MAXIM MAX3107

19-5014; Rev 3; 8/11
TION KIT
EVALUA BLE
IL
AVA A
SPI/I2C UART with 128-Word FIFOs
The MAX3107 is an advanced universal asynchronous
receiver-transmitter (UART) with 128 words each of
receive and transmit first-in/first-out (FIFO) that can be
controlled through I2C or high-speed SPI™. The 2x and
4x rate modes allow a maximum of 24Mbps data rates.
A phase-locked loop (PLL), prescaler, and fractional
baud-rate generator allow for high-resolution baud-rate
programming and minimize the dependency of baud
rate on reference clock frequency.
Autosleep and shutdown modes help reduce power
consumption during periods of inactivity. A low 640µA
(typ) supply current and tiny 24-pin TQFN (3.5mm x
3.5mm) package make the MAX3107 ideal for low-power
portable devices.
Integrated logic-level translation on the controller and
transceiver (RX/TX and RTS/CTS) interfaces enable use
with a wide selection of RS-232/RS-485 transceivers.
Features
S 24-Pin, Lead-Free TQFN (3.5mm x 3.5mm) and
24-Pin, Lead-Free SSOP Packages
S 24Mbps (max) Data Rate
S Integrated PLL and Divider
S Fractional Baud-Rate Generator
S SPI Up to 26MHz Clock Rate
S Auto Transceiver Direction Control
S Half-Duplex Echo Suppression
S Auto RTS/CTS and XON/XOFF Flow Control
S Special Character Detection
S GPIO-Based Character Detection
S 9-Bit Multidrop-Mode Data Filtering
S SIR- and MIR-Compliant IrDA Encoder/Decoder
S +2.35V to +3.6V Supply Range
Automatic hardware and software flow control with
selectable FIFO interrupt triggering offloads low-level
activity from the host controller. Automatic half-duplex
transceiver control with programmable setup and hold
times allow the MAX3107 to be used in high-speed applications, for example Profibus-DP.
S Logic-Level Translation on the Controller and
The MAX3107 is ideal for use in portable devices,
industrial applications, and automotive applications. The
MAX3107 is available in a 24-pin SSOP package and a
24-pin TQFN package. It is specified over the -40NC to
+85NC extended ambient temperature range.
S Low 640µA (typ) Supply Current at 1Mbaud and
Applications
Transceiver Interfaces (Down to 1.7V)
S Four Flexible GPIOs
S Line Noise Indication
S Shutdown and Autosleep Modes
20MHz Clock
S Low 20µA (typ) Shutdown Power
Ordering Information
TEMP RANGE
PIN-PACKAGE
Portable Devices
MAX3107EAG+T
-40NC to +85NC
24 SSOP
Industrial Control Systems
MAX3107ETG+T
-40NC to +85NC
24 TQFN-EP*
MAX3107ETG/V+T
-40NC to +85NC
24 TQFN-EP*
Fieldbus Networks
Automotive Infotainment Systems
Medical Systems
Point-of-Sale Systems
PART
+Denotes a lead(Pb)-free/RoHS-compliant package.
*EP = Exposed pad.
/V denotes an automotive qualified part.
T = Tape and reel.
HVAC or Building Control
Functional Diagram appears at end of data sheet.
SPI is a trademark of Motorola, Inc.
________________________________________________________________ Maxim Integrated Products 1
For pricing, delivery, and ordering information, please contact Maxim Direct at 1-888-629-4642,
or visit Maxim’s website at www.maxim-ic.com.
MAX3107
General Description
MAX3107
SPI/I2C UART with 128-Word FIFOs
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Absolute Maximum Ratings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Package Thermal Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
DC Electrical Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
AC Electrical Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Test Circuits/Timing Diagrams . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Typical Operating Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Pin Configurations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Pin Descriptions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Register Map . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Detailed Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Register Set . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Receive and Transmit FIFOs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Transmitter Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Receiver Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Line Noise Indication . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Clocking and Baud-Rate Generation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Crystal Oscillator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
External Clock Source . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
PLL and Predivider . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Fractional Baud-Rate Generator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
2x and 4x Rate Modes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Multidrop Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Auto Data Filtering in Multidrop Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Auto Transceiver Direction Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Echo Suppression . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
Auto Hardware Flow Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
AutoRTS Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
AutoCTS Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Auto Software (XON/XOFF) Flow Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Transmitter Flow Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
Receiver Flow Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
FIFO Interrupt Triggering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
Low-Power Standby Modes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
Forced Sleep Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
Autosleep Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
Shutdown Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
2 _______________________________________________________________________________________
SPI/I2C UART with 128-Word FIFOs
Power-Up and IRQ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
Interrupt Structure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
Interrupt Enabling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
Interrupt Clearing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
Detailed Register Descriptions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
Serial Controller Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
SPI Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
SPI Single-Cycle Access . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
SPI Burst Access . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
I2C Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
START, STOP, and Repeated START Conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
Slave Address . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
Bit Transfer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
Single-Byte Write . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
Burst Write . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
Single-Byte Read . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
Burst Read . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
Acknowledge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
Applications Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
Startup and Initialization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
Low-Power Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48
Interrupts and Polling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48
Logic-Level Translation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48
Connector Pin Sharing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
RS-232 5x3 Application . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
Typical Application Circuit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
Chip Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
Functional Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
Package Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
Revision History . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
_______________________________________________________________________________________ 3
MAX3107
TABLE OF CONTENTS (continued)
MAX3107
SPI/I2C UART with 128-Word FIFOs
LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 1. I2C Timing Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Figure 2. SPI Timing Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Figure 3. Transmit FIFO Signals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Figure 4. Receive Data Format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Figure 5. Midbit Sampling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Figure 6. Receive FIFO . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Figure 7. Clock Selection Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Figure 8. 2x and 4x Baud Rates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Figure 9. Auto Transceiver Direction Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Figure 10. Setup and Hold Times in Auto Transceiver Direction Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
Figure 11. Half-Duplex with Echo Suppression . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
Figure 12. Echo Suppression Timing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Figure 13. Simplified Interrupt Structure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
Figure 14. PLL Signal Path . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
Figure 15. SPI Single-Cycle Read . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
Figure 16. SPI Single-Cycle Write . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
Figure 17. I2C START, STOP, and Repeated START Conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
Figure 18. Write Byte Sequence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
Figure 19. Burst Write Sequence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
Figure 20. Read Byte Sequence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
Figure 21. Burst Read Sequence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
Figure 22. Acknowledge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
Figure 23. Startup and Initialization Flowchart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48
Figure 24. Logic-Level Translation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
Figure 25. Connector Sharing with a USB Transceiver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
Figure 26. RS-232 Application . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
Figure 27. RS-485 Half-Duplex Application . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
LIST OF TABLES
Table 1. StopBits Truth Table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
Table 2. Length[1:0] Truth Table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
Table 3. SwFlow[3:0] Truth Table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
Table 4. PLLFactor[1:0] Selection Guide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
Table 5. I2C Address Map . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
4 _______________________________________________________________________________________
SPI/I2C UART with 128-Word FIFOs
RHR—Receiver Hold Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
THR—Transmit Hold Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
IRQEn—IRQ Enable Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
ISR—Interrupt Status Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
LSRIntEn—Line Status Register Interrupt Enable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
LSR—Line Status Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
SpclChrIntEn—Special Character Interrupt Enable Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
SpclCharInt—Special Character Interrupt Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
STSIntEn—STS Interrupt Enable Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
STSInt—Status Interrupt Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
MODE1 Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
MODE2 Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
LCR—Line Control Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
RxTimeOut—Receiver Timeout Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
HDplxDelay Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
IrDA Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
FlowLvl—Flow Level Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
FIFOTrgLvl—FIFO Interrupt Trigger Level Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
TxFIFOLvl—Transmit FIFO Level Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
RxFIFOLvl—Receive FIFO Level Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
FlowCtrl—Flow Control Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
XON1 Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
XON2 Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
XOFF1 Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
XOFF2 Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
GPIOConfg—GPIO Configuration Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
GPIOData—GPIO Data Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
PLLConfig—PLL Configuration Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
BRGConfig—Baud-Rate Generator Configuration Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
DIVLSB—Baud-Rate Generator LSB Divisor Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
DIVMSB—Baud-Rate Generator MSB Divisor Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
CLKSource—Clock Source Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
RevID—Revision Identification Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
_______________________________________________________________________________________ 5
MAX3107
LIST OF REGISTERS
MAX3107
SPI/I2C UART with 128-Word FIFOs
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
(Voltages referenced to AGND.)
VL, VA, VEXT, XIN................................................. -0.3V to +4.0V
V18, XOUT................................................... -0.3V to (VA + 0.3V)
RST, IRQ, DIN/A1, CS/A0, SCLK/SCL,
DOUT/SDA, LDOEN, I2C/SPI................... -0.3V to (VL + 0.3V)
TX, RX, RTS/CLKOUT, CTS, GPIO_........ -0.3V to (VEXT + 0.3V)
DGND................................................................... -0.3V to +0.3V
Continuous Power Dissipation (TA = +70NC)
TQFN (derate 15.4mW/NC above +70NC).................. 1229mW
SSOP (derate 12.3mW/NC above +70NC).................... 988mW
Operating Temperature Range . ....................... -40NC to +85NC
Junction Temperature.................................................... +150NC
Storage Temperature Range............................ -65NC to +150NC
Lead Temperature (soldering, 10s).................................+300NC
Soldering Temperature (reflow).......................................+260NC
Stresses beyond those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional
operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specifications is not implied. Exposure to absolute
maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.
PACKAGE THERMAL CHARACTERISTICS (Note 1)
TQFN
Junction-to-Ambient Thermal Resistance (BJA)........... 65NC/W
Junction-to-Case Thermal Resistance (BJC)................ 15NC/W
SSOP
Junction-to-Ambient Thermal Resistance (BJA)............81NC/W
Junction-to-Case Thermal Resistance (BJC)................ 32NC/W
Note 1: Package thermal resistances were obtained using the method described in JEDEC specification JESD51-7, using a fourlayer board. For detailed information on package thermal considerations, refer to www.maxim-ic.com/thermal-tutorial.
DC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
(VA = +2.35V to +3.6V, VL = +1.71V to +3.6V, VEXT = +1.71V to +3.6V, TA = -40NC to +85NC, unless otherwise noted. Typical values
are at VA = +2.8V, VL = +1.8V, VEXT = +2.5V, TA = +25NC.) (Note 2)
MAX
UNITS
Digital Interface Supply Voltage
PARAMETER
SYMBOL
VL
CONDITIONS
1.71
MIN
TYP
3.6
V
Analog Supply Voltage
VA
2.35
3.6
V
UART Interface Logic Supply
Voltage
VEXT
1.71
3.6
V
Logic Supply Voltage
V18
1.65
1.80
1.95
V
1.8MHz crystal oscillator active, PLL disabled, VLDOEN = VL, SPI/I2C interface idle
220
500
FA
Baud rate = 1Mbps, external clock, SPI
frequency is 8MHz, external loopback PLL
disabled, VLDOEN = VL (Note 3)
0.65
1.3
mA
CURRENT CONSUMPTION
VA Supply Current
IA
VA Shutdown Supply Current
IA, SHDN
Shutdown mode, VLDOEN = 0V, VRST = 0V,
all inputs and outputs are idle
20
35
FA
VA Sleep Supply Current
IA, SLEEP
Sleep mode, VLDOEN = VL, VRST = VL, all
inputs and outputs are idle
45
100
FA
IL
All logic inputs are at VL or VEXT or 0V
4
15
FA
IEXT
All logic inputs are at VL or VEXT or 0V
5
10
FA
VLDOEN = 0V (V18 is powered by an external 1.85V voltage source), static power
consumption
7
50
FA
VL Supply Current
VEXT Supply Current
V18 Input Power-Supply Current
in Shutdown Mode
I18SHDN
6 _______________________________________________________________________________________
SPI/I2C UART with 128-Word FIFOs
(VA = +2.35V to +3.6V, VL = +1.71V to +3.6V, VEXT = +1.71V to +3.6V, TA = -40NC to +85NC, unless otherwise noted. Typical values
are at VA = +2.8V, VL = +1.8V, VEXT = +2.5V, TA = +25NC.) (Note 2)
PARAMETER
SYMBOL
CONDITIONS
MIN
TYP
MAX
UNITS
ILOAD = -3mA, VL > 2V
0.4
V
ILOAD = -3mA, VL < 2V
0.2 x VL
V
SCLK/SCL, DOUT/SDA
DOUT/SDA Output Low Voltage
in I2C Mode
VOL,I2C
DOUT/SDA Output Low Voltage
in SPI Mode
VOL,SPI
ILOAD = -2mA
0.4
V
DOUT/SDA Output High Voltage
in SPI Mode
VOH,SPI
ILOAD = 2mA
VL - 0.4
V
VIL
SPI and I2C mode
0.3 x VL
V
VIH
SPI and I2C mode
SPI and I2C mode
Input Low Voltage
Input High Voltage
Input Hysteresis
VHYST
Input Leakage Current
IIL
VIN = 0 to VL, SPI and I2C mode
0.7 x VL
V
0.05 x VL
-1
CIN_I2C_SPI SPI and I2C mode
Input Capacitance
V
+1
5
FA
pF
I2C/SPI, CS/A0, DIN/A1 INPUTS
Input Low Voltage
VIL
SPI and I2C mode
Input High Voltage
VIH
SPI and I2C mode
VHYST
SPI and I2C mode
Input Hysteresis
Input Leakage Current
IIL
VIN = 0 to VL, SPI and I2C mode
0.3 x VL
0.7 x VL
V
50
-1
CIN_I2C_SPI SPI and I2C mode
Input Capacitance
V
mV
+1
5
FA
pF
IRQ OUTPUT (OPEN DRAIN)
Output Low Voltage
VOL
ILOAD = -2mA
Output Leakage
ILK
VIRQ = 0 to VL, IRQ is not asserted
-1
0.4
V
+1
FA
0.3 x VL
V
LDOEN AND RST INPUTS
Input Low Voltage
VIL
Input High Voltage
VIH
Input Hysteresis
0.7 x VL
VHYST
Input Leakage Current
V
50
IIN
VIN = 0 to VL
Output Low Voltage
VOL
ILOAD = -2mA
Output High Voltage
VOH
ILOAD = 2mA
-1
mV
+1
FA
0.4
V
RTS/CLKOUT AND TX OUTPUTS
Input Leakage Current
Input Capacitance
IIN
CIN_IRSTB
Output three-stated, VIN = 0 to VEXT
VEXT - 0.4
V
-1
High-Z mode
+1
5
FA
pF
RX, CTS INPUTS
Input Low Voltage
VIL
Input High Voltage
0.3 x VEXT
VIH
0.7 x VEXT
Input Hysteresis
VHYST
CTS Input Leakage Current
IIN_CTS
VIN = 0 to VEXT
-1
RX Pullup Current
IIN_RX
VIN = 0V
0.3
Input Capacitance
CIN_IUART
V
V
50
1.5
mV
+1
FA
3
FA
5
pF
GPIO_ OUTPUTS AND INPUTS
Output Low Voltage
VOL
ILOAD = -2mA, push-pull or open drain
Output High Voltage
VOH
ILOAD = 2mA, push-pull
0.4
VEXT - 0.4
V
V
_______________________________________________________________________________________ 7
MAX3107
DC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued)
MAX3107
SPI/I2C UART with 128-Word FIFOs
DC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued)
(VA = +2.35V to +3.6V, VL = +1.71V to +3.6V, VEXT = +1.71V to +3.6V, TA = -40NC to +85NC, unless otherwise noted. Typical values
are at VA = +2.8V, VL = +1.8V, VEXT = +2.5V, TA = +25NC.) (Note 2)
PARAMETER
SYMBOL
CONDITIONS
Input Low Voltage
VIL
Configured as an input
Input High Voltage
VIH
Configured as an input
Pulldown Current
IPD
GPIO_ = VEXT
Input Capacitance
CIN_IUART
MIN
TYP
MAX
UNITS
0.4
V
2.5
FA
2/3 x VEXT
0.25
Configured as an input
V
1
5
pF
XIN
Input Low Voltage
VIL
Input High Voltage
VIH
0.3
Input Capacitance
CXI
16
pF
CXO
16
pF
1.2
VA
V
V
XOUT
Input Capacitance
AC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
(VA = +2.35V to +3.6V, VL = +1.71V to +3.6V, VEXT = +1.71V to +3.6V, TA = -40NC to +85NC, unless otherwise noted. Typical values
are at VA = +2.8V, VL = +1.8V, VEXT = +2.5V, TA = +25NC.) (Note 2)
PARAMETER
SYMBOL
CONDITIONS
MIN
TYP
MAX
UNITS
UART CLOCKING
External Crystal Frequency
fXOSC
1
4
MHz
External Clock Frequency
fCLK
0.5
35
MHz
45
55
%
96
MHz
External Clock Duty Cycle
Baud-Rate Generator Clock
Input
(Note 3)
fREF
(Note 3)
I2C BUS: TIMING CHARACTERISTICS (see Figure 1)
SCL Clock Frequency
fSCL
Bus Free Time Between a STOP
(P) and START (S) Condition
tBUF
Hold Time for START (S)
Condition and Repeated START
(Sr) Condition (Note 3)
tHD:STA
Low Period of the SCL Clock
tLOW
High Period of the SCL Clock
tHIGH
Data Hold Time
tHD:DAT
Standard mode
100
Fast mode
400
Standard mode
4.7
Fast mode
1.3
Standard mode
4.0
Fast mode
0.6
Standard mode
4.7
Fast mode
1.3
Standard mode
4.0
Fast mode
0.6
kHz
Fs
Fs
Fs
Fs
Standard mode
0
0.9
Fast mode
0
0.9
8 _______________________________________________________________________________________
Fs
SPI/I2C UART with 128-Word FIFOs
(VA = +2.35V to +3.6V, VL = +1.71V to +3.6V, VEXT = +1.71V to +3.6V, TA = -40NC to +85NC, unless otherwise noted. Typical values
are at VA = +2.8V, VL = +1.8V, VEXT = +2.5V, TA = +25NC.) (Note 2)
PARAMETER
SYMBOL
Data Setup Time
tSU:DAT
Setup Time for Repeated START
(Sr) Condition
tSU:STA
Rise Time of SDA and SCL
Signals Receiving
Fall Time of SDA and SCL
Signals
Setup Time for STOP (P)
Condition
tR
tF
tSU:STO
CONDITIONS
MIN
Standard mode
250
Fast mode
100
Standard mode
4.7
Fast mode
0.6
TYP
MAX
ns
Fs
Standard mode (0.3 x VL to 0.7 x VL)
(Note 5)
20 +
0.1CB
1000
Fast mode (0.3 x VL to 0.7 x VL) (Note 5)
20 +
0.1CB
300
Standard mode (0.7 x VL to 0.3 x VL)
(Note 5)
20 +
0.1CB
300
Fast mode (0.7 x VL to 0.3 x VL) (Note 5)
20 +
0.1CB
300
Standard mode
4.7
Fast mode
0.6
UNITS
ns
ns
Fs
Standard mode
400
Fast mode
400
Capacitive Load for SDA and
SCL (Note 3)
CB
I/O Capacitance (SCL, SDA)
CI/O
10
pF
Pulse Width of Spike
Suppressed
tSP
50
ns
pF
SPI BUS: TIMING CHARACTERISTICS (see Figure 2)
SCLK Clock Period
tCH+CL
38.4
ns
SCLK Pulse-Width High
tCH
16
ns
SCLK Pulse-Width Low
tCL
16
ns
CS Fall to SCLK Rise Time
tCSS
0
ns
DIN Hold Time
tDH
3
ns
DIN Setup Time
tDS
5
Output Data Propagation Delay
tDO
20
ns
DOUT Rise and Fall Times
tFT
10
ns
CS Hold Time
tCSH
32
ns
ns
Note 2: All devices are production tested at TA = +25NC. Specifications over temperature are guaranteed by design.
Note 3: Not production tested. Guaranteed by design.
Note 4: When V18 is powered by an external voltage regulator, the external power supply must have current capability above or
equal to I18.
Note 5: CB is the total capacitance of either the clock or data line of the synchronous bus in pF.
_______________________________________________________________________________________ 9
MAX3107
AC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued)
MAX3107
SPI/I2C UART with 128-Word FIFOs
Test Circuits/Timing Diagrams
START CONDITION
(S)
REPEATED START CONDITION
(Sr)
tR
STOP CONDITION
(P)
tF
SDA
tBUF
tHD:DAT
tHD:STA
tHD:STA
tSU:DAT
tSU:STO
tSU:STA
SCL
tHIGH
tR
tF
START CONDITION
(S)
tLOW
Figure 1. I2C Timing Diagram
CS
tCSH
tCSS
tCL
tCH
tCSH
SCLK
tDS
tDH
DIN
tDO
DOUT
Figure 2. SPI Timing Diagram
10 ��
SPI/I2C UART with 128-Word FIFOs
(VA = 2.5V, VL = 2.5V, VEXT = 2.5V, LDOEN = VL, TA = +25NC, unless otherwise noted.)
IA SUPPLY CURRENT vs. VA VOLTAGE
(EXTERNAL CLOCK, PLL DISABLED)
LDOEN = VL
3.4
LDOEN = VL
3.2
80
IA (mA)
60
3.0
LDOEN = AGND
1.8V APPLIED TO V18
2.8
2.6
40
LDOEN = AGND
1.8V APPLIED TO V18
20
2.4
EXTERNAL 614kHz CLOCK
BAUD RATE = 115kbps
6x PLL MULT.FACTOR
2.2
0
2.0
2.35
2.60
2.85
3.10
3.35
3.60
2.35
2.60
2.85
VA (V)
IA SUPPLY CURRENT vs. VA VOLTAGE
(EXTERNAL CRYSTAL, PLL ENABLED)
LDOEN = AGND
1.8V APPLIED TO V18
100
IA (µA)
1.000
0.975
80
60
VA = 2.5V
40
0.950
3.686MHz EXT. CRYSTAL
BAUD RATE = 115kbps
6x PLL MULT.FACTOR
0.900
2.60
2.85
3.10
3.35
EXTERNAL 3.6MHz CLOCK
BAUD RATE = 115kbps
0
3.60
-40
-15
VA (V)
10
35
60
85
PLL = x96
PLL = x144
10
100
PLL FREQUENCY (MHz)
TEMPERATURE (°C)
GPIO_ OUTPUT LOW VOLTAGE
vs. SINK CURRENT (OPEN DRAIN)
GPIO_ OUTPUT HIGH VOLTAGE
vs. SOURCE CURRENT (PUSH-PULL)
35
30
VEXT = 3.3V
35
MAX3107 toc06
VEXT = 3.3V
30
25
25
ISINK (mA)
2.35
20
PLL = x48
MAX3107 toc07
0.925
ISOURCE (mA)
IA (mA)
VA = 3.3V
120
LDOEN = VL
1.025
3.60
IA SUPPLY CURRENT vs. PLL FREQUENCY
IA (mA)
1.050
3.35
5.75
5.50
5.25
5.00
4.75
4.50
4.25
4.00
3.75
3.50
3.25
3.00
2.75
2.50
2.25
2.00
MAX3107 toc04
1.075
IA SUPPLY CURRENT vs. TEMPERATURE
140
MAX3107 toc03
1.100
3.10
VA (V)
MAX3107 toc05
IA (µA)
100
3.6
MAX3107 toc02
EXTERNAL 3.6MHz CLOCK
BAUD RATE = 115kbps
120
3.8
MAX3107 toc01
140
IA SUPPLY CURRENT vs. VA VOLTAGE
(EXTERNAL CLOCK, PLL ENABLED)
20
15
10
20
15
VEXT = 2.5V
10
VEXT = 2.5V
5
5
0
0
0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
VOH (V)
2.5
3.0
3.5
0
1
2
3
VOL (V)
______________________________________________________________________________________ 11
MAX3107
Typical Operating Characteristics
SPI/I2C UART with 128-Word FIFOs
GPIO3
GPIO2
GPIO1
18
RTS/CLKOUT
RX
TOP VIEW
CTS
MAX3107
Pin Configurations
17
16
15
14
13
TX 19
12 GPIO0
VEXT 20
11 DGND
XOUT 21
10 VL
MAX3107
XIN 22
AGND 23
*EP
+
5
6
CS/A0
4
SCLK/SCL
3
DOUT/SDA
I2C/SPI
2
V18
1
LDOEN
VA 24
TQFN
(3.5mm × 3.5mm)
9
RST
8
IRQ
7
DIN/A1
+
XIN
1
24 XOUT
AGND
2
23 VEXT
VA
3
22 TX
V18
4
I2C/SPI
5
20 RTS/CLKOUT
LDOEN
6
19 CTS
DOUT/SDA
7
18 GPIO3
SCLK/SCL
8
17 GPIO2
CS/A0
9
16 GPIO1
DIN/A1 10
15 GPIO0
IRQ 11
14 DGND
RST 12
13 VL
MAX3107
21 RX
SSOP
*CONNECT EP TO AGND.
Pin Descriptions
PIN
NAME
FUNCTION
TQFN-EP
SSOP
1
4
V18
2
5
I2C/SPI
SPI or Active-Low I2C Selector Input. Drive I2C/SPI high to enable SPI. Drive I2C/SPI
low to enable I2C.
3
6
LDOEN
LDO Enable Input. Drive LDOEN high to enable the internal 1.8V LDO. Drive LDOEN
low to disable the internal LDO. Power V18 with an external 1.8V supply when
LDOEN is low.
4
7
DOUT/SDA
Serial-Data Output. When I2C/SPI is high, DOUT/SDA functions as the DOUT SPI
serial-data output. When I2C/SPI is low, DOUT/SDA functions as the SDA I2C serialdata input/output.
5
8
SCLK/SCL
Serial-Clock Input. When I2C/SPI is high, SCLK/SCL functions as the SCLK SPI serialclock input (up to 26MHz). When I2C/SPI is low, SCLK/SCL functions as the SCL I2C
serial-clock input (up to 400kHz).
6
9
CS/A0
Active-Low Chip-Select and Address 0 Input. When I2C/SPI is high, CS/A0 functions
as the CS SPI active-low chip select. When I2C/SPI is low, CS/A0 functions as the A0
I2C device address programming input. Connect CS/A0 to DGND or VL.
Internal 1.8V LDO Output and 1.8V Logic Supply Input. Bypass V18 with a 1FF
ceramic capacitor to DGND. Keep V18 powered in shutdown mode.
12 ��
SPI/I2C UART with 128-Word FIFOs
PIN
NAME
FUNCTION
TQFN-EP
SSOP
7
10
DIN/A1
8
11
IRQ
Active-Low Interrupt Open-Drain Output. IRQ is asserted when an interrupt is
pending.
9
12
RST
Active-Low Reset Input. Drive RST low to force the UART into hardware reset mode.
In hardware reset mode, the oscillator and the internal PLL are shut down; there is no
clock activity.
10
13
VL
Digital Interface Logic-Level Supply. VL powers the internal logic-level translators for
RST, IRQ, DIN/A1, CS/A0, SCLK/SCL, DOUT/SDA, LDOEN, and I2C/SPI. Bypass VL
with a 0.1FF ceramic capacitor to DGND. VL must be powered in all modes.
11
14
DGND
Digital Ground
12
15
GPIO0
General-Purpose Input/Output 0. GPIO0 is user programmable as an input or output
(push-pull or open drain). GPIO0 has a weak pulldown resistor to ground.
13
16
GPIO1
General-Purpose Input/Output 1. GPIO1 is user programmable as an input or output
(push-pull or open drain). GPIO1 has a weak pulldown resistor to ground.
14
17
GPIO2
General-Purpose Input/Output 2. GPIO2 is user programmable as an input or output
(push-pull or open drain). GPIO2 has a weak pulldown resistor to ground.
15
18
GPIO3
General-Purpose Input/Output 3. GPIO3 is user programmable as an input or output
(push-pull or open drain). GPIO3 has a weak pulldown resistor to ground.
16
19
CTS
17
20
RTS/CLKOUT
Active-Low Request-to-Send Output. RTS/CLKOUT can be set high or low by programming bit 7 (RTS) of the LCR register.
18
21
RX
Receive Input. Serial UART data input. RX has an internal weak pullup resistor to VEXT.
19
22
TX
Transmit Output. Serial UART data output.
20
23
VEXT
Transceiver Interface Level Supply. VEXT powers the internal logic-level translators for
RX, TX, RTS, CTS, and GPIO_. Bypass VEXT with a 0.1FF ceramic capacitor to
DGND.
21
24
XOUT
Crystal Output. When using an external crystal, connect one end of the crystal to
XOUT and the other to XIN. When using an external clock source, leave XOUT
unconnected.
22
1
XIN
23
2
AGND
24
3
VA
Analog Supply. VA powers the PLL and internal LDO. Bypass VA with a 0.1FF ceramic capacitor to AGND.
—
—
EP
Exposed Paddle. Connect EP to AGND. EP is not intended as an electrical connection point. Only for TQFN-EP package.
Serial-Data and Address 1 Input. When I2C/SPI is high, DIN/A1 functions as the DIN
SPI serial-data input. When I2C/SPI is low, DIN/A1 functions as the A1 I2C device
address programming input and connects to DIN/A1 DGND or VL.
Active-Low Clear-to-Send Input. CTS is a flow-control input.
Crystal/Clock Input. When using an external crystal, connect one end of the crystal to
XIN and the other one to XOUT. When using an external clock source, drive XIN with
the external clock.
Analog Ground
______________________________________________________________________________________ 13
MAX3107
Pin Descriptions (continued)
MAX3107
SPI/I2C UART with 128-Word FIFOs
Register Map
(All default reset values are 0x00, unless otherwise noted. All registers are R/W, unless otherwise noted.)
ADDR
BIT 7
BIT 6
BIT 5
BIT 4
BIT 3
BIT 2
BIT 1
BIT 0
FIFO DATA
RHR†*
REGISTER
0x00
RData7
RData6
RData5
RData4
RData3
RData2
RData1
RData0
THR†
0x00
TData7
TData6
TData5
TData4
TData3
TData2
TData1
TData0
IRQEn
ISR*†
0x01
CTSIEn
RxEmtyIEn
TxEmtyIEn
TxTrgIEn
RxTrgIEn
STSIEn
SpclChrIEn
LSRErrIEn
0x02
CTSInt
RxEmptyInt
TxEmptyInt
TFifoTriglnt
RFifoTrigInt
STSInt
SpCharInt
LSRErrInt
LSRIntEn
LSR*†
0x03
—
—
NoiseIntEn
RBreakIEn
FrameErrIEn
ParityIEn
ROverrIEn
RTimoutIEn
0x04
CTSbit
—
RxNoise
RxBreak
FrameErr
RxParityErr
RxOverrun
RTimeout
SpclChrIntEn
SpclCharInt †
0x05
—
—
MltDrpIntEn
BREAKIntEn
XOFF2IntEn
XOFF1IntEn
XON2IntEn
XON1IntEn
0x06
—
—
MultiDropInt
BREAKInt
XOFF2Int
XOFF1Int
XON2Int
XON1Int
STSIntEn
STSInt*†
0x07
—
SleepIntEn
ClkRdyIntEn
—
GPI3IntEn
GPI2IntEn
GPI1IntEn
GPI0IntEn
0x08
—
SleepInt
ClockReady
—
GPI3Int
GPI2Int
GPI1Int
GPI0Int
RxDisabl
INTERRUPTS
UART MODES
MODE1
0x09
IRQSel
AutoSleep
ForcedSleep
TrnscvCtrl
RTSHiZ
TXHiZ
TxDisabl
MODE2
LCR*
0x0A
EchoSuprs
MultiDrop
Loopback
SpecialChr
RxEmtyInv
RxTrigInv
FIFORst
RST
0x0B
RTS
TxBreak
ForceParity
EvenParity
ParityEn
StopBits
Length1
Length0
RxTimeOut
0x0C
TimOut7
TimOut6
TimOut5
TimOut4
TimOut3
TimOut2
TimOut1
TimOut0
HDplxDelay
0x0D
Setup3
Setup2
Setup1
Setup0
Hold3
Hold2
Hold1
Hold0
IrDA
0x0E
—
—
TxInv
RxInv
MIR
—
SIR
IrDAEn
FlowLvl
0x0F
Resume3
Resume2
Resume1
Resume0
Halt3
Halt2
Halt1
Halt0
FIFOTrgLvl*
TxFIFOLvl†
0x10
RxTrig3
RxTrig2
RxTrig1
RxTrig0
TxTrig3
TxTrig2
TxTrig1
TxTrig0
0x11
TxFL7
TxFL6
TxFL5
TxFL4
TxFL3
TxFL2
TxFL1
TxFL0
RxFIFOLvl†
0x12
RxFL7
RxFL6
RxFL5
RxFL4
RxFL3
RxFL2
RxFL1
RxFL0
FlowCtrl
0x13
SwFlow3
SwFlow2
SwFlow1
SwFlow0
SwFlowEn
GPIAddr
AutoCTS
AutoRTS
XON1
0x14
Bit7
Bit6
Bit5
Bit4
Bit3
Bit2
Bit1
Bit0
XON2
0x15
Bit7
Bit6
Bit5
Bit4
Bit3
Bit2
Bit1
Bit0
XOFF1
0x16
Bit7
Bit6
Bit5
Bit4
Bit3
Bit2
Bit1
Bit0
XOFF2
0x17
Bit7
Bit6
Bit5
Bit4
Bit3
Bit2
Bit1
Bit0
FIFO CONTROL
FLOW CONTROL
GPIOs
GPIOConfg
0x18
GP3OD
GP2OD
GP1OD
GP0OD
GP3Out
GP2Out
GP1Out
GP0Out
GPIOData
0x19
GPI3Dat
GPI2Dat
GPI1Dat
GPI0Dat
GPO3Dat
GPO2Dat
GPO1Dat
GPO0Dat
CLOCK CONFIGURATION
PLLConfig*
0x1A
PLLFactor1
PLLFactor0
PreDiv5
PreDiv4
PreDiv3
PreDiv2
PreDiv1
PreDiv0
BRGConfig
0x1B
—
—
4xMode
2xMode
FRACT3
FRACT2
FRACT1
FRACT0
DIVLSB
0x1C
Div7
Div6
Div5
Div4
Div3
Div2
Div1
Div0
DIVMSB
0x1D
Div15
Div14
Div13
Div12
Div11
Div10
Div9
Div8
CLKSource*
0x1E
CLKtoRTS
—
—-
ClockEn
PLLBypass
PLLEn
CrystalEn
—
REVISION
RevID*†
0x1F
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
*Denotes nonzero default reset value: ISR = 0x60, LCR = 0x05, FIFOTrgLvl = 0xFF, PLLConfig = 0x01, DIVLSB = 0x01,
CLKSource = 0x08, RevID = 0xA1.
†Denotes nonread/write value: RHR = R, THR = W, ISR = COR, SpclCharInt = COR, STSInt = R/COR, LSR = R, TxFIFOLvl = R,
RxFIFOLvl = R, RevID = R.
14 ��
SPI/I2C UART with 128-Word FIFOs
The MAX3107 UART is a bridge between an SPI/
MICROWIRE™ or I2C microprocessor bus and an
asynchronous serial-data communication link, such as
RS-485, RS-232, or IrDA. The MAX3107 contains an
advanced UART, a fractional baud-rate generator, and
four GPIOs. The MAX3107 is configured and monitored,
and data is written and read from 8-bit registers through
SPI or I2C. These registers are organized by related
function as shown in the Register Map.
available and ready to be filled. The transmit FIFO trigger generates an interrupt when the transmit FIFO level
is above the programmed trigger level. The host then
knows to throttle data writing to the transmit FIFO.
The host can read out the number of words present in each
of the FIFOs through the TxFIFOLvl and RxFIFOLvl registers.
Transmitter Operation
Figure 3 shows the structure of the transmitter with the
TxFIFO. The transmit FIFO can hold up to 128 words that
are written to it through THR.
The host controller loads data into the Transmit Holding
register (THR) through SPI or I2C. This data is automatically pushed into the transmit FIFO and sent out at TX.
The MAX3107 adds START, STOP, and parity bits to
the data and sends the data out at the selected baud
rate. The clock configuration registers determine the
baud rate, clock source selection, and clock frequency
prescaling.
The current number of words in the TxFIFO can be read
out through the TxFIFOLvl register. The transmit FIFO
can be programmed to generate an interrupt when a
programmed number of words are present in the TxFIFO
through the FIFOTrgLvl register. The TxFIFO interrupt
trigger level is selectable through FIFOTrgLvl[3:0]. When
the transmit FIFO fill level reaches the programmed trigger level, the ISR[4] interrupt is set.
The receiver in the MAX3107 detects a START bit as a
high-to-low RX transition. An internal clock samples this
data. The received data is automatically placed in the
receive FIFO and can then be read out of the RxFIFO
through the RHR.
The transmit FIFO is empty when ISR[5]: TxEmtyInt is set.
ISR[5] turns high when the transmitter starts transmitting the last word in the TxFIFO. Hence, the transmitter
is completely empty after ISR[5] is set with an additional delay equal to the length of a complete character
(including START, parity, and STOP bits).
Register Set
The MAX3107 has a flat register structure without shadow registers. The registers are 8 bits wide. The MAX3107
registers have some similarities to the 16C550 registers.
Receive and Transmit FIFOs
The UART’s receiver and the transmitter each have a
128-word deep FIFO, reducing the intervals that the host
processor needs to dedicate for high-speed, high-volume data transfer. As the data rates of the asynchronous
RX, TX interfaces increase and get closer to those of the
host controller’s SPI/I2C data rates, UART management
and flow control can make up a significant portion of the
host’s activity. By increasing FIFO size, the host is interrupted less often and can utilize SPI/I2C burst data block
transfers to/from the FIFOs.
FIFO trigger levels can generate interrupts to the host
controller, signaling that programmed FIFO fill levels
have been reached. The transmitter and receiver trigger levels are programmed through FIFOTrgLvl with a
resolution of eight FIFO locations. When a receive FIFO
trigger is generated, the host knows that the receive
FIFO has a defined number of words waiting to be read
out or that a known number of vacant FIFO locations are
The contents of the TxFIFO and RxFIFOs are both
cleared through MODE2[1]: FIFORst.
DATA FROM SPI/I2C INTERFACE
THR
ISR[4]
TxFIFOLvl
TRIGGER
LEVEL
128
FIFOTrgLvl[3:0]
CURRENT FILL LEVEL
TRANSMIT FIFO
ISR[5]
3
2
1
EMPTY
TRANSMITTER
TX
Figure 3. Transmit FIFO Signals
MICROWIRE is a trademark of National Semiconductor Corp.
______________________________________________________________________________________ 15
MAX3107
Detailed Description
MAX3107
SPI/I2C UART with 128-Word FIFOs
LSB
RECEIVED DATA
START
MSB
D0
D1
D2
D3
D4
D5
D6
D7
PARITY
STOP
STOP
MIDBIT
SAMPLING
Figure 4. Receive Data Format
ONE BIT PERIOD
RX
BAUD
BLOCK
A
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
MAJORITY
CENTER
SAMPLER
Figure 5. Midbit Sampling
To halt transmission, set MODE1[1]: TxDisabl to 1. After
MODE1[1] is set, the transmitter completes transmission
of the current character and then ceases transmission.
does not receive any further data. The RX input logic can
be inverted through IrDA[4]: RxInv.
The TX output logic can be inverted through IrDA[5]:
TxInv. If not stated otherwise, all transmitter logic
described in this data sheet assumes IrDA[5] is 0.
When operating in standard (i.e., not 2x or 4x rate) mode,
the MAX3107 checks that the binary logic level of the
three samples per received bit are identical. If any of
the three samples have differing logic levels, then noise
on the transmission line has affected the received data
and is considered to be noisy. This noise indication is
reflected in the LSR[5]: RxNoise bit for each received
byte. Parity errors are another indication of noise, but are
not as sensitive.
Receiver Operation
The receiver expects the format of the data at RX to be
as shown in Figure 4. The quiescent logic state is a high
and the first bit (the START bit) is logic-low. The receiver
samples the data near the midbit instant (Figure 4). The
received words and their associated errors are deposited into the receive FIFO. Errors and status information
are stored for every received word (Figure 6). The host
reads data out of the receive FIFO through the Receive
Holding register (RHR), oldest data first. The status
information of the word previously read out of the RHR is
located in the Line Status register (LSR). After a word is
read out of the RHR, the LSR contains the status information for that word.
The following three error conditions are determined for
each received word: parity error, framing error, and
noise on the line. Line noise is detected by checking the
consistency of the logic of the three samples (Figure 5).
The receiver can be turned off through MODE1[0]:
RxDisabl. When this bit is set to 1, the MAX3107 turns the
receiver off immediately following the current word and
Line Noise Indication
Clocking and Baud-Rate Generation
The MAX3107 can be clocked by an external crystal or an
external clock source. Figure 7 shows a simplified diagram
of the clocking circuitry. When the MAX3107 is clocked
by the crystal, the STSInt[5]: ClockReady indicates when
the clocks have settled and the baud-rate generator is
ready for stable operation.
The baud-rate clock can be routed to the RTS/CLKOUT
output. The clock rate is 16x the baud rate in standard
operating mode, and 8x the baud rate in 2x rate mode.
In 4x rate mode, the CLKOUT frequency is 4x the
programmed baud rate. If the fractional portion of the
baud-rate generator is used, the clock is not regular and
exhibits jitter.
16 ��
SPI/I2C UART with 128-Word FIFOs
LSR[1]
ISR[3]
OVERRUN
TRIGGER
WORD
RX
ERROR 128
PLL and Predivider
The internal predivider and PLL allow for a wide range
of external clock frequencies and baud rates. The PLL
can be configured to multiply the input clock rate by a
factor of 6, 48, 96, or 144 through PLLConfig[7:6]. The
predivider, located between the input clock and the PLL,
allows division of the input clock by a factor between 1
and 63 by writing to PLLConfig[5:0]. See the PLLConfig
register description for more information.
FIFOTrgLvl[7:4]
RECEIVE FIFO
CURRENT FILL LEVEL
External Clock Source
When an external clock signal is used, this should
be connected to XIN. Leave XOUT unconnected.
Set CLKSource[4]: ClockEn to 1 and CLKSource[1]:
CrystalEn to 0 to select external clocking.
RxFIFOLvl
Fractional Baud-Rate Generator
I2C/SPI INTERFACE
LSR[0]
ISR[6]
LSR[5:2]
RHR
The internal fractional baud-rate generator provides a
high degree of flexibility and high resolution in baudrate programming. The baud-rate generator has a 16-bit
integer divisor and a 4-bit word for the fractional divisor.
The fractional baud-rate generator can be used with the
external crystal or clock source.
4
3
2
1
TIMEOUT
EMPTY
The integer and fractional divisors are calculated through
the divisor, D:
fREF
D=
16 × BaudRate
ERRORS
Figure 6. Receive FIFO
Crystal Oscillator
Set CLKSource[4]: ClockEn to 1 and CLKSource[1]:
CrystalEn to 1 to enable and select the crystal oscillator. The on-chip crystal oscillator has load capacitances
of 20pF integrated in both XIN and XOUT. Connect an
external crystal or ceramic oscillator between XIN and
XOUT.
CrystalEn
XOUT
XIN
where fREF is the reference frequency input to the baudrate generator and D is the ideal divisor. fREF must be
less than 96MHz. In 2x and 4x rate modes, replace the
divisor 16 by 8 or 4, respectively.
The integer divisor portion, DIV, of the divisor, D, is
obtained by truncating D:
DIV = TRUNC(D)
ClockEn
PLLByps
CRYSTAL
OSCILLATOR
BAUD-RATE
GENERATOR
DIVIDER
PLL
PLLEn
Figure 7. Clock Selection Diagram
______________________________________________________________________________________ 17
MAX3107
RECEIVER
RECEIVED
DATA
MAX3107
SPI/I2C UART with 128-Word FIFOs
DIV can be a maximum of 16 bits wide and is programmed into the 2-byte-wide registers DIVMSB and
DIVLSB. The minimum allowed for DIVLSB is 1.
The fractional portion of the divisor, FRACT, is a 4-bit
nibble, which is programmed into BRGConfig[3:0]. The
maximum value is 15, allowing the divisor to be programmed with a resolution of 0.0625. FRACT is calculated as:
FRACT = ROUND(16 x (D-DIV))
The following is an example of calculating the divisor.
It is based on a required baud rate of 190kbaud and a
reference input frequency of 28.23MHz and 1x (default)
rate mode.
The ideal divisor is calculated as:
D = 28,230,000/(16 x 190,000)
= 9.2861842105263157894736842105263
hence DIV = 9.
FRACT =
ROUND(4.5789473684210526315789473684211) = 5
so that DIVMSB = 0x00, DIVLSB = 0x09, and
BRGConfig[3:0] = 0x05.
The resulting (actual) baud rate can be calculated as:
BR ACTUAL =
fREF
16 × D ACTUAL
DIV[LSB]
DIV[MSB]
FRACT
For this example: DACTUAL = 9 + 5/16 = 9.3125
where
DACTUAL = DIV + FRACT/16
and
BRACTUAL= 28,230,000/(16 x 9.3125)
= 189463.0872483221476510067114094 baud
Thus, the baud rate is within 0.28% of the ideal rate.
2x and 4x Rate Modes
To support higher baud rates than possible with standard (16x sampling) operation, the MAX3107 offers 2x
and 4x rate modes. In this case, the reference clock rate
only needs to be either 8x or 4x of the baud rate, respectively. The bits are only sampled once at the midbit
instant instead of the usual three samples to determine
the logic value of the bits. This reduces the tolerance to
line noise on the received data. The 2x and 4x modes
are selectable through BRGConfig[5:4]. Note that IrDA
encoding and decoding does not operate in 2x and 4x
modes.
When 2x rate mode is selected, the actual baud rate is
twice the rate programmed into the baud-rate generator. If 4x rate mode is enabled, the actual baud rate on
the line is quadruple that of programmed baud rate
(Figure 8).
BaudRateConfig[5:4]
fREF
FRACTIONAL
RATE
GENERATOR
1x, 2x, 4x RATE
MODES
BAUD RATE
NOTE: IrDA DOES NOT WORK IN 2x AND 4x MODES.
Figure 8. 2x and 4x Baud Rates
18 ��
SPI/I2C UART with 128-Word FIFOs
It is up to the host processor to filter out the data intended for its address. Alternatively, the auto data-filtering
mode can be used to automatically filter out the data
intended for the station’s specific 9-bit mode address.
Auto Data Filtering in Multidrop Mode
In multidrop mode, the MAX3107 can be configured
to automatically filter out data that is not meant for its
address. The address is user-definable either by programming a register value or a combination of a register
values and GPIO hardware inputs. Use either XOFF2
or XOFF2[7:4] in combination with GPIO_ to define the
address.
Enable multidrop mode by setting MODE2[6]: MultiDrop
to 1 and enable auto data filtering by setting MODE2[4]:
SpecialChr to 1.
When using register bits in combination with GPIO_ to
define the address, the MSB of the address is written to
XOFF2[7:4] register bits, while the LSBs of the address
are defined through the GPIOs. To enable this mode,
set FlowCtrl[2]: GPIAddr, MODE2[4]: SpecialChr, and
MODE2[6]: MultiDrop to 1. GPIO_ is automatically read
when FlowCtrl[2]: GPIAddr is set to 1, and the address
is updated on logic changes at GPIO_.
TRANSMITTER
TX
In the auto data-filtering mode, the MAX3107 automatically accepts data that is meant for its address and
places this into the receive FIFO, while it discards data
that is not meant for its address. The received address
word is not put into the FIFO.
Auto Transceiver Direction Control
In some half-duplex communication systems, the transceiver’s transmitter must be turned off when data is
being received so as not to load the bus. This is the
case in half-duplex RS-485 communication. Similarly
in full-duplex multidrop communication, like RS-485 or
RS-422/V.11, only one transmitter can be enabled at any
one time and the others must be disabled. The MAX3107
can automatically enable/disable a transceiver’s transmitter and/or receiver. This relieves the host processor
of this time-critical task.
The RTS/CLKOUT output is used to control the transceivers’ transmit enable input and is automatically set high
when the MAX3107’s transmitter starts transmission.
This occurs as soon as data is present in the transmit
FIFO. Auto transceiver direction control is enabled
through MODE1[4]: TrnscvCtrl. Figure 9 shows a typical
MAX3107 connection in a RS-485 application.
The RTS/CLKOUT output can be set high in advance
of TX transmission by a programmable time period
called the setup time (Figure 10). The setup time is programmed through HDplxDelay[7:4]. Similarly, the RTS/
CLKOUT signal can be held high for a programmable
period after the transmitter has completed transmission.
The hold time is programmed through HDplxDelay[3:0].
DI
D
TxFIFO
DE
MAX3107
AUTO
TRANSCEIVER
CONTROL
RxFIFO
RECEIVER
B
RTS/CLKOUT
RE
RX
RO
MAX13431
A
R
Figure 9. Auto Transceiver Direction Control
______________________________________________________________________________________ 19
MAX3107
Multidrop Mode
In multidrop mode, also known as 9-bit mode, the word
length is 8 bits and a 9th bit is used for distinguishing
between an address and a data word. Multidrop mode is
enabled through MODE2[6]: MultiDrop. Parity checking
is disabled and an SpclCharInt[5]: MultiDropInt interrupt
is generated when an address (9th bit set) is received.
MAX3107
SPI/I2C UART with 128-Word FIFOs
RTS/CLKOUT
SETUP
HOLD
TX
FIRST CHARACTER
LAST CHARACTER
Figure 10. Setup and Hold Times in Auto Transceiver Direction Control
Echo Suppression
The MAX3107 can suppress echoed data, sometimes
found in half-duplex communication (e.g., RS-485 and
IrDA). If the transceiver’s receiver is not turned off while
the transceiver is transmitting, copies (echoes) are
received by the UART. The MAX3107’s receiver can
block the reception of this echoed data by enabling echo
suppression. Set MODE2[7]: EchoSuprs to 1 to enable
echo suppression.
The MAX3107 receiver can block echoes with a long
round trip delay. The transmitter can be configured
to remain enabled after the end of transmission for a
programmable period of time: the hold time delay. The
hold time delay is set by the HDplxDelay[3:0] register.
See the HDplxDelay description in the Detailed Register
Descriptions section for more information.
Auto transceiver direction control and echo suppression
can operate simultaneously.
TRANSMITTER
TX
Auto Hardware Flow Control
The MAX3107 is capable of auto hardware (RTS and
CTS) flow control without the need for host processor intervention. When AutoRTS control is enabled,
the MAX3107 automatically controls the RTS handshake without the need for host processor intervention.
AutoCTS flow control separately turns the MAX3107’s
transmitter on and off based on the CTS input. AutoRTS
and AutoCTS flow control are independently enabled
through FlowCtrl[1:0].
AutoRTS Control
AutoRTS flow control ensures that the receive FIFO does
not overflow by signaling to the far-end UART to stop
data transmission. The MAX3107 does this automatically by controlling RTS/CLKOUT. AutoRTS flow control
is enabled through FlowCtrl[0]: AutoRTS. The HALT and
RESUME levels determine the threshold levels at which
RTS/CLKOUT is asserted and deasserted. HALT and
DI
D
TxFIFO
DE
MAX3107
ECHO
SUPPRESSION
RxFIFO
RECEIVER
B
RTS/CLKOUT
RE
RX
RO
MAX13431
A
R
Figure 11. Half-Duplex with Echo Suppression
20 ��
SPI/I2C UART with 128-Word FIFOs
MAX3107
STOP
BIT
TX
HOLD DELAY
DI TO RO PROPAGATION DELAY
RX
RTS/CLKOUT
Figure 12. Echo Suppression Timing
RESUME are programmed in FlowLvl. With differing
HALT and RESUME levels, hysteresis can be defined for
the RTS/CLKOUT transitions.
When the RxFIFO fill level reaches the HALT level
(FlowLvl[3:0]), the MAX3107 deasserts RTS/CLKOUT.
RTS/CLKOUT remains deasserted until the RxFIFO is
emptied and the number of words falls to the RESUME
level.
Interrupts are not generated when the HALT and
RESUME levels are reached. This allows the host controller to be completely disengaged from RTS flow control
management.
AutoCTS Control
When AutoCTS flow control is enabled, the UART automatically starts transmitting data when the CTS input is
logic-level low and stops transmitting when CTS is logichigh. This frees the host processor from managing this
timing-critical flow-control task. AutoCTS flow control is
enabled through FlowCtrl[1]: AutoCTS. During AutoCTS
flow control the CTS interrupt works normally. Set the
IRQEn[7]: CTSIntEn to 0 to disable CTS interrupts; then
ISR[7]: CTSInt is fixed to logic 0 and the host does not
receive interrupts from CTS. If CTS is set high during
transmission, the MAX3107 completes transmission of
the current word and halts transmission afterwards.
Turn the transmitter off by setting MODE1[1] to 1 before
enabling AutoCTS control.
Auto Software (XON/XOFF)
Flow Control
When auto software flow control is enabled, the MAX3107
recognizes and/or sends predefined XON/XOFF characters to control the flow of data across the asynchronous
serial link. Auto flow works autonomously and does not
involve host intervention, similar to auto hardware flow
control. To reduce the chance of receiving corrupted data
that equals a single-byte XON or XOFF character, the
MAX3107 allows for double-wide (16-bit) XON/XOFF characters. XON and XOFF are programmed into the XON1,
XON2 and XOFF1, XOFF2 registers.
FlowCtrl[7:3] are used for enabling and configuring auto
software flow control. An ISR[1] interrupt is generated
when XON or XOFF are received and details are found in
SpclCharInt. The IRQ can be masked by setting IRQEn[1]:
SpclChrIEn to 0.
Software flow control consists of transmitter control and
receiver overflow control, which can operate independently of each other.
______________________________________________________________________________________ 21
MAX3107
SPI/I2C UART with 128-Word FIFOs
Transmitter Flow Control
If auto transmitter control (FlowCtrl[5:4]) is enabled, the
receiver compares all received words with the XOFF and
XON characters. If a XOFF is received, the MAX3107
halts its transmitter from sending further data. The
receiver is not affected and continues reception. Upon
receiving an XON, the transmitter restarts sending data.
The received XON and XOFF characters are filtered out
and are not put into the receive FIFO, as they do not have
significance to the higher layer protocol. An interrupt is
not generated.
Thus, the host controller can access the resisters. To
enter sleep mode, set MODE1[5] to 1. To wake up, set
MODE1[5] to 0.
Turn the transmitter off (MODE1[1]) before enabling
transmitter control.
• T
here is no activity on any input pins for a period equal
to 65,536 UART characters lengths.
Receiver Flow Control
If auto receiver overflow control (FlowCtrl[7:6]) is enabled,
the MAX3107 automatically sends XOFF and XON control characters to the far-end UART to avoid receiver
overflow. XOFF1/XOFF2 are sent when the receive FIFO
fill level reaches the HALT value set in the FlowLvl register. When the host controller reads data from the Receive
FIFO to a level equal to the RESUME level programmed
into the FlowLvl register, XON1/XON2 are automatically
sent to the far-end station to signal it to resume data
transmission.
The MAX3107 exits autosleep mode as soon as activity
is detected on any of the GPIO_, RX, or CTS inputs.
If dual-character (XON1 and XON2/XOFF1 and XOFF2)
flow control is selected, XON1/XOFF1 are transmitted
before XON2/XOFF2.
FIFO Interrupt Triggering
Receive and transmit FIFO fill-dependent interrupts are
generated if FIFO trigger levels are defined. When the
number of words in the FIFOs reach or exceed a trigger
level, as programmed in FIFOTrgLvl, an ISR[3] or ISR[4]
interrupt is generated. There is no relationship between
the trigger levels and the HALT or RESUME levels.
The FIFO trigger level can, for example, be used for a
block data transfer, since it gives the host an indication
when a given block size of data is available for readout in
the teceive FIFO or available for transfer to the transmit FIFO.
Low-Power Standby Modes
The sleep and shutdown modes reduce power consumption during periods of inactivity. In both sleep and
shutdown modes, the UART disables specific functional
blocks to reduce power consumption.
Forced Sleep Mode
In forced sleep mode, all UART-related on-chip clocking
is stopped. The following are inactive: the crystal oscillator, the PLL, the predivider, the receiver, and the transmitter.
The SPI/I2C interface and the registers remain active.
Autosleep Mode
The MAX3107 can be configured to operate in autosleep
mode by setting MODE1[6] to 1. In autosleep mode, the
MAX3107 automatically enters sleep mode when all the
following conditions are met:
• Both FIFOs are empty.
• There are no pending IRQ interrupts.
To manually wake up the MAX3107, set MODE1[6] to 0.
After wake-up is initiated, the internal clock starts up and
a period of time is needed for clock stabilization. The
STSInt[5]: ClockReady bit indicates when the clocks are
stable. If an external clock source is used, the STSInt[5]
bit does not indicate clock stability.
Shutdown Mode
Shutdown mode is the lowest power consumption mode.
In shutdown mode, all the MAX3107 circuitry is off. This
includes the I2C/SPI interface, the registers, the FIFOs,
and clocking circuitry. The LDO is kept on. To enter shutdown mode, connect RST to DGND.
When the RST input is toggled high, the MAX3107 exits shutdown mode. When the MAX3107 sets IRQ to logic-high, the
chip initialization is completed. The MAX3107 needs to be
reprogrammed following a shutdown. Keep V18 powered by
the internal LDO or an external 1.8V supply during shutdown.
Power-Up and IRQ
IRQ has two functions. During normal operation (MODE1[7]
is 1), IRQ operates as a hardware interrupt output, whereby the IRQ is active when an interrupt is pending. An IRQ
interrupt is only produced during normal operation, if at
least one of the IRQEn interrupt enable bits are enabled.
During power-up or following a reset, IRQ has a different function. It is held low until the MAX3107 is ready for
programming following an initialization delay. Once IRQ
goes high, the MAX3107 is ready to be programmed.
The MODE1[7]: IRQSel bit should then be set in order to
enable normal IRQ interrupt operation.
In polled mode, the RevID register can be polled to
check whether the MAX3107 is ready for operation. If
the controller gets a valid response from RevID, then the
MAX3107 is ready for operation.
22 ��
SPI/I2C UART with 128-Word FIFOs
enable register bit. These are the IRQEn, LSRIntEn,
SpclChrIntEn and STSIntEn registers.
Interrupt Clearing
When an ISR interrupt is pending (i.e., any bit in ISR is
set) and the ISR is subsequently read, the ISR bits and
IRQ are cleared. Both the SpclCharInt and the STSInt
registers also are clear on read (COR). The LSR bits are
only cleared when the source of the interrupt is removed,
not when LSR is read.
Detailed Register Descriptions
The MAX3107 has a flat register structure, without shadow registers, that makes programming and code simple
and efficient. All registers are 8 bits wide.
Interrupt Enabling
Every interrupt bit of the four interrupt registers can be
enabled or masked through an associated interrupt
RHR—Receiver Hold Register
ADDRESS:
MODE:
0x00
R
BIT
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
NAME
RData7
RData6
RData5
RData4
RData3
RData2
RData1
RData0
RESET
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Bits 7–0: RData[7:0]
The RHR is the bottom of the receive FIFO and is the register used for reading data out of the receive FIFO. It contains
the oldest (first received) character in the receive FIFO. RHR[0] is the LSB of the character received at the RX input. It
is the first data bit of the serial-data word received by the receiver.
MODE1[7]: IRQSel
POWER-UP DONE
IRQ
[7]
[0]
8
ISR
7
8
6
5
4
3
2
6
5
4
3
TOP-LEVEL INTERRUPTS
0
8
LOW-LEVEL INTERRUPTS
STSInt
7
1
8
SpclChrInt
2
1
0
7
6
5
4
3
LSR
2
1
0
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Figure 13. Simplified Interrupt Structure
______________________________________________________________________________________ 23
MAX3107
Interrupt Structure
The structure of the interrupt is shown in Figure 13. There
are four interrupt source registers: ISR, LSR, STSInt, and
SpclCharInt. The interrupt sources are divided into toplevel and low-level interrupts. The top-level interrupts
typically occur more often and can be read out directly
through the ISR. The low-level interrupts typically occur
less often and their specific source can be read out
through the LSR, STSInt, or SpclChar registers. The three
LSBs of the ISR point to the low-level interrupt registers
that contain the source detail of the interrupt source.
MAX3107
SPI/I2C UART with 128-Word FIFOs
THR—Transmit Hold Register
ADDRESS:
MODE:
0x00
W
BIT
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
NAME
TData7
TData6
TData5
TData4
TData3
TData2
TData1
TData0
Bits 7–0: TData[7:0]
The THR is the register that the host controller writes data to for subsequent UART transmission. This data is deposited
in the transmit FIFO. THR[0] is the LSB. It is the first data bit of the serial-data word that the transmitter sends out, right
after the START bit.
IRQEn—IRQ Enable Register
ADDRESS:
MODE:
0x01
R/W
BIT
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
NAME
CTSIEn
RxEmtyIEn
TxEmtyIEn
TxTrgIEn
RxTrgIEn
STSIEn
SpclChrIEn
LSRErrIEn
RESET
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
The IRQEn is used to enable the IRQ physical interrupt. Any of the eight ISR interrupt sources can be enabled to generate an IRQ. The IRQEn bits only influence the IRQ output and do not have any effect on the ISR contents or behavior.
Every one of the IRQEn bits operates on an ISR bit.
Bit 7: CTSIEn
The CTSIEn bit enables IRQ interrupt generation when the CTSInt interrupt bit is set in the ISR. Set CTSIEn bit low to
disable IRQ generation from CTSInt.
Bit 6: RxEmtyIEn
The RxEmtyIEn bit enables IRQ interrupt generation when the RxEmtyInt interrupt bit is set in the ISR. Set RxEmtyIEn
bit low to disable IRQ generation from RxEmtyInt.
Bit 5: TxEmtyIEn
The TxEmtyIEn bit enables IRQ interrupt generation when the TxEmptyInt interrupt bit is set in the ISR. Set TxEmtyIEn
bit low to disable IRQ generation from TxEmptyInt.
Bit 4: TxTrgIEn
The TxTrgIEn bit enables IRQ interrupt generation when the TFifoTrigInt interrupt bit is set in the ISR. Set TxTrgIEn bit
low to disable IRQ generation from TFifoTrigInt.
Bit 3: RxTrgIEn
The RxTrgIEn bit enables IRQ interrupt generation when the RFifoTrigInt interrupt bit is set in the ISR. Set RxTrgIEn bit
low to disable IRQ generation from RFifoTrigInt.
Bit 2: STSIEn
The STSIEn bit enables IRQ interrupt generation when the STSInt interrupt bit is set in the ISR. Set STSIEn bit low to
disable IRQ generation from STSInt.
Bit 1: SpclChrlEn
The SpclChrIEn bit enables IRQ interrupt generation when the SpCharInt interrupt bit is set in the ISR. Set SpclChrIEn
bit low to disable IRQ generation from SpCharInt.
24 ��
SPI/I2C UART with 128-Word FIFOs
The LSRErrIEn bit enables IRQ interrupt generation when the LSRErrInt interrupt bit is set in the ISR[0]. Set LSRErrIEn
low to disable IRQ generation from LSRErrInt.
ISR—Interrupt Status Register
ADDRESS:
MODE:
0x02
COR
BIT
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
NAME
CTSInt
RxEmptyInt
TxEmptyInt
TFifoTrigInt
RFifoTrigInt
STSInt
SpCharInt
LSRErrInt
RESET
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
The ISR provides an overview of all interrupts generated in the MAX3107. These interrupts are cleared on reading the
ISR. When the MAX3107 is operated in polled mode, the ISR can be polled to establish the UART’s status. In interruptdriven mode, IRQ interrupts are enabled through the appropriate IRQEn bits. The ISR contents give direct information
on the cause for the interrupt or point to other registers that contain more detailed information.
Bit 7: CTSInt
The CTSInt is set when a logic state transition occurs at the CTS input. This bit is cleared after ISR is read. The current
logic state of the CTS input can be read out through the LSR[7]: CTSbit.
Bit 6: RxEmptyInt
The RxEmptyInt is set when the receive FIFO is empty. This bit is cleared after ISR is read. Its meaning can be inverted
by setting the MODE2[3]: RxEmtyInv bit.
Bit 5: TxEmptyInt
The TxEmptyInt bit is set when the transmit FIFO is empty. This bit is cleared once ISR is read.
Bit 4: TFifoTriglnt
The TFifoTrigInt bit is set when the number of characters in the transmit FIFO is equal to or greater than the transmit
FIFO trigger level defined in FIFOTrgLvl[3:0]. TFifoTrigInt is cleared when the transmit FIFO level falls below the trigger
level or after the ISR is read. It can be used as a warning that the transmit FIFO is nearing overflow.
Bit 3: RFifoTriglnt
The RFifoTrigInt bit is set when the receive FIFO fill level reaches the receive FIFO trigger level, as defined in the
FIFOTrgLvl[7:4]. This can be used as an indication that the receive FIFO is nearing overrun. It can also be used to
report that a known number of words are available which can be read out in one block. The meaning of RFifoTrigInt
can be inverted through MODE2[2]. RFifoTrigInt is cleared when ISR is read.
Bit 2: STSInt
The STSInt bit is set high when any bit in the STSInt register that is enabled through a STSIntEn bit is high. The STSInt
bit is cleared on reading ISR.
Bit 1: SpCharlnt
The SpCharInt bit is set high when a special character is received, a line BREAK is detected, or an address character is
received in multidrop mode. The cause for the SpCharInt interrupt can be read from the SpclCharInt register, if enabled
through the SpclChrIntEn bits. The SpCharInt interrupt is cleared when the ISR is read.
Bit 0: LSRErrlnt
The LSRErrInt bit is set high when any LSR bits, which are enabled through the LSRIntEn, are set. This bit is cleared
after the ISR is read.
______________________________________________________________________________________ 25
MAX3107
Bit 0: LSRErrlEn
MAX3107
SPI/I2C UART with 128-Word FIFOs
LSRIntEn—Line Status Register Interrupt Enable
ADDRESS:
MODE:
0x03
R/W
BIT
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
NAME
—
—
NoiseIntEn
RBreakIEn
FrameErrIEn
ParityIEn
ROverrIEn
RTimoutIEn
RESET
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
The LSRIntEn allows routing of LSR interrupt bits to the ISR[0].
Bits 7 and 6: No Function
Bit 5: NoiseIntEn
Set the NoiseIntEn bit high to enable routing the RxNoise interrupt to LSR[0]. If NoiseIntEn is set low, RxNoise is not
routed to LSR[0].
Bit 4: RBreaklEn
Set the RBreakIEn bit high to enable routing the RxBreak interrupt to LSR[0]. If RBreakIEn is set low, RxBreak is not
routed to LSR[0].
Bit 3: FrameErrlEn
Set the FrameErrIEn bit high to enable routing the FrameErr interrupt to LSR[0]. If FrameErrIEn is set low, FrameErr is
not routed to LSR[0].
Bit 2: ParitylEn
Set the ParityIEn bit high to enable routing the RxParityErr interrupt to LSR[0]. If ParityIEn is set low, RxParityErr is not
routed to the LSR[0].
Bit 1: ROverrlEN
Set the ROverrIEn bit high to enable routing the RxOverrun interrupt to LSR[0]. If ROverrIEn is set low, RxOverrun is
not routed to LSR[0].
Bit 0: RTimoutlEn
Set the RTimoutIEn bit high to enabled routing the RTimeout interrupt to LSR[0]. If RTimoutIEn is set low, the RTimeout
is not routed to LSR[0].
26 ��
SPI/I2C UART with 128-Word FIFOs
ADDRESS:
MODE:
0x04
R
BIT
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
NAME
CTSbit
—
RxNoise
RxBreak
FrameErr
RxParityErr
RxOverrun
RTimeout
RESET
X
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
The LSR shows all errors related to the word previously read out of the RxFIFO. The LSR bits are not cleared upon a
read; these bits stay set until the character with errors is read out of the RHR. The LSR also reflects the current state
of the CTS input.
Bit 7: CTSbit
The CTSbit reflects the current logic state of the CTS input. This bit is cleared when the CTS input is low. Following a
power-up or reset, the logic state of the CTS bit depends on the CTS input.
Bit 6: No Function
Bit 5: RxNoise
If noise is detected on the RX input during reception of a character, the RxNoise bit is set for that character. The
RxNoise bit indicates that there was noise on the line while the character most recently read from the RHR was
received. The RxNoise flag can generate an ISR[0] interrupt, if enabled through LSRIntEn[5].
Bit 4: RxBreak
If a line BREAK (RX input low for a period longer than the programmed character duration) is detected, a BREAK
character is put in the RxFIFO and the RxBreak bit is set for this character. A BREAK character is represented by an
all-zeros data character. The RxBreak bit distinguishes a regular character with all zeros from a BREAK character.
LSR[4] corresponds to the character most recently read from the RHR. The RxBreak flag can generate an ISR[0] interrupt, if enabled through LSRIntEn[4].
Bit 3: FrameErr
The FrameErr bit is set high when the received data frame does not match the expected frame format in length.
FrameErr corresponds to the frame error of the character most recently read from the RHR. A frame error is related to
errors in expected STOP bits.
The FrameErr flag can generate an ISR[0] interrupt, if enabled, through LSRIntEn[3].
Bit 2: RxParityErr
If the parity computed on the character being received does not match the received character’s parity bit, the
RxParityErr bit is set for that character. RxParityErr indicates a parity error for the word most recently read from the RHR.
In 9-bit multidrop mode (MODE2[6] = 1) the receiver does not check parity and the RxParityErr represents the 9th (i.e.,
address or data) bit.
The RxParityErr flag can generate an ISR[0] interrupt, if enabled through LSRIntEn[2].
Bit 1: RxOverrun
If the receive FIFO is full and additional data is received that does not fit into the receive FIFO, the RxOverrun bit is set.
The receive FIFO retains the data in it and discards all new data that does not fit into it. The RxOverrun indication is
cleared after the LSR is read or the RxFIFO level falls below its maximum. The RxOverrun flag can generate an ISR[0]
interrupt, if enabled through LSRIntEn[1].
______________________________________________________________________________________ 27
MAX3107
LSR—Line Status Register
MAX3107
SPI/I2C UART with 128-Word FIFOs
Bit 0: RTimeout
The RTimeout bit indicates that stale data is present in the receive FIFO. RTimeout is set when the youngest character
resides in the RxFIFO for longer than the period programmed into the RxTimeOut register. The timeout counter restarts
when at least one character is read out of the RxFIFO or a new character is received by the RxFIFO. If the value in
RxTimeOut is zero, RTimeout is disabled. RTimeout is cleared when a word is read out of the RxFIFO or a new word is
received. The RTimeout flag can generate an ISR[0] interrupt, if enabled through LSRIntEn[0].
SpclChrIntEn—Special Character Interrupt Enable Register
ADDRESS:
MODE:
0x05
R/W
BIT
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
NAME
—
—
MltDrpIntEn
BREAKIntEn
XOFF2IntEn
XOFF1IntEn
XON2IntEn
XON1IntEn
RESET
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Bits 7 and 6: No Function
Bit 5: MltDrpIntEn
The MltDrpIntEn bit enables routing the SpclCharInt[5]: MultiDropInt interrupt to ISR[1]. If MltDrpIntEn is set low
(default), the MultiDropInt is not routed to the ISR[1].
Bit 4: BREAKIntEn
The BREAKIntEn bit enables routing the SpclCharInt[4]: BREAKInt interrupt to ISR[1]. If BREAKIntEn is set low (default),
the BREAKInt is not routed to the ISR[1].
Bit 3: XOFF2IntE
The XOFF2IntEn bit enables routing the SpclCharInt[3]: XOFF2Int interrupt to ISR[1]. If XOFF2IntEn is set low (default),
the XOFF2Int is not routed to the ISR[1].
Bit 2: XOFF1IntEn
The XOFF1IntEn bit enables routing the SpclCharInt[2]: XOFF1Int interrupt to ISR[1]. If XOFF1IntEn is set low (default),
the XOFF1Int is not routed to the ISR[1].
Bit 1: XON2IntEn
The XON2IntEn bit enables routing the SpclCharInt[1]: XON2Int interrupt to ISR[1]. If XON2IntEn is set low (default),
the XON2Int is not routed to the ISR[1].
Bit 0: XON1IntEn
The XON1IntEn bit enables routing the SpclCharInt[0]: XON1Int interrupt to ISR[1]. If XON1IntEn is set low (default),
the XON1Int is not routed to the ISR[1].
28 ��
SPI/I2C UART with 128-Word FIFOs
ADDRESS:
MODE:
0x06
COR
BIT
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
NAME
—
—
MultiDropInt
BREAKInt
XOFF2Int
XOFF1Int
XON2Int
XON1Int
RESET
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Bits 7 and 6: No Function
Bit 5: MultiDropInt
The MultiDropInt interrupt is set when the MAX3107 receives an address character in 9-bit multidrop mode
(MODE2[6] is 1). This bit is cleared when SpclCharInt is read. The SpclCharInt bit can be routed to ISR[1] by enabling
SpclChrIntEn[5].
Bit 4: BREAKInt
The BreakInt interrupt is set when a line BREAK (RX low for longer than one character length) is detected by the
receiver. This bit is cleared after SpclCharInt is read. The BREAKInt interrupt can be routed to ISR[1] by enabling
SpclChrIntEn[4].
Bit 3: XOFF2Int
The XOFF2Int interrupt bit is set when an XOFF2 special character is received and special character detection is
enabled, through MODE2[4]. This interrupt is cleared upon reading SpclCharInt. The XOFF2Int interrupt can be routed
to the ISR[1] interrupt bit, if enabled through SpclChrIntEn[3].
Bit 2: XOFF1Int
The XOFF1Int interrupt bit is set when an XOFF1 special character is received and special character detection is
enabled, through MODE2[4]. This interrupt is cleared upon reading SpclCharInt. The XOFF1Int interrupt can be routed
to the ISR[1] interrupt bit, if enabled through SpclChrIntEn[2].
Bit 1: XON2Int
The XON2Int interrupt bit is set when an XON2 special character is received and special character detection is
enabled, through MODE2[4]. This interrupt is cleared upon reading SpclCharInt. The XON2Int interrupt can be routed
to the ISR[1] interrupt bit, if enabled through SpclChrIntEn[1].
Bit 0: XON1Int
The XON1Int interrupt bit is set when an XON1 special character is received and special character detection is
enabled, through MODE2[4]. This interrupt is cleared upon reading SpclCharInt. The XON1Int interrupt can be routed
to the ISR[1] interrupt bit, if enabled through SpclChrIntEn[0].
______________________________________________________________________________________ 29
MAX3107
SpclCharInt—Special Character Interrupt Register
MAX3107
SPI/I2C UART with 128-Word FIFOs
STSIntEn—STS Interrupt Enable Register
ADDRESS:
MODE:
0x07
R/W
BIT
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
NAME
—
SleepIntEn
ClkRdyIntEn
—
GPI3IntEn
GPI2IntEn
GPI1IntEn
GPI0IntEn
RESET
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Bits 7 and 4: No Function
Bit 6: SleepIntEn
Set the SleepIntEn bit high to route the SleepInt status bit to the ISR[2]: STSInt. If set low, the STSIntEn masks the ISR[2]
bit from SleepInt.
Bit 5: ClkRdyIntEn
Set the ClkRdyIntEn bit high to route the ClockReady status bit to the ISR[2]: STSInt bit. If set low, the ClkRdyIntEn
masks the ISR[2] bit from the ClockReady status.
Bits 3–0: GPI[3:0]IntEn
The GPI[3:0]IntEn bits that are set high route the associated STSInt[3:0]: GPI[3:0]Int bits to the ISR[2] interrupt. GPI[3:0]
IntEn bits that are set low, mask the ISR[2] interrupt from the associated GPI[3:0]Int bit.
STSInt—Status Interrupt Register
ADDRESS:
MODE:
0x08
R/COR
BIT
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
NAME
—
SleepInt
ClockReady
—
GPI3Int
GPI2Int
GPI1Int
GPI0Int
RESET
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Bits 7 and 4: No Function
Bit 6: SleepInt
The SleepInt bit is set when the MAX3107 enters sleep mode. The SleepInt bit is cleared when the MAX3107 exits sleep
mode. This status bit is cleared when the clock is disabled and cannot be cleared upon reading. The SleepInt bit can
generate an ISR[2]: STSInt interrupt, if enabled through STSIntEn[6].
Bit 5: ClockReady
The ClockReady bit is set high when the clock, the divider, and the PLL have settled, and the MAX3107 is ready for
data communication. The ClockReady bit only works with the crystal oscillator. It does not work with external clocking
through XIN.
The ClockReady status bit is cleared when the clock is disabled and is not cleared upon read. This bit can generate
an ISR[2]: STSInt interrupt, if enabled through STSIntEn[5].
Bits 3–0: GPI[3:0]Int
The GPI[3:0]Int interrupts are set high when a change of logic state occurs on the associated GPIO_ input. GPI[3:0]Int
is cleared upon reading. These interrupts can be selectively routed to the ISR[2] interrupt bit through the STSIntEn[3:0].
30 ��
SPI/I2C UART with 128-Word FIFOs
ADDRESS:
MODE:
0x09
R/W
BIT
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
NAME
IRQSel
AutoSleep
ForcedSleep
TrnscvCtrl
RTSHiZ
TxHiZ
TxDisabl
RxDisabl
RESET
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Bit 7: IRQSel
Depending on the logic level of the IRQSel bit, IRQ has different meanings. After a hardware or software (MODE2[0])
reset, the IRQSel bit is set low and after a short delay, the IRQ output signals the end of the MAX3107’s power-up
sequence. The IRQ is low during power-up and transitions to high when the MAX3107 is ready to be programmed.
IRQSel can then be set high. In this case, IRQ becomes a regular interrupt output that signals pending interrupts, as
indicated in the ISR. Details of the IRQSel are described in the Power-Up and IRQ section.
Bit 6: AutoSleep
Set the AutoSleep bit high to set the MAX3107 to automatically enter low-power sleep mode after a period of no activity (see the Autosleep Mode section). A STSInt[6]: SleepInt interrupt is generated when the MAX3107 goes to sleep or
wakes up.
Bit 5: ForcedSleep
Set the ForcedSleep bit high to force the MAX3107 into low-power sleep mode (see the Sleep Mode section). The current sleep or wake state can be read out through this ForcedSleep bit, even when the UART is in sleep mode.
Bit 4: TrnscvCtrl
This bit enables the automatic transceiver direction control. Set TrnscvCtrl high so that RTS/CLKOUT automatically
controls the transceiver’s transmit/receive enable/disable inputs. Setting TrnscvCtrl high sets RTS/CLKOUT low so
that the transceiver is in receive mode. When the TxFIFO contains data available for transmission, the auto direction
control sets RTS/CLKOUT high before the transmitter sends out the data. When the transmitter is empty, RTS/CLKOUT
is automatically forced low again.
Setup and hold times of RTS/CLKOUT with respect to the TX output can be defined through the HDplxDelay register.
A transmitter empty interrupt ISR[5] is generated when the transmitter is empty.
Bit 3: RTSHiZ
Set the RTSHiZ bit high to three-state RTS/CLKOUT.
Bit 2: TxHiZ
Set the TxHiz bit high to three-state the TX output.
Bit 1: TxDisabl
Set the TxDisabl bit high to disable transmission. If the TxDisabl bit is set high during transmission, the transmitter completes sending out the current character and then ceases transmission. Data still present in the transmit FIFO remains
in the TxFIFO. The TX output is set to logic-high after transmission.
Bit 0: RxDisabl
Set the RxDisabl bit high to disable the receiver so that the receiver stops receiving data. All data present in the receive
FIFO remains in the RxFIFO.
______________________________________________________________________________________ 31
MAX3107
MODE1 Register
MAX3107
SPI/I2C UART with 128-Word FIFOs
MODE2 Register
ADDRESS:
MODE:
0x0A
R/W
BIT
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
NAME
EchoSuprs
MultiDrop
Loopback
SpecialChr
RxEmtyInv
RxTrigInv
FIFORst
RST
RESET
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Bit 7: EchoSuprs
Set the EchoSuprs bit high so that the MAX3107’s receiver gates any data it receives when its transmitter is busy
transmitting. In half-duplex communication (like IrDA and RS-485) this allows blocking of the locally echoed data. The
receiver can block data for an extended time after the transmitter ceases transmission by programming a hold time in
HDplxDelay[3:0] bits.
Bit 6: MultiDrop
Set the MultiDrop bit high to enable the 9-bit multidrop mode. If this bit is set, parity checking is not performed by the
receiver and parity generation is not done by the transmitter. The parity error bit, LSR[2], has a different meaning in
this case. The parity error bit represents the 9th bit (address/data indication) that is received with each 9-bit character.
Bit 5: Loopback
Set the Loopback bit high to enable internal local loopback mode. This internally connects TX to RX and also RTS/
CLKOUT to CTS. In local loopback mode, the TX output and the RX output are disconnected from the internal transmitter and receiver. The TX output is in three-state. The RTS output remains connected to the internal logic and reflects the
logic state programmed in LCR[7]. The CTS input is disconnected from RTS and the internal logic. CTS thus remains
in a high-impedance state.
Bit 4: SpecialChr
The SpecialChr bit enables special character detection. The receiver can detect up to four special characters, as
selected in FlowCtrl:[5:4] and defined in the XON1, XON2, XOFF1 and/or XOFF2 registers, possibly in combination with
GPIO_ inputs, enabled through FlowCtrl[2]: GPIAddr. When a special character is received it is put into the RxFIFO and
a special character detect interrupt ISR[1] is generated.
Special character detection can be used in addition to auto XON/XOFF flow control, if enabled through FlowCtrl[3]. In
this case XON/OFF flow control is then limited to single character XON and XOFF and only two special characters can
then be defined (in XON2 and XOFF2).
Bit 3: RxEmtyInv
The RxEmtyInv bit inverts the meaning of the receiver empty interrupt: ISR[6]: RxEmtyInt. If RxEmtyInv is set low (default
state), the ISR[6] interrupt is generated when the receive FIFO is empty. If the RxEmtyInv is set high, the ISR[6] interrupt
is generated when data is put into the empty receive FIFO.
Bit 2: RxTrigInv
The RxTrigInv bit inverts the meaning of the RxFIFO triggering. When set, an ISR[3]: RFifoTrigInt is generated when
the RxFIFO is emptied to the trigger level: FIFOTrgLvl[7:4]. If the RxTrgInv bit is low (default state), the ISR[3] interrupt
is generated when the RxFIFO fill level that starts from a level below FIFOTrgLvl[7:4] is filled up to the trigger level
programmed into FIFOTrgLvl[7:4].
Bit 1: FIFORst
Set the FIFORst bit high to clear both the receive and transmit FIFOs of all data contents. After the FIFO reset, the
FIFORst bit must then be set back to 0 to continue normal operation.
Bit 0: RST
Set the RST bit high to reset the MAX3107. The SPI/I2C bus stays active during this reset, therefore, communication
with the MAX3107 is possible. All register bits are reset to their reset state and all FIFOs are cleared.
Once set high, the RST bit must be cleared by writing a 0 to RST.
32 ��
SPI/I2C UART with 128-Word FIFOs
ADDRESS:
MODE:
0x0B
R/W
BIT
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
NAME
RTS
TxBreak
ForceParity
EvenParity
ParityEn
StopBits
Length1
Length0
RESET
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
Bit 7: RTS
The RTS bit gives direct control of the RTS/CLKOUT output logic. If the RTS bit is set high, then RTS/CLKOUT is set to
logic-high. The RTS bit only works if the CLKSource[7]:CLKtoRTS is not set high.
Bit 6: TxBreak
Set TxBreak to 1 to generate a line break whereby the TX output is held low until TxBreak is set to 0.
Bit 5: ForceParity
ForceParity enables forced parity, as used in 9-bit multidrop communication. Set both LCR[3] and ForceParity to use
forced parity. The parity bit is forced high by the transmitter if LCR[4] low. The parity bit is forced low if LCR[4] is high.
Bit 4: EvenParity
Set EvenParity high to enable even parity. If EvenParity is set low odd parity generation/checking is used.
Bit 3: ParityEn
The ParityEn bit enables the use of a parity bit on the TX and RX interfaces. When ParityEn is low, then parity usage
is disabled. When ParityEn is set to 1, the transmitter generates the parity bit as defined in LCR[4] and the receiver
checks the received parity bit.
Bit 2: StopBits
This defines the number of STOP bits and depends on the length of the word programmed in LCR[1:0] (Table 1). When
StopBits is high and the word length is 5, the transmitter generates a word with a STOP bit length equal to 1.5. Under
these conditions, the receiver recognizes a STOP bit length greater than a 1-bit duration.
Bits 1 and 0: Length[1:0]
The Length[1:0] bits configure the length of the words that the transmitter generates and the receiver checks for at the
asynchronous TX and RX interfaces (Table 2).
Table 1. StopBits Truth Table
Table 2. Length[1:0] Truth Table
LCR[2]
WORD LENGTH
STOP BIT LENGTH
Length1
Length0
WORD LENGTH
0
5, 6, 7, 8
1
0
0
5
1
5
1–1.5
0
1
6
1
6, 7, 8
2
1
0
7
1
1
8
______________________________________________________________________________________ 33
MAX3107
LCR—Line Control Register
MAX3107
SPI/I2C UART with 128-Word FIFOs
RxTimeOut—Receiver Timeout Register
ADDRESS:
MODE:
0x0C
R/W
BIT
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
NAME
TimOut7
TimOut6
TimOut5
TimOut4
TimOutO3
TimOut2
TimOut1
TimOut0
RESET
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Bits 7–0: TimOut[7:0]
The receive data timeout bits allow programming a time delay after the last (newest) character in the receive FIFO was
received until a receive data timeout LSR[0] interrupt is generated. The duration is measured in character intervals and
is dependent on the character length, parity, and STOP bit setting and is inversely proportional to the baud rate. If the
RxTimeOut value equals zero, a timeout interrupt is not generated.
HDplxDelay Register
ADDRESS:
MODE:
0x0D
R/W
BIT
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
NAME
Setup3
Setup2
Setup1
Setup0
Hold3
Hold2
Hold1
Hold0
RESET
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
The HDplxDelay register allows programming setup and hold times between RTS/CLKOUT and the TX output in auto
transceiver direction control mode: MODE1[4] is 1. The Hold[3:0] time can also be used for echo suppression in halfduplex communication. HDplxDelay also functions in the 2x and 4x rate modes.
Bits 7–4: Setup[7:4]
The Setupx bits define a setup time for RTS/CLKOUT to transition high before the transmitter starts transmission of its
first character in auto transceiver direction control mode: MODE1[4]. This allows the MAX3107 to account for skew differences of the external transmitter’s enable delay and propagation delays. Setup[7:4] can also be used to fix a stable
state on the transmission line prior to start of transmission.
The unit of the HDplxDelay setup time delay is a 1-bit interval, making this delay baud-rate dependent. The maximum
delay is 15-bit intervals.
Bits 3–0: Hold[3:0]
The Hold[3:0] bits define a hold time for RTS/CLKOUT to be held stable (high) after the transmitter ends transmission
of its last character in auto transceiver direction control mode: MODE1[4]. RTS/CLKOUT turns low after the last STOP
bit was sent with a Hold[3:0] delay. This keeps the external transmitter enabled during the hold duration.
The second factor that the Hold[3:0] bits define, is a delay in echo suppression mode, MODE2[7]. See the Echo
Suppression section for more information.
The unit of the HDplxDelay hold time delay is a 1-bit interval, making the delay baud-rate dependent. The maximum
delay is 15-bit intervals.
34 ��
SPI/I2C UART with 128-Word FIFOs
ADDRESS:
MODE:
0x0E
R/W
BIT
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
NAME
—
—
TxInv
RxInv
MIR
—
SIR
IrDAEn
RESET
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
The IrDA allows selection of IrDA SIR and MIR-compliant pulse shaping at the TX and RX interfaces. It also allows
inversion of the TX and RX logic, independently of whether IrDA is enabled or not.
Bits 7 and 6: No Function
Bit 5: TxInv
Set the TxInv bit high to invert the logic at the TX output. This is independent of IrDA operation.
Bit 4: RxInv
Set the RxInv bit high to invert the logic state at the RX input. This is independent of IrDA operation.
Bit 3: MIR
Set the MIR and IrDAEn bits high to select IrDA 1.1 (MIR) with 1/4 period pulse widths.
Bit 2: No Function
Bit 2 must be kept logic 0.
Bit 1: SIR
Set the SIR bit and the IrDAEn bits high to select IrDA 1.0 pulses (SIR) with 3/16th period pulses.
Bit 0: IrDAEn
Set the IrDAEn bit high so that IrDA-compliant pulses are produced at the TX output and the MAX3107 receiver expects
such pulses at its Rx input. If IrDAEn is set to low (default), normal (nonIrDA) pulses are generated and expected at
the receiver. IrDAEn must be used in conjunction with the SIR or MIR select bits.
FlowLvl is used for selecting the RxFIFO threshold levels used for software (XON/XOFF) and hardware (RTS/CTS) flow control.
FlowLvl—Flow Level Register
ADDRESS:
MODE:
0x0F
R/W
BIT
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
NAME
Resume3
Resume2
Resume1
Resume0
Halt3
Halt2
Halt1
Halt0
RESET
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Bits 7–4: Resume[7:4]
Resume[7:4] sets the transmit FIFO threshold at which an XON is automatically sent or RTS/CLKOUT is automatically set low. This signals the far-end station to start transmission. The actual threshold level is calculated as 8 times
Resume[7:4]. The resulting level is in the range of 0 to 120.
Bits 3–0: Halt[3:0]
Halt[3:0] sets a receive FIFO threshold level at which an XOFF is automatically sent or RTS/CLKOUT is automatically set
high, depending on whether auto software or hardware flow control is enabled. This signals the far-end station to halt
transmission. The actual threshold level is calculated as 8 times Halt[3:0]. Hence, the selectable threshold granularity
is eight. The resulting level is in the range of 0 to 120.
______________________________________________________________________________________ 35
MAX3107
IrDA Register
MAX3107
SPI/I2C UART with 128-Word FIFOs
FIFOTrgLvl—FIFO Interrupt Trigger Level Register
ADDRESS:
MODE:
0x10
R/W
BIT
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
NAME
RxTrig3
RxTrig2
RxTrig1
RxTrig0
TxTrig3
TxTrig2
TxTrig1
TxTrig0
RESET
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
Bits 7–4: RxTrig[3:0]
These 4 bits allow definition of the receive FIFO threshold level at which an ISR[3] interrupt is generated. This can be
used to signal that the receive FIFO is nearing overflow or that a predefined number of FIFO locations are available for
being read out in one block.
The actual FIFO trigger level is 8 times RxTrig[7:4], hence, the selectable threshold granularity is eight.
Bits 3–0: TxTrig[3:0]
These 4 bits allow definition of the transmit FIFO threshold level at which the MAX3107 generates an ISR[4] interrupt.
This can be used to manage data flow to the transmit FIFO. For example, if the trigger level is defined near the bottom
of the TxFIFO, the host knows that a predefined number of FIFO locations are available for being written to in one block.
Alternatively, if the trigger level is set near the top of the FIFO, the host is warned when the transmit FIFO is nearing
overflow, if written to on a word-by-word basis.
The actual FIFO trigger level is 8 times TxTrig[3:0], hence, the selectable threshold granularity is eight.
TxFIFOLvl—Transmit FIFO Level Register
ADDRESS:
MODE:
0x11
R
BIT
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
NAME
TxFL7
TxFL6
TxFL5
TxFL4
TxFL3
TxFL2
TxFL1
TxFL0
RESET
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Bits 7–0: TxFL[7:0]
The TxFIFOLvl register represents the current number of words in the transmit FIFO.
RxFIFOLvl—Receive FIFO Level Register
ADDRESS:
MODE:
0x12
R
BIT
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
NAME
RxFL7
RxFL6
RxFL5
RxFL4
RxFL3
RxFL2
RxFL1
RxFL0
RESET
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Bits 7–0: RxFL[7:0]
The RxFIFOLvl register represents the current number of words in the receive FIFO.
36 ��
SPI/I2C UART with 128-Word FIFOs
ADDRESS:
MODE:
0x13
R/W
BIT
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
NAME
SwFlow3
SwFlow2
SwFlow1
SwFlow0
SwFlowEn
GPIAddr
AutoCTS
AutoRTS
RESET
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Bits 7–4: SwFlow[3:0]
The SwFlow[3:0] bits configure auto software flow control and/or special character detection in combination with the
characters defined in the XON1, XON2, XOFF1 and/or XOFF2 registers. See Table 3.
FlowCtrl[5:4] select which of the XON1, XON2, XOFF1 or/and XOFF2 characters are used for special character detection and/or auto flow control. If auto receiver flow control is enabled through SwFlowEn and FlowCtrl[7:6], the XON and
XOFF characters that the MAX3107 receives are filtered out and are not put into the RxFIFO. Set the SwFlowEn bit to
0 and set MODE2[4] to 1 to only enable special character detection. Under these conditions, auto flow transmit flow
control is not active.
If both special character detection (MODE2[4]) and auto software flow control (FlowCtrl[3]) are to be enabled, XON1
and XOFF1 define the auto flow control characters, while XON2 and XOFF2 define the special character detection
characters.
Bit 3: SwFlowEn
The SwFlowEn bit enables auto software flow control. The characters used for auto software flow control are selected in
SwFlow[7:4]. If special character detection (MODE2[4] set to 1) is used in addition to auto software flow control, XON1
and XOFF1 are used for flow control, while XON2 and XOFF2 define the special characters.
Bit 2: GPIAddr
The GPIAddr bit, when set, enables that the four GPIO_ inputs are used in conjunction with XOFF2 for the definition of a
special character. This can be used, for example, for defining the address of a RS-485 slave device through hardware.
The GPIO_ inputs logic levels, which define the 4 LSBs of the special character, while the 4 MSBs are defined by the
XOFF2[7:4] bits. If GPIAddr is set, the contents of the XOFF2[3:0] bits are neglected. In this case, the XOFF2[3:0] bits,
when read, also do not reflect the logic on GPIO_.
Bit 1: AutoCTS
The AutoCTS bit enables auto CTS flow control by which the transmitter stops and starts sending data depending on
the logic state at the CTS input. See the Auto Hardware Flow Control section for a description of AutoCTS flow control. Logic changes at the CTS input result in an ISR[7]: CTSInt interrupt. The transmitter must be turned off by setting
MODE1[1] to 1 before AutoCTS is enabled.
Bit 0: AutoRTS
The AutoRTS bit enables auto RTS flow control by which the MAX3107 sets its RTS/CLKOUT output dependent on
the receive FIFO fill level. The FIFO thresholds at which RTS/CLKOUT changes state are set in FlowLvl. See the Auto
Hardware Flow Control section for more information.
______________________________________________________________________________________ 37
MAX3107
FlowCtrl—Flow Control Register
MAX3107
SPI/I2C UART with 128-Word FIFOs
Table 3. SwFlow[3:0] Truth Table
SwFlow3
SwFlow2
SwFlow1
SwFlow0
TRANSMITTER FLOW
CONTROL/SPECIAL
CHARACTER DETECTION
RECEIVER FLOW
CONTROL
DESCRIPTION
0
0
0
0
No flow control/no character detection.
0
0
X
X
No receiver flow control.
1
0
X
X
Transmitter generates XON1, XOFF1.
0
1
X
X
Transmitter generates XON2, XOFF2.
1
1
X
X
Transmitter generates XON1, XON2, XOFF1, and XOFF2.
X
X
0
0
No transmitter flow control.
X
X
1
0
Receiver compares XON1 and XOFF1 and controls the
transmitter accordingly. XON1 and XOFF1 special character
detection.
X
X
0
1
Receiver compares XON2 and XOFF2 and controls the
transmitter accordingly. XON2 and XOFF2 special character
detection.
X
X
1
1
Receiver compares XON1, XON2, XOFF1, and XOFF2 and
controls the transmitter accordingly. XON1, XON2, XOFF1,
and XOFF2 special character detection.
X = Don’t care
XON1 Register
ADDRESS:
MODE:
0x14
R/W
BIT
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
NAME
Bit7
Bit6
Bit5
Bit4
Bit3
Bit2
Bit1
Bit0
RESET
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
The XON1 and XON2 register contents define the XON characters used for auto XON/XOFF flow control and/or the
special characters used for special character detection. See details in the FlowCtrl register description.
Bits 7–0: Bit[7:0]
These bits define the XON1 character if single-character XON auto software flow control is enabled in FlowCntrl[7:4].
If double-character flow control is selected in FlowCntrl[7:4], these bits constitute the LSB of the XON character. If
special character detection is enabled in MODE2[4] and auto flow control is not enabled, these bits define a special
character. If special character detection and auto software flow control are enabled, XON1 defines the XON flow control character.
38 ��
SPI/I2C UART with 128-Word FIFOs
ADDRESS:
MODE:
0x15
R/W
BIT
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
NAME
Bit7
Bit6
Bit5
Bit4
Bit3
Bit2
Bit1
Bit0
RESET
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
The XON1 and XON2 register contents define the XON characters for auto XON/XOFF flow control and/or the special
characters used in special character detection. See details in the FlowCtrl register description.
Bits 7–0: Bit[7:0]
These bits define the XON2 character if single-character auto software flow control is enabled in FlowCntrl[7:4]. If double-character flow control is selected in FlowCntrl[7:4], these bits constitute the MSB of the XON character. If special
character detection is enabled in MODE2[4], and auto software flow control is not enabled, these bits define a special
character. If both special character detection and auto software flow control are enabled (MODE2[4] and FlowCntrl[3]),
these bits define a special character.
XOFF1 Register
ADDRESS:
MODE:
0x16
R/W
BIT
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
NAME
Bit7
Bit6
Bit5
Bit4
Bit3
Bit2
Bit1
Bit0
RESET
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
The XOFF1 and XOFF2 register contents define the XOFF characters for auto XON/XOFF flow control and/or the special
characters used in special character detection. See details in the FlowCtrl register description.
Bits 7–0: Bit[7:0]
These bits define the XOFF1 character if single-character XOFF auto software flow control is enabled in FlowCntrl[7:4].
If double character flow control is selected in FlowCntrl[7:4], these bits constitute the LSB of the XOFF character. If
special character detection is enabled in MODE2[4] and auto software flow control is not enabled, these bits define a
special character. If special character detection and software flow control are both enabled, XOFF1 defines the XOFF
flow control character.
______________________________________________________________________________________ 39
MAX3107
XON2 Register
MAX3107
SPI/I2C UART with 128-Word FIFOs
XOFF2 Register
ADDRESS:
MODE:
0x17
R/W
BIT
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
NAME
Bit7
Bit6
Bit5
Bit4
Bit3
Bit2
Bit1
Bit0
RESET
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
The XOFF1 and XOFF2 register contents define the XOFF characters for auto XON/XOFF flow control and/or special
characters used in special character detection. See details in the FlowCtrl register description.
Bits 7–0: Bit[7:0]
These bits define the XOFF2 character if auto software flow control is enabled in FlowCntrl[7:4]. If double-character flow control is selected in FlowCntrl[7:4], these bits constitute the MSB of the XOFF character. If special
character detection is enabled in MODE2[4] and auto flow control is not enabled, these bits define a special
character. If both special character detection and auto flow control are enabled (MODE2[4] and FlowCntrl[3]),
these bits define a special character.
GPIOConfg—GPIO Configuration Register
ADDRESS:
MODE:
0x18
R/W
BIT
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
NAME
GP3OD
GP2OD
GP1OD
GP0OD
GP3Out
GP2Out
GP1Out
GP0Out
RESET
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
The four GPIOs can be configured as inputs or outputs and can be operated in push-pull or open-drain mode. The
reference clock has to be active for the GPIOs to work.
Bits 7–4: GP[3:0]OD
Set the GP[3:0]OD bits to 1 to configure open-drain output or input operation. If GP[3:0]OD are 0 (default), the
GPIO_are push-pull outputs, if configured as outputs in GPIOConfg[3:0]. If configured as inputs in GPIOConfg[3:0],
the GPIO_ are high-impedance inputs with weak pulldowns.
Bits 3–0: GP[3:0]Out
The GP[3:0]Out bits configure the GPIO_ to be inputs or outputs. Set the GP[3:0]Out bits high to configure the associated GPIO_ as outputs. The GP[3:0]Out bits which are set low, are configured to be inputs.
GPIOData—GPIO Data Register
ADDRESS:
MODE:
0x19
R/W
BIT
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
NAME
GPI3Dat
GPI2Dat
GPI1Dat
GPI0Dat
GPO3Dat
GPO2Dat
GPO1Dat
GPO0Dat
RESET
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Bits 7–4: GPI[3:0]Dat
The GPI[3:0]Dat bits reflect the logic on GPIO_ when configured as inputs through GPIOConfg[3:0].
Bits 3–0: GPO[3:0]Dat
The GPO[3:0]Dat bits allows programming the logic state of the GPIO_, when these are configured as outputs through
GPIOConfg[3:0]. For open-drain operation, pullup resistors are needed on GPIO_.
40 ��
SPI/I2C UART with 128-Word FIFOs
ADDRESS:
MODE:
0x1A
R/W
BIT
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
NAME
PLLFactor1
PLLFactor0
PreDiv5
PreDiv4
PreDiv3
PreDiv2
PreDiv1
PreDiv0
RESET
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
Bits 7 and 6: PLLFactor[1:0]
The two PLLFactor[1:0] bits allow programming the PLL’s multiplication factor. The input and output frequencies of the
PLL have to be limited to the ranges shown in Table 4. Enable the PLL through CLKSource[2].
Bits 5–0: PreDiv[5:0]
The six PreDiv[5:0] bits allow programming the divisor of the PLL’s predivider. The divisor must be chosen such that the
output frequency of the predivider, which equals the PLL’s input frequency, is limited to the ranges shown in Table 4. The
input frequency of XIN is fCLK; fPLLIN = fCLK/PreDiv (Figure 4). PreDiv is an integer that must be in the range of 1 to 63.
fCLK
PREDIVIDER
fPLLIN
PLL
fREF
FRACTIONAL
BAUD-RATE
GENERATOR
Figure 14. PLL Signal Path
Table 4. PLLFactor[1:0] Selection Guide
fPLLIN
MULTIPLICATION
FACTOR
MIN
0
6
500kHz
1
48
850kHz
1
0
96
425kHz
1
1
144
390kHz
PLLFactor1
PLLFactor0
0
0
fREF
MAX
MIN
MAX
800kHz
3MHz
4.8MHz
1.2MHz
40.8MHz
56MHz
1MHz
40.8MHz
96MHz
667kHz
56MHz
96MHz
______________________________________________________________________________________ 41
MAX3107
PLLConfig—PLL Configuration Register
MAX3107
SPI/I2C UART with 128-Word FIFOs
BRGConfig—Baud-Rate Generator Configuration Register
ADDRESS:
MODE:
0x1B
R/W
BIT
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
NAME
—
—
4xMode
2xMode
FRACT3
FRACT2
FRACT1
FRACT0
RESET
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Bits 7 and 6: No Function
Bit 5: 4xMode
When the 4xMode bit is set high, the MAX3107 baud rate is quadruple the regular (16x sampling) baud rate. The
2xMode bit should be set low if 4xMode is enabled. See the 2x and 4x Rate Modes section for more information.
Bit 4: 2xMode
When the 2xMode bit is set high, the MAX3107 baud rate is double the regular (16x sampling) baud rate. See the 2x
and 4x Rate Modes section for a detailed description.
Bits 3–0: FRACT[3:0]
This is the fractional portion of the baud-rate generator divisor. Set FRACT[3:0] to zero if not used. See the Fractional
Baud-Rate Generator section for calculations.
DIVLSB—Baud-Rate Generator LSB Divisor Register
ADDRESS:
MODE:
0x1C
R/W
BIT
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
NAME
Div7
Div6
Div5
Div4
Div3
Div2
Div1
Div0
RESET
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
DIVLSB and DIVMSB define the baud-rate generator integer divisors. The minimum value is 1. See the Fractional Baud
Rate Generator section for more information.
Bits 7–0: Div[7:0]
Div[7:0] are the 8 LSBs of the integer divisor portion (DIV) of the baud-rate generator.
DIVMSB—Baud-Rate Generator MSB Divisor Register
ADDRESS:
MODE:
0x1D
R/W
BIT
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
NAME
Div15
Div14
Div13
Div12
Div11
Div10
Div9
Div8
RESET
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Bits 7–0: Div[15:8]
Div[15:8] is the MSB portion of the integer divisor (DIV).
42 ��
SPI/I2C UART with 128-Word FIFOs
ADDRESS:
MODE:
0x1E
R/W
BIT
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
NAME
CLKtoRTS
—
—
ClockEn
PLLBypass
PLLEn
CrystalEn
—
RESET
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
Bit 7: CLKtoRTS
Set the CLKtoRTS bit to 1 to route the baud-rate generator (16x baud rate) output clock to RTS/CLKOUT. The clock
frequency is a factor of 16x, 8x, or 4x of the baud rate, depending on the BRGConfig[5:4] settings.
Bits 6 and 5: No Function
Bit 4: ClockEn
Set the ClockEn bit high to enable an external clocking (crystal or clock generator at XIN). Set the ClockEn bit to 0 to
disable clocking.
Bit 3: PLLBypass
Set the PLLBypass bit high to enable bypassing the internal PLL and predivider.
Bit 2: PLLEn
Set the PLLEn bit high to enable the internal PLL. If PLLEn is set low, the internal PLL is disabled.
Bit 1: CrystalEn
Set the CrystalEn bit high to enable the crystal oscillator. When using an external clock source at XIN, CrystalEn must
be set low.
Bit 0: No Function
Always keep Bit 0 at logic 0.
RevID—Revision Identification Register
ADDRESS:
MODE:
0x1F
R
BIT
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
NAME
Bit7
Bit6
Bit5
Bit4
Bit3
Bit2
Bit1
Bit0
RESET
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
Bit 7–0: Bit[7:0]
The RevID register indicates the revision number of the MAX3107 silicon, starting with 0xA1. This can be used during
software development.
______________________________________________________________________________________ 43
MAX3107
CLKSource—Clock Source Register
MAX3107
SPI/I2C UART with 128-Word FIFOs
Serial Controller Interface
The MAX3107 can be controlled through SPI or I2C as
defined by the logic on I2C/SPI. See the Pin Configurations
for further details.
SPI Interface
the register address after each SPI data byte. Efficient
programming of multiple consecutive registers is thus
possible. Chip select, CS/A0, must be kept low during
the whole cycle. The SCLK/SCL clock continues clocking
throughout the burst access cycle. The burst cycle ends
when the SPI master pulls CS/A0 high.
The SPI supports both single-cycle and burst-read/write
access. The SPI master must generate clock and data
signals in SPI MODE0 (i.e., with clock polarity CPOL = 0
and clock phase CPHA = 0).
For example, writing 128 bytes into the TxFIFO can be
achieved by a burst write access through the following
sequence:
SPI Single-Cycle Access
Figure 15 shows a single-cycle read and Figure 16
shows a single-cycle write.
• Send SPI write command
SPI Burst Access
Burst access allows writing and reading in one block by
only defining the initial register address in the SPI command byte. Multiple characters can be loaded into the
transmit FIFO by using the THR (0x00) as the initial burst
read address. Similarly, multiple characters can be read
out of the receiver FIFO by using the RHR (0x00) as the
SPI’s burst read address. If the SPI burst address is different to 0x00, the MAX3107 automatically increments
• Pull CS/A0 low
• Send 128 byes
• Release CS/A0
This takes a total of (1 + 128) x 8 clock cycles.
I2C Interface
The MAX3107 contains an I2C-compatible interface for
data communication with a host processor (SCL and
SDA). The interface supports a clock frequency up to
400kHz. SCL and SDA require pullup resistors that are
connected to a positive supply.
CS
SCLK
SDI
R
A6
A5
A4
A3
A2
A1
A0
SDO
D7
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
D1
D0
D7
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
D1
D0
A_ = REGISTER ADDRESS
D_ = 8-BIT REGISTER CONTENTS
Figure 15. SPI Single-Cycle Read
CS
SCLK
SDI
W
A6
A5
A4
A3
A2
A1
A0
A_ = REGISTER ADDRESS
D_ = 8-BIT REGISTER CONTENTS
Figure 16. SPI Single-Cycle Write
44 ��
SPI/I2C UART with 128-Word FIFOs
Sr
P
SCL
SDA
Figure 17. I2C START, STOP, and Repeated START Conditions
Table 5. I2C Address Map
DIN/A1
CS/A0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
1
mode. The address is the first byte of information sent to
the MAX3107 after the START condition.
READ/
WRITE
I2C ADDRESS
W
0x58
R
0x59
W
0x5A
R
0x5B
W
0x5C
R
0x5D
W
0x5E
R
0x5F
START, STOP, and Repeated START Conditions
When writing to the MAX3107 using I2C, the master
sends a START condition (S) followed by the MAX3107
I2C address. After the address, the master sends
the register address of the register that is to be programmed. The master then ends communication by
issuing a STOP condition (P) to relinquish control of the
bus, or a repeated START condition (Sr) to communicate
to another I2C slave. See Figure 17.
Slave Address
The MAX3107 includes a 7-bit slave address. The first 5
bits (MSBs) of the slave address are factory-programmed
and always 01011. These slave addresses are unique
device IDs. Connect A1, A0 to ground or VL to set the
I2C slave address (Table 5). The address is defined as
the 7 MSBs followed by the read/write bit. Set the read/
write bit to 1 to configure the MAX3107 to read mode. Set
the read/write bit to 0 to configure the MAX3107 to write
Bit Transfer
One data bit is transferred during each SCL clock cycle.
The data on SDA must remain stable during the high
period of the SCL clock pulse. Changes in SDA while
SCL is high and stable are considered control signals
(see the START, STOP, and Repeated START Conditions
section). Both SDA and SCL remain high when the bus
is not active.
Single-Byte Write
With this operation the master sends an address and 1
or 2 data bytes to the slave device (Figure 18). The write
byte procedure is as follows:
1) The master sends a START condition.
2) The master sends the 7-bit slave ID plus a write bit (low).
3) The addressed slave asserts an ACK on the data line.
4) The master sends the 8-bit register address.
5) T
he active slave asserts an ACK on the data line only
if the address is valid (NACK if not).
6) The master sends the 8-bit data byte.
7) The slave asserts an ACK on the data line.
8) The master generates a STOP condition.
Burst Write
With this operation the master sends an address and
multiple data bytes to the slave device (Figure 19). The
burst write procedure is as follows:
1) The master sends a START condition.
______________________________________________________________________________________ 45
MAX3107
S
MAX3107
SPI/I2C UART with 128-Word FIFOs
WRITE SINGLE BYTE
S
DEVICE SLAVE ADDRESS - W
A
8 DATA BITS
A
FROM MASTER TO STAVE
REGISTER ADDRESS
A
P
FROM SLAVE TO MASTER
Figure 18. Write Byte Sequence
BURST WRITE
S
DEVICE SLAVE ADDRESS - W
A
REGISTER ADDRESS
A
8 DATA BITS - 1
A
8 DATA BITS - 2
A
8 DATA BITS - N
A
FROM MASTER TO STAVE
P
FROM SLAVE TO MASTER
Figure 19. Burst Write Sequence
READ SINGLE BYTE
S
DEVICE SLAVE ADDRESS - W
A
REGISTER ADDRESS
A
Sr
DEVICE SLAVE ADDRESS - R
A
8 DATA BITS
NA
FROM MASTER TO STAVE
P
FROM SLAVE TO MASTER
Figure 20. Read Byte Sequence
2) The master sends the 7-bit slave ID plus a write bit (low).
3) T
he addressed slave asserts an ACK on the data
line.
4) The master sends the 8-bit register address.
5) T
he slave asserts an ACK on the data line only if the
address is valid (NACK if not).
Single-Byte Read
With this operation the master sends an address and
receives 1 or 2 data bytes from the slave device
(Figure 20). The read byte procedure is as follows:
1) The master sends a START condition.
2) The master sends the 7-bit slave ID plus a write bit (low).
6) The master sends 8 bits of data.
3) The addressed slave asserts an ACK on the data line.
7) The slave asserts an ACK on the data line.
4) The master sends the 8-bit register address.
8) Repeat steps 6 and 7 N - 1 times.
5) T
he active slave asserts an ACK on the data line only
if the address is valid (NACK if not).
9) The master generates a STOP condition.
6) The master sends a repeated START (Sr).
46 ��
SPI/I2C UART with 128-Word FIFOs
MAX3107
BURST READ
S
DEVICE SLAVE ADDRESS - W
A
REGISTER ADDRESS
A
Sr
DEVICE SLAVE ADDRESS - R
A
8 DATA BITS - 1
A
8 DATA BITS - 2
A
8 DATA BITS - 3
A
8 DATA BITS - N
A
FROM MASTER TO STAVE
P
FROM SLAVE TO MASTER
Figure 21. Burst Read Sequence
7) T
he master sends the 7-bit slave ID plus a read bit
(high). 8) The slave asserts an ACK on the data line.
S
SCL
1
2
8
9
NOT ACKNOWLEDGE
9) The slave sends 8 bits of data.
10) The master asserts an ACK on the data line.
11) Repeat steps 9 and 10 N - 1 times.
SDA
ACKNOWLEDGE
Figure 22. Acknowledge
7) The master sends the 7-bit slave ID plus a read bit (high).
8) T
he addressed slave asserts an ACK on the data
line.
9) The slave sends 8 data bits.
10) The master asserts a NACK on the data line.
11) The master generates a STOP condition.
Burst Read
With this operation the master sends an address and
receives multiple data bytes from the slave device
(Figure 21). The burst read procedure is as follows:
1) The master sends a START condition.
2) The master sends the 7-bit slave ID plus a write bit (low).
3) The addressed slave asserts an ACK on the data line.
4) The master sends the 8-bit register address.
5) T
he slave asserts an ACK on the data line only if the
address is valid (NACK if not).
6) The master sends a repeated START condition.
12) The master generates a STOP condition.
Acknowledge
Data transfers are acknowledged with an acknowledge
bit (ACK) or a not-acknowledge bit (NACK). Both the
master and the MAX3107 generate ACK bits. To generate an ACK, pull SDA low before the rising edge of the
9th clock pulse and keep it low during the high period of
the 9th clock pulse (see Figure 22). To generate a NACK,
leave SDA high before the rising edge of the 9th clock
pulse and keep it high for the duration of the 9th clock
pulse. Monitoring for NACK bits allows for detection of
unsuccessful data transfers.
Applications Information
Startup and Initialization
The MAX3107 can be initialized following power-up or
a hardware or software reset as shown in Figure 23.
To verify that the MAX3107 is ready for operation after
a power-up or reset, check the IRQ output if interrupt
driven operation is employed.
In polled mode, repeatedly read a known register until
the expected contents are returned. Note that the contents of the RevID change if new revisions of the product
are released. If reading RevID, it is recommended to only
check for the most significant 4 bits: Ah.
______________________________________________________________________________________ 47
MAX3107
SPI/I2C UART with 128-Word FIFOs
ENABLE
INTERRUPTS
POWER-UP/
RST INPUT PULLED HIGH/
RST BIT SET LOW
CONFIGURE
FIFO CONTROL
IS IRQ HIGH?
OR
RevID READ
SUCCESSFULLY
N
CONFIGURE
FLOW CONTROL
Y
CONFIGURE
CLOCKING
CONFIGURE
GPIOs
CONFIGURE
MODES
START
COMMUNICATION
Figure 23. Startup and Initialization Flowchart
Low-Power Operation
To reduce the power consumption during normal operation, the following techniques can be adopted:
• D
o not use the internal PLL. This saves the most power
of the options listed here. Disable and bypass the PLL.
With the PLL enabled, the current to the VA supply is
in the range of a few mA (depending on clock and
multiplication factor), while it drops to below 1mA if
disabled.
• Keep the internal clock rates as low as possible.
• Use low voltage on the VA supply.
• Use an external 1.8V supply. This saves the power
dissipated in the internal 1.8V linear regulator for the
1.8V logic supply. Connect the external 1.8V supply to
V18 and disable the internal regulator by connecting
LDOEN to DGND.
Interrupts and Polling
The host controller can manage and control the MAX3107
through polling and/or through interrupts. In polled
mode, the IRQ physical interrupt output is not used and
the host controller polls the ISR register at frequent intervals to establish the state of the MAX3107.
Alternatively, the MAX3107’s physical IRQ interrupt
can be used to interrupt the host controller at specified
events, making polling unnecessary. The IRQ output is
an open-drain output that requires a pullup resistor to VL.
Logic-Level Translation
The MAX3107 can be directly connected to transceivers
and controllers that have different supply voltages. The
VL input defines the logic voltage levels of the controller interface while the VEXT voltage defines the logic of
the transceiver interface. This ensures flexibility when
selecting a controller and transceiver. Figure 24 is an
example of a setup when the controller, transceiver, and
the MAX3107 are powered by three different supplies.
48 ��
SPI/I2C UART with 128-Word FIFOs
3.3V
2.5V
VL
VDD
VA
VEXT
RST
MICROCONTROLLER
TX
DI
RX
RO
RTS/CLKOUT
DE
MAX3107
SPI/I2C
IRQ
AGND
VCC
MAX3078
TRANSCEIVER
DGND
Figure 24. Logic-Level Translation
RS-232 5x3 Application
TX
MAX3107
RX
SHARED
CONNECTOR
TX/D+
RX/D-
D+
OE
MAX13481E
D-
Figure 25. Connector Sharing with a USB Transceiver
Connector Pin Sharing
The TX and RTS/CLKOUT outputs can be programmed
to be high impedance. This can be used in cases where
the MAX3107 shares a common connector with other
communication devices. Set the output of the MAX3107
to high impedance when the other communication
devices are active. Program MODE1[2]: TxHiZ high to
set TX to a high-impedance state. Program MODE1[3]:
RTSHiZ high to set RTS/CLKOUT to a high-impedance
state. Figure 25 shows an example of connector sharing
with a USB transceiver.
The four GPIOs can be used to implement the other flowcontrol signals defined in ITU V.24. Figure 26 shows how
the GPIOs create the DSR, DTR, DCD, and RI signals
found on some RS-232/V.28 interfaces.
Set FlowCtrl[1:0] high to enable auto hardware RTS/CTS
flow control.
Typical Application Circuit
Figure 27 shows the MAX3107 being used in a halfduplex RS-485 application. The microcontroller, the
RS-485 transceiver, and the MAX3107 are powered
by 3.3V. SPI is used as the controller’s communication
interface.
The MAX14840 receiver is continually enabled so that
echoing occurs. Enable auto echo suppression in the
MAX3107 UART by setting MODE2[7]: EchoSuprs to 1.
Set MODE1[4]: TranscvCtrl high to enable auto transceiver direction control to automatically control the DE
input of the transceiver.
Chip Information
PROCESS: BiCMOS
______________________________________________________________________________________ 49
MAX3107
1.8V
MAX3107
SPI/I2C UART with 128-Word FIFOs
MAX3245
SPI/I2C
MAX3107
TX
T1IN
RX
R1OUT
RTS/CLKOUT
RST
CTS
MICROCONTROLLER
IRQ
Tx
Rx
T2IN
RTS
R2OUT
GPIO0
T3IN
GPIO1
R3OUT
GPIO2
R4OUT
GPIO3
R5OUT
CTS
DTR
DSR
LDOEN
DCD
RI
Figure 26. RS-232 Application
3.3V
100nF
VEXT
VA
VL
TX
LDOEN
SPI/I2C
RTS
10kΩ
IRQ
MICROCONTROLLER
MAX3107
RX
DI
A
DE
B
RO
RE
SPI
MAX14840
RST
CLOCK
XIN
AGND
XOUT
V18
DGND
1µF
100nF
Figure 27. RS-485 Half-Duplex Application
50 ��
SPI/I2C UART with 128-Word FIFOs
VA
V18
VL
LDOEN
VEXT
LDO
I2C/SPI
TX AND FIFO
DIN/A1
TX
SPI/I2C
DOUT/SDA
CS/A0
SCLK/SCL
REGISTERS
AND
CONTROL
LOGIC-LEVEL
TRANSLATION
CTS
FLOW
CONTROL
RTS/CLKOUT
LOGIC-LEVEL
TRANSLATION
RST
RX
Rx AND FIFO
IRQ
GPIO0
XIN
XOUT
CRYSTAL
OSCILLATOR
DIVIDER
FRACTIONAL
BAUD-RATE
GENERATOR
PLL
GPIO1
GPIO
GPIO2
GPIO3
MAX3107
AGND
DGND
Package Information
For the latest package outline information and land patterns (footprints), go to www.maxim-ic.com/packages. Note that a “+”, “#”,
or “-” in the package code indicates RoHS status only. Package drawings may show a different suffix character, but the drawing
pertains to the package regardless of RoHS status.
PACKAGE TYPE
PACKAGE CODE
OUTLINE NO.
LAND
PATTERN NO.
24 SSOP
A24+1
21-0056
90-0110
24 TQFN-EP
T243A3+1
21-0188
90-0122
______________________________________________________________________________________ 51
MAX3107
Functional Diagram
MAX3107
SPI/I2C UART with 128-Word FIFOs
Revision History
REVISION
NUMBER
REVISION
DATE
0
10/09
Initial release
—
1
4/10
Changed the maximum number for the “External Clock Frequency” specification
from 30MHz to 35MHz in the AC Electrical Characteristics table
8
Replaced the text in the SPI Burst Access section
44
4/10
Increased the maximum VIL specification for the XIN Clock Input in the Electrical
Characteristics from 0.2V to 0.3V.
8
8/11
Removed internal oscillator and updated register information; V18 capacitor
increased to 1FF; keep supplies powered during shutdown
2
3
DESCRIPTION
PAGES
CHANGED
1, 2, 6, 8,
11–18, 22, 24,
27, 30, 32, 35,
41, 43, 48–51
Maxim cannot assume responsibility for use of any circuitry other than circuitry entirely embodied in a Maxim product. No circuit patent licenses are implied.
Maxim reserves the right to change the circuitry and specifications without notice at any time.
52
© 2011
Maxim Integrated Products, 120 San Gabriel Drive, Sunnyvale, CA 94086 408-737-7600
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