MAXIM MAX485

MAX481/MAX483/MAX485/
MAX487–MAX491/MAX1487
LE
AVAILAB
Low-Power, Slew-Rate-Limited
RS-485/RS-422 Transceivers
General Description
The MAX481, MAX483, MAX485, MAX487–MAX491, and
MAX1487 are low-power transceivers for RS-485 and RS422 communication. Each part contains one driver and one
receiver. The MAX483, MAX487, MAX488, and MAX489
feature reduced slew-rate drivers that minimize EMI and
reduce reflections caused by improperly terminated cables,
thus allowing error-free data transmission up to 250kbps.
The driver slew rates of the MAX481, MAX485, MAX490,
MAX491, and MAX1487 are not limited, allowing them to
transmit up to 2.5Mbps.
These transceivers draw between 120µA and 500µA of
supply current when unloaded or fully loaded with disabled
drivers. Additionally, the MAX481, MAX483, and MAX487
have a low-current shutdown mode in which they consume
only 0.1µA. All parts operate from a single 5V supply.
Drivers are short-circuit current limited and are protected
against excessive power dissipation by thermal shutdown
circuitry that places the driver outputs into a high-impedance state. The receiver input has a fail-safe feature that
guarantees a logic-high output if the input is open circuit.
The MAX487 and MAX1487 feature quarter-unit-load
receiver input impedance, allowing up to 128 MAX487/
MAX1487 transceivers on the bus. Full-duplex communications are obtained using the MAX488–MAX491, while
the MAX481, MAX483, MAX485, MAX487, and MAX1487
are designed for half-duplex applications.
________________________Applications
Low-Power RS-485 Transceivers
Low-Power RS-422 Transceivers
Functional Diagrams
Level Translators
__Next Generation Device Features
♦ For Fault-Tolerant Applications
MAX3430: ±80V Fault-Protected, Fail-Safe, 1/4
Unit Load, +3.3V, RS-485 Transceiver
MAX3440E–MAX3444E: ±15kV ESD-Protected,
±60V Fault-Protected, 10Mbps, Fail-Safe,
RS-485/J1708 Transceivers
♦ For Space-Constrained Applications
MAX3460–MAX3464: +5V, Fail-Safe, 20Mbps,
Profibus RS-485/RS-422 Transceivers
MAX3362: +3.3V, High-Speed, RS-485/RS-422
Transceiver in a SOT23 Package
MAX3280E–MAX3284E: ±15kV ESD-Protected,
52Mbps, +3V to +5.5V, SOT23, RS-485/RS-422,
True Fail-Safe Receivers
MAX3293/MAX3294/MAX3295: 20Mbps, +3.3V,
SOT23, RS-485/RS-422 Transmitters
♦ For Multiple Transceiver Applications
MAX3030E–MAX3033E: ±15kV ESD-Protected,
+3.3V, Quad RS-422 Transmitters
♦ For Fail-Safe Applications
MAX3080–MAX3089: Fail-Safe, High-Speed
(10Mbps), Slew-Rate-Limited RS-485/RS-422
Transceivers
♦ For Low-Voltage Applications
MAX3483E/MAX3485E/MAX3486E/MAX3488E/
MAX3490E/MAX3491E: +3.3V Powered, ±15kV
ESD-Protected, 12Mbps, Slew-Rate-Limited,
True RS-485/RS-422 Transceivers
Transceivers for EMI-Sensitive Applications
Industrial-Control Local Area Networks
Ordering Information appears at end of data sheet.
______________________________________________________________Selection Table
DATA
RATE
(Mbps)
SLEW-RATE
LIMITED
LOWRECEIVER/ QUIESCENT
POWER
DRIVER
CURRENT
SHUTDOWN
ENABLE
(μA)
NUMBER OF
RECEIVERS ON
BUS
PIN
COUNT
300
32
8
120
32
8
300
32
8
Yes
120
128
8
No
120
32
8
Yes
120
32
14
No
No
300
32
8
No
Yes
300
32
14
No
Yes
230
128
8
PART
NUMBER
HALF/FULL
DUPLEX
MAX481
Half
2.5
No
Yes
Yes
MAX483
Half
0.25
Yes
Yes
Yes
MAX485
Half
2.5
No
No
Yes
MAX487
Half
0.25
Yes
Yes
MAX488
Full
0.25
Yes
No
MAX489
Full
0.25
Yes
No
No
PinMAX490
Configurations Full
appear at end2.5
of data sheet.
Functional
continued at
sheet.
MAX491Diagrams
Full
2.5end of dataNo
UCSP
is a trademarkHalf
of Maxim Integrated
Products,
MAX1487
2.5
No Inc.
For pricing, delivery, and ordering information, please contact Maxim Direct
at 1-888-629-4642, or visit Maxim’s website at www.maximintegrated.com.
19-0122; Rev 9; 9/09
MAX481/MAX483/MAX485/
MAX487–MAX491/MAX1487
Low-Power, Slew-Rate-Limited
RS-485/RS-422 Transceivers
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
Supply Voltage (VCC) .............................................................12V
Control Input Voltage (RE, DE)...................-0.5V to (VCC + 0.5V)
Driver Input Voltage (DI).............................-0.5V to (VCC + 0.5V)
Driver Output Voltage (A, B)...................................-8V to +12.5V
Receiver Input Voltage (A, B).................................-8V to +12.5V
Receiver Output Voltage (RO)....................-0.5V to (VCC + 0.5V)
Continuous Power Dissipation (TA = +70°C)
8-Pin Plastic DIP (derate 9.09mW/°C above +70°C) ....727mW
14-Pin Plastic DIP (derate 10.00mW/°C above +70°C) ..800mW
8-Pin SO (derate 5.88mW/°C above +70°C).................471mW
14-Pin SO (derate 8.33mW/°C above +70°C)...............667mW
8-Pin µMAX (derate 4.1mW/°C above +70°C) ..............830mW
8-Pin CERDIP (derate 8.00mW/°C above +70°C).........640mW
14-Pin CERDIP (derate 9.09mW/°C above +70°C).......727mW
Operating Temperature Ranges
MAX4_ _C_ _/MAX1487C_ A ...............................0°C to +70°C
MAX4_ _E_ _/MAX1487E_ A .............................-40°C to +85°C
MAX4_ _MJ_/MAX1487MJA ...........................-55°C to +125°C
Storage Temperature Range .............................-65°C to +160°C
Lead Temperature (soldering, 10sec) .............................+300°C
Stresses beyond those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional
operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specifications is not implied. Exposure to
absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.
DC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
(VCC = 5V ±5%, TA = TMIN to TMAX, unless otherwise noted.) (Notes 1, 2)
PARAMETER
SYMBOL
Differential Driver Output (no load)
VOD1
Differential Driver Output
(with load)
Change in Magnitude of Driver
Differential Output Voltage for
Complementary Output States
Driver Common-Mode Output
Voltage
Change in Magnitude of Driver
Common-Mode Output Voltage
for Complementary Output States
VOD2
CONDITIONS
R = 50Ω (RS-422)
TYP
MAX
UNITS
5
V
2
R = 27Ω (RS-485), Figure 4
1.5
5
V
ΔVOD
R = 27Ω or 50Ω, Figure 4
0.2
V
VOC
R = 27Ω or 50Ω, Figure 4
3
V
ΔVOD
R = 27Ω or 50Ω, Figure 4
0.2
V
Input High Voltage
VIH
DE, DI, RE
Input Low Voltage
VIL
DE, DI, RE
0.8
V
Input Current
IIN1
DE, DI, RE
±2
µA
IIN2
DE = 0V;
VCC = 0V or 5.25V,
all devices except
MAX487/MAX1487
Input Current
(A, B)
MAX487/MAX1487,
DE = 0V, VCC = 0V or 5.25V
Receiver Differential Threshold
Voltage
VTH
2.0
V
VIN = 12V
1.0
VIN = -7V
-0.8
VIN = 12V
0.25
VIN = -7V
-0.2
mA
-7V ≤ VCM ≤ 12V
-0.2
0.2
mA
V
Receiver Input Hysteresis
ΔVTH
VCM = 0V
Receiver Output High Voltage
VOH
IO = -4mA, VID = 200mV
Receiver Output Low Voltage
VOL
IO = 4mA, VID = -200mV
0.4
V
Three-State (high impedance)
Output Current at Receiver
IOZR
0.4V ≤ VO ≤ 2.4V
±1
µA
Receiver Input Resistance
2
MIN
70
mV
3.5
V
-7V ≤ VCM ≤ 12V, all devices except
MAX487/MAX1487
12
kΩ
-7V ≤ VCM ≤ 12V, MAX487/MAX1487
48
kΩ
RIN
Maxim Integrated
MAX481/MAX483/MAX485
MAX487–MAX491/MAX1487
Low-Power, Slew-Rate-Limited
RS-485/RS-422 Transceivers
DC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued)
(VCC = 5V ±5%, TA = TMIN to TMAX, unless otherwise noted.) (Notes 1, 2)
PARAMETER
No-Load Supply Current
(Note 3)
SYMBOL
ICC
TYP
MAX
MAX488/MAX489,
DE, DI, RE = 0V or VCC
CONDITIONS
MIN
120
250
MAX490/MAX491,
DE, DI, RE = 0V or VCC
300
500
UNITS
MAX481/MAX485,
RE = 0V or VCC
DE = VCC
500
900
DE = 0V
300
500
MAX1487,
RE = 0V or VCC
DE = VCC
300
500
DE = 0V
230
400
MAX483
350
650
MAX487
250
120
0.1
400
250
10
µA
MAX483/MAX487,
RE = 0V or VCC
DE = 5V
µA
Supply Current in Shutdown
ISHDN
DE = 0V
MAX481/483/487, DE = 0V, RE = VCC
Driver Short-Circuit Current,
VO = High
IOSD1
-7V ≤ VO ≤12V (Note 4)
35
250
mA
Driver Short-Circuit Current,
VO = Low
IOSD2
-7V ≤ VO ≤12V (Note 4)
35
250
mA
Receiver Short-Circuit Current
IOSR
0V ≤ VO ≤ VCC
7
95
mA
MAX
60
60
10
40
25
40
70
70
70
70
200
150
200
UNITS
SWITCHING CHARACTERISTICS—MAX481/MAX485, MAX490/MAX491, MAX1487
(VCC = 5V ±5%, TA = TMIN to TMAX, unless otherwise noted.) (Notes 1, 2)
PARAMETER
Driver Input to Output
Driver Output Skew to Output
Driver Rise or Fall Time
Driver Enable to Output High
Driver Enable to Output Low
Driver Disable Time from Low
Driver Disable Time from High
Receiver Input to Output
| tPLH - tPHL | Differential
Receiver Skew
Receiver Enable to Output Low
Receiver Enable to Output High
Receiver Disable Time from Low
Receiver Disable Time from High
Maximum Data Rate
Time to Shutdown
Maxim Integrated
SYMBOL
CONDITIONS
tPLH
Figures 6 and 8, RDIFF = 54Ω,
CL1 = CL2 = 100pF
tPHL
tSKEW
Figures 6 and 8, RDIFF = 54Ω, CL1 = CL2 = 100pF
MIN
10
10
MAX481, MAX485, MAX1487
Figures 6 and 8,
tR, tF
RDIFF = 54Ω,
MAX490C/E, MAX491C/E
CL1 = CL2 = 100pF MAX490M, MAX491M
tZH
Figures 7 and 9, CL = 100pF, S2 closed
tZL
Figures 7 and 9, CL = 100pF, S1 closed
tLZ
Figures 7 and 9, CL = 15pF, S1 closed
tHZ
Figures 7 and 9, CL = 15pF, S2 closed
Figures 6 and 10, MAX481, MAX485, MAX1487
MAX490C/E, MAX491C/E
tPLH, tPHL RDIFF = 54Ω,
CL1 = CL2 = 100pF MAX490M, MAX491M
3
5
3
20
20
20
TYP
30
30
5
15
15
15
40
40
40
40
90
90
90
tSKD
Figures 6 and 10, RDIFF = 54Ω,
CL1 = CL2 = 100pF
13
tZL
tZH
tLZ
tHZ
Figures 5 and 11, CRL = 15pF, S1 closed
Figures 5 and 11, CRL = 15pF, S2 closed
Figures 5 and 11, CRL = 15pF, S1 closed
Figures 5 and 11, CRL = 15pF, S2 closed
20
20
20
20
50
50
50
50
200
600
fMAX
tSHDN
MAX481 (Note 5)
2.5
50
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
Mbps
ns
3
MAX481/MAX483/MAX485/
MAX487–MAX491/MAX1487
Low-Power, Slew-Rate-Limited
RS-485/RS-422 Transceivers
SWITCHING CHARACTERISTICS—MAX481/MAX485, MAX490/MAX491, MAX1487 (continued)
(VCC = 5V ±5%, TA = TMIN to TMAX, unless otherwise noted.) (Notes 1, 2)
PARAMETER
SYMBOL
CONDITIONS
MIN
TYP
MAX
UNITS
Driver Enable from Shutdown to
tZH(SHDN)
Output High (MAX481)
Figures 7 and 9, CL = 100pF, S2 closed
40
100
ns
Driver Enable from Shutdown to
tZL(SHDN)
Output Low (MAX481)
Figures 7 and 9, CL = 100pF, S1 closed
40
100
ns
Receiver Enable from Shutdown
tZH(SHDN)
to Output High (MAX481)
Figures 5 and 11, CL = 15pF, S2 closed,
A - B = 2V
300
1000
ns
Receiver Enable from Shutdown
tZL(SHDN)
to Output Low (MAX481)
Figures 5 and 11, CL = 15pF, S1 closed,
B - A = 2V
300
1000
ns
MIN
250
TYP
800
MAX
2000
UNITS
250
800
2000
100
800
ns
SWITCHING CHARACTERISTICS—MAX483, MAX487/MAX488/MAX489
(VCC = 5V ±5%, TA = TMIN to TMAX, unless otherwise noted.) (Notes 1, 2)
PARAMETER
Driver Input to Output
tPHL
CONDITIONS
Figures 6 and 8, RDIFF = 54Ω,
CL1 = CL2 = 100pF
ns
Driver Output Skew to Output
tSKEW
Figures 6 and 8, RDIFF = 54Ω,
CL1 = CL2 = 100pF
Driver Rise or Fall Time
tR, tF
Figures 6 and 8, RDIFF = 54Ω,
CL1 = CL2 = 100pF
250
2000
ns
Driver Enable to Output High
tZH
Figures 7 and 9, CL = 100pF, S2 closed
250
2000
ns
Driver Enable to Output Low
tZL
Figures 7 and 9, CL = 100pF, S1 closed
250
2000
ns
Driver Disable Time from Low
tLZ
Figures 7 and 9, CL = 15pF, S1 closed
300
3000
ns
tHZ
Figures 7 and 9, CL = 15pF, S2 closed
300
3000
ns
tPLH
Figures 6 and 10, RDIFF = 54Ω,
CL1 = CL2 = 100pF
250
2000
250
2000
Driver Disable Time from High
Receiver Input to Output
I tPLH - tPHL I Differential
Receiver Skew
tPHL
tSKD
Figures 6 and 10, RDIFF = 54Ω,
CL1 = CL2 = 100pF
100
ns
ns
Receiver Enable to Output Low
tZL
Figures 5 and 11, CRL = 15pF, S1 closed
20
50
ns
Receiver Enable to Output High
tZH
Figures 5 and 11, CRL = 15pF, S2 closed
20
50
ns
Receiver Disable Time from Low
tLZ
Figures 5 and 11, CRL = 15pF, S1 closed
20
50
ns
tHZ
Figures 5 and 11, CRL = 15pF, S2 closed
20
50
Receiver Disable Time from High
Maximum Data Rate
fMAX
tPLH, tPHL < 50% of data period
250
Time to Shutdown
tSHDN
MAX483/MAX487 (Note 5)
50
Driver Enable from Shutdown to
Output High
Driver Enable from Shutdown to
Output Low
Receiver Enable from Shutdown
to Output High
Receiver Enable from Shutdown
to Output Low
4
SYMBOL
tPLH
tZH(SHDN)
tZL(SHDN)
tZH(SHDN)
tZL(SHDN)
MAX483/MAX487, Figures 7 and 9,
CL = 100pF, S2 closed
MAX483/MAX487, Figures 7 and 9,
CL = 100pF, S1 closed
MAX483/MAX487, Figures 5 and 11,
CL = 15pF, S2 closed
MAX483/MAX487, Figures 5 and 11,
CL = 15pF, S1 closed
ns
kbps
200
600
ns
2000
ns
2000
ns
2500
ns
2500
ns
Maxim Integrated
MAX481/MAX483/MAX485
MAX487–MAX491/MAX1487
Low-Power, Slew-Rate-Limited
RS-485/RS-422 Transceivers
NOTES FOR ELECTRICAL/SWITCHING CHARACTERISTICS
Note 1: All currents into device pins are positive; all currents out of device pins are negative. All voltages are referenced to device
ground unless otherwise specified.
Note 2: All typical specifications are given for VCC = 5V and TA = +25°C.
Note 3: Supply current specification is valid for loaded transmitters when DE = 0V.
Note 4: Applies to peak current. See Typical Operating Characteristics.
Note 5: The MAX481/MAX483/MAX487 are put into shutdown by bringing RE high and DE low. If the inputs are in this state for less
than 50ns, the parts are guaranteed not to enter shutdown. If the inputs are in this state for at least 600ns, the parts are
guaranteed to have entered shutdown. See Low-Power Shutdown Mode (MAX481/MAX483/MAX487) section.
__________________________________________Typical Operating Characteristics
(VCC = 5V, TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.)
-18
OUTPUT CURRENT (mA)
30
25
20
15
-14
-12
-10
-8
-6
4.4
4.2
4.0
3.8
3.6
10
-4
3.4
5
-2
3.2
0
3.0
0
0.5
0
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
IRO = 8mA
4.6
OUTPUT HIGH VOLTAGE (V)
-16
35
4.8
MAX481-02
40
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
3.5
4.0
4.5
-50
5.0
-25
0
25
50
75
100
125
OUTPUT HIGH VOLTAGE (V)
TEMPERATURE (°C)
RECEIVER OUTPUT LOW VOLTAGE vs.
TEMPERATURE
DRIVER OUTPUT CURRENT vs.
DIFFERENTIAL OUTPUT VOLTAGE
DRIVER DIFFERENTIAL OUTPUT VOLTAGE
vs. TEMPERATURE
OUTPUT CURRENT (mA)
0.7
80
0.6
0.5
0.4
0.3
70
60
50
40
30
0.2
20
0.1
10
0
0
-50
-25
0
25
50
75
TEMPERATURE (°C)
Maxim Integrated
100
125
2.4
DIFFERENTIAL OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V)
IRO = 8mA
0.8
90
MAX481-04
0.9
R = 54Ω
2.3
MAX481-06
OUTPUT LOW VOLTAGE (V)
MAX481-05
OUTPUT CURRENT (mA)
-20
MAX481-01
45
OUTPUT LOW VOLTAGE (V)
RECEIVER OUTPUT HIGH VOLTAGE vs.
TEMPERATURE
OUTPUT CURRENT vs.
RECEIVER OUTPUT HIGH VOLTAGE
MAX481-03
OUTPUT CURRENT vs.
RECEIVER OUTPUT LOW VOLTAGE
2.2
2.1
2.0
1.9
1.8
1.7
1.6
1.5
0
0.5
1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5
DIFFERENTIAL OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V)
-50
-25
0
25
50
75
100
125
TEMPERATURE (°C)
5
MAX481/MAX483/MAX485/
MAX487–MAX491/MAX1487
Low-Power, Slew-Rate-Limited
RS-485/RS-422 Transceivers
____________________________Typical Operating Characteristics (continued)
(VCC = 5V, TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.)
OUTPUT CURRENT vs.
DRIVER OUTPUT HIGH VOLTAGE
600
MAX481-08
120
MAX481/MAX485; DE = VCC, RE = X
-100
100
80
60
40
20
500
SUPPLY CURRENT (μA)
OUTPUT CURRENT (mA)
OUTPUT CURRENT (mA)
-120
MAX481-07
140
MAX481/MAX485/MAX490/MAX491
SUPPLY CURRENT vs. TEMPERATURE
MAX481-11
OUTPUT CURRENT vs.
DRIVER OUTPUT LOW VOLTAGE
-80
-60
-40
400
300
MAX485; DE = 0, RE = X,
MAX481; DE = RE = 0
MAX490/MAX491; DE = RE = X
200
-20
100
0
0
MAX481; DE = 0, RE = VCC
0
2
4
6
8
12
10
-7 -6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0
OUTPUT LOW VOLTAGE (V)
1
3
2
-25
50
25
75
100
125
TEMPERATURE (°C)
600
MAX481-12
600
0
MAX1487
SUPPLY CURRENT vs. TEMPERATURE
MAX483/MAX487–MAX489
SUPPLY CURRENT vs. TEMPERATURE
500
400
SUPPLY CURRENT (μA)
500
SUPPLY CURRENT (μA)
-50
4 5
OUTPUT HIGH VOLTAGE (V)
MAX481-13
0
MAX483; DE = VCC, RE = X
300
MAX487; DE = VCC, RE = X
200
MAX483/MAX487; DE = RE = 0,
MAX488/MAX489; DE = RE = X
400
300
MAX1487; DE = VCC, RE = X
200
MAX1487; DE = 0V, RE = X
100
100
MAX483/MAX487; DE = 0, RE = VCC
0
0
-50
-25
0
25
50
75
TEMPERATURE (°C)
6
100
125
-60 -40 -20
0
20 40
60 80 100 120 140
TEMPERATURE (°C)
Maxim Integrated
MAX481/MAX483/MAX485
MAX487–MAX491/MAX1487
Low-Power, Slew-Rate-Limited
RS-485/RS-422 Transceivers
______________________________________________________________Pin Description
PIN
MAX481/MAX483/
MAX485/MAX487/
MAX1487
MAX488/
MAX490
MAX489/
MAX491
NAME
NAME
FUNCTION
FUNCTION
DIP/SO
µMAX
DIP/SO
µMAX
DIP/SO
1
3
2
4
2
RO
Receiver Output: If A > B by 200mV, RO will be high;
If A < B by 200mV, RO will be low.
2
4
—
—
3
RE
Receiver Output Enable. RO is enabled when RE is low; RO is
high impedance when RE is high.
3
5
—
—
4
DE
Driver Output Enable. The driver outputs, Y and Z, are enabled
by bringing DE high. They are high impedance when DE is low. If
the driver outputs are enabled, the parts function as line drivers.
While they are high impedance, they function as line receivers if
RE is low.
4
6
3
5
5
DI
Driver Input. A low on DI forces output Y low and output Z high.
Similarly, a high on DI forces output Y high and output Z low.
5
7
4
6
6, 7
GND
—
—
5
7
9
Y
Noninverting Driver Output
—
—
6
8
10
Z
Inverting Driver Output
6
8
—
—
—
A
Noninverting Receiver Input and Noninverting Driver Output
—
—
8
2
12
A
Noninverting Receiver Input
7
1
—
—
—
B
Inverting Receiver Input and Inverting Driver Output
—
—
7
1
11
B
Inverting Receiver Input
8
2
1
3
14
VCC
Positive Supply: 4.75V ≤ VCC ≤ 5.25V
—
—
—
—
1, 8, 13
N.C.
No Connect—not internally connected
Ground
TOP VIEW
RO
1
R
8
VCC
RE 2
7
B
DE 3
6
A
5
GND
DI 4
D
1
VCC
2
RO
3
RE 4
μMAX
R
DE 3
8
MAX481
MAX483
MAX485
MAX487
MAX1487
1
RE 2
DIP/SO
B
RO
A
7
GND
6
DI
5
DE
DI 4
D
8 VCC
7 B
Rt
6
A
5 GND
MAX481
MAX483
MAX485
MAX487
MAX1487
DE
D
DI
B
Rt
A
RO
R
RE
NOTE: PIN LABELS Y AND Z ON TIMING, TEST, AND WAVEFORM DIAGRAMS REFER TO PINS A AND B WHEN DE IS HIGH.
TYPICAL OPERATING CIRCUIT SHOWN WITH DIP/SO PACKAGE.
Figure 1. MAX481/MAX483/MAX485/MAX487/MAX1487 Pin Configuration and Typical Operating Circuit
Maxim Integrated
7
MAX481/MAX483/MAX485/
MAX487–MAX491/MAX1487
Low-Power, Slew-Rate-Limited
RS-485/RS-422 Transceivers
TOP VIEW
VCC
VCC
8
A
RO 2
7
B
DI 3
6
Z
5
Y
VCC 1
GND 4
R
D
MAX488
MAX490
1
5 Y
DI
3
Rt
D
6 Z
R
RO
DIP/SO
8 A
B
1
A
2
VCC
3
RO
4
8
MAX488
MAX490
RO
Z
7
Y
6
GND
5
DI
2
Rt
R
D
7
DI
B
4
GND
μMAX
GND
NOTE: TYPICAL OPERATING CIRCUIT SHOWN WITH DIP/SO PACKAGE.
Figure 2. MAX488/MAX490 Pin Configuration and Typical Operating Circuit
TOP VIEW
DE
4
N.C. 1
RO 2
14 V CC
R
13 N.C.
RE 3
12 A
DE 4
11 B
DI 5
10 Z
GND 6
D
GND 7
9
Y
8
N.C.
VCC RE
VCC
14
MAX489
MAX491
9
DI
5
Y
Rt
D
10
RO
R
Z
12
RO
2
R
A
Rt
D
11
DI
B
NC
1, 8, 13
3
DIP/SO
6, 7
RE GND
GND
DE
Figure 3. MAX489/MAX491 Pin Configuration and Typical Operating Circuit
__________Applications Information
The MAX481/MAX483/MAX485/MAX487–MAX491 and
MAX1487 are low-power transceivers for RS-485 and RS422 communications. The MAX481, MAX485, MAX490,
MAX491, and MAX1487 can transmit and receive at data
rates up to 2.5Mbps, while the MAX483, MAX487,
MAX488, and MAX489 are specified for data rates up to
250kbps. The MAX488–MAX491 are full-duplex transceivers while the MAX481, MAX483, MAX485, MAX487,
and MAX1487 are half-duplex. In addition, Driver Enable
(DE) and Receiver Enable (RE) pins are included on the
MAX481, MAX483, MAX485, MAX487, MAX489,
MAX491, and MAX1487. When disabled, the driver and
receiver outputs are high impedance.
8
MAX487/MAX1487:
128 Transceivers on the Bus
The 48kΩ, 1/4-unit-load receiver input impedance of the
MAX487 and MAX1487 allows up to 128 transceivers
on a bus, compared to the 1-unit load (12kΩ input
impedance) of standard RS-485 drivers (32 transceivers maximum). Any combination of MAX487/
MAX1487 and other RS-485 transceivers with a total of
32 unit loads or less can be put on the bus. The
MAX481/MAX483/MAX485 and MAX488–MAX491 have
standard 12kΩ Receiver Input impedance.
Maxim Integrated
MAX481/MAX483/MAX485
MAX487–MAX491/MAX1487
Low-Power, Slew-Rate-Limited
RS-485/RS-422 Transceivers
_________________________________________________________________Test Circuits
Y
R
TEST POINT
RECEIVER
OUTPUT
CRL
15pF
VOD
R
1kΩ
VCC
S1
1kΩ
VOC
S2
Z
Figure 4. Driver DC Test Load
3V
DE
CL1
Y
DI
Figure 5. Receiver Timing Test Load
500Ω
A
RDIFF
VID
RO
B
Z
S1
VCC
OUTPUT
UNDER TEST
CL
S2
RE
CL2
Figure 6. Driver/Receiver Timing Test Circuit
MAX483/MAX487/MAX488/MAX489:
Reduced EMI and Reflections
The MAX483 and MAX487–MAX489 are slew-rate limited, minimizing EMI and reducing reflections caused by
improperly terminated cables. Figure 12 shows the driver output waveform and its Fourier analysis of a
150kHz signal transmitted by a MAX481, MAX485,
MAX490, MAX491, or MAX1487. High-frequency har-
Maxim Integrated
Figure 7. Driver Timing Test Load
monics with large amplitudes are evident. Figure 13
shows the same information displayed for a MAX483,
MAX487, MAX488, or MAX489 transmitting under the
same conditions. Figure 13’s high-frequency harmonics
have much lower amplitudes, and the potential for EMI
is significantly reduced.
9
MAX481/MAX483/MAX485/
MAX487–MAX491/MAX1487
Low-Power, Slew-Rate-Limited
RS-485/RS-422 Transceivers
_______________________________________________________Switching Waveforms
3V
3V
DI
1.5V
DE
1.5V
0V
1.5V
1.5V
0V
tPHL
tPLH
1/2 VO
tLZ
tZL(SHDN), tZL
Y, Z
Z
VO
1/2 VO
VO
VDIFF 0V
-VO
2.3V OUTPUT NORMALLY LOW
VOL
Y
VDIFF = V (Y) - V (Z)
VOH - 0.5V
2.3V
90%
tR
OUTPUT NORMALLY HIGH
Y, Z
90%
10%
VOL + 0.5V
0V
10%
tZH(SHDN), tZH
tF
tHZ
tSKEW = | tPLH - tPHL |
Figure 8. Driver Propagation Delays
Figure 9. Driver Enable and Disable Times (except MAX488 and
MAX490)
3V
RE
1.5V
1.5V
0V
RO
A-B
VOH
1.5V
VOL
tPHL
VID
-VID
0V
VCC
RO
tPLH
1.5V OUTPUT NORMALLY LOW
0V
INPUT
tLZ
tZL(SHDN), tZL
1.5V
OUTPUT
VOL + 0.5V
OUTPUT NORMALLY HIGH
RO
VOH - 0.5V
1.5V
0V
tZH(SHDN), tZH
tHZ
Figure 11. Receiver Enable and Disable Times (except MAX488
and MAX490)
Figure 10. Receiver Propagation Delays
_________________Function Tables (MAX481/MAX483/MAX485/MAX487/MAX1487)
Table 1. Transmitting
Table 2. Receiving
INPUTS
OUTPUTS
OUTPUT
RE
DE
DI
Z
Y
RE
DE
A-B
RO
X
1
1
0
1
0
0
> +0.2V
1
X
1
0
1
0
0
0
< -0.2V
0
0
0
X
High-Z
High-Z
0
0
Inputs open
1
1
0
X
High-Z*
High-Z*
1
0
X
High-Z*
X = Don’t care
High-Z = High impedance
*Shutdown mode for MAX481/MAX483/MAX487
10
INPUTS
X = Don’t care
High-Z = High impedance
*Shutdown mode for MAX481/MAX483/MAX487
Maxim Integrated
MAX481/MAX483/MAX485
MAX487–MAX491/MAX1487
Low-Power, Slew-Rate-Limited
RS-485/RS-422 Transceivers
10dB/div
10dB/div
0Hz
5MHz
500kHz/div
Figure 12. Driver Output Waveform and FFT Plot of MAX481/
MAX485/MAX490/MAX491/MAX1487 Transmitting a 150kHz
Signal
Low-Power Shutdown Mode
(MAX481/MAX483/MAX487)
A low-power shutdown mode is initiated by bringing
both RE high and DE low. The devices will not shut
down unless both the driver and receiver are disabled.
In shutdown, the devices typically draw only 0.1µA of
supply current.
RE and DE may be driven simultaneously; the parts are
guaranteed not to enter shutdown if RE is high and DE
is low for less than 50ns. If the inputs are in this state
for at least 600ns, the parts are guaranteed to enter
shutdown.
For the MAX481, MAX483, and MAX487, the tZH and
tZL enable times assume the part was not in the lowpower shutdown state (the MAX485/MAX488–MAX491
and MAX1487 can not be shut down). The tZH(SHDN)
and tZL(SHDN) enable times assume the parts were shut
down (see Electrical Characteristics).
It takes the drivers and receivers longer to become
enabled from the low-power shutdown state
(tZH(SHDN), tZL(SHDN)) than from the operating mode
–—–
(tZH, tZL). (The parts are in operating mode if the RE ,
DE inputs equal a logical 0,1 or 1,1 or 0, 0.)
Maxim Integrated
0Hz
5MHz
500kHz/div
Figure 13. Driver Output Waveform and FFT Plot of MAX483/
MAX487–MAX489 Transmitting a 150kHz Signal
Driver Output Protection
Excessive output current and power dissipation caused
by faults or by bus contention are prevented by two
mechanisms. A foldback current limit on the output
stage provides immediate protection against short circuits over the whole common-mode voltage range (see
Typical Operating Characteristics). In addition, a thermal shutdown circuit forces the driver outputs into a
high-impedance state if the die temperature rises
excessively.
Propagation Delay
Many digital encoding schemes depend on the difference between the driver and receiver propagation
delay times. Typical propagation delays are shown in
Figures 15–18 using Figure 14’s test circuit.
The difference in receiver delay times, | tPLH - tPHL |, is
typically under 13ns for the MAX481, MAX485,
MAX490, MAX491, and MAX1487 and is typically less
than 100ns for the MAX483 and MAX487–MAX489.
The driver skew times are typically 5ns (10ns max) for
the MAX481, MAX485, MAX490, MAX491, and
MAX1487, and are typically 100ns (800ns max) for the
MAX483 and MAX487–MAX489.
11
MAX481/MAX483/MAX485/
MAX487–MAX491/MAX1487
Low-Power, Slew-Rate-Limited
RS-485/RS-422 Transceivers
100pF
Z
TTL IN
tR, tF < 6ns
B
R
D
Y
R = 54Ω
RECEIVER
OUT
A
100pF
Figure 14. Receiver Propagation Delay Test Circuit
A
B
VCC = 5V
TA = +25°C
500mV/div
B
VCC = 5V
TA = +25°C
500mV/div
A
RO
2V/div
2V/div
RO
20ns/div
20ns/div
Figure 15. MAX481/MAX485/MAX490/MAX491/MAX1487
Receiver tPHL
A
B
500mV/div
VCC = 5V
TA = +25°C
B
500mV/div
VCC = 5V
TA = +25°C
A
RO
2V/div
2V/div
RO
400ns/div
Figure 17. MAX483, MAX487–MAX489 Receiver tPHL
12
Figure 16. MAX481/MAX485/MAX490/MAX491/MAX1487
Receiver tPLH
400ns/div
Figure 18. MAX483, MAX487–MAX489 Receiver tPLH
Maxim Integrated
MAX481/MAX483/MAX485
MAX487–MAX491/MAX1487
Low-Power, Slew-Rate-Limited
RS-485/RS-422 Transceivers
Line Length vs. Data Rate
The RS-485/RS-422 standard covers line lengths up to
4000 feet. For line lengths greater than 4000 feet, see
Figure 23.
Figures 19 and 20 show the system differential voltage
for the parts driving 4000 feet of 26AWG twisted-pair
wire at 110kHz into 120Ω loads.
Typical Applications
The MAX481, MAX483, MAX485, MAX487–MAX491, and
MAX1487 transceivers are designed for bidirectional data
communications on multipoint bus transmission lines.
Figures 21 and 22 show typical network applications
circuits. These parts can also be used as line
repeaters, with cable lengths longer than 4000 feet, as
shown in Figure 23.
To minimize reflections, the line should be terminated at
both ends in its characteristic impedance, and stub
lengths off the main line should be kept as short as possible. The slew-rate-limited MAX483 and MAX487–MAX489
are more tolerant of imperfect termination.
5V
DI
5V
DI
0V
0V
1V
VY-VZ
1V
VY-VZ
0V
0V
-1V
-1V
5V
RO
5V
RO
0V
0V
2μs/div
2μs/div
Figure 19. MAX481/MAX485/MAX490/MAX491/MAX1487 System
Differential Voltage at 110kHz Driving 4000ft of Cable
Figure 20. MAX483, MAX487–MAX489 System Differential
Voltage at 110kHz Driving 4000ft of Cable
120Ω
120Ω
B
DI
DE
B
D
D
DI
DE
RO
RE
A
B
A
B
A
A
R
R
RO
RE
R
MAX481
MAX483
MAX485
MAX487
MAX1487
R
D
D
DI
DE
RO RE
DI
DE
RO RE
Figure 21. MAX481/MAX483/MAX485/MAX487/MAX1487 Typical Half-Duplex RS-485 Network
Maxim Integrated
13
MAX481/MAX483/MAX485/
MAX487–MAX491/MAX1487
Low-Power, Slew-Rate-Limited
RS-485/RS-422 Transceivers
A
R
RO
RE
Y
120Ω
120Ω
D
B
Z
Z
B
DI
DE
DE
DI
120Ω
120Ω
D
Y
Z
Y
B
A
Y
Z
R
A
DE RE RO
A
R
D
D
DI
B
RE
RO
R
DI
MAX488–MAX491
DE RE RO
NOTE: RE AND DE ON MAX489/MAX491 ONLY.
Figure 22. MAX488–MAX491 Full-Duplex RS-485 Network
Isolated RS-485
MAX488–MAX491
For isolated RS-485 applications, see the MAX253 and
MAX1480 data sheets.
A
RO
RE
DE
R
120Ω
DATA IN
120Ω
DATA OUT
B
Z
DI
D
Y
NOTE: RE AND DE ON MAX489/MAX491 ONLY.
Figure 23. Line Repeater for MAX488–MAX491
14
Maxim Integrated
MAX481/MAX483/MAX485
MAX487–MAX491/MAX1487
Low-Power, Slew-Rate-Limited
RS-485/RS-422 Transceivers
_______________Ordering Information
__Ordering Information (continued)
PART
MAX481CPA
TEMP. RANGE
0°C to +70°C
8 Plastic DIP
MAX481CSA
0°C to +70°C
8 SO
MAX481CUA
0°C to +70°C
8 µMAX
MAX481C/D
0°C to +70°C
Dice*
MAX481EPA
-40°C to +85°C
8 Plastic DIP
MAX481ESA
MAX481MJA
MAX483CPA
-40°C to +85°C
-55°C to +125°C
0°C to +70°C
8 SO
8 CERDIP
8 Plastic DIP
MAX483CSA
0°C to +70°C
MAX483CUA
MAX483C/D
MAX483EPA
MAX483ESA
MAX483MJA
MAX485CPA
MAX485CSA
MAX485CUA
MAX485C/D
MAX485EPA
MAX485ESA
MAX485MJA
MAX487CPA
MAX487CSA
MAX487CUA
MAX487C/D
MAX487EPA
MAX487ESA
MAX487MJA
MAX488CPA
MAX488CSA
MAX488CUA
MAX488C/D
MAX488EPA
MAX488ESA
MAX488MJA
MAX489CPD
MAX489CSD
MAX489C/D
MAX489EPD
MAX489ESD
MAX489MJD
0°C to +70°C
0°C to +70°C
-40°C to +85°C
-40°C to +85°C
-55°C to +125°C
0°C to +70°C
0°C to +70°C
0°C to +70°C
0°C to +70°C
-40°C to +85°C
-40°C to +85°C
-55°C to +125°C
0°C to +70°C
0°C to +70°C
0°C to +70°C
0°C to +70°C
-40°C to +85°C
-40°C to +85°C
-55°C to +125°C
0°C to +70°C
0°C to +70°C
0°C to +70°C
0°C to +70°C
-40°C to +85°C
-40°C to +85°C
-55°C to +125°C
0°C to +70°C
0°C to +70°C
0°C to +70°C
-40°C to +85°C
-40°C to +85°C
-55°C to +125°C
PART
MAX490CPA
MAX490CSA
MAX490CUA
MAX490C/D
MAX490EPA
MAX490ESA
MAX490MJA
MAX491CPD
MAX491CSD
MAX491C/D
MAX491EPD
MAX491ESD
MAX491MJD
MAX1487CPA
MAX1487CSA
MAX1487CUA
MAX1487C/D
MAX1487EPA
MAX1487ESA
MAX1487MJA
Maxim Integrated
PIN-PACKAGE
8 SO
8 µMAX
Dice*
8 Plastic DIP
8 SO
8 CERDIP
8 Plastic DIP
8 SO
8 µMAX
Dice*
8 Plastic DIP
8 SO
8 CERDIP
8 Plastic DIP
8 SO
8 µMAX
Dice*
8 Plastic DIP
8 SO
8 CERDIP
8 Plastic DIP
8 SO
8 µMAX
Dice*
8 Plastic DIP
8 SO
8 CERDIP
14 Plastic DIP
14 SO
Dice*
14 Plastic DIP
14 SO
14 CERDIP
TEMP. RANGE
0°C to +70°C
0°C to +70°C
0°C to +70°C
0°C to +70°C
-40°C to +85°C
-40°C to +85°C
-55°C to +125°C
0°C to +70°C
0°C to +70°C
0°C to +70°C
-40°C to +85°C
-40°C to +85°C
-55°C to +125°C
0°C to +70°C
0°C to +70°C
0°C to +70°C
0°C to +70°C
-40°C to +85°C
-40°C to +85°C
-55°C to +125°C
PIN-PACKAGE
8 Plastic DIP
8 SO
8 µMAX
Dice*
8 Plastic DIP
8 SO
8 CERDIP
14 Plastic DIP
14 SO
Dice*
14 Plastic DIP
14 SO
14 CERDIP
8 Plastic DIP
8 SO
8 µMAX
Dice*
8 Plastic DIP
8 SO
8 CERDIP
*Contact factory for dice specifications.
_________________Chip Topographies
MAX481/MAX483/MAX485/MAX487/MAX1487
V CC
N.C.
RO
N.C.
RE
B
0.054"
(1.372mm)
DE
A
DI
GND
0.080"
(2.032mm)
15
MAX481/MAX483/MAX485/
MAX487–MAX491/MAX1487
Low-Power, Slew-Rate-Limited
RS-485/RS-422 Transceivers
_____________________________________________Chip Topographies (continued)
MAX489/MAX491
MAX488/MAX490
V CC
V CC
B
N.C.
0.054"
Z
(1.372mm)
RE
Y
DI
B
Z
0.054"
(1.372mm)
DE
N.C.
DI
A
RO
A
RO
Y
GND
GND
0.080"
(2.032mm)
0.080"
(2.032mm)
TRANSISTOR COUNT: 248
SUBSTRATE CONNECTED TO GND
Package Information
For the latest package outline information and land patterns, go to www.maxim-ic.com/packages. Note that a “+”, “#”, or “-” in the
package code indicates RoHS status only. Package drawings may show a different suffix character, but the drawing pertains to the
package regardless of RoHS status.
16
PACKAGE TYPE
PACKAGE CODE
DOCUMENT NO.
8 Plastic DIP
P8-1
21-0043
8 SO
S8-2
21-0041
8 µMAX
U8-1
21-0036
8 CERDIP
J8-2
21-0045
14 Plastic DIP
P14-3
21-0043
14 SO
S14-1
21-0041
14 CERDIP
J14-3
21-0045
Maxim Integrated
MAX481/MAX483/MAX485
MAX487–MAX491/MAX1487
Low-Power, Slew-Rate-Limited
RS-485/RS-422 Transceivers
Revision History
REVISION
NUMBER
REVISION
DATE
0
1/93
Initial release.
—
9
9/09
Changed column name in Selection Table to “Number of Receivers on Bus.”
1
DESCRIPTION
PAGES
CHANGED
Maxim cannot assume responsibility for use of any circuitry other than circuitry entirely embodied in a Maxim product. No circuit patent licenses are implied.
Maxim reserves the right to change the circuitry and specifications without notice at any time. The parametric values (min and max limits) shown in the Electrical
Characteristics table are guaranteed. Other parametric values quoted in this data sheet are provided for guidance.
Maxim Integrated 160 Rio Robles, San Jose, CA 95134 USA 1-408-601-1000
© Maxim Integrated
17
The Maxim logo and Maxim Integrated are trademarks of Maxim Integrated Products, Inc.