19-4806; Rev 1; 4/10 KIT ATION EVALU E L B AVAILA Mono 2W Class D Amplifier Features The MAX9830 mono 2W Class D amplifier provides Class AB audio performance with Class D efficiency. o Industry-Leading Quiescent Current: 1.6mA at 5V, 1.2mA at 3.6V Active emissions limiting edge rate and overshoot control circuitry greatly reduces EMI. A patented filterless spread-spectrum modulation scheme eliminates the need for output filtering found in traditional Class D devices. These features reduce application component count. The MAX9830’s industry-leading 1.6mA at 5V, 1.2mA at 3.6V, quiescent current extends battery life in portable applications. The MAX9830 is available in an 8-pin TDFN (2mm x 2mm x 0.8mm) and is specified over the extended -40°C to +85°C temperature range. o Spread Spectrum and Active Emissions Limiting o Passes EMI Limit Unfiltered with Up to 24in (61cm) of Speaker Cable o Click-and-Pop Suppression o Thermal and Overcurrent Protection o Low 0.5µA Current Shutdown Mode o Space-Saving, 2mm x 2mm x 0.8mm, 8-Pin TDFN Package Applications Notebook and Netbook Computers Cellular Phones Ordering Information PART MAX9830AETA+ MP3 Players TEMP RANGE PIN-PACKAGE -40°C to +85°C 8 TDFN-EP* +Denotes a lead(Pb)-free/RoHS-compliant package. Portable Audio Players *EP = Exposed pad. VoIP Phones Typical Operating Circuit Pin Configuration TOP VIEW PVDD OUT+ OUT- PGND 8 7 6 5 +2.6V TO +5.5V 0.47µF IN+ PVDD 0.1µF 0.47µF MAX9830 IN- MAX9830 OUT+ *EP + SHDN OUT- 1 2 IN+ IN- 3 4 SHDN N.C. N.C. PGND TDFN 2mm x 2mm x 0.8mm *EP = EXPOSED PAD. CONNECT THE EP TO PGND TO ENHANCE THERMAL DISSIPATION. ________________________________________________________________ Maxim Integrated Products For pricing, delivery, and ordering information, please contact Maxim Direct at 1-888-629-4642, or visit Maxim’s website at www.maxim-ic.com. 1 MAX9830 General Description MAX9830 Mono 2W Class D Amplifier ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS Voltage PVDD, IN+, IN-, SHDN, to PGND .........................-0.3V to +6V OUT+, OUT- to PGND...........................-0.3V to VPVDD + 0.3V Current Continuous Current Into/Out of PVDD, PGND, OUT+, OUT- ..............................................................±600mA Continuous Input Current (all other pins) .....................±20mA Duration of Short Circuit Between OUT+, OUT-, and PVDD, PGND ............................Continuous Continuous Power Dissipation for a Multilayer Board (TA = +70°C) 8-Pin TDFN-EP (derate 11.9mW/°C) .........................953.5mW Junction Temperature ......................................................+150°C Operating Temperature Range ...........................-40°C to +85°C Storage Temperature Range .............................-65°C to +150°C Lead Temperature (soldering, 10s) .................................+300°C Soldering Temperature (reflow) .......................................+260°C Rate of Voltage Rise at PVDD .............................................1V/µs Stresses beyond those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specifications is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (VPVDD = VSHDN = 5V, VPGND = 0V, RL = ∞, unless otherwise specified. RL connected between OUT+ and OUT-, AC measurement bandwidth 20Hz to 22kHz, TA = TMIN to TMAX, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at TA = +25°C.) (Notes 1, 2) PARAMETER SYMBOL CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS 5.5 V SPEAKER AMPLIFIER Voltage Range PVDD Quiescent Supply Current IDD Shutdown Supply Current ISHDN Inferred from PSRR test 2.6 VPVDD = 5.0V 1.6 VPVDD = 3.6V 1.2 VSHDN = 0V, TA = +25°C 0.5 10 µA 4 ms Turn-On Time tON 1.9 Bias Voltage VBIAS 1.31 Maximum AC Input Voltage Input Resistance in Shutdown VIN RINSD Input Resistance RIN Voltage Gain AV Common-Mode Rejection Ratio CMRR Power-Supply Rejection Ratio PSRR Single ended 1 Differential 2 Between inputs fIN = 1kHz, input referred VPVDD = 2.6V to 5.5V, TA = +25°C Output Power Total Harmonic Distortion Plus Noise Output Offset Voltage Click-and-Pop Level 2 POUT THD+N THD+N = 10%, fIN = 1kHz fIN = 1kHz VOS TA = +25°C KCP Peak voltage, A-weighted, 32 samples/sec (Notes 3, 4) VRMS kΩ 43 12 54 mA V 85.6 From inputs to PGND PVDDRIPPLE = 200mVP-P (Note 3) 2.5 20 kΩ 12 dB 48 dB 64.3 fRIPPLE = 217Hz 72 fRIPPLE = 20kHz 64 RL = 8Ω 1.5 RL = 4Ω 2.25 RL = 8Ω, POUT = 0.5W 0.04 RL = 4Ω, POUT = 1W 0.04 ±3 Into shutdown -56 Out of shutdown -56 dB W % ±30 mV dBV _______________________________________________________________________________________ Mono 2W Class D Amplifier (VPVDD = VSHDN = 5V, VPGND = 0V, RL = ∞, unless otherwise specified. RL connected between OUT+ and OUT-, AC measurement bandwidth 20Hz to 22kHz, TA = TMIN to TMAX, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at TA = +25°C.) (Notes 1, 2) PARAMETER Oscillator Frequency SYMBOL CONDITIONS MIN fOSC VN kHz ±10 kHz 39 µVRMS 98 dB SNR POUT = POUT at 1% THD+N, A-weighted RL = 8Ω Output Current Limit ILIM TA = +25°C Thermal Shutdown Level Thermal Shutdown Hysterysis η UNITS A-weighted (Note 3) Signal-to-Noise Ratio Efficiency MAX 600 Spread-Spectrum Bandwidth Noise TYP RL = 8Ω, POUT = 1.5W 3 A +180 °C 30 °C 85 % DIGITAL INPUT (SHDN) Input Voltage High VIH Input Voltage Low VIL Input Leakage Current 1.4 TA = +25°C V 0.4 V ±10 µA Note 1: All devices are 100% production tested at TA = +25°C. All temperature limits are guaranteed by design. Note 2: Testing performed with a resistive load in series with an inductor to simulate an actual speaker load. For RL = 4Ω, L = 33µH. For RL = 8Ω, L = 68µH. Note 3: Amplifier inputs AC-coupled to PGND with CIN = 0.47µF. Note 4: Specified at room temperature with an 8Ω resistive load in series with a 68µH inductive load connected across BTL outputs. Mode transitions are controlled by SHDN. _______________________________________________________________________________________ 3 MAX9830 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued) Typical Operating Characteristics (VPVDD = VSHDN = 5.0V, VPGND = 0V, RL = ∞, unless otherwise specified. RL connected between OUT+ and OUT-, AC measurement bandwidth 20Hz to 22kHz, TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.) TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE vs. FREQUENCY TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE vs. FREQUENCY VPVDD = 5.0V RLOAD = 4I 10 MAX9830 toc02 10 MAX9830 toc01 10 VPVDD = 3.6V RLOAD = 4I VPVDD = 5.0V RLOAD = 8I 1 THD+N (%) THD+N (%) POUT = 400mW THD+N (%) 1 1 POUT = 100mW POUT = 1.4W POUT = 1W POUT = 600mW 0.01 0.01 0.01 100 1k 10k 100k 10 100 1k 10k 10 100k TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE vs. FREQUENCY TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE vs. OUTPUT POWER TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE vs. OUTPUT POWER 10 VPVDD = 3.6V RLOAD = 4I 1 1 f = 6kHz 0.1 0.1 f = 100Hz 0.01 f = 100Hz 0.01 10k 100k 0.01 0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 FREQUENCY (Hz) OUTPUT POWER (W) TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE vs. OUTPUT POWER TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE vs. OUTPUT POWER VPVDD = 5.0V RLOAD = 8I VPVDD = 3.6V RLOAD = 8I f = 6kHz f = 1kHz f = 1kHz 0.01 OUTPUT POWER (W) 4 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4 VPVDD = 5.0V 2.0 1.5 THD+N = 10% 1.0 THD+N = 1% f = 100Hz 0.01 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 0.6 2.5 0.5 f = 100Hz 0.4 OUTPUT POWER vs. LOAD RESISTANCE f = 6kHz 0.1 0.2 OUTPUT POWER (W) 1 THD+N (%) 1 0 MAX9830 toc08 10 MAX9830 toc07 10 3.0 OUTPUT POWER (W) 1k f = 6kHz 0.1 POUT = 500mW 100 f = 1kHz THD+N (%) f = 1kHz THD+N (%) THD+N (%) POUT = 100mW MAX9830 toc06 VPVDD = 5.0V RLOAD = 4I MAX9830 toc09 MAX9830 toc04 10 1 0 100k 10k FREQUENCY (Hz) VPVDD = 3.6V RLOAD = 8I 0.1 1k FREQUENCY (Hz) 10 10 100 FREQUENCY (Hz) MAX9830 toc05 10 POUT = 100mW 0.1 0.1 0.1 MAX9830 toc03 TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE vs. FREQUENCY THD+N (%) MAX9830 Mono 2W Class D Amplifier 0 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 OUTPUT POWER (W) 1 10 LOAD RESISTANCE (I) _______________________________________________________________________________________ 100 Mono 2W Class D Amplifier 0.8 THD+N = 10% 0.6 0.4 10% THD+N 1.0 0.8 0.6 1% THD+N 0.4 THD+N = 1% 0.2 1.4 1.2 fIN = 1kHz RL = 4I 2.5 OUTPUT POWER (W) 1.6 OUTPUT POWER (W) OUTPUT POWER (W) 1.0 fIN = 1kHz RL = 8I 1.8 3.0 MAX9830 toc10a MAX9830 toc10 VPVDD = 3.6V OUTPUT POWER vs. SUPPLY VOLTAGE OUTPUT POWER vs. SUPPLY VOLTAGE 2.0 MAX9830 toc10b OUTPUT POWER vs. LOAD RESISTANCE 1.2 MAX9830 Typical Operating Characteristics (continued) (VPVDD = VSHDN = 5.0V, VPGND = 0V, RL = ∞, unless otherwise specified. RL connected between OUT+ and OUT-, AC measurement bandwidth 20Hz to 22kHz, TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.) 2.0 10% THD+N 1.5 1.0 1% THD+N 0.5 0.2 0 100 10 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 2.5 5.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 LOAD RESISTANCE (I) SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V) SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V) EFFICIENCY vs. OUTPUT POWER EFFICIENCY vs. OUTPUT POWER POWER-SUPPLY REJECTION RATIO vs. FREQUENCY 60 RLOAD = 4I 40 80 5.5 0 MAX9830 toc13 RLOAD = 8I MAX9830 toc12 VPVDD = 3.6V VRIPPLE = 200mVP-P -10 -20 -30 60 PSRR (dB) 80 100 EFFICIENCY (%) RLOAD = 8I VPVDD = 5.0V MAX9830 toc11 100 EFFICIENCY (%) 0 0 1 RLOAD = 4I 40 -40 -50 -60 -70 20 20 -80 0 0 -100 -90 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2.0 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 OUTPUT POWER (W) COMMON-MODE REJECTION RATIO vs. FREQUENCY -30 -40 10k AMPLITUDE vs. FREQUENCY STARTUP WAVEFORM 100k MAX9830 toc16 12 AMPLITUDE (dB) CMRR (dB) -20 1k MAX9830 toc15 INPUT REFERRED -10 100 FREQUENCY (Hz) 14 MAX9830 toc14 0 10 OUTPUT POWER (W) SHDN 2V/div 10 8 6 OUTPUT 500mA/div 4 -50 2 0 -60 10 100 1k FREQUENCY (Hz) 10k 100k 10 100 1k 10k 100k 400Fs/div FREQUENCY (Hz) _______________________________________________________________________________________ 5 Typical Operating Characteristics (continued) (VPVDD = VSHDN = 5.0V, VPGND = 0V, RL = ∞, unless otherwise specified. RL connected between OUT+ and OUT-, AC measurement bandwidth 20Hz to 22kHz, TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.) SHUTDOWN WAVEFORM WIDEBAND OUTPUT SPECTRUM MAX9830 toc17 MAX9830 toc18 0 RBW = 100Hz OUTPUT 500mA/div -20 OUTPUT AMPLITUDE (dBV) SHDN 2V/div -40 -60 -80 -100 -120 1 400Fs/div 10 1000 100 FREQUENCY (MHz) SUPPLY CURRENT vs. SUPPLY VOLTAGE OUTPUT FREQUENCY SPECTRUM -40 -60 -80 -100 MAX9830 toc20 1.6 SUPPLY CURRENT (mA) -20 OUTPUT MAGNITUDE (dBV) 2.0 MAX9830 toc19 0 1.2 0.8 0.4 -120 -140 0 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 2.5 3.0 FREQUENCY (kHz) 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 RF IMMUNITY vs. FREQUENCY -10 RF IMMUNITY (dBV) 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 MAX9830 toc22 0 MAX9830 toc21 0.6 -20 -30 -40 -50 -60 0.1 -70 0 -80 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V) 6 3.5 SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V) SHUTDOWN CURRENT vs. SUPPLY VOLTAGE SHUTDOWN CURRENT (FA) MAX9830 Mono 2W Class D Amplifier 5.0 5.5 0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 FREQUENCY (MHz) _______________________________________________________________________________________ Mono 2W Class D Amplifier PIN NAME 1 IN+ Noninverting Audio Input FUNCTION 2 IN- Inverting Audio Input 3 SHDN 4 N.C. 5 PGND Ground 6 OUT- Negative Speaker Output 7 OUT+ Positive Speaker Output 8 PVDD Power Supply. Bypass PVDD to PGND with a 0.1µF capacitor. — EP Exposed Pad. Connect exposed pad to a solid ground plane. Active-Low Shutdown Input. Drive SHDN low to place the device in shutdown mode. No Connection. Leave unconnected. Detailed Description Class D Speaker Amplifier The MAX9830 filterless Class D amplifier offers much higher efficiency than Class AB amplifiers. The high efficiency of a Class D amplifier is due to the switching operation of the output stage transistors. Any power loss associated with the Class D output stage is mostly due to the I2R loss of the MOSFET on-resistance and quiescent current overhead. Ultra-Low EMI Filterless Output Stage Traditional Class D amplifiers require the use of external LC filters, or shielding, to meet EN55022B electromagnetic-interference (EMI) regulation standards. Maxim’s patented active emissions limiting edge-rate control circuitry and spread-spectrum modulation reduces EMI emissions, while maintaining up to 85% efficiency. Maxim’s patented spread-spectrum modulation mode flattens wideband spectral components, while proprietary techniques ensure that the cycle-to-cycle variation of the switching period does not degrade audio reproduction or efficiency. The MAX9830’s spreadspectrum modulator randomly varies the switching 40 AMPLITUDE (dBuV/m) The MAX9830 features industry-leading quiescent current, low-power shutdown mode, comprehensive clickand-pop suppression, and excellent RF immunity. The MAX9830 offers Class AB audio performance with Class D efficiency in a minimal board-space solution. The Class D amplifier features spread-spectrum modulation combined with edge rate and overshoot control circuitry that offers significant improvements to switchmode amplifier radiated emissions. The MAX9830 includes thermal overload and short-circuit protection. EN55022B LIMIT 30 20 10 0 -10 30 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200 220 240 260 280 300 FREQUENCY (MHz) Figure 1. EMI with 24in of Speaker Cable frequency by ±10kHz around the center frequency (600kHz). Above 10MHz, the wideband spectrum looks like noise for EMI purposes (Figure 1). Speaker Current Limit If the output current of the speaker amplifier exceeds the current limit (1.8A typ), the MAX9830 disables the outputs for approximately 400µs. At the end of 400µs, the outputs are re-enabled. If the fault condition still exists, the MAX9830 continues to disable and re-enable the outputs until the fault condition is removed. Shutdown The MAX9830 features a low-power shutdown mode, drawing 0.5µA of supply current. Drive SHDN low to put the MAX9830 into shutdown. Click-and-Pop Suppression The MAX9830 speaker amplifier features Maxim’s comprehensive click-and-pop suppression. During startup, the click-and-pop suppression circuitry reduces any audible transient sources internal to the device. When entering shutdown, the differential speaker outputs ramp down to PGND quickly and simultaneously. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________ 7 MAX9830 Pin Description MAX9830 Mono 2W Class D Amplifier Applications Information Filterless Class D Operation Traditional Class D amplifiers require an output filter. The filter adds cost, size, and decreases efficiency and THD+N performance. The MAX9830’s filterless modulation scheme does not require an output filter. Because the switching frequency of the MAX9830 is well beyond the bandwidth of most speakers, voice coil movement at the switching frequency is very small. Use a speaker with a series inductance > 10µH. Typical 8Ω speakers exhibit series inductances in the 20µH to 100µH range. Component Selection Optional Ferrite Bead Filter Although not normally needed, in applications where speaker leads exceed 24in at VPVDD = 3V, use a filter constructed from an inexpensive ferrite bead and a small-value capacitor to ground (Figure 2) to provide additional EMI suppression. Use a ferrite bead with low DC resistance, high frequency (≥ 1MHz) impedance of 100Ω to 600Ω, and rated for at least 1A. The capacitor value varies based on the ferrite bead chosen and the actual speaker lead length. Select the capacitor value based on EMI performance. Speaker Amplifier Power Supply Input (PVDD) PVDD powers the speaker amplifier. PVDD ranges from 2.6V to 5.5V. Bypass PVDD with a 0.1µF capacitor to PGND. Apply additional bulk capacitance at the device if long input traces between PVDD and the power source are used. Ensure a rate of voltage rise at PVDD is limited to 1V/µs. OUT+ MAX9830 OUT- Input Filtering The input-coupling capacitor (CIN), in conjunction with the amplifier’s internal input resistance (RIN), forms a highpass filter that removes the DC bias from the incoming signal. These capacitors allow the amplifier to bias the signal to an optimum DC level. Select 0.47µF capacitors for optimum click-and-pop performance and 17Hz f-3dB. If a different f -3dB is required, C IN, assuming zerosource-impedance, is: CIN = 8 [µF] f -3dB Use capacitors with adequately low voltage-coefficient for best low-frequency THD performance. Layout and Grounding Proper layout and grounding are essential for optimum performance. Good grounding improves audio performance and prevents switching noise from coupling into the audio signal. Use wide, low-resistance output traces. As load impedance decreases, the current drawn from the device outputs increase. At higher current, the resistance of the output traces decrease the power delivered to the load. For example, if 2W is delivered from the speaker output to a 4Ω load through a 100mΩ trace, 49mW is consumed in the trace. If power is delivered through a 10mΩ trace, only 5mW is consumed in the trace. Wide output, supply and ground traces also improve the power dissipation of the device. The MAX9830 is inherently designed for excellent RF immunity. For best performance, add ground fills around all signal traces on top and bottom PCB planes. The MAX9830 TDFN package features an exposed thermal pad on its underside. This pad lowers the package’s thermal resistance by providing a heat conduction path from the die to the PCB. Connect the exposed thermal pad to the ground plane by using a large pad and multiple vias. Chip Information PROCESS: CMOS Figure 2. Optional Ferrite Bead Filter 8 _______________________________________________________________________________________ Mono 2W Class D Amplifier 2.6V TO 5.5V FERRITE BEAD 10µF* 0.1µF 8 3 PVDD SHDN UVLO/POWER MANAGEMENT CLICK-AND-POP SUPPRESSION PVDD LOW-EMI DRIVER 0.47µF 1 OUT+ IN+ PGND CLASS D MODULATOR 0.47µF 2 PVDD IN- 7 OUT6 LOW-EMI DRIVER MAX9830 PGND 5 PGND *BULK CAPACITOR _______________________________________________________________________________________ 9 MAX9830 Functional Diagram Package Information For the latest package outline information and land patterns, go to www.maxim-ic.com/packages. Note that a “+”, “#”, or “-” in the package code indicates RoHS status only. Package drawings may show a different suffix character, but the drawing pertains to the package regardless of RoHS status. PACKAGE TYPE PACKAGE CODE DOCUMENT NO. 8 TDFN-EP T822+2 21-0168 8L TDFN EXPOSED PADS.EPS MAX9830 Mono 2W Class D Amplifier PACKAGE OUTLINE 8L TDFN EXPOSED PAD, 2x2x0.80mm 21-0168 10 ______________________________________________________________________________________ E 1 2 Mono 2W Class D Amplifier COMMON DIMENSIONS SYMBOL A MIN. MAX. 0.70 0.80 D 1.90 2.10 E 1.90 2.10 A1 0.00 0.05 L 0.20 0.40 k 0.25 MIN. A2 0.20 REF. PACKAGE VARIATIONS PKG. CODE N D2 E2 e b r [(N/2)-1] x e T822-1 8 0.70±0.10 1.30±0.10 0.50 TYP. 0.25±0.05 0.125 1.50 REF T822-2 8 0.80±0.10 1.20±0.10 0.50 TYP. 0.25±0.05 0.125 1.50 REF PACKAGE OUTLINE 8L TDFN EXPOSED PAD, 2x2x0.80mm 21-0168 E 2 2 ______________________________________________________________________________________ 11 MAX9830 Package Information (continued) For the latest package outline information and land patterns, go to www.maxim-ic.com/packages. Note that a “+”, “#”, or “-” in the package code indicates RoHS status only. Package drawings may show a different suffix character, but the drawing pertains to the package regardless of RoHS status. MAX9830 Mono 2W Class D Amplifier Revision History REVISION NUMBER REVISION DATE 0 8/09 Initial release 4/10 Removed PSRR spec from the Features section, updated EC table specs, and added new TOCs 1 DESCRIPTION PAGES CHANGED — 1, 2, 5 Maxim cannot assume responsibility for use of any circuitry other than circuitry entirely embodied in a Maxim product. No circuit patent licenses are implied. Maxim reserves the right to change the circuitry and specifications without notice at any time. 12 ____________________Maxim Integrated Products, 120 San Gabriel Drive, Sunnyvale, CA 94086 408-737-7600 © 2010 Maxim Integrated Products Maxim is a registered trademark of Maxim Integrated Products, Inc.