LTC5562 LF–7GHz Wideband Low Power Active Mixer FEATURES n n n n n n n n n n n n DESCRIPTION Wideband Frequency Range to 7GHz Low Power: 2.7V to 3.6V, 40mA Supply Supply Current Adjustable Down to 15mA Up or Downconversion OIP3: +20dBm at 3.6GHz Out Conversion Gain: +1dB Low LO Drive: –4dBm to +2dBm LO Impedance Match Maintained During Shutdown Enable Control, 10µA Shutdown Current 2kV ESD (HBM and CDM) –40°C to 105°C Operation Small 2mm × 2mm 10-Lead QFN Package The LTC®5562 is a versatile low power mixer optimized for applications requiring wide input bandwidth, low distortion and low LO leakage. This mixer can be used for either upconverting or downconverting applications, and provides a nominal conversion gain of 1dB. The differential input is optimized for use with a 1:1 transmission-line balun, the input is 50Ω broadband matched from 30MHz to 7GHz. The LO can be differential or single-ended and requires only –1dBm of LO power to achieve excellent distortion and noise performance. The impedance match at the LO input is maintained during shutdown. This mixer offers low LO leakage, greatly reducing the need for output filtering to meet LO suppression requirements. APPLICATIONS n n n n n n The LTC5562 uses a 3.3V supply for low power consumption and the enable control allows the part to be shut down for further power savings. The total mixer current is adjustable, by simply adding a resistor in series with the LGND pin, for applications requiring even lower power. Portable Radios Portable Test Instruments Wireless Infrastructure Fixed Wireless Access Equipment VHF & UHF Mixer Wireless Repeaters All registered trademarks and trademarks are the property of their respective owners. TYPICAL APPLICATION 3.6GHz Upconverting Mixer 1µF 10nF 1nF T1 1:1 TC1-1-13 R1 IN+ 3.6nH GND VCC OUT – BIAS + – OUT+ LTC5562 3.6nH 1.2pF T2 4:1 2.7nH 1.2pF NCS4-442+ LGND LO+ 3.6GHz OUT LO– 5562 TA01a 0.9pF 1.5nH 100pF 10pF 30 24 28 22 26 20 OIP3 24 18 f IN = 240MHz 22 TC = – 40°C 16 25°C LOW SIDE LO 20 14 85°C VCC = 3.3V 18 12 105°C 16 10 14 8 12 6 NF 10 4 8 2 GAIN 6 0 4 –2 3400 3600 3800 4000 4200 4400 OUTPUT FREQUENCY (MHz) NF (dB) 1nF EN IN– GAIN (dB), OIP3 (dBm) VCC EN 240MHz IN 50Ω Conversion Gain, OIP3 and NF vs fOUT PLO LO = –2dBm, ITOTAL Total= 35mA (R1 = 5Ω) 5562 TA01a 3.36GHz LO 50Ω 5562f For more information www.linear.com/LTC5562 1 LTC5562 ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS PIN CONFIGURATION (Note 1) Supply Voltage (VCC, OUT+, OUT–) ..........................4.0V EN Voltage ........................................ –0.3V to VCC+0.3V LO+, LO – Input Power ........................................ +10dBm IN+, IN– Input Power .......................................... +15dBm Operating Temperature Range (TC) ........ –40°C to 105°C Junction Temperature (TJ) .................................... 150°C Storage Temperature Range .................. –65°C to 150°C 10 9 LO+ 1 IN– IN+ LGND TOP VIEW 8 11 3 4 5 EN OUT + OUT – LO– 2 7 GND 6 VCC UC PACKAGE 10-LEAD (2mm × 2mm) PLASTIC QFN TJMAX = 150°C, θJC = 25°C/W EXPOSED PAD (PIN 11) IS GND, MUST BE SOLDERED TO PCB ORDER INFORMATION http://www.linear.com/product/LTC5562#orderinfo LEAD FREE FINISH TAPE AND REEL PART MARKING PACKAGE DESCRIPTION TEMPERATURE RANGE LTC5562IUC#PBF LTC5562IUC#TRPBF LGZQ 10-Lead (2mm × 2mm) Plastic QFN –40°C to 105°C Consult ADI Marketing for parts specified with wider operating temperature ranges. Consult ADI Marketing for information on lead based finish parts. For more information on lead free part marking, go to: http://www.linear.com/leadfree/ For more information on tape and reel specifications, go to: http://www.linear.com/tapeandreel/. Some packages are available in 500 unit reels through designated sales channels with #TRMPBF suffix. 2 5562f For more information www.linear.com/LTC5562 LTC5562 DC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS The l denotes the specifications which apply over the full operating temperature range, otherwise specifications are at VCC = 3.3V, TC = 25°C. Test circuits shown in Figures 1 and 2. (Note 2) PARAMETER CONDITIONS Supply Voltage (VCC) MIN TYP MAX 2.7 UNITS 3.3 3.6 V Supply Current, EN = High R1 = 0Ω R1 = 10Ω R1 = 20Ω R1 = 60Ω 40 30 25 15 46 mA Supply Current, EN = Low Shutdown 10 l µA Enable Logic Input (EN) EN Input High Voltage (On) l EN Input Low Voltage (Off) l EN Input Current –0.3V to VCC + 0.3V l 1.8 V –15 0.5 V 25 µA Turn-On Time 0.1 µs Turn-Off Time 0.5 µs AC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS The l denotes the specifications which apply over the full operating temperature range, otherwise specifications are at VCC = 3.3V, EN = High, TC = 25°C, PLO = –1dBm, R1 = 0Ω. Test circuits shown in Figures 1 and 2. (Notes 2, 3, 4) PARAMETER CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX LO Input Frequency Range External Matching Required l Input Frequency Range External Matching Required l LF-7 GHz Output Frequency Range External Matching Required l DC-7 GHz Input Return Loss ZO = 50Ω, External Matching Required Below 30MHz >12 dB LO Input Return Loss ZO = 50Ω, External Matching Required >10 dB Output Impedance Differential at 900MHz Differential at 3.5GHz Differential at 5.8GHz LO Input Power Single-Ended or Differential LO to IN Leakage fLO = 1MHz to 1.8GHz fLO = 1.8GHz to 4.5GHz fLO > 4.5GHz < –45 < –35 < –30 dBm dBm dBm LO to OUT Leakage fLO = 1MHz to 1.8GHz fLO = 1.8GHz to 4.4GHz fLO > 4.4GHz < –37 < –35 < –30 dBm dBm dBm LF-9 GHz 650Ω || 0.3pF 350Ω || 0.3pF 120Ω || 0.3pF –4 –1 UNITS R || C R || C R || C 2 dBm 5562f For more information www.linear.com/LTC5562 3 LTC5562 AC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS The l denotes the specifications which apply over the full operating temperature range, otherwise specifications are at TC = 25°C. VCC = 3.3V, EN = High, PIN = –12dBm (–12dBm/Tone for 2-tone tests), PLO = –1dBm, R1 = 0Ω, unless otherwise noted. Test circuit shown in Figure 1. (Notes 2, 3, 4) Upconverting Applications PARAMETER CONDITIONS MIN TYP Conversion Gain fIN = 140MHz, fOUT = 900MHz, High Side LO fIN = 240MHz, fOUT = 3.6GHz, Low Side LO fIN = 900MHz, fOUT = 5.8GHz, Low Side LO 0.3 1.5 1 2 Conversion Gain vs Temperature TC = –40°C to 105ºC, fOUT = 3.6GHz Two-Tone Output 3rd Order Intercept (∆f = 2MHz) fIN = 140MHz, fOUT = 900MHz, High Side LO fIN = 240MHz, fOUT = 3.6GHz, Low Side LO fIN = 900MHz, fOUT = 5.8GHz, Low Side LO Two-Tone Output 2nd Order Intercept MAX UNITS dB dB dB –0.01 dB/°C 21 19 17 dBm dBm dBm ∆fIN = 141MHz, fOUT = 900MHz, High Side LO ∆fIN = 241MHz, fOUT = 3.6GHz, Low Side LO ∆fIN = 901MHz, fOUT = 5.8GHz, Low Side LO 36 36 31 dBm dBm dBm SSB Noise Figure fIN = 140MHz, fOUT = 900MHz, High Side LO fIN = 240MHz, fOUT = 3.6GHz, Low Side LO fIN = 900MHz, fOUT = 5.8GHz, Low Side LO 13.5 14.6 15.9 dB dB dB Output Noise Floor at PIN = 0dBm fIN = 240MHz, fOUT = 3.6GHz, Low Side LO –157 dBm/Hz Input 1dB Compression fIN = 140MHz, fOUT = 900MHz, High Side LO fIN = 240MHz, fOUT = 3.6GHz, Low Side LO fIN = 900MHz, fOUT = 5.8GHz, Low Side LO 6 5 4.5 dBm dBm dBm LO-OUT Leakage fIN = 140MHz, fOUT = 900MHz, High Side LO fIN = 240MHz, fOUT = 3.6GHz, Low Side LO fIN = 900MHz, fOUT = 5.8GHz, Low Side LO –37 –35 –30 dBm dBm dBm LO-IN Leakage fIN = 140MHz, fOUT = 900MHz, High Side LO fIN = 240MHz, fOUT = 3.6GHz, Low Side LO fIN = 900MHz, fOUT = 5.8GHz, Low Side LO –50 –39 –30 dBm dBm dBm IN to OUT Isolation fIN = 140MHz, fOUT = 900MHz, High Side LO fIN = 240MHz, fOUT = 3.6GHz, Low Side LO fIN = 900MHz, fOUT = 5.8GHz, Low Side LO 65 68 68 dB dB dB IN-LO Isolation fIN = 140MHz, fOUT = 900MHz, High Side LO fIN = 240MHz, fOUT = 3.6GHz, Low Side LO fIN = 900MHz, fOUT = 5.8GHz, Low Side LO 60 56 62 dB dB dB 4 l 18 5562f For more information www.linear.com/LTC5562 LTC5562 AC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS The l denotes the specifications which apply over the full operating temperature range, otherwise specifications are at TC = 25°C. VCC = 3.3V, EN = High, PRF = –12dBm (–12dBm/Tone for 2-tone tests), PLO = –1dBm, R1 = 0Ω. Test circuit shown in Figure 2. (Notes 2, 3, 4) Downconverting Applications PARAMETER CONDITIONS MIN Conversion Gain fIN = 900MHz, fOUT = 140MHz, High Side LO fIN = 3.6GHz, fOUT = 456MHz, High Side LO fIN = 5.8GHz, fOUT = 800MHz, Low Side LO Conversion Gain vs Temperature TC = –40°C to 105°C, fOUT = 3.6 GHz Two-Tone Input 3rd Order Intercept (∆f = 2MHz) TYP 1.9 2 2 MAX UNITS dB dB dB –0.01 dB/°C fIN = 900MHz, fOUT = 140MHz, High Side LO fIN = 3.6GHz, fOUT = 456MHz, High Side LO fIN = 5.8GHz, fOUT = 800MHz, Low Side LO 19 16 14 dBm dBm dBm SSB Noise Figure fIN = 900MHz, fOUT = 140MHz, High Side LO fIN = 3.6GHz, fOUT = 456MHz, High Side LO fIN = 5.8GHz, fOUT = 800MHz, Low Side LO 13.9 14.2 14.6 dB dB dB Output Noise Floor at PIN = 0dBm fIN = 3.6GHz, fOUT = 350MHz, Low Side LO –158 dBm/Hz Input 1dB Compression fIN = 900MHz, fOUT = 140MHz, High Side LO fIN = 3.6GHz, fOUT = 456MHz, High Side LO fIN = 5.8GHz, fOUT = 800MHz, Low Side LO 7 6 5.5 dBm dBm dBm LO-OUT Leakage fIN = 900MHz, fOUT = 140MHz, High Side LO fIN = 3.6GHz, fOUT = 456MHz, High Side LO fIN = 5.8GHz, fOUT = 800MHz, Low Side LO –45 –55 –45 dBm dBm dBm LO-IN Leakage fIN = 900MHz, fOUT = 140MHz, High Side LO fIN = 3.6GHz, fOUT = 456MHz, High Side LO fIN = 5.8GHz, fOUT = 800MHz, Low Side LO –55 –38 –39 dBm dBm dBm IN to OUT Isolation fIN = 900MHz, fOUT = 140MHz, High Side LO fIN = 3.6GHz, fOUT = 456MHz, High Side LO fIN = 5.8GHz, fOUT = 800MHz, Low Side LO 50 60 44 dB dB dB IN-LO Isolation fIN = 900MHz, fOUT = 140MHz, High Side LO fIN = 3.6GHz, fOUT = 456MHz, High Side LO fIN = 5.8GHz, fOUT = 800MHz, Low Side LO 42 39 58 dB dB dB 1/2 IF Output Spurious Product fIN = 5400MHz, fLO = 5000MHz, fSPUR = 800MHz –62 dBc 1/3 IF Output Spurious Product fIN = 5249.67Hz, fLO = 4983MHz, fSPUR = 800MHz –82 dBc Note 1: Stresses beyond those listed under Absolute Maximum Ratings may cause permanent damage to the device. Exposure to any Absolute Maximum Rating condition for extended periods may affect device reliability and lifetime. Note 2: The LTC5562 is guaranteed functional over the –40°C to 105°C case temperature range. l Note 3: SSB Noise Figure measured with a small-signal noise source, bandpass filter and 3dB matching pad on IN port, and bandpass filter on the LO input. Note 4: Specified performance includes all external components and evaluation PCB losses. 5562f For more information www.linear.com/LTC5562 5 LTC5562 TYPICAL DC PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS Supply Current (EN = HIGH) vs Shutdown Current (EN = LOW) vs Supply Voltage Current (EN = HIGH) vs Supply Voltage Supply Voltage 42 20 18 41 16 SUPPLY CURRENT (μA) SUPPLY CURRENT (mA) (Test Circuit Shown in Figure 1) 40 39 38 TC = –40°C 25°C 85°C 105°C 37 14 12 10 8 6 TC = –40°C 25°C 85°C 105°C 4 2 36 2.6 2.7 2.8 2.9 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V) 0 2.7 2.8 2.9 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V) 5562 G01 5562 G02 TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS 900MHz Upconverting Application: VCC = 3.3VDC , TC = 25°C, fIN = 140MHz, PIN = –12dBm (–12dBm/tone for 2-tone OIP3 tests, ∆f = 2MHz). PLO = 0dBm, fLO = fIN + fOUT, High Side LO, Output Measured at 900MHz, R1 = 0Ω, unless otherwise noted. OUTPUT = 900MHz 105°C 25°C –40°C 40 30 20 10 105°C 25°C –40°C 25 20 15 10 5562 G03 0 50 OUTPUT = 900MHz 45 40 35 OUTPUT = 900MHz 105°C 25°C –40°C 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2.0 2.2 2.4 CONVERSION GAIN (dB) 6 Noise Figure Distribution 30 DISTRIBUTION (%) DISTRIBUTION (%) 50 OIP3 Distribution 35 DISTRIBUTION (%) Conversion Gain Distribution 60 5 18 19 20 21 22 OIP3 (dBm) 23 24 5562 G04 0 12 12.4 12.8 13.2 13.6 14.0 14.4 14.8 15.2 NOISE FIGURE (dB) 5562 G05 5562f For more information www.linear.com/LTC5562 LTC5562 TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS 900MHz Upconverting Application: VCC = 3.3VDC , TC = 25°C, fIN = 140MHz, PIN = –12dBm (–12dBm/tone for 2-tone OIP3 tests, ∆f = 2MHz). PLO = –1dBm, fLO = fOUT + fIN, High Side LO, Output Measured at 900MHz, R1 = 0Ω, unless otherwise noted. Test Circuit Shown in Figure 1. 30 Conversion Conversion Gain, Gain, OIP3 OIP3 and and NF NF vs vs Input Frequency, fOUT = 900MHz Input Frequency, fOUT = 900MHz 25 Conversion Gain, OIP3 and NF vs Output Frequency, fININ= 140MHz LO Isolation vs LO Frequency 90 OIP3 20 NF 15 TC = –40°C 25°C 85°C 105°C 10 5 0 GAIN 0 10 5 GAIN TC = –40°C 25°C 85°C 105°C 60 50 40 30 0 20 –5 700 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 INPUT FREQUENCY (MHz) 70 NF 15 LO – IN LO – OUT 2LO – OUT 80 20 ISOLATION (dB) GAIN AND NF (dB), OIP3 (dBm) GAIN AND NF (dB), OIP3 (dBm) OIP3 25 5562 G06 800 10 900 1000 1100 1200 1300 1400 1500 1600 1700 1800 LO FREQUENCY (MHz) 900 1000 1100 1200 1300 1400 OUTPUT FREQUENCY (MHz) 5562 G08 5562 G07 Conversion Conversion Gain, Gain, OIP3 OIP3 and and NF vs LO Power NF vs LO Power Conversion Conversion Gain, Gain, OIP3 OIP3 and and NF vs Current NFSupply vs Supply Current Conversion Gain, OIP3 and NF vs Supply Voltage 25 25 25 15 NF 10 5 GAIN TC = –40°C 25°C 85°C 105°C 0 20 15 GAIN OIP3 NF 40mA: R1 = 0Ω 20mA: R1 = 34Ω 10 5 GAIN AND NF (dB), OIP3 (dBm) OIP3 20 GAIN AND NF (dB), OIP3 (dBm) GAIN AND NF (dB), OIP3 (dBm) OIP3 20 15 NF 10 TC = –40°C 25°C 85°C 105°C 5 REFER TO TABLE 7 FOR ADDITIONAL R1 VALUES –5 –12 –10 –8 –6 –4 –2 0 LO POWER (dBm) 2 0 4 GAIN 0 2.7 2.8 2.9 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V) 20 22 24 26 28 30 32 34 36 38 40 SUPPLY CURRENT (mA) 5562 G10 5562 G11 5562 G09 2-Tone Output and IM3 Power vs Input Power 10 –70 IM3 OUT f IN1 = 139MHz f IN2 = 141MHz f LO = 1040MHz 50 40 30 –80 20 15 10 GAIN OIP3 NF 5 20 –90 –100 –20 –18 –16 –14 –12 –10 –8 –6 INPUT POWER (dBm/TONE) 60 GAIN AND NF (dB), OIP3 (dBm) –60 ISOLATION (dB) OUTPUT POWER (dBm/TONE) 70 –20 –50 IN – OUT IN – LO 80 –10 –40 25 90 0 –30 Conversion Gain, OIP3 and NF vs Case Case Temperature Temperature vs Input Isolation vs Frequency –4 –2 5562 G12 10 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 INPUT FREQUENCY (MHz) 5562 G13 0 –45 –15 15 45 75 CASE TEMPERATURE (°C) 105 5562 G14 5562f For more information www.linear.com/LTC5562 7 LTC5562 TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS 3.6GHz Upconverting Application: VCC = 3.3VDC , TC = 25°C, fIN = 240MHz, PIN = –12dBm (–12dBm/tone for 2-tone OIP3 tests, ∆f = 2MHz). PLO = –1dBm, fLO = fOUT – fIN, Low Side LO, Output Measured at 3.6GHz, R1 = 0Ω, unless otherwise noted. Test Circuit Shown in Figure 1. 15 NF TC –40°C 25°C 85°C 105°C 5 GAIN 0 50 10 5 GAIN TC = –40°C 25°C 85°C 105°C 3600 3800 4000 4200 OUTPUT FREQUENCY (MHz) Conversion Gain, OIP3 and NF NF 5 GAIN TC = –40°C 25°C 85°C 105°C 0 20 15 GAIN OIP3 NF 40mA: R1 = 0Ω 20mA: R1 = 35Ω 10 5 REFER TO TABLE 7 FOR ADDITIONAL R1 VALUES –5 –12 –10 –8 –6 –4 –2 0 LO POWER (dBm) 2 0 4 ISOLATION (dB) OUTPUT POWER (dBm/TONE) 0 60 50 40 30 20 –90 –4 –2 5562 G21 GAIN 25 70 –20 8 5 Conversion Gain, OIP3 and NF vs Case Temperature IN – OUT IN – LO 80 –10 –80 TC = –40°C 25°C 85°C 105°C 5562 G20 90 0 IM3 OUT f IN1 = 239MHz f IN2 = 241MHz f LO = 3360MHz NF 10 Input Isolation vs Frequency 10 –100 –20 –18 –16 –14 –12 –10 –8 –6 INPUT POWER (dBm/TONE) 15 5562 G19 2-Tone Output and IM3 Power vs Input Power –30 OIP3 20 –5 2.7 2.8 2.9 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V) 20 22 24 26 28 30 32 34 36 38 40 SUPPLY CURRENT (mA) 5562 G18 –70 GAIN AND NF (dB), OIP3 (dBm) GAIN AND NF (dB), OIP3 (dBm) GAIN AND NF (dB), OIP3 (dBm) 25 OIP3 10 –60 Conversion Gain, OIP3 and NF vs Supply Voltage 25 20 –50 5562 G17 Conversion Gain, OIP3 and NF vs Supply Current 30 –40 0 1600 2000 2400 2800 3200 3600 4000 4400 LO FREQUENCY (MHz) 4400 5562 G16 vs LO Power 15 30 10 5562 G15 25 40 20 0 –5 3400 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 INPUT FREQUENCY (MHz) 50 NF 15 LO – IN LO – OUT 2LO – OUT 60 20 10 0 400 800 1200 1600 INPUT FREQUENCY (MHz) 2000 5562 G22 GAIN AND NF (dB), OIP3 (dBm) –5 Isolation vsvs LOLO Frequency LO ISOLATION FREQUENCY 70 ISOLATION (dB) 20 10 Conversion Gain, OIP3 and NF vs Output Frequency, fININ= 240MHz OIP3 OIP3 25 25 GAIN AND NF (dB), OIP3 (dBm) GAIN AND NF (dB), OIP3 (dBm) 30 Conversion Gain, OIP3 and NF vs Input Frequency, fFOUT 3.6GHz OUT==3.6GHz 20 15 10 GAIN OIP3 NF 5 0 –45 –15 15 45 75 CASE TEMPERATURE (°C) 105 5562 G23 5562f For more information www.linear.com/LTC5562 LTC5562 TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS 5.8GHz Downconverting Application: VCC = 3.3VDC , TC = 25°C, fIN = 5.8GHz, PIN = –12dBm (–12dBm/tone for 2-tone OIP3 tests, ∆f = 2MHz). PLO = –1dBm, fLO = fIN – fOUT Low Side LO, R1 = 0Ω, Output Measured at 800MHz, unless otherwise noted. Test Circuit Shown in Figure 2. 18 22 16 18 NF 16 14 10 6 4 12 TC = –40°C 25°C 85°C 105°C GAIN 10 2 0 5100 TC = –40°C 25°C 85°C 105°C 12 10 8 12 GAIN 2 10 0 8 6 –2 6 –4 100 5562 G26 Conversion Gain, OIP3 and NF vs Supply Voltage 22 20 14 18 12 16 10 14 6 40mA: R1 = 0Ω 20mA: R1 = 34Ω 4 REFER TO TABLE 7 FOR ADDITIONAL R1 VALUES 2 0 5562 G27 GAIN OIP3 NF 20 22 24 26 28 30 32 34 36 38 40 SUPPLY CURRENT (mA) 12 10 20 25 18 23 16 14 21 OIP3 19 12 15 8 8 4 6 2 4 0 2.6 GAIN 11 9 7 2.8 5 3.6 3.0 3.2 3.4 SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V) 5562 G29 Single Tone Output Power, 2×2 and 3×3 Spurs vs Input Power Conversion Gain, OIP3, NF and vs Case Case Temperature Temperature vs 10 10 20 24 0 0 18 22 –10 16 20 14 18 12 16 10 14 –20 –30 –40 –50 –60 –70 IM3 OUT f IN1 = 5799MHz f IN2 = 5801MHz f LO = 5000MHz –80 –16 –14 –12 –10 –8 –6 –4 –2 0 INPUT POWER (dBm/TONE) 2 –20 –30 –40 –50 –60 OUT (f IN = 5800MHz) TC = 25°C f LO = 5000MHz GAIN (dB), OIP3 (dBm) OUTPUT POWER (dBm) –10 2IN – 2LO (f IN = 5400MHz) –70 –80 4 5562 G30 8 4 3IN – 3LO (f IN = 5266.67MHz) –90 –16 –14 –12 –10 –8 –6 –4 –2 INPUT POWER (dBm) 0 2 12 GAIN OIP3 NF 6 10 8 6 2 4 5562 G31 0 –45 NF (dB) OUTPUT POWER (dBm/TONE) 13 TC = –40°C 25°C 85°C 105°C 6 5562 G28 2-Tone Output and IM3 Power vs Input Power 17 NF 10 NF (dB) 16 NF (dB) NF (dB) GAIN (dB), OIP3 (dBm) 18 8 40 10 4300 4500 4700 4900 5100 5300 5500 5700 LO FREQUENCY (MHz) Conversion Gain, OIP3 and NF vs Supply Current 28 26 24 22 20 18 NF 16 14 12 10 TC = –40°C 8 25°C 6 85°C 4 105°C 2 2 4 6 50 20 4 1100 300 500 700 900 OUTPUT FREQUENCY (MHz) 60 30 5562 G25 Conversion Gain, OIP3 and NF vs LO LO Power Power vs GAIN (dB), OIP3 (dBm) 16 14 5562 G24 20 OIP3 18 16 14 12 10 8 6 4 GAIN 2 0 –2 –4 –6 –12 –10 –8 –6 –4 –2 0 LO POWER (dBm) 18 6 4 70 20 NF LO – IN LO – OUT 2LO – OUT 80 22 8 4 6100 5300 5500 5700 5900 INPUT FREQUENCY (MHz) 24 GAIN (dB), OIP3 (dBm) 8 OIP3 90 NF (dB) 12 Isolation vsvs LOLO Frequency LO ISOLATION FREQUENCY 26 14 20 OIP3 14 18 NF (dB) GAIN (dB), OIP3 (dBm) 16 24 GAIN (dB), OIP3 (dBm) 20 Conversion Gain, OIP3 and NF vs vsOutput OutputFrequency, Frequency,fFININ==5800MHz 5800MHz ISOLATION (dB) Conversion Gain, OIP3 and NF vs Input Frequency, FfOUT 800MHz OUT == 800MHz –15 15 45 75 CASE TEMPERATURE (°C) 4 105 5562 G32 5562f For more information www.linear.com/LTC5562 9 LTC5562 PIN FUNCTIONS LO+, LO– (Pins 1, 2): Differential LO Input. The LO input impedance is approximately 220Ω, thus external impedance matching is recommended. An internal VCC referenced bias voltage is provided to the LO inputs, therefore, DC blocking capacitors are required. The LTC5562 is characterized and production tested with a single-ended LO drive; though a differential LO drive can be used. EN (Pin 3): Enable Pin. The LTC5562 is enabled when the applied voltage on this pin is greater than 1.8V. An applied voltage less than 0.5V will disable the IC. The voltage on the EN pin should never exceed VCC by more than 0.3V. OUT+, OUT– (Pins 4, 5): Differential Output. External components are required for impedance matching and differential to single-ended conversion. These pins require a low resistance DC path to VCC to provide current to the mixer core. Typical DC current consumption is 18mA for each pin. VCC (Pin 6): Power Supply Pin. The supply range is 2.7V to 3.6V. This pin should be bypassed with a 10nF capacitor located close to the IC. A low impedance power plane is recommended. Typical current consumption is 4.8mA. 10 GND (Pins 7, 11(Exposed Pad)): Ground. These pins must be soldered to the RF ground plane on the circuit board. The exposed pad on the package provides both electrical contact to the ground and a good thermal contact to the printed circuit board. IN–, IN+ (Pins 8, 9): Differential Signal Input. For optimum performance these pins should be driven with a differential signal. The input can be driven single-ended, with some performance degradation, by connecting the unused pin to RF ground through a capacitor. An internally generated 1.65V ground referenced bias voltage is present on these pins, thus DC blocking is required. LGND (Pin 10): DC Ground Return for the Input Amplifier. For the best performance, this pin must be connected to a good low impedance ground. The typical current from this pin is 36mA. For some applications, an external resistor may be used to reduce the total current in the mixer core, which could affect performance. 5562f For more information www.linear.com/LTC5562 LTC5562 BLOCK DIAGRAM 11 7 6 LTC5562 VCC GND BIAS 8 9 10 IN– IN+ OUT – + – OUT+ EN LGND LO+ 1 5 4 3 LO– 2 5562 BD 5562f For more information www.linear.com/LTC5562 11 LTC5562 TEST CIRCUITS C11 IN 50Ω T1 1:1 C1 11 7 6 GND GND VCC 8 IN– DC2483A-A EVALUATION BOARD STACK-UP (ROGERS RO4003C) C12 VCC L2 L3 C10 VCC C6 C9 OUT – 5 L1 C2 LTC5562 9 IN+ C7 T2 4:1 OUT+ 4 3 4 2 5 1 6 OUT 50Ω 0.012” 0.062” 0.016” RF GND BIAS GND NC C8 R1 10 LGND EN 3 LO+ 1 LO– 2 5562 F01 C3 L4 C4 EN C5 LO 50Ω Figure 1. Low Power Upconverting Mixer Test Schematic REF DES VALUE SIZE VENDOR C1, C2, C3, C8, C9, C10, C11 CAP, 1000pF 0402 Murata GRM Series Murata GRM Series C12 CAP, 2.2µF 0603 R1 0Ω 0402 T1 XFMR, 1:1 (4.5MHz – 3000MHz) AT224-1 C6, C7 CAP, 1.5pF Mini-Circuits TC1-1-13M+ fIN = 140MHz, fLO = 1040MHz, fOUT = 900MHz 0402 Murata GRM Series C4 Not Used 0402 C5 CAP, 100pF 0402 Murata GRM Series L1, L2, L3 IND, 40nH 0402 Coilcraft 0402HP Series L4 IND, 7.5nH 0402 Coilcraft 0402HP Series T2 XFMR, 4:1 (800MHz – 2.6GHz) 0805 Anaren Model BD0826J50200AHF C4, C6, C7 CAP, 1.2pF 0402 Murata GRM Series C5 CAP, 10pF 0402 Murata GRM Series fIN = 240MHz, fLO = 3.36GHz, fOUT = 3.6GHz* L1, L2, L3 IND, 3.6nH 0402 Coilcraft 0402HP Series L4 IND, 1.5nH 0402 Murata LQG16HS1N5 T2 XFMR, 4:1 (3.3GHz – 4.2GHz) GE0805C-1 Mini-Circuits NCS4-442+ C6, C7 CAP, 100pF fIN = 900MHz, fLO = 4.9GHz, fOUT = 5.8GHz 0402 Murata GRM Series C4 CAP, 0.2pF 0402 Murata GJM Series C5 CAP, 0.5pF 0402 Murata GJM Series L2, L3 IND, 3.9nH 0402 Coilcraft 0402HP Series L1, L4 IND, 1nH 0402 Coilcraft 0402HP Series T2 XFMR, 4:1 (4.5GHz – 6GHz) GE0805C-1 Mini-Circuits NCS4-63+ *Standard Evaluation Board Schematic, DC2483A-A 12 5562f For more information www.linear.com/LTC5562 LTC5562 TEST CIRCUITS C12 IN 50Ω C1 T1 1:1 11 7 6 GND GND VCC 8 IN– C3 C11 L2 OUT – 5 LTC5562 R1 10 LGND LO+ 1 C5 C8 OUT+ 4 EN 3 LO– 2 VCC T2 C9 OUT 50Ω C7 C2 9 IN+ DC2483A-B EVALUATION BOARD STACK-UP (ROGERS RO4003C) C13 L3 0.012” 0.062” 0.016” RF GND BIAS GND C10 EN 5562 F02 C4 L1 C6 LO 50Ω Figure 2. Low Power Downconverting Mixer Test Schematic REF DES VALUE SIZE VENDOR C1, C2, C4, C9, C10 CAP, 1000pF 0402 Murata GRM Series C11, C12 CAP, 10nF, 10%, X5R, 10V 0402 Murata GRM Series Murata GRM Series C13 CAP, 2.2µF 0603 R1 0Ω 0402 fIN = 900MHz, fLO = 1040MHz, fOUT = 140MHz* C3, C5, C7, C8 Not Used C6 CAP, 1000pF 0402 Murata GRM Series L2, L3 IND, 100nH 0402 Coilcraft 0402AF L1 IND, 7.5nH 0402 Coilcraft 0402HP T1 XFMR, 1:1 (4.5MHz – 3000MHz) AT224-1 Mini-Circuits TC1-1-13M+ T2 XFMR, 8:1 (2MHz – 500MHz) AT224-1 Mini-Circuits TC8-1-10LN+ fIN = 3.5GHz, fLO = 3.044GHz, fOUT = 456MHz L2, L3 CAP, 3.3pF C3 Not Used C5 CAP, 0.9pF 0402 Murata GRM Series 0402 Murata GRM Series C6 CAP, 10pF 0402 Murata GRM Series C7, C8 IND, 56nH 0402 Coilcraft 0402HP L1 IND, 1.5nH 0402 Murata LQG15HS1N5 T1 XFMR, 1:1 (10MHz – 8000MHz) DB1627-1 Mini-Circuits TCM1-83X+ T2 XFMR, 4:1 (10MHz – 1900MHz) DB714 Mini-Circuits TCM4-19 C7, C8 Not Used C3, C6 CAP, 0.5pF fIN = 5.8GHz, fLO = 4.9GHz, fOUT = 800MHz 0402 Murata GRM Series C5 CAP, 0.2pF 0402 Murata GRM Series L2, L3 IND, 33nH 0402 Coilcraft 0402HP L1 IND, 1.0nH 0402 Coilcraft 0402HP T1 XFMR, 1:1 (10MHz – 8000MHz) DB1627-1 Mini-Circuits TCM1-83X+ T2 XFMR, 4:1 (10MHz – 1900 MHz) DB714 Mini-Circuits TCM4-19 *Standard Evaluation Board Schematic, DC2483A-B 5562f For more information www.linear.com/LTC5562 13 LTC5562 APPLICATIONS INFORMATION Introduction The LTC5562 is a general purpose, low power double balanced mixer. It can be configured as an upconverting or downconverting mixer that can be used in wideband or narrowband applications. A differential common emitter stage at the mixer input allows for very broadband input matching. The IN port is differential but can be driven with a single-ended signal simply by adding a bypass cap to RF ground on one of the input pins. However, for best performance, the IN pins should be configured differentially. The LO port is differential, but can be driven with a single-ended signal, as well, simply by adding a bypass cap to RF ground on one of the input pins. LO leakage will be reduced if the LO is driven differentially. Additionally, low side or high side injection can be used on the LO port. The OUT ports have a higher impedance, designed to provide conversion gain while maintaining good linearity with lower current. External components are required to optimize the impedance match for the desired frequency range. See the Pin (a) Upconversion (DC2483A-A) Functions and Block Diagram sections for a description of each pin. The upconverting test circuit, shown in Figure 1, utilizes bandpass matching and a 4:1 multilayer chip balun to realize a single-ended output. The downconverting test circuit, in Figure 2, uses a 8:1 wire-wound balun. The outputs may also be used to provide a differential signal, if DC blocking capacitors are used to isolate the output. Test circuit schematics showing all external components required for the data sheet specified performance are shown in Figures 1 and 2. Additional components may be used to modify the DC supply current or frequency response, which will be discussed in the following sections. The LTC5562 can be powered down by applying a low logic signal to the EN pin. Bias voltages are maintained during shutdown to enable a fast turn-on time. The part will default to shutdown mode if the EN pin is left floating. The upconverting and downconverting evaluation boards are shown in Figures 3(a) and 3(b). (b) Downconversion (DC2483A-B) Figure 3. LTC5562 Evaluation Board Layouts 14 5562f For more information www.linear.com/LTC5562 LTC5562 APPLICATIONS INFORMATION IN Port Interface A simplified schematic of the mixer’s input is shown in Figure 4. The IN+ and IN– pins drive the bases of the input amplifier and internal resistors are used for impedance matching. These pins are internally biased to a common mode voltage of 1.65V, thus capacitors C1 and C2 provide DC isolation and can be used for impedance matching. A small value capacitor, C3, can be used to improve the impedance match at higher frequencies. The 1:1 transformer, T1, provides the single-ended to differential conversion. VCC C1 1nF The tail current of the input amplifier flows through pin 10 (LGND). Typically this pin should be directly connected to ground; however, a resistor can be connected between LGND and the board ground plane to reduce the total current consumption of the LTC5562. See LGND (Reduced Current) section for more information. VBIAS LTC5562 IN– Table 1. IN Port Differential Impedance 8 IN Parallel equivalent differential input impedances for various frequencies are listed in Table 1. At frequencies below 30MHz, the impedance match is limited by internal capacitors, thus additional external components may be needed to optimize the input impedance. IMPEDANCE (Ω) T1 C3 1:1 C2 1nF IN+ 9 VBIAS VCC VCC 10 LGND 5562 F04 Figure 4. IN Port with External Matching The typical return loss at the IN port is shown in Figure 5 for a selection of 1:1 transformers. Adding a 0.5pF capacitor at C3 will extend the impedance match. IN Port Return Loss vs Frequency 0 C1 = C2 = 1nF –5 RETURN LOSS (dB) –10 C3 = OPEN –15 REFL. COEFF. FREQ (MHz) REAL* IMAG* PARALLEL EQUIVALENT MAG ANG (°) 10 133.3 –159.0 100.1pF 0.50 –39.6 100 73.3 –740.2 2.1pF 0.19 –14.3 500 72.1 –1376.5 0.2pF 0.18 –8.0 1000 71.5 –779.7 0.2pF 0.18 –14.2 1500 70.6 –498.5 0.2pF 0.18 –22.3 2000 68.1 –353.5 0.2pF 0.17 –32.7 2500 63.6 –249.3 0.3pF 0.16 –49.6 3000 59.3 –163.6 0.3pF 0.18 –72.3 3500 58.4 –110.3 0.4pF 0.25 –86.1 4000 63.5 –84.7 0.5pF 0.33 –88.5 4500 72.8 –77.3 0.5pF 0.40 –85.2 5000 78.3 –76.0 0.4pF 0.43 –83.1 5500 77.5 –74.9 0.4pF 0.43 –84.1 6000 71.7 –72.3 0.4pF 0.41 –88.6 6500 63.8 –68.1 0.4pF 0.40 –96.0 7000 54 –62.6 0.4pF 0.39 –107.2 7500 43.2 –56.6 0.4pF 0.38 –122.3 8000 33.4 –49.9 0.4pF 0.42 –138.3 * Parallel Equivalent Impedance –20 C3 = OPEN –25 C3 = 0.5pF –30 T1=TC1–1–13M+ T1=TCM1–83X+ T1=TCM1–83X+ –35 –40 0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 7000 8000 INPUT FREQUENCY (MHz) 5562 F05 Figure 5. IN Port Return Loss 5562f For more information www.linear.com/LTC5562 15 LTC5562 APPLICATIONS INFORMATION LO Input Interface LTC5562 The LTC5562 can be driven by a single-ended or differential LO. For the performance shown in the Electrical Characteristics tables and the Typical Performance curves, the LO is driven single-ended. If driven differentially, the LO to OUT leakage may improve. The LO input pins are internally biased to a VCC referenced voltage, thus external capacitors are required to provide DC isolation. External components are required to optimize the impedance match for the desired frequency range. The impedance match will be maintained when the part is disabled, as well. LO+ 1 IMPEDANCE (Ω) FREQ (MHz) REAL IMAG 2 5562 F06 1nF Table 2 lists the single-ended input impedance and reflection coefficient vs frequency for the LO input, configured as shown in Figure 6. The differential impedance versus frequency are shown in Table 3. Table 2. Single-Ended LO Input Impedance LO– VCC Figure 6. LO Input Schematic Table 3. Differential LO Input Impedance REFL. COEFF. PARALLEL EQUIVALENT MAG ANG (°) IMPEDANCE (Ω) FREQ (MHz) REAL IMAG REFL. COEFF. PARALLEL EQUIVALENT MAG ANG (°) 10 195.29 –2576.34 6.18pF 0.59 –2.38 10 222.3 –5085.3 3.1pF 0.63 –1.2 100 146.83 –414.95 3.84pF 0.5 –15.49 100 208.3 –2039.9 0.8pF 0.61 –3 500 109.66 –231.63 1.37pF 0.4 –30.07 500 201.4 –410.5 0.8pF 0.61 –14.8 1000 97.6 –134.35 1.18pF 0.39 –51.17 1000 181.7 –200 0.8pF 0.59 –30.1 1500 83.74 –88.92 1.19pF 0.41 –73.77 1500 155.7 –127.7 0.8pF 0.57 –46.5 2000 69.2 –61.86 1.29pF 0.45 –96.19 2000 128.6 –88.6 0.9pF 0.56 –64.8 2500 55.43 –43.99 1.45pF 0.51 –115.94 2500 104.5 –63.4 1pF 0.56 –84.6 3000 46.27 –33.62 1.58pF 0.58 –128.66 3000 93.3 –49.1 1.1pF 0.61 –99 3500 41.73 –28.88 1.57pF 0.62 –134.75 3500 97.8 –43.3 1.1pF 0.66 –104.5 4000 35.81 –26.5 1.5pF 0.63 –140.08 4000 99.6 –40.2 1pF 0.69 –107.8 4500 27.13 –26.16 1.35pF 0.61 –147.71 4500 77 –36.7 1pF 0.66 –115.1 5000 18.47 –27.4 1.16pF 0.6 –159.29 5000 46.5 –31.4 1pF 0.61 –130.2 5500 12.46 –45.33 0.64pF 0.63 –172.3 5500 25.7 –28.0 1pF 0.59 –149.1 6000 10.37 60.6 1.61nH 0.66 –184.12 6000 15.2 –31.6 0.8pF 0.61 –165.6 6500 12.45 30.73 0.75nH 0.65 –190.37 6500 11.9 –243.2 0.1pF 0.62 –178.6 7000 12.18 18.8 0.43nH 0.71 –193.06 7000 11.3 73.5 1.7nH 0.64 –184.1 7500 12.9 17.26 0.37nH 0.72 –194.49 7500 11.2 64.8 1.4nH 0.64 –184.5 8000 11.05 14.2 0.28nH 0.76 –192.46 8000 10.7 –109.2 0.2pF 0.65 –177.5 8500 10.9 17.57 0.33nH 0.73 –191.44 8500 12.1 –53.5 0.4pF 0.63 –173.8 9000 12.7 24.24 0.43nH 0.67 –192.41 9000 15.1 –100.4 0.2pF 0.55 –174.4 9500 23.78 26.13 0.44nH 0.61 –208.38 9500 21.2 62.7 1.1nH 0.46 –197.0 16 5562f For more information www.linear.com/LTC5562 LTC5562 APPLICATIONS INFORMATION The measured return loss of the matched LO input port, as drawn in Figure 7, is shown in Figure 8. The component values required for each frequency band are given in Table 4. LTC5562 Table 4. Components for LO Match FREQUENCY BAND FREQUENCY RANGE (MHz) L4 (Ω/nH) C4 (Ω/pF) C5 (pF) B1 10 to 1200 0Ω 85Ω 1000 B2 500 to 1400 7.5nH Open 1000 B3 2000 to 2550 3.3nH 1.2pF 3.3 B4 3200 to 3950 1.5nH 0.9pF 10 B5 4250 to 5050 1nH 0.2pF 0.5 B6 6050 to 6700 0Ω Open 0.25 OUT Port Interface LO+ 1 LO– VCC 2 L4 C4 5562 F07 0.1µF C5 LO 50Ω The differential output interface is shown in Figure 9. The OUT+ and OUT– pins are open-collector outputs with internal load resistors that provide a 720Ω differential output resistance at very low frequencies. The output matching network must include a low resistance DC current path to VCC to properly bias the mixer core. OUT+ and OUT– pins each require approximately 18mA of current at the maximum operating bias condition. Figure 7. LO Input Schematic with External Matching LTC5562 LO Input Return Loss –4 18mA –6 4 –8 OUT+ RETURN LOSS (dB) –10 –12 –14 –16 B4 –18 –20 –22 B1 –24 B5 –26 –28 B2 VCC B3 0 B6 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 7000 LO FREQUENCY (MHz) 5562 F08 5 OUT – 18mA Figure 8. Single-Ended LO Input Return Loss 5562 F09 Figure 9. Output Interface 5562f For more information www.linear.com/LTC5562 17 LTC5562 APPLICATIONS INFORMATION Figure 10 shows the equivalent circuit of the output and Table 5 lists differential impedances for various frequencies. The impedance values are listed in parallel equivalent form, with equivalent capacitances also shown. For optimum single-ended performance, the differential output signal must be combined through an external transformer or a discrete balun circuit. In applications where differential filters or amplifiers follow the mixer, it is possible to eliminate the transformer and drive these components differentially. LTC5562 0.3nH 4 670Ω OUT + 0.25pF 0.3nH 5 Output Matching The output matching networks for several popular frequency bands are shown in Table 6 for both upconverting and downconverting applications. Please refer to the schematic shown in Figure 11 for component placement. Most of the matching networks in Table 6 are designed using a 4:1 impedance transformer which is convenient to transform the match from 200Ω to 50Ω, while providing a wide bandwidth output. For very low frequency applications, an 8:1 impedance transformer is used as shown in Table 6, Downconverting Application. The transformation network B1 provides a low frequency, wide bandwidth match with only 2 matching inductors. The return loss data for each matching network is shown in Figures 12 and 13. OUT – VCC 5562 F10 LTC5562 Figure 10. OUT Port Equivalent Circuit Table 5. Differential OUT Port Impedance IMPEDANCE (Ω) L2 L3 OUT – 5 L1 REFL. COEFF. FREQ (MHz) REAL* IMAG* PARALLEL EQUIVALENT MAG ANG (°) 10 664.3 –26193.2 0.6pF 0.86 –0.2 100 626.6 –5116.1 0.3pF 0.85 –1.1 500 634.2 –858.4 0.4pF 0.85 –6.7 1000 598.9 –432.6 0.4pF 0.85 –13.3 1500 538 –293.7 0.4pF 0.83 –19.5 2000 487.5 –220.1 0.4pF 0.82 –25.9 2500 444.4 –168.6 0.4pF 0.81 –33.4 3000 413 –130.5 0.4pF 0.81 –42.4 3500 414.7 –107.9 0.4pF 0.82 –50.2 4000 477.6 –97.9 0.4pF 0.85 –54.5 4500 569.7 –94.7 0.4pF 0.87 –56.0 5000 587.8 –91.7 0.4pF 0.88 –57.5 5500 533.4 –86.8 0.3pF 0.87 –60.2 6000 454.2 –79.9 0.3pF 0.85 –64.5 6500 375.4 –73.3 0.3pF 0.83 –69.2 7000 334 –67.4 0.3pF 0.82 –73.9 7500 275.4 –59.6 0.4pF 0.81 –81.1 8000 249.7 –52.0 0.4pF 0.81 –89 OUT+ 4 C6 C7 T2 C8 OUT 50Ω 5562 F11 Figure 11. Output Matching Network Schematic * Parallel Equivalent Impedance 18 5562f For more information www.linear.com/LTC5562 LTC5562 APPLICATIONS INFORMATION Table 6. OUT Port Component Values Upconverting Application FREQUENCY BAND FREQUENCY (GHz) L2, L3 (nH) L1 (nH) C6, C7 (pF/nH) C8 (pF) B1 0.65 to 0.95 40 40 1.5pF 1000 Anaren 4:1 BD0826J50200AHF B2 2.3 to 2.7 12 10 4.7nH 1000 Mini Circuits 4:1 NCS4-272+ T2 B3 3.55 to 3.9 3.6 3.6 1.2pF 1000 Mini Circuits 4:1 NCS4-442+ B4 5.2 to 6.1 3.9 1 100pF 1000 Mini Circuits 4:1 NCS4-63+ FREQUENCY BAND FREQUENCY (MHz) L2, L3 (nH) L1 (nH) C6, C7 (pF/nH) C8 (pF) B1 2 to 400 Open Open 100nH 1000 Mini Circuits TC8-1-10LN+ B2 600 to 980 Open Open 33nH 1000 Mini Circuits 4:1 TCM4-19+ B3 1400 to 1600 5.6nH Open 1.2pF 1000 Mini Circuits 4:1 TCM4-25+ Downconverting Application T2 –4 –6 –8 RETURN LOSS (dB) –10 –12 –14 –16 –18 B4 –20 B2 –22 B3 B1 –24 –26 –28 800 1600 2400 3200 4000 4800 5600 6400 OUTPUT FREQUENCY (MHz) 5562 F12 Figure 12. Output Return Loss for Upconverting Application (Refer to Table 6 for Component Values) Downconverting Output Return Loss –4 –6 –8 RETURN LOSS (dB) –10 –12 –14 –16 –18 –20 –22 B1 –24 B2 B3 –26 –28 0 200 400 600 800 10001200140016001800 OUTPUT FREQUENCY (MHz) 5562 F13 Figure 13. Output Return Loss for Downconverting Application (Refer to Table 6 for Component Values) 5562f For more information www.linear.com/LTC5562 19 LTC5562 APPLICATIONS INFORMATION DC and RF Grounding The LTC5562 relies on the backside ground for both RF and thermal performance. The exposed pad must be soldered to the low impedance top-side ground plane of the board. The top-side ground should also be connected to other ground layers to aid in thermal dissipation and insure a low inductance RF ground. The LTC5562 evaluation boards (Figure 3) utilize 4 vias under the exposed pad for this purpose. In addition, pin 7, GND, is shorted to the exposed pad on the top layer. Enable Interface Figure 14 shows a simplified schematic of the EN pin interface. To enable the part, the applied EN voltage must be greater than 1.8V. If the enable function is not required, EN may be connected directly to VCC. The voltage at the enable pin must not exceed the power supply voltage by more than 0.3V. Otherwise, supply current may be VCC LTC5562 6 sourced through the upper ESD diode. If this is unavoidable, a current limiting resistor should be added in series with the EN pin. When the EN voltage is less than 0.5V, the LTC5562 is in shutdown mode. Internal bias voltages are maintained to enable fast turn-on times. Refer to the Electrical Characteristics table for typical performance. LGND (Reduced Current) To achieve the highest linearity, LGND, pin 10, should be connected directly to the ground plane. However, LGND may be used to reduce the DC current consumption of the LTC5562 by connecting a small series resistor between LGND and GND. In general, a lower bias current will reduce the linearity of the LTC5562, but will also reduce the noise figure. At low frequencies, the performance degradation due to reduced current will be small. As the operating frequency increases, the performance will decrease by a more significant amount. Refer to Table 7 for measured performance data vs LGND resistance. EN 3 Table 7. Performance Comparison vs LGND Resistance 300kΩ fIN = 140MHz, fOUT = 900MHz UP MIXER 5562 F14 Figure 14. Enable Pin Interface VCC LTC5562 8 IN– IN+ VCC VCC 10 LGND 5562 F15 R1 Figure 15. LGND Current Adjust Interface 20 R1 (Ω) ITotal (mA) Gain (dB) OIP3 (dBm) NF (dB) Gain (dB) OIP3 (dBm) NF (dB) 0 40 1.7 21.4 13.5 1.2 21 14.6 5 35 1.7 21.3 13.1 1.2 21 13.4 10 30 1.7 21.3 12.5 1.1 20.5 13.1 20 25 1.55 20.9 11.8 1 16 12.2 33 20 1.38 17.5 11.2 0.8 11.1 11.9 60 15 1.3 12.2 10.8 fIN = 5.8GHz, fOUT = 800MHz DOWN MIXER 9 fIN = 240MHz, fOUT = 3.6GHz R1 (Ω) ITotal (mA) Gain (dB) OIP3 (dBm) NF (dB) 0 40 2.2 16.3 14.3 5 35 2 15.8 14.1 10 30 1.8 14.5 13.7 20 25 1.6 11.8 13 33 20 1.1 8.9 12.2 5562f For more information www.linear.com/LTC5562 LTC5562 APPLICATIONS INFORMATION Supply Voltage the supply inductance, this could result in a supply voltage transient that exceeds the maximum rating. A supply voltage ramp time of greater than 1ms is recommended. High quality ceramic capacitors such as X5R or X7R should be used as bypass capacitors for VCC. The capacitors should be located on the same side of the PCB as the LTC5562 and as close to pin 6 as possible. Wide, low inductance traces should be used. The ground connection to the bypass capacitor should connect to the top side ground and to the low inductance ground plane. If possible, multiple ground vias should be used. Spurious Output Levels Mixer spurious output levels vs harmonics of the RF and LO are tabulated in Tables 8 and 9. The spur levels were measured on a standard evaluation board using the test circuit shown in Figures 1 and 2. The spur frequencies can be calculated using the following equation: Fast ramping of the supply voltage can cause a current glitch in the internal ESD protection circuits. Depending on FSPUR = |M • fIN ± N • fLO| Table 8. Downconversion Output Spur Levels (dBc), FSPUR = |M • fIN – N • fLO| (fIN = 5.8GHz, PIN = –12dBm, fLO = 5.0GHz, PLO = 0dBm, VCC = 3.3V, fOUT = 800MHz N M 0 1 2 3 4 5 0 – –41.6 –15.6 –59.4 –39.6 * 1 53.6 0** < –75 –38.5 < –75 –69.3 2 –65.7 < –75 –73.9 < –75 < –75 < –75 3 < –75 < –75 < –75 < –75 < –75 < –75 4 * < –75 < –75 < –75 < –75 < –75 5 * < –75 < –75 < –75 < –75 < –75 *Out of Range for Test Equipment **Carrier Frequency Table 9. Downconversion Output Spur Levels (dBc), FSPUR = |M • fIN + N • fLO| (fIN = 5.8GHz, PIN = –12dBm, fLO = 5.0GHz, PLO = 0dBm, VCC = 3.3V, fOUT = 800MHz N M 0 1 2 3 4 5 0 – –41.6 –15.7 –59.5 –39.6 * 1 –53.7 –34.4** –71.4 * * * 2 –65.8 < –75 * * * * 3 < –75 * * * * * 4 * * * * * * 5 * * * * * * *Out of Range for Test Equipment **Image Frequency 5562f For more information www.linear.com/LTC5562 21 LTC5562 TYPICAL APPLICATIONS The following examples illustrate the wide ranging capabilities of the LTC5562, with performance in both up mixing and down mixing applications shown. These circuits were evaluated using the board layouts shown in Figures 3(a) and 3(b). 10nF IN 50Ω TC1-1-13M+ 1:1 1nF 8 11 7 6 GND GND VCC IN– Upconverter with 2.45GHz Output In this example, the LTC5562 was evaluated for an application with the input frequency at 140MHz, an RF output of 2.45GHz and low side LO injection. The schematic is shown in Figure 16 and the Gain, NF and OIP3 performance vs Input Frequency is shown in Figure 17. Also, for port matching data refer to Figures 5, 8 and 12. 2.2μF 3.3VDC 12nH 10nH 1nF LTC5562 1nF 4.7nH OUT – 5 9 IN+ 10nF 12nH 4.7nH OUT+ 4 4:1 3 4 2 5 1 NCS4-272+ 6 OUT 50Ω N/C 10nF 10 LGND 1.2pF EN 3 LO+ LO– 1 2 EN 5562 F16 1nF 3.3nH 3.3pF LO 50Ω Figure 16. Upconverter Schematic with 2.45GHz Output GAIN (dB) & OIP3 (dBm) Conv. Gain and OIP3 vs Input Freq. 26 24 22 20 18 16 14 12 10 8 6 4 2 0 f OUT = 2450MHz PLO = –2dBm LOW SIDE LO 50 250 GAIN OIP3 NF 450 650 850 1050 INPUT FREQUENCY (MHz) 1250 5562 F17 Figure 17. Gain, Noise Figure and OIP3 vs Input Frequency in the 2.45GHz Application 22 5562f For more information www.linear.com/LTC5562 LTC5562 TYPICAL APPLICATIONS LTC5562 Phase Detector the resistor network R1, R2 and R3 while providing the proper bias for the OUT pins. The EN pin is connected directly to VCC to prevent exceeding the ABS MAX limit when powered down The IN and LO ports are matched between 20MHz to 600MHz, however, the LTC5562 can be used as a phase detector at higher frequencies with proper matching. The LTC5562 has a low 1/f corner and a low thermal noise floor. Refer to the Electrical Characteristics table for typical noise floor specifications. The output of the LTC5562 is DC-coupled and differential, therefore, it is suitable to be used as a phase detector with a positive or a negative response. The schematic is shown in Figure 18 and the phase detector gain and phase response with positive slope is shown in Figure 19 for a 200MHz input frequency. In this application, a 5V supply voltage is used to accommodate the voltage drop across C6 10nF 8 5V VCC R3 40.2Ω 3 11 7 6 GND GND VCC IN– EN OUT – 5 OUT – R1 40.2Ω C2 1000pF LTC5562 9 IN+ C5 10nF OUT+ 4 10 LGND LO+ R2 40.2Ω OUT+ LO– 1 2 C4 1000pF 5562 F18 C3 1000pF T2 TC2-72T+ LO 50Ω 20MHz TO 600MHz Figure 18. Phase Detector Test Schematic 0.6 FIN = FLO=200MHz, PLO=0dBm 12 0.5 10 0.4 8 0.3 6 0.2 4 0.1 2 0.0 –2 –4 VOUT, PIN = 0dBm –6 KPHI, PIN = 0dBm VOUT, PIN = +4dBm –8 KPHI, PIN = +4dBm –10 –0.2 –0.3 –0.4 –0.5 –0.6 –90 0 KPHI –0.1 KPHI (mV/°) DIFFERENTIAL OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V) IN 50Ω 20MHz TO 600MHz T1 TC2-72T+ C1 1000pF R4 340Ω –60 –30 0 30 PHASE DIFFERENCE (°) 60 90 –12 5562 G19 Figure 19. Phase Detector DC Output and Gain vs Phase fIN = fLO = 200MHz, PLO = 0dBm 5562f For more information www.linear.com/LTC5562 23 LTC5562 TYPICAL APPLICATIONS LTC5562 Low Power Broadband Downconverter with Single-Ended Input 10nF 2.2μF 3.3VDC GND 1nF IN 50Ω 6 20 VCC 18 7 GND 8 IN– OUT – 5 1nF 13Ω LTC5562 10 LGND LO+ 1 OUT+ 4 LO– 2 7.5nH 8pF EN 3 10nF 100nH EN OUT 50Ω Total 18 16 10 14 8 4 6 0 4 vs FREQUENCY 80 INPUT LO LEAKAGE (dB) –14 –16 –18 –20 OUTPUT –30 –40 50 40 2LO–OUT 30 –50 –70 –26 2400 5562 F22 Figure 22. Return Loss vs Frequency R1 = 13Ω, ITOTAL = 28.5mA 70 60 LO–IN 20 –60 –24 800 1200 1600 2000 INPUT FREQUENCY (MHz) IN–OUT –20 –12 400 PLO = 0dBm IN ISOLATION (dB) RETURN LOSS (dB) –10 LO –10 24 2 1900 1100 1300 1500 1700 INPUT FREQUENCY (MHz) 0 10 8 Figure 21. Conversion Gain, IIP3 and NF vs Input Frequency R1 = 13Ω, ITOTAL = 28.5mA, PLO = –2dBm –6 –28 10 2 Total –22 12 IIP3 GAIN NF 6 5562 F21 Figure 20. Low Power, Single-Ended Input, Downconverting Mixer –8 20 12 LO 50Ω –4 22 14 –2 900 1nF 24 f OUT = 140MHz LOW SIDE LO VCC = 3.3V 16 5562 F20 LO NF (dB) 9 IN+ TC8-1-10LN+ 8:1 100nH GAIN (dB) & IIP3 (dBm) 11 IN–LO 10 LO–OUT 0 –80 800 1000 1200 1400 1600 1800 2000 2200 2400 FREQUENCY (MHz) 5562 F23 Figure 23. IN Isolation and LO Leakage vs Frequency 5562f For more information www.linear.com/LTC5562 LTC5562 PACKAGE DESCRIPTION Please refer to http://www.linear.com/product/LTC5562#packaging for the most recent package drawings. UC10 Package 10-Lead Plastic QFN (2mm × 2mm), Flip Chip (Reference LTC DWG # 05-08-1534 Rev Ø) 0.70 ±0.05 2.50 ±0.05 1.10 ±0.05 0.5 ±0.05 0.3 ±0.05 PACKAGE OUTLINE 0.25 ±0.05 0.50 BSC RECOMMENDED SOLDER PAD PITCH AND DIMENSIONS PIN 1 BAR TOP MARK (SEE NOTE 6) 2.00 ±0.05 (4 SIDES) 0.50 REF 0.40 ±0.10 8 0.75 ±0.05 10 7 1 2 6 5 0.200 REF C 0.125 0.30 REF R = 0.125 TYP (UC10) QFN REV Ø 0316 3 0.25 ±0.05 0.50 BSC BOTTOM VIEW—EXPOSED PAD 0.00 – 0.05 NOTE: 1. DRAWING NOT TO SCALE 2. ALL DIMENSIONS ARE IN MILLIMETERS 3. DIMENSIONS OF EXPOSED PAD ON BOTTOM OF PACKAGE DO NOT INCLUDE MOLD FLASH. MOLD FLASH, IF PRESENT, SHALL NOT EXCEED 0.15mm ON ANY SIDE 4. EXPOSED PAD SHALL BE SOLDER PLATED 5. SHADED AREA IS ONLY A REFERENCE FOR PIN 1 LOCATION ON THE TOP AND BOTTOM OF PACKAGE 5562f Information furnished by Analog Devices is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, no responsibility is assumed by Analog Devices for its use, nor for any infringements of patents or other rights of third parties that may result from its use. Specifications subject to change without notice. No license is granted by implication or otherwise under any patent or patent rights of Analog Devices. For more information www.linear.com/LTC5562 25 LTC5562 TYPICAL APPLICATION 3.6GHz Downconverter with Switchable Current 10nF Conversion Gain and IIP3 vs Output Frequency, fIN = 3.6GHz 2.2μF 22 3.3VDC TCM1-83X+ 1:1 7 6 GND GND VCC 8 IN– OUT – 5 1nF LTC5562 9 IN+ FULL CURRENT REDUCED CURRENT 10 LGND 34.8Ω LO+ 1 0.9pF OUT+ 4 LO– 2 1.5nH EN 3 TC8-1-10LN+ 8:1 100nH 10nF 20 18 OUT 50Ω 100nH EN GAIN (dB) & IIP3 (dBm) 3.6GHz IN 50Ω 1nF 11 vs Output Frequency, FIN = 3.6GHz PLO = –2dBm LOW SIDE LO 16 IIP3, ITOTAL = 20mA GAIN, ITOTAL = 20mA IIP3, ITOTAL = 40mA GAIN, ITOTAL = 40mA 14 12 10 8 6 4 2 5562 TA02a 0 1nF –2 120 160 200 240 280 320 OUTPUT FREQUENCY (MHz) 360 5562 TA02b 10pF LO 50Ω 3.24GHz TO 3.48GHz RELATED PARTS PART NUMBER DESCRIPTION Mixers and Modulators LTC5510 1MHz to 6GHz Wideband High Linearity Active Mixer LT®5560 0.01MHz to 4GHz Low Power Active Mixer LTC5567 300MHz to 4GHz, 3.3V Dual Active Downconverting Mixer LTC5576 3GHz to 8GHz High Linearity Active Upconverting Mixer Amplifiers LTC6430-15 High Linearity Differential IF Amp LTC6431-15 High Linearity Single-Ended IF Amp LTC6412 31dB Linear Analog VGA RF Power Detectors LT5538 40MHz to 3.8GHz Log Detector LT5581 6GHz Low Power RMS Detector LTC5582 27dBm OIP3, 1.5dB Gain, Up/Downconversion, 3.3V or 5V Supply, ICC = 105mA 9dBm IIP3, 2.4dB Gain, Up/Downconversion, 3.3V or 5V Supply, ICC = 10mA 2dB Gain, 26.8dBm IIP3 and 11.7dB NF, 3.3V/180mA Supply 25dBm OIP3, –0.6dB Gain, –154dBm/Hz Output Noise Floor, 3.3V or 5V Supply, ICC = 99mA 20MHz to 2GHz Bandwidth, 15.2dB Gain, 50dBm OIP3, 3dB NF at 240MHz 20MHz to 1.7GHz Bandwidth, 15.5dB Gain, 47dBm OIP3, 3.3dB NF at 240MHz 35dBm OIP3 at 240MHz, Continuous Gain Range –14dB to 17dB ±0.8dB Accuracy Over Temperature, –72dBm Sensitivity, 75dB Dynamic Range 40dB Dynamic Range, ±1dB Accuracy Over Temperature, 1.5mA Supply Current ±0.5dB Accuracy Over Temperature, ±0.2dB Linearity Error, 57dB Dynamic Range 40MHz to 10GHz RMS Detector ADCs LTC2208 16-Bit, 130Msps ADC LTC2153-14 14-Bit, 310Msps Low Power ADC RF PLL/Synthesizer with VCO LTC6946-1/ Low Noise, Low Spurious Integer-N PLL with Integrated VCO LTC6946-2/ LTC6946-3 26 COMMENTS 78dBFS Noise Floor, >83dB SFDR at 250MHz 68.8dBFS SNR, 88dB SFDR, 401mW Power Consumption 373MHz to 5.79GHz, –157dBc/Hz Wideband Phase Noise Floor, –100dBc/Hz Closed-Loop Phase Noise 5562f LT 1217 • PRINTED IN USA www.linear.com/LTC5562 For more information www.linear.com/LTC5562 ANALOG DEVICES, INC. 2017