DS80C320/DS80C323 High-Speed/Low-Power Microcontrollers www.maxim-ic.com FEATURES § PIN CONFIGURATIONS 80C32-Compatible TOP VIEW 8051 Pin and Instruction Set Compatible Four 8-Bit I/O Ports Three 16-Bit Timer/Counters 256 Bytes Scratchpad RAM Addresses 64kB ROM and 64kB RAM § High-Speed Architecture 4 Clocks/Machine Cycle (8032 = 12) DC to 33MHz (DS80C320) DC to 18MHz (DS80C323) Single-Cycle Instruction in 121ns Uses Less Power for Equivalent Work Dual Data Pointer Optional Variable Length MOVX to Access Fast/Slow RAM/Peripherals § High-Integration Controller Includes: Power-Fail Reset Programmable Watchdog Timer Early Warning Power-Fail Interrupt § Two Full-Duplex Hardware Serial Ports § 13 Total Interrupt Sources with Six External § Available in 40-Pin DIP, 44-Pin PLCC, and 44-Pin TQFP The High-Speed Microcontroller User’s Guide must be used in conjunction with this data sheet. Download it at: www.maxim-ic.com/microcontrollers. Data sheets contain pin descriptions, feature overviews, and electrical specifications, whereas the user’s guide contains detailed information about device features and operation. Note: Some revisions of this device may incorporate deviations from published specifications known as errata. Multiple revisions of any device may be simultaneously available through various sales channels. For information about device errata, click here: www.maxim-ic.com/errata. 1 of 40 REV: 051804 DS80C320/DS80C323 High-Speed/Low-Power Microcontrollers DETAILED DESCRIPTION The DS80C320/DS80C323 are fast 80C31/80C32-compatible microcontrollers. Wasted clock and memory cycles have been removed using a redesigned processor core. As a result, every 8051 instruction is executed between 1.5 and 3 times faster than the original for the same crystal speed. Typical applications see a speed improvement of 2.5 times using the same code and same crystal. The DS80C320 offers a maximum crystal rate of 33MHz, resulting in apparent execution speeds of 82.5MHz (approximately 2.5X). The DS80C320/DS80C323 are pin compatible with all three packages of the standard 80C32 and offer the same timer/counters, serial port, and I/O ports. In short, the devices are extremely familiar to 8051 users, but provide the speed of a 16-bit processor. The DS80C320 provides several extras in addition to greater speed. These include a second full hardware serial port, seven additional interrupts, programmable watchdog timer, power-fail interrupt and reset. The device also provides dual data pointers (DPTRs) to speed block data memory moves. It can also adjust the speed of off-chip data memory access to between two and nine machine cycles for flexibility in selecting memory and peripherals. The DS80C320 operating voltage ranges from 4.25V to 5.5V, making it ideal as a high-performance upgrade to existing 5V systems. For applications in which power consumption is critical, the DS80C323 offers the same feature set as the DS80C320, but with 2.7V to 5.5V operation. Designers must have two documents to fully use all the features of this device: this data sheet and the High-Speed Microcontroller User’s Guide, available on our website at www.maxim-ic.com/microcontrollers. Data sheets contain pin descriptions, feature overviews, and electrical specifications, whereas our user’s guides contain detailed information about device features and operation. ORDERING INFORMATION PART TEMP RANGE DS80C320-MCG DS80C320-QCG DS80C320-ECG DS80C320-MNG DS80C320-QNG DS80C320-ENG DS80C320-MCL DS80C320-QCL DS80C320-ECL DS80C320-MNL DS80C320-QNL DS80C320-ENL DS80C323-MCD DS80C323-QCD DS80C323-ECD DS80C323-MND DS80C323-QND DS80C323-END 0°C to +70°C 0°C to +70°C 0°C to +70°C -40°C to +85°C -40°C to +85°C -40°C to +85°C 0°C to +70°C 0°C to +70°C 0°C to +70°C -40°C to +85°C -40°C to +85°C -40°C to +85°C 0°C to +70°C 0°C to +70°C 0°C to +70°C -40°C to +85°C -40°C to +85°C -40°C to +85°C MAX CLOCK SPEED (MHz) 25 25 25 25 25 25 33 33 33 33 33 33 18 18 18 18 18 18 2 of 40 PIN-PACKAGE 40 Plastic DIP 44 PLCC 44 TQFP 40 Plastic DIP 44 PLCC 44 TQFP 40 Plastic DIP 44 PLCC 44 TQFP 40 Plastic DIP 44 PLCC 44 TQFP 40 Plastic DIP 44 PLCC 44 TQFP 40 Plastic DIP 44 PLCC 44 TQFP DS80C320/DS80C323 High-Speed/Low-Power Microcontrollers Figure 1. Block Diagram DS80C320/ DS80C323 PIN DESCRIPTION PIN NAME FUNCTION DIP PLCC TQFP 40 44 38 VCC +5V (+3V for DS80C323) 20 22, 23 16, 17 GND Digital Circuit Ground Reset Input. The RST input pin contains a Schmitt voltage input to recognize external active-high reset inputs. The pin also employs an internal pulldown resistor to allow for a combination of wired OR external reset sources. An RC is not required for power-up, as the device provides this function internally. 9 10 4 RST 18 20 14 XTAL2 19 21 15 XTAL1 29 32 26 PSEN Crystal Oscillator Pins. XTAL1 and XTAL2 provide support for parallel-resonant, AT-cut crystals. XTAL1 acts also as an input in the event that an external clock source is used in place of a crystal. XTAL2 serves as the output of the crystal amplifier. Program Store-Enable Output, Active Low. This signal is commonly connected to external ROM memory as a chip enable. PSEN provides an active-low pulse width of 2.25 XTAL1 cycles with a period of four XTAL1 cycles. PSEN is driven high when data memory (RAM) is being accessed through the bus and during a reset condition. 3 of 40 DS80C320/DS80C323 High-Speed/Low-Power Microcontrollers PIN DESCRIPTION (continued) PIN DIP PLCC TQFP NAME FUNCTION 30 33 27 ALE Address Latch-Enable Output. This pin functions as a clock to latch the external address LSB from the multiplexed address/data bus. This signal is commonly connected to the latch enable of an external 373 family transparent latch. ALE has a pulse width of 1.5 XTAL1 cycles and a period of four XTAL1 cycles. ALE is forced high when the device is in a reset condition. 39 38 37 36 35 34 33 32 43 42 41 40 39 38 37 36 37 36 35 34 33 32 31 30 AD0 AD1 AD2 AD3 AD4 AD5 AD6 AD7 Port 0, Input/Output. Port 0 is the multiplexed address/data bus. During the time when ALE is high, the LSB of a memory address is presented. When ALE falls, the port transitions to a bi-directional data bus. This bus is used to read external ROM and read/write external RAM memory or peripherals. The Port 0 has no true port latch and cannot be written directly by software. The reset condition of Port 0 is high. No pullup resistors are needed. Port 1, I/O. Port 1 functions as both an 8-bit, bidirectional I/O port and an alternate functional interface for Timer 2 I/O, new External Interrupts, and new Serial Port 1. The reset condition of Port 1 is with all bits at logic 1. In this state, a weak pullup holds the port high. This condition also serves as an input mode, since any external circuit that writes to the port will overcome the weak pullup. When software writes a 0 to any port pin, the device will activate a strong pulldown that remains on until either a 1 is written or a reset occurs. Writing a 1 after the port has been at 0 will cause a strong transition driver to turn on, followed by a weaker sustaining pullup. Once the momentary strong driver turns off, the port once again becomes the output high (and input) state. The alternate modes of Port 1 are outlined as follows: 1–8 2–9 40–44, 1–3 PIN P1.0–P1.7 PORT ALTERNATE 40 P1.0 T2 3 41 P1.1 T2EX 3 4 42 P1.2 RXD1 Serial Port 1 Input 4 5 43 P1.3 TXD1 Serial Port 1 Output 5 6 44 P1.4 INT2 6 7 1 P1.5 INT3 7 8 2 P1.6 INT4 8 9 3 P1.7 INT5 DIP PLCC TQFP 1 2 2 4 of 40 FUNCTION External I/O for Timer/Counter 2 Timer/Counter 2 Capture/Reload Trigger External Interrupt 2 (Positive-Edge Detect) External Interrupt 3 (Negative-Edge Detect) External Interrupt 4 (Positive-Edge Detect) External Interrupt 5 (Negative-Edge Detect) DS80C320/DS80C323 High-Speed/Low-Power Microcontrollers PIN DESCRIPTION (continued) DIP 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 PIN PLCC 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 TQFP 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 NAME FUNCTION A8 (P2.0) A9 (P2.1) A10 (P2.2) A11 (P2.3) A12 (P2.4) A13 (P2.5) A14 (P2.6) 28 31 25 A15 (P2.7) Port 2, Output. Port 2 serves as the MSB for external addressing. P2.7 is A15 and P2.0 is A8. The device will automatically place the MSB of an address on P2 for external ROM and RAM access. Although Port 2 can be accessed like an ordinary I/O port, the value stored on the Port 2 latch will never be seen on the pins (due to memory access). Therefore, writing to Port 2 in software is only useful for the instructions MOVX A, @Ri or MOVX @Ri, A. These instructions use the Port 2 internal latch to supply the external address MSB. In this case, the Port 2 latch value will be supplied as the address information. Port 3, Input/Output. Port 3 functions as both an 8-bit, bidirectional I/O port and an alternate functional interface for External Interrupts, Serial Port 0, Timer 0 & 1 Inputs, RD and WR strobes. The reset condition of Port 3 is with all bits at logic 1. In this state, a weak pullup holds the port high. This condition also serves as an input mode, since any external circuit that writes to the port will overcome the weak pullup. When software writes a 0 to any port pin, the device will activate a strong pulldown that remains on until either a 1 is written or a reset occurs. Writing a 1 after the port has been at 0 will cause a strong transition driver to turn on, followed by a weaker sustaining pullup. Once the momentary strong driver turns off, the port once again becomes both the output high and input state. The alternate modes of Port 3 are outlined below: 10–17 11, 13– 19 PIN 5, 7–13 31 35 29 — 12, 34, 1* 6, 28, 39* P3.0–P3.7 EA N.C. PORT ALTERNATE 5 P3.0 RXD0 Serial Port 0 Input 13 7 P3.1 TXD0 Serial Port 0 Output 12 14 8 P3.2 INT0 External Interrupt 0 13 15 9 P3.3 INT1 External Interrupt 1 14 16 10 P3.4 T0 Timer 0 External Input 15 17 11 P3.5 T1 Timer 1 External Input 16 18 12 P3.6 WR 17 19 13 P3.7 RD DIP PLCC TQFP 10 11 11 MODE External Data Memory Write Strobe External Data Memory Read Strobe External Access, Active-Low Input. This pin must be connected to ground for proper operation. No Connection (Reserved). These pins should not be connected. They are reserved for use with future devices in this family. *These pins are reserved for additional ground pins on future products. 5 of 40 DS80C320/DS80C323 High-Speed/Low-Power Microcontrollers 80C32 COMPATIBILITY The DS80C320/DS80C323 are CMOS 80C32-compatible microcontrollers designed for high performance. In most cases, the devices will drop into an existing 80C32 design to significantly improve the operation. Every effort has been made to keep the devices familiar to 8032 users, yet they have many new features. In general, software written for existing 80C32-based systems will work on the DS80C320 and DS80C323. The exception is critical timing, because the high-speed microcontroller performs its instructions much faster than the original. It may be necessary to use memories with faster access times if the same crystal frequency is used. Application Note 57: DS80C320 Memory Interface Timing is a useful tool to help the embedded system designer select the proper memories for her or his application. The DS80C320/DS80C323 run the standard 8051 instruction set and is pin compatible with an 80C32 in any of three standard packages. They also provide the same timer/counter resources, full-duplex serial port, 256 bytes of scratchpad RAM, and I/O ports as the standard 80C32. Timers will default to a 12 clock-per-cycle operation to keep timing compatible with original 8051 systems. However, they can be programmed to run at the new 4 clocks per cycle if desired. New hardware features are accessed using special-function registers that do not overlap with standard 80C32 locations. A summary of these SFRs is provided below. The DS80C320/DS80C323 address memory in an identical fashion to the standard 80C32. Electrical timing appears different due to the high-speed nature of the product. However, the signals are essentially the same. Detailed timing diagrams are provided in the Electrical Specifications section. This data sheet assumes the user is familiar with the basic features of the standard 80C32. In addition to these standard features, the DS80C320/DS80C323 include many new functions. This data sheet provides only a summary and overview. Detailed descriptions are available in the High-Speed Microcontroller User’s Guide. 6 of 40 DS80C320/DS80C323 High-Speed/Low-Power Microcontrollers Figure 2. Comparative Timing of the DS80C320/DS80C323 and 80C32 DS80C320/DS80C323 TIMING STANDARD 80C32 TIMING HIGH-SPEED OPERATION The DS80C320/DS80C323 are built around a high-speed, 80C32-compatible core. Higher speed comes not just from increasing the clock frequency but also from a newer, more efficient design. In this updated core, dummy memory cycles have been eliminated. In a conventional 80C32, machine cycles are generated by dividing the clock frequency by 12. In the DS80C320/DS80C323, the same machine cycle is performed in 4 clocks. Thus the fastest instruction, one machine cycle, is executed three times faster for the same crystal frequency. Note that these are identical instructions. Figure 2 shows a comparison of the timing differences. The majority of instructions will see the full 3-to-1 speed improvement. Some instructions will get between 1.5X and 2.4X improvement. Note that all instructions are faster than the original 80C51. Table 1 shows a summary of the instruction set, including the speed. The numerical average of all op codes is approximately a 2.5-to-1 speed improvement. Individual programs are affected differently, depending on the actual instructions used. Speed-sensitive applications would make the most use of instructions that are three times faster. However, the sheer number of 3-to-1 improved op codes makes dramatic speed improvements likely for any code. The Dual Data Pointer feature also allows the user to eliminate wasted instructions when moving blocks of memory. 7 of 40 DS80C320/DS80C323 High-Speed/Low-Power Microcontrollers INSTRUCTION SET SUMMARY All instructions in the DS80C320/DS80C323 perform the same functions as their 80C32 counterparts. Their effect on bits, flags, and other status functions is identical. However, the timing of each instruction is different. This applies both in absolute and relative number of clocks. For absolute timing of real-time events, the timing of software loops will need to be calculated using the Table 1. However, counter/timers default to run at the older 12 clocks per increment. Therefore, while software runs at higher speed, timer-based events need no modification to operate as before. Timers can be set to run at 4 clocks per increment cycle to take advantage of higher speed operation. The relative time of two instructions might be different in the new architecture than it was previously. For example, in the original architecture, the “MOVX A, @DPTR” instruction and the “MOV direct, direct” instruction used two machine cycles or 24 oscillator cycles. Therefore, they required the same amount of time. In the DS80C320/DS80C323, the MOVX instruction can be done in two machine cycles or eight oscillator cycles, but the “MOV direct, direct” uses three machine cycles or 12 oscillator cycles. While both are faster than their original counterparts, they now have different execution times from each other. This is because in most cases, the DS80C320/DS80C323 use one cycle for each byte. The user concerned with precise program timing should examine the timing of each instruction for familiarity with the changes. Note that a machine cycle now requires just four clocks, and provides one ALE pulse per cycle. Many instructions require only one cycle, but some require five. In the original architecture, all were one or two cycles except for MUL and DIV. 8 of 40 DS80C320/DS80C323 High-Speed/Low-Power Microcontrollers Table 1. Instruction Set Summary SYMBOL A FUNCTION Accumulator SYMBOL bit FUNCTION direct bit-address Rn Register R7 to R0 #data 8-bit constant direct Internal Register Address @Ri Internal Register pointed to by R0 or R1 (except MOVX) #data 16 addr 16 addr 11 16-bit constant 16-bit destination address 11-bit destination address rel Two’s Complement Offset Byte INSTRUCTION BYTE ARITHMATIC INSTRUCTIONS ADD A, Rn 1 ADD A, direct 2 ADD A, @Ri 1 ADD A, #data 2 ADDC A, Rn 1 ADDC A, direct 2 ADDC A, @Ri 1 ADDC A, #data 2 SUBB A, Rn 1 SUBB A, direct 2 SUBB A, @Ri 1 SUBB A, #data 2 LOGICAL INSTRUCTIONS ANL A, Rn 1 ANL A, direct 2 ANL A, @Ri 1 ANL A, #data 2 ANL direct, A 2 ANL direct, #data 3 ORL A, Rn 1 ORL A, direct 2 ORL A, @Ri 1 ORL A, #data 2 ORL direct, A 2 ORL direct, #data 3 OSCILLATOR CYCLES INSTRUCTION BYTE OSCILLATOR CYCLES 4 8 4 8 4 8 4 8 4 8 4 8 INC A INC Rn INC direct INC @Ri INC DPTR DEC A DEC Rn DEC direct DEC @Ri MUL AB DIV AB DA A 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 4 4 8 4 12 4 4 8 4 20 20 4 4 8 4 8 8 12 4 8 4 8 8 12 XRL A, Rn XRL A, direct XRL A, @Ri XRL A, #data XRL direct, A XRL direct, #data CLR A CPL A RL A RLC A RR A RRC A 1 2 1 2 2 3 1 1 1 1 1 1 4 8 4 8 8 12 4 4 4 4 4 4 9 of 40 DS80C320/DS80C323 High-Speed/Low-Power Microcontrollers Table 1. Instruction Set Summary (continued) INSTRUCTION BYTE OSCILLATOR CYCLES INSTRUCTION BYTE OSCILLATOR CYCLES DATA TRANSFER INSTRUCTIONS MOV A, Rn 1 4 MOV A, direct MOV A, @Ri MOV A, #data MOV Rn, A MOV Rn, direct MOV Rn, #data MOV direct, A MOV direct, Rn MOV direct1, direct2 MOV direct, @Ri MOV direct, #data MOV @Ri, A MOV @Ri, direct MOV @Ri, #data MOV DPTR, #data 16 2 1 2 1 2 2 2 2 3 2 3 1 2 2 3 8 4 8 4 8 8 8 8 12 8 12 4 8 8 12 BIT MANIPULATION INSTRUCTIONS CLR C 1 4 CLR bit 2 8 SETB C 1 4 SETB bit 2 8 CPL C 1 4 CPL bit 2 8 MOVC A, @A+DPTR MOVC A, @A+PC MOVX A, @Ri MOVX A, @DPTR MOVX @Ri, A MOVX @DPTR, A PUSH direct POP direct XCH A, Rn XCH A, direct XCH A, @Ri XCHD A, @Ri 1 12 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 1 2 1 1 12 8–36* 8–36* 8–36* 8–36* 8 8 4 8 4 4 ANL C, bit ANL C, bit ORL C, bit ORL C, bit MOV C, bit MOV bit, C 2 2 2 2 2 2 8 8 8 8 8 8 CJNE A, direct, rel CJNE A, #data, rel CJNE Rn, #data, rel CJNE Ri, #data, rel NOP JC rel JNC rel JB bit, rel JNB bit, rel JBC bit, rel 3 3 3 3 1 2 2 3 3 3 16 16 16 16 4 12 12 16 16 16 PROGRAM BRANCHING INSTRUCTIONS ACALL addr 11 LCALL addr 16 RET RETI AJMP addr 11 LJMP addr 16 SJMP rel JMP @A+DPTR JZ rel JNZ rel DJNZ Rn, rel DJNZ direct, rel 2 3 1 1 2 3 2 1 2 2 2 3 12 16 16 16 12 16 12 12 12 12 12 16 *User selectable. 10 of 40 DS80C320/DS80C323 High-Speed/Low-Power Microcontrollers Table 1 shows the speed for each class of instruction. Note that many of the instructions have multiple op codes. There are 255 op codes for 111 instructions. Of the 255 op codes, 159 are three times faster than the original 80C32. While a system that emphasizes those instructions will see the most improvement, the large total number that receive a 3 to 1 improvement assure a dramatic speed increase for any system. The speed improvement summary is provided below. SPEED ADVANTAGE SUMMARY #OP CODES 159 51 43 2 255 SPEED IMPROVEMENT 3.0 x 1.5 x 2.0 x 2.4 x Average: 2.5 MEMORY ACCESS The DS80C320/DS80C323 do not contain on-chip ROM and 256 bytes of scratchpad RAM. Off-chip memory is accessed using the multiplexed address/data bus on P0 and the MSB address on P2. Figure 3 shows a typical memory connection. Timing diagrams are provided in the Electrical Specifications section. Program memory (ROM) is accessed at a fixed rate determined by the crystal frequency and the actual instructions. As previously mentioned, an instruction cycle requires 4 clocks. Data memory (RAM) is accessed according to a variable-speed MOVX instruction as described below. Figure 3. Typical Memory Connection 11 of 40 DS80C320/DS80C323 High-Speed/Low-Power Microcontrollers STRETCH MEMORY CYCLE The DS80C320/DS80C323 allow the application software to adjust the speed of data memory access. The microcontroller is capable of performing the MOVX in as little as two instruction cycles. However, this value can be stretched as needed so that both fast memory and slow memory or peripherals can be accessed with no glue logic. Even in high-speed systems, it may not be necessary or desirable to perform data memory access at full speed. In addition, there are a variety of memory-mapped peripherals such as LCD displays or UARTs that are not fast. The Stretch MOVX is controlled by the Clock Control Register at SFR location 8Eh as described below. This allows the user to select a stretch value between 0 and 7. A Stretch of 0 will result in a two-machine cycle MOVX. A Stretch of 7 will result in a MOVX of nine machine cycles. Software can dynamically change this value depending on the particular memory or peripheral. On reset, the Stretch value will default to 1, resulting in a three-cycle MOVX. Therefore, RAM access will not be performed at full speed. This is a convenience to existing designs that may not have fast RAM in place. When maximum speed is desired, the software should select a Stretch value of 0. When using very slow RAM or peripherals, a larger stretch value can be selected. Note that this affects data memory only and the only way to slow program memory (ROM) access is to use a slower crystal. Using a Stretch value between 1 and 7 causes the microcontroller to stretch the read/write strobe and all related timing. This results in a wider read/write strobe allowing more time for memory/peripherals to respond. The timing of the variable speed MOVX is shown in the Electrical Specifications section. Note that full speed access is not the reset default case. Table 2 shows the resulting strobe widths for each Stretch value. The memory stretch is implemented using the Clock Control special-function register at SFR location 8Eh. The stretch value is selected using bits CKCON.2–0. In the table, these bits are referred to as M2 through M0. The first stretch (default) allows the use of common 120ns or 150ns RAMs without dramatically lengthening the memory access. Table 2. Data Memory Cycle Stretch Values CKCON.2–0 MD2 MD1 MD0 MEMORY CYCLES 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 2 3 (default) 4 5 6 7 8 9 RD or WR STROBE WIDTH IN CLOCKS 2 4 8 12 16 20 24 28 12 of 40 STROBE WIDTH TIME AT 25MHz (ns) 80 160 320 480 640 800 960 1120 DS80C320/DS80C323 High-Speed/Low-Power Microcontrollers DUAL DATA POINTER Data memory block moves can be accelerated using the Dual Data Pointer (DPTR). The standard 8032 DPTR is a 16-bit value that is used to address off-chip data RAM or peripherals. In the DS80C320/DS80C323, the standard 16-bit data pointer is called DPTR0 and is located at SFR addresses 82h and 83h. These are the standard locations. The new DPTR is located at SFR 84h and 85h and is called DPTR1. The DPTR Select bit (DPS) chooses the active pointer and is located at the LSB of the SFR location 86h. No other bits in register 86h have any effect and are set to 0. The user switches between data pointers by toggling the LSB of register 86h. The increment (INC) instruction is the fastest way to accomplish this. All DPTR-related instructions use the currently selected DPTR for any activity. Therefore only one instruction is required to switch from a source to a destination address. Using the Dual-Data Pointer saves code from needing to save source and destination addresses when doing a block move. Once loaded, the software simply switches between DPTR and 1. The relevant register locations are as follows. DPL DPH DPL1 DPH1 DPS 82h 83h 84h 85h 86h Low byte original DPTR High byte original DPTR Low byte new DPTR High byte new DPTR DPTR Select (LSB) Sample code listed below illustrates the saving from using the dual DPTR. The example program was original code written for an 8051 and requires a total of 1869 DS80C320/DS80C323 machine cycles. This takes 299ms to execute at 25MHz. The new code using the Dual DPTR requires only 1097 machine cycles taking 175.5ms. The Dual DPTR saves 772 machine cycles or 123.5ms for a 64-byte block move. Since each pass through the loop saves 12 machine cycles when compared to the single DPTR approach, larger blocks gain more efficiency using this feature. 64-Byte Block Move without Dual Data Pointer ; SH and SL are high and low byte source address. ; DH and DL are high and low byte of destination address. MOV MOV MOV MOV MOV MOV R5, #64d DPTR, #SHSL R1, #SL R2, #SH R3, #DL R4, #DH ; ; ; ; ; ; NUMBER OF BYTES TO MOVE LOAD SOURCE ADDRESS SAVE LOW BYTE OF SOURCE SAVE HIGH BYTE OF SOURCE SAVE LOW BYTE OF DESTINATION SAVE HIGH BYTE OF DESTINATION # CYCLES 2 3 2 2 2 2 MOVE: ; THIS LOOP IS PERFORMED THE NUMBER OF TIMES LOADED INTO R5, IN THIS EXAMPLE 64 MOVX MOV MOV MOV MOV MOVX INC MOV MOV MOV MOV INC DJNZ A, @DPTR R1, DPL R2, DPH DPL, R3 DPH, R4 @DPTR, A DPTR R3, DPL R4, DPH DPL, R1 DPH, R2 DPTR R5, MOVE ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; READ SOURCE DATA BYTE SAVE NEW SOURCE POINTER LOAD NEW DESTINATION WRITE DATA TO DESTINATION NEXT DESTINATION ADDRESS SAVE NEW DESTINATION POINTER GET NEW SOURCE POINTER NEXT SOURCE ADDRESS FINISHED WITH TABLE? 13 of 40 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 2 2 2 2 3 3 DS80C320/DS80C323 High-Speed/Low-Power Microcontrollers 64-Byte Block Move with Dual Data Pointer ; SH and SL are high and low byte source address. ; DH and DL are high and low byte of destination address. ; DPS is the data pointer select. Reset condition is DPS=0, DPTR0 is selected. # CYCLES EQU DPS, #86h ; TELL ASSEMBLER ABOUT DPS MOV MOV INC MOV R5, #64 DPTR, #DHDL DPS DPTR, #SHSL ; ; ; ; NUMBER OF BYTES TO MOVE LOAD DESTINATION ADDRESS CHANGE ACTIVE DPTR LOAD SOURCE ADDRESS 2 3 2 2 MOVE: ; THIS LOOP IS PERFORMED THE NUMBER OF TIMES LOADED INTO R5, IN THIS EXAMPLE 64 MOVX INC MOVX INC INC INC DJNZ A, @DPTR DPS @DPTR, A DPTR DPS DPTR R5, MOVE ; ; ; ; ; ; ; READ SOURCE DATA BYTE CHANGE DPTR TO DESTINATION WRITE DATA TO DESTINATION NEXT DESTINATION ADDRESS CHANGE DATA POINTER TO SOURCE NEXT SOURCE ADDRESS FINISHED WITH TABLE? 2 2 2 3 2 3 3 PERIPHERAL OVERVIEW Peripherals in the DS80C320/DS80C323 are accessed using the SFRs. The devices provide several of the most commonly needed peripheral functions in microcomputer-based systems. These functions are new to the 80C32 family and include a second serial port, power-fail reset, power-fail interrupt, and a programmable watchdog timer. These are briefly described in the following paragraphs. More details are available in the High-Speed Microcontroller User’s Guide. SERIAL PORTS The DS80C320/DS80C323 provide a serial port (UART) that is identical to the 80C32. Many applications require serial communication with multiple devices. Therefore, a second hardware serial port is provided that is a full duplicate of the standard one. It optionally uses pins P1.2 (RXD1) and P1.3 (TXD1). This port has duplicate control functions included in new SFR locations. The second serial port operates in a comparable manner with the first. Both can operate simultaneously but can be at different baud rates. The second serial port has similar control registers (SCON1 at C0h, SBUF1 at C1h) to the original. One difference is that for timer-based baud rates, the original serial port can use Timer 1 or Timer 2 to generate baud rates. This is selected via SFR bits. The new serial port can only use Timer 1. TIMER-RATE CONTROL One important difference exists between the DS80C320/DS80C323 and 80C32 regarding timers. The original 80C32 used a 12 clock-per-cycle scheme for timers and consequently for some serial baud rates (depending on the mode). The DS80C320/DS80C323 architecture normally runs using 4 clocks per cycle. However, in the area of timers, it will default to a 12 clock-per-cycle scheme on a reset. This allows existing code with real-time dependencies such as baud rates to operate properly. If an application needs higher speed timers or serial baud rates, the timers can be set to run at the 4-clock rate. The Clock Control register (CKCON - 8Eh) determines these timer speeds. When the relevant CKCON bit is a logic 1, the device uses 4 clocks per cycle to generate timer speeds. When the control bit is set to a 0, the device uses 12 clocks for timer speeds. The reset condition is a 0. CKCON.5 selects the speed of Timer 2. CKCON.4 selects Timer 1 and CKCON.3 selects Timer 0. Note that unless a user desires very fast timing, it is unnecessary to alter these bits. Note that the timer controls are independent. 14 of 40 DS80C320/DS80C323 High-Speed/Low-Power Microcontrollers POWER-FAIL RESET The DS80C320/DS80C323 incorporate a precision bandgap voltage reference to determine when VCC is out of tolerance. While powering up, internal circuits will hold the device in a reset state until VCC rises above the VRST reset threshold. Once VCC is above this level, the oscillator will begin running. An internal reset circuit will then count 65,536 clocks to allow time for power and the oscillator to stabilize. The microcontroller will then exit the reset condition. No external components are needed to generate a power on reset. During power-down or during a severe power glitch, as VCC falls below VRST, the microcontroller will also generate its own reset. It will hold the reset condition as long as power remains below the threshold. This reset will occur automatically, needing no action from the user or from the software. See the Electrical Specifications section for the exact value of VRST. POWER-FAIL INTERRUPT The same reference that generates a precision reset threshold can also generate an optional early warning Power-fail Interrupt (PFI). When enabled by the application software, this interrupt always has the highest priority. On detecting that the VCC has dropped below VPFW and that the PFI is enabled, the processor will vector to ROM address 0033h. The PFI enable is located in the Watchdog Control SFR (WDCON to D8h). Setting WDCON.5 to logic 1 will enable the PFI. The application software can also read a flag at WDCON.4. This bit is set when a PFI condition has occurred. The flag is independent of the interrupt enable and software must manually clear it. WATCHDOG TIMER For applications that cannot afford to run out of control, the DS80C320/DS80C323 incorporate a programmable watchdog timer circuit. The watchdog timer circuit resets the microcontroller if software fails to reset the watchdog before the selected time interval has elapsed. The user selects one of four timeout values. After enabling the watchdog, software must reset the timer prior to expiration of the interval, or the CPU will be reset. Both the Watchdog Enable and the Watchdog Reset bits are protected by a “Timed Access” circuit. This prevents accidentally clearing the watchdog. Timeout values are precise since they are related to the crystal frequency as shown in Table 3. For reference, the time periods at 25MHz are also shown. The watchdog timer also provides a useful option for systems that may not require a reset. If enabled, then 512 clocks before giving a reset, the watchdog will give an interrupt. The interrupt can also serve as a convenient time-base generator, or be used to wake-up the processor from Idle mode. The watchdog function is controlled in the Clock Control (CKCON to 8Eh), Watchdog Control (WDCON to D8h), and Extended Interrupt Enable (EIE to E8h) SFRs. CKCON.7 and CKCON.6 are called WD1 and WD0, respectively, and are used to select the watchdog timeout period as shown in Table 3. Table 3. Watchdog Timeout Values WD1 WD0 INTERRUPT TIMEOUT TIME (at 25MHz) RESET TIMEOUT TIME (at 25MHz) 0 0 217 clocks 5.243ms 217 + 512 clocks 5.263ms j 0 1 220 clocks 41.94ms 220 + 512 clocks 41.96ms 23 23 1 0 2 clocks 335.54ms 2 + 512 clocks 335.56ms 1 1 226 clocks 2684.35ms 226 + 512 clocks 2684.38ms As Table 3 shows, the watchdog timer uses the crystal frequency as a time base. A user selects one of four counter values to determine the timeout. These clock counter lengths are 217 = 131,072 clocks; 220 = 1,048,576; 223 = 8,388,608 clocks; or 226 = 67,108,864 clocks. The times shown in Table 4 are with 15 of 40 DS80C320/DS80C323 High-Speed/Low-Power Microcontrollers a 25MHz crystal frequency. Note that once the counter chain has reached a conclusion, the optional interrupt is generated. Regardless of whether the user enables this interrupt, there are then 512 clocks left until a reset occurs. There are 5 control bits in special function registers that affect the Watchdog Timer and two status flags that report to the user. The Reset Watchdog Timer bit (WDCON.0) should be asserted prior to modifying the Watchdog Timer Mode Select bits (WD1, WD0) to avoid corruption of the watchdog count. WDIF (WDCON.3) is the interrupt flag that is set when there are 512 clocks remaining until a reset occurs. WTRF (WDCON.2) is the flag that is set when a Watchdog reset has occurred. This allows the application software to determine the source of a reset. Setting the EWT (WDCON.1) bit enables the Watchdog Timer. The bit is protected by timed access. Setting the RWT (WDCON.0) bit restarts the Watchdog Timer for another full interval. Application software must set this bit prior to the timeout. As mentioned previously, WD1 and 0 (CKCON .7 and 6) select the timeout. Finally, the Watchdog Interrupt is enabled using EWDI (EIE.4). INTERRUPTS The DS80C320/DS80C323 provide 13 sources of interrupt with three priority levels. The Power-fail Interrupt (PFI), if enabled, always has the highest priority. There are two remaining user-selectable priorities: high and low. If two interrupts that have the same priority occur simultaneously, the natural precedence given in Table 4 determines which is acted upon. Except for the PFI, all interrupts that are new to the 8051 family have a lower natural priority than the originals. Table 4. Interrupt Priority PFI Power-Fail Interrupt 33h j NATURAL PRIORITY 1 INT0 External Interrupt 0 03h 2 Old TF0 Timer 0 0Bh 3 Old INT1 External Interrupt 1 13h 4 Old TF1 Timer 1 1Bh 5 Old TI0 or RI0 from Serial Port 0 23h 6 Old Timer 2 2Bh 7 Old TI1 or RI1 from Serial Port 1 3Bh 8 New INT2 External Interrupt 2 43h 9 New INT3 External Interrupt 3 4Bh 10 New INT4 External Interrupt 4 53h 11 New INT5 External Interrupt 5 5Bh 12 New Watchdog Timeout Interrupt 63h 13 New NAME SCON0 TF2 SCON1 WDTI FUNCTION VECTOR 16 of 40 OLD/NEW New DS80C320/DS80C323 High-Speed/Low-Power Microcontrollers POWER MANAGEMENT The DS80C320/DS80C323 provide the standard Idle and power-down (Stop) modes that are available on the standard 80C32. However, the device has enhancements that make these modes more useful, and allow more power saving. The Idle mode is invoked by setting the LSB of the Power Control register (PCON to 87h). Idle will leave internal clocks, serial port and timer running. No memory access will be performed so power is dramatically reduced. Since clocks are running, the Idle power consumption is related to crystal frequency. It should be approximately one-half the operational power. The CPU can exit the Idle state with any interrupt or a reset. The power-down or Stop mode is invoked by setting the PCON.1 bit. Stop mode is a lower power state than Idle since it turns off all internal clocking. The ICC of a standard Stop mode is approximately 1 µA but is specified in the Electrical Specifications section. The CPU will exit Stop mode from an external interrupt or a reset condition. Note that internally generated interrupts (timer, serial port, watchdog) are not useful in Idle or Stop since they require clocking activity. IDLE MODE ENHANCEMENTS A simple enhancement to Idle mode makes it substantially more useful. The innovation involves not the Idle mode itself, but the watchdog timer. As mentioned above, the Watchdog Timer provides an optional interrupt capability. This interrupt can provide a periodic interval timer to bring the DS80C320/DS80C323 out of Idle mode. This can be useful even if the Watchdog is not normally used. By enabling the Watchdog Timer and its interrupt prior to invoking Idle, a user can periodically come out of Idle perform an operation, then return to Idle until the next operation. This will lower the overall power consumption. When using the Watchdog Interrupt to cancel the Idle state, make sure to restart the Watchdog Timer or it will cause a reset. STOP MODE ENHANCEMENTS The DS80C320/DS80C323 provide two enhancements to the Stop mode. As documented above, the device provides a bandgap reference to determine Power-fail Interrupt and Reset thresholds. The default state is that the bandgap reference is off when Stop mode is invoked. This allows the extremely low power state mentioned above. A user can optionally choose to have the bandgap enabled during Stop mode. This means that PFI and power-fail reset will be activated and are valid means for leaving Stop mode. In Stop mode with the bandgap on, ICC will be approximately 50mA compared with 1mA with the bandgap off. If a user does not require a Power-fail Reset or Interrupt while in Stop mode, the bandgap can remain turned off. Note that only the most power sensitive applications should turn off the bandgap, as this results in an uncontrolled power-down condition. The control of the bandgap reference is located in the Extended Interrupt Flag register (EXIF to 91h). Setting BGS (EXIF.0) to a 1 will leave the bandgap reference enabled during Stop mode. The default or reset condition is with the bit at a logic 0. This results in the bandgap being turned off during Stop mode. Note that this bit has no control of the reference during full power or Idle modes. Be aware that the DS80C320 and DS80C323 require that the reset watchdog timer bit (RWT;WDCON.0) be set 17 of 40 DS80C320/DS80C323 High-Speed/Low-Power Microcontrollers immediately preceding the setting of the Stop bit to guarantee a correct power-on delay when exiting Stop mode. The second feature allows an additional power saving option. This is the ability to start instantly when exiting Stop mode. It is accomplished using an internal ring oscillator that can be used when exiting Stop mode in response to an interrupt. The benefit of the ring oscillator is as follows. Using Stop mode turns off the crystal oscillator and all internal clocks to save power. This requires that the oscillator be restarted when exiting Stop mode. Actual start-up time is crystal dependent, but is normally at least 4ms. A common recommendation is 10ms. In an application that will wakeup, perform a short operation, then return to sleep, the crystal startup can be longer than the real transaction. However, the ring oscillator will start instantly. The user can perform a simple operation and return to sleep before the crystal has even stabilized. If the ring is used to start and the processor remains running, hardware will automatically switch to the crystal once a power-on reset interval (65,536 clocks) has expired. This value is used to guarantee stability even though power is not being cycled. If the user returns to Stop mode prior to switching of crystal, then all clocks will be turned off again. The ring oscillator runs at approximately 3MHz (1.5MHz at 3V) but will not be a precision value. No realtime precision operations (including serial communication) should be conducted during this ring period. Figure 4 shows how the operation would compare when using the ring, and when starting up normally. The default state is to come out of Stop mode without using the ring oscillator. This function is controlled using the RGSL - Ring Select bit at EXIF.1 (EXIF to 91h). When EXIF.1 is set, the ring oscillator will be used to come out of Stop mode quickly. As mentioned above, the processor will automatically switch from the ring (if enabled) to the crystal after a delay of 65,536 crystal clocks. For a 3.57MHz crystal, this is approximately 18ms. The processor sets a flag called RGMD - Ring Mode to tell software that the ring is being used. This bit at EXIF.2 will be logic 1 when the ring is in use. No serial communication or precision timing should be attempted while this bit is set, since the operating frequency is not precise. 18 of 40 DS80C320/DS80C323 High-Speed/Low-Power Microcontrollers Figure 4. Ring Oscillator Startup DIAGRAM ASSUMES THAT THE OPERATION FOLLOWING STOP REQUIRES LESS THAN 18ms COMPLETE. TIMED ACCESS PROTECTION Selected SFR bits are critical to operation, making it desirable to protect against an accidental write operation. The Timed Access procedure prevents an errant CPU from accidentally altering a bit that would cause difficulty. The Timed Access procedure requires that the write of a protected bit be preceded by the following instructions: MOV MOV 0C7h, #0AAh 0C7h, #55h By writing an AAh followed by a 55h to the Timed Access register (location C7h), the hardware opens a three-cycle window that allows software to modify one of the protected bits. If the instruction that seeks to modify the protected bit is not immediately proceeded by these instructions, the write will not take effect. The protected bits are: EXIF.0 WDCON.6 WDCON.1 WDCON.0 WDCON.3 BGS Bandgap Select POR Power-on Reset flag EWT Enable Watchdog RWT Reset Watchdog WDIF Watchdog Interrupt Flag 19 of 40 DS80C320/DS80C323 High-Speed/Low-Power Microcontrollers SPECIAL-FUNCTION REGISTERS Most special features of the DS80C320/DS80C323 or 80C32 are controlled by bits in the SFRs, allowing the devices to add many features but use the same instruction set. When writing software to use a new feature, the SFR must be defined to an assembler or compiler using an equate statement. This is the only change needed to access the new function. The DS80C320/DS80C323 duplicate the SFRs that are contained in the standard 80C32. Table 5 shows the register addresses and bit locations. Many are standard 80C32 registers. The High-Speed Microcontroller User’s Guide describes all SFRs. Table 5. Special-Function Register Locations REGISTER SP DPL DPH DPL1 DPH1 DPS PCON TCON TMOD TL0 TL1 TH0 TH1 CKCON P1 EXIF SCON0 SBUF0 P2 IE SADDR0 SADDR1 P3 IP SADEN0 SADEN1 SCON1 SBUF1 STATUS TA T2CON T2MOD RCAP2L RCAP2H TL2 TH2 PSW WDCON ACC EIE B EIP BIT 7 BIT 6 BIT 5 BIT 4 BIT 3 BIT 2 BIT 1 BIT 0 0 SMOD_0 TF1 GATE 0 SMOD0 TR1 C/ T 0 — TF0 M1 0 — TR0 M0 0 GF1 IE1 GATE 0 GF0 IT1 C/ T 0 STOP IE0 M1 SEL IDLE IT0 M0 WD1 P1.7 IE5 SM0/FE_0 WD0 P1.6 IE4 SM1_0 T2M P1.5 IE3 SM2_0 T1M P1.4 IE2 REN_0 T0M P1.3 — TB8_0 MD2 P1.2 RGMD RB8_0 MD1 P1.1 RGSL TI_0 MD0 P1.0 BGS RI_0 P2.0 EA P2.6 ES1 P2.5 ET2 P2.4 ES0 P2.3 ET1 P2.2 EX1 P2.1 ET0 P2.0 EX0 P3.7 — P3.6 PS1 P3.5 PT2 P3.4 PS0 P3.3 PT1 P3.2 PX1 P3.1 PT0 P3.0 PX0 SM0/FE_0 SM1_0 SM2_0 REN_0 TB8_0 RB8_0 TI_0 RI_0 PIP HIP LIP 1 1 1 1 1 TF2 — EXF2 — RCLK — TCLK — EXEN2 — TR2 — C/ T2 T2OE CP/ RL2 DCEN CY SMOD_1 AC POR F0 EPFI RS1 PFI RS0 WDIF OV WTRF FL EWT P RWT — — — EWDI EX5 EX4 EX3 EX2 — — — PWDI PX5 PX4 PX3 PX2 20 of 40 ADDRESS 81h 82h 83h 84h 85h 86h 87h 88h 89h 8Ah 8Bh 8Ch 8Dh 8Eh 90h 91h 98h 99h A0h A8h A9h AAh B0h B8h B9h BAh C0h C1h C5h C7h C8h C9h CAh CBh CCh CDh D0h D8h E0h E8h F0h F8h DS80C320/DS80C323 High-Speed/Low-Power Microcontrollers ELECTRICAL SPECIFICATIONS ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS Voltage Range on Any Pin Relative to Ground…………………………………………-0.3V to (VCC + 0.5V) Voltage Range on VCC Relative to Ground……………………………………………………..-0.3V to +6.0V Operating Temperature Range………………………………………………………………….-40°C to +85°C Storage Temperature Range…………………………………………………………………..-55°C to +125°C Soldering Temperature………………………………………….See IPC/JEDEC J-STD-020A Specification This is a stress rating only and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions above those indicated in the operation sections of this specification is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods of time may affect reliability. DC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS—DS80C320 (VCC = 4.5V to 5.5V, TA = -40°C to +85°C.) PARAMETER Operating Supply Voltage SYMBOL VCC MIN 4.5 TYP 5.0 MAX 5.5 UNITS V NOTES 1 Power-Fail Warning Voltage VPFW 4.25 4.38 4.55 V 1 Minimum Operating Voltage Supply Current Active Mode at 25MHz Supply Current Idle Mode at 25MHz Supply Current Active Mode at 33MHz Supply Current Idle Mode at 33MHz Supply Current Stop Mode, Bandgap Reference Disabled Supply Current Stop Mode, Bandgap Reference Enabled Input Low Level Input High Level (Except XTAL1 and RST) Input High Level XTAL1 and RST Output-Low Voltage Ports 1, 3 at IOL = 1.6mA Output-Low Voltage Ports 0, 2, ALE, PSEN at IOL = 3.2mA Output-High Voltage Ports 1, 3, ALE, PSEN at IOH = -50µA Output High Voltage Ports 1, 3 at IOH = -1.5mA Output-High Voltage Ports 0, 2, ALE, PSEN at IOH = -8mA Input Low Current Ports 1, 3 at 0.45V Transition Current from 1 to 0 Ports 1, 3 at 2V Input Leakage Port 0, Bus Mode RST Pulldown Resistance VRST ICC IIDLE ICC IIDLE 4.0 4.1 30 15 35 20 4.25 45 25 V mA mA mA mA 1, 12 2 3 2 3 ISTOP 0.01 1 µA 4 ISPBG 50 80 µA 4, 10 +0.8 VCC + 0.3 VCC + 0.3 V V V 1 1 1 VOL1 0.45 V 1 VOL2 0.45 V 1, 5 VIL VIH1 VIH2 -0.3 2.0 3.5 VOH1 2.4 V 1, 6 VOH2 2.4 V 1, 7 VOH3 2.4 V 1, 5 IIL -55 µA 11 ITL -650 µA 8 +300 170 µA 9 IL RRST 21 of 40 -300 50 kW DS80C320/DS80C323 High-Speed/Low-Power Microcontrollers NOTES FOR DS80C320 DC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS All parameters apply to both commercial and industrial temperature operation unless otherwise noted. Specifications to -40°C are guaranteed by design and are not production tested. 1. All voltages are referenced to ground. 2. Active current is measured with a 25MHz clock source driving XTAL1, VCC = RST = 5.5V, all other pins disconnected. 3. Idle mode current is measured with a 25MHz clock source driving XTAL1, VCC = 5.5V, RST at ground, all other pins disconnected. 4. Stop mode current measured with XTAL1 and RST grounded, VCC = 5.5V, all other pins disconnected. 5. When addressing external memory. This specification only applies to the first clock cycle following transition. 6. RST = VCC. This condition mimics operation of pins in I/O mode. 7. During a 0-to-1 transition, a one-shot drives the ports hard for two clock cycles. This measurement reflects port in transition mode. 8. Ports 1 and 3 source transition current when being pulled down externally. It reaches its maximum at approximately 2V. 9. 0.45<VIN<VCC. Not a high-impedance input. This port is a weak address holding latch because Port 0 is dedicated as an address bus on the DS80C320. Peak current occurs near the input transition point of the latch, approximately 2V. 10. Over the industrial temperature range, this specification has a maximum value of 200mA. 11. This is the current required from an external circuit to hold a logic low level on an I/O pin while the corresponding port latch bit is set to 1. This is only the current required to hold the low level; transitions from 1 to 0 on an I/O pin will also have to overcome the transition current. 12. Device operating range is 4.5V to 5.5V; however, device is tested to 4.0V to ensure proper operation at minimum VRST. TYPICAL ICC vs. FREQUENCY 22 of 40 DS80C320/DS80C323 High-Speed/Low-Power Microcontrollers AC CHARACTERISTICS—DS80C320 PARAMETER Oscillator Frequency External Oscillator External Crystal ALE Pulse Width Port 0 Address Valid to ALE Low Address Hold After ALE Low Address Hold After ALE Low for MOVX WR ALE Low to Valid Instruction In ALE Low to PSEN Low PSEN Pulse Width PSEN Low to Valid Instruction In Input Instruction Hold After PSEN Input Instruction Float After PSEN Port 0 Address to Valid Instruction In Port 2 Address to Valid Instruction In PSEN Low to Address Float SYMBOL 33MHz VARIABLE CLOCK MIN MAX MIN MAX 0 33 0 33 1 33 1 33 UNITS MHz 1/tCLCL tLHLL 34 1.5tCLCL-11 ns tAVLL 4 0.5tCLCL-11 ns tLLAX1 2 tLLAX2 6 (Note 5) 49 0.5 61 2.5tCLCL-27 48 0 ns ns 0.25tCLCL-7 2.25tCLCL-7 tPLIV tPXIX (Note 5) 0.5tCLCL-9 tLLIV tLLPL tPLPH 0.25tCLCL-5 ns ns ns 2.25tCLCL-21 0 ns ns tPXIZ 25 tCLCL-5 ns tAVIV1 64 3tCLCL-27 ns tAVIV2 73 3.5tCLCL-33 ns tPLAZ (Note 5) (Note 5) ns NOTES FOR DS80C320 AC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS All parameters apply to both commercial and industrial temperature operation unless otherwise noted. Specifications to -40°C are guaranteed by design and are not production tested. AC electrical characteristics assume 50% duty cycle for the oscillator, oscillator frequency > 16MHz, and are not 100% tested, but are guaranteed by design. 1. All signals rated over operating temperature at 33MHz. 2. All signals characterized with load capacitance of 80pF except Port 0, ALE, PSEN , RD and WR at 100pF. Note that loading should be approximately equal for valid timing. 3. Interfacing to memory devices with float times (turn off times) over 30ns may cause contention. This will not damage the parts but will cause an increase in operating current. 4. Specifications assume a 50% duty cycle for the oscillator. Port 2 timing will change with the duty cycle variations. 5. Address is held in a weak latch until over driven by external memory. 23 of 40 DS80C320/DS80C323 High-Speed/Low-Power Microcontrollers MOVX CHARACTERISTICS—DS80C320 PARAMETER SYMBOL RD Pulse Width tRLRH WR Pulse Width tWLWH RD Low to Valid Data In tRLDV Data Hold After Read tRHDX Data Float After Read tRHDZ ALE Low to Valid Data In tLLDV Port 0 Address to Valid Data In Port 2 Address to Valid Data In VARIABLE CLOCK MIN 2tCLCL-11 tMCS-11 2tCLCL-11 tMCS-11 ALE Low to RD or WR Low tLLWL Port 0 Address Valid to RD or WR Low tAVWL1 Port 2 Address Valid to RD or WR Low tAVWL2 Data Valid to WR Transition tQVWX Data Hold After Write tWHQX RD Low to Address Float tRLAZ RD or WR High to ALE 0.5tCLCL-8 1.5tCLCL-7 tCLCL-11 2tCLCL-10 ns tCLCL-5 ns ns ns ns ns ns ns 2.5tCLCL-13 -9 tCLCL-10 tCLCL-12 2tCLCL-7 0 ns tMCS=0 tMCS>0 tMCS=0 tMCS>0 tMCS=0 tMCS>0 ns tCLCL-5 2tCLCL-5 2.5tCLCL-27 1.5tCLCL-28+tMCS 3tCLCL-27 2tCLCL-31+tMCS 3.5tCLCL-32 2.5tCLCL-34+tMCS 0.5tCLCL+6 1.5tCLCL+8 1.5tCLCL-9 tWHLH High ns 0 tAVDV2 STRETCH MAX 2tCLCL-25 tMCS-25 tAVDV1 UNITS ns ns (Note 5) 10 tCLCL+11 tMCS=0 tMCS>0 tMCS=0 tMCS>0 tMCS=0 tMCS>0 tMCS=0 tMCS>0 tMCS=0 tMCS>0 tMCS=0 tMCS>0 tMCS=0 tMCS>0 tMCS=0 tMCS>0 tMCS=0 tMCS>0 ns ns tMCS=0 tMCS>0 Note: tMCS is a time period related to the Stretch memory cycle selection. The following table shows the value of tMCS for each Stretch selection. M2 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 M1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 M0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 MOVX CYCLES 2 machine cycles 3 machine cycles (default) 4 machine cycles 5 machine cycles 6 machine cycles 7 machine cycles 8 machine cycles 9 machine cycles 24 of 40 tMCS 0 4 tCLCL 8 tCLCL 12 tCLCL 16 tCLCL 20 tCLCL 24 tCLCL 28 tCLCL DS80C320/DS80C323 High-Speed/Low-Power Microcontrollers DC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS—DS80C323 PARAMETER Operating Supply Voltage Power-Fail Warning Voltage Minimum Operating Voltage Supply Current Active Mode at 18MHz Supply Current Idle Mode at 18MHz Supply Current Stop Mode, Bandgap Reference Disabled Supply Current Stop Mode, Bandgap Reference Enabled Input Low Level Input High Level (Except XTAL1 and RST) Input High Level XTAL1 and RST Output Low Voltage Ports 1, 3 at IOL = 1.6mA Output Low Voltage Ports 0, 2, PSEN /ALE at IOL = 3.2mA Output High Voltage Ports 1, 3, PSEN /ALE at IOH = -15µA Output High Voltage Ports 1, 3 at IOH = -1.5mA Output High Voltage Ports 0, 2, PSEN /ALE at IOH = -2mA Input Low Current Ports 1, 3 at 0.45V Transition Current from 1 ³ 0, Ports 1, 3 at 2V Input Leakage Port 0, Bus Mode RST Pulldown Resistance SYMBOL VCC VPFW VRST ICC IIDLE MIN 2.7 2.6 2.5 TYP 3.0 2.7 2.6 10 6 MAX 5.5 2.8 2.7 UNITS V V V mA mA NOTES 1 1 1, 12 2 3 ISTOP 0.1 µA 2 ISPBG 40 µA 4, 10 VIL -0.3 +0.2 x VCC V 1 VIH1 0.7 x VCC VCC+0.3 V 1 VIH2 0.7 x VCC +0.25V VCC+0.3 V 1 VOL1 0.4 V 1 VOL2 0.4 V 1, 5 V 1, 6 V 1, 7 V 1, 5 VOH1 VOH2 VOH3 VDD -0.4V VDD -0.4V VDD -0.4V IIL -30 µA 11 ITL -400 µA 8 +300 170 µA kW 9 IL RRST -300 50 NOTES FOR DS80C323 DC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS All parameters apply to both commercial and industrial temperature operation unless otherwise noted. Specifications to -40°C are guaranteed by design and are not production tested. Device operating range is 2.7V to 5.5V. DC electrical specifications are for operation 2.7V to 3.3V. 1. All voltages are referenced to ground. 2. Active mode current is measured with an 18MHz clock source driving XTAL1, VCC = RST = 3.3V, all other pins disconnected. 3. Idle mode current is measured with an 18MHz clock source driving XTAL1, VCC = 3.3V, all other pins disconnected. 4. Stop mode current measured with XTAL1 and RST grounded, VCC = 3.3V, all other pins disconnected. 5. When addressing external memory. This specification only applies to the first clock cycle following the transition. 25 of 40 DS80C320/DS80C323 High-Speed/Low-Power Microcontrollers NOTES FOR DS80C323 DC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued) All parameters apply to both commercial and industrial temperature operation unless otherwise noted. Specifications to -40°C are guaranteed by design and are not production tested. Device operating range is 2.7V to 5.5V. DC electrical specifications are for operation 2.7V to 3.3V. 6. RST = VCC. This condition mimics operation of pins in I/O mode. 7. During a 0-to-1 transition, a one-shot drives the ports hard for two clock cycles. This measurement reflects port in transition mode. 8. Ports 1, 2, and 3 source transition current when being pulled down externally. It reaches its maximum at approximately 2V. 9. VIN between ground and VCC - 0.3V. Not a high-impedance input. This port is a weak address latch because Port 0 is dedicated as an address bus on the DS80C323. Peak current occurs near the input transition point of the latch, approximately 2V. 10. Over the industrial temperature range, this specification has a maximum value of 200mA. 11. This is the current from an external circuit to hold a logic low level on an I/O pin while the corresponding port latch bit is set to 1. This is only the current required to hold the low level; transitions from 1 to 0 on an I/O pin will also have to overcome the transition current. 12. Device operating range is 2.7V to 5.5V, however device is tested to 2.5V to ensure proper operation at minimum VRST. 26 of 40 DS80C320/DS80C323 High-Speed/Low-Power Microcontrollers AC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS—DS80C323 PARAMETER Oscillator Frequency External Oscillator External Crystal ALE Pulse Width Port 0 Address Valid to ALE Low Address Hold After ALE Low Address Hold After ALE Low for MOVX WR ALE Low to Valid Instruction In ALE Low to PSEN Low PSEN Pulse Width PSEN Low to Valid Instruction In Input Instruction Hold After PSEN Input Instruction Float After PSEN Port 0 Address to Valid Instruction In Port 2 Address to Valid Instruction In PSEN Low to Address Float SYMBOL 18 MHz VARIABLE CLOCK MIN MAX MIN MAX 0 18 0 18 UNITS MHz 1/tCLCL 1 18 1 18 tLHLL 68 1.5tCLCL-15 ns tAVLL 16 0.5tCLCL-11 ns tLLAX1 6 tLLAX2 14 (Note 5) 93 4 118 2.5tCLCL-46 87 0 ns ns 0.25tCLCL-10 2.25tCLCL-7 tPLIV tPXIX (Note 5) 0.5tCLCL-13 tLLIV tLLPL tPLPH 0.25tCLCL-8 ns ns ns 2.25tCLCL-38 0 ns ns tPXIZ 51 tCLCL-5 ns tAVIV1 128 3tCLCL-39 ns tAVIV2 139 3.5tCLCL-56 ns tPLAZ (Note 5) (Note 5) ns NOTES FOR DS80C323 AC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS All parameters apply to both commercial and industrial temperature operation unless otherwise noted. Specifications to -40°C are guaranteed by design and are not production tested. AC electrical characteristics assume 50% duty cycle for the oscillator, oscillator frequency > 16MHz, and are not 100% production tested, but are guaranteed by design. 1. All signals rated over operating temperature at 18MHz. 2. All signals characterized with load capacitance of 80pF except Port 0, ALE, PSEN , RD , and WR at 100pF. Note that loading should be approximately equal for valid timing. 3. Interfacing to memory devices with float times (turn off times) over 35ns may cause contention. This will not damage the parts, but will cause an increase in operating current. 4. Specifications assume a 50% duty cycle for the oscillator. Port 2 timing will change with the duty cycle variations. 5. Address is held in a weak latch until over-driven by external memory. 27 of 40 DS80C320/DS80C323 High-Speed/Low-Power Microcontrollers MOVX CHARACTERISTICS—DS80C323 PARAMETER SYMBOL RD Pulse Width tRLRH WR Pulse Width tWLWH RD Low to Valid Data In tRLDV Data Hold After Read tRHDX Data Float After Read tRHDZ ALE Low to Valid Data In tLLDV Port 0 Address to Valid Data In Port 2 Address to Valid Data In VARIABLE CLOCK MIN 2tCLCL-11 tMCS-11 2tCLCL-11 tMCS-11 Port 0 Address Valid to RD or WR Low tAVWL1 Port 2 Address Valid to RD or WR Low tAVWL2 Data Valid to WR Transition tQVWX Data Hold After Write tWHQX RD Low to Address Float tRLAZ RD or WR High to 0.5tCLCL-18 1.5tCLCL-11 ns -1 tCLCL-5 STRETCH tMCS=0 tMCS>0 tMCS=0 tMCS>0 tMCS=0 tMCS>0 ns tCLCL-5 2tCLCL-7 2.5tCLCL-43 1.5tCLCL-45+tMCS 3tCLCL-40 2tCLCL-42+tMCS 3.5tCLCL-58 2.5tCLCL-59+tMCS 0.5tCLCL+7 1.5tCLCL+8 tCLCL-10 2tCLCL-10 1.5tCLCL-27 2.5tCLCL-25 -14 tCLCL-13 tCLCL-15 2tCLCL-13 tWHLH ALE High ns 0 tAVDV2 tLLWL ns 2tCLCL-32 tMCS-36 tAVDV1 ALE Low to RD or WR Low UNITS MAX ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns (Note 5) 14 tCLCL+16 tMCS=0 tMCS>0 tMCS=0 tMCS>0 tMCS=0 tMCS>0 tMCS=0 tMCS>0 tMCS=0 tMCS>0 tMCS=0 tMCS>0 tMCS=0 tMCS>0 tMCS=0 tMCS>0 tMCS=0 tMCS>0 ns ns tMCS=0 tMCS>0 Note: tMCS is a time period related to the Stretch memory cycle selection. The following table shows the value of tMCS for each Stretch selection. M2 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 M1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 M0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 MOVX CYCLES 2 machine cycles 3 machine cycles (default) 4 machine cycles 5 machine cycles 6 machine cycles 7 machine cycles 8 machine cycles 9 machine cycles 28 of 40 tMCS 0 4 tCLCL 8 tCLCL 12 tCLCL 16 tCLCL 20 tCLCL 24 tCLCL 28 tCLCL DS80C320/DS80C323 High-Speed/Low-Power Microcontrollers EXTERNAL CLOCK CHARACTERISTICS PARAMETER Clock High Time Clock Low Time Clock Rise Time Clock Fall Time SYMBOL tCHCX tCLCX tCLCH tCHCL MIN 10 10 TYP MAX 5 5 UNITS ns ns ns ns SERIAL PORT MODE 0 TIMING CHARACTERISTICS PARAMETER Serial Port Clock Cycle Time Output Data Setup to Clock Rising Edge Output Data Hold from Clock Rising Input Data Hold After Clock Rising Clock Rising Edge to Input Data Valid SYMBOL tXLXL tQVXH tXHQX tXHDX tXHDV CONDITIONS MIN TYP SM2 = 0; 12 clocks per cycle 12tCLCL SM2 = 1; 4 clocks per cycle 4tCLCL SM2 = 0 12 clocks per cycle 10tCLCL SM2 = 1; 4 clocks per cycle 3tCLCL SM2 = 0 12 clocks per cycle 2tCLCL SM2 = 1; 4 clocks per cycle tCLCL SM2 = 0; 12 clocks per cycle tCLCL SM2 = 1; 4 clocks per cycle tCLCL SM2 = 0; 12 clocks per cycle 11tCLCL SM2 = 1 4 clocks per cycle 2tCLCL MAX UNITS ns ns ns ns ns EXPLANATION OF AC SYMBOLS In an effort to remain compatible with the original 8051 family, this device specifies the same parameter as such devices, using the same symbols. For completeness, the following is an explanation of the symbols. t A C D H L I P Time Address Clock Input data Logic level high Logic level low Instruction Q R V W X Z PSEN 29 of 40 Output data RD signal Valid WR signal No longer a valid logic level Tri-state DS80C320/DS80C323 High-Speed/Low-Power Microcontrollers POWER-CYCLE TIMING CHARACTERISTICS PARAMETER SYMBOL Crystal Startup Time tCSU Power-On Reset Delay tPOR MIN TYP MAX 1.8 65,536 UNITS NOTES ms 1 tCLCL 2 NOTES FOR POWER CYCLE TIMING CHARACTERISTICS 1. Startup time for crystals varies with load capacitance and manufacturer. Time shown is for an 11.0592MHz crystal manufactured by Fox crystal. 2. Reset delay is a synchronous counter of crystal oscillations after crystal startup. Counting begins when the level on the XTAL1 input meets the VIH2 criteria. At 25MHz, this time is 2.62ms. PROGRAM MEMORY READ CYCLE 30 of 40 DS80C320/DS80C323 High-Speed/Low-Power Microcontrollers DATA MEMORY READ CYCLE 31 of 40 DS80C320/DS80C323 High-Speed/Low-Power Microcontrollers DATA MEMORY WRITE CYCLE DATA MEMORY WRITE WITH STRETCH = 1 32 of 40 DS80C320/DS80C323 High-Speed/Low-Power Microcontrollers DATA MEMORY WRITE WITH STRETCH = 2 4-CYCLE DATA MEMORY WRITE STRETCH VALUE = 2 EXTERNAL CLOCK DRIVE 33 of 40 DS80C320/DS80C323 High-Speed/Low-Power Microcontrollers SERIAL PORT MODE 0 TIMING SERIAL PORT 0 (SYNCHRONOUS MODE) HIGH SPEED OPERATION SM2 = 1 ≥ TXD CLOCK = XTAL/4 SERIAL PORT 0 (SYNCHRONOUS MODE) SM2 = 0 ≥ TXD CLOCK = XTAL/12 34 of 40 DS80C320/DS80C323 High-Speed/Low-Power Microcontrollers POWER-CYCLE TIMING 35 of 40 DS80C320/DS80C323 High-Speed/Low-Power Microcontrollers PACKAGE INFORMATION (The package drawing(s) in this data sheet may not reflect the most current specifications. For the latest package outline information, go to www.maxim-ic.com/DallasPackInfo.) 36 of 40 DS80C320/DS80C323 High-Speed/Low-Power Microcontrollers PACKAGE INFORMATION (continued) (The package drawing(s) in this data sheet may not reflect the most current specifications. For the latest package outline information, go to www.maxim-ic.com/DallasPackInfo.) 37 of 40 DS80C320/DS80C323 High-Speed/Low-Power Microcontrollers PACKAGE INFORMATION (continued) (The package drawing(s) in this data sheet may not reflect the most current specifications. For the latest package outline information, go to www.maxim-ic.com/DallasPackInfo.) 38 of 40 DS80C320/DS80C323 High-Speed/Low-Power Microcontrollers DATA SHEET REVISION SUMMARY The following represent the key differences between the 051804 and the 112299 version of the DS80C320/DS80C323 data sheet. Please review this summary carefully. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. Removed “Preliminary” status as a result of final characterization. Added industrial temperature DS80C323 devices to ordering information. Updated soldering temperature specification to reflect JEDEC standards. Updated the following DS80C323 AC timing parameters with final characterization data: tLHLL, tLLAX1, tLLAX2, tLLAX2, tLLIV, tLLPL, tPLIV, tAVIV1, tRLDV, tRHDZ, tLLDV, tAVDV1, tAVDV2, tLLWL, tAVWL1, tAVWL2, tQVWX, tWHQX, tWHLH. Updated the following DS80C320 AC timing parameters with final characterization data: tWHQX, tLHLL, tLLAX2, tLLDV, tAVDV1, tLLWL, tAVWL1, tAVWL2. Added note advising the need to reset watchdog timer before setting the Stop bit. Added note clarifying drive strength of P0, P2, ALE, PSEN. Obsoleted DS80C320 25MHz AC timing tables; merged into 33MHz AC timing tables. Corrected Serial Port Mode 0 Timing diagrams to show correct order of D6, D7. The following represent the key differences between the 041896 and the 052799 version of the DS80C320 data sheet. Please review this summary carefully. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Corrected VCC pin description to show DS80C323 operation at +3V. Corrected Timed Access description to show three-cycle window. Modified absolute Maximum Ratings for any pin relative to around, VCC relative to ground. Changed minimum oscillator frequency to 1MHz when using external crystal. Clarified that tPOR begins when XTAL1 reaches VIH2. The following represent the key differences between the 103196 and the 041896 version of the DS80C320 data sheet. Please review this summary carefully. 1. Updated DS80C320 25MHz AC Characteristics. The following represent the key differences between the 041895 and the 031096 version of the DS80C320 data sheet. Please review this summary carefully. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Remove Port 0, Port 2 from VOH1 specification (PCN B60802). VOH1 test specification clarified (RST = VCC). Add tAVWL2 marking to External Memory Read Cycle figure. Correct TQFP drawing to read 44-pin TQFP. Rotate page 1 TQFP illustration to match assembly specifications. The following represent the key differences between the 031096 and the 052296 version of the DS80C320 data sheet. Please review this summary carefully. 1. Added Data Sheet Revision Summary section. The following represent the key differences between 05/23/96 and 05/22/96 version of the DS80C320 data sheet and between 05/23/96 and 03/27/95 version of the DS80C323 data sheet. Please review this summary carefully. DS80C320: 1. Add DS80C323 Characteristics. 2. Change DS80C320 VPFW specification from 4.5V to 4.55V (PCN E62802). 3. Update DS80C320 33MHz AC Characteristics. DS80C323: 1. Delete Data Sheet. Contents moved to DS80C320/DS80C323. 39 of 40 DS80C320/DS80C323 High-Speed/Low-Power Microcontrollers DATA SHEET REVISION SUMMARY (continued) The following represent the key differences between the 05/22/96 and the 10/21/97 version of the DS80C320 data sheet. Please review this summary carefully. DS80C320 1. Added note to clarify IIL specification. 2. Added note to clarify AC timing conditions. 3. Corrected erroneous tQVXL label on figure “Serial Port Mode 0 Timing” to read tQVXH. 4. Added note to prevent accidental corruption of Watchdog Timer count while changing counter length. DS80C323 1. Added note to clarify IIL specification. 2. Remove port 2 from VOH1 specification, add port 3. 3. IOH for VOH3 specification changed from -3mA to -2mA. 4. Added note to clarify AC timing conditions. 40 of 40 Maxim/Dallas Semiconductor cannot assume responsibility for use of any circuitry other than circuitry entirely embodied in a Maxim/Dallas Semiconductor product. No circuit patent licenses are implied. Maxim/Dallas Semiconductor reserves the right to change the circuitry and specifications without notice at any time. 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