19-1825; Rev 0; 10/00 NUAL KIT MA ATION EET H S A EVALU T WS DA FOLLO 2.4GHz Monolithic Voltage-Controlled Oscillators The MAX2750/MAX2751/MAX2752 are self-contained voltage-controlled oscillators (VCOs) intended for use in the 2.4GHz to 2.5GHz ISM band. Each IC combines a fully integrated oscillator and output buffer in a miniature 8-pin µMAX package. The inductor and varactor elements of the tank are integrated on-chip, greatly simplifying application of the part. The only required external components are a couple of supply bypass capacitors. The IC provides direct connection to the VCO tuning voltage input and the VCO buffer output. The tuning voltage input range is +0.4V to +2.4V, and the oscillator frequency tuning range is factory adjusted to provide guaranteed limits. The output signal is buffered by an amplifier stage (internally matched to 50Ω) to provide higher output power and isolate the device from load impedance variations. The MAX2750/MAX2751/MAX2752 operate over a +2.7V to +5.5V supply voltage range. Internal regulation of the oscillator supply voltage eliminates the need for an external LDO regulator for the VCO. The IC also provides a digitally controlled shutdown mode to permit implementation of sophisticated power-supply management. In shutdown, the supply current is reduced to less than 1µA. ________________________Applications Features ♦ Guaranteed Frequency Tuning Range MAX2750: 2400MHz to 2500MHz (Zero IF) MAX2751: 2120MHz to 2260MHz (240MHz to 280MHz IF) MAX2752: 2025MHz to 2165MHz (335MHz to 375MHz IF) ♦ On-Chip Tank Circuit ♦ Internally Matched Output Buffer Amplifier ♦ Low-Current Shutdown Mode ♦ +2.7V to +5.5V Supply Voltage Range ♦ Miniature 8-Pin µMAX Package Ordering Information PART TEMP. RANGE PIN-PACKAGE MAX2750EUA -40°C to +85°C 8 µMAX MAX2751EUA -40°C to +85°C 8 µMAX MAX2752EUA -40°C to +85°C 8 µMAX Pin Configuration appears at end of data sheet. 802.11b DSSS WLAN 802.11 FHSS WLAN Home RF 2.4GHz Bluetooth ISM Proprietary Radio Typical Operating Circuit BYP GND TUNE TUNE OSCILLATOR CORE OUT OUT TO MIXER/ SYNTHESIZER GND VCC1 SHDN SHDN MAX2750 MAX2751 MAX2752 VCC VCC2 BIAS ________________________________________________________________ Maxim Integrated Products 1 For price, delivery, and to place orders, please contact Maxim Distribution at 1-888-629-4642, or visit Maxim’s website at www.maxim-ic.com. MAX2750/MAX2751/MAX2752 General Description MAX2750/MAX2751/MAX2752 2.4GHz Monolithic Voltage-Controlled Oscillators ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS VCC to GND ..............................................................-0.3V to +6V TUNE, SHDN, BYP, OUT to GND ...............-0.3V to (VCC + 0.3V) Continuous Power Dissipation (TA = +70°C) 8-Pin µMAX (derate 5.7mW/°C above TA = +70°C).....457mW Operating Temperature Range ...........................-40°C to +85°C Junction Temperature ......................................................+150°C Storage Temperature Range .............................-65°C to +150°C Lead Temperature (soldering, 10s) .................................+300°C Stresses beyond those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specifications is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. DC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (VCC = +2.7V to +5.5V, VTUNE = +0.4V to +2.4V, V SHDN ≤ +2V, OUT = connected to 50Ω load, TA = -40°C to +85°C. Typical values are at VCC = +3.0V, TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.) (Note 1) PARAMETER CONDITIONS MIN Supply Voltage o MAX2750 Supply Current TYP 2.7 MAX2751 UNITS 5.5 V TA = +25 C 11.3 14.4 TA = -40oC to +85oC 14.1 17.0 TA = +25oC 9.7 12.1 12.7 15.9 10 12.1 12.8 15.2 o o TA = -40 C to +85 C TA = +25oC MAX2752 MAX TA = -40oC to +85oC Shutdown Supply Current 0.2 SHDN Input Voltage Low SHDN Input Voltage High mA 1 µA 0.6 V 2.0 V SHDN Input Current Low V SHDN ≤ 0.6V -2 2 µA SHDN Input Current High V SHDN ≥ 2.0V -2 2 µA TUNE Input Current 0.4 ≤ V TUNE ≤ 2.4V 0.02 nA AC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (MAX2750/MAX2751/MAX2752 EV kit, VCC = +2.7V to +5.5V, VTUNE = +0.4V to +2.4V, V SHDN ≤ +2V, OUT = connected to 50Ω load, TA = +25°C. Typical values are at VCC = +3.0V, unless otherwise noted.) PARAMETER CONDITIONS MAX2750 Oscillator Guaranteed Frequency Limits (Note1) Phase Noise V TUNE = +0.4V to +2.4V, TA = -40oC to +85oC Tuning Gain (Note 2) MAX2752 MAX UNITS 2500 MHz MAX2751 2120 2260 MHz 2025 2165 MHz Noise floor MAX2751 TYP MAX2752 fOFFSET = 4MHz MAX2750 MIN 2400 -125 dBc/Hz -151 dBm/Hz fOSC = 2400MHz, +3V 140 fOSC = 2500MHz, +3V 90 fOSC = 2120MHz, +3V 175 fOSC = 2260MHz, +3V 110 fOSC = 2025MHz, +3V 170 fOSC = 2165MHz, +3V 105 MHz/V Output Power -3 dBm Return Loss 12 dB Harmonics -30 dBc 2 _______________________________________________________________________________________ 2.4GHz Monolithic Voltage-Controlled Oscillators (MAX2750/MAX2751/MAX2752 EV kit, VCC = +2.7V to +5.5V, VTUNE = +0.4V to +2.4V, V SHDN ≤ +2V, OUT = connected to 50Ω load, TA = +25°C. Typical values are at VCC = +3.0V, unless otherwise noted.) PARAMETER CONDITIONS Load Pulling VSWR = 2:1, all phases Supply Pushing VCC stepped: +3.3V to +2.8V MIN TYP MAX UNITS 4 MHzp-p 1.3 MHz/V Oscillator Turn-On Time (Note 3) Exiting shutdown 8 µs Oscillator Turn-Off Time (Note 4) Entering shutdown 5 µs Specifications are production tested at TA = +25°C. Limits over temperature are guaranteed by design and characterization. Tuning gain is measured at the oscillator’s guaranteed frequency limits. Turn-on time to within 3dB of final output power Turn-off time to output power of -10dBm. Note 1: Note 2: Note 3: Note 4: Typical Operating Characteristics (Circuit of Figure 1, VCC = +3.0V, VTUNE = +0.4V to +2.4V, V SHDN ≤ 2V, TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.) 12 11 10 MAX2752 9 MAX2751 0.4 0.3 0.2 1.0 MAX2750/51/52 toc03 MAX2750 13 MAX2750/51/52 toc02 SUPPLY CURRENT (mA) 14 0.5 SHUTDOWN CURRENT (µA) MAX2750/51/52 toc01 15 MAX2750/MAX2751/MAX2752 TUNING CURRENT vs. TEMPERATURE MAX2750/MAX2751/MAX2752 SHUTDOWN CURRENT vs. TEMPERATURE TUNE INPUT CURRENT (nA) MAX2750/MAX2751/MAX2752 SUPPLY CURRENT vs. TEMPERATURE 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0.1 8 0 0 0 20 40 TEMPERATURE (°C) 60 80 -40 -20 MAX2750 VCO TUNING CURVE 2400 TA = +25°C 40 60 -40 80 0 0.5 1.0 1.5 VTUNE (V) 2.0 2.5 3.0 20 40 MAX2751 VCO TUNING CURVE MAX2752 VCO TUNING CURVE TA = +25°C 2050 TA = +85°C 60 2350 2250 80 TA = -40°C 2150 2050 TA = +25°C 1950 1850 2200 0 TEMPERATURE (°C) 2150 1950 -20 TEMPERATURE (°C) TA = -40°C 2250 TA = +85°C 2300 20 2350 FREQUENCY (MHz) TA = -40°C 2500 FREQUENCY (MHz) MAX2750/51/52 toc04 2600 0 FREQUENCY (MHz) -20 MAX2750/51/52 toc05 -40 MAX2750/51/52 toc06 7 TA = +85°C 1850 0 0.5 1.0 1.5 VTUNE (V) 2.0 2.5 3.0 0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 VTUNE (V) _______________________________________________________________________________________ 3 MAX2750/MAX2751/MAX2752 AC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued) Typical Operating Characteristics (continued) (Circuit of Figure 1, VCC = +3.0V, VTUNE = +0.4V to +2.4V, V SHDN ≤ 2V, TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.) -80 -90 -100 -110 -120 ∆ MKR -30.00dB ∆ = 30dBc OUTPUT POWER (dBm) -70 -2 MAX2750/51/52 toc08 -60 OUTPUT POWER (dBm) MAX2750/51/52 toc07 -50 -3 -4 MAX2750/51/52 toc09 NORMALIZED HARMONIC OUTPUT SPECTRUM MAX2751 OUTPUT POWER vs. TEMPERATURE PHASE NOISE PHASE NOISE (dBc/Hz) ∆ = 48dBc -130 -140 -150 -5 0.1 1 10 -40 OFFSET FREQUENCY (MHz) -20 0 20 40 60 -40 -50 -60 8µs -70 -10 -20 -30 -40 -50 -60 4µs -70 -80 -80 -90 -90 -100 -100 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 TIME (µs) TIME (µs) 4 3ƒO MAX2750/51/52 toc11 -30 0 OUTPUT POWER (dBm) -20 2ƒO FREQUENCY OSCILLATOR TURN-ON TIME MAX2750/51/52 toc10 -10 ƒO 80 TEMPERATURE (°C) OSCILLATOR TURN-ON TIME 0 OUTPUT POWER (dBm) MAX2750/MAX2751/MAX2752 2.4GHz Monolithic Voltage-Controlled Oscillators Pin Description PIN NAME FUNCTION 1 BYP 2 TUNE Oscillator Frequency Tuning Voltage Input. High-impedance input with a voltage input range of +0.4V (low frequency) to +2.4V (high frequency). 3 GND Ground Connection for Oscillator and Biasing. Requires a low-inductance connection to the circuit board ground plane. 4 SHDN Shutdown Logic Input. A high-impedance input logic level low disables the device and reduces supply current to less than 1.0µA. A logic level high enables the device. 5 VCC1 Bias and Oscillator DC Supply Voltage Connection. Bypass separately from PIN6 with a 220pF capacitor to GND for low noise and low spurious content performance from the oscillator. 6 VCC2 Output Buffer DC Supply Voltage Connection. Bypass separately from PIN5 with a 220pF capacitor to GND for best high frequency performance. 7 OUT Buffered Oscillator Output. Incorporates an internal DC blocking capacitor. OUT is internally matched to 50Ω. 8 GND Ground Connection for Output Buffer. Requires a low-inductance connection to the circuit board ground plane. VCO Bypass. Bypass with a 0.1µF capacitor to GND. _______________________________________________________________________________________ 2.4GHz Monolithic Voltage-Controlled Oscillators MAX2750 MAX2751 MAX2752 GND TUNE FROM SYNTHESIZER OSCILLATOR CORE OUT TO MIXER/ SYNTHESIZER OUT LOOP FILTER 220pF VCC1 GND VCC SHDN SHDN BIAS VCC2 220pF Figure 1. Typical Application Circuit Detailed Description Applications Information Oscillator Tune Input The MAX2750/MAX2751/MAX2752 VCOs are implemented as an LC oscillator topology, integrating all of the tank components on-chip. This fully monolithic approach provides an extremely easy-to-use VCO, equivalent to a VCO module. The frequency is controlled by a voltage applied to the TUNE pin, which is internally connected to the varactor. The VCO core uses a differential topology to provide a stable frequency versus supply voltage and improve the immunity to load variations. In addition, there is a buffer amplifier following the oscillator core to provide added isolation from load variations and to boost the output power. The tuning input is typically connected to the output of the PLL loop filter. The loop filter provides an appropriately low-impedance source. The input may incorporate an extra RC filter stage to reduce high-frequency noise and spurious signals. Any excess noise on the tuning input is directly translated into FM noise, which can degrade the phase-noise performance of the oscillator. Therefore, it is important to minimize the noise introduced on the tuning input. A simple RC filter with low corner frequency is needed during testing in order to filter the noise present on the voltage source driving the tuning line. Output Buffer Layout Issues The oscillator signal from the core drives an output buffer amplifier. The amplifier is internally matched to 50Ω including an on-chip DC blocking capacitor. No external DC blocking capacitor is required, eliminating the need for any external components. The output amplifier has its own VCC and GND pins to minimize load-pulling effects. The amplifier boosts the oscillator signal to a level suitable for driving most RF mixers. Always use controlled impedance lines (microstrip, coplanar waveguide, etc.) for high-frequency signals. Always place decoupling capacitors as close to the VCC pins as possible; for long VCC lines, it may be necessary to add additional decoupling capacitors located further from the device. Always provide a low-inductance path to ground, and keep GND vias as close to the device as possible. Thermal reliefs on GND pads are not recommended. _______________________________________________________________________________________ 5 MAX2750/MAX2751/MAX2752 BYP 0.1µF 2.4GHz Monolithic Voltage-Controlled Oscillators MAX2750/MAX2751/MAX2752 Pin Configuration Chip Information TRANSISTOR COUNT: 176 PROCESS: BiPOLAR TOP VIEW BYP 1 TUNE 2 GND 3 MAX2750 MAX2751 MAX2752 SHDN 4 8 GND 7 OUT 6 VCC2 5 VCC1 µMAX 8LUMAXD.EPS Package Information 6 _______________________________________________________________________________________