marlow industries, inc. Subsidiary of II-VI INCORPORATED TECHNICAL DATA SHEET Preliminary EHA-LXXLXX-R01-L1 Thermal Energy Harvesting Demo Unit Water to Water Min ∆Tsys (°C) N TYPICAL PERFORMANCE VALUES 2.0 2.3V 3.3V 4.1V 5.0V 0.4 0.6 0.7 0.8 2.9 3.8 4.5 5.1 TI O P at 5°C ∆Tsys (mW) P at 35°C ∆Tsys (mW) C U D O EPR TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CURVES Marlow’s EH series offers a range of source-to-application, thermoelectric-based energy harvesting systems for evaluation and testing. Each system integrates a Marlow electrically-matched, thermally- optimized custom thermoelectric generator and heat sink with a Linear Technology LTC series voltage step-up converter to provide the customer with tools and flexibility necessary to evaluate a wide range of test conditions. The EHA-LXXLXX-R01-L1 is designed to harvest power from the temperature difference between warm and cool fluid streams. ORDERING OPTIONS Model Number EHA-L37L37-R01-L1 EHA-L50L50-R01-L1 Description For pipe diameter 9.5mm[.375”] For pipe diameter 12.7mm[0.5”] PR CONTACT US: For customer support or general questions please contact a local office below or consult our website for distributor information. Marlow Industries, Inc. 10451 Vista Park Road Dallas Texas 75238-1645 214-340-4900 (tel) 214-341-5212 (fax) www.marlow.com Marlow Industries Europe GmbH Brunnenweg 19-21 64331 Weiterstadt Germany Tel.: +49 (0) 6150 5439 - 403 Fax: +49 (0) 6150 5439 - 400 [email protected] II-VI Japan Inc. WBG Marive East 17F 2-6 Nakase, Mihama-ku Chiba-Shi, Chiba 261-7117 Japan 81 43 297 2693 (tel) 81 43 297 3003 (fax) [email protected] www.ii-vi.co.jp II-VI Singapore Pte., Ltd. Blk. 5012, Techplace II #04-07 & 05-07/12, Ang Mo Kio Ave. 5 Singapore 569876 (65) 6481 8215 (tel) (65) 6481 8702 (fax) [email protected] www.ii-vi.com.sg DOC # 102-0389 REV 3 - PAGE 1 OF 4 Marlow Industries China, II-VI Technologies Beijing A subsidiary of II-VI Incorporated Rm 202, 1# Lize 2nd Middle Road Wangjing, Chaoyang District Beijing 100102 China 010-64398226 ext 105 (tel) 010-64399315 (fax) [email protected] For more information please see: http://www.marlow.com/power-generators/energyharvesting-solutions/ EHA-L37L37-R01-L1 or EHA-L50L50-R01-L1 PR IMPORTANT NOTE: Output from the EH-A-LXXLXX-R01-L1 is strongly a function of heat source, ambient temperature, and electrical load downstream of the converter. Data given on this sheet is representative of typical system performance under steady-state flow and thermal conditions and is intended for selecting the appropriate EH series assembly. The data should not be taken as comprehensive or representative of every operating condition. For further information about or questions regarding the EHA-LXXLXX-R01-L1, please contact a Marlow applications engineer. AVAILABLE MODIFICATIONS Marlow can custom design the EH system to maximize power output, or to meet size, form factor, or temperature constraints for any thermal energy harvesting application. In special cases, Marlow can customize units to accommodate DOC # 102-0389 REV 3 - PAGE 2 OF 4 9.5 34.4 EHA-L37L37-R01-L1 12.7 40.4 EHA-L50L50-R01-L1 TI O C PIN FUNCTIONS WIRE HARNESS PINOUT OPERATION CAUTIONS: For maximum reliability, continuous operation below 85°C is recommended. Do not attempt to disassemble without contacting a Marlow engineer. Doing so could result in permanent damage to the TG or other system components. Model Number alternating temperature difference or a reverse temperature difference. Contact an application engineer for more information. D O EPR CONTENTS: 1 EHA-LXXLXX-R01-L1 Assembly, 1 Wire Harness B (mm) U Dimensions are in Millimeters INSTALLATION: Assembly should be mounted to hot and cold fluid lines using the provided mounting brackets and M 3 bolts with a maximum torque of 5.0 in-lbs. A layer of graphite has been adhered to the pipe mounting surface on the EHA-LXXLXX-R01-L1 to ensure a good thermal contact between the mounting pipe and the EHA assembly. Performance will vary greatly with ambient conditions. For best results, insulate the fluid lines feeding into the assembly. During installation, observe precautions for handling electrostatic sensitive devices. A (mm) N MECHANICAL DRAWING MECHANICAL DRAWING WIRE COLOR FUNCTION PIN RED VOUT 1 BLACK GND1 2 WHITE VLDO 3 BROWN GND2 4 GREY PGD 5 GREEN VSTORE 6 BLUE TCOLD 7 ORANGE TCOLD 8 YELLOW THOT 9 PURPLE THOT 10 VOUT (PIN 1) Main output of the converter. The voltage at this pin is regulated to the voltage selected by VS1 and VS2. To select an output voltage, change the jumper locations at VS1 and VS2 on the board according to the VOUT Options table below. Pin 1 may be connected to an auxiliary capacitor. A 220μF capacitor is already connected to this pin. See Application Notes sections of this datasheet for more information. EHA-L37L37-R01-L1 or EHA-L50L50-R01-L1 of the TEG can affect temperatures. It is recommended that the user place and monitor external thermocouples/thermisters/RTD’s on both the heat source and heat sink (or ambient conditions) in addition to monitoring the on-board thermistors. Vout OPTIONS VS1 VS2 VOUT GND GND 2.35V VAUX GND 3.3V GND VAUX 4.1V VAUX VAUX 5V T TI O PGD (PIN 5) Power good output that monitors the VOUT voltage. The PGD output is designed to drive a microprocessor or other chip I/O and is not intended to drive a higher current load such as an LED. When VOUT is within 7.5% of its programmed value, PGD will be pulled up to VLDO through a 1MΩ resistor. If VOUT drops 9% below its programmed value PGD will go low. Manufacturer: GE Industrial Sensing (Thermometrics) PN: A040A-UBCF16XF103X-A Resistance at 25°C: 10 KOhm +/- 0.20% β 25/100: 3992 K +/- 1% 298K 3992K 3992K ln 10k R 298K ln 10k R C VLDO (PIN 3) Output of the 2.2V Low Drop Out (LDO). The LTC3108 includes a low current LDO to provide a regulated 2.2V output for powering low power processors and other low power ICs. The LDO output is current limited to 4mA. N GND1 (PIN 2), GND2 (PIN 4) Ground pin. U where R is the resistance of the thermistor that you want to measure and T is the temperature of the thermistor. PR VSTORE (PIN 6) Output for the storage capacitor or battery. The VSTORE output can be used to charge a large storage capacitor or rechargeable battery. The storage element on VSTORE can be used to power the system in the event that the input source is lost or is unable to provide the current demanded by VOUT and LDO output. A large capacitor may be connected from this pin to GND for powering the system in the event the input voltage is lost. It will be charged up to 5.25V. Note that it may take a long time to charge a larger capacitor, depending on the input energy available and the loading on VOUT and VLDO. Since the maximum current from VSTORE is limited to a few milliamps, it can safely be used to tricklecharge NiCd or NiMH rechargeable batteries for energy storage when the input voltage is lost. Note that the VSTORE capacitor cannot supply large pulse currents to VOUT. Any pulse load on VOUT must be handled by the VOUT capacitor. If not used, this pin should be left open. THOT, TCOLD (PINS 7-10) Thermistor leads for hot side and cold side TEG temperatures. The temperature readings from the on-board thermistors monitor the hot side and cold side of the embedded TEG. In application, these temperatures will be different than the source and sink temperatures used to define the system temperature difference included in the performance plot. The following figure shows how thermal resistance on either side DOC # 102-0389 REV 3 - PAGE 3 OF 4 APPLICATION CIRCUIT EPR O D APPLICATION NOTES VSTORE CUSTOMER ADDITION + TEG VLDO 2.2µF Converter VOUT + + 220µF µP SENSORS PGD RF LINK GND VOUT and VSTORE Capacitor For pulsed load applications, the VOUT capacitor should be sized to provide the necessary current when the load is pulsed on. The capacitor value required will be dictated by the load current, the duration of the load pulse, and the amount of voltage drop the circuit can tolerate. The capacitor must be rated for the voltage selected for VOUT by VS1 and VS2. Cout F ILoad mA tPulse ms VOUT V ∆ VOUT is the maximum allowable voltage drop on VOUT. Note that there must be enough energy available from the input voltage source for VOUT to recharge the capacitor during the interval between load pulses. Reducing the duty cycle of the EHA-L37L37-R01-L1 or EHA-L50L50-R01-L1 load pulse will allow operation with less input energy. The VSTORE capacitor may be a very large value (thousands of microfarads or even Farads), to provide holdup at times when the input power may be lost. Note that this capacitor may charge to 5.25V (regardless of the settings for VOUT), so ensure that the holdup capacitor has a working voltage rating of at least 5.5V at the temperature for which it will be used. The VSTORE capacitor can be sized using the following: In many pulsed load applications, the duration, magnitude and frequency of the load current bursts are known and fixed. In these cases the charge current required from the LTC3108 to support average load must be calculated, by the following: IBurst t T N U ICHG IQ TI O where 6μA is the quiescent current of the LTC3108, IQ is the load on VOUT in between bursts, ILDO is the load on the LDO between bursts, IBURST is the total load during the burst, t is the duration of the burst, f is the frequency of the burst, TSTORE is the storage time required, and VOUT is the output voltage required. Note that for a programmed output voltage of 5V, the VSTORE capacitor cannot provide any beneficial storage time. Storage capacitors requiring voltage balancing are not recommended due to the current draw of the balancing resistor. To evaluate operation under electrical load conditions use the following procedure: 1. Connect the load/battery/capacitor/resistor between pins 1 and 2 (See image below). 2. Connect a voltmeter across the load. 3. If possible, connect a small resistor or current shunt in series between pin 1 and the load/battery/capacitor/resistor between pins 1 and 2. Use this shunt to calculate current out of VOUT. 4. Bring the hot side of the assembly to the desired temperature by raising the source temperature and monitoring the hot side thermistor via pins 9 and 10 on the wire harness. 5. Measure the voltage drop across the load device/resistor and the current from the shunt. Use voltage and current to calculate power. 6. Check the calculated power against the performance curve plot on page 1. C 6 A IQ ILDO IBurst t f TStore CStore 5.25 VOUT SET-UP TIPS O D where IQ is the sleep current on VOUT required by the external circuitry in between bursts (including cap leakage), IBURST is the total load current during the burst, t is the time duration of the burst and T is the period of the transmit burst rate (essentially the time between bursts). The EHA-LXXLXX-R01-L1 is now ready for further evaluation in your application. If you have any questions on this test procedure or how to test the unit in your application, please contact a Marlow application engineer for further assistance. For more information, please refer to the Contact Us section of this datasheet. PR EPR To assess your thermal interface between the EHA-LXXLXXR01-L1 and your hot and cold fluid lines and estimate your expected maximum current, follow these procedures to measure your short circuit current: 1. Connect a 200Ω resistor in series between pins 1 and 2. 2. Connect a voltmeter across the 200Ω resistor. 3. Bring the hot side of the assembly to the desired temperature by raising the source temperature and monitoring the hot side thermistor via pins 9 and 10 on the wire harness. Note that pins 9 and 10 measure the hot side of the TEG and not the source temperature. There could be several degrees difference between TSOURCE and THOT, so Marlow recommends mounting a thermocouple to the source to independently monitor TSOURCE. If the discrepancy is greater than 5°C, there may be thermal interface or mounting issues and Marlow recommends remounting the EHA-LXXLXX-R01-L1. 4. Allow the assembly temperature to stabilize and measure the voltage drop across the resistor. 5. Convert the voltage to a current using I=V/R. 6. Check that the short circuit current matches closely with the performance curve plot on page 1. DOC # 102-0389 REV 3 - PAGE 4 OF 4