Microchip AY0438L 32-segment cmos lcd driver Datasheet

AY0438
32-Segment CMOS LCD Driver
• Drives up to 32 LCD segments of arbitrary configuration
• CMOS process for: wide supply voltage range,
low- power operation, high-noise immunity, wide
temperature range
• CMOS and TTL-compatible inputs
• Electrostatic discharge protection on all pins
• Cascadable
• On-chip oscillator
• Requires only three control lines
APPLICATIONS
•
•
•
•
Industrial displays
Consumer product displays
Telecom product displays
Automotive dashboard displays
PIN CONFIGURATION
40-Lead Dual In-line
VDD
LOAD
SEG 32
SEG 31
1
2
3
4
40
39
38
37
CLOCK
SEG 1
SEG 2
SEG 3
SEG 30
SEG 29
SEG 28
SEG 27
5
6
7
8
36
35
34
33
VSS
DATA OUT
DATA IN
SEG 4
SEG 26
SEG 25
9
10
32
31
SEG 5
LCDΦ
SEG 24
SEG 23
SEG 22
SEG 21
11
12
13
14
30
29
28
27
BP
SEG 6
SEG 7
SEG 8
SEG 20
SEG 19
SEG 18
SEG 17
15
16
17
18
26
25
24
23
SEG 9
SEG 10
SEG 11
SEG 12
SEG 16
SEG 15
19
20
22
21
SEG 13
SEG 14
AY0438
FEATURES
DESCRIPTION
SEG 29
SEG 28
SEG 27
SEG 26
SEG 25
SEG 24
SEG 23
SEG 22
SEG 21
SEG 20
SEG 19
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
AY0438
39
38
37
36
35
34
33
32
31
30
29
NC
DATA OUT
DATA IN
SEG 4
SEG 5
LCDΦ
BP
SEG 6
SEG 7
SEG 8
NC
SEG 18
SEG 17
SEG 16
SEG 15
SEG 14
SEG 13
SEG 12
SEG 11
SEG 10
SEG 9
NC
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
The AY0438 is available in 40-lead dual in-line plastic
and 44-lead PLCC packages. Unpackaged dice are
also available.
NC
SEG 30
SEG 31
SEG 32
LOAD
VDD
CLOCK
SEG 1
SEG 2
SEG 3
VSS
The AY0438 can drive any standard or custom parallel
drive LCD display, whether it be field effect or dynamic
scattering; 7-, 9-, 14- or 16-segment characters; decimals; leading + or -; or special symbols. Several
AY0438 devices can be cascaded. The AC frequency
of the LCD waveforms can either be supplied by the
user or generated by attaching a capacitor to the LCD
input, which controls the frequency of an internal oscillator.
44 PLCC
6
5
4
3
2
1
44
43
42
41
40
The AY0438 is a CMOS integrated device that drives a
liquid crystal display, usually under microprocessor
control. The part acts as a smart peripheral that drives
up to 32 LCD segments. It needs only three control
lines due to its serial input construction. It latches the
data to be displayed and relieves the microprocessor
from the task of generating the required waveforms.
 1995 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS70010I-page 1
AY0438
FIGURE 1: PIN DESCRIPTIONS
Pin # (PDIP Only)
Name
Direction
Description
1
VDD
-
Supply voltage
2
Load
Input
Latch data from registers
3-29, 32, 33, 37-39
Seg 1-32
Output
Direct drive outputs
30
BP
Output
Backplane drive output
31
LCDΦ
Input
Backplane drive input
34
Data In
Input
Data input to shift register
35
Data Out
Output
Data output from shift register
36
VSS
Ground
Ground
40
Clock
Input
System clock input
FIGURE 2: BLOCK DIAGRAM
Data in
Clock
Load
FIGURE 3: BACKPLANE AND SEGMENT
OUTPUT
32-bit Static Shift Register
Data out
SEG On
32 Latches
32 Segment Drivers
LCDΦ
Backplane
32 Outputs
Backplane
output
LCD AC
Generator
SEG Off
FIGURE 4: TIMING DIAGRAM
1/f
CLOCK
1
32
31
START
Data in
SEG 32
SEG 2
SEG 1
tDS
tDH
Data out
tPD
Load
tPW
1.0
OPERATION:
1.1
Data In and Clock
The shift register shifts and outputs on the falling edge
of the clock. Every clock falling edge does a logical left
shift. As an example, if 32 clock pulses are supplied as
in Figure 4, then the data input at the first clock will output at SEG 32, and the last data input (# 32) will output
at SEG 1 when a LOAD signal is enabled (Figure 2). It
is recommended that a complete 32 bit transfer be
done every time the outputs are updated. A logic 1 at
the Data In causes the corresponding segment to be
DS70010I-page 2
enabled or visible, i.e. the output at Segment Output is
180° out-of-phase with the Backplane output
(Figure 3).
1.2
Load
A logic 1 at the Load input (Figure 2) causes the parallel load of the data in the shift register into the latches
that control the segment drivers. If the Load signal is
tied high, then the latches become transparent and the
segment drivers are always connected to the shift registers.
 1995 Microchip Technology Inc.
AY0438
1.3
LCDφ
FIGURE 5: OSCILLATOR FREQUENCY
GRAPH (TYPICAL @ 25°C)
LCDφ can be driven by an external signal or by connecting a capacitor between LCDφ and ground (GND),
which will enable the on-chip oscillator required to generate the backplane output voltage. Figure 5 shows the
relationship between capacitance value and output frequency. Leaving the LCDφ input unconnected is not
recommended. When driven by an external clock, the
backplane output is in phase with the input clock. When
cascading two AY0438 devices (Figure 6 and
Figure 7), the backplane output can be generated
using a capacitor to GND on the first AY0438. This
backplane output can then be connected to the LCDφ
input of the second AY0438. The backplane output of
the second device is then used to drive the backplane
of the LCD module.
Backplane Frequency (Hz)
140
120
100
80
60
40
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
CL (pF)
FIGURE 6: CASCADING TWO AY0438 DEVICES
Data
in
Clock
Load
32-bit Static Shift Register
Data
out
Data
in Clock
Load
32 Latches
32 Latches
32 Segment Drivers
LCDΦ
32 Segment Drivers
1 to 32
Outputs
LCD AC
Generator
Backplane
output
Data
out
32-bit Static Shift Register
LCDΦ
33 to 64
Outputs
LCD AC
Generator
Backplane
output
Clock
Load
FIGURE 7: CASCADE TIMING DIAGRAM
1/f
CLOCK
1
64
63
START
Data in
SEG 64
SEG 2
SEG 1
tDS
tDH
Data out
tPD
Load
 1995 Microchip Technology Inc.
tPW
DS70010I-page 3
AY0438
1.4
General
1.5
In order to avoid any race conditions, the Data In and
Load signals should not be changed during a falling
edge of the Clock. Figure 4 and Figure 7 show a typical
timing diagram for a 32 segment and 64 segment LCD
module.
Interfacing to a LCD Module and
PIC16CXX Device
Figure 8 shows a typical layout of an AY0438 connected to a LCD module and interfaced to a PIC16CXX
family device. Example 1 lists code used to program
the PIC16CXX device. This code was complied using
MPASM.
FIGURE 8: INTERFACING TO A LCD MODULE AND PIC16CXX DEVICE
AY0438
SEG1
SEG7
SEG6
SEG5
PIC16CXX
RB0
Clock
RB1
Data In
RB2
Load
SEG4
SEG3
SEG2
SEG A
SEG F
SEG G
SEG E
SEG D
SEG C
SEG B
LCD
Backplane
A
F G B
C
E
D
7
7
SEG9-15
7
SEG19-23
SEG25-31
RB7
Backplane
LCDΦ
EXAMPLE 1:
EXAMPLE CODE
;*************************************************************************
;This program shows an interface between a PIC16CXX device
;and the AY0438 LCD controller to control a 7 Segment
;4 digit LCD module.
;The PIC16CXX interface to the AY0438 Hardware:
;
;
PORTB bit 0 --> CLK
;
PORTB bit 1 --> DATA IN
;
PORTB bit 2 --> LOAD
;
;The LCD module is connected to the AY0438 as follows:
;
Most Significant digit --> seg1 to seg7
;
3rd Significant digit
--> seg9 to seg15
;
2nd Significant digit
--> seg17 to seg 23
;
Least Significant digit --> seg25 to seg 31
;
DS70010I-page 4
 1995 Microchip Technology Inc.
AY0438
;The DP are not connected, but can be connected to seg8, 16, 24 & 32.
;For each digit, the segments are connected as:
;
Seg A --> seg(8*n + 1)
;
Seg B --> seg(8*n + 2)
;
Seg C --> seg(8*n + 3)
;
Seg D --> seg(8*n + 4)
;
Seg E --> seg(8*n + 5)
;
Seg F --> seg(8*n + 6)
;
Seg G --> seg(8*n + 7)
;where n = 0, 1, 2 and 3 for MSD, 3rdSD, 2ndSD and LSD respectively.
;The firmware uses the values in registers:
;
MSD, THRDSD, SCNDSD and LSD
to determine the values to be
;pulsed to the AY0438.
;In this example, a pushbutton connected to PORTB bit 7
;is checked periodically to see if it has been pressed. If so,
;the LCD values in locations MSD to LSD are updated.
;*************************************************************************
list p=16c71,f=inhx8m
;
;
MSD
equ
0x20
THRDSD equ
0x21
SCNDSD equ
0x22
LSD
equ
0x23
count
equ
0x24
temp
equ
0x25
PORTB
equ
0x06
#define CLK
PORTB,0
#define DATAIN PORTB,1
#define LOAD
PORTB,2
#define UPDATELCD PORTB,7
w
equ
0
STATUS equ
0x03
C
equ
0
RP0
equ
5
OPTION equ
0x81
RBPU
equ
7
PCL
equ
0x02
PCLATH equ
0x0A
;
;
org
0
goto
start
org
0x10
;
;This DecodeValue table must reside in page 0 for this program to work
;
DecodeValue
addwf
PCL
retlw
B'00111111'
;decode for 0
retlw
B'00000110'
;decode for 1
retlw
B'01011011'
;decode for 2
retlw
B'01001111'
;decode for 3
retlw
B'01100110'
;decode for 4
retlw
B'01101101'
;decode for 5
 1995 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS70010I-page 5
AY0438
retlw
retlw
retlw
retlw
B'01111101'
B'00000111'
B'01111111'
B'01101111'
;decode
;decode
;decode
;decode
for
for
for
for
6
7
8
9
clrf
bsf
movlw
movwf
bcf
bcf
PORTB
STATUS,RP0
B'11111000'
PORTB
OPTION,RBPU
STATUS,RP0
;set portb 0,1&2 as outputs
;
/
;
/
;enable pull-up for switch
;
;
start
wait
btfsc
UPDATELCD
;see if update switch is low
goto
wait
;no then wait
bcf
LOAD
;make sure load is disabled
movf
LSD,w
;get least significant value
clrf
PCLATH
;PCH = 0
call
DecodeValue
;decode the value
call
Send8
;serially output the seg values
movf
SCNDSD,w
;get 2nd significant digit
call
DecodeValue
;decode it
call
Send8
;serially output it
movf
THRDSD,w
;get 3rd significant digit
call
DecodeValue
;decode it
call
Send8
movf
MSD,w
;get Most significant value
call
DecodeValue
;decode it
call
Send8
;serially send it
bsf
LOAD
;toggle the LOAD line
bcf
LOAD
;to enable the latches
KeyReleased
btfss
UPDATELCD
;wait for key to be released
goto
KeyReleased
goto
wait
;repeat loop.
;
;Send8, sends the 8 bits in the W register
Send8
movwf
temp
;save in temp
movlw
.8
;init count
movwf
count
;to 8
sendloop
bcf
DATAIN
;make sure DATAIN is low
rrf
temp
;rotate value through carry
btfsc
STATUS,C
;if bit clear then skip
bsf
DATAIN
;else set data bit
bsf
CLK
;toggle clock
bcf
CLK
;
/
decfsz count
;see if 8 done
goto
sendloop
;no then do all
return
;else return
end
DS70010I-page 6
 1995 Microchip Technology Inc.
AY0438
2.0
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
Maximum Ratings*
VDD.............................................................................................................................................................. -0.3V to +12V
Inputs (CLK, Data In, Load) ................................................................................................................. VCC to VDD +0.3V
LCDΦ Input ........................................................................................................................................ -0.3V to VDD +0.3V
Power Dissipation.................................................................................................................................................250 mW
Storage Temperature............................................................................................................................... -65˚C to +125˚C
Operating Temperature Industrial.............................................................................................................. -40˚C to +85˚C
* Exceeding these ratings could cause permanent damage to the device. This is a stress rating only and functional
operation of this device at these conditions is not implied. Operating ranges are specified in Standard Conditions.
Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.
Data labeled “typical” is presented for design guidance only and is not guaranteed.
TABLE 2: DC CHARACTERISTICS
VDD = +5V unless otherwise noted, TA = 40°C to +85°C
Characteristics
Sym
Min
Typ
Max
Units
Conditions
Supply Voltage
VDD
+3.0
—
+8.5
V
Supply Current
IDD
—
25
60
µA
LCDΦ OSC < 15 kHz
—
13
30
µA
LCDΦ OSC < 100 Hz
V
VIH
0.5 VDD
—
VDD
Clock
VIL1
0
—
0.1 VDD
V
3.0V ≤ VDD ≤ 8.5V
Data,
VIL2
0
—
0.1 VDD
V
3.0V ≤ VDD ≤ 8.5V
Load
IL
—
0.01
±10
µA
VIN = 0V and +5.0V
CI
—
—
5.0
pF
VDD = +5.0V
VOH
0.8 VDD
—
VDD
V
IOH = -100 µA
VOL
0
—
0.1 VDD
V
IOL = 100 µA
VIN
0.9 VDD
—
VDD
V
LCDΦ Input Low Level
VIL
0
—
0.1 VDD
V
LCDΦ Input Leakage
IL
—
—
10
µA
Input High Level
Input Low Level
Input Leakage Current
Input Capacitance
Segment Output Voltage
LCDΦ Input High Level
VIN = 0V and +5.0V
VDD = +5.0V
TABLE 3: AC CHARACTERISTICS
Characteristics
Sym
Min
Typ
Max
Units
Conditions
f
DC
—
1.5
MHz
50% duty cycle
Data Set-up Time
tDS
150
—
—
nsec
Data Hold Time
tDH
50
—
—
nsec
Load Pulse Width
tPW
175
—
—
nsec
Data Out Prop. Delay
tPD
—
—
500
nsec
Clock Rate
 1995 Microchip Technology Inc.
Data change to Clk falling edge
CL = 55 pF
DS70010I-page 7
AY0438
NOTES:
DS70010I-page 8
 1995 Microchip Technology Inc.
AY0438
AY0438 Product Identification System
To order or to obtain information, e.g., on pricing or delivery, please use the listed part numbers, and refer to the factory or the listed
sales offices.
PART NO.
X /XX
Package:
P
L
S
=
=
=
Plastic DIP
PLCC
Die in Waffle Pack
Temperature
Range:
I
=
=
0˚C to +70˚C
40˚C to +85˚C
Device:
32 Segment LCD Driver
Sales and Support
Products supported by a preliminary Data Sheet may possibly have an errata sheet describing minor operational differences and
recommended workarounds. To determine if an errata sheet exists for a particular device, please contact one of the following:
1.
Your local Microchip sales office.
2.
The Microchip Corporate Literature Center U.S. FAX: (602) 786-7277
3.
The Microchip’s Bulletin Board, via your local CompuServe number (CompuServe membership NOT required).
Please specify which device, revision of silicon and Data Sheet (include Literature #) you are using.
For latest version information and upgrade kits for Microchip Development Tools, please call 1-800-755-2345 or 1-602-786-7302.
DS70010I-page 9
 1995 Microchip Technology Inc.
Note the following details of the code protection feature on PICmicro® MCUs.
•
•
•
•
•
•
The PICmicro family meets the specifications contained in the Microchip Data Sheet.
Microchip believes that its family of PICmicro microcontrollers is one of the most secure products of its kind on the market today,
when used in the intended manner and under normal conditions.
There are dishonest and possibly illegal methods used to breach the code protection feature. All of these methods, to our knowledge, require using the PICmicro microcontroller in a manner outside the operating specifications contained in the data sheet.
The person doing so may be engaged in theft of intellectual property.
Microchip is willing to work with the customer who is concerned about the integrity of their code.
Neither Microchip nor any other semiconductor manufacturer can guarantee the security of their code. Code protection does not
mean that we are guaranteeing the product as “unbreakable”.
Code protection is constantly evolving. We at Microchip are committed to continuously improving the code protection features of
our product.
If you have any further questions about this matter, please contact the local sales office nearest to you.
Information contained in this publication regarding device
applications and the like is intended through suggestion only
and may be superseded by updates. It is your responsibility to
ensure that your application meets with your specifications.
No representation or warranty is given and no liability is
assumed by Microchip Technology Incorporated with respect
to the accuracy or use of such information, or infringement of
patents or other intellectual property rights arising from such
use or otherwise. Use of Microchip’s products as critical components in life support systems is not authorized except with
express written approval by Microchip. No licenses are conveyed, implicitly or otherwise, under any intellectual property
rights.
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The Microchip name and logo, the Microchip logo, FilterLab,
KEELOQ, microID, MPLAB, PIC, PICmicro, PICMASTER,
PICSTART, PRO MATE, SEEVAL and The Embedded Control
Solutions Company are registered trademarks of Microchip Technology Incorporated in the U.S.A. and other countries.
dsPIC, ECONOMONITOR, FanSense, FlexROM, fuzzyLAB,
In-Circuit Serial Programming, ICSP, ICEPIC, microPort,
Migratable Memory, MPASM, MPLIB, MPLINK, MPSIM,
MXDEV, PICC, PICDEM, PICDEM.net, rfPIC, Select Mode
and Total Endurance are trademarks of Microchip Technology
Incorporated in the U.S.A.
Serialized Quick Turn Programming (SQTP) is a service mark
of Microchip Technology Incorporated in the U.S.A.
All other trademarks mentioned herein are property of their
respective companies.
© 2002, Microchip Technology Incorporated, Printed in the
U.S.A., All Rights Reserved.
Printed on recycled paper.
Microchip received QS-9000 quality system
certification for its worldwide headquarters,
design and wafer fabrication facilities in
Chandler and Tempe, Arizona in July 1999. The
Company’s quality system processes and
procedures are QS-9000 compliant for its
PICmicro® 8-bit MCUs, KEELOQ® code hopping
devices, Serial EEPROMs and microperipheral
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development systems is ISO 9001 certified.
 2002 Microchip Technology Inc.
M
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Tel: 39-039-65791-1 Fax: 39-039-6899883
United Kingdom
Arizona Microchip Technology Ltd.
505 Eskdale Road
Winnersh Triangle
Wokingham
Berkshire, England RG41 5TU
Tel: 44 118 921 5869 Fax: 44-118 921-5820
03/01/02
 2002 Microchip Technology Inc.
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