TI1 ADS8698 4- and 8-channel, single-supply, sar adc Datasheet

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ADS8694, ADS8698
SBAS686 – JULY 2015
ADS869x 18-Bit, 500-kSPS, 4- and 8-Channel, Single-Supply, SAR ADCs with
Bipolar Input Ranges
1 Features
2 Applications
•
•
•
•
•
•
1
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
18-Bit ADCs with Integrated Analog Front-End
4-, 8-Channel MUX with Auto and Manual Scan
Channel-Independent Programmable Inputs:
– ±10.24 V, ±5.12 V, ±2.56 V
– 10.24 V, 5.12 V
5-V Analog Supply: 1.65-V to 5-V I/O Supply
Constant Resistive Input Impedance: 1 MΩ
Input Overvoltage Protection: Up to ±20 V
On-Chip, 4.096-V Reference with Low Drift
Excellent Performance:
– 500-kSPS Aggregate Throughput
– DNL: ±0.5 LSB; INL: ±1.5 LSB
– Low Drift for Gain Error and Offset
– SNR: 93.5 dB; THD: –105 dB
– Low Power: 65 mW
AUX Input → Direct Connection to ADC Inputs
ALARM → High and Low Thresholds per Channel
SPI™-Compatible Interface with Daisy-Chain
Industrial Temperature Range: –40°C to 125°C
TSSOP-38 Package (9.7 mm × 4.4 mm)
DVDD
ADS8698
ADS8694
1 M:
AIN_0P
AIN_0GND
OVP
2nd-Order
LPF
PGA
OVP
1 M:
ADC
Driver
3 Description
The ADS8694 and ADS8698 are 4- and 8-channel,
integrated data acquisition systems based on a 18-bit
successive approximation (SAR) analog-to-digital
converter (ADC), operating at a throughput of
500 kSPS. The devices feature integrated analog
front-end circuitry for each input channel with
overvoltage protection up to ±20 V, a 4- or 8-channel
multiplexer with automatic and manual scanning
modes, and an on-chip, 4.096-V reference with low
temperature drift. Operating on a single 5-V analog
supply, each input channel on the devices can
support true bipolar input ranges of ±10.24 V,
±5.12 V, and ±2.56 V, as well as unipolar input
ranges of 0 V to 10.24 V and 0 V to 5.12 V. The gain
of the analog front-end for all input ranges is
accurately trimmed to ensure a high dc precision. The
input range selection is software-programmable and
independent for each channel. The devices offer a
1-MΩ constant resistive input impedance irrespective
of the selected input range.
The ADS8694 and ADS8698 offer a simple SPIcompatible serial interface to the digital host and also
support daisy-chaining of multiple devices. The digital
supply operates from 1.65 V to 5.25 V, enabling
direct interface to a wide range of host controllers.
Block Diagram
AVDD
Power Automation
Protection Relays
PLC Analog Input Modules
VB0
1 M:
AIN_1P
AIN_1GND
OVP
2nd-Order
LPF
PGA
OVP
1 M:
Device Information(1)
ADC
Driver
VB1
PART NUMBER
PACKAGE
BODY SIZE (NOM)
1 M:
OVP
2nd-Order
LPF
PGA
OVP
1 M:
Digital
Logic
and
Interface
ADC
Driver
VB2
1 M:
OVP
2nd-Order
LPF
PGA
OVP
1 M:
OVP
2nd-Order
LPF
PGA
OVP
1 M:
ADC
Driver
VB4
18-Bit
SAR ADC
Additional Channels in ADS8698
OVP
2nd-Order
LPF
PGA
OVP
1 M:
ADC
Driver
Oscillator
Gain Error versus Temperature
0.05
DAISY
VB5
ALARM
OVP
2nd-Order
LPF
PGA
OVP
1 M:
0.03
RST / PD
1 M:
AIN_6P
AIN_6GND
9.70 mm × 4.40 mm
SDO
REFSEL
1 M:
AIN_5P
AIN_5GND
TSSOP (38)
(1) For all available packages, see the orderable addendum at
the end of the datasheet.
SDI
VB3
1 M:
AIN_4P
AIN_4GND
SCLK
ADC
Driver
Multiplexer
AIN_3P
AIN_3GND
ADS869x
CS
ADC
Driver
REFCAP
VB6
REFIO
Gain (%FS)
AIN_2P
AIN_2GND
0.01
-0.01
----- ± 2.5*VREF
----- “ 1.25*VREF
----- “ 0.625*VREF
----- + 2.5*VREF
-----+1.25*VREF
1 M:
AIN_7P
AIN_7GND
OVP
PGA
OVP
1 M:
AUX_IN
AUX_GND
2nd-Order
LPF
ADC
Driver
-0.03
4.096-V
Reference
VB7
-0.05
Internal ADC Operating as 16-Bit ADC
±40
AGND
DGND
REFGND
±7
26
59
Free-Air temperature (oC)
92
125
C027
1
An IMPORTANT NOTICE at the end of this data sheet addresses availability, warranty, changes, use in safety-critical applications,
intellectual property matters and other important disclaimers. PRODUCTION DATA.
ADS8694, ADS8698
SBAS686 – JULY 2015
www.ti.com
Table of Contents
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Features ..................................................................
Applications ...........................................................
Description .............................................................
Revision History.....................................................
Device Comparison Table.....................................
Pin Configuration and Functions .........................
Specifications.........................................................
7.1
7.2
7.3
7.4
7.5
7.6
7.7
8
8.4 Device Functional Modes........................................ 34
8.5 Register Maps ......................................................... 47
1
1
1
2
3
3
5
9
Application and Implementation ........................ 63
9.1 Application Information............................................ 63
9.2 Typical Applications ................................................ 63
10 Power-Supply Recommendations ..................... 66
11 Layout................................................................... 67
11.1 Layout Guidelines ................................................. 67
11.2 Layout Example .................................................... 68
Absolute Maximum Ratings ...................................... 5
ESD Ratings.............................................................. 5
Recommended Operating Conditions....................... 5
Thermal Information .................................................. 5
Electrical Characteristics........................................... 6
Timing Requirements: Serial Interface.................... 10
Typical Characteristics ............................................ 11
12 Device and Documentation Support ................. 69
12.1
12.2
12.3
12.4
12.5
12.6
Detailed Description ............................................ 20
8.1 Overview ................................................................. 20
8.2 Functional Block Diagram ....................................... 20
8.3 Feature Description................................................. 21
Documentation Support ........................................
Related Links ........................................................
Community Resources..........................................
Trademarks ...........................................................
Electrostatic Discharge Caution ............................
Glossary ................................................................
69
69
69
69
69
69
13 Mechanical, Packaging, and Orderable
Information ........................................................... 70
4 Revision History
2
DATE
REVISION
NOTES
July 2014
*
Initial release.
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SBAS686 – JULY 2015
5 Device Comparison Table
PRODUCT
RESOLUTION (Bits)
CHANNELS
SAMPLE RATE (kSPS)
ADS8694
18
4, single-ended
500
ADS8698
18
8, single-ended
500
6 Pin Configuration and Functions
DBT Package
38-Pin TSSOP
Top View (Not to Scale)
SDI
1
38 CS
RST/PD
2
37 SCLK
DAISY
3
36 SDO
REFSEL
4
35 ALARM
REFIO
5
REFGND
6
REFCAP
SDI
1
38 CS
RST/PD
2
37 SCLK
DAISY
3
36 SDO
REFSEL
4
35 ALARM
34 DVDD
REFIO
5
34 DVDD
33 DGND
REFGND
6
33 DGND
7
32 AGND
REFCAP
7
32 AGND
AGND
8
31 AGND
AGND
8
31 AGND
AVDD
9
30 AVDD
AVDD
9
AUX_IN 10
ADS8694
AUX_GND 11
29 AGND
AUX_IN 10
28 AGND
AUX_GND 11
NC 12
27 NC
AIN_6P 12
NC 13
26 NC
AIN_6GND 13
NC 14
25 NC
AIN_7P 14
NC 15
24 NC
AIN_7GND 15
23 AIN_3P
AIN_0P 16
22 AIN_3GND
AIN_0GND 17
21 AIN_2P
AIN_1P 18
20 AIN2_GND
AIN_1GND 19
30 AVDD
ADS8698
29 AGND
28 AGND
27 AIN_5P
26 AIN_5GND
25 AIN_4P
24 AIN_4GND
23 AIN_3P
AIN_0P 16
22 AIN_3GND
AIN_0GND 17
21 AIN_2P
AIN_1P 18
20 AIN2_GND
AIN_1GND 19
Pin Functions
PIN
NO.
NAME
ADS8694
I/O
DESCRIPTION
ADS8698
1
SDI
Digital input
Data input for serial communication.
2
RST/PD
Digital input
Active low logic input.
Dual functionality to reset or power-down the device.
3
DAISY
Digital input
Chain the data input during serial communication in daisy-chain mode.
Active low logic input to enable the internal reference.
When low, the internal reference is enabled;
REFIO becomes an output that includes the VREF voltage.
When high, the internal reference is disabled;
REFIO becomes an input to apply the external VREF voltage.
4
REFSEL
Digital input
5
REFIO
Analog input, output
6
REFGND
Power supply
Reference GND pin; short to the analog GND plane.
Decouple with REFIO on pin 5 and REFCAP on pin 7.
7
REFCAP
Analog output
ADC reference decoupling capacitor pin. Decouple with REFGND on pin 6.
8
AGND
Power supply
Analog ground pin. Decouple with AVDD on pin 9.
9
AVDD
Power supply
Analog supply pin. Decouple with AGND on pin 8.
10
AUX_IN
Analog input
Auxiliary input channel: positive input. Decouple with AUX_GND on pin 11.
11
AUX_GND
Analog input
Auxiliary input channel: negative input. Decouple with AUX_IN on pin 10.
Internal reference output and external reference input pin. Decouple with REFGND on pin 6.
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Pin Functions (continued)
PIN
NO.
NAME
I/O
DESCRIPTION
ADS8694
ADS8698
12
NC
AIN_6P
Analog input
Analog input channel 6, positive input. Decouple with AIN_6GND on pin 13.
No connection for the ADS8694; this pin can be left floating or connected to AGND.
13
NC
AIN_6GND
Analog input
Analog input channel 6, negative input. Decouple with AIN_6P on pin 12.
No connection for the ADS8694; this pin can be left floating or connected to AGND.
14
NC
AIN_7P
Analog input
Analog input channel 7, positive input. Decouple with AIN_7GND on pin 15.
No connection for the ADS8694; this pin can be left floating or connected to AGND.
15
NC
AIN_7GND
Analog input
Analog input channel 7, negative input. Decouple with AIN_7P on pin 14.
No connection for the ; this pin can be left floating or connected to AGND.
16
AIN_0P
Analog input
Analog input channel 0, positive input. Decouple with AIN_0GND on pin 17.
17
AIN_0GND
Analog input
Analog input channel 0, negative input. Decouple with AIN_0P on pin 16.
18
AIN_1P
Analog input
Analog input channel 1, positive input. Decouple with AIN_1GND on pin 19.
19
AIN_1GND
Analog input
Analog input channel 1, negative input. Decouple with AIN_1P on pin 18.
20
AIN2_GND
Analog input
Analog input channel 2, negative input. Decouple with AIN_2P on pin 21.
21
AIN_2P
Analog input
Analog input channel 2, positive input. Decouple with AIN_2GND on pin 20.
22
AIN_3GND
Analog input
Analog input channel 3, negative input. Decouple with AIN_3P on pin 23.
23
AIN_3P
Analog input
Analog input channel 3, positive input. Decouple with AIN_3GND on pin 22.
24
NC
AIN_4GND
Analog input
Analog input channel 4, negative input. Decouple with AIN_4P on pin 25.
No connection for the ADS8694; this pin can be left floating or connected to AGND.
25
NC
AIN_4P
Analog input
Analog input channel 4, positive input. Decouple with AIN_4GND on pin 24.
No connection for the ADS8694; this pin can be left floating or connected to AGND.
26
NC
AIN_5GND
Analog input
Analog input channel 5, negative input. Decouple with AIN_5P on pin 27.
No connection for the ADS8694; this pin can be left floating or connected to AGND.
27
NC
AIN_5P
Analog input
Analog input channel 5, positive input. Decouple with AIN_5GND on pin 26.
No connection for the ADS8694; this pin can be left floating or connected to AGND.
28
AGND
Power supply
Analog ground pin
29
AGND
Power supply
Analog ground pin
30
AVDD
Power supply
Analog supply pin. Decouple with AGND on pin 31.
31
AGND
Power supply
Analog ground pin. Decouple with AVDD on pin 30.
32
AGND
Power supply
Analog ground pin
33
DGND
Power supply
Digital ground pin. Decouple with DVDD on pin 34.
34
DVDD
Power supply
Digital supply pin. Decouple with DGND on pin 33.
35
ALARM
Digital output
Active high alarm output
36
SDO
Digital output
Data output for serial communication
37
SCLK
Digital input
Clock input for serial communication
38
CS
Digital input
Active low logic input; chip-select signal
4
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SBAS686 – JULY 2015
7 Specifications
7.1 Absolute Maximum Ratings
over operating free-air temperature range (unless otherwise noted) (1)
AIN_nP, AIN_nGND to GND (2)
AIN_nP, AIN_nGND to GND
(3)
MIN
MAX
UNIT
–20
20
V
–11
11
V
AUX_GND to GND
–0.3
0.3
V
AUX_IN to GND
–0.3
AVDD + 0.3
V
AVDD to GND or DVDD to GND
–0.3
7
V
REFCAP to REFGND or REFIO to REFGND
–0.3
5.7
V
GND to REFGND
–0.3
0.3
V
Digital input pins to GND
–0.3
DVDD + 0.3
V
Digital output pins to GND
–0.3
DVDD + 0.3
V
Operating temperature, TA
–40
125
°C
Storage temperature, Tstg
–65
150
°C
(1)
(2)
(3)
Stresses beyond those listed under Absolute Maximum Ratings may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings
only, and do not imply functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated under Recommended
Operating Conditions. Exposure to absolute-maximum-rated conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.
AVDD = 5 V or offers a low impedance of < 30 kΩ.
AVDD = floating with an impedance > 30 kΩ.
7.2 ESD Ratings
VALUE
V(ESD)
Electrostatic
discharge
Human body model (HBM), per ANSI/ESDA/JEDEC JS-001 (1)
Analog input pins
(AIN_nP; AIN_nGND)
±4000
All other pins
±2000
Charged device model (CDM), per JEDEC specification JESD22-C101 (2)
(1)
(2)
UNIT
V
±500
JEDEC document JEP155 states that 500-V HBM allows safe manufacturing with a standard ESD control process.
JEDEC document JEP157 states that 250-V CDM allows safe manufacturing with a standard ESD control process.
7.3 Recommended Operating Conditions
over operating free-air temperature range (unless otherwise noted)
MIN
NOM
MAX
UNIT
AVDD
Analog supply voltage
4.75
5
5.25
V
DVDD
Digital supply voltage
1.65
3.3
AVDD
V
7.4 Thermal Information
THERMAL METRIC (1)
ADS8694,
ADS8698
DBT (TSSOP)
UNIT
38 PINS
RθJA
Junction-to-ambient thermal resistance
68.8
°C/W
RθJC(top)
Junction-to-case (top) thermal resistance
19.9
°C/W
RθJB
Junction-to-board thermal resistance
30.4
°C/W
ψJT
Junction-to-top characterization parameter
1.3
°C/W
ψJB
Junction-to-board characterization parameter
29.8
°C/W
RθJC(bot)
Junction-to-case (bottom) thermal resistance
NA
°C/W
(1)
For more information about traditional and new thermal metrics, see the IC Package Thermal Metrics application report, SPRA953.
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7.5 Electrical Characteristics
Minimum and maximum specifications are at TA = –40°C to 125°C. Typical specifications are at TA = 25°C.
AVDD = 5 V, DVDD = 3 V, VREF = 4.096 V (internal), and fSAMPLE = 500 kSPS, unless otherwise noted.
PARAMETER
TEST CONDITIONS
MIN
TYP
MAX
UNIT
TEST
LEVEL (1)
ANALOG INPUTS
Full-scale input span (2)
(AIN_nP to AIN_nGND)
Operating input range,
positive input
AIN_nP
Input range = ±2.5 × VREF
–2.5 × VREF
2.5 × VREF
Input range = ±1.25 × VREF
–1.25 × VREF
1.25 × VREF
A
Input range = ±0.625 × VREF
–0.625 × VREF
0.625 × VREF
Input range = 2.5 × VREF
0
2.5 × VREF
A
Input range = 1.25 × VREF
0
1.25 × VREF
A
Input range = ±2.5 × VREF
–2.5 × VREF
2.5 × VREF
A
Input range = ±1.25 × VREF
–1.25 × VREF
1.25 × VREF
Input range = ±0.625 × VREF
–0.625 × VREF
0.625 × VREF
Input range = 2.5 × VREF
0
2.5 × VREF
A
Input range = 1.25 × VREF
0
1.25 × VREF
A
A
V
A
A
V
A
AIN_nGND
Operating input range,
negative input
All input ranges
–0.1
0
0.1
V
B
zi
Input impedance
At TA = 25°C,
all input ranges
0.85
1
1.15
MΩ
B
Input impedance drift
All input ranges
7
25
ppm/°C
B
IIkg(in)
Input leakage current
With voltage at AIN_nP pin = VIN,
input range = ±2.5 × VREF
VIN – 2.25
————
RIN
A
With voltage at AIN_nP pin = VIN,
input range = ±1.25 × VREF
VIN – 2.00
————
RIN
A
With voltage at AIN_nP pin = VIN,
input range = ±0.625 × VREF
VIN – 1.60
————
RIN
With voltage at AIN_nP pin = VIN,
input range = 2.5 × VREF
VIN – 2.50
————
RIN
A
With voltage at AIN_nP pin = VIN,
input range = 1.25 × VREF
VIN – 2.50
————
RIN
A
µA
A
INPUT OVERVOLTAGE PROTECTION
VOVP
(1)
(2)
6
Overvoltage protection voltage
AVDD = 5 V or offers low
impedance < 30 kΩ, all input ranges
–20
AVDD = floating with impedance
> 30 kΩ, all input ranges
–11
20
B
V
11
B
Test Levels: (A) Tested at final test. Over temperature limits are set by characterization and simulation. (B) Limits set by characterization
and simulation, across temperature range. (C) Typical value only for information, provided by design simulation.
Ideal input span, does not include gain or offset error.
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Electrical Characteristics (continued)
Minimum and maximum specifications are at TA = –40°C to 125°C. Typical specifications are at TA = 25°C.
AVDD = 5 V, DVDD = 3 V, VREF = 4.096 V (internal), and fSAMPLE = 500 kSPS, unless otherwise noted.
PARAMETER
TEST CONDITIONS
MIN
TYP
MAX
UNIT
TEST
LEVEL (1)
SYSTEM PERFORMANCE
Resolution
18
Bits
A
NMC
No missing codes
18
Bits
A
DNL
Differential nonlinearity
INL
Integral nonlinearity (4)
EG
Gain error
EO
–0.99
±0.5
2
LSB (3)
A
–5
±1.5
5
LSB
A
At TA = 25°C, all input ranges
±0.02
±0.05
%FSR (5)
A
Gain error matching
(channel-to-channel)
At TA = 25°C, all input ranges
±0.02
±0.05
%FSR
A
Gain error temperature drift
All input ranges
ppm/°C
B
Offset error
Offset error matching
(channel-to-channel)
Offset error temperature drift
1
4
At TA = 25°C,
input range = ±2.5 × VREF (6)
±0.5
±1
A
At TA = 25°C,
input range = ±1.25 × VREF
±0.5
±1
A
At TA = 25°C,
input range = ±0.625 × VREF
±0.5
±1.5
At TA = 25°C,
input range = 0 to 2.5 × VREF
±0.5
±2
A
At TA = 25°C,
input range = 0 to 1.25 × VREF
±0.5
±2
A
At TA = 25°C,
input range = ±2.5 × VREF (6)
±0.5
±1
A
At TA = 25°C,
input range = ±1.25 × VREF
±0.5
±1
A
At TA = 25°C,
input range = ±0.625 × VREF
±0.5
±1.5
At TA = 25°C,
input range = 0 to 2.5 × VREF
±0.5
±2
A
At TA = 25°C,
input range = 0 to 1.25 × VREF
±0.5
±2
A
1
3
All input ranges
mV
mV
A
A
ppm/°C
B
ns
A
ns
A
kSPS
A
SAMPLING DYNAMICS
tCONV
Conversion time
tACQ
Acquisition time
fS
Maximum throughput rate
without latency
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
825
1175
500
LSB = least significant bit.
This parameter is the endpoint INL, not best-fit INL.
FSR = full-scale range.
Does not include the shift in offset over time.
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Electrical Characteristics (continued)
Minimum and maximum specifications are at TA = –40°C to 125°C. Typical specifications are at TA = 25°C.
AVDD = 5 V, DVDD = 3 V, VREF = 4.096 V (internal), and fSAMPLE = 500 kSPS, unless otherwise noted.
PARAMETER
TEST CONDITIONS
MAX
UNIT
TEST
LEVEL (1)
MIN
TYP
Input range = ±2.5 × VREF
91
93.5
Input range = ±1.25 × VREF
90
92.5
Input range = ±0.625 × VREF
88
90.5
89.5
92
A
88
90.5
A
DYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS
Signal-to-noise ratio
(VIN – 0.5 dBFS at 1 kHz)
SNR
Input range = 2.5 × VREF
Input range = 1.25 × VREF
Total harmonic distortion (7)
(VIN – 0.5 dBFS at 1 kHz)
THD
Signal-to-noise ratio
(VIN – 0.5 dBFS at 1 kHz)
SINAD
SFDR
BW(–3
dB)
BW(–0.1 dB)
All input ranges
A
A
dB
–105
dB
A
B
Input range = ±2.5 × VREF
90
93.5
Input range = ±1.25 × VREF
89
92.3
A
Input range = ±0.625 × VREF
87.5
90.5
Input range = 2.5 × VREF
88.5
91.8
A
Input range = 1.25 × VREF
87.5
90.2
A
A
dB
A
Spurious-free dynamic range
(VIN – 0.5 dBFS at 1 kHz)
All input ranges
106
dB
B
Crosstalk isolation (8)
Aggressor channel input overdriven
to 2 × maximum input voltage
110
dB
B
Crosstalk memory (9)
Aggressor channel input overdriven
to 2 × maximum input voltage
90
dB
B
Small-signal bandwidth, –3 dB
At TA = 25°C, all input ranges
15
kHz
B
Small-signal bandwidth, –0.1 dB
At TA = 25°C, all input ranges
2.5
kHz
B
AUXILIARY CHANNEL
Resolution
V(AUX_IN)
AUX_IN voltage range
Operating input range
Bits
A
(AUX_IN – AUX_GND)
16
0
VREF
V
A
AUX_IN
0
VREF
V
A
AUX_GND
During sampling
Ci
Input capacitance
IIkg(in)
Input leakage current
DNL
Differential nonlinearity
INL
Integral nonlinearity
EG(AUX)
Gain error
At TA = 25°C
EO(AUX)
Offset error
At TA = 25°C
–5
SNR
Signal-to-noise ratio
V(AUX_IN) = –0.5 dBFS at 1 kHz
87
THD
Total harmonic distortion (7)
V(AUX_IN) = –0.5 dBFS at 1 kHz
SINAD
Signal-to-noise + distortion
V(AUX_IN) = –0.5 dBFS at 1 kHz
SFDR
Spurious-free dynamic range
V(AUX_IN) = –0.5 dBFS at 1 kHz
(7)
(8)
(9)
8
During conversion
0
V
A
75
pF
C
5
pF
C
100
nA
A
–0.99
±0.6
1.5
LSB
A
–4
±1.5
4
LSB
A
±0.02
±0.2
%FSR
A
mV
A
89
dB
A
–102
dB
B
88.5
dB
A
103
dB
B
86
5
Calculated on the first nine harmonics of the input frequency.
Isolation crosstalk is measured by applying a full-scale sinusoidal signal up to 10 kHz to a channel, not selected in the multiplexing
sequence, and measuring its effect on the output of any selected channel.
Memory crosstalk is measured by applying a full-scale sinusoidal signal up to 10 kHz to a channel that is selected in the multiplexing
sequence, and measuring its effect on the output of the next selected channel for all combinations of input channels.
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Electrical Characteristics (continued)
Minimum and maximum specifications are at TA = –40°C to 125°C. Typical specifications are at TA = 25°C.
AVDD = 5 V, DVDD = 3 V, VREF = 4.096 V (internal), and fSAMPLE = 500 kSPS, unless otherwise noted.
PARAMETER
TEST CONDITIONS
MIN
TYP
MAX
UNIT
TEST
LEVEL (1)
4.095
4.096
4.097
V
A
6
10
ppm/°C
B
µF
B
INTERNAL REFERENCE OUTPUT
V(REFIO_INT) (10)
Voltage on REFIO pin
(configured as output)
At TA = 25°C
Internal reference temperature
drift
C(OUT_REFIO)
Decoupling capacitor on REFIO
V(REFCAP)
Reference voltage to ADC
(on REFCAP pin)
C(OUT_REFCAP)
10
22
4.095
4.096
4.097
V
A
Reference buffer output
impedance
0.5
1
Ω
B
Reference buffer temperature
drift
0.6
1.5
ppm/°C
B
22
μF
B
15
ms
B
At TA = 25°C
Decoupling capacitor on
REFCAP
10
C(OUT_REFCAP) = 22 µF,
C(OUT_REFIO) = 22 µF
Turn-on time
EXTERNAL REFERENCE INPUT
VREFIO_EXT
External reference voltage on
REFIO (configured as input)
4.046
4.096
4.146
V
C
Analog supply
4.75
5
5.25
V
B
Digital supply range
1.65
3.3
AVDD
POWER-SUPPLY REQUIREMENTS
AVDD
Analog power-supply voltage
DVDD
Digital power-supply voltage
2.7
For the ADS8698; AVDD = 5 V, fS =
Dynamic, maximum and internal reference
AVDD
For the ADS8694; AVDD = 5 V, fS =
maximum and internal reference
IAVDD_DYN
IAVDD_STC
Digital supply range for specified
performance
Analog supply current
Static
3.3
5.25
13
16
B
V
B
A
mA
8.5
11.5
For the ADS8698; AVDD = 5 V,
device not converting and internal
reference
10
12
For the ADS8694; AVDD = 5 V,
device not converting and internal
reference
5.5
8.5
A
A
mA
A
ISTDBY
Standby
At AVDD = 5 V, device in STDBY
mode and internal reference
3
4.5
mA
A
IPWR_DN
Powerdown
At AVDD = 5 V, device in PWR_DN
3
20
μA
B
mA
A
IDVDD_DYN
Digital supply current
At DVDD = 3.3 V, output = 0000h
0.5
DIGITAL INPUTS (CMOS)
VIH
VIL
VIH
VIL
Digital input logic levels
DVDD > 2.1 V
0.7 × DVDD
DVDD + 0.3
–0.3
0.3 × DVDD
Digital input logic levels
DVDD ≤ 2.1 V
0.8 × DVDD
DVDD + 0.3
–0.3
0.2 × DVDD
V
V
A
A
A
A
Input leakage current
100
nA
A
Input pin capacitance
5
pF
C
DIGITAL OUTPUTS (CMOS)
VOH
VOL
Digital output logic levels
Floating state leakage current
IO = 500-μA source
0.8 × DVDD
DVDD
0
0.2 × DVDD
IO = 500-μA sink
Only for SDO
Internal pin capacitance
V
A
A
1
µA
A
5
pF
C
°C
B
TEMPERATURE RANGE
TA
Operating free-air temperature
–40
125
(10) Does not include the variation in voltage resulting from solder-shift and long-term effects.
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7.6 Timing Requirements: Serial Interface
Minimum and maximum specifications are at TA = –40°C to 125°C. Typical specifications are at TA = 25°C.
AVDD = 5 V, DVDD = 3 V, VREF = 4.096 V (internal), SDO load = 20 pF, and fSAMPLE = 500 kSPS, unless otherwise noted.
MIN
TYP
MAX
UNIT
500
kSPS
18
MHz
TIMING SPECIFICATIONS
fS
Sampling frequency (fCLK = max)
tS
ADC cycle time period (fCLK = max)
fSCLK
Serial clock frequency (fS = max)
tSCLK
Serial clock time period (fS = max)
tCONV
Conversion time
tDZ_CSDO
Delay time: CS falling to data enable
tD_CKCS
Delay time: last SCLK falling to CS rising
10
ns
tDZ_CSDO
Delay time: CS rising to SDO going to 3-state
10
ns
ns
2
µs
56
ns
825
ns
10
ns
TIMING REQUIREMENTS
tACQ
Acquisition time
1175
tPH_CK
Clock high time
0.4
0.6
tSCLK
tPL_CK
Clock low time
0.4
0.6
tSCLK
tPH_CS
CS high time
30
ns
tSU_CSCK
Setup time: CS falling to SCLK falling
30
ns
tHT_CKDO
Hold time: SCLK falling to (previous) data valid on SDO
10
ns
tSU_DOCK
Setup time: SDO data valid to SCLK falling
25
ns
tSU_DICK
Setup time: SDI data valid to SCLK falling
5
ns
tHT_CKDI
Hold time: SCLK falling to (previous) data valid on SDI
5
ns
tSU_DSYCK
Setup time: DAISY data valid to SCLK falling
5
ns
tHT_CKDSY
Hold time: SCLK falling to (previous) data valid on DAISY
5
ns
Sample
N
Sample
N+1
tS
tCONV
tACQ
tPH_CS
CS
tSU_CSCK
SCLK
1
tPH_CK
2
7
8
14
9
15
16
17
18
D17
#2
SDO
tSU_DICK
SDI
B15
B14
25
26
27
28
29
D8
#2
D7
#2
D6
#2
D5
#2
tHT_CKDO
tDV_CSDO
B10
B9
B8
B7
B3
B2
D16
#2
D9
#2
B0
X
30
31
32
D17
#1
34
tDZ_CSDO
D4
#2
D3
#2
D2
#2
D1
#2
D0
#2
Data from sample N
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
tSU_DSYCK
DAISY
tD_CKCS
33
tSU_DOCK
tHT_CKDI
B1
tSCLK
tPL_CK
D16
#1
D9
#1
D8
#1
D7
#1
D6
#1
D5
#1
X
X
X
tHT_CKDSY
D4
#1
D3
#1
D2
#1
D1
#1
D0
#1
Figure 1. Serial Interface Timing Diagram
10
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7.7 Typical Characteristics
15
15
9
9
Analog Input Current (µA)
Analog Input Current (µA)
At TA = 25°C, AVDD = 5 V, DVDD = 3 V, internal reference VREF = 4.096 V, and fSAMPLE = 500 kSPS, unless otherwise noted.
3
±3
----- ± 2.5*VREF
----- “ 1.25*VREF
----- “ 0.625*VREF
----- + 2.5*VREF
-----+1.25*VREF
±9
------- 250C
--------400C
--------1250C
3
±3
±9
±15
±15
±10
±6
±2
2
6
±10
10
Input Voltage (V)
±6
2
±2
6
10
Input Voltage (V)
C001
C002
Input range = ±2.5 × VREF
Figure 3. Input Current vs Temperature
Figure 2. Input I-V Characteristic
800
----- ± 2.5*VREF
----- “ 1.25*VREF
----- “ 0.625*VREF
----- + 2.5*VREF
-----+1.25*VREF
280
210
640
Number of Samples
Input Impedance Variation ( )
350
140
70
480
320
160
0
0
±70
±40
±7
26
59
92
Free-Air Temperature (oC)
0.85 0.88 0.91 0.94 0.97
125
1
1.03 1.06 1.09 1.12 1.15
Input Impedance (M )
C005
C006
Number of samples = 1160
Figure 4. Input Impedance Variation vs Temperature
Figure 5. Typical Distribution of Input Impedance
30000
24000
25000
Number of Hits
Number of Hits
18000
20000
15000
10000
12000
6000
5000
0
131062 131065 131068 131071 131074 131077 131080
Output Codes
0
131061
Mean = 131072.3, sigma = 2.02, input = 0 V,
range = ±2.5 × VREF
Figure 6. DC Histogram for Mid-Scale Inputs (±2.5 × VREF)
131065
131069
131073
131077
131081
Output Codes
C007
C008
Mean = 131072.3, sigma = 2.21, input = 0 V,
range = ±1.25 × VREF
Figure 7. DC Histogram for Mid-Scale Inputs (±1.25 × VREF)
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Typical Characteristics (continued)
24000
24000
18000
18000
Number of Hits
Number of Hits
At TA = 25°C, AVDD = 5 V, DVDD = 3 V, internal reference VREF = 4.096 V, and fSAMPLE = 500 kSPS, unless otherwise noted.
12000
12000
6000
6000
0
131060
0
131059 131063 131067 131071 131075 131079 131083
Output Codes
131076
131080
C010
Figure 9. DC Histogram for Mid-Scale Inputs (2.5 × VREF)
1.4
Differential Nonlinearity (LSB)
20000
16000
12000
8000
4000
0
131058
1
0.6
0.2
-0.2
-0.6
-1
131063
131068
131073
131078
0
131083
65536
131072
196608
Codes (LSB)
C011
Output Codes
262144
C012
All input ranges
Mean = 131072.3, sigma = 2.71, input = 0.625 × VREF,
range = 1.25 × VREF
Figure 11. Typical DNL for All Codes
Figure 10. DC Histogram for Mid-Scale Inputs
(1.25 × VREF)
2
1
Integral Nonlinearity (LSB)
1.4
Differential Nonlinearity (LSB)
131072
Mean = 131072.3, sigma = 2.42, input = 1.25 × VREF,
range = 2.5 × VREF
Figure 8. DC Histogram for Mid-Scale Inputs (±0.625 × VREF)
Maximum
0.6
0.2
-0.2
Minimum
-0.6
1
0
-1
-2
-1
±40
±7
26
59
92
Free-Air Temperature (oC)
125
0
65536
131072
196608
Codes (LSB)
C013
262144
C014
Range = ±2.5 × VREF
All input ranges
Figure 12. DNL vs Temperature
12
131068
Output Codes
Mean = 131072.3, sigma = 2.76, input = 0 V,
range = ±0.625 × VREF
Number of Hits
131064
C009
Figure 13. Typical INL for All Codes
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Typical Characteristics (continued)
2
2
1.5
1.5
Integral Nonlinearity (LSB)
Integral Nonlinearity (LSB)
At TA = 25°C, AVDD = 5 V, DVDD = 3 V, internal reference VREF = 4.096 V, and fSAMPLE = 500 kSPS, unless otherwise noted.
1
0.5
0
-0.5
-1
-1.5
1
0.5
0
-0.5
-1
-1.5
-2
-2
0
65536
131072
196608
Codes (LSB)
262144
0
65536
C015
Range = ±1.25 × VREF
C016
Figure 15. Typical INL for All Codes
2
2
1.5
1.5
Integral Nonlinearity (LSB)
Integral Nonlinearity (LSB)
262144
Range = ±0.625 × VREF
Figure 14. Typical INL for All Codes
1
0.5
0
-0.5
-1
1
0.5
0
-0.5
-1
-1.5
-1.5
-2
-2
0
65536
131072
196608
Codes (LSB)
0
262144
65536
131072
196608
262144
Codes (LSB)
C017
Range = 2.5 × VREF
C018
Range = 1.25 × VREF
Figure 16. Typical INL for All Codes
Figure 17. Typical INL for All Codes
2
2
Maximum
Maximum
Integral Nonlinearity (LSB)
Integral Nonlinearity (LSB)
131072
196608
Codes (LSB)
1
0
Minimum
±1
1
0
Minimum
±1
±2
±2
±40
±7
26
59
92
Free-Air Temperature (oC)
125
±40
C019
26
59
Free-AirTemperature (oC)
92
125
C020
Range = ±1.25 × VREF
Range = ±2.5 × VREF
Figure 18. INL vs Temperature (±2.5 × VREF)
±7
Figure 19. INL vs Temperature (±1.25 × VREF)
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Typical Characteristics (continued)
At TA = 25°C, AVDD = 5 V, DVDD = 3 V, internal reference VREF = 4.096 V, and fSAMPLE = 500 kSPS, unless otherwise noted.
2
2
Maximum
Integral Nonlinearity (LSB)
Integral Nonlinearity (LSB)
Maximum
1
0
Minimum
1
0
Minimum
±1
±1
±2
±2
±40
26
59
Free-AirTemperature (oC)
±7
92
125
±40
26
59
92
Free-Air Temperature (oC)
±7
C020
C021
Range = 2.5 × VREF
Range = ±0.625 × VREF
Figure 21. INL vs Temperature (2.5 × VREF)
Figure 20. INL vs Temperature (±0.625 × VREF)
1
2
Maximum
0.75
0.5
1
Offset Error (mV)
Integral Nonlinearity (LSB)
125
0
Minimum
±1
0.25
0
-0.25
----- ± 2.5*VREF
----- “ 1.25*VREF
----- “ 0.625*VREF
----- + 2.5*VREF
-----+1.25*VREF
-0.5
-0.75
-1
±2
±40
±7
26
59
92
125
Free-Air Temperature (oC)
±40
±7
26
59
92
Free-Air Temperature (oC)
C022
125
C024
Range = 1.25 × VREF
Figure 22. INL vs Temperature (1.25 × VREF)
Figure 23. Offset Error vs
Temperature Across Input Ranges
80
1
......CH0, .......CH1, ......CH2,
.......CH3, ......CH4, .......CH5,
........CH6, .......CH7
60
0.5
Offset Error (mV)
Number of Devices
0.75
40
20
0.25
0
-0.25
-0.5
-0.75
0
-1
0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2 2.2 2.4 2.6 2.8 3
Offset Drift (ppm/oC)
±40
Range = ±2.5 × VREF
26
59
92
125
C026
Range = ±2.5 × VREF
Figure 24. Typical Histogram for Offset Drift
14
±7
Free-Air Temperature (oC)
C025
Figure 25. Offset Error vs Temperature Across Channels
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Typical Characteristics (continued)
0.05
100
0.03
80
Number of Units
Gain (%FS)
At TA = 25°C, AVDD = 5 V, DVDD = 3 V, internal reference VREF = 4.096 V, and fSAMPLE = 500 kSPS, unless otherwise noted.
0.01
-0.01
----- ± 2.5*VREF
----- “ 1.25*VREF
----- “ 0.625*VREF
----- + 2.5*VREF
-----+1.25*VREF
-0.03
60
40
20
-0.05
0
±40
±7
26
59
92
125
Free-Air temperature (oC)
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
4
Gain Drift (ppm/oC)
C027
C028
Range = ±2.5 × VREF
Figure 27. Typical Histogram for Gain Error Drift
0.05
2
0.03
1.5
0.01
Gain (%FS)
Gain (%FS)
Figure 26. Gain Error vs Temperature Across Input Ranges
-0.01
-0.03
......CH0, .......CH1, ......CH2,
.......CH3, ......CH4, .......CH5,
........CH6, .......CH7
±7
26
59
0.5
----- ± 2.5*VREF
----- “ 1.25*VREF
----- “ 0.625*VREF
----- + 2.5*VREF
-----+1.25*VREF
0
-0.05
±40
1
92
-0.5
125
Free-Air Temperature (oC)
0
4
C029
8
12
16
20
C030
Source Resistance (k )
Range = ±2.5 × VREF
Figure 29. Gain Error vs External Resistance (REXT)
0
0
±40
±40
Amplitude (dB)
Amplitude (dB)
Figure 28. Gain Error vs Temperature Across Channels
±80
±120
±160
±80
±120
±160
±200
±200
0
50000
100000
150000
200000
250000
Input Frequency (Hz)
0
50000
Number of points = 64k, fIN = 1 kHz, SNR = 93.48 dB,
SINAD = 93.29 dB, THD = 106 dB, SFDR = 108 dB
Figure 30. Typical FFT Plot (±2.5 × VREF)
100000
150000
200000
250000
Input Frequency (Hz)
C031
C032
Number of points = 64k, fIN = 1 kHz, SNR = 92.4dB,
SINAD = 92.2dB, THD = 107 dB, SFDR = 110 dB
Figure 31. Typical FFT Plot (±1.25 × VREF)
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Typical Characteristics (continued)
0
0
±40
±40
Amplitude (dB)
Amplitude (dB)
At TA = 25°C, AVDD = 5 V, DVDD = 3 V, internal reference VREF = 4.096 V, and fSAMPLE = 500 kSPS, unless otherwise noted.
±80
±120
±160
±80
±120
±160
±200
±200
0
50000
100000
150000
200000
250000
Input Frequency (Hz)
0
100000
150000
200000
250000
Input Frequency (Hz)
Number of points = 64k, fIN = 1 kHz, SNR = 90.6dB,
SINAD = 90.45dB, THD = –106dB, SFDR = 109 dB
C034
Number of points = 64k, fIN = 1 kHz, SNR = 91.83 dB,
SINAD = 91.73 dB, THD = –108 dB, SFDR = 107 dB
Figure 32. Typical FFT Plot (±0.625 × VREF)
Figure 33. Typical FFT Plot (2.5 × VREF)
0
Signal-to-Noise Ratio (dB)
94.0
±40
Amplitude (dB)
50000
C033
±80
±120
±160
93.0
92.0
91.0
----- ± 2.5*VREF
----- “ 1.25*VREF
----- “ 0.625*VREF
----- + 2.5*VREF
-----+1.25*VREF
90.0
89.0
88.0
±200
0
50000
100000
150000
200000
250000
Input Frequency (Hz)
100
1000
Input Frequency (Hz)
C035
10000
C036
Number of points = 64k, fIN = 1 kHz, SNR = 90.55 dB,
SINAD = 90.3dB, THD = –106 dB, SFDR = 108 dB
Figure 34. Typical FFT Plot (1.25 × VREF)
Figure 35. SNR vs Input Frequency
94
Signal-to-Noise + Distortion Ratio (dB)
Signal-to-Noise Ratio (dB)
98
----- ± 2.5*VREF
----- “ 1.25*VREF
----- “ 0.625*VREF
----- + 2.5*VREF
-----+1.25*VREF
96
94
92
90
88
93
92
91
90
89
----- ± 2.5*VREF
----- “ 1.25*VREF
----- “ 0.625*VREF
----- + 2.5*VREF
-----+1.25*VREF
88
87
86
85
±40
±7
26
59
92
Free-Air Temperature (oC)
125
100
1000
Input Frequency (Hz)
C037
10000
C038
fIN = 1 kHz
Figure 36. SNR vs Temperature
16
Figure 37. SINAD vs Input Frequency
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Typical Characteristics (continued)
At TA = 25°C, AVDD = 5 V, DVDD = 3 V, internal reference VREF = 4.096 V, and fSAMPLE = 500 kSPS, unless otherwise noted.
±80
94
Total Harmonic Distortion (dB)
Signal-to-Noise + Distortion Ratio (dB)
95
93
92
91
----- ± 2.5*VREF
----- “ 1.25*VREF
----- “ 0.625*VREF
----- + 2.5*VREF
-----+1.25*VREF
90
89
88
±40
26
±7
59
92
±100
----- ± 2.5*VREF
----- “ 1.25*VREF
----- “ 0.625*VREF
----- + 2.5*VREF
-----+1.25*VREF
±110
±120
125
Free-Air Temperature (oC)
±90
10
2010
4010
6010
8010
10010
Input Frequency (Hz)
C039
C040
fIN = 1 kHz
Figure 38. SINAD vs Temperature
Figure 39. THD vs Input Frequency
±80
----- ± 2.5*VREF
----- “ 1.25*VREF
----- “ 0.625*VREF
----- + 2.5*VREF
-----+1.25*VREF
±90
Memory Crosstalk (dB)
Total Harmonic Distortion (dB)
±80
±100
±110
±95
±110
----- ± 2.5*VREF
----- “ 1.25*VREF
----- “ 0.625*VREF
----- + 2.5*VREF
-----+1.25*VREF
±125
±140
±120
±40
26
±7
59
92
50
125
Free-Air Temperature (oC)
500
5000
50000
500000
5000000
Input Frequency (Hz)
C041
C042
fIN = 1 kHz
Figure 40. THD vs Temperature
Figure 41. Memory Crosstalk vs Frequency
±80
----- ± 2.5*VREF
----- “ 1.25*VREF
----- “ 0.625*VREF
----- + 2.5*VREF
-----+1.25*VREF
±95
Memory Crosstalk (dB)
Isolation Crosstalk (dB)
±80
±110
±125
±140
±95
±110
----- ± 2.5*VREF
----- “ 1.25*VREF
----- “ 0.625*VREF
----- + 2.5*VREF
-----+1.25*VREF
±125
±140
50
500
5000
50000
500000
5000000
Input Frequency (Hz)
50
500
5000
50000
500000
5000000
Input Frequency (Hz)
C043
C044
Input = 2 × maximum input voltage
Figure 42. Isolation Crosstalk vs Frequency
Figure 43. Memory Crosstalk vs Frequency for
Overrange Inputs
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Typical Characteristics (continued)
At TA = 25°C, AVDD = 5 V, DVDD = 3 V, internal reference VREF = 4.096 V, and fSAMPLE = 500 kSPS, unless otherwise noted.
12
----- ± 2.5*VREF
----- “ 1.25*VREF
----- “ 0.625*VREF
----- + 2.5*VREF
-----+1.25*VREF
±95
IAVDD Dynamic (mA)
Isolation Crosstalk (dB)
±80
±110
±125
11.5
11
10.5
10
±140
100
1000
10000
100000
1000000
Input Frequency (Hz)
±40
10000000
±7
26
59
92
Free-Air Temperature (oC)
C045
125
C058
Input = 2 × maximum input voltage
Figure 45. AVDD Current vs Temperature for the ADS8698
(fS = 500 kSPS)
9
10
8.75
9.5
IAVDD Dynamic (mA)
IAVDD Static (mA)
Figure 44. Isolation Crosstalk vs Frequency for
Overrange Inputs
8.5
8.25
8
9
8.5
8
7.75
7.5
7.5
±40
±7
26
59
92
Free-Air Temperature (oC)
±40
125
±7
Figure 46. AVDD Current vs Temperature for the ADS8698
(During Sampling)
26
59
92
Free-Air Temperature (oC)
C059
125
C062
Figure 47. AVDD Current vs Temperature for the ADS8694
(fS = 500 kSPS)
6
2.3
IAVDD Standby (mA)
IAVDD Static (mA)
5.75
5.5
5.25
5
2.2
2.1
4.75
4.5
2
±40
±7
26
59
92
Free-Air Temperature(oC)
125
Figure 48. AVDD Current vs Temperature for the ADS8694
(During Sampling)
18
±40
±7
26
59
92
Free-Air Temperature (oC)
C063
125
C060
Figure 49. AVDD Current vs Temperature
(STANDBY)
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Typical Characteristics (continued)
At TA = 25°C, AVDD = 5 V, DVDD = 3 V, internal reference VREF = 4.096 V, and fSAMPLE = 500 kSPS, unless otherwise noted.
6
IAVDD PD (uA)
5
4
3
2
1
±40
±7
26
59
92
Free-Air Temperature (oC)
125
C077
Figure 50. AVDD Current vs Temperature
(Power Down)
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8 Detailed Description
8.1 Overview
The ADS8694 and ADS8698 are 18-bit data acquisition systems with 4- and 8-channel analog inputs,
respectively. Each analog input channel consists of an overvoltage protection circuit, a programmable gain
amplifier (PGA), and a second-order, antialiasing filter that conditions the input signal before being fed into a 4or 8-channel analog multiplexer (MUX). The output of the MUX is digitized using a 18-bit analog-to-digital
converter (ADC), based on the successive approximation register (SAR) architecture. This overall system can
achieve a maximum throughput of 500 kSPS, combined across all channels. The devices feature a 4.096-V
internal reference with a fast-settling buffer and a simple SPI-compatible serial interface with daisy-chain (DAISY)
and ALARM features.
The devices operate from a single 5-V analog supply and can accommodate true bipolar input signals up to
±2.5 × VREF. The devices offer a constant 1-MΩ resistive input impedance irrespective of the sampling frequency
or the selected input range. The integration of multichannel precision analog front-end circuits with high input
impedance and a precision ADC operating from a single 5-V supply offers a simplified end solution without
requiring external high-voltage bipolar supplies and complicated driver circuits.
8.2 Functional Block Diagram
DVDD
AVDD
ADS8698
ADS8694
1 M:
OVP
AIN_0P
PGA
AIN_0GND
OVP
1 M:
2nd-Order
LPF
ADC
Driver
2nd-Order
LPF
ADC
Driver
2nd-Order
LPF
ADC
Driver
VB0
1 M:
OVP
AIN_1P
PGA
AIN_1GND
OVP
1 M:
VB1
1 M:
OVP
AIN_2P
PGA
AIN_2GND
OVP
Digital
Logic
and
Interface
1 M:
VB2
1 M:
SCLK
OVP
AIN_3P
2nd-Order
LPF
PGA
AIN_3GND
CS
OVP
ADC
Driver
SDI
1 M:
VB3
OVP
2nd-Order
LPF
PGA
AIN_4GND
OVP
SDO
Multiplexer
1 M:
AIN_4P
ADC
Driver
18-Bit
SAR ADC
DAISY
1 M:
VB4
REFSEL
1 M:
OVP
AIN_5P
PGA
AIN_5GND
OVP
Additional Channels in ADS8698
1 M:
2nd-Order
LPF
ADC
Driver
2nd-Order
LPF
ADC
Driver
Oscillator
RST/PD
VB5
ALARM
1 M:
OVP
AIN_6P
PGA
AIN_6GND
OVP
1 M:
REFCAP
VB6
REFIO
1 M:
OVP
AIN_7P
2nd-Order
LPF
PGA
AIN_7GND
OVP
1 M:
ADC
Driver
4.096-V
Reference
VB7
AUX_IN
AUX_GND
Internal ADC operating as 16-bit
AGND
20
DGND
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8.3 Feature Description
8.3.1 Analog Inputs
The ADS8694 and ADS8698 have either four or eight analog input channels, respectively, such that the positive
inputs AIN_nP (n = 0 to 3 or 7) are the single-ended analog inputs and the negative inputs AIN_nGND are tied to
GND. Figure 51 shows the simplified circuit schematic for each analog input channel, including the input
overvoltage protection circuit, PGA, low-pass filter (LPF), high-speed ADC driver, and analog multiplexer.
1 M:
AIN_nP
OVP
AIN_nGND
OVP
PGA
2nd-Order
LPF
ADC
Driver
MUX
ADC
1 M:
CS
SCLK
SDI
SDO
DAISY
VB
NOTE: n = 0 to 3 for the ADS8694 and n = 0 to 7 for the ADS8698.
Figure 51. Front-End Circuit Schematic for Each Analog Input Channel
The devices can support multiple unipolar or bipolar, single-ended input voltage ranges based on the
configuration of the program registers. As explained in the Range Select Registers section, the input voltage
range for each analog channel can be configured to bipolar ±2.5 × VREF, ±1.25 × VREF, and ±0.625 × VREF or
unipolar 0 to 2.5 × VREF and 0 to 1.25 × VREF. With the internal or external reference voltage set to 4.096 V, the
input ranges of the device can be configured to bipolar ranges of ±10.24 V, ±5.12 V, and ±2.56 V or unipolar
ranges of 0 V to 10.24 V and 0 V to 5.12 V. Any of these input ranges can be assigned to any analog input
channel of the device. For instance, the ±2.5 × VREF range can be assigned to AIN_1P, the ±1.25 × VREF range
can be assigned to AIN_2P, the 0 V to 2.5 × VREF range can be assigned to AIN_3P, and so forth.
The devices sample the voltage difference (AIN_nP – AIN_nGND) between the selected analog input channel
and the AIN_nGND pin. The devices allow a ±0.1-V range on the AIN_nGND pin for all analog input channels.
This feature is useful in modular systems where the sensor or signal-conditioning block is further away from the
ADC on the board and when a difference in the ground potential of the sensor or signal conditioner from the ADC
ground is possible. In such cases, running separate wires from the AIN_nGND pin of the device to the sensor or
signal-conditioning ground is recommended.
If the analog input pins (AIN_nP) to the devices are left floating, the output of the ADC corresponds to an internal
biasing voltage. The output from the ADC must be considered as invalid if the devices are operated with floating
input pins. This condition does not cause any damage to the devices, which are fully functional when a valid
input voltage is applied to the pins.
8.3.2 Analog Input Impedance
Each analog input channel in the device presents a constant resistive impedance of 1 MΩ. The input impedance
is independent of either the ADC sampling frequency, the input signal frequency, or range. The primary
advantage of such high-impedance inputs is the ease of driving the ADC inputs without requiring driving
amplifiers with low output impedance. Bipolar, high-voltage power supplies are not required in the system
because this ADC does not require any high-voltage front-end drivers. In most applications, the signal sources or
sensor outputs can be directly connected to the ADC input, thus significantly simplifying the design of the signal
chain.
In order to maintain the dc accuracy of the system, matching the external source impedance on the AIN_nP input
pin with an equivalent resistance on the AIN_nGND pin is recommended. This matching helps to cancel any
additional offset error contributed by the external resistance.
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Feature Description (continued)
8.3.3 Input Overvoltage Protection Circuit
The ADS8694 and ADS8698 feature an internal overvoltage protection circuit on each of the four or eight analog
input channels, respectively. Use these protection circuits as a secondary protection scheme to protect the
device. Using external protection devices against surges, electrostatic discharge (ESD), and electrical fast
transient (EFT) conditions is highly recommended. The conceptual block diagram of the internal overvoltage
protection (OVP) circuit is shown in Figure 52.
AVDD
VP+
RFB
0V
ESD
AVDD
VP-
RS
10Ÿ
AIN_nP
D1p
D2p
RS
AIN_nGND
V±
AVDD
VOUT
D1n
V+
+
D2n
10Ÿ
RDC
ESD
VB
GND
Figure 52. Input Overvoltage Protection Circuit Schematic
As shown in Figure 52, the combination of the 1-MΩ input resistors along with the PGA gain-setting resistors
(RFB and RDC) limit the current flowing into the input pins. A combination of antiparallel diodes (D1 and D2) are
added on each input pin to protect the internal circuitry and set the overvoltage protection limits.
Table 1 explains the various operating conditions for the device when the device is powered on. Table 1
indicates that when the AVDD pin of the device is connected to the proper supply voltage (AVDD = 5 V) or offers
a low impedance of < 30 kΩ, the internal overvoltage protection circuit can withstand up to ±20 V on the analog
input pins.
Table 1. Input Overvoltage Protection Limits When AVDD = 5 V or Offers a Low Impedance of < 30 kΩ (1)
INPUT CONDITION
(VOVP = ±20 V)
TEST
CONDITION
ADC
OUTPUT
COMMENTS
|VIN| < |VRANGE|
Within operating range
All input
ranges
Valid
Device functions as per data sheet specifications
|VRANGE| < |VIN| < |VOVP|
Beyond operating range but
within overvoltage range
All input
ranges
Saturated
ADC output is saturated, but device is internally
protected (not recommended for extended time)
|VIN| > |VOVP|
Beyond overvoltage range
All input
ranges
Saturated
This usage condition may cause irreversible damage
to the device
(1)
GND = 0, AIN_nGND = 0 V, |VRANGE| is the maximum input voltage for any selected input range, and |VOVP| is the break-down voltage
for the internal OVP circuit. Assume that RS is approximately 0.
The results indicated in Table 1 are based on an assumption that the analog input pins are driven by very low
impedance sources (RS is approximately 0). However, if the sources driving the inputs have higher impedance,
the current flowing through the protection diodes reduces further, thereby increasing the OVP voltage range.
Note that higher source impedance results in gain errors and contributes to overall system noise performance.
22
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Figure 53 shows the voltage versus current response of the internal overvoltage protection circuit when the
device is powered on. According to this current-to-voltage (I-V) response, the current flowing into the device input
pins is limited by the 1-MΩ input impedance. However, for voltages beyond ±20 V, the internal node voltages
surpass the break-down voltage for internal transistors, thus setting the limit for overvoltage protection on the
input pins.
The same overvoltage protection circuit also provides protection to the device when the device is not powered on
and AVDD is floating with an impedance > 30 kΩ. This condition can arise when the input signals are applied
before the ADC is fully powered on. The overvoltage protection limits for this condition are shown in Table 2.
Table 2. Input Overvoltage Protection Limits When AVDD = Floating with Impedance > 30 kΩ (1)
INPUT CONDITION
(VOVP = ±11 V)
TEST
CONDITION
ADC OUTPUT
COMMENTS
|VIN| < |VOVP|
Within overvoltage range
All input ranges
Invalid
Device is not functional but is protected internally by
the OVP circuit.
|VIN| > |VOVP|
Beyond overvoltage range
All input ranges
Invalid
This usage condition may cause irreversible damage
to the device.
(1)
AVDD = floating, GND = 0, AIN_nGND = 0 V, |VRANGE| is the maximum input voltage for any selected input range, and |VOVP| is the
break-down voltage for the internal OVP circuit. Assume that RS is approximately 0.
Figure 54 shows the voltage versus current response of the internal overvoltage protection circuit when the
device is not powered on. According to this I-V response, the current flowing into the device input pins is limited
by the 1-MΩ input impedance. However, for voltages beyond ±11 V, the internal node voltages surpass the
break-down voltage for internal transistors, thus setting the limit for overvoltage protection on the input pins.
30
20
----- ± 1.25 VREF
20
----- ± 0.625 VREF
------ +2.5 VREF
------+1.25VREF
10
Analog Input Current (µA)
Analog Input Current (µA)
----- ± 2.5 VREF
0
±10
±20
±30
12
4
±4
±12
±20
±30
±20
±10
0
10
20
Input Voltage (V)
30
±20
Figure 53. I-V Curve for an Input OVP Circuit
(AVDD = 5 V)
±12
±4
4
12
Input Voltage (V)
C003
20
C004
Figure 54. I-V Curve for an Input OVP Circuit
(AVDD = Floating)
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8.3.4 Programmable Gain Amplifier (PGA)
The devices offer a programmable gain amplifier (PGA) at each individual analog input channel, which converts
the original single-ended input signal into a fully-differential signal to drive the internal 18-bit ADC. The PGA also
adjusts the common-mode level of the input signal before being fed into the ADC to ensure maximum usage of
the ADC input dynamic range. Depending on the range of the input signal, the PGA gain can be accordingly
adjusted by setting the Range_CHn[3:0] (n = 0 to 3 or 7) bits in the program register. The default or power-on
state for the Range_CHn[3:0] bits is 0000, which corresponds to an input signal range of ±2.5 × VREF. Table 3
lists the various configurations of the Range_CHn[3:0] bits for the different analog input voltage ranges.
The PGA uses a very highly-matched network of resistors for multiple gain configurations. Matching between
these resistors and the amplifiers across all channels is accurately trimmed to keep the overall gain error low
across all channels and input ranges.
Table 3. Input Range Selection Bits Configuration
Range_CHn[3:0]
ANALOG INPUT RANGE
BIT 3
BIT 2
BIT 1
BIT 0
±2.5 × VREF
0
0
0
0
±1.25 × VREF
0
0
0
1
±0.625 × VREF
0
0
1
0
0 to 2.5 × VREF
0
1
0
1
0 to 1.25 × VREF
0
1
1
0
8.3.5 Second-Order, Low-Pass Filter (LPF)
0
0
±1
±15
Phase (Degree)
Magnitude (dB)
In order to mitigate the noise of the front-end amplifiers and gain resistors of the PGA, each analog input channel
of the ADS8694 and ADS8698 features a second-order, antialiasing LPF at the output of the PGA. The
magnitude and phase response of the analog antialiasing filter are shown in Figure 55 and Figure 56,
respectively. For maximum performance, the –3-dB cutoff frequency for the antialiasing filter is typically set to
15 kHz. The performance of the filter is consistent across all input ranges supported by the ADC.
±2
±3
----- ± 2.5*VREF
----- “ 1.25*VREF
----- “ 0.625*VREF
----- + 2.5*VREF
-----+1.25*VREF
±4
±5
±30
±45
----- ± 2.5*VREF
----- “ 1.25*VREF
----- “ 0.625*VREF
----- + 2.5*VREF
-----+1.25*VREF
±60
±75
±6
±90
100
1000
Input Frequency (Hz)
10000
100
Figure 55. Second-Order LPF Magnitude Response
1000
10000
Input Frequency (Hz)
C048
C049
Figure 56. Second-Order LPF Phase Response
8.3.6 ADC Driver
In order to meet the performance of a 18-bit, SAR ADC at the maximum sampling rate (500 kSPS), the sampleand-hold capacitors at the input of the ADC must be successfully charged and discharged during the acquisition
time window. This drive requirement at the inputs of the ADC necessitates the use of a high-bandwidth, lownoise, and stable amplifier buffer. Such an input driver is integrated in the front-end signal path of each analog
input channel of the device. During transition from one channel of the multiplexer to another channel, the fast
integrated driver ensures that the multiplexer output settles to a 18-bit accuracy within the acquisition time of the
ADC, irrespective of the input levels on the respective channels.
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8.3.7 Multiplexer (MUX)
The ADS8694 and ADS8698 feature an integrated 4- and 8-channel analog multiplexer, respectively. For each
analog input channel, the voltage difference between the positive analog input AIN_nP and the negative ground
input AIN_nGND is conditioned by the analog front-end circuitry before being fed into the multiplexer. The output
of the multiplexer is directly sampled by the ADC. The multiplexer in the device can scan these analog inputs in
either manual or auto-scan mode, as explained in the Channel Sequencing Modes section. In manual mode
(MAN_Ch_n), the channel is selected for every sample via a register write; in auto-scan mode (AUTO_RST), the
channel number is incremented automatically on every CS falling edge after the present channel is sampled. The
analog inputs can be selected for an auto scan with register settings (see the Auto-Scan Sequencing Control
Registers section). The devices automatically scan only the selected analog inputs in ascending order.
The maximum overall throughput for the ADS8694 and ADS8698 is specified at 500 kSPS across all channels.
The per channel throughput is dependent on the number of channels selected in the multiplexer scanning
sequence. For example, the throughput per channel is equal to 250 kSPS if only two channels are selected, but
is equal to 125 kSPS per channel if four channels are selected (as in the ADS8694), and so forth.
See Table 6 for command register settings to switch between the auto-scan mode and manual mode for
individual analog channels.
8.3.8 Reference
The ADS8694 and ADS8698 can operate with either an internal voltage reference or an external voltage
reference using the internal buffer. The internal or external reference selection is determined by an external
REFSEL pin. The devices have a built-in buffer amplifier to drive the actual reference input of the internal ADC
core for maximizing performance.
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8.3.8.1 Internal Reference
The devices have an internal 4.096-V (nominal value) reference. In order to select the internal reference, the
REFSEL pin must be tied low or connected to AGND. When the internal reference is used, REFIO (pin 5)
becomes an output pin with the internal reference value. Placing a 10-µF (minimum) decoupling capacitor
between the REFIO pin and REFGND (pin 6) is recommended, as shown in Figure 57. The capacitor must be
placed as close to the REFIO pin as possible. The output impedance of the internal band-gap circuit creates a
low-pass filter with this capacitor to band-limit the noise of the reference. The use of a smaller capacitor value
allows higher reference noise in the system, thus degrading SNR and SINAD performance. Do not use the
REFIO pin to drive external ac or dc loads because REFIO has limited current output capability. The REFIO pin
can be used as a source if followed by a suitable op amp buffer (such as the OPA320).
AVDD
4.096 VREF
REFSEL
REFIO
10 PF
REFCAP
1 PF
22 PF
REFGND
ADC
AGND
Figure 57. Device Connections for Using an Internal 4.096-V Reference
The device internal reference is factory trimmed to a maximum initial accuracy of ±1 mV. The histogram in
Figure 58 shows the distribution of the internal voltage reference output taken from more than 3300 production
devices.
600
Number of Devices
500
400
300
200
100
0
-1
-0.6
-0.2
0.2
0.6
Error in REFIO Voltage (mV)
1
C064
Figure 58. Internal Reference Accuracy at Room Temperature Histogram
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The initial accuracy specification for the internal reference can be degraded if the die is exposed to any
mechanical or thermal stress. Heating the device when being soldered to a PCB and any subsequent solder
reflow is a primary cause for shifts in the VREF value. The main cause of thermal hysteresis is a change in die
stress and therefore is a function of the package, die-attach material, and molding compound, as well as the
layout of the device itself.
In order to illustrate this effect, 80 devices were soldered using lead-free solder paste with the manufacturer's
suggested reflow profile, as explained in application report SNOA550. The internal voltage reference output is
measured before and after the reflow process and the typical shift in value is shown in Figure 59. Although all
tested units exhibit a positive shift in their output voltages, negative shifts are also possible. Note that the
histogram in Figure 59 shows the typical shift for exposure to a single reflow profile. Exposure to multiple reflows,
which is common on PCBs with surface-mount components on both sides, causes additional shifts in the output
voltage. If the PCB is to be exposed to multiple reflows, solder the ADS8694 and ADS8698 in the second pass to
minimize device exposure to thermal stress.
30
Number of Devices
25
20
15
10
5
0
-4
-3
-2
-1
0
1
Error in REFIO Voltage (mV)
C065
Figure 59. Solder Heat Shift Distribution Histogram
The internal reference is also temperature compensated to provide excellent temperature drift over an extended
industrial temperature range of –40°C to 125°C. Figure 60 shows the variation of the internal reference voltage
across temperature for different values of the AVDD supply voltage. The typical specified value of the reference
voltage drift over temperature is 6 ppm/°C (Figure 61) and the maximum specified temperature drift is equal to
10 ppm/°C.
4.1
20
----- AVDD = 5.25 V
------ AVDD = 5 V
------ AVDD = 4.75 V
4.099
16
Number of Devices
REFIO Voltage (V)
4.098
4.097
4.096
4.095
4.094
4.093
4.092
12
8
4
4.091
4.09
0
±40
±7
26
59
92
Free-Air Temperature (oC)
125
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
REFIO Drift (ppm/ºC)
C053
C054
AVDD = 5 V, number of devices = 30, ΔT = –40°C to 125°C
Figure 60. Variation of the Internal Reference Output
(REFIO) Across Supply and Temperature
Figure 61. Internal Reference Temperature Drift Histogram
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8.3.8.2 External Reference
For applications that require a better reference voltage or a common reference voltage for multiple devices, the
ADS8694 and ADS8698 offer a provision to use an external reference along with an internal buffer to drive the
ADC reference pin. In order to select the external reference mode, either tie the REFSEL pin high or connect this
pin to the DVDD supply. In this mode, an external 4.096-V reference must be applied at REFIO (pin 5), which
becomes an input pin. Any low-power, low-drift, or small-size external reference can be used in this mode
because the internal buffer is optimally designed to handle the dynamic loading on the REFCAP pin, which is
internally connected to the ADC reference input. The output of the external reference must be appropriately
filtered to minimize the resulting effect of the reference noise on system performance. A typical connection
diagram for this mode is shown in Figure 62.
AVDD
DVDD
4.096 VREF
REFSEL
AVDD
OUT
REFIO
REF5040
(See the device datasheet for
a detailed pin configuration.)
CREF
REFCAP
1 PF
22 PF
REFGND
ADC
AGND
Figure 62. Device Connections for Using an External 4.096-V Reference
The output of the internal reference buffer appears at the REFCAP pin. A minimum capacitance of 10 µF must
be placed between REFCAP (pin 7) and REFGND (pin 6). Place another capacitor of 1 µF as close to the
REFCAP pin as possible for decoupling high-frequency signals. Do not use the internal buffer to drive external ac
or dc loads because of the limited current output capability of this buffer.
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The performance of the internal buffer output is very stable across the entire operating temperature range of
–40°C to 125°C. Figure 63 shows the variation in the REFCAP output across temperature for different values of
the AVDD supply voltage. The typical specified value of the reference buffer drift over temperature is 1 ppm/°C
(Figure 64) and the maximum specified temperature drift is equal to 1.5 ppm/°C.
4.097
15
----- AVDD = 5.25 V
------ AVDD = 5 V
------ AVDD = 4.75 V
4.0968
12
Number of Devices
REFCAP Voltage (V)
4.0966
4.0964
4.0962
4.096
4.0958
4.0956
9
6
3
4.0954
4.0952
0
4.095
±40
26
±7
59
92
Free-Air Temperature (oC)
125
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
1.2
REFCAP Drift (ppm/ºC)
C055
C056
AVDD = 5 V, number of devices = 30, ΔT = –40°C to 125°C
Figure 63. Variation of the Reference Buffer Output
(REFCAP) vs Supply and Temperature
Figure 64. Reference Buffer Temperature Drift Histogram
8.3.9 Auxiliary Channel
The devices include a single-ended auxiliary input channel (AUX_IN and AUX_GND). The AUX channel provides
direct interface to an internal, high-precision, 16-bit ADC through the multiplexer because this channel does not
include the front-end analog signal conditioning that the other analog input channels have. The AUX channel
supports a single unipolar input range of 0 V to VREF because there is no front-end PGA. The input signal on the
AUX_IN pin can vary from 0 V to VREF, whereas the AUX_GND pin must be tied to GND.
When a conversion is initiated, the voltage between these pins is sampled directly on an internal sampling
capacitor (75 pF, typical). The input current required to charge the sampling capacitor is determined by several
factors, including the sampling rate, input frequency, and source impedance. For slow applications that use a
low-impedance source, the inputs of the AUX channel can be directly driven. When the throughput, input
frequency, or the source impedance increases, a driving amplifier must be used at the input to achieve good ac
performance from the AUX channel. Some key requirements of the driving amplifier are discussed in the Input
Driver for the AUX Channel section.
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The AUX channel in the ADS8694 and ADS8698 offers a true 16-bit performance with no missing codes. Some
typical performance characteristics of the AUX channel are shown in Figure 65 to Figure 68.
8000
0.2
0.5
0.15
4000
2000
Offset Error
0.05
0.3
0
Gain Error
-0.05
0.2
-0.1
Offset Error (mV)
0.4
0.1
Gain Error (%FS)
Number of Hits
6000
0.1
-0.15
0
32763 32764 32765 32766 32767 32768 32769 32770 32771
Codes (LSB)
-0.2
0
-40
-7
26
59
92
125
Free-Air temperature (oC)
C050
Mean = 32767.15, sigma = 0.83
C051
AUX channel
Figure 65. DC Histogram for Mid-Scale Input
(AUX Channel)
Figure 66. Offset and Gain vs Temperature
(AUX Channel)
90
0
-100
±20
89
SNR, SINAD (dB)
±60
±80
±100
-101
SINAD
-102
88
-103
THD
87
±120
SNR
THD (dB)
Amplitude
±40
-104
±140
86
±160
0
50000
100000
150000
200000
Input Frequency (Hz)
250000
-105
-40
-7
C052
30
125
C053
fIN = 1 kHz
fIN = 1 kHz, SNR = 88.2 dB, SINAD = 88.1 dB, THD = –102 dB,
SFDR = 102 dB, number of points = 64k
Figure 67. Typical FFT Plot
(AUX Channel)
26
59
92
Free-Air Temperature (oC)
Figure 68. SNR, SINAD, and THD vs Temperature
(AUX Channel)
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8.3.9.1 Input Driver for the AUX Channel
For applications that use the AUX input channels at high throughput and high input frequency, a driving amplifier
with low output impedance is required to meet the ac performance of the internal 16-bit ADC. Some key
specifications of the input driving amplifier are discussed below:
• Small-signal bandwidth. The small-signal bandwidth of the input driving amplifier must be much higher than
the bandwidth of the AUX input to ensure that there is no attenuation of the input signal resulting from the
bandwidth limitation of the amplifier. In a typical data acquisition system, a low cut-off frequency, antialiasing
filter is used at the inputs of a high-resolution ADC. The amplifier driving the antialiasing filter must have a low
closed-loop output impedance for stability, thus implying a higher gain bandwidth for the amplifier. Higher
small-signal bandwidth also minimizes the harmonic distortion at higher input frequencies. In general, the
amplifier bandwidth requirements can be calculated on the basis of Equation 1.
GBW t 4 u f3 dB
where:
•
f–3dB is the 3-dB bandwidth of the RC filter.
(1)
•
Distortion. In order to achieve the distortion performance of the AUX channel, the distortion of the input driver
must be at least 10 dB lower than the specified distortion of the internal ADC, as shown in Equation 2.
THDAMP d THDADC 10 dB
(2)
•
Noise. Careful considerations must be made to select a low-noise, front-end amplifier in order to prevent any
degradation in SNR performance of the system. As a rule of thumb, to ensure that the noise performance of
the data acquisition system is not limited by the front-end circuit, keep the total noise contribution from the
front-end circuit below 20% of the input-referred noise of the ADC. Noise from the input driver circuit is bandlimited by the low cut-off frequency of the input antialiasing filter, as explained in Equation 3.
§ V1 _ AMP _ PP
NG u ¨ f
¨
6.6
©
2
·
S
¸ e2
n _ RMS u u f3dB
¸
2
¹
d
1 VFSR
u
u 10
5 2 2
SNR dB
20
where:
•
•
•
V1 / f_AMP_PP is the peak-to-peak flicker noise,
en_RMS is the amplifier broadband noise density in nV/√Hz, and
NG is the noise gain of the front-end circuit, which is equal to 1 in a buffer configuration.
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8.3.10 ADC Transfer Function
The ADS8694 and ADS8698 are a family of multichannel devices that support single-ended, bipolar, and
unipolar input ranges on all input channels. The output of the devices is in straight binary format for both bipolar
and unipolar input ranges. The format for the output codes is the same across all analog channels.
The ideal transfer characteristic for each ADC channel for all input ranges is shown in Figure 69. The full-scale
range (FSR) for each input signal is equal to the difference between the positive full-scale (PFS) input voltage
and the negative full-scale (NFS) input voltage. The LSB size is equal to FSR / 218 = FSR / 262144 because the
resolution of the ADC is 18 bits. For a reference voltage of VREF = 4.096 V, the LSB values corresponding to the
different input ranges are listed in Table 4.
ADC Output Code
3FFFFh
20000h
00001h
1LSB
FSR/2
FSR ± 1LSB
NFS
PFS
Analog Input (AIN_nP t AIN_nGND)
Figure 69. 18-Bit ADC Transfer Function (Straight-Binary Format)
Table 4. ADC LSB Values for Different Input Ranges (VREF = 4.096 V)
32
INPUT RANGE
POSITIVE FULL-SCALE
NEGATIVE FULL-SCALE
FULL-SCALE RANGE
LSB (µV)
±2.5 × VREF
10.24 V
–10.24 V
20.48 V
78.125
±1.25 × VREF
5.12 V
–5.12 V
10.24 V
39.0625
±0.625 × VREF
2.56 V
–2.56 V
5.12 V
19.53125
0 to 2.5 × VREF
10.24 V
0V
10.24 V
39.0625
0 to 1.25 × VREF
5.12 V
0V
5.12 V
19.53125
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8.3.11 Alarm Feature
The devices have an active-high ALARM output on pin 35. The ALARM signal is synchronous and changes its
state on the 16th falling edge of the SCLK signal. A high level on ALARM indicates that the alarm flag has
tripped on one or more channels of the device. This pin can be wired to interrupt the host input. When an
ALARM interrupt is received, the alarm flag registers are read to determine which channels have an alarm. The
devices feature independently-programmable alarms for each channel. There are two alarms per channel (a low
and a high alarm) and each alarm threshold has a separate hysteresis setting.
The ADS8694 and ADS8698 set a high alarm when the digital output for a particular channel exceeds the high
alarm upper limit [high alarm threshold (T) + hysteresis (H)]. The alarm resets when the digital output for the
channel is less than or equal to the high alarm lower limit (high alarm T – H – 2). This function is shown in
Figure 70.
L_ALARM On
Alarm Threshold
Alarm Threshold
Similarly, the lower alarm is triggered when the digital output for a particular channel falls below the low alarm
lower limit (low alarm threshold T – H – 1). The alarm resets when the digital output for the channel is greater
than or equal to the low alarm higher limit (low alarm T + H + 1). This function is shown in Figure 71.
H_ALARM On
H_ALARM Off
(T ± H ± 2) (T + H)
L_ALARM Off
(T ± H ± 1) (T + H + 1)
ADC Output
Figure 71. Low-ALARM Hysteresis
ADC Output
Figure 70. High-ALARM Hysteresis
All Channel
H/L Alarms
Figure 72 shows a functional block diagram for a single-channel alarm. There are two flags for each high and low
alarm: active alarm flag and tripped alarm flag; see the Alarm Flag Registers (Read-Only) section for more
details. The active alarm flag is triggered when an alarm condition is encountered for a particular channel; the
active alarm flag resets when the alarm shuts off. A tripped alarm flag sets an alarm condition in the same
manner as for an active alarm flag. However, the tripped alarm flag remains latched and resets only when the
appropriate alarm flag register is read.
Alarm Threshold
Channel n
+/Hysteresis Channel n
Active Alarm Flag
Channel n
+
ADC Output
Channel n
16th
SCLK
ALARM
S
Q
R
Q
Tripped Alarm Flag
Channel n
Alarm Flag Read
ADC
SDO
Figure 72. Alarm Functionality Schematic
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8.4 Device Functional Modes
8.4.1 Device Interface
8.4.1.1 Digital Pin Description
The digital data interface for the ADS8694 and ADS8698 is shown in Figure 73.
CS
CS
ADS8694
ADS8698
SCLK
SDI
SDO
SDO
SDI
RST / PD
DAISY
RST / PD
Host Controller
SCLK
SDON (from previous device)
or DGND
Figure 73. Pin Configuration for the Digital Interface
The signals shown in Figure 73 are summarized as follows:
8.4.1.1.1 CS (Input)
CS indicates an active-low, chip-select signal. CS is also used as a control signal to trigger a conversion on the
falling edge. Each data frame begins with the falling edge of the CS signal. The analog input channel to be
converted during a particular frame is selected in the previous frame. On the CS falling edge, the devices sample
the input signal from the selected channel and a conversion is initiated using the internal clock. The device
settings for the next data frame can be input during this conversion process. When the CS signal is high, the
ADC is considered to be in an idle state.
8.4.1.1.2 SCLK (Input)
This pin indicates the external clock input for the data interface. All synchronous accesses to the device are
timed with respect to the falling edges of the SCLK signal.
8.4.1.1.3 SDI (Input)
SDI is the serial data input line. SDI is used by the host processor to program the internal device registers for
device configuration. At the beginning of each data frame, the CS signal goes low and the data on the SDI line
are read by the device at every falling edge of the SCLK signal for the next 16 SCLK cycles. Any changes made
to the device configuration in a particular data frame are applied to the device on the subsequent falling edge of
the CS signal.
8.4.1.1.4 SDO (Output)
SDO is the serial data output line. SDO is used by the device to output conversion data. The size of the data
output frame varies depending on the register setting for the SDO format; see Table 13. A low level on CS
releases the SDO pin from the Hi-Z state. SDO is kept low for the first 15 SCLK falling edges. The MSB of the
output data stream is clocked out on SDO on the 16th SCLK falling edge, followed by the subsequent data bits
on every falling edge thereafter. The SDO line goes low after the entire data frame is output and goes to a Hi-Z
state when CS goes high.
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Device Functional Modes (continued)
8.4.1.1.5 DAISY (Input)
DAISY is a serial input pin. When multiple devices are connected in daisy-chain mode, as illustrated in Figure 76,
the DAISY pin of the first device in the chain is connected to GND. The DAISY pin of every subsequent device is
connected to the SDO output pin of the previous device, and the SDO output of the last device in the chain goes
to the SDI of the host processor. If an application uses a stand-alone device, the DAISY pin is connected to
GND.
8.4.1.1.6 RST/PD (Input)
RST/PD is a dual-function pin. Figure 74 shows the timing of this pin and Table 5 explains the usage of this pin.
RST / PD
tPL_RST_PD
Figure 74. RST/PD Pin Timing
Table 5. RST/PD Pin Functionality
CONDITION
40 ns < tPL_RST_PD ≤ 100 ns
100 ns < tPL_RST_PD < 400 ns
tPL_RST_PD ≥ 400 ns
DEVICE MODE
The device is in RST mode and does not enter PWR_DN mode.
The device is in RST mode and may or may not enter PWR_DN mode.
NOTE: This setting is not recommended.
The device enters PWR_DN mode and the program registers are reset to default
value.
The devices can be placed into power-down (PWR_DN) mode by pulling the RST/PD pin to a logic low state for
at least 400 ns. The RST/PD pin is asynchronous to the clock; thus, RST/PD can be triggered at any time
regardless of the status of other pins (including the analog input channels). When the device is in power-down
mode, any activity on the digital input pins (apart from the RST/PD pin) is ignored.
The program registers in the device can be reset to their default values (RST) by pulling the RST/PD pin to a
logic low state for no longer than 100 ns. This input is asynchronous to the clock. When RST/PD is pulled back
to a logic high state, the devices are placed in normal mode. One valid write operation must be executed on the
program register in order to configure the device, followed by an appropriate command (AUTO_RST or MAN) to
initiate conversions.
When the RST/PD pin is pulled back to a logic high level, the devices wake-up in a default state in which the
program registers are reset to their default values.
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8.4.1.2 Data Acquisition Example
This section provides an example of how a host processor can use the device interface to configure the device
internal registers as well as convert and acquire data for sampling a particular input channel. The timing diagram
shown in Figure 75 provides further details.
Sample
N
Sample
N+1
CS
1
SCLK
2
7
8
14
9
15
16
17
18
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
D2
D1
34
Data from sample N
D17
SDO
SDI
B15
B14
B10
B9
B8
B7
1
B3
B2
B1
2
B0
D16
D9
D8
D7
D6
D5
D4
D3
D0
X X X X X X X X X
3
4
Figure 75. Device Operation Using the Serial Interface Timing Diagram
There are four events shown in Figure 75. These events are described below:
• Event 1: The host initiates a data conversion frame through a falling edge of the CS signal. The analog input
signal at the instant of the CS falling edge is sampled by the ADC and conversion is performed using an
internal oscillator clock. The analog input channel converted during this frame is selected in the previous data
frame. The internal register settings of the device for the next conversion can be input during this data frame
using the SDI and SCLK inputs. Initiate SCLK at this instant and latch data on the SDI line into the device on
every SCLK falling edge for the next 16 SCLK cycles. At this instant, SDO goes low because the device does
not output internal conversion data on the SDO line during the first 16 SCLK cycles.
• Event 2: During the first 16 SCLK cycles, the device completes the internal conversion process and data are
now ready within the converter. However, the device does not output data bits on SDO until the 16th falling
edge appears on the SCLK input. Because the ADC conversion time is fixed (the maximum value is given in
the Electrical Characteristics table), the 16th SCLK falling edge must appear after the internal conversion is
over, otherwise data output from the device is incorrect. Therefore, the SCLK frequency cannot exceed a
maximum value, as provided in the Timing Requirements: Serial Interface table.
• Event 3: At the 16th falling edge of the SCLK signal, the device reads the LSB of the input word on the SDI
line. The device does not read anything from the SDI line for the remaining data frame. On the same edge,
the MSB of the conversion data is output on the SDO line and can be read by the host processor on the
subsequent falling edge of the SCLK signal. For 18 bits of output data, the LSB can be read on the 34th
SCLK falling edge. The SDO outputs 0 on subsequent SCLK falling edges until the next conversion is
initiated.
• Event 4: When the internal data from the device is received, the host terminates the data frame by
deactivating the CS signal to high. The SDO output goes into a Hi-Z state until the next data frame is initiated,
as explained in Event 1.
8.4.1.3 Host-to-Device Connection Topologies
The digital interface of the ADS8694 and ADS8698 offers a lot of flexibility in the ways that a host controller can
exchange data or commands with the device. A typical connection between a host controller and a stand-alone
device is illustrated in Figure 73. However, there are applications that require multiple ADCs but the host
controller has limited interfacing capability. This section describes two connection topologies that can be used to
address the requirements of such applications.
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8.4.1.3.1 Daisy-Chain Topology
A typical connection diagram showing multiple devices in daisy-chain mode is shown in Figure 76. The CS,
SCLK, and SDI inputs of all devices are connected together and controlled by a single CS, SCLK, and SDO pin
of the host controller, respectively. The DAISY1 input pin of the first ADC in the chain is connected to DGND, the
SDO1 output pin is connected to the DAISY2 input of ADC2, and so forth. The SDON pin of the Nth ADC in the
chain is connected to the SDI pin of the host controller. The devices do not require any special hardware or
software configuration to enter daisy-chain mode.
CS
CS
DGND
SCLK
SDO
SCLK
SDI
DAISY1
Host Controller
CS
SCLK
DAISY2
SDO1
ADC1
SDI
SDI
CS
SDO2
SCLK
DAISYN
ADC2
SDI
SDON
ADCN
Figure 76. Daisy-Chain Connection Schematic
A typical timing diagram for three devices connected in daisy-chain mode is shown in Figure 77.
Sample
N
Sample
N+1
tS
CS
SCLK
SDI
1
B15
2
B14
15
B2
16
B1
B0
17
18
X
33
X
X
34
X
35
X
36
X
51
X
52
X
SDO1,
DAISY2
{D17}1 {D16}1
{D1}1 {D0}1
SDO2,
DAISY3
{D17}2 {D16}2
{D1}2 {D0}2 {D17}1 {D16}1
{D1}1 {D0}1
SDO3
{D17}3 {D16}3
{D1}3 {D0}3 {D17}2 {D16}2
{D1}2
Data from Sample N
ADC3
Data from Sample N
ADC2
53
X
54
X
{D0}2 {D17}1 {D16}1
69
70
X
{D1}1
X
{D0}1
Data from Sample N
ADC1
Figure 77. Three Devices Connected in Daisy-Chain Mode Timing Diagram
At the falling edge of the CS signal, all devices sample the input signal at their respective selected channels and
enter into conversion phase. For the first 16 SCLK cycles, the internal register settings for the next conversion
can be entered using the SDI line that is common to all devices in the chain. During this time period, the SDO
outputs for all devices remain low. At the end of conversion, every ADC in the chain loads its own conversion
result into an internal 18-bit shift register. At the 16th SCLK falling edge, every ADC in the chain outputs the MSB
bit on its own SDO output pin. On every subsequent SCLK falling edge, the internal shift register of each ADC
latches the data available on its DAISY pin and shifts out the next bit of data on its SDO pin. Therefore, the
digital host receives the data of ADCN, followed by the data of ADCN–1, and so forth (in MSB-first fashion). In
total, a minimum of 18 × N SCLK falling edges are required to capture the outputs of all N devices in the chain.
This example uses three devices in a daisy-chain connection, so 3 × 18 = 54 SCLK cycles are required to
capture the outputs of all devices in the chain along with the 16 SCLK cycles to input the register settings for the
next conversion, resulting in a total of 70 SCLK cycles for the entire data frame. Note that the overall throughput
of the system is proportionally reduced with the number of devices connected in a daisy-chain configuration.
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The following points must be noted about the daisy-chain configuration illustrated in Figure 76:
• The SDI pins for all devices are connected together so each device operates with the same internal
configuration. This limitation can be overcome by spending additional host controller resources to control the
CS or SDI input of devices with unique configurations.
• If the number of devices connected in daisy-chain is more than four, loading increases on the shared output
lines from the host controller (CS, SDO, and SCLK). This increased loading can lead to digital timing errors.
This limitation can be overcome by using digital buffers on the shared outputs from the host controller before
feeding the shared digital lines into additional devices.
8.4.1.3.2 Star Topology
A typical connection diagram showing multiple devices in the star topology is shown in Figure 78. The SDI and
SCLK inputs of all devices are connected together and are controlled by a single SDO and SCLK pin of the host
controller, respectively. Similarly, the SDO outputs of all devices are tied together and connected to the SDI input
pin of the host controller. The CS input pin of each device is individually controlled by separate CS control lines
from the host controller.
CS1
CS2
CS
SCLK
CSN
SDO
SDI
ADC1
SDO
SDI
SDI
ADC2
Host Controller
CS
SCLK
CS
SCLK
SDO
SDO
SDI
ADCN
SCLK
Figure 78. Star Topology Connection Schematic
The timing diagram for a typical data frame in the star topology is the same as in a stand-alone device operation,
as illustrated in Figure 75. The data frame for a particular device starts with the falling edge of the CS signal and
ends when the CS signal goes high. Because the host controller provides separate CS control signals for each
device in this topology, the user can select the devices in any order and initiate a conversion by bringing down
the CS signal for that particular device. As explained in Figure 75, when CS goes high at the end of each data
frame, the SDO output of the device is placed into a Hi-Z state. Therefore, the shared SDO line in the star
topology is controlled only by the device with an active data frame (CS is low). In order to avoid any conflict
related to multiple devices driving the SDO line at the same time, ensure that the host controller pulls down the
CS signal for only one device at any particular time.
TI recommends connecting a maximum of four devices in the star topology. Beyond that, loading may increase
on the shared output lines from the host controller (SDO and SCLK). This loading can lead to digital timing
errors. This limitation can be overcome by using digital buffers on the shared outputs from the host controller
before being fed into additional devices.
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8.4.2 Device Modes
The ADS8694 and ADS8698 support multiple modes of operation that are software programmable. After
powering up, the device is placed into idle mode and does not perform any function until a command is received
from the user. Table 6 lists all commands to enter the different modes of the device. After power-up, the program
registers wake up with the default values and require appropriate configuration settings before performing any
conversion. The diagram in Figure 79 explains how to switch the device from one mode of operation to another.
RESET
(RST)
N
U
/P
W
R
/A
_D
NO_OP
n
h_
RST
_C
N
/P
R
A
M
O
G
Program Registers
are set to default
values
Device waits for a
valid command to
initiate conversion
ST
R
ST
D
ST
B
Y
_R
TO
Y/
DN
R_
PW
OG
ST
DB
ST
R
IDLE
R
/P
MA
N_
Ch
_n
/
AU
TO
_R
ST
MAN_Ch_n
NO_OP
NO_OP
STANDBY
MANUAL
Channel n
(STDBY)
n
h_
N_
C
DN
n
MA
h_
TO
PW
R_
C
N_
AU
OG
ST
DB
MA
MAN_Ch_n / AUTO_RST
Y
PR
DB
ST
Y
(MAN_Ch_n)
STDBY / PWR_DN / PROG
AUTO Seq.
RESET
(AUTO)
(AUTO_RST)
N
P
_O
O
P
_O
P
_O
O
IDLE
AUTO_RST
A
PROG
NO_OP
ST
O
N
PWR_DN
AUTO
Ch. Scan
TO
_R
(PROG)
U
PROGRAM
REGISTER
N
POWER
DOWN
(PWR_DN)
Figure 79. State Transition Diagram
8.4.2.1 Continued Operation in the Selected Mode (NO_OP)
Holding the SDI line low continuously (equivalent to writing a 0 to all 16 bits) during device operation continues
device operation in the last selected mode (STDBY, PWR_DN, AUTO_RST, or MAN_Ch_n). In this mode, the
device follows the same settings that are already configured in the program registers.
If a NO_OP condition occurs when the device is performing any read or write operation in the program register
(PROG mode), then the device retains the current settings of the program registers. The device goes back to
IDLE mode and waits for the user to enter a proper command to execute the program register read or write
configuration.
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8.4.2.2 Frame Abort Condition (FRAME_ABORT)
As explained in the Data Acquisition Example section, the device digital interface is designed such that each data
frame starts with a falling edge of the CS signal. During the first 16 SCLK cycles, the device reads the 16-bit
command word on the SDI line. The device waits to execute the command until the last bit of the command is
received, which is latched on the 16th SCLK falling edge. During this operation, the CS signal must stay low. If
the CS signal goes high for any reason before the data transmission is complete, the device goes into an
INVALID state and waits for a proper command to be written. This condition is called the FRAME_ABORT
condition. When the device is operating in this INVALID mode, any read operation on the device returns invalid
data on the SDO line. The output of the ALARM pin will continue to reflect the status of input signal on the
previously selected channel.
8.4.2.3 STANDBY Mode (STDBY)
The devices support a low-power standby mode (STDBY) in which only part of the circuit is powered down. The
internal reference and buffer is not powered down, and therefore, the devices can be quickly powered up in 20
µs on exiting the STDBY mode. When the device comes out of STDBY mode, the program registers are not
reset to the default values.
To enter STDBY mode, execute a valid write operation to the command register with a STDBY command of
8200h, as shown in Figure 80. The command is executed and the device enters STDBY mode on the next CS
rising edge following this write operation. The device remains in STDBY mode if no valid conversion command
(AUTO_RST or MAN_Ch_n) is executed and SDI remains low (see the Continued Operation in the Selected
Mode section) during the subsequent data frames. When the device operates in STDBY mode, the program
register settings can be updated (as explained in the Program Register Read/Write Operation section) using 16
SCLK cycles. However, if 32 complete SCLK cycles are provided, then the device returns invalid data on the
SDO line because there is no ongoing conversion in STDBY mode. The program register read operation can
take place normally during this mode.
Sample N
Enters STDBY on
CS Rising Edge
CS can go high immediately after Standby
command or after reading frame data.
CS
SCLK
1
2
14
15
16
17
18
32
33
34
1
2
14
15
16
Stays in STDBY
if SDI is Low in a
Data Frame
SDI
STDBY Command ± 8200h
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Data from Sample N
D17
SDO
D16
D3
D2
D1
D0
Figure 80. Enter and Remain in STDBY Mode Timing Diagram
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In order to exit STDBY mode a valid 16-bit write command must be executed to enter auto (AUTO_RST) or
manual (MAN_CH_n) scan mode, as shown in Figure 81. The device starts exiting STDBY mode on the next CS
rising edge. At the next CS falling edge, the device samples the analog input at the channel selected by the
MAN_CH_n command or the first channel of the AUTO_RST mode sequence. To ensure that the input signal is
sampled correctly, keep the minimum width of the CS signal at 20 µs after exiting STDBY mode so the device
internal circuitry can be fully powered up and biased properly before taking the sample. The data output for the
selected channel can be read during the same data frame, as explained in Figure 75.
Device exits
STDBY Mode on
CS Rising Edge
CS
Min width of CS HIGH = 20µs
for valid sample
SCLK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
16
15
AUTO_RST Command
MAN_CH_n Command
SDI
SDO
Figure 81. Exit STDBY Mode Timing Diagram
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8.4.2.4 Power-Down Mode (PWR_DN)
The devices support a hardware and software power-down mode (PWR_DN) in which all internal circuitry is
powered down, including the internal reference and buffer. A minimum time of 15 ms is required for the device to
power up and convert the selected analog input channel after exiting PWR_DN mode, if the device is operating
in the internal reference mode (REFSEL = 0). The hardware power mode for the device is explained in the
RST/PD (Input) section. The primary difference between the hardware and software power-down modes is that
the program registers are reset to default values when the devices wake up from hardware power-down, but the
previous settings of the program registers are retained when the devices wake up from software power-down.
To enter PWR_DN mode using software, execute a valid write operation on the command register with a
software PWR_DN command of 8300h, as shown in Figure 82. The command is executed and the device enters
PWR_DN mode on the next CS rising edge following this write operation. The device remains in PWR_DN mode
if no valid conversion command (AUTO_RST or MAN_Ch_n) is executed and SDI remains low (see the
Continued Operation in the Selected Mode section) during the subsequent data frames. When the device
operates in PWR_DN mode, the program register settings can be updated (as explained in the Program Register
Read/Write Operation section) using 16 SCLK cycles. However, if 32 complete SCLK cycles are provided, then
the device returns invalid data on the SDO line because there is no ongoing conversion in PWR_DN mode. The
program register read operation can take place normally during this mode.
Sample N
Enters PWR_DN on
CS Rising Edge
CS can go high immediately after PWR_DN
command or after reading frame data.
CS
1
SCLK
2
14
16
15
17
18
32
33
34
1
2
14
15
16
Stays in PWR_DN
if SDI is Low in a
Data Frame
PWR_DN Command ± 8300h
SDI
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Data from Sample N
D17
SDO
D16
D3
D2
D1
D0
Figure 82. Enter and Remain in PWR_DN Mode Timing Diagram
In order to exit from PWR_DN mode a valid 16-bit write command must be executed, as shown in Figure 83. The
device comes out of PWR_DN mode on the next CS rising edge. For operation in internal reference mode
(REFSEL = 0), 15 ms are required for the device to power-up the reference and other internal circuits and settle
to the required accuracy before valid conversion data are output for the selected input channel.
Device exits PWR_DN Mode, but
waits 15ms for 16-bit settling
First 16-bit accurate data
frame after recovery from
PWR_DN mode
CS
SCLK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
AUTO_RST Command
MAN_CH_n Command
SDI
SDO
Invalid
Data
Figure 83. Exit PWR_DN Mode Timing Diagram
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8.4.2.5 Auto Channel Enable with Reset (AUTO_RST)
The devices can be programmed to scan the input signal on all analog channels automatically by writing a valid
auto channel sequence with a reset (AUTO_RST, A000h) command in the command register, as explained in
Figure 84. As shown in Figure 84, the CS signal can be pulled high immediately after the AUTO_RST command
or after reading the output data of the frame. However, in order to accurately acquire and convert the input signal
on the first selected channel in the next data frame, the command frame must be a complete frame of 34 SCLK
cycles.
The sequence of channels for the automatic scan can be configured by the AUTO SCAN sequencing control
register (01h to 02h) in the program register; see the Program Register Map section. In this mode, the devices
continuously cycle through the selected channels in ascending order, beginning with the lowest channel and
converting all channels selected in the program register. On completion of the sequence, the devices return to
the lowest count channel in the program register and repeat the sequence. The input voltage range for each
channel in the auto-scan sequence can be configured by setting the Range Select Registers of the program
registers.
Sample N
Samples 2nd Ch. of
Auto-Ch Sequence
Enters AUTO_RST Mode on CS Rising Edge
Samples 1st Ch. of Auto-Ch Sequence
CS can go high immediately after AUTO_RST
command or after reading frame data.
CS
1
SCLK
2
14
15
16
17
18
32
33
34
1
2
14
15
16
33
34
Stays in AUTO_RST Mode if
SDI is Low in a Data Frame
AUTO_RST Command ± A000h
SDI
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Data from Sample N
D17
SDO
D16
D3
D2
D1
Data from 1st Ch of Seq.
D0
Figure 84. Enter AUTO_RST Mode Timing Diagram
The devices remain in AUTO_RST mode if no other valid command is executed and SDI is kept low (see the
Continued Operation in the Selected Mode (NO_OP) section) during subsequent data frames. If the AUTO_RST
command is executed again at any time during this mode of operation, then the sequence of the scanned
channels is reset. The devices return to the lowest count channel of the auto-scan sequence in the program
register and repeat the sequence. The timing diagram in Figure 85 shows this behavior using an example in
which channels 0 to 2 are selected in the auto sequence. For switching between AUTO_RST mode and
MAN_Ch_n mode; see the Channel Sequencing Modes section.
Sample
N
Ch 0
Sample
Ch 1
Sample
Ch 2
Sample
Ch 0
Sample
CS
SCLK
SDI
SDO
AUTO_RST
xxxx
0000h
Sample N Data
xxxx
0000h
Ch 0 Data
Based on Previous
Mode Setting
xxxx
AUTO_RST
Ch 1 Data
xxxx
Ch 2 Data
0000h
xxxx
Ch 0 Data
AUTO_RST Mode
(Channel sequence restarted from
lowest count.)
AUTO_RST Mode
(Channels 0-2 are selected in sequence.)
Figure 85. Device Operation Example in AUTO_RST Mode
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8.4.2.6 Manual Channel n Select (MAN_Ch_n)
The devices can be programmed to convert a particular analog input channel by operating in manual channel n
scan mode (MAN_Ch_n). This programming is done by writing a valid manual channel n select command
(MAN_Ch_n) in the command register, as shown in Figure 86. As shown in Figure 86, the CS signal can be
pulled high immediately after the MAN_Ch_n command or after reading the output data of the frame. However, in
order to accurately acquire and convert the input signal on the next channel, the command frame must be a
complete frame of 34 SCLK cycles. See Table 6 for a list of commands to select individual channels during
MAN_Ch_n mode.
Sample N
2nd Sample of Manual Ch. n
Enters MAN_Ch_n Mode on CS Rising Edge
1st Sample of Manual Channel N
CS can go high immediately after MAN_Ch_n
command or after reading frame data.
CS
1
SCLK
2
14
16
15
17
18
32
33
34
1
2
14
15
16
33
34
Stays in MAN_Ch_n Mode if
SDI is Low in a Data Frame
MAN_Ch_n Command
SDI
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Data from Sample N
D17
SDO
D16
D3
D2
D1
Sample 1 of Channel n
D0
Figure 86. Enter MAN_Ch_n Scan Mode Timing Diagram
The manual channel n select command (MAN_Ch_n) is executed and the devices sample the analog input on
the selected channel on the CS falling edge of the next data frame following this write operation. The input
voltage range for each channel in the MAN_Ch_n mode can be configured by setting the Range Select Registers
in the program registers. The device continues to sample the analog input on the same channel if no other valid
command is executed and SDI is kept low (see the Continued Operation in the Selected Mode (NO_OP) section)
during subsequent data frames. The timing diagram in Figure 87 shows this behavior using an example in which
channel 1 is selected in the manual sequencing mode. For switching between MAN_Ch_n mode and
AUTO_RST mode; see the Channel Sequencing Modes section.
Sample
N
Ch 1
Sample
Ch 1
Sample
Ch 1
Sample
Ch 3
Sample
CS
SCLK
SDI
SDO
MAN_Ch_1
xxxx
0000h
Sample N Data
xxxx
Ch 1 Data
0000h
xxxx
MAN_Ch_3
xxxx
Ch 1 Data
0000h
Ch 1 Data
xxxx
Ch 3 Data
Based on Previous
Mode Setting
MAN_Ch_n Mode
(Ch 1 is selected and device continuously converts Ch 1 if NO_OP command is provided)
MAN_Ch_n Mode
(Transition from Ch1 to Ch 3)
Figure 87. Device Operation in MAN_Ch_n Mode
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8.4.2.7 Channel Sequencing Modes
The devices offer two channel sequencing modes: AUTO_RST and MAN_Ch_n.
In AUTO_RST mode, the channel number automatically increments in every subsequent frame. As explained in
the Auto-Scan Sequencing Control Registers section, the analog inputs can be selected for an automatic scan
with a register setting. The device automatically scans only the selected analog inputs in ascending order. The
unselected analog input channels can also be powered down for optimizing power consumption in this mode of
operation. The auto-mode sequence can be reset at any time during an automatic scan (using the AUTO_RST
command). When the reset command is received, the ongoing auto-mode sequence is reset and restarts from
the lowest selected channel in the sequence.
In MAN_Ch_n mode, the same input channel is selected during every data conversion frame. The input
command words to select individual analog channels in MAN_Ch_n mode are listed in Table 6. If a particular
input channel is selected during a data frame, then the analog inputs on the same channel are sampled during
the next data frame. Figure 88 shows the SDI command sequence for transitions from AUTO_RST to
MAN_Ch_n mode.
Ch 0
Sample
Ch 5
Sample
Ch 1
Sample
Ch 3
Sample
CS
SCLK
SDI
0000h
SDO
xxxx
MAN_Ch_1
Ch 0 Data
xxxx
MAN_Ch_3
Ch 5 Data
xxxx
MAN_Ch_n
Ch 1 Data
AUTO_RST Mode
xxxx
Ch 3 Data
MAN_Ch_n Mode
Figure 88. Transitioning from AUTO_RST to MAN_Ch_n Mode
(Channels 0 and 5 are Selected for Auto Sequence)
Figure 89 shows the SDI command sequence for transitions from MAN_Ch_n to AUTO_RST mode. Note that
each SDI command is executed on the next CS falling edge. A RST command can be issued at any instant
during any channel sequencing mode, after which the device is placed into a default power-up state in the next
data frame.
Sample
N
Ch 2
Sample
Ch 0
Sample
Ch 5
Sample
CS
SCLK
SDI
SDO
MAN_Ch_2
xxxx
AUTO_RST
Sample N Data
xxxx
0000h
Ch 2 Data
xxxx
0000h
Ch 0 Data
xxxx
Ch 5 Data
Based on Previous
Mode Setting
MAN_Ch_n Mode
AUTO_RST Mode
Figure 89. Transitioning from MAN_Ch_n to AUTO_RST Mode
(Channels 0 and 5 are Selected for Auto Sequence)
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8.4.2.8 Reset Program Registers (RST)
The devices support a hardware and software reset (RST) mode in which all program registers are reset to their
default values. The devices can be put into RST mode using a hardware pin, as explained in the RST/PD (Input)
section.
The device program registers can be reset to their default values during any data frame by executing a valid
write operation on the command register with a RST command of 8500h, as shown in Figure 90. The device
remains in RST mode if no valid conversion command (AUTO_RST or MAN_Ch_n) is executed and SDI remains
low (see the Continued Operation in the Selected Mode (NO_OP) section) during the subsequent data frames.
When the device operates in RST mode, the program register settings can be updated (as explained in the
Program Register Read/Write Operation section) using 16 SCLK cycles. However, if 32 complete SCLK cycles
are provided, then the device returns invalid data on the SDO line because there is no ongoing conversion in
RST mode. The values of the program register can be read normally during this mode. A valid AUTO_RST or
MAN_CH_n channel selection command must be executed for initiating a conversion on a particular analog
channel using the default program register settings.
All Program
Registers are Reset
to Default Values on
CS Rising Edge
Sample N
CS can go high immediately after RST
command or after reading frame data.
CS
SCLK
SDI
1
2
3
4
5
13
14
Reset Program Registers (RST) ± 8500h
15
16
17
18
X
X
X
32
33
34
X
X
X
X
X
Data from Sample N
D17
SDO
D16
D3
D2
D1
D0
Figure 90. Reset Program Registers (RST) Timing Diagram
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8.5 Register Maps
The internal registers of the ADS8694 and ADS8698 are categorized into two categories: command registers and
program registers.
The command registers are used to select the channel sequencing mode (AUTO_RST or MAN_Ch_n), configure
the device in standby (STDBY) or power-down (PWR_DN) mode, and reset (RST) the program registers to their
default values.
The program registers are used to select the sequence of channels for AUTO_RST mode, select the SDO output
format, control input range settings for individual channels, control the ALARM feature, reading the alarm flags,
and programming the alarm thresholds for each channel.
8.5.1 Command Register Description
The command register is a 16-bit, write-only register that is used to set the operating modes of the ADS8694 and
ADS8698. The settings in this register are used to select the channel sequencing mode (AUTO_RST or
MAN_Ch_n), configure the device in standby (STDBY) or power-down (PWR_DN) mode, and reset (RST) the
program registers to their default values. All command settings for this register are listed in Table 6. During
power-up or reset, the default content of the command register is all 0's and the device waits for a command to
be written before being placed into any mode of operation. See Figure 1 for a typical timing diagram for writing a
16-bit command into the device. The device executes the command at the end of this particular data frame when
the CS signal goes high.
Table 6. Command Register Map
(1)
MSB BYTE
LSB BYTE
B15
B14
B13
B12
B11
B10
B9
B8
B[7:0]
COMMAND
(Hex)
Continued Operation
(NO_OP)
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0000 0000
0000h
Continue operation in previous mode
Standby
(STDBY)
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0000 0000
8200h
Device is placed into standby mode
Power Down
(PWR_DN)
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0000 0000
8300h
Device is powered down
Reset program registers
(RST)
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
0000 0000
8500h
Program register is reset to default
Auto Ch. Sequence with Reset
(AUTO_RST)
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0000 0000
A000h
Auto mode enabled following a reset
Manual Ch 0 Selection
(MAN_Ch_0)
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0000 0000
C000h
Channel 0 input is selected
Manual Ch 1 Selection
(MAN_Ch_1)
1
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0000 0000
C400h
Channel 1 input is selected
Manual Ch 2 Selection
(MAN_Ch_2)
1
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0000 0000
C800h
Channel 2 input is selected
Manual Ch 3 Selection
(MAN_Ch_3)
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
0000 0000
CC00h
Channel 3 input is selected
Manual Ch 4 Selection
(MAN_Ch_4) (1)
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0000 0000
D000h
Channel 4 input is selected
Manual Ch 5 Selection
(MAN_Ch_5)
1
1
0
1
0
1
0
0
0000 0000
D400h
Channel 5 input is selected
Manual Ch 6 Selection
(MAN_Ch_6)
1
1
0
1
1
0
0
0
0000 0000
D800h
Channel 6 input is selected
Manual Ch 7 Selection
(MAN_Ch_7)
1
1
0
1
1
1
0
0
0000 0000
DC00h
Channel 7 input is selected
Manual AUX Selection
(MAN_AUX)
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0000 0000
E000h
AUX channel input is selected
REGISTER
OPERATION IN NEXT FRAME
Shading indicates bits or registers not included in the 4-channel version of the device.
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8.5.2 Program Register Description
The program register is a 16-bit register used to set the operating modes of the ADS8694 and ADS8698. The
settings in this register are used to select the channel sequence for AUTO_RST mode, configure the device ID in
daisy-chain mode, select the SDO output format, control input range settings for individual channels, control the
ALARM feature, reading the alarm flags, and programming the alarm thresholds for each channel. All program
settings for this register are listed in Table 9. During power-up or reset, the different program registers in the
device wake up with their default values and the device waits for a command to be written before being placed
into any mode of operation.
8.5.2.1 Program Register Read/Write Operation
The program register is a 16-bit read or write register. There must be a minimum of 24 SCLKs after the CS
falling edge for any read or write operation to the program registers. When CS goes low, the SDO line goes low
as well. The device receives the command (see Table 7 and Table 8) through SDI where the first seven bits (bits
15-9) represent the register address and the eighth bit (bit 8) is the write or read instruction.
For a write cycle, the next eight bits (bits 7-0) on SDI are the desired data for the addressed register. Over the
next eight SCLK cycles, the device outputs this 8-bit data that is written into the register. This data readback
allows verification to determine if the correct data are entered into the device. A typical timing diagram for a
program register write cycle is shown in Figure 91.
Table 7. Write Cycle Command Word
PIN
REGISTER ADDRESS
(Bits 15-9)
WR/RD
(Bit 8)
DATA
(Bits 7-0)
SDI
ADDR[6:0]
1
DIN[7:0]
Sample
N
CS
SCLK
SDI
1
2
6
ADDR [6:0]
7
8
WR
9
15
10
16
17
23
18
24
XXXX
DIN [7:0]
Data written into register, DIN [7:0]
SDO
Figure 91. Program Register Write Cycle Timing Diagram
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For a read cycle, the next eight bits (bits 7-0) on SDI are don’t care bits and SDO stays low. From the 16th SCLK
falling edge and onwards, SDO outputs the 8-bit data from the addressed register during the next eight clocks, in
MSB-first fashion. A typical timing diagram for a program register read cycle is shown in Figure 92.
Table 8. Read Cycle Command Word
PIN
REGISTER ADDRESS
(Bits 15-9)
WR/RD
(Bit 8)
DATA
(Bits 7-0)
SDI
ADDR[6:0]
0
XXXXX
SDO
0000 000
0
DOUT[7:0]
CS
SCLK
SDI
1
2
6
ADDR [6:0]
7
8
RD
9
10
15
16
17
18
23
24
XXXXXX
DOUT [7:0]
SDO
Figure 92. Program Register Read Cycle Timing Diagram
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8.5.2.2 Program Register Map
This section provides a bit-by-bit description of each program register.
Table 9. Program Register Map
REGISTER
ADDRESS
BITS[15:9]
DEFAULT
VALUE (1)
BIT 7
BIT 6
BIT 5
BIT 4
BIT 3
BIT 2
BIT 1
BIT 0
AUTO_SEQ_EN
01h
FFh
CH7_EN (2)
CH6_EN
CH5_EN
CH4_EN
CH3_EN
CH2_EN
CH1_EN
CH0_EN
Channel Power Down
02h
00h
CH7_PD
CH6_PD
CH5_PD
CH4_PD
CH3_PD
CH2_PD
CH1_PD
CH0_PD
03h
00h
0
ALARM_EN0
0
Channel 0 Input Range
05h
00h
0
0
0
0
Range Select Channel 0[3:0]
Channel 1 Input Range
06h
00h
0
0
0
0
Range Select Channel 1[3:0]
Channel 2 Input Range
07h
00h
0
0
0
0
Range Select Channel 2[3:0]
Channel 3 Input Range
08h
00h
0
0
0
0
Range Select Channel 3[3:0]
Channel 4 Input Range
09h
00h
0
0
0
0
Range Select Channel 4[3:0]
Channel 5 Input Range
0Ah
00h
0
0
0
0
Range Select Channel 5[3:0]
Channel 6 Input Range
0Bh
00h
0
0
0
0
Range Select Channel 6[3:0]
Channel 7 Input Range
0Ch
00h
0
0
0
0
Range Select Channel 7[3:0]
ALARM Overview Tripped-Flag
10h
00h
Tripped Alarm
Flag Ch7
Tripped Alarm
Flag Ch6
Tripped Alarm
Flag Ch5
Tripped Alarm
Flag Ch4
Tripped Alarm
Flag Ch3
Tripped Alarm
Flag Ch2
Tripped Alarm
Flag Ch1
Tripped Alarm
Flag Ch0
ALARM Ch 0-3 Tripped-Flag
11h
00h
Tripped Alarm
Flag Ch0 Low
Tripped Alarm
Flag Ch0 High
Tripped Alarm
Flag Ch1 Low
Tripped Alarm
Flag Ch1 High
Tripped Alarm
Flag Ch2 Low
Tripped Alarm
Flag Ch2 High
Tripped Alarm
Flag Ch3 Low
Tripped Alarm
Flag Ch3 High
ALARM Ch 0-3 Active-Flag
12h
00h
Active Alarm
Flag Ch0 Low
Active Alarm
Flag Ch0 High
Active Alarm
Flag Ch1 Low
Active Alarm
Flag Ch1 High
Active Alarm
Flag Ch2 Low
Active Alarm
Flag Ch2 High
Active Alarm
Flag Ch3 Low
Active Alarm
Flag Ch3 High
ALARM Ch 4-7 Tripped-Flag
13h
00h
Tripped Alarm
Flag Ch4 Low
Tripped Alarm
Flag Ch4 High
Tripped Alarm
Flag Ch5 Low
Tripped Alarm
Flag Ch5 High
Tripped Alarm
Flag Ch6 Low
Tripped Alarm
Flag Ch6 High
Tripped Alarm
Flag Ch7 Low
Tripped Alarm
Flag Ch7 High
ALARM Ch 4-7 Active-Flag
14h
00h
Active Alarm
Flag Ch4 Low
Active Alarm
Flag Ch4 High
Active Alarm
Flag Ch5 Low
Active Alarm
Flag Ch5 High
Active Alarm
Flag Ch6 Low
Active Alarm
Flag Ch6 High
Active Alarm
Flag Ch7 Low
Active Alarm
Flag Ch7 High
REGISTER
AUTO SCAN SEQUENCING CONTROL
DEVICE FEATURES SELECTION CONTROL
Feature Select
DEV[1:0]
SDO [2:0]
RANGE SELECT REGISTERS
ALARM FLAG REGISTERS (Read-Only)
(1)
(2)
50
All registers are reset to the default values at power-on or at device reset using the register settings method.
Shading indicates bits or registers that are not included in the 4-channel version of the device. A write operation on any of these bits or registers has no effect on device behavior. A read
operation on any of these bits or registers outputs all 1's on the SDO line.
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Table 9. Program Register Map (continued)
REGISTER
REGISTER
ADDRESS
BITS[15:9]
DEFAULT
VALUE (1)
BIT 7
BIT 6
BIT 5
BIT 4
BIT 3
BIT 2
BIT 1
BIT 0
ALARM THRESHOLD REGISTERS
Ch 0 Hysteresis
15h
00h
CH0_HYST[7:0]
Ch 0 High Threshold MSB
16h
FFh
CH0_HT[15:8]
Ch 0 High Threshold LSB
17h
FFh
CH0_HT[7:0]
Ch 0 Low Threshold MSB
18h
00h
CH0_LT[15:8]
Ch 0 Low Threshold LSB
19h
00h
CH0_LT[7:0]
…
…
…
…
See the Alarm Threshold Setting Registers for details regarding the ALARM threshold settings registers.
…
Ch 7 Hysteresis
38h
00h
CH7_HYST[7:0]
Ch 7 High Threshold MSB
39h
FFh
CH7_HT[15:8]
Ch 7 High Threshold LSB
3Ah
FFh
CH7_HT[7:0]
Ch 7 Low Threshold MSB
3Bh
00h
CH7_LT[15:8]
Ch 7 Low Threshold LSB
3Ch
00h
CH7_LT[7:0]
3Fh
00h
COMMAND_WORD[7:0]
COMMAND READ BACK (Read-Only)
Command Read Back
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8.5.2.3 Program Register Descriptions
8.5.2.3.1 Auto-Scan Sequencing Control Registers
In AUTO_RST mode, the device automatically scans the preselected channels in ascending order with a new
channel selected for every conversion. Each individual channel can be selectively included in the auto channel
sequencing. For channels not selected for auto sequencing, the analog front-end circuitry can be individually
powered down.
8.5.2.3.1.1 Auto-Scan Sequence Enable Register (address = 01h)
This register selects individual channels for sequencing in AUTO_RST mode. The default value for this register is
FFh, which implies that in default condition all channels are included in the auto-scan sequence. If no channels
are included in the auto sequence (that is, the value for this register is 00h), then channel 0 is selected for
conversion by default.
Figure 93. AUTO_SEQ_EN Register
7
CH7_EN (1)
R/W-1h
6
CH6_EN
R/W-1h
5
CH5_EN
R/W-1h
4
CH4_EN
R/W-1h
3
CH3_EN
R/W-1h
2
CH2_EN
R/W-1h
1
CH1_EN
R/W-1h
0
CH0_EN
R/W-1h
LEGEND: R/W = Read/Write; -n = value after reset
(1)
Shading indicates bits or registers that are not included in the 4-channel version of the device. A write operation on any of these bits or
registers has no effect on device behavior. A read operation on any of these bits or registers outputs all 1's on the SDO line.
Table 10. AUTO_SEQ_EN Field Descriptions
Bit
52
Field
Type
Reset
Description
7
CH7_EN
R/W
1h
Channel 7 enable.
0 = Channel 7 is not selected for sequencing in AUTO_RST mode
1 = Channel 7 is selected for sequencing in AUTO_RST mode
6
CH6_EN
R/W
1h
Channel 6 enable.
0 = Channel 6 is not selected for sequencing in AUTO_RST mode
1 = Channel 6 is selected for sequencing in AUTO_RST mode
5
CH5_EN
R/W
1h
Channel 5 enable.
0 = Channel 5 is not selected for sequencing in AUTO_RST mode
1 = Channel 5 is selected for sequencing in AUTO_RST mode
4
CH4_EN
R/W
1h
Channel 4 enable.
0 = Channel 4 is not selected for sequencing in AUTO_RST mode
1 = Channel 4 is selected for sequencing in AUTO_RST mode
3
CH3_EN
R/W
1h
Channel 3 enable.
0 = Channel 3 is not selected for sequencing in AUTO_RST mode
1 = Channel 3 is selected for sequencing in AUTO_RST mode
2
CH2_EN
R/W
1h
Channel 2 enable.
0 = Channel 2 is not selected for sequencing in AUTO_RST mode
1 = Channel 2 is selected for sequencing in AUTO_RST mode
1
CH1_EN
R/W
1h
Channel 1 enable.
0 = Channel 1 is not selected for sequencing in AUTO_RST mode
1 = Channel 1 is selected for sequencing in AUTO_RST mode
0
CH0_EN
R/W
1h
Channel 0 enable.
0 = Channel 0 is not selected for sequencing in AUTO_RST mode
1 = Channel 0 is selected for sequencing in AUTO_RST mode
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8.5.2.3.1.2 Channel Power Down Register (address = 02h)
This register powers down individual channels that are not included for sequencing in AUTO_RST mode. The
default value for this register is 00h, which implies that in default condition all channels are powered up. If all
channels are powered down (that is, the value for this register is FFh), then the analog front-end circuits for all
channels are powered down and the output of the ADC contains invalid data. If the device is in MAN-Ch_n mode
and the selected channel is powered down, then the device yields invalid output that can also trigger a false
alarm condition.
Figure 94. Channel Power Down Register
7
CH7_PD (1)
R/W-0h
6
CH6_PD
R/W-0h
5
CH5_PD
R/W-0h
4
CH4_PD
R/W-0h
3
CH3_PD
R/W-0h
2
CH2_PD
R/W-0h
1
CH1_PD
R/W-0h
0
CH0_PD
R/W-0h
LEGEND: R/W = Read/Write; -n = value after reset
(1)
Shading indicates bits or registers that are not included in the 4-channel version of the device. A write operation on any of these bits or
registers has no effect on device behavior. A read operation on any of these bits or registers outputs all 1's on the SDO line.
Table 11. Channel Power Down Register Field Descriptions
Bit
Field
Type
Reset
Description
7
CH7_PD
R/W
0h
Channel 7 power-down.
0 = The analog front-end on channel 7 is powered up and channel 7 can be
included in the AUTO_RST sequence
1 = The analog front-end on channel 7 is powered down and channel 7
cannot be included in the AUTO_RST sequence
6
CH6_PD
R/W
0h
Channel 6 power-down.
0 = The analog front-end on channel 6 is powered up and channel 6 can be
included in the AUTO_RST sequence
1 = The analog front-end on channel 6 is powered down and channel 6
cannot be included in the AUTO_RST sequence
5
CH5_PD
R/W
0h
Channel 5 power-down.
0 = The analog front-end on channel 5 is powered up and channel 5 can be
included in the AUTO_RST sequence
1 = The analog front-end on channel 5 is powered down and channel 5
cannot be included in the AUTO_RST sequence
4
CH4_PD
R/W
0h
Channel 4 power-down.
0 = The analog front-end on channel 4 is powered up and channel 4 can be
included in the AUTO_RST sequence
1 = The analog front-end on channel 4 is powered down and channel 4
cannot be included in the AUTO_RST sequence
3
CH3_PD
R/W
0h
Channel 3 power-down.
0 = The analog front-end on channel 3 is powered up and channel 3 can be
included in the AUTO_RST sequence
1 = The analog front end on channel 3 is powered down and channel 3
cannot be included in the AUTO_RST sequence
2
CH2_PD
R/W
0h
Channel 2 power-down.
0 = The analog front end on channel 2 is powered up and channel 2 can be
included in the AUTO_RST sequence
1 = The analog front end on channel 2 is powered down and channel 2
cannot be included in the AUTO_RST sequence
1
CH1_PD
R/W
0h
Channel 1 power-down.
0 = The analog front end on channel 1 is powered up and channel 1 can be
included in the AUTO_RST sequence
1 = The analog front end on channel 1 is powered down and channel 1
cannot be included in the AUTO_RST sequence
0
CH0_PD
R/W
0h
Channel 0 power-down.
0 = The analog front end on channel 0 is powered up and channel 0 can be
included in the AUTO_RST sequence
1 = The analog front end on channel 0 is powered down and channel 0
cannot be included in the AUTO_RST sequence
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8.5.2.3.2 Device Features Selection Control Register (address = 03h)
The bits in this register can be used to configure the device ID for daisy-chain operation, enable the ALARM
feature, and configure the output bit format on SDO.
Figure 95. Feature Select Register
7
6
5
0
R-0h
DEV[1:0]
R/W-0h
4
ALARM_EN
R/W-0h
3
0
R-0h
2
1
SDO[2:0]
R/W-0h
0
LEGEND: R/W = Read/Write; R = Read only; -n = value after reset
Table 12. Feature Select Register Field Descriptions
Bit
Field
Type
Reset
Description
7-6
DEV[1:0]
R/W
0h
Device ID bits.
00 = ID for device
01 = ID for device
10 = ID for device
11 = ID for device
0
1
2
3
in daisy-chain
in daisy-chain
in daisy-chain
in daisy-chain
mode
mode
mode
mode
5
0
R
0h
Must always be set to 0
4
0
R/W
0h
ALARM feature enable.
0 = ALARM feature is disabled
1 = ALARM feature is enabled
3
0
R
0h
Must always be set to 0
SDO[2:0]
R/W
0h
SDO data format bits (see Table 13).
2-0
Table 13. Description of Program Register Bits for SDO Data Format
(1)
OUTPUT FORMAT
SDO FORMAT
SDO[2:0]
BEGINNING OF THE
OUTPUT BIT STREAM
BITS 26-9
000
16th SCLK falling edge,
no latency
Conversion result for selected
channel (MSB-first)
001
16th SCLK falling edge,
no latency
Conversion result for selected
channel (MSB-first)
Channel
address (1)
010
16th SCLK falling edge,
no latency
Conversion result for selected
channel (MSB-first)
Channel
address (1)
Device
address (1)
SDO pulled
low
011
16th SCLK falling edge,
no latency
Conversion result for selected
channel (MSB-first)
Channel
address (1)
Device
address (1)
Input
range (1)
BITS 8-5
BITS 4-3
BITS 2-0
SDO pulled low
SDO pulled low
Table 14 lists the bit descriptions for these channel addresses, device addresses, and input range.
Table 14. Bit Description for the SDO Data
BIT
BIT DESCRIPTION
26-9
18 bits of conversion result for the channel represented in MSB-first format.
8-5
Four bits of channel address.
0000 = Channel 0
0001 = Channel 1
0010 = Channel 2
0011 = Channel 3
0100 = Channel 4 (valid only for
0101 = Channel 5 (valid only for
0110 = Channel 6 (valid only for
0111 = Channel 7 (valid only for
the ADS8698)
the ADS8698)
the ADS8698)
the ADS8698)
4-3
Two bits of device address (mainly useful in daisy-chain mode).
2-0
Three LSB bits of input voltage range (see the Range Select Registers section).
54
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8.5.2.3.3 Range Select Registers (addresses 05h-0Ch)
Address 05h corresponds to channel 0, address 06h corresponds to channel 1, address 07h corresponds to
channel 2, address 08h corresponds to channel 3, address 09h corresponds to channel 4, address 0Ah
corresponds to channel 5, address 0Bh corresponds to channel 6, and address 0Ch corresponds to channel 7.
These registers allow the selection of input ranges for all individual channels (n = 0 to 3 for the ADS8694 and n =
0 to 7 for the ADS8698). The default value for these registers is 00h.
Figure 96. Channel n Input Range Registers
7
0
R-0h
6
0
R-0h
5
0
R-0h
4
0
R-0h
3
2
1
Range_CHn[3:0]
R/W-0h
0
LEGEND: R/W = Read/Write; R = Read only; -n = value after reset
Table 15. Channel n Input Range Registers Field Descriptions
Bit
Field
Type
Reset
Description
7-4
0
R
0h
Must always be set to 0
3-0
Range_CHn[3:0]
R/W
0h
Input range selection bits for channel n (n = 0 to 3 for the ADS8694 and
n = 0 to 7 for the ADS8698).
0000 = Input range is set to ±2.5 x VREF
0001 = Input range is set to ±1.25 x VREF
0010 = Input range is set to ±0.625 x VREF
0101 = Input range is set to 0 to 2.5 x VREF
0110 = Input range is set to 0 to 1.25 x VREF
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8.5.2.3.4 Alarm Flag Registers (Read-Only)
The alarm conditions related to individual channels are stored in these registers. The flags can be read when an
alarm interrupt is received on the ALARM pin. There are two types of flag for every alarm: active and tripped.
The active flag is set to 1 under the alarm condition (when data cross the alarm limit) and remains so as long as
the alarm condition persists. The tripped flag turns on the alarm condition similar to the active flag, but remains
set until read. This feature relieves the device from having to track alarms.
8.5.2.3.4.1 ALARM Overview Tripped-Flag Register (address = 10h)
The ALARM overview tripper-flags register contains the logical OR of high or low tripped alarm flags for all eight
channels.
Figure 97. ALARM Overview Tripped-Flag Register
7
Tripped Alarm
Flag Ch7 (1)
R-0h
6
Tripped Alarm
Flag Ch6
R-0h
5
Tripped Alarm
Flag Ch5
R-0h
4
Tripped Alarm
Flag Ch4
R-0h
3
Tripped Alarm
Flag Ch3
R-0h
2
Tripped Alarm
Flag Ch2
R-0h
1
Tripped Alarm
Flag Ch1
R-0h
0
Tripped Alarm
Flag Ch0
R-0h
LEGEND: R = Read only; -n = value after reset
(1)
Shading indicates bits or registers that are not included in the 4-channel version of the device. A write operation on any of these bits or
registers has no effect on device behavior. A read operation on any of these bits or registers outputs all 1's on the SDO line.
Table 16. ALARM Overview Tripped-Flag Register Field Descriptions
Bit
56
Field
Type
Reset
Description
7
Tripped Alarm Flag Ch7
R
0h
6
Tripped Alarm Flag Ch6
R
0h
5
Tripped Alarm Flag Ch5
R
0h
4
Tripped Alarm Flag Ch4
R
0h
Tripped alarm flag for all analog channels at a glance.
Each individual bit indicates a tripped alarm flag status for each
channel, as per the alarm flags register for channels 7 to 0,
respectively.
0 = No alarm detected
1 = Alarm detected
3
Tripped Alarm Flag Ch3
R
0h
2
Tripped Alarm Flag Ch2
R
0h
1
Tripped Alarm Flag Ch1
R
0h
0
Tripped Alarm Flag Ch0
R
0h
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8.5.2.3.4.2 Alarm Flag Registers: Tripped and Active (address = 11h to 14h)
There are two alarm thresholds (high and low) per channel, with two flags for each threshold. An active alarm
flag is enabled when an alarm is triggered (when data cross the alarm threshold) and remains enabled as long
as the alarm condition persists. A tripped alarm flag is enabled in the same manner as an active alarm flag, but
remains latched until read. Registers 11h to 14h in the program registers store the active and tripped alarm flags
for all individual eight channels.
Figure 98. ALARM Ch0-3 Tripped-Flag Register (address = 11h)
7
Tripped Alarm
Flag Ch0 Low
R-0h
6
Tripped Alarm
Flag Ch0 High
R-0h
5
Tripped Alarm
Flag Ch1 Low
R-0h
4
Tripped Alarm
Flag Ch1 High
R-0h
3
Tripped Alarm
Flag Ch2 Low
R-0h
2
Tripped Alarm
Flag Ch2 High
R-0h
1
Tripped Alarm
Flag Ch3 Low
R-0h
0
Tripped Alarm
Flag Ch3 High
R-0h
LEGEND: R = Read only; -n = value after reset
Table 17. ALARM Ch0-3 Tripped-Flag Register Field Descriptions
Bit
Field
Type
Reset
Description
7-0
Tripped Alarm Flag Ch n
Low or High (n = 0 to 3)
R
0h
Tripped alarm flag high, low for channel n (n = 0 to 3)
Each individual bit indicates an active high or low alarm flag status for
each channel, as per the alarm flags register for channels 0 to 7.
0 = No alarm detected
1 = Alarm detected
Figure 99. ALARM Ch0-3 Active-Flag Register (address = 12h)
7
Active Alarm
Flag Ch0 Low
R-0h
6
Active Alarm
Flag Ch0 High
R-0h
5
Active Alarm
Flag Ch1 Low
R-0h
4
Active Alarm
Flag Ch1 High
R-0h
3
Active Alarm
Flag Ch2 Low
R-0h
2
Active Alarm
Flag Ch2 High
R-0h
1
Active Alarm
Flag Ch3 Low
R-0h
0
Active Alarm
Flag Ch3 High
R-0h
LEGEND: R = Read only; -n = value after reset
Table 18. ALARM Ch0-3 Active-Flag Register Field Descriptions
Bit
Field
Type
Reset
Description
7-0
Active Alarm Flag Ch n Low
or High (n = 0 to 3)
R
0h
Active alarm flag high, low for channel n (n = 0 to 3)
Each individual bit indicates an active high or low alarm flag status for
each channel, as per the alarm flags register for channels 0 to 7.
0 = No alarm detected
1 = Alarm detected
Figure 100. ALARM Ch4-7 Tripped-Flag Register (address = 13h) (1)
7
Tripped Alarm
Flag Ch4 Low
R-0h
6
Tripped Alarm
Flag Ch4 High
R-0h
5
Tripped Alarm
Flag Ch5 Low
R-0h
4
Tripped Alarm
Flag Ch5 High
R-0h
3
Tripped Alarm
Flag Ch6 Low
R-0h
2
Tripped Alarm
Flag Ch6 High
R-0h
1
Tripped Alarm
Flag Ch7 Low
R-0h
0
Tripped Alarm
Flag Ch7 High
R-0h
LEGEND: R = Read only; -n = value after reset
(1)
This register is not included in the 4-channel version of the device. A write operation on this register has no effect on device behavior. A
read operation on this register outputs all 1's on the SDO line.
Table 19. ALARM Ch4-7 Tripped-Flag Register Field Descriptions
Bit
Field
Type
Reset
Description
7-0
Tripped Alarm Flag Ch n
Low or High (n = 4 to 7)
R
0h
Tripped alarm flag high, low for channel n (n = 4 to 7).
Each individual bit indicates an active high or low alarm flag status for
each channel, as per the alarm flags register for channels 0 to 7.
0 = No alarm detected
1 = Alarm detected
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Figure 101. ALARM Ch4-7 Active-Flag Register (address = 14h) (1)
7
Active Alarm
Flag Ch4 Low
R-0h
6
Active Alarm
Flag Ch4 High
R-0h
5
Active Alarm
Flag Ch5 Low
R-0h
4
Active Alarm
Flag Ch5 High
R-0h
3
Active Alarm
Flag Ch6 Low
R-0h
2
Active Alarm
Flag Ch6 High
R-0h
1
Active Alarm
Flag Ch7 Low
R-0h
0
Active Alarm
Flag Ch7 High
R-0h
LEGEND: R = Read only; -n = value after reset
(1)
This register is not included in the 4-channel version of the device. A write operation on this register has no effect on device behavior. A
read operation on this register outputs all 1's on the SDO line.
Table 20. ALARM Ch4-7 Active-Flag Register Field Descriptions
58
Bit
Field
Type
Reset
Description
7-0
Active Alarm Flag Ch n Low
or High (n = 4 to 7)
R
0h
Active alarm flag high, low for channel n (n = 4 to 7).
Each individual bit indicates an active high or low alarm flag status for
each channel, as per the alarm flags register for channels 0 to 7.
0 = No alarm detected
1 = Alarm detected
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8.5.2.3.5 Alarm Threshold Setting Registers
The ADS8694 and ADS8698 feature individual high and low alarm threshold settings for each channel. Each
alarm threshold is 16 bits wide with 8-bit hysteresis, which is the same for both high and low threshold settings.
This 40-bit setting is accomplished through five 8-bit registers associated with every high and low alarm.
NAME
Ch 0 Hysteresis
Ch 0 High Threshold MSB
Ch 0 High Threshold LSB
Ch 0 Low Threshold MSB
Ch 0 Low Threshold LSB
Ch 1 Hysteresis
Ch 1 High Threshold MSB
Ch 1 High Threshold LSB
Ch 1 Low Threshold MSB
Ch 1 Low Threshold LSB
Ch 2 Hysteresis
Ch 2 High Threshold MSB
Ch 2 High Threshold LSB
Ch 2 Low Threshold MSB
Ch 2 Low Threshold LSB
Ch 3 Hysteresis
Ch 3 High Threshold MSB
Ch 3 High Threshold LSB
Ch 3 Low Threshold MSB
Ch 3 Low Threshold LSB
Ch 4 Hysteresis (1)
Ch 4 High Threshold MSB
Ch 4 High Threshold LSB
Ch 4 Low Threshold MSB
Ch 4 Low Threshold LSB
Ch 5 Hysteresis
Ch 5 High Threshold MSB
Ch 5 High Threshold LSB
Ch 5 Low Threshold MSB
Ch 5 Low Threshold LSB
Ch 6 Hysteresis
Ch 6 High Threshold MSB
Ch 6 High Threshold LSB
Ch 6 Low Threshold MSB
Ch 6 Low Threshold LSB
Ch 7 Hysteresis
Ch 7 High Threshold MSB
Ch 7 High Threshold LSB
Ch 7 Low Threshold MSB
Ch 7 Low Threshold LSB
(1)
ADDR
15h
16h
17h
18h
19h
1Ah
1Bh
1Ch
1Dh
1Eh
1Fh
20h
21h
22h
23h
24h
25h
26h
27h
28h
29h
2Ah
2Bh
2Ch
2Dh
2Eh
2Fh
30h
31h
32h
33h
34h
35h
36h
37h
38h
39h
3Ah
3Bh
3Ch
BIT 7
BIT 6
BIT 5
BIT 4
BIT 3
CH0_HYST[7:0]
CH0_HT[15:8]
CH0_HT[7:0]
CH0_LT[15:8]
CH0_LT[7:0]
CH1_HYST[7:0]
CH1_HT[15:8]
CH1_HT[7:0]
CH1_LT[15:8]
CH1_LT[7:0]
CH2_HYST[7:0]
CH2_HT[15:8]
CH2_HT[7:0]
CH2_LT[15:8]
CH2_LT[7:0]
CH3_HYST[7:0]
CH3_HT[15:8]
CH3_HT[7:0]
CH3_LT[15:8]
CH3_LT[7:0]
CH4_HYST[7:0]
CH4_HT[15:8]
CH4_HT[7:0]
CH4_LT[15:8]
CH4_LT[7:0]
CH5_HYST[7:0]
CH5_HT[15:8]
CH5_HT[7:0]
CH5_LT[15:8]
CH5_LT[7:0]
CH6_HYST[7:0]
CH6_HT[15:8]
CH6_HT[7:0]
CH6_LT[15:8]
CH6_LT[7:0]
CH7_HYST[7:0]
CH7_HT[15:8]
CH7_HT[7:0]
CH7_LT[15:8]
CH7_LT[7:0]
BIT 2
BIT 1
BIT 0
Shading indicates bits or registers not included in the 4-channel version of the device.
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Figure 102. Ch n Hysteresis Registers
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
CHn_HYST[7:0]
R/W-0h
LEGEND: R/W = Read/Write; R = Read only; -n = value after reset
Table 21. Channel n Hysteresis Register Field Descriptions
(n = 0 to 7 for the ADS8698; n = 0 to 3 for the ADS8694)
Bit
Field
Type
Reset
Description
7-0
Channel n Hysteresis[7-0]
(n = 0 to 7 for the ADS8698;
n = 0 to 3 for the ADS8694)
R/W
0h
These bits set the channel high and low alarm hysteresis for
channel n (n = 0 to 7 for the ADS8698; n = 0 to 3 for the
ADS8694)
For example, bits 7-0 of the channel 0 register (address 15h) set
the channel 0 alarm hysteresis.
00000000 = No hysteresis
00000001 = ±1-LSB hysteresis
00000010 to 11111110 = ±2-LSB to ±254-LSB hysteresis
11111111 = ±255-LSB hysteresis
Figure 103. Ch n High Threshold MSB Registers
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
CHn_HT[15:8]
R/W-1h
LEGEND: R/W = Read/Write; -n = value after reset
Table 22. Channel n High Threshold MSB Register Field Descriptions
(n = 0 to 7 for the ADS8698; n = 0 to 3 for the ADS8694)
60
Bit
Field
Type
Reset
Description
7-0
CHn_HT[15:8]
(n = 0 to 7 for the ADS8698;
n = 0 to 3 for the ADS8694)
R/W
1h
These bits set the MSB byte for the 16-bit channel n high alarm.
For example, bits 7-0 of the channel 0 register (address 16h) set
the MSB byte for the channel 0 high alarm threshold. The
channel 0 high alarm threshold is AAFFh when bits 7-0 of the ch
0 high threshold MSB register (address 16h) are set to AAh and
bits 7-0 of the ch 0 high threshold LSB register (address 17h)
are set to FFh.
0000 0000 = MSB byte is 00h
0000 0001 = MSB byte is 01h
0000 0010 to 1110 1111 = MSB byte is 02h to FEh
1111 1111 = MSB byte is FFh
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Figure 104. Ch n High Threshold LSB Registers
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
CHn_HT[7:0]
R/W-1h
LEGEND: R/W = Read/Write; R = Read only; -n = value after reset
Table 23. Channel n High Threshold LSB Register Field Descriptions
(n = 0 to 7 for the ADS8698; n = 0 to 3 for the ADS8694)
Bit
Field
Type
Reset
Description
7-0
CHn_HT[7-0]
(n = 0 to 7 for the ADS8698;
n = 0 to 3 for the ADS8694)
R/W
1h
These bits set the LSB for the 16-bit channel n high alarm.
For example, bits 7-0 of the channel 0 register (address 17h) set
the LSB for the channel 0 high alarm threshold. The channel 0
high alarm threshold is AAFFh when bits 7-0 of the ch 0 high
threshold MSB register (address 16h) are set to AAh and bits 70 of the ch 0 high threshold LSB register (address 17h) are set
to FFh.
0000 0000 = LSB byte is 00h
0000 0001 = LSB byte is 01h
0000 0010 to 1111 1110 = LSB byte is 02h to FEh
1111 1111 = LSB byte is FFh
Figure 105. Ch n Low Threshold MSB Registers
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
CHn_LT[15:8]
R/W-0h
LEGEND: R/W = Read/Write; -n = value after reset
Table 24. Channel n Low Threshold MSB Register Field Descriptions
(n = 0 to 7 for the ADS8698; n = 0 to 3 for the ADS8694)
Bit
Field
Type
Reset
Description
7-0
CHn_LT[15:8]
(n = 0 to 7 for the ADS8698;
n = 0 to 3 for the ADS8694)
R/W
0h
These bits set the MSB byte for the 16-bit channel n low alarm.
For example, bits 7-0 of the channel 0 register (address 18h) set
the MSB byte for the channel 0 low alarm threshold. The
channel 0 low alarm threshold is AAFFh when bits 7-0 of the ch
0 low threshold MSB register (address 18h) are set to AAh and
bits 7-0 of the ch 0 low threshold LSB register (address 19h) are
set to FFh.
0000 0000 = MSB byte is 00h
0000 0001 = MSB byte is 01h
0000 0010 to 1110 1111 = MSB byte is 02h to FEh
1111 1111 = MSB byte is FFh
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Figure 106. Ch n Low Threshold LSB Registers
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
CHn_LT[7:0]
R/W-0h
LEGEND: R/W = Read/Write; R = Read only; -n = value after reset
Table 25. Channel n Low Threshold MSB Register Field Descriptions
(n = 0 to 7 for the ADS8698; n = 0 to 3 for the ADS8694)
Bit
Field
Type
Reset
Description
7-0
CHn_LT[7-0]
(n = 0 to 7 for the ADS8698;
n = 0 to 3 for the ADS8694)
R/W
0h
These bits set the LSB for the 16-bit channel n low alarm.
For example, bits 7-0 of the channel 0 register (address 19h) set
the LSB for the channel 0 low alarm threshold. The channel 0
low alarm threshold is AAFFh when bits 7-0 of the ch 0 low
threshold MSB register (address 18h) are set to AAh and bits 70 of the ch 0 low threshold LSB register (address 19h) are set to
FFh.
0000 0000 = LSB byte is 00h
0000 0001 = LSB byte is 01h
0000 0010 to 1110 1111 = LSB byte is 02h to FEh
1111 1111 = LSB byte is FFh
8.5.2.3.6 Command Read-Back Register (address = 3Fh)
This register allows the device mode of operation to be read. On execution of this command, the device outputs
the command word executed in the previous data frame. The output of the command register appears on SDO
from the 16th falling edge onwards in an MSB-first format. All information regarding the command register is
contained in the first eight bits and the last eight bits are 0 (see Table 6), thus the command read-back operation
can be stopped after the 24th SCLK cycle.
Figure 107. Command Read-Back Register
7
6
5
4
3
COMMAND_WORD[15:8]
R-0h
2
1
0
LEGEND: R = Read only; -n = value after reset
Table 26. Command Read-Back Register Field Descriptions
62
Bit
Field
Type
Reset
Description
7-0
COMMAND_WORD[15:8]
R
0h
Command executed in previous data frame.
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9 Application and Implementation
NOTE
Information in the following applications sections is not part of the TI component
specification, and TI does not warrant its accuracy or completeness. TI’s customers are
responsible for determining suitability of components for their purposes. Customers should
validate and test their design implementation to confirm system functionality.
9.1 Application Information
The ADS8694 and ADS8698 devices are fully-integrated data acquisition systems based on a 18-bit SAR ADC.
The devices include an integrated analog front-end for each input channel and an integrated precision reference
with a buffer. As such, this device family does not require any additional external circuits for driving the reference
or analog input pins of the ADC.
9.2 Typical Applications
9.2.1 Phase-Compensated, 8-Channel, Multiplexed Data Acquisition System for Power Automation
Ch1 Input, V1
Reference
Input, VR
Ch n Input, Vn
(n = 1 to 7)
¨= Measured Phase Difference
Between Channels
Angle ()
¨r1
¨rn
(n = 1 to 7)
AVDD = 5 V
ADS8698
1 M:
PGA
C0
R0M AIN_0GND
R7P
AIN_7P
x
1 M:
x
1 M:
PGA
C7
R7M AIN_7GND
LPF
Simple Capture Card
18-Bit
ADC
Co
FPGA
SITARA
LPF
DDR
mp Pha
en se
sa
tio
nG
UI
x
x
x
1 M:
Typical 50-Hz
Balanced RC Filter
Sine-Wave from CT/PT
on Each Input
USB
AIN_0P
Multiplexer
R0P
4.096 V
AGND
Figure 108. 8-Channel, Multiplexed Data Acquisition System for Power Automation
9.2.1.1 Design Requirements
In modern power grids, accurately measuring the electrical parameters of the various areas of the power grid is
extremely critical. This measurement helps determine the operating status and running quality of the grid. Such
accurate measurements also help diagnose potential problems with the power network so that these problems
can be resolved quickly without having any significant service disruption. The key electrical parameters include
amplitude, frequency, and phase, which are important for calculating the power factor, power quality, and other
parameters of the power system.
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Typical Applications (continued)
The phase angle of the electrical signal on the power network buses is a special interest to power system
engineers. The primary objective for this design is to accurately measure the phase and phase difference
between the analog input signals in a multichannel data acquisition system. When multiple input channels are
sampled in a sequential manner as in a multiplexed ADC, an additional phase delay is introduced between the
channels. Thus, the phase measurements are not accurate. However, this additional phase delay is constant and
can be compensated in application software.
The key design requirements are given below:
• Single-ended sinusoidal input signal with a ±10-V amplitude and typical frequency (fIN = 50 Hz).
• Design an 8-channel multiplexed data acquisition system using a 18-bit SAR ADC.
• Design a software algorithm to compensate for the additional phase difference between the channels.
9.2.1.2 Detailed Design Procedure
The application circuit and system diagram for this design is shown in Figure 108. This design includes a
complete hardware and software implementation of a multichannel data acquisition system for power automation
applications.
This system can be designed using the ADS8698, which is a 18-bit, 500-kSPS, 8-channel, multiplexed input,
SAR ADC with integrated precision reference and analog front-end circuitry for each channel. The ADC supports
bipolar input ranges up to ±10.24 V with a single 5-V supply and provides minimum latency in data output
resulting from the SAR architecture. The integration offered by this device makes the ADS8694 and ADS8698 an
ideal selection for such applications, because the integrated signal conditioning helps minimize system
components and avoids the need for generating high-voltage supply rails. The overall system-level dc precision
(gain and offset errors) and low temperature drift offered by this device helps system designers achieve the
desired system accuracy without calibration. In most applications, using passive RC filters or multi-stage filters in
front of the ADC is preferred to reduce the noise of the input signal.
The software algorithm implemented in this design uses the discrete fourier transform (DFT) method to calculate
and track the input signal frequency, obtain the exact phase angle of the individual signal, calculate the phase
difference, and implement phase compensation. The entire algorithm has four steps:
• Calculate the theoretical phase difference introduced by the ADC resulting from multiplexing input channels.
• Estimate the frequency of the input signal using frequency tracking and DFT techniques.
• Calculate the phase angle of all signals in the system based on the estimated frequency.
• Compensate the phase difference for all channels using the theoretical value of an additional MUX phase
delay calculated in the first step.
For a step-by-step design procedure, circuit schematics, bill of materials, PCB files, simulation results, and test
results, see Phase Compensated 8-Channel, Multiplexed Data Acquisition System for Power Automation
Reference Design (TIDU427).
64
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9.2.2 18-Bit, 8-Channel, Integrated Analog Input Module for Programmable Logic Controllers (PLCs)
24 VDC_LIMIT
24 VDC
Hot Swap
Protection
LM5069
Isolated
Power Supply
LM5017
6-V VISO
LDO
TPS71501
5-V VISO, 25 mA
9.3 VDC
5-V VISO
LDO
TPS71533
50 Pin Interface
Connector
(To Base Board)
3.3 VDC,
15 mA
5-V VISO
Filter
AVDD
Protection
4 SE Voltage Inputs:
±10 VDC
0 VDC to 10 VDC
0 VDC to 5 VDC
1 VDC to 5 VDC
Protection
4 Current Inputs:
0 mA to 20 mA
4 mA to 20 mA
DVDD
ADS8698
18-Bit, 8-Ch, 500- kSPS
SAR ADC
SPI
3.3 VDC
I2 C
EEPROM
Digital Isolator
ISO7141CC
Filter
Figure 109. 18-Bit, 8-Channel, Integrated Analog Input Module for PLCs
9.2.2.1 Design Requirements
This reference design provides a complete solution for a single-supply industrial control analog input module.
The design is suitable for process control end equipment, such as programmable logic controllers (PLCs),
distributed control systems (DCSs), and data acquisition systems (DAS) modules that must digitize standard
industrial current inputs, and bipolar or unipolar input voltage ranges up to ±10 V. In an industrial environment,
the analog voltage and current ranges typically include ±2.5 V, ±5 V, ±10 V, 0 V to 5 V, 0 V to 10 V, 4 mA to
20 mA, and 0 mA to 20 mA. This reference design can measure all standard industrial voltage and current
inputs. Eight channels are provided on the module, and each channel can be configured as a current or voltage
input with software configuration.
The key design requirements are given below:
• Up to eight channels of user-programmable inputs:
– Voltage inputs (with a typical ZIN of 1 MΩ): ±10 V, ±5 V, ±2.5 V, 0 V to 10 V, and 0 V to 5 V.
– Current inputs (with a ZIN of 300 Ω): 0 mA to 20 mA, 4 mA to 20 mA, and ±20 mA.
• A 18-bit SAR ADC with SPI.
• Accuracy of ≤ 0.2% at 25°C over the entire input range of voltage and current inputs.
• Onboard isolated Fly-Buck™ power supply with inrush current protection.
• Slim-form factor 96 mm × 50.8 mm × 10 mm (L × W × H).
• LabView-based GUI for signal-chain analysis and functional testing.
• Designed to comply with IEC61000-4 standards for ESD, EFT, and surge.
9.2.2.2 Detailed Design Procedure
The application circuit and system diagram for this design is shown in Figure 109.
The module has eight analog input channels, and each channel can be configured as a current or voltage input
with software configuration. This design can be implemented using the ADS8698, 18-bit, 8-channel, single-supply
SAR ADC with an on-chip PGA and reference. The on-chip PGA provides a high-input impedance (typically 1
MΩ) and filters noise interference. The on-chip, 4.096-V, ultra-low drift voltage reference is used as the reference
for the ADC core.
Digital isolation is achieved using an ISO7141CC and ISO1541D. The host microcontroller communicates with a
TCA6408A (an 8-bit, I2C, I/O expander over an I2C bus). The ISO1541D is a bidirectional, I2C isolator that
isolates the I2C lines for the TCA6408A. The TCA6408A controls the low RON opto-switch (TLP3123) that is used
to switch between voltage-to-current input modes. The input channel configuration is done in microcontroller
firmware.
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A low-cost, constant, on-time, synchronous buck regulator in fly-buck configuration with an external transformer
(LM5017) generates the isolated power supply. The LM5017 has a wide input supply range, making this device
ideal for accepting a 24-V industrial supply. This transformer can accept up to 100 V, thereby making reliable
transient protection of the input supply more easily achievable. The fly-buck power supply isolates and steps the
input voltage down to 6 V. The supply then provides that voltage to the TPS70950 (the low dropout regulator) to
generate 5 V to power the ADS8698 and other circuitry. The LM5017 also features a number of other safety and
reliability functions, such as undervoltage lockout (UVLO), thermal shutdown, and peak current limit protection.
Input analog signals are protected against high-voltage, fast-transient events often expected in an industrial
environment. The protection circuitry makes use of the transient voltage suppressor (TVS) and ESD diodes. The
RC low-pass mode filters are used on each analog input before the input reaches the ADS8698, thus eliminating
any high-frequency noise pickups and minimizing aliasing.
For a step-by-step design procedure, circuit schematics, bill of materials, PCB files, simulation results, and test
results, see 16-Bit, 8-Channel, Integrated Analog Input Module for Programmable Logic Controllers (PLCs)
(TIDU365).
10 Power-Supply Recommendations
The device uses two separate power supplies: AVDD and DVDD. The internal circuits of the device operate on
AVDD; DVDD is used for the digital interface. AVDD and DVDD can be independently set to any value within the
permissible range.
The AVDD supply pins must be decoupled with AGND by using a minimum 10-µF and 1-µF capacitor on each
supply. Place the 1-µF capacitor as close to the supply pins as possible. Place a minimum 10-µF decoupling
capacitor very close to the DVDD supply to provide the high-frequency digital switching current. The effect of
using the decoupling capacitor is illustrated in the difference between the power-supply rejection ratio (PSRR)
performance of the device. Figure 110 shows the PSRR of the device without using a decoupling capacitor. The
PSRR improves when the decoupling capacitors are used, as shown in Figure 111.
140
Power Supply Rejection Ratio
Power Supply Rejection Ratio
140
120
100
80
----- ± 2.5*VREF
----- ± 1.25*VREF
60
----- ± 0.625*VREF
------ +2.5*VREF
------+1.25*VREF
40
120
100
80
----- ± 2.5*VREF
----- ± 1.25*VREF
60
----- ± 0.625*VREF
------ +2.5*VREF
------+1.25*VREF
40
100
1000
10000
100000
Input Frequency (Hz)
1000000
10000000
50
Code output near 131072
5000
50000
500000
5000000
C045
Code output near 131072
Figure 110. PSRR Without a Decoupling Capacitor
66
500
Input Frequency (Hz)
C046
Figure 111. PSRR With a Decoupling Capacitor
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11 Layout
11.1 Layout Guidelines
Figure 112 illustrates a PCB layout example for the ADS8694 and ADS8698.
• Partition the PCB into analog and digital sections. Care must be taken to ensure that the analog signals are
kept away from the digital lines. This layout helps keep the analog input and reference input signals away
from the digital noise. In this layout example, the analog input and reference signals are routed on the lower
side of the board and the digital connections are routed on the top side of the board.
• Using a single dedicated ground plane is strongly encouraged.
• Power sources to the ADS8694 and ADS8698 must be clean and well-bypassed. TI recommends using a
1-μF, X7R-grade, 0603-size ceramic capacitor with at least a 10-V rating in close proximity to the analog
(AVDD) supply pins. For decoupling the digital (DVDD) supply pin, a 10-μF, X7R-grade, 0805-size ceramic
capacitor with at least a 10-V rating is recommended. Placing vias between the AVDD, DVDD pins and the
bypass capacitors must be avoided. All ground pins must be connected to the ground plane using short, low
impedance paths.
• There are two decoupling capacitors used for the REFCAP pin. The first is a small, 1-μF, X7R-grade, 0603size ceramic capacitor placed close to the device pins for decoupling the high-frequency signals and the
second is a 22-µF, X7R-grade, 1210-size ceramic capacitor to provide the charge required by the reference
circuit of the device. Both of these capacitors must be directly connected to the device pins without any vias
between the pins and capacitors.
• The REFIO pin also must be decoupled with a 10-µF ceramic capacitor, if the internal reference of the device
is used. The capacitor must be placed close to the device pins.
• For the auxiliary channel, the fly-wheel RC filter components must be placed close to the device. Among
ceramic surface-mount capacitors, COG (NPO) ceramic capacitors provide the best capacitance precision.
The type of dielectric used in COG (NPO) ceramic capacitors provides the most stable electrical properties
over voltage, frequency, and temperature changes.
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11.2 Layout Example
RST/PD
38: CS
2: RST/PD
37: SCLK
3: REFSEL
36: SDO
4: DAISY
SDO
1: SDI
SCLK
REFSEL
SDI
CS
Digital Pins
35: NC
DAISY
5: REFIO
34: DVDD
10µF
33: DGND
8: AGND
32: AGND
GND
GND
7: REFCAP
GND
GND
6: REFGND
1µF
22µF
GND
10µF (When using internal VREF)
31: AGND
1µF
9: AVDD
30: AVDD
10: AUX_IN
29: AGND
`
Optional RC Filter for
Channel AIN_0 to AIN_7
11: AUX_GND
28: AGND
12: AIN_6P
27: AIN_5P
13: AIN_6GND
26: AIN_5GND
14: AIN_7P
25: AIN_4P
15: AIN_7GND
24: AIN_4GND
16: AIN_0P
23: AIN_3P
17: AIN_0GND
22: AIN_3GND
18: AIN_1P
21: AIN_2P
19: AIN_1GND
20: AIN_2GND
GND
GND
1µF
Analog Pins
Figure 112. Board Layout for the ADS8694 and ADS8698
68
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12 Device and Documentation Support
12.1 Documentation Support
12.1.1 Related Documentation
For related documentation see the following:
• LM5017 Data Sheet, SNVS783
• OPA320 Data Sheet, SBOS513
• REF5040 Data Sheet, SBOS410F
• AN-2029 - Handling & Process Recommendations, SNOA550B
• TIDA-00164 Verified Design Reference Guide: 16-Bit, 8-Channel, Integrated Analog Input Module for
Programmable Logic Controllers (PLCs), TIDU365
• TIPD167 Verified Design Reference Guide: Phase Compensated 8-Channel, Multiplexed Data Acquisition
System for Power Automation, TIDU427
12.2 Related Links
The table below lists quick access links. Categories include technical documents, support and community
resources, tools and software, and quick access to sample or buy.
Table 27. Related Links
PARTS
PRODUCT FOLDER
SAMPLE & BUY
TECHNICAL
DOCUMENTS
TOOLS &
SOFTWARE
SUPPORT &
COMMUNITY
ADS8694
Click here
Click here
Click here
Click here
Click here
ADS8698
Click here
Click here
Click here
Click here
Click here
12.3 Community Resources
The following links connect to TI community resources. Linked contents are provided "AS IS" by the respective
contributors. They do not constitute TI specifications and do not necessarily reflect TI's views; see TI's Terms of
Use.
TI E2E™ Online Community TI's Engineer-to-Engineer (E2E) Community. Created to foster collaboration
among engineers. At e2e.ti.com, you can ask questions, share knowledge, explore ideas and help
solve problems with fellow engineers.
Design Support TI's Design Support Quickly find helpful E2E forums along with design support tools and
contact information for technical support.
12.4 Trademarks
E2E is a trademark of Texas Instruments.
Fly-Buck is a trademark of Texas Instruments, Inc.
SPI is a trademark of Motorola.
All other trademarks are the property of their respective owners.
12.5 Electrostatic Discharge Caution
This integrated circuit can be damaged by ESD. Texas Instruments recommends that all integrated circuits be handled with
appropriate precautions. Failure to observe proper handling and installation procedures can cause damage.
ESD damage can range from subtle performance degradation to complete device failure. Precision integrated circuits may be more
susceptible to damage because very small parametric changes could cause the device not to meet its published specifications.
12.6 Glossary
SLYZ022 — TI Glossary.
This glossary lists and explains terms, acronyms, and definitions.
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Product Folder Links: ADS8694 ADS8698
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ADS8694, ADS8698
SBAS686 – JULY 2015
www.ti.com
13 Mechanical, Packaging, and Orderable Information
The following pages include mechanical packaging and orderable information. This information is the most
current data available for the designated devices. This data is subject to change without notice and revision of
this document. For browser-based versions of this data sheet, refer to the left-hand navigation.
70
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Copyright © 2015, Texas Instruments Incorporated
Product Folder Links: ADS8694 ADS8698
PACKAGE OPTION ADDENDUM
www.ti.com
21-Jul-2015
PACKAGING INFORMATION
Orderable Device
Status
(1)
Package Type Package Pins Package
Drawing
Qty
Eco Plan
Lead/Ball Finish
MSL Peak Temp
(2)
(6)
(3)
Op Temp (°C)
Device Marking
(4/5)
ADS8694IDBT
ACTIVE
TSSOP
DBT
38
50
Green (RoHS
& no Sb/Br)
CU NIPDAU
Level-2-260C-1 YEAR
-40 to 125
ADS8694
ADS8694IDBTR
ACTIVE
TSSOP
DBT
38
2000
Green (RoHS
& no Sb/Br)
CU NIPDAU
Level-2-260C-1 YEAR
-40 to 125
ADS8694
ADS8698IDBT
ACTIVE
TSSOP
DBT
38
50
Green (RoHS
& no Sb/Br)
CU NIPDAU
Level-2-260C-1 YEAR
-40 to 125
ADS8698
ADS8698IDBTR
ACTIVE
TSSOP
DBT
38
2000
Green (RoHS
& no Sb/Br)
CU NIPDAU
Level-2-260C-1 YEAR
-40 to 125
ADS8698
(1)
The marketing status values are defined as follows:
ACTIVE: Product device recommended for new designs.
LIFEBUY: TI has announced that the device will be discontinued, and a lifetime-buy period is in effect.
NRND: Not recommended for new designs. Device is in production to support existing customers, but TI does not recommend using this part in a new design.
PREVIEW: Device has been announced but is not in production. Samples may or may not be available.
OBSOLETE: TI has discontinued the production of the device.
(2)
Eco Plan - The planned eco-friendly classification: Pb-Free (RoHS), Pb-Free (RoHS Exempt), or Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) - please check http://www.ti.com/productcontent for the latest availability
information and additional product content details.
TBD: The Pb-Free/Green conversion plan has not been defined.
Pb-Free (RoHS): TI's terms "Lead-Free" or "Pb-Free" mean semiconductor products that are compatible with the current RoHS requirements for all 6 substances, including the requirement that
lead not exceed 0.1% by weight in homogeneous materials. Where designed to be soldered at high temperatures, TI Pb-Free products are suitable for use in specified lead-free processes.
Pb-Free (RoHS Exempt): This component has a RoHS exemption for either 1) lead-based flip-chip solder bumps used between the die and package, or 2) lead-based die adhesive used between
the die and leadframe. The component is otherwise considered Pb-Free (RoHS compatible) as defined above.
Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br): TI defines "Green" to mean Pb-Free (RoHS compatible), and free of Bromine (Br) and Antimony (Sb) based flame retardants (Br or Sb do not exceed 0.1% by weight
in homogeneous material)
(3)
MSL, Peak Temp. - The Moisture Sensitivity Level rating according to the JEDEC industry standard classifications, and peak solder temperature.
(4)
There may be additional marking, which relates to the logo, the lot trace code information, or the environmental category on the device.
(5)
Multiple Device Markings will be inside parentheses. Only one Device Marking contained in parentheses and separated by a "~" will appear on a device. If a line is indented then it is a continuation
of the previous line and the two combined represent the entire Device Marking for that device.
(6)
Lead/Ball Finish - Orderable Devices may have multiple material finish options. Finish options are separated by a vertical ruled line. Lead/Ball Finish values may wrap to two lines if the finish
value exceeds the maximum column width.
Addendum-Page 1
Samples
PACKAGE OPTION ADDENDUM
www.ti.com
21-Jul-2015
Important Information and Disclaimer:The information provided on this page represents TI's knowledge and belief as of the date that it is provided. TI bases its knowledge and belief on information
provided by third parties, and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of such information. Efforts are underway to better integrate information from third parties. TI has taken and
continues to take reasonable steps to provide representative and accurate information but may not have conducted destructive testing or chemical analysis on incoming materials and chemicals.
TI and TI suppliers consider certain information to be proprietary, and thus CAS numbers and other limited information may not be available for release.
In no event shall TI's liability arising out of such information exceed the total purchase price of the TI part(s) at issue in this document sold by TI to Customer on an annual basis.
Addendum-Page 2
PACKAGE MATERIALS INFORMATION
www.ti.com
21-Jul-2015
TAPE AND REEL INFORMATION
*All dimensions are nominal
Device
Package Package Pins
Type Drawing
SPQ
Reel
Reel
A0
Diameter Width (mm)
(mm) W1 (mm)
B0
(mm)
K0
(mm)
P1
(mm)
W
Pin1
(mm) Quadrant
ADS8694IDBTR
TSSOP
DBT
38
2000
330.0
16.4
6.9
10.2
1.8
12.0
16.0
Q1
ADS8698IDBTR
TSSOP
DBT
38
2000
330.0
16.4
6.9
10.2
1.8
12.0
16.0
Q1
Pack Materials-Page 1
PACKAGE MATERIALS INFORMATION
www.ti.com
21-Jul-2015
*All dimensions are nominal
Device
Package Type
Package Drawing
Pins
SPQ
Length (mm)
Width (mm)
Height (mm)
ADS8694IDBTR
TSSOP
DBT
38
2000
367.0
367.0
38.0
ADS8698IDBTR
TSSOP
DBT
38
2000
367.0
367.0
38.0
Pack Materials-Page 2
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