MP2604 Single-Cell 1A Linear Li-Ion Battery Charger without Trickle Charge The Future of Analog IC Technology DESCRIPTION FEATURES The MP2604 is a linear, high-performance single cell Li-Ion battery charger. By integrating high voltage input protection into the charger IC, the MP2604 can tolerate an input surge up to 28V. • • • • • • • • • • • • • • The device features constant current (CC) and constant voltage (CV) charging modes with programmable charge currents (85mA to 1A), programmable battery full threshold, thermal protection, battery temperature monitoring and reverse current blocking. The device also provides AC adapter power good and charge status indications to the system. MP2604 is available in 10-pin 3mm x 3mm QFN package. • EVALUATION BOARD REFERENCE Board Number Dimensions EV2604DQ-00A 2.0” x 1.9” x 0.6” Input Surge up to 28V Adapter or USB Input Programmable Charge Current: 85mA to 1A Proprietary Constant Voltage Auto Recharge Proprietary Over-Voltage Protection 0.75% VBATT Accuracy <1µA Battery Reverse Current 90µA Standby Current from VIN Battery Temperature Monitoring Over Current Protection AC Adapter Power Good Indicator Charge Status Indicator Programmable Soft-Start Programmable Charge Termination Current Threshold Tiny 3mm x 3mm QFN Package APPLICATIONS • • • • • Cell Phones MP3/Multimedia Players Smart Phones PDAs Digital Cameras “MPS” and “The Future of Analog IC Technology” are Registered Trademarks of Monolithic Power Systems, Inc. TYPICAL APPLICATION 3.5V - 28V To system IBATT 1 2 3 ON OFF 4 5 MP2604 Rev. 1.2 1/25/2010 IN BATT CHG ISET MP2604 ACOK IBF EN SS NTC GND 10 + VBATT _ 9 8 7 6 www.MonolithicPower.com MPS Proprietary Information. Unauthorized Photocopy and Duplication Prohibited. © 2010 MPS. All Rights Reserved. 1 MP2604 – SINGLE CELL 1A LINEAR LI-ION BATTERY CHARGER W/O TRICKLE CHARGE ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS (1) PACKAGE REFERENCE IN to GND .................................... –0.3V to +28V All Other Pins to GND................. –0.3V to +6.5V Junction Temperature...............................140°C Lead Temperature ....................................260°C Storage Temperature ..............–65°C to +150°C TOP VIEW IN 1 10 BATT CHG 2 9 ISET ACOK 3 8 IBF EN 4 7 SS NTC 5 6 GND Recommended Operating Conditions Nominal Supply Voltage VIN............ 3.5V to 6.5V Operating Temperature .............–40°C to +85°C Thermal Resistance EXPOSED PAD ON BACKSIDE Part Number* MP2604DQ * (2) (3) θJA θJC 3x3 QFN10 ............................. 50 ...... 12... °C/W Package QFN10 (3mm x 3mm) Temperature –40°C to +85°C For Tape & Reel, add suffix –Z (eg. MP2604DQ–Z) For RoHS Compliant Packaging, add suffix –LF (eg. MP2604DQ–LF–Z) Notes: 1) Exceeding these ratings may damage the device. 2) The device is not guaranteed to function outside of its operating conditions. 3) Measured on approximately 1” square of 1 oz copper. ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS VIN = 5V, VEN = 0V, TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted. Parameter Symbol Condition Supply Current ISUPPLY Battery Voltage Regulation Battery Over-Voltage Protection VBATT Min Typ EN = High 40 EN = Low, ICHG = 0A 500 Max Units µA V T = –5°C to +75°C, IBATT = 0 4.158 4.20 IBATT_OVP VBATT = 4.25V 4.242 0 µA VIN = 5V, VBATT = 3.8V RCHG = 3.3kΩ 450 515 580 mA VIN = 5V, VBATT = 3.8V, TJ = 0°C to +120°C, RCHG = 1.6kΩΩ to 8.0kΩΩ 87 100 113 %ICHG(4) Refer to Operation section for programming IBF 10 50 %ICHG(4) 75 1.19 1.23 125 1.27 %IBF(5) V Input ACOK Up Range 6.8 7.0 7.2 V Input ACOK Low Range 1.8 2.5 3.2 V EN Trip Threshold High 2.5 Constant Current Regulation ICHG Constant Current Variation Battery Full Programming Range IBF Accuracy SS Pin Voltage EN Trip Threshold Low Input Over Voltage Protection MP2604 Rev. 1.2 1/25/2010 IBF CSS = 0.1uF, VBATT = 3.6V OVP VIN Rising 6.7 V 7 www.MonolithicPower.com MPS Proprietary Information. Unauthorized Photocopy and Duplication Prohibited. © 2010 MPS. All Rights Reserved. 0.4 V 7.3 V 2 MP2604 – SINGLE CELL 1A LINEAR LI-ION BATTERY CHARGER W/O TRICKLE CHARGE ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued) VIN = 5V, VEN = 0V, TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted. Parameter OVP Hysteresis Symbol Condition CHG , ACOK Sink Current Pin Voltage = 0.4V Battery Reverse Current to BATT Pin EN = Low and Input = Floating or 0V VBATT = 3.8V, IBATT = 300mA, RCHG = 1.7kΩ Switch-On Resistance RON Soft Thermal Shutdown Threshold Soft Thermal Shutdown Hysteresis Soft-Start Time Min Typ 400 Max 8 mA 1 0.35 105 120 10 20 µA Ω 135 10 CSS = 0.1µF Units mV °C °C 35 ms Notes: 4) ICHG is the target preprogrammed charge current (Die temperature below 110°C). 5) IBF is the target preprogrammed battery full current threshold. PIN FUNCTIONS Pin # Name 1 IN Input Supply Pin. IN receives the AC adapter or USB supply voltage. 2 CHG Open-Drain Charge Status Indicator. This pin is low during charging. 3 ACOK Open-Drain Input ACOK Indicator. This pin is low if the voltage at the IN pin is between 2.5V and 6V. 4 EN Charger IC Enable. An input “Low” signal at this pin or if the pin is floating will enable the IC. 5 NTC 6 GND 7 SS 8 IBF 9 ISET 10 BATT MP2604 Rev. 1.2 1/25/2010 Description Negative Thermal Coefficient (NTC) Thermistor Pin. Connect a 500kΩ resistor from this pin to the IN pin and a 100kΩ NTC resistor (within the battery pack) from this pin to ground. If the NTC function is not used, replace the NTC resistor with a regular 100kΩ resistor from this pin to ground. Do not leave this pin floating. Ground. Soft-Start Timer. Connect this pin to an external capacitor to program the soft-start startup time C using the equation: TSS = SS × 20m sec . 0.1µF Charge Status Threshold Program. Connect this pin to an external resistor to program the charge termination current or battery full charge current. Constant Charge Current Program. Connect this pin to an external resistor to program the charging current in CC Mode. Charger Output. www.MonolithicPower.com MPS Proprietary Information. Unauthorized Photocopy and Duplication Prohibited. © 2010 MPS. All Rights Reserved. 3 MP2604 – SINGLE CELL 1A LINEAR LI-ION BATTERY CHARGER W/O TRICKLE CHARGE TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS VIN = 5V, CIN = 10µF, COUT = 4.7µF, TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted. Battery Voltage vs Input Voltage Charge Currents vs Battery Voltage 1100 CHARGE CURRENT (mA) BATTERY VOLTAGE (V) 4.5 4.3 4.1 3.9 3.7 ICHG=0.43A 3.5 4.5 4.8 5.1 5.4 5.8 INPUT VOLTAGE (V) 6.0 1.0A 900 700 500 0.5A 300 0.2A 100 2.7 2.9 3.1 3.3 3.5 3.7 3.9 4.1 BATTERY VOLTAGE (V) VIN 5V/div. VIN 5V/div. VBATT 2V/div. VEN 5V/div. VBATT 2V/div. VEN 5V/div. IBATT 0.5A/div. IBATT 0.5A/div. 2ms/div. CHARGE CURRENT (mA) 1200 Charge Current vs Input Voltage 16 Charge Current vs RCHG Resistance 14 1000 12 800 10 600 8 400 6 4 200 2 0 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.6 4.7 4.8 4.9 5.0 INPUT VOLTAGE (V) MP2604 Rev. 1.2 1/25/2010 0 0 200 400 600 800 1000 CHARGE CURRENT (mA) www.MonolithicPower.com MPS Proprietary Information. Unauthorized Photocopy and Duplication Prohibited. © 2010 MPS. All Rights Reserved. 4 MP2604 – SINGLE CELL 1A LINEAR LI-ION BATTERY CHARGER W/O TRICKLE CHARGE TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS (continued) VIN = 5V, CIN = 10µF, COUT = 4.7µF, TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted. RNTC vs Input Voltage Reverse Current vs Battery Voltage 400 0.6 TLOW 350 0.5 300 0.4 250 200 0.3 150 0.2 100 THIGH 50 0 4.5 4.8 5.1 5.4 5.8 INPUT VOLTAGE (V) 0.1 6.0 4.30 720 BATTERY VOLTAGE (V) CHARGE CURRENT (mA) VBATT = 3.8V 700 680 660 640 620 600 -50 MP2604 Rev. 1.2 1/25/2010 -25 0 +25 +50 TEMPERATURE (°C) 2.9 3.3 3.7 4.1 BATTERY VOLTAGE (V) 4.5 Battery Voltage vs Temperature Charge Current vs Temperature 740 VIN=0V 0 2.5 +75 ICHG = 15mA 4.26 4.22 4.18 4.14 4.10 -50 -25 0 +25 +50 TEMPERATURE (°C) www.MonolithicPower.com MPS Proprietary Information. Unauthorized Photocopy and Duplication Prohibited. © 2010 MPS. All Rights Reserved. +75 5 MP2604 – SINGLE CELL 1A LINEAR LI-ION BATTERY CHARGER W/O TRICKLE CHARGE BLOCK DIAGRAM IN VIN CIN 1 R1 NTC 5 BATT I BATT RNTC 10 SS CSS ISET CHG 7 + VBATT _ COUT 2 BATTERY CHARGE CONTROL 9 RCHG ACOK IBF 3 8 RBF 4 OFF ON EN 6 GND Figure 1—Functional Block Diagram OPERATION Input Voltage Range The MP2604 has built-in input voltage surge protection as high as +28V. The charger IC will be automatically disabled when the input voltage is lower than 2.5V or higher than 7.0V. The open-drain pin ACOK is used to indicate an input power good condition (i.e. 2.5V<VIN<7.0V). If the input voltage is lower than the battery voltage, the IC is also disabled to prevent the battery from draining. Charge Cycle (Mode Change: CC-> CV) Figure 2 below shows the typical charging profile for the MP2604. Figure 3 shows the typical charging procedure. For a depleted battery the MP2604 will start with the constant current of the programmed value (ICHG). This is referred to as Constant Current (CC) mode. Once the battery voltage reaches 4.2V, the charger will operate in the constant voltage (CV) mode until the battery is fully charged. The charge current drops during CV mode, and the battery full indication is set when the charge current in the CV mode is reduced to the programmed full battery current (IBF). The MP2604 can start up with heavy load and is stable without a battery connected to the BATT pin. MP2604 Rev. 1.2 1/25/2010 www.MonolithicPower.com MPS Proprietary Information. Unauthorized Photocopy and Duplication Prohibited. © 2010 MPS. All Rights Reserved. 6 MP2604 – SINGLE CELL 1A LINEAR LI-ION BATTERY CHARGER W/O TRICKLE CHARGE IBATT Table 1—RPGM and ICHG Relationship CC Charging ICHG RCHG (kΩ) 1.65 1.82 2.05 2.32 2.74 3.3 4.12 5.6 8.45 15 CV Charging IBF Charging Complete 10% of ICHG VBATT 2.6V 4.2V Figure 2—MP2604 Typical Charging Profile VBATT IBATT Soft-Start Time VBATT 4.2V Charge Current vs 1/RPGM Resistance ICHG 90% of ICHG 10% of ICHG (IBF) CHG Charge Start CC Mode CV Mode Charge End Figure 3—MP2604 Typical Charging Procedure Battery Over-Voltage Protection and Automatic Recharge At any time when VBATT is 50mV higher than the trimmed charge target, the MP2604 reduces its charge current to 0µA. This ensures the safety of the battery. Also, the CV control loop always monitors the battery voltage such that it will automatically recharge the battery when it is depleted below the target level. Programming of Charge Current and Battery Full Current The charge current (ICHG) is set by a resistor (RCHG) connecting from the ISET pin to GND. The relationship of the charge current and the programming resistance is established by the following table and graph. MP2604 Rev. 1.2 1/25/2010 1000 CHARGE CURRENT (mA) IBATT ICHG (mA) 1000 900 800 700 600 500 400 300 200 100 900 800 700 600 500 400 300 200 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 Figure 4—Charge Current vs 1/RPGM Resistance The recommended resistance for programming the charge current is 2.3kΩ<RCHG<11kΩ. The battery full charge current threshold (IBF) is programmed by connecting a resistor RBF from the IBF pin to GND: IBF = 1A × 1.7kΩ R BF Where 2RCHG<RBF<10RCHG. The open-drain pin CHG is used to indicate charging status. When the battery full condition is reached or any other condition prevents the charger from charging, CHG will become a floating pin. www.MonolithicPower.com MPS Proprietary Information. Unauthorized Photocopy and Duplication Prohibited. © 2010 MPS. All Rights Reserved. 7 MP2604 – SINGLE CELL 1A LINEAR LI-ION BATTERY CHARGER W/O TRICKLE CHARGE Negative Thermal Coefficient (NTC) Thermistor The MP2604 has a built-in NTC resistance window comparator. If configured as the typical application circuit as indicated in Figure 1, the MP2604 will cease charging if RNTC<32.3kΩ or RNTC>376.6kΩ. This represents a valid charging temperature range of 0°C to 50°C for the TH11-4H104F NTC resistor including threshold vs. input voltage. Charge Status Indicator ( CHG ) The MP2604 has an integrated charge status pin that remains low while the battery is charging. Once the charge current has reduced to the battery full charge current threshold (IBF), the CHG pin will become high impedance. Under full charge conditions, certain systems may draw a very narrow current pulse that exceeds the IBF threshold. The CHG indicator may glitch. It is desirable to blank the CHG glitch so that the system can properly indicate full charge conditions to the end user. A simple solution is to add a RC filter on the CHG pin to filter out the possible CHG glitch, as shown in Figure 5. VIN GND CHG ACOK EN Thermal Protection The MP2604 has proprietary thermal protection to prevent the IC from overheating. When in thermal protection mode, the charge current becomes a saw-tooth waveform instead of a DC current. The average current of the sawtooth waveform will be lower than the programmed DC charge current to prevent the IC from overheating. The frequency and amplitude of the saw-tooth current waveform can be altered by changing the capacitance value connected to the SS pin. Operating in thermal protection mode will slow down the charging process. Lowering the input voltage and enhancing thermal dissipation to the environment can effectively prevent the IC from going into thermal protection mode. 1 2 3 4 5 IN CHG BATT ISET ACOK IBF EN SS NTC GND 10 9 8 7 6 NTC Figure 5—Filtered Charge Status with GPIO Connection MP2604 Rev. 1.2 1/25/2010 www.MonolithicPower.com MPS Proprietary Information. Unauthorized Photocopy and Duplication Prohibited. © 2010 MPS. All Rights Reserved. 8 MP2604 – SINGLE CELL 1A LINEAR LI-ION BATTERY CHARGER W/O TRICKLE CHARGE APPLICATION Flow Chart of Operation Power-On Reset (POR) feature can be applied to the MP2604 to ensure that the device starts operating in a known state. The flow chart in Figure 5 describes the conditions and operation modes of the MP2604. CVC and CCC stand for “constant voltage charge” and “constant current charge”, respectively. POR VUVLO<VIN<7V NO VIN LED Off YES VIN LED ON NO Enable? YES VBAT Detected? NO YES NO RCHG Set up Charging Set up? YES VCHG LED ON VBAT>4.15V Charge Mode? VBAT<4.15V C.V.C C.C.C Soft Start RBF Set up NO ICHG<IBF Battery Full? TJ>120 C ? YES Soft-Off TJ<110 C ? YES NO VCHG LED Off YES NO YES Short Circuit? NO Charge Off VBAT>4.2V? NO VBAT>4.15V? YES Figure 6—Flow Chart of Operation MP2604 Rev. 1.2 1/25/2010 www.MonolithicPower.com MPS Proprietary Information. Unauthorized Photocopy and Duplication Prohibited. © 2010 MPS. All Rights Reserved. 9 MP2604 – SINGLE CELL 1A LINEAR LI-ION BATTERY CHARGER W/O TRICKLE CHARGE PACKAGE INFORMATION QFN10 (3mm x 3mm) 2.90 3.10 0.30 0.50 PIN 1 ID MARKING 0.18 0.30 2.90 3.10 PIN 1 ID INDEX AREA 1.45 1.75 PIN 1 ID SEE DETAIL A 10 1 2.25 2.55 0.50 BSC 5 6 TOP VIEW BOTTOM VIEW PIN 1 ID OPTION A R0.20 TYP. PIN 1 ID OPTION B R0.20 TYP. 0.80 1.00 0.20 REF 0.00 0.05 SIDE VIEW DETAIL A NOTE: 2.90 0.70 1) ALL DIMENSIONS ARE IN MILLIMETERS. 2) EXPOSED PADDLE SIZE DOES NOT INCLUDE MOLD FLASH. 3) LEAD COPLANARITY SHALL BE 0.10 MILLIMETER MAX. 4) DRAWING CONFORMS TO JEDEC MO-229, VARIATION VEED-5. 5) DRAWING IS NOT TO SCALE. 1.70 0.25 2.50 0.50 RECOMMENDED LAND PATTERN NOTICE: The information in this document is subject to change without notice. Users should warrant and guarantee that third party Intellectual Property rights are not infringed upon when integrating MPS products into any application. MPS will not assume any legal responsibility for any said applications. MP2604 Rev. 1.2 1/25/2010 www.MonolithicPower.com MPS Proprietary Information. Unauthorized Photocopy and Duplication Prohibited. © 2010 MPS. All Rights Reserved. 10