19-3766; Rev 0; 7/05 KIT ATION EVALU E L B AVAILA 2.6W Stereo Audio Power Amplifier and DirectDrive Headphone Amplifier Features The MAX9779 combines a stereo, 2.6W audio power amplifier and stereo DirectDrive™ 110mW headphone amplifier in a single device. The headphone amplifier uses Maxim’s patented DirectDrive architecture that produces a ground-referenced output from a single supply, eliminating the need for large DC-blocking capacitors, saving cost, space, and component height. A high 90dB PSRR and low 0.01% THD+N ensures clean, low-distortion amplification of the audio signal through the Class AB speaker amplifiers. The MAX9779 features a single-supply voltage, a shutdown mode, logic-selectable gain, and a headphone sense input. Industry-leading click-and-pop suppression eliminates audible transients during power and shutdown cycles. ♦ No DC-Blocking Capacitors Required—Provides Industry’s Most Compact Notebook Audio Solution The MAX9779 is offered in a space-saving, thermally efficient 28-pin thin QFN (5mm x 5mm x 0.8mm) package. The device has thermal-overload and output short-circuit protection, and is specified over the extended -40°C to +85°C temperature range. ♦ Short-Circuit and Thermal-Overload Protection Applications Notebook PCs Flat-Panel TVs Tablet PCs Multimedia Monitors ♦ PC2001 Compliant ♦ 5V Single-Supply Operation ♦ Class AB 2.6W Stereo BTL Speaker Amplifiers ♦ 110mW DirectDrive Headphone Amplifiers ♦ High 90dB PSRR ♦ Low-Power Shutdown Mode ♦ Industry-Leading Click-and-Pop Suppression ♦ Low 0.01% THD+N at 1kHz ♦ Selectable Gain Settings (15dB, 16.5dB, 18dB, and 19.5dB) ♦ ±8kV ESD-Protected Headphone Driver Outputs ♦ Available in Space-Saving, Thermally Efficient Package 28-Pin Thin QFN (5mm x 5mm x 0.8mm) Portable DVD Players LCD Projectors Simplified Block Diagram Ordering Information PART MAX9779ETI+ AB TEMP RANGE PIN-PACKAGE -40°C to +85°C 28 Thin QFN-EP* +Denotes lead-free package. *EP = Exposed paddle. AB MAX9779 GAIN Pin Configuration appears at end of data sheet. ________________________________________________________________ Maxim Integrated Products For pricing, delivery, and ordering information, please contact Maxim/Dallas Direct! at 1-888-629-4642, or visit Maxim’s website at www.maxim-ic.com. 1 MAX9779 General Description MAX9779 2.6W Stereo Audio Power Amplifier and DirectDrive Headphone Amplifier ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS Supply Voltage (VDD, PVDD, HPVDD, CPVDD to GND)..........+6V GND to PGND.....................................................................±0.3V CPVSS, C1N, VSS to GND .........................-6.0V to (GND + 0.3V) HPOUT_ to GND ....................................................................±3V Any Other Pin .............................................-0.3V to (VDD + 0.3V) Duration of OUT_ _ Short Circuit to GND or PVDD .....Continuous Duration of OUT_+ Short Circuit to OUT_- .................Continuous Duration of HPOUT_ Short Circuit to GND, VSS or HPVDD .........................................................Continuous Continuous Current (PVDD, OUT_ _, PGND) ........................1.7A Continuous Current (CPVDD, C1N, C1P, CPVSS, VSS, HPVDD, HPOUT_) .......................................................................850mA Continuous Input Current (all other pins) .........................±20mA Continuous Power Dissipation (TA = +70°C) 28-Pin Thin QFN (derate 20.8mW/°C above +70°C) ..1667mW Junction Temperature ......................................................+150°C Operating Temperature Range ...........................-40°C to +85°C Storage Temperature Range .............................-65°C to +150°C Lead Temperature (soldering, 10s) .................................+300°C Stresses beyond those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specifications is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (VDD = PVDD = CPVDD = HPVDD = 5V, GND = PGND = CPGND = 0V, SHDN = VDD, CBIAS = 1µF, C1 = C2 = 1µF, speaker load terminated between OUT_+ and OUT_-, headphone load terminated between HPOUT_ and GND, GAIN1 = GAIN2 = 0V, TA = TMIN to TMAX, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at TA = +25°C.) (Note 1) PARAMETER SYMBOL CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS GENERAL Supply Voltage Range Headphone Supply Voltage VDD, PVDD Inferred from PSRR test 4.5 5.5 V CPVDD, HPVDD Inferred from PSRR test 3.0 5.5 V Quiescent Supply Current IDD Shutdown Supply Current ISHDN Bias Voltage VBIAS HPS = GND, speaker mode, RL = ∞ 14 29 HPS = VDD, headphone mode, RL = ∞ 7 13 SHDN = GND Switching Time tSW Gain or input switching Input Resistance RIN Amplifier inputs (Note 2) Turn-On Time mA 0.2 5 µA 1.7 1.8 1.9 V 10 20 30 kΩ 10 tSON µs 25 ms SPEAKER AMPLIFIER (HPS = GND) Output Offset Voltage VOS Measured between OUT_+ and OUT_-, TA = +25°C PVDD or VDD = 4.5V to 5.5V (TA = +25°C) Power-Supply Rejection Ratio (Note 3) 2 PSRR ±1 75 ±15 mV 90 f = 1kHz, VRIPPLE = 200mVP-P 80 f = 10kHz, VRIPPLE = 200mVP-P 55 _______________________________________________________________________________________ dB 2.6W Stereo Audio Power Amplifier and DirectDrive Headphone Amplifier (VDD = PVDD = CPVDD = HPVDD = 5V, GND = PGND = CPGND = 0V, SHDN = VDD, CBIAS = 1µF, C1 = C2 = 1µF, speaker load terminated between OUT_+ and OUT_-, headphone load terminated between HPOUT_ and GND, GAIN1 = GAIN2 = 0V, TA = TMIN to TMAX, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at TA = +25°C.) (Note 1) PARAMETER Output Power (Note 4) Total Harmonic Distortion Plus Noise SYMBOL POUT THD+N CONDITIONS MIN TYP RL = 8Ω 0.9 1.4 THD+N = 1%, f = 1kHz, TA = +25°C RL = 4Ω MAX W 2.3 RL = 3Ω UNITS 2.6 RL = 8Ω, POUT = 500mW, f = 1kHz 0.01 RL = 4Ω, POUT = 1W, f = 1kHz 0.02 % Noise Vn RL = 8Ω, POUT = 500mW, BW = 22Hz to 22kHz BW = 22Hz to 22kHz, A-weighted Capacitive-Load Drive CL No sustained oscillations 200 pF L to R, R to L, f = 10kHz 75 dB 1.4 V/µs Signal-to-Noise Ratio SNR Crosstalk Slew Rate SR Gain (Maximum Volume Setting) AVMAX(SPKR) 90 dB 80 µVRMS GAIN1 = 0, GAIN2 = 0 15 GAIN1 = 1, GAIN2 = 0 16.5 GAIN1 = 0, GAIN2 = 1 18 GAIN1 = 1, GAIN2 = 1 19.5 dB HEADPHONE AMPLIFIER (HPS = VDD) Output Offset Voltage Power-Supply Rejection Ratio (Note 3) Output Power VOS HPVDD = 3V to 5.5V, TA = +25°C PSRR POUT Total Harmonic Distortion Plus Noise Signal-to-Noise Ratio ±2 TA = +25°C THD+N SNR 60 f = 1kHz, VRIPPLE = 200mVP-P 73 f = 10kHz, VRIPPLE = 200mVP-P 63 THD+N = 1%, f = 1kHz, TA = +25°C RL = 32Ω 40 ±7 mV 75 dB 50 mW RL = 16Ω 110 RL = 32Ω, POUT = 20mW, f = 1kHz 0.007 RL = 16Ω, POUT = 75mW, f = 1kHz 0.03 RL = 32Ω, POUT = 50mW, BW = 22Hz to 22kHz % 95 dB Noise Vn BW = 22Hz to 22kHz 12 µVRMS Capacitive-Load Drive CL No sustained oscillations 200 pF Crosstalk L to R, R to L, f = 10kHz 88 Off-Isolation Any unselected input to any active input, f = 10kHz, input referred 74 Slew Rate ESD Gain SR ESD AV IEC air discharge dB 0.4 V/µs ±8 kV GAIN2 = 0, GAIN1 = X 0 GAIN2 = 1, GAIN1 = X 3 dB _______________________________________________________________________________________ 3 MAX9779 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued) MAX9779 2.6W Stereo Audio Power Amplifier and DirectDrive Headphone Amplifier ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued) (VDD = PVDD = CPVDD = HPVDD = 5V, GND = PGND = CPGND = 0V, SHDN = VDD, CBIAS = 1µF, C1 = C2 = 1µF, speaker load terminated between OUT_+ and OUT_-, headphone load terminated between HPOUT_ and GND, GAIN1 = GAIN2 = 0V, TA = TMIN to TMAX, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at TA = +25°C.) (Note 1) PARAMETER SYMBOL CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS fOSC 500 550 600 kHz Logic-Input High Voltage VIH 2 Logic-Input Low Voltage VIL 0.8 V Logic-Input Current IIN ±1 µA CHARGE PUMP Charge-Pump Frequency LOGIC INPUT (SHDN, GAIN1, GAIN2) V LOGIC-INPUT HEADPHONE (HPS) Logic-Input High Voltage VIH Logic-Input Low Voltage VIL Logic-Input Current IIN Note 1: Note 2: Note 3: Note 4: 4 2 V 0.8 10 All devices are 100% production tested at room temperature. All temperature limits are guaranteed by design. Guaranteed by design. Not production tested. PSRR is specified with the amplifier input connected to GND through CIN. Output power levels are measured with the thin QFN’s exposed paddle soldered to the ground plane. _______________________________________________________________________________________ V µA 2.6W Stereo Audio Power Amplifier and DirectDrive Headphone Amplifier 0.01 OUTPUT POWER = 1.25W 0.1 0.01 OUTPUT POWER = 500mW 0.0001 10k 10 100 1k 10k 100k 10 100 1k 10k 100k FREQUENCY (Hz) FREQUENCY (Hz) FREQUENCY (Hz) TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE vs. OUTPUT POWER (SPEAKER MODE) TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE vs. OUTPUT POWER (SPEAKER MODE) TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE vs. OUTPUT POWER (SPEAKER MODE) 1 f = 10kHz f = 1kHz 0.1 0.01 1 f = 10kHz f = 1kHz 0.1 VDD = 5V RL = 8Ω 10 THD+N (%) 10 0.01 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 f = 20Hz 0.001 0 3.5 f = 10kHz f = 1kHz 0.1 f = 20Hz 0.001 0 1 0.01 f = 20Hz 0.001 MAX9779 toc06 VDD = 5V RL = 4Ω THD+N (%) 10 100 MAX9779 toc05 100 MAX9779 toc04 VDD = 5V RL = 3Ω 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 0 0.5 1.0 1.5 OUTPUT POWER (W) OUTPUT POWER (W) OUTPUT POWER vs. LOAD RESISTANCE (SPEAKER MODE) POWER DISSIPATION vs. OUTPUT POWER (SPEAKER MODE) POWER-SUPPLY REJECTION RATIO vs. FREQUENCY (SPEAKER MODE) 2.5 2.0 THD+N = 1% 1.5 1.0 VDD = 5V f = 1kHz POUT = POUTL + POUTR 4 0 VRIPPLE = 200mVP-P OUTPUT REFERRED -10 -20 -30 3 PSRR (dB) THD+N = 10% POWER DISSIPATION (W) 3.0 5 MAX9779 toc07 3.5 MAX9779 toc09 OUTPUT POWER (W) MAX9779 toc08 THD+N (%) 0.01 0.0001 100k 100 OUTPUT POWER (W) OUTPUT POWER = 100mW 0.1 0.001 0.0001 1k 1 OUTPUT POWER = 600mW 0.001 100 VDD = 5V RL = 8Ω OUTPUT POWER = 500mW 0.001 10 10 MAX9779 toc03 VDD = 5V RL = 4Ω 1 THD+N (%) OUTPUT POWER = 1.5W 0.1 TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE vs. FREQUENCY (SPEAKER MODE) THD+N (%) VDD = 5V RL = 3Ω 1 THD+N (%) 10 MAX9779 toc01 10 TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE vs. FREQUENCY (SPEAKER MODE) MAX9779 toc02 TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE vs. FREQUENCY (SPEAKER MODE) RL = 4Ω 2 -50 -60 -70 RL = 8Ω 1 -40 -80 0.5 -90 0 0 1 10 LOAD RESISTANCE (Ω) 100 -100 0 1 2 OUTPUT POWER (W) 3 4 10 100 1k 10k 100k FREQUENCY (Hz) _______________________________________________________________________________________ 5 MAX9779 Typical Operating Characteristics (Measurement BW = 22Hz to 22kHz, TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.) Typical Operating Characteristics (continued) (Measurement BW = 22Hz to 22kHz, TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.) TURN-ON RESPONSE (SPEAKER MODE) CROSSTALK vs. FREQUENCY (SPEAKER MODE) MAX9779 toc11 MAX9779 toc10 0 VDD = 5V VRIPPLE = 200mVP-P RL = 4Ω -10 -20 CROSSTALK (dB) MAX9779 2.6W Stereo Audio Power Amplifier and DirectDrive Headphone Amplifier 5V/div SHDN -30 -40 -50 OUT_+ AND OUT_- -60 -70 -80 2V/div LEFT TO RIGHT -90 -100 -110 OUT_+ - OUT_- RIGHT TO LEFT 100mV/div RL = 8Ω -120 10 100 1k 10k 100k 20ms/div FREQUENCY (Hz) TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE vs. FREQUENCY (HEADPHONE MODE) MAX9779 toc12 VDD = 5V RL = 16Ω AV = 3dB 5V/div 1 SHDN 10 MAX9779 toc13 10 TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE vs. FREQUENCY (HEADPHONE MODE) VDD = 5V RL = 32Ω AV = 3dB 1 OUT_+ - OUT_- OUTPUT POWER = 45mW THD+N (%) 2V/div THD+N (%) OUTPUT POWER = 90mW OUT_+ AND OUT_- 0.1 0.01 MAX9779 toc14 TURN-OFF RESPONSE (SPEAKER MODE) OUTPUT POWER = 30mW 0.1 0.01 OUTPUT POWER = 10mW 20mV/div 0.001 0.001 RL = 8Ω 0.0001 10 OUTPUT POWER = 10mW VDD = 3.3V RL = 32Ω AV = 3dB 1000 VDD = 5V RL = 16Ω AV = 3dB 100 THD+N (%) 0.01 1 fIN = 10kHz 0.1 0.01 fIN = 20Hz 0.0001 10 100 1k FREQUENCY (Hz) 6 10k 100k 100k 10 0.1 0.001 0.0001 10k TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE vs. OUTPUT POWER (HEADPHONE MODE) OUTPUT POWER = 10mW 0.001 1k TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE vs. FREQUENCY (HEADPHONE MODE) OUTPUT POWER = 45mW 0.1 100 FREQUENCY (Hz) 1 THD+N (%) THD+N (%) 100k FREQUENCY (Hz) OUTPUT POWER = 30mW 0.01 10k MAX9779 toc16 VDD = 3.3V RL = 16Ω AV = 3dB 1k 10 MAX9779 toc15 10 100 MAX9779 toc17 TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE vs. FREQUENCY (HEADPHONE MODE) 1 0.0001 10 20ms/div fIN = 1kHz 0.001 10 100 1k FREQUENCY (Hz) 10k 100k 0 25 50 75 100 OUTPUT POWER (mW) _______________________________________________________________________________________ 125 150 2.6W Stereo Audio Power Amplifier and DirectDrive Headphone Amplifier TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE vs. OUTPUT POWER (HEADPHONE MODE) fIN = 10kHz fIN = 1kHz 1 fIN = 20Hz 40 60 80 0.001 10 0 100 40 50 60 0 POWER DISSIPATION vs. OUTPUT POWER (HEADPHONE MODE) OUTPUT POWER vs. LOAD RESISTANCE (HEADPHONE MODE) 160 THD+N = 10% 120 100 80 60 250 225 POWER DISSIPATION (mW) MAX9779 toc21 180 40 RL = 16Ω 200 175 150 125 100 RL = 32Ω 75 25 RL = 16Ω 25 f = 1kHz 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 CROSSTALK vs. FREQUENCY (HEADPHONE MODE) 0 MAX9779 toc24 -40 -50 -60 -70 VDD = 5V VRIPPLE = 200mVP-P RL = 32Ω -20 CROSSTALK (dB) -30 PSRR (dB) RL = 32Ω 50 SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V) POWER-SUPPLY REJECTION RATIO vs. FREQUENCY (HEADPHONE MODE) -20 90 75 OUTPUT POWER (mW) VRIPPLE = 200mVP-P OUTPUT REFERRED 80 100 25 50 75 100 125 150 175 200 225 250 LOAD RESISTANCE (Ω) 0 30 40 50 60 70 OUTPUT POWER (mW) 0 0 1000 100 -10 20 125 0 0 10 10 OUTPUT POWER vs. SUPPLY VOLTAGE (HEADPHONE MODE) VDD = 5V f = 1kHz POUT = POUTL + POUTR 50 THD+N = 1% 20 30 OUTPUT POWER (mW) OUTPUT POWER (mW) 140 20 OUTPUT POWER (mW) 20 MAX9779 toc22 0 fIN = 10kHz 0.01 0.001 0.001 MAX9779 toc20 fIN = 20Hz 0.1 0.01 0.01 OUTPUT POWER (mW) fIN = 10kHz 0.1 fIN = 20Hz fIN = 1kHz 1 MAX9779 toc25 0.1 10 THD+N (%) THD+N (%) fIN = 1kHz 1 VDD = 3.3V RL = 32Ω AV = 3dB 100 10 10 THD+N (%) VDD = 3.3V RL = 16Ω AV = 3dB 100 1000 MAX9779 toc19 VDD = 5V RL = 32Ω AV = 3dB 100 1000 MAX9779 toc18 1000 TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE vs. OUTPUT POWER (HEADPHONE MODE) MAX9779 toc23 TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE vs. OUTPUT POWER (HEADPHONE MODE) -40 -60 -80 RIGHT TO LEFT -80 -100 -90 LEFT TO RIGHT -120 -100 10 100 1k FREQUENCY (Hz) 10k 100k 10 100 1k 10k 100k FREQUENCY (Hz) _______________________________________________________________________________________ 7 MAX9779 Typical Operating Characteristics (continued) (Measurement BW = 22Hz to 22kHz, TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.) Typical Operating Characteristics (continued) (Measurement BW = 22Hz to 22kHz, TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.) OUTPUT POWER vs. CHARGE-PUMP CAPACITANCE AND LOAD RESISTANCE 140 120 C1 = C2 = 2.2µF 100 80 VDD = 5V f = 1kHz VOUT = -60dB RL = 32Ω -20 MAGNITUDE (dB) OUTPUT POWER (mW) 160 60 MAX9779 toc27 VDD = 5V f = 1kHz THD+N = 1% 180 HEADPHONE OUTPUT SPECTRUM 0 MAX9779 toc26 200 -40 -60 -80 -100 C1 = C2 = 1µF 40 -120 20 -140 0 10 20 30 0 50 40 5 10 15 LOAD RESISTANCE (Ω) FREQUENCY (Hz) TURN-ON RESPONSE (HEADPHONE MODE) TURN-OFF RESPONSE (HEADPHONE MODE) 20 MAX9750/51 toc29 MAX9750/51 toc28 5V/div 5V/div SHDN SHDN 20mV/div HPOUT_ 20mV/div HPOUT_ RL = 32Ω RL = 32Ω 10ms/div 10ms/div SUPPLY CURRENT vs. SUPPLY VOLTAGE SHUTDOWN SUPPLY CURRENT vs. SUPPLY VOLTAGE HPS = GND 14 12 HPS = VDD 10 8 6 MAX9779 toc31 0.35 0.30 SUPPLY CURRENT (µA) 16 MAX9779 toc30 18 SUPPLY CURRENT (mA) MAX9779 2.6W Stereo Audio Power Amplifier and DirectDrive Headphone Amplifier 0.25 0.20 0.15 0.10 4 0.05 2 0 0 4.50 4.75 5.00 5.25 SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V) 8 5.50 4.50 4.75 5.00 5.25 SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V) _______________________________________________________________________________________ 5.50 2.6W Stereo Audio Power Amplifier and DirectDrive Headphone Amplifier PIN NAME FUNCTION 1 INL 2 N.C. 3, 19 PGND 4 OUTL+ Left-Channel Positive Speaker Output 5 OUTL- Left-Channel Negative Speaker Output 6, 16 PVDD Speaker Amplifier Power Supply 7 CPVDD 8 C1P 9 CPGND 10 C1N 11 CPVSS Left-Channel Audio Input No Connection. Not internally connected. Power Ground Charge-Pump Power Supply Charge-Pump Flying-Capacitor Positive Terminal Charge-Pump Ground Charge-Pump Flying-Capacitor Negative Terminal Charge-Pump Output. Connect to VSS. 12 VSS 13 HPOUTR Headphone Amplifier Negative Power Supply Right-Channel Headphone Output 14 HPOUTL Left-Channel Headphone Output 15 HPVDD Headphone Positive Power Supply 17 OUTR- Right-Channel Negative Speaker Output 18 OUTR+ Right-Channel Positive Speaker Output 20 HPS Headphone Sense Input 21 BIAS Common-Mode Bias Voltage. Bypass with a 1µF capacitor to GND. 22 SHDN Shutdown. Drive SHDN low to disable the device. Connect SHDN to VDD for normal operation. 23 GAIN2 Gain Control Input 2 24 GAIN1 25 VDD Power Supply 26, 28 GND Ground 27 INR Right-Channel Audio Input EP EP Exposed Paddle. Connect EP to GND. Gain Control Input 1 _______________________________________________________________________________________ 9 MAX9779 Pin Description MAX9779 2.6W Stereo Audio Power Amplifier and DirectDrive Headphone Amplifier VDD IN_ VOUT VDD / 2 GND OUT_+ BIAS BIAS CONVENTIONAL DRIVER-BIASING SCHEME +VDD OUT_BIAS GND HPOUT_ -VDD GND DirectDrive BIASING SCHEME Figure 1. MAX9779 Signal Path Detailed Description The MAX9779 combines a 2.6W BTL speaker amplifier and a 110mW DirectDrive headphone amplifier with integrated headphone sensing and comprehensive click-and-pop suppression. The MAX9779 features fourlevel gain control. The device features high 90dB PSRR, low 0.01% THD+N, industry-leading click-pop performance, and a low-power shutdown mode. Each signal path consists of an input amplifier that sets the gain of the signal path and feeds both the speaker and headphone amplifier (Figure 1). The speaker amplifier uses a BTL architecture, doubling the voltage drive to the speakers and eliminating the need for DCblocking capacitors. The output consists of two signals, identical in magnitude, but 180° out of phase. The headphone amplifiers use Maxim’s patented DirectDrive architecture that eliminates the bulky output DC-blocking capacitors required by traditional headphone amplifiers. A charge pump inverts the positive supply (CPVDD), creating a negative supply (CPVSS). The headphone amplifiers operate from these bipolar supplies with their outputs biased about GND (Figure 2). The amplifiers have almost twice the supply range compared to other single-supply amplifiers, nearly quadrupling the available output power. The benefit of the 10 Figure 2. Traditional Headphone Amplifier Output Waveform vs. DirectDrive Headphone Amplifier Output Waveform GND bias is that the amplifier outputs no longer have a DC component (typically VDD / 2). This eliminates the large DC-blocking capacitors required with conventional headphone amplifiers, conserving board space and system cost, and improving frequency response. The device features an undervoltage lockout that prevents operation from an insufficient power supply and click-and-pop suppression that eliminates audible transients on startup and shutdown. The amplifiers include thermal-overload and short-circuit protection, and can withstand ±8kV ESD strikes on the headphone amplifier outputs (IEC air discharge). An additional feature of the speaker amplifiers is that there is no phase inversion from input to output. DirectDrive Conventional single-supply headphone amplifiers have their outputs biased about a nominal DC voltage (typically half the supply) for maximum dynamic range. Large coupling capacitors are needed to block this DC bias from the headphones. Without these capacitors, a significant amount of DC current flows to the headphone, resulting in unnecessary power dissipation and possible damage to both headphone and headphone amplifier. Maxim’s patented DirectDrive architecture uses a charge pump to create an internal negative supply voltage. This ______________________________________________________________________________________ 2.6W Stereo Audio Power Amplifier and DirectDrive Headphone Amplifier Low-Frequency Response In addition to the cost and size disadvantages, the DCblocking capacitors limit the low-frequency response of the amplifier and distort the audio signal: 1) The impedance of the headphone load to the DCblocking capacitor forms a highpass filter with the -3dB point determined by: f−3dB = 1 2πRLCOUT where RL is the impedance of the headphone and COUT is the value of the DC-blocking capacitor. The highpass filter is required by conventional single-ended, single-supply headphone amplifiers to block the midrail DC component of the audio signal from the headphones. Depending on the -3dB point, the filter can attenuate low-frequency signals within the audio band. Larger values of COUT reduce the attenuation but are physically larger, more expensive capacitors. Figure 3 shows the relationship between the size of COUT and the resulting low-frequency attenuation. Note that the -3dB point for a MAX9779 LOW-FREQUENCY ROLLOFF (RL = 16Ω) 0 -5 ATTENUATION (dB) allows the MAX9779 headphone amplifier output to be biased about GND, almost doubling the dynamic range while operating from a single supply. With no DC component, there is no need for the large DC-blocking capacitors. Instead of two large capacitors (220µF typ), the charge pump requires only two small ceramic capacitors (1µF typ), conserving board space, reducing cost, and improving the frequency response of the headphone amplifier. See the Output Power vs. Charge-Pump Capacitance and Load Resistance graph in the Typical Operating Characteristics for details of the possible capacitor values. Previous attempts to eliminate the output-coupling capacitors involved biasing the headphone return (sleeve) to the DC bias voltage of the headphone amplifiers. This method raised some issues: 1) The sleeve is typically grounded to the chassis. Using this biasing approach, the sleeve must be isolated from system ground, complicating product design. 2) During an ESD strike, the amplifier’s ESD structures are the only path to system ground. The amplifier must be able to withstand the full ESD strike. 3) When using the headphone jack as a lineout to other equipment, the bias voltage on the sleeve may conflict with the ground potential from other equipment, resulting in large ground-loop current and possible damage to the amplifiers. -10 -15 DirectDrive 330µF 220µF 100µF 33µF -20 -25 -30 -35 10 100 1000 FREQUENCY (Hz) Figure 3. Low-Frequency Attenuation of Common DC-Blocking Capacitor Values 16Ω headphone with a 100µF blocking capacitor is 100Hz, well within the audio band. 2) The voltage coefficient of the capacitor, the change in capacitance due to a change in the voltage across the capacitor, distorts the audio signal. At frequencies around the -3dB point, the reactance of the capacitor dominates, and the voltage coefficient appears as frequency-dependent distortion. Figure 4 shows the THD+N introduced by two different capacitor dielectrics. Note that around the -3dB point, THD+N increases dramatically. The combination of low-frequency attenuation and frequency-dependent distortion compromises audio reproduction. DirectDrive improves low-frequency reproduction in portable audio equipment that emphasizes low-frequency effects such as multimedia laptops, and MP3, CD, and DVD players. Charge Pump The MAX9779 features a low-noise charge pump. The 550kHz switching frequency is well beyond the audio range, and does not interfere with the audio signals. The switch drivers feature a controlled switching speed that minimizes noise generated by turn-on and turn-off transients. Limiting the switching speed of the charge pump minimizes the di/dt noise caused by the parasitic bond wire and trace inductance. Although not typically required, additional high-frequency ripple attenuation can be achieved by increasing the size of C2 (see the Block Diagram). ______________________________________________________________________________________ 11 MAX9779 2.6W Stereo Audio Power Amplifier and DirectDrive Headphone Amplifier VDD ADDITIONAL THD+N DUE TO DC-BLOCKING CAPACITORS MAX9779 10 THD+N (%) 1 10µA SHUTDOWN CONTROL 20 HPS 0.1 14 HPOUTL TANTALUM 0.01 13 HPOUTR 1kΩ 0.001 1kΩ ALUM/ELEC 0.0001 10 100 1k 10k 100k FREQUENCY (Hz) Figure 4. Distortion Contributed by DC-Blocking Capacitors Figure 5. HPS Configuration Headphone Sense Input (HPS) Gain Selection The headphone sense input (HPS) monitors the headphone jack and automatically configures the device based upon the voltage applied at HPS. A voltage of less than 0.8V sets the device to speaker mode. A voltage of greater than 2V disables the bridge amplifiers and enables the headphone amplifiers. For automatic headphone detection, connect HPS to the control pin of a 3-wire headphone jack as shown in Figure 5. With no headphone present, the output impedance of the headphone amplifier pulls HPS low. When a headphone plug is inserted into the jack, the control pin is disconnected from the tip contact and HPS is pulled to VDD through a 10µA current source. The MAX9779 features an internally set, selectable gain. The GAIN1 and GAIN2 inputs set the maximum gain of the MAX9779 speaker and headphone amplifiers (Table 1). BIAS The MAX9779 features an internally generated, powersupply independent, common-mode bias voltage of 1.8V referenced to GND. BIAS provides both click-andpop suppression and sets the DC bias level for the amplifiers. Choose the value of the bypass capacitor as described in the BIAS Capacitor section. No external load should be applied to BIAS. Any load lowers the BIAS voltage, affecting the overall performance of the device. 12 Shutdown The MAX9779 features a 0.2µA, low-power shutdown mode that reduces quiescent current consumption and extends battery life. Driving SHDN low disables the drive amplifiers, bias circuitry, and charge pump, and drives BIAS and all outputs to GND. Connect SHDN to VDD for normal operation. Click-and-Pop Suppression Speaker Amplifier The MAX9779 speaker amplifiers feature Maxim’s comprehensive, industry-leading click-and-pop suppression. During startup, the click-pop suppression circuitry eliminates any audible transient sources internal to the device. When entering shutdown, both amplifier outputs ramp to GND quickly and simultaneously. ______________________________________________________________________________________ 2.6W Stereo Audio Power Amplifier and DirectDrive Headphone Amplifier MAX9779 Table 1. MAX9779 Maximum Gain Settings GAIN2 GAIN1 SPEAKER-MODE GAIN (dB) 0 0 15 0 0 1 16.5 0 1 0 18 3 1 1 19.5 3 Headphone Amplifier In conventional single-supply headphone amplifiers, the output-coupling capacitor is a major contributor of audible clicks and pops. Upon startup, the amplifier charges the coupling capacitor to its bias voltage, typically half the supply. Likewise, during shutdown, the capacitor is discharged to GND. A DC shift across the capacitor results, which in turn appears as an audible transient at the speaker. Since the MAX9779 does not require outputcoupling capacitors, no audible transient occurs. Additionally, the MAX9779 features extensive click-andpop suppression that eliminates any audible transient sources internal to the device. The Power-Up/Down Waveform in the Typical Operating Characteristics shows that there are minimal spectral components in the audible range at the output upon startup and shutdown. Applications Information BTL Speaker Amplifiers The MAX9779 features speaker amplifiers designed to drive a load differentially, a configuration referred to as bridge-tied load (BTL). The BTL configuration (Figure 6) offers advantages over the single-ended configuration, where one side of the load is connected to ground. Driving the load differentially doubles the output voltage compared to a single-ended amplifier under similar conditions. Thus, the device’s differential gain is twice the closed-loop gain of the input amplifier. The effective gain is given by: A VD = 2 × RF RIN Substituting 2 x VOUT(P-P) into the following equation yields four times the output power due to double the output voltage: VRMS = VOUT(P−P) 2 2 2 V POUT = RMS RL HEADPHONE-MODE GAIN (dB) VOUT(P-P) +1 2 x VOUT(P-P) -1 VOUT(P-P) Figure 6. Bridge-Tied Load Configuration Since the differential outputs are biased at midsupply, there is no net DC voltage across the load. This eliminates the need for DC-blocking capacitors required for single-ended amplifiers. These capacitors can be large and expensive, can consume board space, and can degrade low-frequency performance. Power Dissipation and Heatsinking Under normal operating conditions, the MAX9779 can dissipate a significant amount of power. The maximum power dissipation for the TQFN package is given in the Absolute Maximum Ratings under Continuous Power Dissipation, or can be calculated by the following equation: PDISSPKG(MAX) = TJ(MAX) − TA θJA where TJ(MAX) is +150°C, TA is the ambient temperature, and θJA is the reciprocal of the derating factor in °C/W as specified in the Absolute Maximum Ratings section. For example, θJA of the thin QFN package is +42°C/W. For optimum power dissipation, the exposed paddle of the package should be connected to the ground plane (see the Layout and Grounding section). ______________________________________________________________________________________ 13 2.6W Stereo Audio Power Amplifier and DirectDrive Headphone Amplifier MAX9779 Output Power (Headphone Amplifier) The headphone amplifiers have been specified for the worst-case scenario—when both inputs are in phase. Under this condition, the drivers simultaneously draw current from the charge pump, leading to a slight loss in headroom of VSS. In typical stereo audio applications, the left and right signals have differences in both magnitude and phase, subsequently leading to an increase in the maximum attainable output power. Figure 7 shows the two extreme cases for in and out of phase. In reality, the available power lies between these extremes. 1000 VDD = 5V RL = 16Ω AV = 3dB 100 THD+N (%) 10 OUTPUTS IN PHASE 1 0.1 0.01 OUTPUTS 180° OUT OF PHASE Power Supplies 0.001 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 OUTPUT POWER (mW) Figure 7. Total Harmonic Distortion Plus Noise vs. Output Power with Inputs In/Out of Phase (Headphone Mode) For 8Ω applications, the worst-case power dissipation occurs when the output power is 1.1W/channel, resulting in a power dissipation of approximately 1W. In this case, the TQFN package can be used without violating the maximum power dissipation or exceeding the thermal protection threshold. For 4Ω applications, the TQFN package may require heatsinking or forced air cooling to prevent the device from reaching its thermal limit. The more thermally efficient TQFN package is suggested for speaker loads less than 8Ω. Output Power (Speaker Amplifier) The increase in power delivered by the BTL configuration directly results in an increase in internal power dissipation over the single-ended configuration. The maximum power dissipation for a given VDD and load is given by the following equation: PDISS(MAX) = Component Selection Input Filtering The input capacitor (CIN), in conjunction with the amplifier input resistance (RIN), forms a highpass filter that removes the DC bias from an incoming signal (see the Block Diagram). The AC-coupling capacitor allows the amplifier to bias the signal to an optimum DC level. Assuming zero source impedance, the -3dB point of the highpass filter is given by: 2VDD2 π 2RL If the power dissipation for a given application exceeds the maximum allowed for a given package, either reduce VDD, increase load impedance, decrease the ambient temperature, or add heatsinking to the device. Large output, supply, and ground PC board traces improve the maximum power dissipation in the package. Thermal-overload protection limits total power dissipation in these devices. When the junction temperature exceeds +160°C, the thermal-protection circuitry disables the amplifier output stage. The amplifiers are enabled once the junction temperature cools by 15°C. This results in a pulsing output under continuous thermal-overload conditions as the device heats and cools. 14 The MAX9779 has different supplies for each portion of the device, allowing for the optimum combination of headroom, power dissipation, and noise immunity. The speaker amplifiers are powered from PV DD . PV DD ranges from 4.5V to 5.5V. The headphone amplifiers are powered from HPVDD and VSS. HPVDD is the positive supply of the headphone amplifiers and ranges from 3V to 5.5V. VSS is the negative supply of the headphone amplifiers. Connect VSS to CPVSS. The charge pump is powered by CPVDD. CPVDD ranges from 3V to 5.5V and should be the same potential as HPVDD. The charge pump inverts the voltage at CPVDD, and the resulting voltage appears at CPVSS. The remainder of the device is powered by VDD. f−3dB = 1 2πRINCIN RIN is the amplifier’s internal input resistance value given in the Electrical Characteristics. Choose CIN such that f-3dB is well below the lowest frequency of interest. Setting f-3dB too high affects the amplifier’s low-frequency response. Use capacitors with low-voltage coefficient dielectrics, such as tantalum or aluminum electrolytic. Capacitors with high-voltage coefficients, such as ceramics, may result in increased distortion at low frequencies. ______________________________________________________________________________________ 2.6W Stereo Audio Power Amplifier and DirectDrive Headphone Amplifier PHONE FAX Taiyo Yuden SUPPLIER 800-348-2496 847-925-0899 www.t-yuden.com TDK 807-803-6100 847-390-4405 www.component.tdk.com BIAS Capacitor BIAS is the output of the internally generated DC bias voltage. The BIAS bypass capacitor, CBIAS, improves PSRR and THD+N by reducing power supply and other noise sources at the common-mode bias node, and also generates the clickless/popless, startup/shutdown DC bias waveforms for the speaker amplifiers. Bypass BIAS with a 1µF capacitor to GND. Charge-Pump Capacitor Selection Use capacitors with an ESR less than 100mΩ for optimum performance. Low-ESR ceramic capacitors minimize the output resistance of the charge pump. For best performance over the extended temperature range, select capacitors with an X7R dielectric. Table 4 lists suggested manufacturers. Flying Capacitor (C1) The value of the flying capacitor (C1) affects the load regulation and output resistance of the charge pump. A C1 value that is too small degrades the device’s ability to provide sufficient current drive, which leads to a loss of output voltage. Increasing the value of C1 improves load regulation and reduces the charge-pump output resistance to an extent. See the Output Power vs. Charge-Pump Capacitance and Load Resistance graph in the Typical Operating Characteristics. Above 2.2µF, the on-resistance of the switches and the ESR of C1 and C2 dominate. Output Capacitor (C2) The output capacitor value and ESR directly affect the ripple at CPVSS. Increasing the value of C2 reduces output ripple. Likewise, decreasing the ESR of C2 reduces both ripple and output resistance. Lower capacitance values can be used in systems with low maximum output power levels. See the Output Power vs. Charge-Pump Capacitance and Load Resistance graph in the Typical Operating Characteristics. CPVDD Bypass Capacitor The CPVDD bypass capacitor (C3) lowers the output impedance of the power supply and reduces the impact of the MAX9779’s charge-pump switching WEBSITE transients. Bypass CPVDD with C3, the same value as C1, and place it physically close to CPVDD and PGND (refer to the MAX9779 Evaluation Kit for a suggested layout). Powering Other Circuits from a Negative Supply An additional benefit of the MAX9779 is the internally generated negative supply voltage (CPVSS). CPVSS is used by the MAX9779 to provide the negative supply for the headphone amplifiers. It can also be used to power other devices within a design. Current draw from CPVSS should be limited to 5mA; exceeding this affects the operation of the headphone amplifier. A typical application is a negative supply to adjust the contrast of LCD modules. When considering the use of CPVSS in this manner, note that the charge-pump voltage of CPVSS is roughly proportional to CPVDD and is not a regulated voltage. The charge-pump output impedance plot appears in the Typical Operating Characteristics. Layout and Grounding Proper layout and grounding are essential for optimum performance. Use large traces for the power-supply inputs and amplifier outputs to minimize losses due to parasitic trace resistance, as well as route head away from the device. Good grounding improves audio performance, minimizes crosstalk between channels, and prevents any switching noise from coupling into the audio signal. Connect CPGND, PGND, and GND together at a single point on the PC board. Route CPGND and all traces that carry switching transients away from GND, PGND, and the traces and components in the audio signal path. Connect all components associated with the charge pump (C2 and C3) to the CPGND plane. Connect VSS and CPVSS together at the device. Place the chargepump capacitors (C1, C2, and C3) as close to the device as possible. Bypass HPVDD and PVDD with a 0.1µF capacitor to GND. Place the bypass capacitors as close to the device as possible. Use large, low-resistance output traces. As load impedance decreases, the current drawn from the device outputs increase. At higher current, the resistance of the output traces decrease the power delivered to the load. ______________________________________________________________________________________ 15 MAX9779 Table 2. Suggested Capacitor Manufacturers MAX9779 2.6W Stereo Audio Power Amplifier and DirectDrive Headphone Amplifier For example, when compared to a 0Ω trace, a 100mΩ trace reduces the power delivered to a 4Ω load from 2.1W to 2W. Large output, supply, and GND traces also improve the power dissipation of the device. The MAX9779 thin QFN package features an exposed thermal pad on its underside. This pad lowers the package’s thermal resistance by providing a direct heat-conduction path from the die to the PC board. Connect the exposed thermal pad to GND by using a large pad and multiple vias to the GND plane. Block Diagram 4.5V TO 5.5V 0.1µF VDD 25 6, 16 PVDD MAX9779 CIN 1µF LEFT-CHANNEL AUDIO INPUT CIN 1µF RIGHT-CHANNEL AUDIO INPUT 4.5V TO 5.5V 0.1µF 4 OUTL+ INL 1 GAIN/ CONTROL BTL AMPLIFIER GAIN/ CONTROL BTL AMPLIFIER 5 OUTL- 18 OUTR+ INR 27 17 OUTR- BIAS 21 CBIAS 1µF GND 28 VDD GAIN1 VDD GAIN2 15 HPVDD GAIN 20 HPS 24 23 HEADPHONE DETECTION 14 HPOUTL SHUTDOWN CONTROL 13 HPOUTR 3V TO 5.5V 10µF N.C. 2 VDD SHDN 22 CPVDD 7 3V TO 5.5V 1µF C1P 8 C1 1µF CHARGE PUMP C1N 10 CPGND 9 11 CPVSS 16 12 VSS C2 1µF 26 3, 19 GND PGND ______________________________________________________________________________________ 2.6W Stereo Audio Power Amplifier and DirectDrive Headphone Amplifier Chip Information BIAS HPS PGND OUTR+ OUTR- PVDD HPVDD PROCESS: BiCMOS TOP VIEW 21 20 19 18 17 16 15 SHDN 22 14 HPOUTL GAIN2 23 13 HPOUTR GAIN1 24 12 VSS VDD 25 11 CPVSS GND 26 10 C1N INR 27 9 CPGND GND 28 8 C1P 4 5 6 7 OUTL- PVDD CPVDD N.C. 3 OUTL+ 2 PGND 1 INL MAX9779 THIN QFN ______________________________________________________________________________________ 17 MAX9779 Pin Configuration Package Information (The package drawing(s) in this data sheet may not reflect the most current specifications. For the latest package outline information, go to www.maxim-ic.com/packages.) QFN THIN.EPS MAX9779 2.6W Stereo Audio Power Amplifier and DirectDrive Headphone Amplifier D2 D MARKING b C L 0.10 M C A B D2/2 D/2 k L XXXXX E/2 E2/2 C L (NE-1) X e E DETAIL A PIN # 1 I.D. e/2 E2 PIN # 1 I.D. 0.35x45° e (ND-1) X e DETAIL B e L1 L C L C L L L e e 0.10 C A C 0.08 C A1 A3 PACKAGE OUTLINE, 16, 20, 28, 32, 40L THIN QFN, 5x5x0.8mm -DRAWING NOT TO SCALE- 18 21-0140 ______________________________________________________________________________________ H 1 2 2.6W Stereo Audio Power Amplifier and DirectDrive Headphone Amplifier COMMON DIMENSIONS PKG. 16L 5x5 20L 5x5 EXPOSED PAD VARIATIONS 28L 5x5 32L 5x5 40L 5x5 SYMBOL MIN. NOM. MAX. MIN. NOM. MAX. MIN. NOM. MAX. MIN. NOM. MAX. MIN. NOM. MAX. A A1 A3 b D E e k L L1 N ND NE JEDEC 0.70 0.75 0.80 0.70 0.75 0.80 0.70 0.75 0.80 0.70 0.75 0.80 0.70 0.75 0.80 0 0.02 0.05 0.20 REF. 0 0.02 0.05 0 0.20 REF. 0.02 0.05 0 0.02 0.05 0.20 REF. 0.20 REF. 0.25 0.30 0.35 0.25 0.30 0.35 0.20 0.25 0.30 0.20 0.25 0.30 4.90 5.00 5.10 4.90 5.00 5.10 4.90 5.00 5.10 4.90 5.00 5.10 4.90 5.00 5.10 4.90 5.00 5.10 4.90 5.00 5.10 4.90 5.00 5.10 0.80 BSC. 0.65 BSC. 0.50 BSC. 0.50 BSC. 0.25 - 0.25 - 0.25 - 0.25 0 0.02 0.05 0.20 REF. 0.15 0.20 0.25 4.90 5.00 5.10 4.90 5.00 5.10 0.40 BSC. 0.25 0.35 0.45 0.30 0.40 0.50 0.45 0.55 0.65 0.45 0.55 0.65 0.30 0.40 0.50 0.40 0.50 0.60 - 0.30 0.40 0.50 16 20 28 32 40 4 5 7 8 10 4 5 7 8 10 WHHB WHHC WHHD-1 WHHD-2 ----- NOTES: 1. DIMENSIONING & TOLERANCING CONFORM TO ASME Y14.5M-1994. 2. ALL DIMENSIONS ARE IN MILLIMETERS. ANGLES ARE IN DEGREES. 3. N IS THE TOTAL NUMBER OF TERMINALS. 4. THE TERMINAL #1 IDENTIFIER AND TERMINAL NUMBERING CONVENTION SHALL CONFORM TO JESD 95-1 SPP-012. DETAILS OF TERMINAL #1 IDENTIFIER ARE OPTIONAL, BUT MUST BE LOCATED WITHIN THE ZONE INDICATED. THE TERMINAL #1 IDENTIFIER MAY BE EITHER A MOLD OR MARKED FEATURE. D2 L E2 PKG. CODES MIN. NOM. MAX. T1655-1 T1655-2 T1655N-1 3.00 3.00 3.00 3.10 3.20 3.00 3.10 3.20 3.00 3.10 3.20 3.00 3.10 3.10 3.10 3.20 3.20 3.20 T2055-2 T2055-3 T2055-4 3.00 3.00 3.00 3.10 3.20 3.00 3.10 3.20 3.00 3.10 3.20 3.00 3.10 3.10 3.10 3.20 3.20 3.20 T2055-5 T2855-1 T2855-2 T2855-3 T2855-4 T2855-5 T2855-6 T2855-7 T2855-8 T2855N-1 T3255-2 T3255-3 T3255-4 T3255N-1 3.15 3.15 2.60 3.15 2.60 2.60 3.15 2.60 3.15 3.15 3.00 3.00 3.00 3.00 3.25 3.25 2.70 3.25 2.70 2.70 3.25 2.70 3.25 3.25 3.10 3.10 3.10 3.10 3.15 3.15 2.60 3.15 2.60 2.60 3.15 2.60 3.15 3.15 3.00 3.00 3.00 3.00 3.25 3.25 2.70 3.25 2.70 2.70 3.25 2.70 3.25 3.25 3.10 3.10 3.10 3.10 3.35 3.35 2.80 3.35 2.80 2.80 3.35 2.80 3.35 3.35 3.20 3.20 3.20 3.20 T4055-1 3.20 3.30 3.40 3.20 3.30 3.40 3.35 3.35 2.80 3.35 2.80 2.80 3.35 2.80 3.35 3.35 3.20 3.20 3.20 3.20 MIN. NOM. MAX. ±0.15 ** ** ** ** ** ** 0.40 DOWN BONDS ALLOWED NO YES NO NO YES NO YES ** NO NO YES YES NO ** ** 0.40 ** ** ** ** ** NO YES YES NO NO YES NO NO ** YES ** ** ** ** ** SEE COMMON DIMENSIONS TABLE 5. DIMENSION b APPLIES TO METALLIZED TERMINAL AND IS MEASURED BETWEEN 0.25 mm AND 0.30 mm FROM TERMINAL TIP. 6. ND AND NE REFER TO THE NUMBER OF TERMINALS ON EACH D AND E SIDE RESPECTIVELY. 7. DEPOPULATION IS POSSIBLE IN A SYMMETRICAL FASHION. 8. COPLANARITY APPLIES TO THE EXPOSED HEAT SINK SLUG AS WELL AS THE TERMINALS. 9. DRAWING CONFORMS TO JEDEC MO220, EXCEPT EXPOSED PAD DIMENSION FOR T2855-1, T2855-3, AND T2855-6. 10. WARPAGE SHALL NOT EXCEED 0.10 mm. 11. MARKING IS FOR PACKAGE ORIENTATION REFERENCE ONLY. 12. NUMBER OF LEADS SHOWN ARE FOR REFERENCE ONLY. 13. LEAD CENTERLINES TO BE AT TRUE POSITION AS DEFINED BY BASIC DIMENSION "e", ±0.05. PACKAGE OUTLINE, 16, 20, 28, 32, 40L THIN QFN, 5x5x0.8mm 21-0140 -DRAWING NOT TO SCALE- H 2 2 Maxim cannot assume responsibility for use of any circuitry other than circuitry entirely embodied in a Maxim product. No circuit patent licenses are implied. Maxim reserves the right to change the circuitry and specifications without notice at any time. Maxim Integrated Products, 120 San Gabriel Drive, Sunnyvale, CA 94086 408-737-7600 ____________________ 19 © 2005 Maxim Integrated Products Heaney Printed USA is a registered trademark of Maxim Integrated Products, Inc. MAX9779 Package Information (continued) (The package drawing(s) in this data sheet may not reflect the most current specifications. For the latest package outline information, go to www.maxim-ic.com/packages.)