CAT3606 6-Channel Low Noise Charge Pump White LED Driver Description http://onsemi.com TQFN−16 HV4 SUFFIX CASE 510AE LED2 LED3 LED4 PIN CONNECTIONS (Note 1) LED5 The CAT3606 controls up to four LEDs for the main display and two LEDs for the sub-display in cellular phones. The device is capable of operating in either 1x (LDO) mode or 1.5x charge pump mode. All LED pin currents are regulated and tightly matched to achieve uniformity of brightness across the LCD backlight. An external resistor (RSET) sets the nominal output current. The device can deliver as much as 20 mA per channel during low voltage operation (3 V), and 30 mA per channel during nominal operation (3.3 V). A constant high-frequency switching scheme (1 MHz) provides low noise and allows the use of very small value ceramic capacitors. A “zero” quiescent current mode can be achieved via the chip enable pin EN. The Main and Sub LEDs each have their own dedicated ON/OFF control pins ENM, ENS. Dimming can be achieved using either a DC voltage to control the RSET pin current, or by applying a PWM signal on the ENM and ENS pins. The device is available in a 16−pad TQFN package with a max height of 0.8 mm. 1 LED6 LED1 EN C2+ GND ENM C2− ENS C1− Applications • • • • Cell Phone Main and Sub−display Backlight Navigation PDAs Digital Cameras © Semiconductor Components Industries, LLC, 2010 January, 2010 − Rev. 3 C1+ VIN Drives up to 4 Main LEDs and 2 Sub LEDs Separate Control for Main and Sub LEDs Compatible with Supply Voltage of 3 V to 5.5 V Power Efficiency up to 90% Output Current up to 30 mA per LED High−frequency Operation at 1 MHz 2 Modes of Operation 1x and 1.5x White LED Detect Circuitry on All Channels Shutdown Current less than 1 mA Small Ceramic Capacitors Soft Start and Current Limiting Short Circuit Protection 16−pad TQFN Package, 0.8 mm Max Height These Devices are Pb−Free, Halogen Free/BFR Free and are RoHS Compliant RSET • • • • • • • • • • • • • • VOUT Features (4 x 4 mm) (Top View) MARKING DIAGRAMS G366 CDBB G366 = CAT3606HV4−T2 CDBB = CAT3606HV4−GT2 ORDERING INFORMATION Device Package CAT3606HV4−T2 TQFN−16 (Note 2) CAT3606HV4−GT2 TQFN−16 (Note 3) Shipping 2,000/ Tape & Reel 1. The “exposed pad” under the package must be connected to the ground plane on the PCB. 2. Matte−Tin Plated Finish (RoHS−compliant). 3. NiPdAu Plated Finish (RoHS−compliant). 1 Publication Order Number: CAT3606/D CAT3606 1 mF C1+ Li−Ion Battery + 1 mF C1− C2+ C2− CIN 1 mF − Main Display Sub Display VOUT VIN COUT CAT3606 EN ENABLE LED1−4 ENM ENABLE LED5−6 ENS RSET 24 kW 1 mF LED1 ON/OFF LED2 LED3 20 mA LED4 LED5 RSET LED6 GND Figure 1. Typical Application Circuit Table 1. PIN DESCRIPTION Pin # Name Function 1 LED6 2 EN 3 ENM Enable “main” input for LED1 to LED4, active low 4 ENS Enable “sub” input for LED5 and LED6, active low 5 RSET The LED output current is set by the current sourced out of the RSET pin 6 VOUT Charge pump output connected to the LED anodes 7 VIN Supply voltage 8 C1+ Bucket capacitor 1 terminal 9 C1 Bucket capacitor 1 terminal 10 C2 Bucket capacitor 2 terminal Bucket capacitor 2 terminal LED6 cathode terminal Enable/shutdown input, active high 11 C2+ 12 LED1 LED 1 cathode terminal 13 LED2 LED 2 cathode terminal 14 LED3 LED 3 cathode terminal 15 LED4 LED 4 cathode terminal 16 LED5 LED 5 cathode terminal PAD GND Ground reference http://onsemi.com 2 CAT3606 Table 2. ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS Parameter Rating Unit VIN, VOUT, LEDx voltage −0.3 to 7.0 V EN, ENM, ENS voltage −0.3 to VIN V RSET voltage −0.3 to VIN V RSET current ±1 mA Ambient Temperature Range −40 to +85 _C Storage Temperature Range −65 to +160 _C 300 _C 2,000 V 200 V Lead Temperature ESD Rating HBM (Human Body Model) ESD Rating MM (Machine Model) (Note 4) Stresses exceeding Maximum Ratings may damage the device. Maximum Ratings are stress ratings only. Functional operation above the Recommended Operating Conditions is not implied. Extended exposure to stresses above the Recommended Operating Conditions may affect device reliability. 4. Machine model is with 200 pF capacitor discharged directly into each pin. Table 3. RECOMMENDED OPERATING CONDITIONS Parameter VIN Ambient Temperature Range Range Unit 3.0 to 5.5 V −40 to +85 _C 1 ±20% Typical mF ILED per LED pin 0 to 30 mA IOUT Total Output Current 0 to 150 mA Input/Output/Bucket Capacitors Table 4. ELECTRICAL OPERATING CHARACTERISTICS (Limits over recommended operating conditions unless specified otherwise. Typical values at TA = 25°C, VIN = 3.5 V, IRSET = 5 mA.) Symbol IQ Parameter Conditions Quiescent Current Min VEN = 0 V 1x Mode, No Load 1.5x Mode, No Load Max Unit 0.1 0.3 2.6 1 1 5 mA mA mA 1.2 1.23 V VRSET RSET Regulated Voltage ILED Programmed LED Current IRSET = 5 mA IRSET = 37 mA IRSET = 78 mA ILED LED Current Range with 6 LEDs 3.3 ≤ VIN ≤ 4.5 V 3.0 ≤ VIN ≤ 4.5 V 30 20 mA ILED LED Current Range with 4 LEDs 3.3 ≤ VIN ≤ 4.5 V 30 mA ILED−ACC LED Current Accuracy 0.5 mA ≤ ILED ≤ 3 mA 3 mA ≤ ILED ≤ 30 mA ±15 ±5 % ILED−DEV LED Channel Matching (ILED – ILEDAVG) / ILEDAVG ±3 % ROUT Output Resistance (Open Loop) 1x Mode, 1.5x Mode, IOUT = 100 mA 1.4 6.5 2.5 10 W fOSC Charge Pump Frequency 0.8 1.0 1.3 MHz 1x to 1.5x Mode Transition Dropout Delay 0.4 0.6 0.9 ms 1 mA TDROPOUT 1.17 Typ IEN−CTR Input Leakage Current On Inputs EN, ENM, ENS VEN−CTR High Detect Threshold Low Detect Threshold On Inputs EN, ENM, ENS ISC Input Current Limit ILIM Maximum Input Current 2.4 15.0 30.0 mA 0.8 0.7 1.3 V 0.4 VOUT = GND 30 45 60 mA VOUT > 1 V 200 400 600 mA http://onsemi.com 3 CAT3606 Block Diagram 1 mF C1− C1+ C2− VIN 3 V to 4.2 V C2+ 1x mode (LDO) 1.5x Charge Pump VIN Battery 1 mF VOUT COUT CIN 1 mF 1 mF Mode Control 1 MHz Oscillator LED1 EN LED2 LED3 LED4 LED5 1.2 V Ref RSET RSET 24 kW ENM ENS LED6 Main Current Setting Sub 6 Current Sink Regulators LED Output Select GND Figure 2. CAT3606 Functional Block Diagram http://onsemi.com 4 20 mA CAT3606 Basic Operation At power-up, the CAT3606 starts operation in 1x mode. If it is able to drive the programmed LED current, it continues in 1x mode. If the battery voltage drops to a level where the LED current cannot be met, the driver automatically switches into 1.5x mode, to boost the output voltage high enough to achieve the nominal LED current. The above sequence is reinitialized each and every time the chip is powered up or is taken out of shutdown mode (via EN pin). The use of the Main and Sub display enable pins (ENM or ENS) does not affect the mode of operation. The enable lines ENM and ENS allow to turn On or Off a group of LEDs as shown in Table 6. Table 6. LED Selection Control Lines LED Current Setting The LED current is set by the external resistor RSET connected between the RSET pin and ground. Table 5 lists various LED currents and the associated RSET resistor value for standard 1% precision surface mount resistors. RSET (kW) 1 649 2 287 5 102 10 49.9 15 32.4 20 23.7 30 15.4 EN ENM ENS Main LED1 − LED4 Sub LED5 − LED6 0 X X – – 1 1 1 – – 1 0 1 ON − 1 1 0 − ON 1 0 0 ON ON NOTES: 1 = logic high (or VIN) 0 = logic low (or GND) – = LED output OFF X = don’t care Table 5. RSET Resistor Selection LED Current (mA) LED Outputs The unused LED channels can also be turned off by connecting the respective LED pins to VOUT. In which case, the corresponding LED driver is disabled and the typical LED sink current is only about 0.2 mA. When the following equation is true on any channel, the driver turns off the LED channel: VOUT * V LED v 1 V (LED channel OFF) Note: The CAT3606 is designed to drive LEDs with forward voltage greater than 1 V and is not compatible with resistive loads. http://onsemi.com 5 CAT3606 TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS (VIN = 3.6 V, EN = VIN, ENM = ENS = GND, CIN = COUT = 1 mF, RSET = 24 kW (20 mA per LED), TAMB = 25°C, unless otherwise specified.) 100 1x Mode 90 1.5x Mode EFFICIENCY (%) EFFICIENCY (%) 90 100 80 15 mA per LED 70 20 mA per LED 60 50 40 4.2 4.0 3.8 3.6 3.4 3.2 50 100 150 200 TOTAL LED CURRENT (mA) Figure 3. Efficiency vs. Input Voltage (6 LEDs) Figure 4. Efficiency vs. Total LED Current (6 LEDs) 4 LED CURRENT CHANGE (%) LED CURRENT CHANGE (%) 0 INPUT VOLTAGE (V) 0.5 6 LEDs at 15 mA 0 −0.5 −1.0 3.0 3.2 3.4 3.6 3.8 4.0 3 2 6 LEDs at 15 mA VIN = 4 V 1 0 −1 −2 −3 −4 −50 4.2 −25 0 25 50 75 100 INPUT VOLTAGE (V) TEMPERATURE (°C) Figure 5. LED Current vs. Input Voltage Figure 6. LED Current Change vs. Temperature 125 0.5 GROUND CURRENT (mA) 0.5 GROUND CURRENT (mA) VIN = 3.2 V (1.5x Mode) 60 40 3.0 1.0 0.4 0.3 0.2 6 LEDs Off 0.1 0 70 50 1.5 −1.5 VIN = 4 V (1x Mode) 80 3.0 3.2 3.4 3.6 3.8 4.0 0.4 0.3 0.2 0 −40 4.2 6 LEDs OFF RSET = 500 kW 0.1 −20 0 20 40 60 80 INPUT VOLTAGE (V) TEMPERATURE (°C) Figure 7. Ground Current vs. Input Voltage (1x Mode) Figure 8. Ground Current vs. Temperature (1x Mode) http://onsemi.com 6 100 CAT3606 TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS (VIN = 3.6 V, EN = VIN, ENM = ENS = GND, CIN = COUT = 1 mF, RSET = 24 kW (20 mA per LED), TAMB = 25°C, unless otherwise specified.) GROUND CURRENT (mA) GROUND CURRENT (mA) 5 4 3 2 VIN = 3.6 V all LEDs open 1 140 1.5x Mode 120 100 1x Mode 6 LEDs at 15 mA 0 3.0 3.2 3.4 3.6 3.8 4.0 80 4.2 Figure 10. Supply Current vs. Input Voltage 4.2 1.10 CLOCK FREQUENCY (MHz) CLOCK FREQUENCY (MHz) 4.0 Figure 9. Ground Current vs. Input Voltage (1.5x Mode) 1.00 0.95 6 LEDs at 20 mA 3.0 3.2 3.4 3.6 3.8 4.0 1.05 1.00 VIN = 3.6 V 6 LEDs at 15 mA 0.95 0.90 −40 4.2 −20 0 40 20 60 80 INPUT VOLTAGE (V) TEMPERATURE (°C) Figure 11. Oscillator Frequency vs. Input Voltage Figure 12. Oscillator Frequency vs. Temperature 100 10 OUTPUT RESISTANCE (W) 4 OUTPUT RESISTANCE (W) 3.8 3.6 INPUT VOLTAGE (V) 1.05 3 2 100 mA load 1 0 3.4 3.2 INPUT VOLTAGE (V) 1.10 0.90 3.0 3.0 3.2 3.4 3.6 3.8 4.0 8 100 mA load 6 4 2 4.2 3.0 3.2 3.4 3.6 3.8 4.0 4.2 INPUT VOLTAGE (V) INPUT VOLTAGE (V) Figure 13. Output Resistance vs. Input Voltage (1x Mode) Figure 14. Output Resistance vs. Input Voltage (1.5x Mode) http://onsemi.com 7 CAT3606 TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS (VIN = 3.6 V, EN = VIN, ENM = ENS = GND, CIN = COUT = 1 mF, RSET = 24 kW (20 mA per LED), TAMB = 25°C, unless otherwise specified.) VIN 50mV/ div VIN 50mV/div Input Current 10mA/ div Input Current 10mA/div VOUT 50mV/ div VOUT 50mV/div 400 nsec/div 400 nsec/div Figure 15. Switching Waveforms in 1.5x Mode Figure 16. Operating Waveforms in 1x Mode EN 2V/div EN 2V/div Input Current 100mA/ div Input Current 100mA/div VOUT 2V/div VOUT 2V/div 400 msec/div 400 msec/div Figure 17. Power Up 6 LEDs at 15 mA, VIN = 3 V (1.5x Mode) Figure 18. Power Up 6 LEDs at 15 mA, VIN = 3.6 V (1x Mode) LED CURRENT (mA) 100 Vin 3.6V to 4.9V 1V/div Input Current 5mA/div 10 VOUT 2V/div AC coupled 1 0.1 AC coupled AC coupled 10 100 1000 10,000 200 msec/div RSET (kW) Figure 19. LED Current vs. RSET Figure 20. Line Transient Response in 1x Mode http://onsemi.com 8 CAT3606 TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS (VIN = 3.6 V, EN = VIN, ENM = ENS = GND, CIN = COUT = 1 mF, TAMB = 25°C, unless otherwise specified.) 1.24 4 RSET PIN VOLTAGE (V) OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V) 5 1x Mode 3 2 1 0 0 100 200 300 400 1.22 1.20 1.18 1.16 −50 500 −25 0 25 50 75 100 125 OUTPUT CURRENT (mA) TEMPERATURE (°C) Figure 21. Foldback Current Limiting Figure 22. RSET Pin Voltage vs. Temperature ENM & ENS 5V/div VOUT 1V/div Tot. LED Current 50mA/div 200 msec/div Figure 23. PWM Dimming at 1 kHz on ENM and ENS Recommended Layout When the driver is in the 1.5x charge pump mode, the 1 MHz switching frequency operation requires to minimize trace length and impedance to ground on all 4 capacitors. A ground plane should cover the area on the bottom side of the PCB opposite to the IC and the bypass capacitors. Capacitors Cin and Cout require short connection to ground which can be done with multiple vias as shown on Figure 24. A square copper area matches the QFN16 exposed pad (GND) and must be connected to the ground plane underneath. The use of multiple via will improve the heat dissipation. Figure 24. PCB Layout http://onsemi.com 9 CAT3606 PACKAGE DIMENSIONS TQFN16, 4x4 CASE 510AE−01 ISSUE A A D DETAIL A E2 E PIN#1 ID PIN#1 INDEX AREA TOP VIEW SIDE VIEW SYMBOL MIN NOM MAX A 0.70 0.75 0.80 A1 0.00 0.02 0.05 A3 BOTTOM VIEW e b 0.20 REF b 0.25 0.30 0.35 D 3.90 4.00 4.10 D2 2.00 −−− 2.25 E 3.90 4.00 4.10 E2 2.00 −−− 2.25 e L D2 A1 L DETAIL A 0.65 BSC 0.45 −−− A 0.65 Notes: (1) All dimensions are in millimeters. (2) Complies with JEDEC MO-220. A1 A3 FRONT VIEW http://onsemi.com 10 CAT3606 Example of Ordering Information (Note 7) 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. Prefix Device # Suffix CAT 3606 HV4 −G T2 Company ID (Optional) Product Number 3606 Package HV4: TQFN 4 x 4 mm Lead Finish G: NiPdAu Blank: Matte−Tin (Note 8) Tape & Reel (Note 9) T: Tape & Reel 2: 2,000 / Reel All packages are RoHS−compliant (Lead−free, Halogen−free). The standard lead finish is NiPdAu. The device used in the above example is a CAT3606HV4−GT2 (TQFN, NiPdAu Plated Finish, Tape & Reel, 2,000/Reel). For Matte−Tin package option, please contact your nearest ON Semiconductor Sales office. For information on tape and reel specifications, including part orientation and tape sizes, please refer to our Tape and Reel Packaging Specifications Brochure, BRD8011/D. ON Semiconductor and are registered trademarks of Semiconductor Components Industries, LLC (SCILLC). SCILLC reserves the right to make changes without further notice to any products herein. SCILLC makes no warranty, representation or guarantee regarding the suitability of its products for any particular purpose, nor does SCILLC assume any liability arising out of the application or use of any product or circuit, and specifically disclaims any and all liability, including without limitation special, consequential or incidental damages. “Typical” parameters which may be provided in SCILLC data sheets and/or specifications can and do vary in different applications and actual performance may vary over time. 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