Extended Lifetime Aluminum Electrolytic Capacitors Longer Life Applications – End Products Component Life Time Behavior Review of Life Time Ratings Selection Based upon Lifetime Ratings Extended Lifetime Products +150°C & +125°C Rated Products Example Application Review Component Technology Comparison Competition Cross-Reference NIC Global Technical Support Contacts Any questions on the following material, please contact: Jim Wright, NIC Components Corp. [email protected] 631-396-7500 x213 Or - NIC Technical support @ [email protected] 1 Global Reach: The Americas | Europe | SE Asia www.niccomp.com | www.LowESR.com | www.SMTmagnetics.com Technical Support: [email protected] Longer Life End Products & Applications In designing a product, the engineer must assure that the shortestlived component lasts long enough to provide a useful service life for the equipment LED, Florescent & Induction Lighting +60,000 Hrs Lifetime About 10 years burning on 6000hrs /year (~70% of time) Indeed on a 12-hour switching cycle, lamps are shown to achieve a massive 80,000 hours life when operated on electronic ballasts. Power management for redundant systems Fault-tolerant critical power supplies Digital Home Appliances >10 Year Life Span 80,000-hour ratings for servers, power supplies and medical applications 2 Global Reach: The Americas | Europe | SE Asia www.niccomp.com | www.LowESR.com | www.SMTmagnetics.com Technical Support: [email protected] Electrolytic Capacitor - Life Time Behavior Wound Capacitor Element X-Ray Saturated with Liquid Electrolyte Liquid Electrolyte Construction Aluminum Electrolytic Capacitors Most common & highest volume construction used globally ( ~100 Billion Units / Year ) Liquid electrolyte construction has advantages and disadvantages Advantages (pros): Disadvantages (cons): Low Cost Surge Resistant Self Healing High Capacitance High Voltage U Limited Lifetime U Wear out U Typically larger size than Tantalum & MLCC 9 9 9 9 9 3 Global Reach: The Americas | Europe | SE Asia www.niccomp.com | www.LowESR.com | www.SMTmagnetics.com Technical Support: [email protected] Electrolytic Capacitor - Life Time Behavior Component Lifetime Estimates are based upon circuit behaviour expectation • Component wear-out is point when capacitor function degrades circuit performance below minimum performance expectation • Goal is to select component to meet the end use equipment lifetime requirement, prior to capacitor wear out Bathtub Curve equipment lifetime Burn-In Failures typically removed from population during 100% component reforming – aging process (At elevated temp & voltage) Wear Out When capacitor function degrades circuit performance below minimum performance expectation 4 Global Reach: The Americas | Europe | SE Asia www.niccomp.com | www.LowESR.com | www.SMTmagnetics.com Technical Support: [email protected] Electrolytic Capacitor - Life Time Behavior COMPARISON EXAMPLE Capacitor Lifetime Performance Comparison 10,000 hrs @ +105°C 8000 hrs @ +105°C 4000 hrs @ +105°C 2000 hrs @ +105°C 1000 hrs @ +105°C equipment lifetime 5 Global Reach: The Americas | Europe | SE Asia www.niccomp.com | www.LowESR.com | www.SMTmagnetics.com Technical Support: [email protected] Electrolytic Capacitor - Life Time Behavior Performance Characteristic Change over Time @ Rated Temperature 1200uF @ 10VDC, 10x20mm Size: 4000 Hour Load Life Rating @ +105C @ WVDC 10,000 hours @ +105°C @ 10VDC Capacitance Change (%) Test Time (1000 hours) Capacitance = 1200uF 1056uF 948uF Dissipation of the liquid electrolyte from the capacitor reduces the cathode connection, resulting in capacitance decrease & DF (ESR) increase The rate of dissipation follows the Arrhenius equation for chemical reactions 9 Temperature affects how quickly a reaction occurs 9 Reaction rate will double for each 10°C increase in temperature (rule of thumb) How much does temperature affect reaction rate within liquid electrolyte aluminum electrolytic capacitors? Î Capacitor life time expectation doubles for 10°C decrease in operating temperature 6 Global Reach: The Americas | Europe | SE Asia www.niccomp.com | www.LowESR.com | www.SMTmagnetics.com Technical Support: [email protected] Electrolytic Capacitor - Life Time Behavior Performance Characteristic Change over Time @ Rated Temperature 1200uF @ 10VDC, 10x20mm Size: 4000 Hour Load Life Rating @ +105C @ WVDC DF 10,000 hours @ +105°C @ 10VDC Loss Tangent (%) Test Time (1000 hours) Tan δ = 0.19 0.38 0.66 ohm 120Hz ESR (Max) = 0.26 ohm Increasing resistive losses over time Capacitor becomes less efficient over time of operation ESR (Equivalent Series Resistance) increases over time 7 Global Reach: The Americas | Europe | SE Asia www.niccomp.com | www.LowESR.com | www.SMTmagnetics.com Technical Support: [email protected] Life Estimate – Operating Temperature Estimated Life (Hours) Operation Ratings (Hours) @ Rated VDC / Estimated Life (Hours) @ Rated VDC General Purpose High Reflow Rated Low ESR High Reflow Rated Low ESR 6.3~ 100VDC Low ESR +125°C 6.3~ 100VDC Long Life 6.3~ 50VDC Temp NACE NAWE NAZU NAZT NATT NAZV +125°C - - - - 2,000 - +105°C - 1,000 3,000 5,000 8,000 10,000 +95°C - 2,000 6,000 10,000 16,000 20,000 +85°C 2,000 6,000 12,000 20,000 32,000 40,000 +75°C 4,000 12,000 24,000 40,000 64,000 80,000 +65°C 8,000 24,000 48,000 80,000 128,000 >15 years +55°C 16,000 48,000 96,000 >15 years >15 years >15 years +45°C 32,000 96,000 >15 years >15 years >15 years >15 years 5 years 10 years Convert Hours to Years (24/7) Hours Years Hours Years 1,000 0.1 24,000 2.7 2,000 0.2 32,000 3.7 3,000 0.3 40,000 4.6 4,000 0.5 43,800 5.0 5,000 0.6 48,000 5.5 6,000 0.7 64,000 7.3 8,000 0.9 80,000 9.1 10,000 1.1 87,600 10.0 12,000 1.4 96,000 11.0 16,000 1.8 128,000 14.6 20,000 2.3 160,000 >15 Typical Use Temperature 8 Global Reach: The Americas | Europe | SE Asia www.niccomp.com | www.LowESR.com | www.SMTmagnetics.com Technical Support: [email protected] Capacitor Specification Review Specification Sheet Load Life Rated at maximum rated temperature (i.e. +105°C) and WVDC Load Life Rating by Component Diameter ( Ø mm ) Load Life Test Limits NOTE: Possible variation in test limits between component manufacturers Example: ±30% instead of ±20% limit for Δ Capacitance Based upon endurance test results performed by component manufacturer 9 Global Reach: The Americas | Europe | SE Asia www.niccomp.com | www.LowESR.com | www.SMTmagnetics.com Technical Support: [email protected] Extended Lifetime Rated Products : +105°C +105°C 10 Global Reach: The Americas | Europe | SE Asia www.niccomp.com | www.LowESR.com | www.SMTmagnetics.com Technical Support: [email protected] Extended Lifetime Rated Products +150°C & +125°C Maximum Temperature Rating Load Life Rating NIC Series Temp. Range Type / Voltage Ratings +150°C 1000 Hrs NRE-WX LDD -40 ~ +150°C Special Temp / 10 - 63VDC +125°C 3000 Hrs 1500 Hrs NSPE-T SMT -55 ~ +125°C Hybrid Low ESR / Special Temp 25 - 63VDC +125°C 2000 Hrs NSPE-U SMT -55 ~ +125°C Hybrid Low ESR / Special Temp 6.3 - 16VDC +125°C 2000 Hrs 1500 Hrs 1000 Hrs NATT SMT -40 ~ +125°C Special Temp / 6.3 - 100VDC +125°C 2000 Hrs NATK SMT -40 ~ +125°C Special Temp / 16 - 35VDC +125°C 2000 Hrs 1000 Hrs NRWX LDD -55 ~ +125°C Special Temp / 10 - 50VDC Type Temp. +150°C Load Life Estimation (Hours) 1000 hrs +140°C 2000 hrs +130°C 4000 hrs +120°C Hours Years 8,000 0.9 8000 hrs 16,000 1.8 +110°C 16,000 hrs 43,800 5 +105°C 22,627 hrs 87,600 10 +95°C 45,250 hrs +85°C 90,500 hrs 131,400 15 +75°C > 15 years 11 Global Reach: The Americas | Europe | SE Asia www.niccomp.com | www.LowESR.com | www.SMTmagnetics.com Technical Support: [email protected] Extended Lifetime Rated Products +150°C & +125°C Maximum Temperature Rating Load Life Rating NIC Series Temp. Range Type / Voltage Ratings +150°C 1000 Hrs NRE-WX LDD -40 ~ +150°C Special Temp / 10 - 63VDC +125°C 3000 Hrs 1500 Hrs NSPE-T SMT -55 ~ +125°C Hybrid Low ESR / Special Temp 25 - 63VDC +125°C 2000 Hrs NSPE-U SMT -55 ~ +125°C Hybrid Low ESR / Special Temp 6.3 - 16VDC +125°C 2000 Hrs 1500 Hrs 1000 Hrs NATT SMT -40 ~ +125°C Special Temp / 6.3 - 100VDC +125°C 2000 Hrs NATK SMT -40 ~ +125°C Special Temp / 16 - 35VDC +125°C 2000 Hrs 1000 Hrs NRWX LDD -55 ~ +125°C Special Temp / 10 - 50VDC Temp. Type Load Life Estimation (Hours) +125°C 2000 hrs +115°C 4000 hrs +105°C 8000 hrs +95°C 16,000 hrs +85°C 32,000 hrs +75°C 64,000 hrs +65°C 128,000 hrs Global Reach: The Americas | Europe | SE Asia Hours Years 8,000 0.9 16,000 1.8 32,000 3.7 64,000 7.3 128,000 14.6 12 www.niccomp.com | www.LowESR.com | www.SMTmagnetics.com Technical Support: [email protected] Extended Lifetime Rated Products +105°C Maximum Temperature Rating Load Life Rating NIC Series (PDF) Temp. Range Type / Voltage Ratings +105°C 12,000 Hrs 10,000 Hrs NRBX LDD -25 ~ +105°C Long Life / 160 - 450VDC +105°C 10,000 Hrs 7000 Hrs 5000 Hrs NSPE-H SMT -55 ~ +105°C Hybrid Low ESR / 10Khrs SMT 25 - 100VDC +105°C 10,000 Hrs 7000 Hrs NAZV SMT -25 ~ +105°C 10Khrs SMT 6.3 - 50VDC +105°C 10,000 Hrs NRGB LDD -25 ~ +105°C 10Khrs All Sizes / 10 - 100VDC +105°C 10,000 Hrs 8000 Hrs 6000 Hrs NRSH LDD -40 ~ +105°C Low ESR / 6.3 - 50VDC +105°C 10,000 Hrs 8000 Hrs 7000 Hrs 6000 Hrs 5000 Hrs 4000 Hrs NRE-HL LDD -40 ~ +105°C Low ESR / 6.3 - 100VDC +105°C 10,000 Hrs 8000 Hrs 7000 Hrs 5000 Hrs 4000 Hrs 2000 Hrs NRE-FL LDD -40 ~ +105°C Low ESR / 6.3 - 250VDC +105°C 10,000 Hrs 8000 Hrs 5000 Hrs NRB-XS LDD -25 ~ +105°C High RC Rated / 160 - 450VDC Temp. +105°C +95°C +85°C +75°C +65°C Global Reach: The Americas | Europe | SE Asia Type Load Life Estimation (Hours) 10,000 hrs 20,000 hrs 40,000 hrs 80,000 hrs > 15 years Hours 10,000 20,000 40,000 80,000 Years 1.1 2.3 4.6 9.1 13 www.niccomp.com | www.LowESR.com | www.SMTmagnetics.com Technical Support: [email protected] Lighting Circuit Application - Aluminum Electrolytic Capacitors GOAL: 9+ Years Operation 80,000 Hrs @ +75°C = 10,000 Hrs @ +105°C 200uF @ ≥20VDC www.niccomp.com/catalog/NRGB.pdf • • Radial Leaded 10,000 hours @ +105°C – 2 X 100uF – 25VDC PN: NRGB101M25V6.3X11F 100 µF, 25VDC, 6.3x11mm 2.5mm LS -40C ~+105C 10,000 hrs @ +105°C 40,000 hrs @ +85°C 80,000 hrs @ +75°C >15 years @ +65°C Available Today Low Cost & Smallest Size Solution 100uF / 20V 100uF / 20V 14 Global Reach: The Americas | Europe | SE Asia www.niccomp.com | www.LowESR.com | www.SMTmagnetics.com Technical Support: [email protected] Technology Comparison - Capacitors For higher voltage requirements (>16VDC) look to aluminium electrolytic capacitors – Lower cost solution • Aluminium E-cap : – 100uF @ 25VDC ≈ $0.11 each – 220uF @ 25VDC ≈ $0.18 each • Tantalum E-cap: – 100uF @ 25VDC = >$0.75 each – Wide range of offerings CVs – sizes: SMT & LDD – Voltages to 450VDC – Transient resistant: – EOS resistant (Surge rating – Reverse bias tolerant – Stable characteristic under voltage bias – Superior to high cap ceramic MLCCs 15 Global Reach: The Americas | Europe | SE Asia www.niccomp.com | www.LowESR.com | www.SMTmagnetics.com Technical Support: [email protected] Competition Comparison Cross Reference – Extended Lifetime Aluminium Electrolytic Capacitors NIC Series Type Load Life Rating Category Temp ELNA EPCOS NICHICON PANASONIC RUBYCON UCC NRE-WX LDD 1000 hrs 150°C ●●● ●●● UBX ●●● RX50 ●●● NATT SMT 2,000 hrs 125°C ●●● B41161 UCJ EEVTG ●●● ●●● NRWX LDD 2,000 hrs 125°C ●●● ●●● ●●● ●●● ●●● ●●● NRBX LDD 12,000 hrs 105°C RJ4 B43858 UCA EEUED BXA KXG, KXJ NSPE-H SMT 10,000 hrs 105°C ●●● ●●● PCF 3 ●●● ●●● NAZV SMT 10,000 hrs 105°C ●●● ●●● UCW ●●● ●●● MZE NRGB LDD 10,000 hrs 105°C ●●● ●●● ●●● ●●● YXM ●●● NRSH LDD 10,000 hrs 105°C RJF ●●● UHV ●●● ZLH KZH NRE-HL LDD 10,000 hrs 105°C RJL B41888 ●●● ●●● ZL EKY NRE-FL LDD 10,000 hrs 105°C ●●● B41888 ●●● ●●● YXF KMF, KMY NRB-XS LDD 10,000 hrs 105°C ●●● ●●● UCA EEUEE BXC KXG NRSZC LDD 7,000 hrs 105°C ●●● B41863 UPW EEUFC ●●● ●●● NRSX LDD 7,000 hrs 105°C RJ3, RJH ●●● UPF, UPL EEAFC ●●● LXZ, KMF 1 PXH 2 Notes: 1 EPCOS B41161 series is +125°C, load life is 1000 hours; ~4000 hours @ +105°C 2 UCC PXH is solid polymer, but only rated 1000 hours & 20VDC Max 3 NICHICON PCF is solid polymer, but only rated 2000 hours & 25VDC Max 16 Global Reach: The Americas | Europe | SE Asia www.niccomp.com | www.LowESR.com | www.SMTmagnetics.com Technical Support: [email protected] NIC Technical Support Î NIC Corporate NIC Components Corp. 70 Maxess Road, Melville, NY USA 11747 TEL: 1-631-396-7500 www.NICcomp.com Covering North America Jim Wright (VP - Technology) [email protected] x 213 Paul Harris (Technical Manager) [email protected] x 205 Matt Ciesinski (Product Engineer & Product Compliance Manager) [email protected] x 265 Mike Mack (Associate Engineer) [email protected] NIC Lab x 331 Î NIC Singapore NIC Components Asia Pte Ltd 701 Sims Drive, #07-01 LHK Building, Singapore 387383 TEL: 65-68441575 Covering SE Asia Ng Chin Khoon “CK” (QA Manager - SE Asia) [email protected] ÎNIC Europe NIC Components Europe Ltd 14 Top Angel Buckingham Industrial Park Buckingham MK18 1TH United Kingdom TEL: +44 (1280) 813 737 Covering Europe Tony Titre (Technical Sales Engineer - NIC Europe) [email protected] 17 Global Reach: The Americas | Europe | SE Asia www.niccomp.com | www.LowESR.com | www.SMTmagnetics.com Technical Support: [email protected]