch point for Extra Internal current for PAS4 (related to external Vdd) Switch point Switch point Hysteresis SP 6 SPhys 0.3 V 1 V Programming Entry level Programming Supply Voltage Vddprog Start of programming Programming Supply Voltage Vddproghys Hysteresis 9.5 V 0.3 V Notes: 1) Supply for IC, external connection to capacitor only 2) The Hysteresis voltage is specified as measured in test mode; in application the value is approximately reduced by the Iddhigh1 multiplied by the line resistance. 3) Time elapsed between Startup and First Data package sending Rev. 2 Page 6 of 27 Mar/12 MLX90292 SMD Programmable Linear Hall Sensor IC PWM / PAS4 / PSI5-A 7. MLX90292 Pin Specifications DC Operating Parameters at Vdd = +6V and for TA = – 40°C… + 125°C (unless otherwise specified) Parameter Symbol Test Conditions Min Typ Max Units Digital Outputs Open Drain (Pull-up Resistor needed) Compliance current Compliance Voltage Icompl 55 Driver ON, VOUT= +6V Vcompl1 mA Driver OFF, Max allowed voltage on OUT = 14V Saturation Voltage Vsat Driver ON Iout= 50mA Leakage Current Ileak Driver OFF – Vout = Vpullup = 8V V 13 0.2 0.8 V 1 100 µA 8. Timing Specification PAS4 / PSI5-A DC Operating Parameters at Vdd = +6V and for TA = – 40°C… + 125°C (unless otherwise specified) Parameter Clock deviation Symbol Test Conditions Tfall-rise Mark/Space Ratio Ratio Typ -5 CLKdev Fall/Rise Time Current Slope Min Strongly depends on external components, 20%..80% (of < Idd) (Tfall,80 – Trise,20) / TBIT Max Units 5 % 100 200 300 ns 47 50 53 % (Tfall,20 – Trise,80) / TBIT Normal operation Frame update rate Signal latency Framerate Siglat Transmission Speed Note 1) 1.9 2 2.1 kHz 342 380 418 µs 238 250 262 kbit / s TBIT Note 4) 3.8 4 4.2 µs Half Bit Time TBhalf Note 4) 1.9 2 2.1 µs Frame Gap Time TFGAP TGAP >TBIT Note 2) 4.2 8 Package Gap Time TPGAP Note 2) 254 268 282 µs 0.95 1 1.05 kHz 796 884 972 µs Bit Time TRspeed µs Optional operation Frame update rate Signal latency Framerate Siglat Transmission Speed Note 1) 119 125 131 kbit / s TBIT Note 4) 7.6 8 8.4 µs Half Bit Time TBhalf Note 4) 3.8 4 4.2 µs Frame Gap Time TFGAP TGAP >TBIT Note 3) 8.4 16 Package Gap Time TPGAP Note 3) 508 536 Bit Time TRspeed µs 564 µs Note: 1) 2) 3) 4) Rev. 2 Signal latency is defined as the time between the second half of the sampling integration time interval of the Hall plate voltage and the transmission of the last bit of the data package See Figure 2. See Figure 3. See Figure 4. Page 7 of 27 Mar/12 MLX90292 1 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 1 D6 D5 0 0 D6 0 0 D7 D8 D8 1 D9 D9 D7 D10 D10 0 D11 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 SMD Programmable Linear Hall Sensor IC PWM / PAS4 / PSI5-A 1 D11 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Figure 2: Signal timing (frame), PAS4/PSI5-A normal operation Figure 3: Signal timing (frame), PAS4/PSI5-A optional operation. Half Bit Bi time Half Bit time Bit time 80%∆Idd 80%∆Idd ∆Idd 20%∆Idd 20%∆Idd Bit time Figure 4: Bit Time definitions. Rev. 2 Page 8 of 27 Mar/12 MLX90292 SMD Programmable Linear Hall Sensor IC PWM / PAS4 / PSI5-A 9. Timing Specification PWM DC Operating Parameters at Vdd = + 6V and for TA = – 40°C… + 125°C (unless otherwise specified) Parameter Symbol Fall/Rise Time Current Slope Tfall-rise Test Conditions Strongly depends on external components, 20%..80% (of < Is) Min Typ 100 Max Units 300 ns Normal PWM operation PWM frequency Signal Latency (note 1) with EE_PWM_Freq = 0 or 7 1.8 2 2.2 kHz with EE_PWM_Freq = 1 0.9 1 1.1 kHz with EE_PWM_Freq = 2 450 500 550 Hz PWM_Freq with EE_PWM_Freq = 3 360 400 440 Hz with EE_PWM_Freq = 4 225 250 275 Hz with EE_PWM_Freq = 5 180 200 220 Hz with EE_PWM_Freq = 6 112 125 138 Hz with EE_PWM_Freq = 0 or 7 792 880 968 µs Siglat with EE_PWM_Freq = 1 1.692 1.88 2.068 ms with EE_PWM_Freq = 2 3.492 3.88 4.268 ms with EE_PWM_Freq = 3 4.392 4.88 5.368 ms with EE_PWM_Freq = 4 7.092 7.88 8.668 ms with EE_PWM_Freq = 5 8.892 9.88 10.87 ms with EE_PWM_Freq = 6 14.29 15.88 17.47 ms PWM upper diagnostic Range Diag_High 98 % PWM lower diagnostic Rangel Diag_Low 2 % PWM signal operating Range Sig_Range Note 2) PWM Resolution PWM_Res Note: 1) 2) 3 97 12 % Bits Signal latency is defined as the time between the second half of the sampling integration time interval of the Hall plate voltage of cycle N and the end of the next PWM cycle N+1. Represents the value of the Duty Cycle Figure 5: Signal timing (frame), PWM operation Rev. 2 Page 9 of 27 Mar/12 MLX90292 SMD Programmable Linear Hall Sensor IC PWM / PAS4 / PSI5-A 10. Sensor Specifications DC Operating Parameters at Vdd = + 6V and for TA = – 40°C… + 125°C (unless otherwise specified) Parameter Symbol Test Conditions Min Typ Max Units Magnetic Sensor Linearity error LinG Note 1) Effective number of bits Bitseff. No Filter active Offset Drift Bdrift Note 1) Gain Drift Gdrift Note 1) Gain Aging Gaging Sensitivity range Frange Field Range 9.4 0.2 % 10 bits -2 37 LSB12 2 % -0.5 0.5 % +/- 30 +/- 170 mT -50 155 o +10 o Thermometer Temperature Range Temperature accuracy Temperature resolution Trange -10 Tacc1 Tresolution 8 bits 0 Rev. 2 C The linearity error is the signal deviation (full scale) to the regression line The offset error is the signal deviation (Full scale) at zero field. The Gain drift is the deviation from the Gain nominal value (0h; 25°C). Page 10 of 27 C o 0.8 Note: 1) 2) 3) C Mar/12 MLX90292 SMD Programmable Linear Hall Sensor IC PWM / PAS4 / PSI5-A 11. Description of the MLX90292 functions/blocks 11.1. Filtering The MLX90292 has a build in filter which takes care of the suppression of the signal noise. For the reason of trade-off between signal dynamics the filtering is programmable. A FIR filtering will be used for this, which enables several cut-of frequencies and signal latencies. 11.2. Self Test The MLX90292 has some build in self-test features, which check the RAM, ROM, EEPROM for its correct storage function. The MLX90292 has also a watch-dog. The ROM and EEPROM are checked during operation, this is a background process. The duration of one check is 100ms. 11.3. POR The POR is needed for the reset of the analog part and digital part of the MLX90292.The POR is supplied by the internally regulated supply Vdec. There is no built-in delay on the POR circuitry (such as debouncing), so the POR is designed to put the IC in reset whenever the regulated supply falls below a specified threshold. 11.4. Charter of Functional Status Range Voltage (V) Current Functional status Reverse Voltage Idle 0 … -10 0 … 2,7 Below 400 µA normal IC <IddLow max C C POR Transition Normal 2,7 … 4,8 4,8 … 8.9 <IddHigh max <IddHigh max C A Over Voltage Transition Safety in overvoltage range 8.9 … 9.5 > 9.5 Mixture from Idd low and Idd high. Programming Idd modulation A C Rev. 2 Page 11 of 27 A C Mar/12 MLX90292 SMD Programmable Linear Hall Sensor IC PWM / PAS4 / PSI5-A 12. EEPROM 12.1. Table of content MELEXIS PARAMETERS Parameter Number of Bits Description MLXLOCK 8 Melexis EEPROM area lock byte DISEECRC 8 Disable the EEPROM CRC check MLXCALIBMODE 8 Calibration mode selection MLXCONFIG 8 Configuration settings for the digital THERMOOFFS25 15 Temperature sensor offset trimming THERMOSLOPEHOT 16 Temperature sensor thermal drift at hot trimming THERMOSLOPECOLD 16 Temperature sensor thermal drift at cold trimming MLXOK 1 Calibration successful flag OSCTRIM 5 Oscillator frequency trimming EXTRAIDDLOW 2 Idd_low trimming for PAS4 mode ANASAMPLES 2 Analog sampling time trimming ANADURATION 2 Analog integration duration trimming EXTRAIDDHIGHPSI 3 Idd_high trimming in PSI5 mode for low Vdd ITRIM 4 ASIC current reference trimming IPLATE 4 Hall plate temperature independent biasing current TRIMCTAT 5 Temperature dependent current source trimming EXTRAIDDHIGHPAS 3 Idd_high trimming in PAS4 mode for low Vdd TC1ST 7 Hall plate current biasing trimming PLATEPOL 1 Polarity of the Hall plate biasing TC2ND 5 Hall plate current biasing trimming MLXOFFSET 16 Temperature independent offset correction factor OFFSLOPEHOT 16 Thermal offset drift compensation at hot OFFSLOPECOLD 16 Thermal offset drift compensation at cold SENSSLOPEHOT 16 Thermal sensitivity drift compensation at hot SENSSLOPECOLD 16 Thermal sensitivity drift compensation at cold MLXID0 16 Melexis identification number MLXID1 16 Melexis identification number MLXID2 16 Melexis identification number CUSTOMER PARAMETERS Parameter Number of Bits Description PCUSTID0 16 Primary customer identification number PCUSTID1 16 Primary customer identification number PCUSTID2 16 Primary customer identification number PCUSTLOCK 8 Primary customer EEPROM area lock byte DIEID 1 Indication of die in the dual-die package PWMPOL 1 PWM polarity bit Rev. 2 Page 12 of 27 Mar/12 MLX90292 SMD Programmable Linear Hall Sensor IC PWM / PAS4 / PSI5-A OPM 3 Operation mode determining output protocol PCOK 1 Calibration successful flag FILTER 4 FIR filter selection PWMFREQ 3 PWM frequency THERMOOFFSETCORR 8 Temperature sensor offset correction THERMOHOTCORR 16 Temperature sensor drift at hot correction THERMOCOLDCORR 16 Temperature sensor drift at cold correction MANUFCOUNTVALUE 8 Number of manufacturing data packages at startup TA 15 Temperature pivot point between TC1hot and cold TCSENSHOT 16 Thermal sensitivity drift compensation for T>TA TCSENSCOLD 16 Thermal sensitivity drift compensation for T<TA TCOFFSET 16 Temperature drift compensation of the offset PCUSTPARAM0 16 Free parameter END CUSTOMER PARAMETERS Parameter Number of Bits Description ECUSTLOCK 8 End customer EEPROM area lock ECOK 1 Calibration successful flag S3 1 PAS4/PSI5 data package information bit ROUGHGAIN 3 Analog gain DIAGSIDE 2 Defines the diagnostics’ duty cycles in PWM mode ECUSTOFFSET 16 Offset correction factor XA 14 Sensitivity S-curve pivot point TOOBENABLE 2 Defines if temperature out of bounds detection is enabled in PWM mode SLOPE1 16 Sensitivity in the range [-XA .. XA] SLOPE2 16 Sensitivity outside the range [-XA .. XA] SLOPE3 16 Sensitivity for B < -XA only in PWM mode CLAMPLOW 16 Low clamping value (only useful in PWM mode) CLAMPHIGH 16 High clamping value (only useful in PWM mode) TOOBLOW 8 Low temperature threshold for PWM diagnostics TOOBHIGH 8 High temperature threshold for PWM diagnostics ECUSTPARAM0 16 Free parameter ECUSTPARAM1 16 Free parameter ECUSTPARAM2 16 Free parameter ECUSTPARAM3 16 Free parameter ECUSTPARAM4 16 Free parameter ECUSTPARAM5 16 Free parameter ECUSTPARAM6 16 Free parameter ECUSTPARAM7 16 Free parameter ECUSTID0 16 Free parameter ECUSTID1 16 Free parameter ECUSTID2 16 Free parameter CRC 16 EEPROM Cyclic Redundancy Check Rev. 2 Page 13 of 27 Mar/12 MLX90292 SMD Programmable Linear Hall Sensor IC PWM / PAS4 / PSI5-A 12.2. EEPROM Lock-mechanism In order to support longer supply chains due to sequential assembly, the EEPROM space has been divided in 3 areas. There is 1 byte for each of the 3 EEPROM areas in the EEPROM to control area locking: The Melexis part: MLXLOCK The Primary Customer part: PCUSTLOCK The End Customer part: ECUSTLOCK In case these lock bytes are 00h, the customer further down the supply chain can still modify the EEPROM area of its supplier. In case the locks are written, the customer will only have access to his part of the EEPROM. It is possible to only lock a part of the EEPROM by writing a non-zero value in the lock byte. By writing 06h in EEPROM, the first 6 addresses of that EEPROM area are write-protected, but the other addresses remain accessible. Some unlock keys are available when using the programming equipment to overrule these EEPROM lock bytes. 13. Interfaces The MLX90292 supports multiple output protocols. At one side of the spectrum there are the PAS4 and PSI5-A digital protocols, which mainly differ from one and other through the value of the resistive pull-up resistor on the open-drain output. This difference has an impact on the specifications of both protocols when it comes to defining the range of the low and high currents: PAS4 specifies a separate range for both the Idd_low and Idd_high PSI5-A specifies a range on the difference between Idd_low and Idd_high, i.e. on Idd_delta The other type of communication protocol is PWM. Here as well, a 2-wire variant exists which requires pull-up resistors in the range of the PAS4/PSI5-A protocols in order to accommodate a good noise margin between both levels? Then there is also the conventional 3-wire PWM protocol that supports the typical higher impedant pull-up values such as 4K7 ohms and 10K ohms. The demodulation at receiver side is then no longer current based, but becomes voltage based. The user can select the desired communication protocol via EEPROM, through the parameter OPM. 13.1. PAS4 / PSI5-A Interface The interface PAS4 / PSI5-A is a unidirectional asynchronous digital current (two-wire) interface. It is used for point-to-point connections in automotive environments. Timing and repetition rate of the data transmission are controlled by the device. The user can program both 1kHz and 2kHz data rate. Data transmission from the device to the ECU is done by current modulation on the power supply lines. When no data package is sent, i.e. the interface is in idle mode, the interface shall draw no current additional to the supply current (Idd_low) in order to prevent unnecessary heating of the device. 13.1.1. Protocol: Manchester Code Data transmission is done in Manchester code. This ensures that in the middle of each bit an edge is present, allowing the receiver ECU to synchronize easily on the transmissions of the Hall IC. Rev. 2 Page 14 of 27 Mar/12 MLX90292 SMD Programmable Linear Hall Sensor IC PWM / PAS4 / PSI5-A Transmission is also quite insensitive to tolerances of the oscillator frequency. A logic "1" is represented with a falling Idd edge in the middle of the bit. A logic "0" is represented with a rising Idd edge in the middle of the bit. See also Figure 6 Figure 6: Manchester code One frame consists of 13 bits. All frames start with two bits logic”=0”. The two following bits identify the frame number inside one data package. There are 4 frames per package, and the datarate is specified as packages per unit of time. At the end of every frame a parity bit is generated. Odd/even parity is used depending on the type of package (measurement data or manufacturing data), so the receiver has the ability to detect 1 error per frame. The encoder generates the appropriate timing for the messages to be sent and controls the communication interface accordingly. For an example see also Figure 7. For a gap time between two frames see chapter 8. Data Transmission Manchester Code, Parity Bit frame S1 „0 “ S 2 „0 L 1 „1 L 2 „1 D 1 „1 D 2 „0 D 3 „0 D 4 „1 D 5 „1 D 6 „1 D 7 „1 D 8 „0 P 1 „0 I High I TBI Manchester Code, Parity Bit T S1 „0 “ S2 „0 “ L 1 „1 L 2 „1 D 1 „1 D 2 „0 D 3 „0 D 4 „1 D 5 „1 D 6 „1 D 7 „1 D 8 „0 P1 „1 “ I High I TBI T Figure 7: Example data frames 13.1.2. Data Packages Two types of data packages exist: Rev. 2 Manufacturing data package Measurement data package Page 15 of 27 Mar/12 MLX90292 SMD Programmable Linear Hall Sensor IC PWM / PAS4 / PSI5-A 13.1.2.1. Manufacturing Data Package The manufacturing package contains the values of the EEPROM registers. The values are transmitted in byte data format. The initial manufacturing package contains two bytes, the following packages contain three bytes of EEPROM data. A manufacturing data package consists of 4 frames each having a label for identification. An odd parity bit is used for detection of transmission errors. The initial manufacturing package includes the error and status information in the second frame. The following packages only have an OK information bit followed by the package counter and three bytes containing the EEPROM information. With the counter a failure of the package transmission order can be detected. With the help of the counter the data can be allocated to the EEPROM registers. The package counter starts with the first package, giving the receiver the possibility to detect if a certain package was lost, and thus the ability to reconstruct a proper EEPROM table. The MANUF_COUNT_VALUE parameter in EEPROM defines the number of data packages that will be transmitted at startup. Startup in this case is defined as coming out of reset, i.e. out of POR. In case the supply was below the startup voltage, but still above the POR threshold, and goes back to the normal operating range, the measurement data packages will be resumed without sending manufacturing data packages first. Initial Manufacturing Data Package St2 St1 W2 W1 1 0 0 1 1 2 0 0 1 0 3 0 0 0 1 4 0 0 0 0 12 11 10 9 Package 2 … n-1 St2 St1 1 0 0 2 0 0 W2 1 1 W1 1 0 3 0 0 0 1 4 0 0 0 0 12 11 10 9 Last Manufacturing Data Package St2 St1 W2 W1 1 0 0 1 1 2 0 0 1 0 D7 0 ID 0 N7 8 D6 1 X2 0 N6 7 D5 OK X1 0 N5 6 D4 C4 X0 0 N4 5 D3 C3 S3 0 N3 4 D2 C2 S2 0 N2 3 D1 C1 S1 0 N1 2 D0 C0 S0 0 N0 1 P0 o o o o 0 D7 0 D205B MSB D205A MSB D2059 MSB 8 D6 1 D205B D5 OK D205B D4 C4 D205B D3 C3 D205B D2 C2 D205B D1 C1 D205B P0 o o D205A D205A D205A D205A D205A D205A D2059 D2059 D2059 D2059 D2059 D2059 7 6 5 4 3 2 D0 C0 D205B LSB D205A LSB D2059 LSB 1 D6 1 CRC D5 OK CRC D4 C4 CRC D3 C3 CRC D2 C2 CRC D1 C1 CRC D0 C0 CRC P0 o o CRC CRC CRC CRC CRC CRC o 0 7 0 6 0 5 0 4 0 3 0 2 CRC LSB 0 1 3 0 0 0 1 D7 0 CRC MSB CRC 4 0 12 0 11 0 10 0 9 0 8 St2,St1 = Two consecutive start bits, always zero W Label for frame identification = o o 0 o 0 frame 1: Label = <1 1> frame 2: Label = <1 0> frame 3: Label = <0 1> frame 4: Label = <0 0> N = Number of sent packages – 2 (initial and last packages are always sent) OK = OR-ing of the error bits except for the ADC over-/underflows So the OK bit can become 0 if one of the following errors occurs: Rev. 2 Page 16 of 27 Mar/12 MLX90292 SMD Programmable Linear Hall Sensor IC PWM / PAS4 / PSI5-A - RAM check fail: the RAM march failed or the RAM vs EEPROM check failed (if enabled) - ROM CRC fail - EEPROM CRC fail - WD acknowledge error C = 5-bit package counter for package identification Package 1: package counter = <00000> Package 2 package counter = <00001> …. Package 32 package counter = <11111> P = Odd parity over frame bits 1 … 12 (= all other bits, including start bits) ID = Identification of the die position within the dual-die package ID = 0: then IC is mounted closest to pin #1 ID = 1: then IC is mounted farthest from pin #1 X = Error detection X2 X1 X0 Error interpretation 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 No error detected ADC Overflow ADC Underflow PAS4 / PSI5 not ready RAM check Watchdog acknowledge (Software-watchdog) CRC Fail ROM CRC Fail EEPROM Error detection reporting specification Phase StartUp cycle Background Integrity Test Description Action on Fail RAM Test Write a fix Data pattern in the RAM and read back for consistency check Reporting Error Only EEPROM CRC Calculate the EEPROM CRC and compare with the stored CRC Reporting Error Only RAMCMP Compare the RAM calibration Data with the EEPROM calibration Data Reporting Error Only ROM CRC Calculate the ROM CRC and compare with the stored CRC Reporting Error Only RAMCMP Compare the RAM calibration Data with the EEPROM calibration Data Reporting Error Only EEPROM CRC Calculate the EEPROM CRC and compare with the stored CRC Reporting Error Only Note 1: The RAM MARCH test error will be reported/flagged in the first frame only; then cleared and never reported/flagged again since the test is never run again (unless a POR occurs). The ROM CRC, RAMCMP and EEPROM CRC errors will be reported/flagged once after their detection, then once any time they are re-detected. ALL errors are ONLY reported, i.e. no other actions are taken (Like resets, etc...) Rev. 2 Page 17 of 27 Mar/12 MLX90292 SMD Programmable Linear Hall Sensor IC PWM / PAS4 / PSI5-A Note 2: The ROM CRC and EEPROM CRC errors are not necessarily flagged AT EVERY frame, depending on which bits (tests) are set in the MLXCONFIG byte. CRC = CRC of sent manufacturing data packages (IBM 16 CRC) S = Status S3 (ECOK) S2 (PCOK) S1 (MLXOK) S0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 Status interpretation No calibration established MLX calibration successful Tbd. PCUST calibration successful Tbd. Tbd. Tbd. ECUST calibration successful Free for end User. Free for end User. Free for end User. Free for end User. Free for end User. Free for end User. Free for end User. Free for end User. Dxxxx = Data of corresponding EEPROM address. Example for odd parity: Frame S2 1 0 2 0 3 0 4 0 12 S1 0 0 0 0 11 W2 1 1 0 0 10 W1 1 0 1 0 9 D7 0 0 0 0 8 D6 1 1 1 1 7 D5 1 1 1 1 6 D4 0 0 0 0 5 D3 0 0 0 0 4 D2 0 0 0 0 3 D1 1 1 1 1 2 D0 1 1 1 1 1 P0 1 0 0 1 0 13.1.2.2. Measurement Data Package One data package contains the 12 bit signal of one magnetic flux density measurement and additional status information. A data package is composed of 4 frames each having a label for identification. A parity bit is used for detection of transmission errors. The order of the frame transmission is determined by the label: label <0 0> is sent first, label <0 1> is sent secondly etc … Frame St2 1 0 2 0 3 0 4 0 12 St1 0 0 0 0 11 W2 0 0 1 1 10 W1 0 1 0 1 9 D7 0 T7 ID M7 8 D6 1 T6 X2 M6 7 D5 OK T5 X1 M5 6 S2,S1 = Two consecutive start bits, always zero W Label for frame identification = D4 C4 T4 X0 M4 5 D3 C3 T3 M11 M3 4 D2 C2 T2 M10 M2 3 D1 C1 T1 M9 M1 2 D0 C0 T0 M8 M0 1 P0 e e e e 0 frame 1: Label = <0 0> frame 2: Label = <0 1> frame 3: Label = <1 0> frame 4: Label = <1 1> Rev. 2 Page 18 of 27 Mar/12 MLX90292 SMD Programmable Linear Hall Sensor IC PWM / PAS4 / PSI5-A OK = OR-ing of the error bits except for the ADC over-/underflows 1 = Sensor OK 0 = Sensor detected Failure C = 5-bit package counter for package identification Package 1: Package 2 …. Package 32 package counter = <00000> package counter = <00001> package counter = <11111> T = IC Temperature, internal temperature measurement in UINT8 format (MSB first) Temperature range = -50°C to +155°C Temperature resolution = 0,8°C per LSB Temperature clamping at -50°C and +155 °C ID = Identification of the die position within the dual-die package ID = 0: then IC is mounted closest to pin #1 ID = 1: then IC is mounted farthest from pin #1 X = X2 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 Error detection X1 X0 Error interpretation 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 No error detected ADC Overflow ADC Underflow PAS4 / PSI5 not ready RAM check Watchdog acknowledge (Software-watchdog) CRC Fail ROM CRC Fail EEPROM M = Magnetic flux density, 12 bit resolution P = Even parity over frame bits 1 … 12 (= all other bits, including start bits) Example for even parity: Frame S2 1 0 2 0 3 0 4 0 12 S1 0 0 0 0 11 W2 1 1 0 0 10 W1 1 0 1 0 9 D7 0 0 0 0 8 D6 1 1 1 1 7 D5 1 1 1 1 6 D4 0 0 0 0 5 D3 0 0 0 0 4 D2 0 0 0 0 3 D1 1 1 1 1 2 D0 1 1 1 1 1 P0 0 1 1 0 0 13.1.3. Data Ranges Magnetic flux density: Data range 12bit 2’s complement Decimal value 2047 1 0 -1 -2048 Rev. 2 Hexadecimal 7FFh 1h 0h FFFh 800h Page 19 of 27 Mar/12 MLX90292 SMD Programmable Linear Hall Sensor IC PWM / PAS4 / PSI5-A Temper Temperature: Data range 8bit unsigned Temperature in °C -50 0 25 155 Decimal value 0 62 94 255 Hexadecimal 00h 3Eh 5Eh FFh 13.1.4. Continuous Transmission (Normal Operation) transm of the EEPROM content will be sent and then the device After the reset sequence, the transmission automatically starts with the continuou us operation sequence where the measurement data ata are sent to the ECU. Continuous operation can be interrupted interrupt at any time by a programming sequence in order to write new parameters into the EEPROM. Note that the new content of the EEPROM is utilized only after a succeeding power-on cycle. 13.1.5. Transmission after Reset (Power-On) After every reset – conducted ed through power-on power – the device transmits the EEPROM content ontent to the ECU. 13.2. Programming in PWM mode The full 12-bit digital output span of PAS4/PSI5-A PAS4/PSI5 (-2048LSB .. 2047LSB) will be mapped to a PWM duty cycle range of 3% to 97% in software. It is therefore possible to fully program the ASIC while using PAS4/PSI5-A mode, and then change the mode to PWM, knowing the mapping relation ation between the operating modes. PWM mode thus also has all the slope correction, offset drift comp compensations and sensitivity drift compensations that also so exist in the other modes. PWM (DC %) 100% 98% 97% DEAD ZONE HIGH DIAGNOSTIC BAND (functional errors and/or temperature errors) Programmable high clam mp Programmable sensitivity Programmable offset Programmable low clamp 3% 2% LOW DIAGNOSTIC DIAGN BAND (functional errors and/or temperature errors) DEAD ZONE 0 Magnetic Field (Gauss) Figure 8: programming in PWM mode Rev. 2 Page 20 of 27 Mar/12 MLX90292 SMD Programmable Linear Hall Sensor IC PWM / PAS4 / PSI5-A The clamping for PWM differs nothing from the clamping of PAS4/PSI5-A. It takes place on the same digital field data (=PAS4/PSI5-A output data). The clamping settings can be altered in the end customer area of EEPROM. There are 2 parameters available: CLAMP_LOW[15:0] and CLAMP_HIGH[15:0]. The accuracy of the digital field is fixed at 12 bits (-2048 .. 2047), so the clamping can only have the same resolution or less. Setting your high clamp level at 2000d (=07D0h) will not generate a PWM duty cycle of 50% + (2000/2047)*50% during high clamping. High clamping for those settings will be at 50% + (2000/2047)*47% because the digital field is mapped to a 94% span instead of the full 100%. The same deduction can be made for low clamping. 50% duty cycle always corresponds to digital field 0. The digital field 0 however, can correspond to a certain residual magnetic field depending of the offset value that has been calibrated. Low Clamp Minimum Example Low Clamp Example High Clamp High Clamp Maximum PWM Duty Cycle (%) 3 10 90 97 Clamp level (dec) -2048d .. -32768 -1743d 1742d 2047d .. 32767 Internal Value (hex) F800h .. 8000h F931h 06CEh 07FFh .. 7FFFh Clamping settings explained In theory there is no need for clamping, since the digital field is already automatically clamped at 2047 and -2048. For PWM it was made sure that the diagnostic levels were outside this area. However the customer might want to implement a larger dead zone in between the diagnostic levels and the signal span. This can be achieved with the clamping settings, at the price of reduced signal span. Rev. 2 Page 21 of 27 Mar/12 MLX90292 SMD Programmable Linear Hall Sensor IC PWM / PAS4 / PSI5-A 14. Recommended Application Diagrams 14.1. PAS4, PSI5-A and 2-wire re PWM VDD_DIE2 GND_DIE2 VSS_1 OUT_1 9 C1 R1 VDEC_1 C2 VDD_1 C2 OUT_2 C1 VSS_2 R1 VDD_2 1 VDEC_2 8 16 VDD_DIE1 GND_DIE1 Figure 9: Application plication diagram PAS4, PSI5-A and 2-wire PWM Rev. 2 Part C1 C2 Description Supply capacitor, apacitor, EMI, ESD Regulated su upply decoupling, EMI, ESD R1 Pull up resisstor PAS4 Pull up resis sistor PSI5 or 2-wire PWM Page 22 of 27 Value 100 22 Unit nF nF 200 920 Ω Ω Mar/12 MLX90292 SMD Programmable Linear Hall Sensor IC PWM / PAS4 / PSI5-A 14.2. 3-wire PWM Figure 10: Diagnostic high Rev. 2 Part C1 C2 Description Supply capacitor, apacitor, EMI, ESD Regulated su upply decoupling, EMI, ESD Value 100 22 Unit nF nF C3 Output capa acitor, EMI, ESD 10 nF R1 Pull up resis sistor PWM at ECU side 4.7 k kΩ Page 23 of 27 Mar/12 MLX90292 SMD Programmable Linear Hall Sensor IC PWM / PAS4 / PSI5-A 15. Standard information regarding manufacturability of Melexis products with different soldering processes Our products are classified and qualified regarding soldering technology, solderability and moisture sensitivity level according to following test methods: Reflow Soldering SMD’s (Surface Mount Devices) • • IPC/JEDEC J-STD-020 Moisture/Reflow Sensitivity Classification for Nonhermetic Solid State Surface Mount Devices (classification reflow profiles according to table 5-2) EIA/JEDEC JESD22-A113 Preconditioning of Nonhermetic Surface Mount Devices Prior to Reliability Testing (reflow profiles according to table 2) Wave Soldering SMD’s (Surface Mount Devices) and THD’s (Through Hole Devices) • • EN60749-20 Resistance of plastic- encapsulated SMD’s to combined effect of moisture and soldering heat EIA/JEDEC JESD22-B106 and EN60749-15 Resistance to soldering temperature for through-hole mounted devices Iron Soldering THD’s (Through Hole Devices) • EN60749-15 Resistance to soldering temperature for through-hole mounted devices Solderability SMD’s (Surface Mount Devices) and THD’s (Through Hole Devices) • EIA/JEDEC JESD22-B102 and EN60749-21 Solderability For all soldering technologies deviating from above mentioned standard conditions (regarding peak temperature, temperature gradient, temperature profile etc) additional classification and qualification tests have to be agreed upon with Melexis. The application of Wave Soldering for SMD’s is allowed only after consulting Melexis regarding assurance of adhesive strength between device and board. Melexis is contributing to global environmental conservation by promoting lead free solutions. For more information on qualifications of RoHS compliant products (RoHS = European directive on the Restriction Of the use of certain Hazardous Substances) please visit the quality page on our website: http://www.melexis.com/quality.aspx 16. ESD Precautions Electronic semiconductor products are sensitive to Electro Static Discharge (ESD). Always observe Electro Static Discharge control procedures whenever handling semiconductor products. The target ESD withstand is ± 2 kV for all the combinations specified by AEC-Q100-002 (Human Body Model). Rev. 2 Page 24 of 27 Mar/12 MLX90292 SMD Programmable Linear Hall Sensor IC PWM / PAS4 / PSI5-A 17. Package Information 17.1. TSSOP16 – Package Dimensions 0.65 ± 0.04 12O REF 0.20 ± 0.04 DIA 1.0 REF 0.09 MIN IN 4.30 4.50** 6.4 ± 0.2 0.09 MIIN 1.0 REF 12O REF 0.50 0.75 0O 8O 1.0 ± 0.2 1.0 REF 0.85 0.95 4.90 5.10* 1.1 MAX 0.19 0.30*** 0.09 0.20 0.05 0.15 NOTES: All dimensions are in millimeters (anlges in degrees). d * Dimension does not include mold flash , prot otrusions or gate burrs(shall not exceed 0.15 per side). ** Dimension does not include interleads flas sh or protrusion (shall not exceed 0.25 per side). *** Dimension does not include dambar prot otrusion . Allowable dambar protrusion shall be 0.08 mm total in excess of o the dimension at maximum material condition . Dambar canno ot be located on the lower radius of the foot. REF: Reference dimensions as stated in pack ckaging supplier POD , based on JEDEC. Figure 11: TSSOP16 package dimension Rev. 2 Page 25 of 27 Mar/12 MLX90292 SMD Programmable Linear Hall Sensor IC PWM / PAS4 / PSI5-A 17.2. TSSOP16 – Pinout and Sensitive spot positioning 1 16 VDEC_1 VSS_1 N/C VDD_1 Die 1 MUST0_1 OUT_1 MUST1_1 TESTANA_2 TESTANA_1 MUST1_2 MUST0_2 N/C Die 2 VDD_2 OUT_2 VDEC_2 VSS_2 8 9 Figure 12: Pinnout 1 16 VDEC_1 VSS_1 N/C VDD_1 Die 1 MUST0_1 OUT_1 MUST1_1 TESTANA_2 TESTANA_1 MUST1_2 MUST0_2 N/C Die 2 VDD_2 OUT_2 VDEC_2 VSS_2 8 9 <0.57mm Figure 13: Sensitive spot positioning Rev. 2 Page 26 of 27 Mar/12 MLX90292 SMD Programmable Linear Hall Sensor IC PWM / PAS4 / PSI5-A 18. Disclaimer Devices sold by Melexis are covered by the warranty and patent indemnification provisions appearing in its Term of Sale. Melexis makes no warranty, express, statutory, implied, or by description regarding the information set forth herein or regarding the freedom of the described devices from patent infringement. Melexis reserves the right to change specifications and prices at any time and without notice. Therefore, prior to designing this product into a system, it is necessary to check with Melexis for current information. This product is intended for use in normal commercial applications. Applications requiring extended temperature range, unusual environmental requirements, or high reliability applications, such as military, medical life-support or life-sustaining equipment are specifically not recommended without additional processing by Melexis for each application. The information furnished by Melexis is believed to be correct and accurate. However, Melexis shall not be liable to recipient or any third party for any damages, including but not limited to personal injury, property damage, loss of profits, loss of use, interrupt of business or indirect, special incidental or consequential damages, of any kind, in connection with or arising out of the furnishing, performance or use of the technical data herein. No obligation or liability to recipient or any third party shall arise or flow out of Melexis’ rendering of technical or other services. © 2012 Melexis NV. All rights reserved. For the latest version of this document, go to our website at www.melexis.com Or for additional information contact Melexis Direct: Europe, Africa, Asia: Phone: +32 1367 0495 E-mail: [email protected] America: Phone: +1 248 306 5400 E-mail: [email protected] ISO/TS 16949 and ISO14001 Certified Rev. 2 Page 27 of 27 Mar/12