Technical Reference Note APA18T12 DC - DC Series Preliminary APA18T12 - 12Vin, 75Watts, Non-isolated DC – DC POL SIP Converter The single output APA18T12 is a non-isolated, 75W, SIP footprint Point-of-Load (POL) DC/DC converter. The new APA18T12 series can deliver an adjustable output voltage range from 0.75V – 5.5V at 18 Amps (A) with efficiency as high as 93.5%, and the input voltage range is from 10 – 14V. Electrical Parameters Input Input range Input Surge Efficiency Special Features • • • • • • • • Point of Load (POL) applications High current slew rate at 1A/uS Industry standard footprint Open frame SIP -40°C to +85°C Ambient operating temperature Positive enable function Low output ripple and noise Adjustable output voltage through external resistor programming • Regulation to zero load Safety UL, cUL TUV 60950 Recognized EN60950 Licensed 10 to 14 VDC 15V 92%@3.3Vo (Typical) Output Line Regulation Load Regulation 0.75Vo 0.75 < Vo < 3.3V 3.3V ≤ Vo Regulation Over operating Temperature range < 0.5% 7mV 15mV 25mV < 1.0% Noise / Ripple 0.75 – 5Vo > 5Vo 60mV 75mV Enable TTL compatible Transient Response 200mV typical deviation For load change of 50% step Between 10% to 100% of load 200uS(max) recovery Remote Sense 0.25V Turn on input voltage 8.7 – 9.7V (Typ) OCP/OTP Hiccup – auto recovery Model: APA18T12 Series Date: June 2004 SH 1 OF 17 Technical Reference Note APA18T12 DC - DC Series Preliminary APA18T12 SERIES THIS TECHNICAL REFERENCE NOTES COVERS THE SPECIFICATIONS FOR A SINGLE OUTPUT, OPENFRAME, NON-ISOLATED DC-DC CONVERTER WITH ADJUSTABLE OUTPUT FROM 0.75V TO 5.5V HAVING 75W MAXIMUM OUTPUT POWER WHEN OPERATED FROM A NOMINAL 12 VDC SOURCE. MODEL NUMBER APA18T12-9 APA18T12-9H SIS CODE APA18T12-9 APA18T12-9H Vin range 10V – 14V 10V – 14V Vout/Iout 0.75 – 5.50V/ 18A* 0.75 – 5.50V/ 18A* MODEL ID NO C595 C596 *Options: Suffix Option -9 Vo Trim, Vertical Mounting Pin -9H Vo Trim, Horizontal Mounting Pin Note: * - 18A maximum output current with total power limited to 75W. Factory default output voltage set to 0.75V. Model: APA18T12 Series Date: June 2004 SH 2 OF 17 Technical Reference Note APA18T12 DC - DC Series Preliminary Electrical Specifications The product shall comply with the requirements of this specification for all valid conditions of line input voltage, load current, temperature and other environmental conditions, unless otherwise specified in this document. Description External Input Fuse1,2 External Input Capacitance External Output Capacitance +VIN Enable GND Trim +Vout Airflow3 TA (Ambient Temperature) Fast-acting 20A maximum 22uF/16V*3 Ceramic Cap. 10uF Tantalum Cap. +1uF Ceramic Cap. +10Vdc to 14Vdc Open Return for both VIN and VO Resistor Programming [See App A6] Output Pin connected to Load 200LFM/300LFM -40ºC to 85ºC NOTE: 1. Refer to Appendix A4 for typical application circuit. 2. The converter is not internally fused; Engineering needs to specify a fuse appropriate to the package size of the converter. 3. Refer to Appendix A1 for correct airflow and module orientation &Appendix B for the derating curves of different airflow. Model: APA18T12 Series Date: June 2004 SH 3 OF 17 Technical Reference Note APA18T12 DC - DC Series Preliminary ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS Stresses in excess of the absolute maximum ratings can cause permanent damage to the device. Functional operation of the device is not implied at these or any other conditions in excess of those given in the operational sections of this specification. Exposure to absolute maximum ratings for extended periods can adversely affect device reliability. The converter shall be designed, labeled and safety approved for maximum continuous rating as follows: Parameter Input Voltage Continuous Transient (100ms) Operating Temperature Storage Temperature Operating Humidity Max Voltage at Enable Pin Max Output Power Device Symbol Min Typ Max Unit All VIN VIN, trans Ta TSTG - -0.3 -40 -55 10 - - 15 18 85 125 85 14 75 Vdc Symbol VIN Min 10.0 Typ 12.0 Max 14.0 Unit Vdc 8.7 7.9 - - Vdc - 9.7 8.7 10.0 2.0 5.5 5.0 300 mAp-p All NA - - V/ms All NA - - Apk All All All All All ºC ºC % Vdc W INPUT SPECIFICATIONS Parameter Operating Input Voltage Range Input Under-Voltage Lock-out T_ON Threshold T_OFF Threshold Input Current (VIN = VIN, Min ; IO = IO, Max) Max Pdiss @ IO = 0A (VIN = VIN, Nom) Input Ripple Current1 5Hz to 20MHz Input Voltage Rise Time 10% to 90% of Vout Inrush Current dVIN/dt Device All All 5.50V 0.75V 5.50V 0.75V All IIN-MAX II1 A W NOTE: 1. External input capacitance required. See Input Ripple Current test measurement setup on Appendix A2. Model: APA18T12 Series Date: June 2004 SH 4 OF 17 Technical Reference Note APA18T12 DC - DC Series Preliminary OUTPUT SPECIFICATIONS Parameter Output Voltage Set point VIN = VIN, MIN to VIN,MAX; IO =IO,Max Output Regulation Line: VIN = VIN, min to VIN, max Load: IO = IO, min to IO, max Device Symb VO,SET Min 0.74 Typ 0.75 Max 0.76 Unit Vdc All 0.75V 0.75<Vo<3.3V 3.3V≤Vo All - - - 0.5 7.0 15.0 25.0 1.0 % mV mV mV % Ripple and Noise2 Peak-to-Peak: (5Hz to 20MHz) Output Current and output power3 0.75≤Vo<5.0V 5V≤Vo 0.75≤Vo<4.16V 4.16V≤Vo Io Po 0 0 45 55 - 60 75 18 75 mVp-p mVp-p A W External Load Capacitance Capacitor ESR Output Current-limit Inception VOUT = 90% VO,SET4,9,10 Over Temperature Range6 All - 1.5V≤Vo IO 10 18.5 - 5000 - µF mΩ A All - 100 110 125 °C 0.75V 1.20V 1.50V 1.80V 2.50V 3.30V 5.00V η η η η η η η 73.6 81.0 83.8 85.5 88.0 90.3 92.6 74.8 82.0 84.5 86.5 89.0 92.4 93.5 All All - 2.0 - - 6.0 20.0 ms ms All - - - 20.0 ms All All - 270 - 300 - 330 5 KHz %Vo Temp: TA = -40 ºC to +85ºC (AVG. PCB TEMP) Efficiency VIN = VIN-NOM IO = IO,MAX ; TA=25°C Turn-On Response Time5 VIN = VIN-MIN to VIN-MAX Enable to Output Turn-ON Delay VIN = VIN-MIN to VIN-MAX IO = IO,MIN to IO,MAX +VIN to Output Turn-On Delay Enable Pin: Active VIN = VIN-MIN to VIN-MAX IO = IO,MIN to IO,MAX Switching Frequency Output Overshoot at T-on / T-off Passive Resistive Full Load Model: APA18T12 Series Date: June 2004 SH 5 OF 17 % % % % % % % Technical Reference Note APA18T12 DC - DC Series Preliminary OUTPUT SPECIFICATIONS Parameter Dynamic Response6: CO =150uF*2 Polymer Cap. (Sanyo OS-CON 6SEP150) +10uF Tantalum Cap. +1uF Ceramic Cap. ∆IO/∆t=1.0A/µs Peak Deviation Load Change of 50% step anywhere between 10% to 100% of rated load Settling Time (to 0.5% VO, Nom ) Output Voltage Trim Range7 Remote Sense8 Output Enable ON/OFF Positive Enable Enable Pin Voltage: Mod-ON Mod-OFF Device Symbol All - All All All Min Typ Max Unit - - 200 mV - 0.75 - 200 5.50 0.25 µs V V - 2.5 -0.7 - 14 0.8 V V All NOTE: 2. Refer to Appendix A3 for the Output Ripple and Noise Test Measurement Setup. 3. Output Power Derating applies at elevated temperature. See Appendix B for the Derating Curves. 4. OCP and OTP are in shutdown mode. The converter will auto restart without the need to recycle the input voltage or toggle the enable signal and once the fault is removed. 5. Measure output rise time from 10%VO to 90%VO. See Appendix A5. 6. Load step response shall be measured at the load side of the output capacitors. See Appendix A4 for the output and input cap requirement. 7. See appropriate Trim Equation and configuration in Appendix A6. 8. The combination of remote sense and output trim adjust can not exceed 0.25V. 9. No OCP for Vo<1.5V. Module is protected by OTP when output is overload if Vo<1.5V. 10.Under 25°C. Model: APA18T12 Series Date: June 2004 SH 6 OF 17 Technical Reference Note APA18T12 DC - DC Series Preliminary APPENDIX A1: CONVERTER ORIENTATION WRT TO AIRFLOW Figure 1. Airflow Orientation and Thermal Test Setup Model: APA18T12 Series Date: June 2004 SH 7 OF 17 Technical Reference Note APA18T12 DC - DC Series Preliminary APPENDIX A2: INPUT REFLECTED RIPPLE TEST SETUP Note: Measure input reflected-ripple current with a simulated source inductance (Ltest) of 1uH. Capacitor Cs offsets possible battery impedance. Measure current as shown above. Figure 2. Input Reflected-ripple current Test Setup. Model: APA18T12 Series Date: June 2004 SH 8 OF 17 Technical Reference Note APA18T12 DC - DC Series Preliminary APPENDIX A3: OUTPUT RIPPLE TEST SETUP Note: Use a 1µF@10V X7R ceramic capacitor and a 10µF @ 25V tantalum capacitor. Scope measurement should be made using a BNC socket. Position the load between 51 mm and 76 mm (2 in. and 3 in.) from module. Figure 3. Peak-to-Peak Output Noise Measurement Test Setup. Model: APA18T12 Series Date: June 2004 SH 9 OF 17 Technical Reference Note APA18T12 DC - DC Series Preliminary APPENDIX A4: TYPICAL APPLICATION CIRCUIT Note: F1: Fuse: Use external fuse (Fast-acting type 20A) for each unit. Cin: Recommended 22uF/16V*3 ceramic capacitor. Co1: Recommended 10uF/25V Tantalum capacitor. Co2: Recommended 1uF/10V ceramic capacitor. Figure 4.Typical Application Circuit Note: When measuring dynamic deviation and settling time, 2*150uF Sanyo OS-Con 6SEP150 Polymer external output capacitors are needed. Figure 5. Dynamic deviation and settling time Model: APA18T12 Series Date: June 2004 SH 10 OF 17 Technical Reference Note APA18T12 DC - DC Series Preliminary APPENDIX A5: TIMING DIAGRAM Figure 6. Timing diagram Model: APA18T12 Series Date: June 2004 SH 11 OF 17 Technical Reference Note APA18T12 DC - DC Series Preliminary APPENDIX A6: OUTPUT TRIM REQUIREMENT Output voltage adjustment is accomplished by connecting an external resistor between the Trim Pin and Ground Pin terminals. Resistance and Output voltage relationship is established by Equation 1. If Trim pin is left open – default VO = 0.75V TRIM-UP EQUATION: Rtrim = 10500 − 1000 Vo − 0.75 Where Rtrim is the resistance value in ohms and VO is the output voltage desired. Vo SENSE APA18 Co1 Co2 LOAD TRIM Rtrim GND Figure 7. Trim UP test configuration (Pin Side Up) VO, set (V) 0.75 1.2 1.5 1.8 2.5 3.3 5.0 Rtrim (K.) Open 22.33 13.0 9.0 5.0 3.12 1.47 Model: APA18T12 Series Date: June 2004 SH 12 OF 17 Technical Reference Note APA18T12 DC - DC Series Preliminary 20 18 16 14 12 10 8 6 4 2 0 Output Current (A) Output Current (A) APPENDIX B: THERMAL DERATING: 0 LFM 100 LFM 200 LFM 300 LFM 25 35 45 55 65 75 Ambient Temp¡ æ 85 0 LFM 100 LFM 200 LFM 300 LFM 25 35 45 55 65 75 Ambient Temp ¡ æ 0 LFM 100 LFM 200 LFM 300 LFM 25 35 45 55 65 75 Ambient Temp ¡ æ 20 18 16 14 12 10 8 6 4 2 0 85 Figure 12: 2.5Vout@12Vin,Thermal Derating curve 45 55 65 75 Ambient Temp ¡ æ 35 45 55 65 75 Ambient Temp ¡ æ 85 Figure 11: 1.8Vout@12Vin,Thermal Derating curve 20 18 16 14 12 10 8 6 4 2 0 0 LFM a100 LFM 200 LFM 300 LFM 25 35 45 55 65 75 Ambient Temp ¡ æ 85 Figure 13: 3.3Vout@12Vin,Thermal Derating curve Model: APA18T12 Series Date: June 2004 85 0 LFM 100 LFM 200 LFM 300 LFM 25 Output Current (A) Output Current (A) 20 18 16 14 12 10 8 6 4 2 0 35 Figure 9: 1.2Vout@12Vin,Thermal Derating curve 85 Figure 10: 1.5Vout@12Vin,Thermal Derating curve 0 LFM 100 LFM 200 LFM 300 LFM 25 Output Current (A) Output Current (A) Figure 8: 0.75Vout@12Vin,Thermal Derating curve 20 18 16 14 12 10 8 6 4 2 0 20 18 16 14 12 10 8 6 4 2 0 SH 13 OF 17 18 16 16 14 14 Output Current (A) Output Current (A) Technical Reference Note APA18T12 DC - DC Series Preliminary 12 10 8 6 0 LFM 100 LFM 200 LFM 300 LFM 4 2 0 25 35 45 55 65 75 Ambient Temp ¡ æ 12 10 8 6 0 LFM 100 LFM 200 LFM 300 LFM 4 2 0 85 Figure 14: 5.0Vout@12Vin,Thermal Derating curve 25 35 45 55 65 75 Ambient Temp ¡ æ Figure 15: 5.5Vout@12Vin,Thermal Derating curve Model: APA18T12 Series Date: June 2004 85 SH 14 OF 17 Technical Reference Note APA18T12 DC - DC Series Preliminary APPENDIX C: MODULE PIN ASSIGNMENT PIN # +VIN Enable GND Sense DESIGNATION + Input Voltage ON/OFF Return for VIN and VO +Output Sense pin PIN # VO Trim DESIGNATION +Output VO Adjust Note: The pinout assignment of APA18T12-9 and APA18T12-9H are the same. Model: APA18T12 Series Date: June 2004 SH 15 OF 17 Technical Reference Note APA18T12 DC - DC Series Preliminary APPENDIX D: MECHANICAL OUTLINE/DRAWING Figure 16. APA18 Mechanical Outline/ Drawing for Vertical type Model: APA18T12 Series Date: June 2004 SH 16 OF 17 Technical Reference Note APA18T12 DC - DC Series Preliminary Figure 17. APA18 Mechanical Outline/ Drawing for Horizontal type Pin Number P1 P2 P3 P4 P5 P6 P7 P8 P9 P10 Pin Connection Vo Vo SENSE Vo GND GND Vin Vin TRIM ENABLE Function Output Voltage Output Voltage Sense Output Voltage Ground Ground Input Voltage Input Voltage Output Voltage Adjustment Output Voltage Enable Model: APA18T12 Series Date: June 2004 SH 17 OF 17