A431x Semiconductor Programmable Voltage Reference Description The A431 series are 3-terminal precision shunt regulators that are programmable over a wide voltage range of 2.495V to 16V with ±0.5%, ±1.0% tolerance. The A431 series have a low dynamic impedance of 0.15Ω. These features make the A431 series an excellent replacement for zener diodes in numerous applications circuits that require a precision reference voltage. Features • Programmable output voltage from 2.495V to 16V • Voltage reference tolerance : ±0.5%, ±1.0% • Cathode current capability of 1mA to 100mA Ordering Information Type NO. Marking Package Code A431x A431□ TO-92 □ : Grade => A:±1% , B:±0.5% Outline Dimensions ( Unit : mm ) 4.40~4.80 4.40~4.80 Symbol 13.50~14.50 0.50 Max. Functional block diagram Cathode(K) Reference(R) + 1.27 Typ. 1.27 Typ. 2 V REF =2.495V 3 Anode(A) PIN Connections 1. Reference 2. Anode 3. Cathode 0.45 Max. 3.40~3.60 1 - KSD-I0A003-000 1 A431x Absolute maximum ratings [Ta=25℃] Characteristic Symbol Rating Unit VKA 18 V Cathode current IK 150 mA Reference input current Iref 10 mA Power Dissipation PD 625 mW Junction Temperature TJ 150 ℃ Operating temperature range Topr -40 ~ +85 ℃ Storage temperature range Tstg -55 ~ +150 ℃ Cathode to Anode voltage Recommended operating conditions Characteristic Rating Symbol Cathode to Anode voltage Cathode current Unit Min. Max. VKA Vref 16 V IK 1 100 mA Electrical Characteristics (Ta=25℃, unless otherwise noted.) Characteristic Reference voltage (Fig.1) Reference input voltage deviation over temperature (Fig.1, Note1,2) Ratio of delta reference input voltage to delta cathode voltage (Fig.2) Symbol Condition Vref VKA=Vref, IK=10mA ∆Vref VKA=Vref , IK=10mA @ 0˚C ≤ Ta ≤ 70˚C ∆Vref ∆VKA IK=10mA Vref ≤ VKA ≤ 16V Min. Typ. Max. A431B 2.482 A431A 2.470 △Vref=Vref(16V) -Vref △VKA=VKA(16V)-Vref 2.495 2.508 2.520 Unit V - 7 30 mV - -1.0 -2.7 mV/V Iref IK=10mA R1=10KΩ, R2=∞ - 1.8 4.0 µΑ Reference input current deviation over temperature (Fig.2, Note 1,2) ∆Iref IK=10mA R1=10KΩ, R2=∞ @ 0˚C ≤ Ta ≤ 70˚C - 0.4 2.5 µΑ Minimum cathode current for regulation IK(MIN) VKA=Vref - 0.35 1.0 mΑ Off-state cathode current (Fig.3) IK(off) VKA=16V, Vref=0V - 2.7 1000 nA Dynamic impedance (Fig.1, Note3) ZKA VKA=Vref, f ≤ 1.0KHz 1.0mA ≤ IK ≤ 100mA - 0.15 0.5 Ω Reference current (Fig.2) KSD-I0A003-000 2 A431x Fig. 2 Test circuit for VKA>Vref Fig. 1 Test circuit for VKA=Vref Input Input VKA IK VKA Fig. 3 Test circuit for IK(off) Input IK(off) IK R1 VKA Iref R2 Vref V KA = V ref × (1 + R1 ) + I ref × R 1 R2 Note. 1. Ambient temperature range: TLOW = 0℃, THigh = 70℃ 2. The deviation parameters △Vref and △Iref are defined as the difference between the maximum value and minimum value obtained over the full operating ambient temperature range that applied. ∆Vref = Vref Max – Vref Min ∆Ta = T2 – T1 Ambient Temperature The average temperature coefficient of the reference input voltage, αVref is defined as: ∆V ref × 10 6 ) ppm V ref (T a = 25℃) α V ref ( )= ℃ ∆T a ( αVref can be positive or negative depending on whether Vref Min or Vref Max occurs at the lower ambient temperature, refer to Fig. 8 Example : △Vref = 30mV and the slope is positive, △Vref @ 25℃ = 2.495V △Ta = 70℃ 0.03 ( ) × 10 6 ppm 2.495 αVref ( )= = 171ppm / ℃ ℃ 70 3. The dynamic impedance ZKA is defined as: Ζ KA = ∆VKA ∆I K When the device is operating with two external resistors, R1 and R2, (refer to Fig.2) the total dynamic impedance of the circuit is given by: Ζ KA ' = Ζ KA × (1 + KSD-I0A003-000 R1 ) R2 3 A431x Electrical Characteristics Curves (Continue) Fig.4 IK vs VKA (1) 150 Cathode current IK[mA] 4.0 VKA=Vref Ta=25˚C 125 100 Cathode current IK [mA] ㅊ Fig.5 IK vs VKA (2) 75 50 25 0 -25 -50 VKA=Vref, Ta=25˚C 3.0 2.0 1.0 0.0 -75 2.0 -1 0 2 1 1 2 Cathode Voltage VKA [V] Fig.6 IK(off) vs VKA Fig.7 ΔVref/ΔVKA vs Ta 1.5 1.0 I 0.5 0.0 4 12 8 16 20 3 0.0 -0.1 -0.2 -0.3 -0.4 -0.5 -15 Vref ≤ VKA ≤ 16V IK=10mA 0 15 30 45 60 Cathode Voltage VKA [V] Ambient Temperature Ta [˚C] Fig.8 Vref vs Ta Fig.9 PD vs Ta 2.545 75 1000 VKA=Vref , Iref=10mA Vref(max) 2.525 Power dissipation PD [mW] Reference input voltage Vref [V] 0 Cathode Voltage VKA [V] Vref=0V, Ta=25°C 0 -0.2 -1 3 cathode voltag ΔVref /ΔVKA [mV/V] Off-state cathode current IK(off) [µA] -2 Ratio of delta reference input voltage to delta -100 Vref(typ) 2.505 2.485 Vref(min) 2.465 2.445 -15 0 15 30 45 60 75 800 600 400 200 0 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 Ambient Temperature Ta [˚C] Ambient Temperature Ta [˚C] KSD-I0A003-000 4 A431x Electrical Characteristics Curves Fig.10 Pulse Response Input and output voltage – V 7 Ta=25˚C 6 220Ω Input 5 4 A 3 B Output f=10KHz Output 50Ω 2 GND 1 0 Fig.11 Test circuit for Fig. 10 -1 0 2 4 6 8 10 t – Time [μs ] Fig.12 Pulse Response (Magnify A of Fig.10) 7 Ta=25˚C 6 Input and output voltage – V Input and output voltage – V 7 Fig.13 Pulse Response (Magnify B of Fig.10) Input 5 4 Output 3 2 1 0 -1 Ta=25˚C 6 Input 5 4 Output 3 2 1 0 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 0 1 2 t – Time [μs ] 3 4 5 t – Time [μs ] Fig.14 Stability Boundary Conditions Output IK R1 ㎃ CL R2 GND 0 Unstable Regions VKA R1 [KΩ] R2 [KΩ] A Vref 0 ∞ B 10V 10 3.325 Fig.15 Test circuit for Fig. 14 ㎌ KSD-I0A003-000 5 A431x The AUK Corp. products are intended for the use as components in general electronic equipment (Office and communication equipment, measuring equipment, home appliance, etc.). Please make sure that you consult with us before you use these AUK Corp. products in equipments which require high quality and / or reliability, and in equipments which could have major impact to the welfare of human life(atomic energy control, airplane, spaceship, transportation, combustion control, all types of safety device, etc.). AUK Corp. cannot accept liability to any damage which may occur in case these AUK Corp. products were used in the mentioned equipments without prior consultation with AUK Corp.. Specifications mentioned in this publication are subject to change without notice. KSD-I0A003-000 6