Supercapacitors FM Series Overview Applications FM Series Supercapacitors, also known as Electric DoubleLayer Capacitors (EDLCs), are intended for high energy storage applications. Supercapacitors have characteristics ranging from traditional capacitors and batteries. As a result, supercapacitors can be used like a secondary battery when applied in a DC circuit. These devices are best suited for use in low voltage DC hold-up applications such as embedded microprocessor systems with flash memory. Benefits • Rectangular case • Wide range of temperature from -25°C to +70°C (all types except FMR) and -40°C to +85°C (FMR type) • Maintenance free • 3.5 VDC, 5.5 VDC, and 6.5 VDC • Highly reliable against liquid leakage • Lead-free and RoHS Compliant • Leads can be transverse mounted Part Number System FM 0H 223 Z F TP 16 Series Maximum Operating Voltage Capacitance Code (F) Capacitance Tolerance Environmental Tape Type Height (excluding lead) Z = -20/+80% F = Lead-free FM FME FML FMR FMC 0V = 3.5 VDC 0H = 5.5 VDC 0J = 6.5 VDC First two digits represent significant figures. Third digit specifies number of zeros. © KEMET Electronics Corporation • P.O. Box 5928 • Greenville, SC 29606 (864) 963-6300 • www.kemet.com TP = AMMO -L1 = Transverse mounting Blank = Bulk 16 = 16 mm 18 = 18 mm Blank = Bulk One world. One KEMET S6012_FM • 3/7/2014 1 Supercapacitors – FM Series Dimensions – Millimeters B ±0.5 T ±0.5 A ±0.5 0.4 ±0.1 5 ±1 D1 ±0.1 D2 ±0.1 5 ±0.5 Part Number A B T D1 D2 FM0H103ZF FM0H223ZF FM0H473ZF FM0H104ZF FM0H224ZF FM0V473ZF FM0V104ZF FM0V224ZF FM0J473ZF FME0H223ZF FME0H473ZF FML0H333ZF FMR0H473ZF FMR0H104ZF FMR0V104ZF FMC0H473ZF FMC0H104ZF FMC0H334ZF 11.5 11.5 11.5 11.5 11.5 11.5 11.5 11.5 11.5 11.5 11.5 11.5 11.5 11.5 11.5 11.5 11.5 15.0 10.5 10.5 10.5 10.5 10.5 10.5 10.5 10.5 10.5 10.5 10.5 10.5 10.5 10.5 10.5 10.5 10.5 14.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 6.5 6.5 5.0 5.0 6.5 6.5 5.0 5.0 5.0 6.5 6.5 6.5 5.0 6.5 9.0 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.6 For transverseForming mounting ＜L1＞ Lead Terminal Add “L1” to the end of bulk part number for transverse mounting option © KEMET Electronics Corporation • P.O. Box 5928 • Greenville, SC 29606 (864) 963-6300 • www.kemet.com S6012_FM • 3/7/2014 2 Supercapacitors – FM Series Performance Characteristics Supercapacitors should not be used for applications such as ripple absorption because of their high internal resistance (several hundred mΩ to a hundred Ω) compared to aluminum electrolytic capacitors. Thus, its main use would be similar to that of secondary battery such as power back-up in DC circuit. The following list shows the characteristics of supercapacitors as compared to aluminum electrolytic capacitors for power back-up and secondary batteries. Secondary Battery Capacitor NiCd Lithium Ion Aluminum Electrolytic Supercapacitor – – – – Cd – – – -20 to +60ºC -20 to +50ºC -55 to +105ºC -40 to +85ºC (FR, FT) few hours few hours few seconds few seconds approximately 500 times approximately 500 to 1,000 times limitless (*1) limitless (*1) yes yes none none Flow Soldering not applicable not applicable applicable applicable Automatic Mounting not applicable not applicable applicable applicable (FM and FC series) leakage, explosion leakage, combustion, explosion, ignition heat-up, explosion gas emission (*2) Back-up ability Eco-hazard Operating Temperature Range Charge Time Charge/Discharge Life Time Restrictions on Charge/Discharge Safety Risks (*1) Aluminum electrolytic capacitors and supercapacitors have limited lifetime. However, when used under proper conditions, both can operate within a predetermined lifetime. (*2) There is no harm as it is a mere leak of water vapor which transitioned from water contained in the electrolyte (diluted sulfuric acid). However, application of abnormal voltage surge exceeding maximum operating voltage may result in leakage and explosion. Typical Applications Intended Use (Guideline) Power Supply (Guideline) Long time back-up 500 μA and below Application Examples of Equipment Series CMOS microcomputer, IC for clocks CMOS microcomputer, static RAM/DTS (digital tuning system) FM series Environmental Compliance All KEMET supercapacitors are RoHS Compliant. © KEMET Electronics Corporation • P.O. Box 5928 • Greenville, SC 29606 (864) 963-6300 • www.kemet.com S6012_FM • 3/7/2014 3 Supercapacitors – FM Series Table 1 – Ratings & Part Number Reference Part Number Maximum Operating Voltage (VDC) Nominal Capacitance Maximum ESR Charge Discharge @ 1 kHz (Ω) System (F) System (F) Maximum Current @ 30 Minutes (mA) Voltage Holding Characteristic Weight (g) Minimum (V) FM0V473ZF 3.5 0.047 0.06 200 0.042 — FMR0V104ZF 3.5 0.10 — 50 0.090 — 1.3 1.6 FM0V104ZF 3.5 0.10 0.13 100 0.090 — 1.3 FM0V224ZF 3.5 0.22 0.30 100 0.20 — 1.6 FM0H103ZF 5.5 0.01 0.014 300 0.015 4.2 1.3 FME0H223ZF 5.5 0.022 0.028 40 0.033 — 1.3 FM0H223ZF 5.5 0.022 0.028 200 0.033 4.2 1.3 FML0H333ZF 5.5 — 0.033 6.5 0.050 — 1.3 FME0H473ZF 5.5 0.047 0.06 20 0.071 — 1.3 FMC0H473ZF 5.5 0.047 0.06 100 0.071 4.2 1.3 FM0H473ZF 5.5 0.047 0.06 200 0.071 4.2 1.3 FMR0H473ZF 5.5 0.047 0.062 200 0.071 4.2 1.6 FMR0H104ZF 5.5 0.10 — 50 0.15 4.2 1.6 FMC0H104ZF 5.5 0.10 0.13 50 0.15 4.2 1.6 FM0H104ZF 5.5 0.10 0.13 100 0.15 4.2 1.6 FM0H224ZF 5.5 — 0.22 100 0.33 4.2 1.6 FMC0H334ZF 5.5 — 0.33 25 0.50 4.2 3.5 FM0J473ZF 6.5 0.047 0.062 200 0.071 — 1.6 © KEMET Electronics Corporation • P.O. Box 5928 • Greenville, SC 29606 (864) 963-6300 • www.kemet.com S6012_FM • 3/7/2014 4 Supercapacitors – FM Series Specifications – All Types Except FMR Item FM 5.5 V Type, 3.5 V Type, 6.5 V Type, FMC Type FML Type, FME Type Category Temperature Range -25ºC to +70ºC -25ºC to +70ºC Maximum Operating Voltage 5.5 VDC, 3.5 VDC, 6.5 VDC 5.5 VDC Test Conditions (conforming to JIS C 5160-1) Capacitance Refer to Table 1 Refer to Table 1 Refer to “Measurement Conditions” Capacitance Allowance +80%, -20% +80%, -20% Refer to “Measurement Conditions” ESR Refer to Table 1 Refer to Table 1 Measured at 1 kHz, 10 mA; See also “Measurement Conditions” Current (30 minutes value) Refer to Table 1 Refer to Table 1 Refer to “Measurement Conditions” > 90% of initial ratings > 90% of initial ratings Surge voltage: Capacitance ESR ≤ 120% of initial ratings ≤ 120% of initial ratings Current (30 minutes value) ≤ 120% of initial ratings ≤ 120% of initial ratings Appearance No obvious abnormality No obvious abnormality Capacitance Phase 2 Charge: Discharge: Number of cycles: Series resistance: Surge ESR Capacitance ESR Characteristics in Different Temperature Current (30 minutes value) Current (30 minutes value) Phase 2 Phase 5 ≤ 400% or less than initial value ≤ 200% of initial value Satisfy initial ratings ≤ 1.5 CV (mA) Phase 5 Satisfy initial ratings Satisfy initial ratings Vibration Resistance Current (30 minutes value) Appearance Solderability Conforms to 4.17 Phase 1: Phase 2: Phase 4: Phase 5: Phase 6: +25 ±2ºC -25 ±2ºC +25 ±2ºC +70 ±2ºC +25 ±2ºC Conforms to 4.13 Frequency: Testing Time: 10 to 55 Hz 6 hours +245 ±5ºC 5 ±0.5 seconds Satisfy initial ratings ≤ 1.5 CV (mA) Phase 6 Satisfy initial ratings Satisfy initial ratings Capacitance ESR 0Ω 70 ±2ºC Within ±20% of initial value Within ±20% of initial value Phase 6 ≥ 50% of initial value Phase 3 ≤ 200% of initial value Capacitance ESR ≤ 400% of initial value Phase 3 Capacitance ESR ≥ 50% of initial value Discharge resistance: Temperature: 4.0 V (3.5 V type) 6.3 V (5.5 V type) 7.4 V (6.5 V type) 30 seconds 9 minutes 30 seconds 1,000 0.010 F 1500 Ω 0.022 F 560 Ω 0.033 F 510 Ω 0.047 F 300 Ω 0.068 F 240 Ω 0.10 F 150 Ω 0.22 F 56 Ω 0.33 F 51 Ω Satisfy initial ratings Satisfy initial ratings No obvious abnormality No obvious abnormality Over 3/4 of the terminal should be covered by the new solder Over 3/4 of the terminal should be covered by the new solder Conforms to 4.11 Solder temp: Dipping time: Satisfy initial ratings Satisfy initial ratings Conforms to 4.10 Solder temp: Dipping time: No obvious abnormality No obvious abnormality 1.6 mm from the bottom should be dipped. 1.6 mm from the bottom should be dipped. Capacitance Solder Heat Resistance ESR Current (30 minutes value) Appearance © KEMET Electronics Corporation • P.O. Box 5928 • Greenville, SC 29606 (864) 963-6300 • www.kemet.com +260 ±10ºC 10 ±1 seconds S6012_FM • 3/7/2014 5 Supercapacitors – FM Series Specifications – All Types Except FMR cont’d Item FM 5.5 V Type, 3.5 V Type, 6.5 V Type, FMC Type FML Type, FME Type Capacitance Temperature Cycle High Temperature and High Humidity Resistance High Temperature Load ESR Satisfy initial ratings Satisfy initial ratings Appearance No obvious abnormality No obvious abnormality Capacitance Within ±20% of initial value Within ±20% of initial value ESR ≤ 120% of initial ratings ≤ 120% of initial ratings Current (30 minutes value) ≤ 120% of initial ratings ≤ 120% of initial ratings Appearance No obvious abnormality No obvious abnormality Capacitance Within ±30% of initial value Within ±30% of initial value ESR < 200% of initial ratings < 200% of initial ratings Current (30 minutes value) < 200% of initial ratings < 200% of initial ratings Appearance No obvious abnormality No obvious abnormality Current (30 minutes value) Test Conditions (conforming to JIS C 5160-1) Conforms to 4.12 Temperature Condition: Number of cycles: Conforms to 4.14 Temperature: Relative humidity: Testing time: Conforms to 4.15 Temperature: Voltage applied: Series protection resistance: Testing time: Charging condition Voltage applied: Self Discharge Characteristics (Voltage Holding Characteristics) 5.5 V type: Voltage between terminal leads > 4.2 V 3.5 V type: Not specified 6.5 V type: Not specified Series resistance: Charging time: +40 ±2ºC 90 to 95% RH 240 ±8 hours +70 ±2ºC Maximum operating voltage 0Ω 1,000 +48 (+48/-0) hours 5.0 VDC (Terminal at the case side must be negative) 0Ω 24 hours Storage Let stand for 24 hours in condition described below with terminals opened. Ambient temperature: Relative humidity: © KEMET Electronics Corporation • P.O. Box 5928 • Greenville, SC 29606 (864) 963-6300 • www.kemet.com -25ºC→ Room temperature→ +70ºC→ Room temperature 5 cycles < 25ºC < 70% RH S6012_FM • 3/7/2014 6 Supercapacitors – FM Series Specifications – FMR Type Item FMR Type Test Conditions (conforming to JIS C 5160-1) Category Temperature Range -40ºC to +85ºC Maximum Operating Voltage 5.5 VDC, 3.5 VDC Capacitance Refer to Table 1 Refer to “Measurement Conditions” Capacitance Allowance +80%, -20% Refer to “Measurement Conditions” ESR Refer to Table 1 Measured at 1 kHz, 10 mA; See also “Measurement Conditions” Current (30 minutes value) Refer to Table 1 Refer to “Measurement Conditions” Capacitance More than 90% of initial ratings ESR Not to exceed 120% of initial ratings Current (30 minutes value) Not to exceed 120% of initial ratings Appearance No obvious abnormality Surge Capacitance ESR Capacitance ESR Characteristics in Different Temperature Phase 2 Phase 3 Capacitance ESR Phase 5 30% or higher than initial value 700% or less than initial value Satisfy initial ratings Solderability +25 ±2ºC -25 ±2ºC -40 ±2ºC +25 ±2ºC +70 ±2ºC +25 ±2ºC Satisfy initial ratings No terminal damage Conforms to 4.9 Satisfy initial ratings Conforms to 4.13 Frequency: Testing Time: 10 to 55 Hz 6 hours Conforms to 4.11 Solder temp: Dipping time: +245 ±5ºC 5 ±0.5 seconds Current (30 minutes value) Appearance Conforms to 4.17 Phase 1: Phase 2: Phase 3: Phase 4: Phase 5: Phase 6: 0Ω 85 ±2ºC Satisfy initial ratings Capacitance Vibration Resistance Discharge resistance: Temperature: Within ±20% of initial value Phase 6 Current (30 minutes value) ESR Charge: Discharge: Number of cycles: Series resistance: 4.0 V (3.5 V type) 6.3 V (5.5 V type) 30 seconds 9 minutes 30 seconds 1,000 0.047 F 300 Ω 0.10 F 150 Ω 1.5 CV (mA) or below Capacitance Lead Strength (tensile) 400% or less than initial value 200% or less than initial value Current (30 minutes value) ESR 50% higher than initial value Surge voltage: No obvious abnormality Over 3/4 of the terminal should be covered by the new solder 1.6 mm from the bottom should be dipped. Capacitance Solder Heat Resistance ESR Satisfy initial ratings Conforms to 4.10 Solder temp: Dipping time: No obvious abnormality 1.6 mm from the bottom should be dipped. Satisfy initial ratings Conforms to 4.12 Temperature Condition: Current (30 minutes value) Appearance Capacitance Temperature Cycle ESR Current (30 minutes value) Appearance No obvious abnormality © KEMET Electronics Corporation • P.O. Box 5928 • Greenville, SC 29606 (864) 963-6300 • www.kemet.com Number of cycles: +260 ±10ºC 10 ±1 seconds -40ºC→ Room temperature→ +85ºC→ Room temperature 5 cycles S6012_FM • 3/7/2014 7 Supercapacitors – FM Series Specifications – FMR Type cont’d Item High Temperature and High Humidity Resistance High Temperature Load FMR Type Capacitance Within ±20% of initial value ESR Not to exceed 120% of initial ratings Current (30 minutes value) Not to exceed 120% of initial ratings Appearance No obvious abnormality Capacitance Within ±30% of initial value ESR Below 200% of initial ratings Current (30 minutes value) Below 200% of initial ratings Appearance No obvious abnormality 5.5 V type: Voltage between terminal leads higher than 4.2 V Self Discharge Characteristics (Voltage Holding Characteristics) 3.5 V type: Not specified Test Conditions (conforming to JIS C 5160-1) Conforms to 4.14 Temperature: Relative humidity: Testing time: Conforms to 4.15 Temperature: Voltage applied: Series protection resistance: Testing time: Charging condition Voltage applied: Series resistance: Charging time: +40 ±2ºC 90 to 95% RH 240 ±8 hours +85 ±2ºC Maximum operating voltage 0Ω 1,000 +48 (+48/-0) hours 5.0 VDC (Terminal at the case side must be negative) 0Ω 24 hours Storage Let stand for 24 hours in condition described below with terminals opened. Ambient temperature: Relative humidity: Lower than 25ºC Lower than 70% RH Marking Negative polarity identification NT Nominal capacitance Maximum operating voltage 5.5V – Polarity 473 A1 + E E: FME type marking L: FML type marking R: FMR type marking C: FMC type marking Date code © KEMET Electronics Corporation • P.O. Box 5928 • Greenville, SC 29606 (864) 963-6300 • www.kemet.com S6012_FM • 3/7/2014 8 Supercapacitors – FM Series Packaging Quantities Part Number Bulk Quantity per Box Straight Lead Bulk Quantity per Box L1 Lead Option Ammo Pack Quantity FM0H103ZF FM0H223ZF FM0H473ZF FM0H104ZF FM0H224ZF FM0V473ZF FM0V104ZF FM0V224ZF FM0J473ZF FME0H223ZF 1,000 pieces 1,000 pieces 1,000 pieces 1,000 pieces 1,000 pieces 1,000 pieces 1,000 pieces 1,000 pieces 1,000 pieces 1,000 pieces 1,000 pieces 1,000 pieces 1,000 pieces 800 pieces 800 pieces 1,000 pieces 1,000 pieces 1,000 pieces 1,000 pieces 1,000 pieces 1,000 pieces 1,000 pieces 1,000 pieces 1,000 pieces 1,000 pieces 1,000 pieces 1,000 pieces 1,000 pieces 1,000 pieces 1,000 pieces FME0H473ZF FML0H333ZF FMR0H473ZF FMR0H104ZF FMR0V104ZF FMC0H473ZF FMC0H104ZF FMC0H334ZF 1,000 pieces 1,000 pieces 1,000 pieces 1,000 pieces 1,000 pieces 1,000 pieces 1,000 pieces 400 pieces 1,000 pieces 1,000 pieces 1,000 pieces 1,000 pieces 1,000 pieces 1,000 pieces 1,000 pieces 300 pieces 1,000 pieces 1,000 pieces 1,000 pieces 1,000 pieces 1,000 pieces 1,000 pieces 1,000 pieces 400 pieces © KEMET Electronics Corporation • P.O. Box 5928 • Greenville, SC 29606 (864) 963-6300 • www.kemet.com S6012_FM • 3/7/2014 9 Supercapacitors – FM Series Ammo Pack Taping Format (Except FMC0H334ZFTP) Δh P P2 b a c – + W2 W4 t3 H F – W0 W1 L P1 + W t2 P0 D0 t1 Ammo Pack Taping Specifications (Except FMC0H334ZFTP) Item Symbol Dimensions (mm) Component Height a 11.5 ±0.5 Component Width b 10.5 ±0.5 Component Thickness c Refer to “Dimensions” table Lead-Wire Width W4 0.5 ±0.1 Lead-Wire Thickness t3 0.4 ±0.1 Component Pitch P 12.7 ±1.0 Sprocket Hole Pitch P0 12.7 ±0.3 Sprocket Hole Center to Lead Center P1 3.85 ±0.7 Sprocket Hole Center to Component Center P2 6.35 ±0.7 Lead Spacing F 5.0 ±0.5 Component Alignment (side/side) ∆h 2.0 Maximum Carrier Tape Width W 18.0 +1.0/-0.5 Hold-Down Tape Width W0 12.5 Minimum Sprocket Hole Position W1 9.0 ±0.5 Hold-Down Tape Position W2 3.0 Maximum Height to Seating Plane (lead length) H 16.0 ±0.5 / 18.0 ±0.5 Sprocket Hole Diameter D0 ø 4.0 ±0.2 Carrier Tape Thickness t1 0.7 ±0.2 Total Thickness (Carrier Tape, Hold-Down Tape and Lead) t2 1.5 Maximum Cut Out Length L 11.0 Maximum © KEMET Electronics Corporation • P.O. Box 5928 • Greenville, SC 29606 (864) 963-6300 • www.kemet.com S6012_FM • 3/7/2014 10 Supercapacitors – FM Series Ammo Pack Taping Format (FMC0H334ZFTP) P2 Δh P b a c – W4 t3 W2 F + W W0 W1 L P1 + H – P0 D0 t2 t1 Ammo Pack Taping Specifications (FMC0H334ZFTP) Symbol Dimensions (mm) Component Height a 15.0 ±0.5 Component Width b 14.0 ±0.5 Component Thickness c 9.0 ±0.5 Lead-Wire Width W4 0.6 ±0.1 Lead-Wire Thickness t3 0.6 ±0.1 Component Pitch P 25.4 ±1.0 Sprocket Hole Pitch P0 12.7 ±0.3 Item Sprocket Hole Center to Lead Center P1 3.85 ±0.7 Sprocket Hole Center to Component Center P2 6.35 ±0.7 Lead Spacing F 5.0 ±0.5 Component Alignment (side/side) ∆h 2.0 Maximum Carrier Tape Width W 18.0 +1.0/-0.5 Hold-Down Tape Width W0 12.5 Minimum Sprocket Hole Position W1 9.0 ±0.5 Hold-Down Tape Position W2 3.0 Maximum Height to Seating Plane (lead length) H 16.0 ±0.5 / 18.0 ±0.5 Sprocket Hole Diameter D0 ø 4.0 ±0.2 Carrier Tape Thickness t1 0.67 ±0.2 Total Thickness (Carrier Tape, Hold-Down Tape and Lead) t2 1.7 Maximum Cut Out Length L 11.0 Maximum © KEMET Electronics Corporation • P.O. Box 5928 • Greenville, SC 29606 (864) 963-6300 • www.kemet.com S6012_FM • 3/7/2014 11 Supercapacitors – FM Series List of Plating & Sleeve Type By changing the solder plating from leaded solder to lead-free solder and the outer tube material of can-cased conventional supercapacitor from polyvinyl chloride to polyethylene terephthalate (PET), our supercapacitor is now even friendlier to the environment. a. Iron + copper base + lead-free solder plating (Sn-1Cu) b. SUS nickel base + copper base + reflow lead-free solder plating (100% Sn, reflow processed) Series Part Number Plating Sleeve FM All FM Series a No tube used Recommended Pb-free solder : Sn / 3.5Ag / 0.75Cu Sn / 3.0Ag / 0.5Cu Sn / 0.7Cu Sn / 2.5Ag / 1.0Bi / 0.5Cu © KEMET Electronics Corporation • P.O. Box 5928 • Greenville, SC 29606 (864) 963-6300 • www.kemet.com S6012_FM • 3/7/2014 12 Supercapacitors – FM Series Measurement Conditions Capacitance (Charge System) Capacitance is calculated from expression (9) by measuring the charge time constant (τ) of the capacitor (C). Prior to measurement, the capacitor is discharged by shorting both pins of the device for at least 30 minutes. In addition, use the polarity indicator on the device to determine correct orientation of capacitor for charging. Capacitance: C = τ Rc Eo: τ: Rc: (F) (9) Switch Eo Rc C + – Charge Resistor Selection Guide Vc 0.010 F 0.022 F 0.033 F 0.047 F 0.10 F FYD FY FYH FYL – – – – – 5000 Ω – 1000 Ω – 1000 Ω 2000 Ω 2000 Ω 2000 Ω 2000 Ω – – – – – – – 1000 Ω 1000 Ω 1000 Ω 2000 Ω 1000 Ω 2000 Ω 1000 Ω 510 Ω 510 Ω 510 Ω 1000 Ω 510 Ω – 1000 Ω 0.22 F 200 Ω 200 Ω 200 Ω 510 Ω 510 Ω – 0.33 F 0.47 F 1.0 F 1.4 F 1.5 F 2.2 F 2.7 F 3.3 F 4.7 F 5.0 F 5.6 F 10.0 F 22.0 F 50.0 F 100.0 F 200.0 F – – – – – 100 Ω 100 Ω 100 Ω 200 Ω 200 Ω 51 Ω 51 Ω 100 Ω 100 Ω 100 Ω – – – 200 Ω – – 51 Ω – – – – – – 100 Ω – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 100 Ω – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – Cap FA FE FS FR 3.0 (V) Product with maximum operating voltage of 3.5 V 5.0 (V) Product with maximum operating voltage of 5.5 V 6.0 (V) Product with maximum operating voltage of 6.5 V 10.0 (V) Product with maximum operating voltage of 11 V 12.0 (V) Product with maximum operating voltage of 12 V Time from start of charging until Vc becomes 0.632 Eo (V) (seconds) See table below (Ω). FM, FME FMR, FML FMC FG FGR 5000 Ω – 5000 Ω 2000 Ω – 2000 Ω Discharge – – 2000 Ω 1000 Ω 2000 Ω 1000 Ω 1000 Ω 1000 Ω 0H: Discharge 510 Ω – 1000 Ω 0V: 1000 Ω – – Discharge – 200 Ω – – 1000 Ω 100 Ω – – 510 Ω – – – – – – – 510 Ω – – – 200 Ω – – – – – – – – – – – 100 Ω – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – FGH FT FC, FCS HV – – – – – – – – Discharge 510 Ω – Discharge – – Discharge – – – – – Discharge 200 Ω Discharge – – – Discharge 100 Ω Discharge 100 Ω – – – – – 51 Ω – – – 51 Ω – – – – – 20 Ω – – – – – – – – – – – Discharge Discharge – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – Discharge – – – Discharge – Discharge – – Discharge Discharge Discharge Discharge Discharge *Capacitance values according to the constant current discharge method. *HV Series capacitance is measured by discharge system © KEMET Electronics Corporation • P.O. Box 5928 • Greenville, SC 29606 (864) 963-6300 • www.kemet.com S6012_FM • 3/7/2014 13 3.3F 4.7F 5.0F 5.6F – – – – – – – – – – 100 Ω – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – *Capacitance values according to the constant current discharge method. *HV series capacitance is measured by discharge system. Supercapacitors – FM Series Table 3 Capacitance measurement – 100 Ω – – 51 Ω – – 20 Ω – – – – – – – – Measurement Conditions cont’d Capacitance (Discharge System) In Capacitance the (Discharge diagram below, charging is performed for a duration of 30 minutes, once the voltage of the condensor terminal Capacitance System) (Discharge System:3.5V) reaches 5.5 V. As shown in the below, charging is performed for aforduration of 30 onceonce the voltage of the terminal reaches In diagram the diagram below, charging is performed a duration of minutes 30 minutes, the voltage of capacitor the capacitor terminal reaches 3.5V. Then, use a constant current load device and measure the time for the terminal voltage to drop from 3.0 to 2.5 V upon 5.5 V. Then, use a constant load deviceload and device measure themeasure time for the to drop voltage from 3.0 to to drop 2.5 V from upon 1.8 discharge Then, use a current constant current and theterminal time forvoltage the terminal to 1.5V upon discharge at 0.22 mA F, for example, calculate the static capacitance according to thebelow. equation shown below. at 0.22 mA perdischarge 0.22 F, forat example, calculate the and static capacitance according to the equation shown 1 for mA0.22 perand 1F, and calculate the static capacitance according to the equation shown below. Note: TheNote: currentThe valuecurrent is 1 mA value discharged F. is 1 per mA1discharged per 1F. I×(T2－T1)I×(T2－T1) C＝ (F) Capactance：C＝ V1－V2 V1－V2 (F) 3.5V 5.5V V (V) SW 0.22mA(I) A A C R C V R 3.5V 5.5V V1 V1 V2 Voltage SW V2 V1 : 1.8V V1 : 3.0V V2 : 1.5V V1 : 2.5V 30 min. T2 T1 Duration (sec.) T1 Time T2 (sec.) 30 minutes Capacitance (Discharge System:3.5V) Capacitance (Discharge Capacitance (Discharge System – 3.5 V) System:3.5V) Capacitance (Discharge System:3.5V) Capacitance (Discharge System:3.5V) 36 Super Capacitors (Discharge Vol.13 System:3.5V) Capacitance System:HVseries) In the diagram below, charging is performed for duration of 30 voltage of capacitor terminal In diagram the diagram below, charging is performed a duration of minutes 30 minutes, once theonce voltage of the capacitor terminal reaches reaches 3.5V. As shown in the below, charging is performed afor duration the voltage ofthe the capacitor terminal reaches In the diagram below, charging isfor performed forofa a30 duration of once 30 minutes, minutes, once the voltage of the the capacitor terminal reaches In the below, charging is performed for a of 30 minutes, once the voltage of capacitor terminal reaches 3.5V. the diagram diagram below, charging iscurrent for a duration duration of 30 minutes, once the the voltage of the the capacitor terminal reaches 3.5V. In diagram below, charging isperformed performed for ameasure duration of 30 minutes, once the voltage ofvoltage the capacitor terminal reaches Then, use a constant load device and measure the time for terminal to drop from 1.8 to 1.5V Then, use a constant current load device and the time for the terminal voltage to drop from 1.8 to 1.5V upon 3.5 V. Then, use a constant current devicecurrent and device measure themeasure time formeasure the terminal voltage to the dropterminal from 1.8voltage to 1.5 V to upon discharge Then, use a load constant load and device and the time for drop from 1.8 to 1.5V Then, use a constant current load the time for the terminal voltage to drop from 1.8 to 1.5V upon Then, use a constant current load device and measure the time for the terminal voltage to drop from 1.8 to 1.5V upon Max. operating voltage. discharge at 1 mA per 1F, and calculate the static capacitance according to the equation shown below. discharge at 1 mA per 1F, and calculate the static capacitance according to the equation shown below. at 1.0 mA per 1.0 F, for example, and calculate the static capacitance according to the equation shown below. discharge at 1 mA per 1F, and calculate the static capacitance according to the equation shown below. discharge at 1 mA per 1F, and calculate the static capacitance according to the equation shown below. discharge atconstant 1 mA percurrent 1F, and calculate capacitance according to the equation shown below. Then, use a load device the andstatic measure the time for the terminal voltage to drop from 2.0 to 1.5V upon discharge (V) (V) (V) below. (V) shown at 1 mA per 1F, and calculate the static capacitance according to the equation (V) SW I×(T I×(T2－T 1) 2－T －T11)) I×(T 2－T 1) 2(F) C＝ C＝ I×(T I×(T 2－T1) C＝ C＝ (F) －V V 1 2 －V V 1 2 V －V C＝ V 2 ) 1 (F)2 I×(T 2－T －V V11－V 21 C＝ (F) V1－V2 SW SW SW (F) (F)3.5V 3.5V 3.5V 3.5V V 3.5V V V 3.5V V SW CV CV C SW A A A A A A C R C R R C 3.5V 3.5V (V) 3.5V V1 V1 V21 3.5V V R V2 R V V12 3.5V 3.5V V1 V1 V2 V2 V2 R V2 : 1.5V T2 T1 T2 T1 T2 T1 minutes 30 minutes 30 30 minutes 30 minutes 30 minutes T2 T1 Capacitance (Discharge System:HVseries) Capacitance (Discharge System:HVseries) Capacitance (Discharge System:HVseries) V1 : 1.8V V1 : 1.8V V2 : 1.5V V2 : 1.5V V1 : 1.8V V1 : 1.8V V1 : 1.8V V2 : 1.5V V2 : 1.5V 1.5V V12 : 2.0V Time (sec.) 1 T2 TTime (sec.) Time (sec.) 1 T2 TTime (sec.) Time (sec.) Time (sec.) Capacitance (Discharge System:HVseries) Capacitance (Discharge System:HVseries) Capacitance (Discharge System – HV Series) In the diagram below, charging is for of the voltage of In the diagram below, charging is performed for a duration of 30 minutes, once theonce voltage the capacitor terminalterminal reachesre In the diagram below, charging is performed performed for a a duration duration of 30 30 minutes, minutes, once the of voltage of the the capacitor capacitor terminal re In the diagram below, charging is for of once the of terminal series resistance (ESR) As shownEquivalent in the diagram below, charging is performed for a duration of 30 minutes once the voltage of the capacitor terminal reaches In theoperating diagram below, charging is performed performed for a a duration duration of 30 30 minutes, minutes, once the voltage voltage of the the capacitor capacitor terminal reaches reaches Max. operating voltage. Max. voltage. Max. operating voltage. Max. operating voltage. maximum operating voltage. Then, use a constant current load device andtime measure thefor time for the terminal tofrom drop fromto2.0 to upon disc Max. operating voltage. ESR beconstant calculated from the equation below. Then, use current load device and the time voltage to 2.0 Then,shall use a current load device measure the for the voltage to dropvoltage from 2.0 to 1.5V discharge Then, use a a constant constant current loadand device and measure measure the timeterminal for the the terminal terminal voltage to drop drop from 2.0 upon to 1.5V 1.5V upon disc Then, use a constant current load device and measure the time for the terminal voltage to drop from 2.0 to 1.5V upon discharge Then, use a constant current load device and measure the time for the terminal voltage to drop from 2.0 to 1.5V upon discharge 1.5 V upon discharge at 1.0 mA per 1.0 F, and calculate the static capacitance according to the equation shown below. at 11F, mAand per calculate 1F, and calculate static capacitance according to the equation shown below. at 1 mA per the staticthe capacitance according to the equation shown below. 30 minutes at 1 mAand per 1F, and calculate the static capacitance according to the equationbelow. shown below. at according at 1 1 mA mA per per 1F, 1F, and calculate calculate the the static static capacitance capacitance according to to the the equation equation shown shown below. 10mA (V) (V) VC (V) (V) ESR＝ (Ω) (V) SWVC f:1kHz C SW 3.5V SW 3.5V V1 : 2.0V 0.01 SW 3.5V A A 3.5V SW I×(T I×(T2－T 1) 2－T －T11)) (F) I×(T 2－T 1) 2(F) C＝ C＝ I×(T I×(T 2－T1) C＝ (F)3.5V C＝ (F) 1－V V1－V2 V 3.5V C＝ (F)22 3.5V V 1－V2 V1－V V 1－V2 Current (at 30 minutes after A A A 3.5V V 3.5V V V CV CV C charging) C R C R R 3.5V V1 V1 V21 V R V2 R V2 V1 V1 V2 V2 V1 : 2.0V V1 : 2.0V V2 : 1.5V V2 : 1.5V V2 : 1.5V T1 V1 : 2.0V V1 : 2.0V V2 : 1.5V V2 : 1.5V T2 Time (sec.) (sec.) T2 TTime T1 Time (sec.) 1 T2 Current shall be calculated from the equation below. Time (sec.) T2 T1 Time (sec.) T2 T1 minutes 30 minutes 30 30 minutes 30 minutes Prior to measurement, both lead terminals must be short-circuited for a minimum of 30 minutes. 30 minutes Equivalent series resistance (ESR) The lead terminal connected to the metal can case is connected to the negative side of the power supply. Equivalent series resistance (ESR) Equivalent series resistance (ESR) Equivalent Series Resistance (ESR) Equivalent Equivalent series series resistance resistance (ESR) (ESR) ESR be the ESR shall be shall calculated from thefrom equation below. below. ESR shall be calculated from the equation below. ESR be calculated calculated the equation equation ESR shall be shall calculated from thefrom equation below. below. ESR 2.5Vdc shall be(HVseries calculated50F) from the equation below. Eo： VR 2.7Vdc (HVseries except 50F) SW 10mA 10mA 10mA 10mA C VC(3.5V V 3.0Vdc type) V 10mA C V C (Ω) f:1kHz f:1kHz C C ESR＝ ESR＝ VC VC (Ω) V ESR＝ f:1kHz C C VC RCCC ESR＝ (Ω) 0.01 V 0.01(5.5V 5.0Vdc type)(Ω) f:1kHz ESR＝ (Ω) 0.01 f:1kHz C V C 0.01 ＋ E O 0.01 Rc：1000Ω (0.010F, 0.022F, 0.047F) C － 100Ω (0.10F, 0.22F, 0.47F) 10Ω (1.0F, 1.5F, 2.2F, 4.7F) Current (at 30 after Current (at 30 minutes after charging) Current (at 30 minutes minutes after charging) charging) Current (at 30 minutes after charging) 2.2Ω (HVseries) Current (at 30 minutes after charging) shall be calculated from the Current Current shall be calculated from the equation below. below. Current be calculated from the equation equation below. Current shall be calculated from the equation below. R shall Current shallVto be calculated from the equation below. Prior measurement, both lead terminals be for of Prior to measurement, both lead terminals must bemust short-circuited for a minimum of 30 minutes. Current＝ (A) Prior to measurement, both lead terminals must be short-circuited short-circuited for a a minimum minimum of 30 30 minutes. minutes. Prior to measurement, both lead terminals must be short-circuited for a minimum of minutes. R•CP.O. Box 5928 © KEMET Electronics Corporation • lead Greenville, SC 29606 (864) 963-6300 • www.kemet.com S6012_FM • 3/7/2014 Prior to measurement, both terminals must be short-circuited for a negative minimum of 30 30 minutes. The lead terminal connected to the metal can case is connected to the negative side of the power The lead terminal connected to the metal can case is connected to the side of the power The lead terminal connected to the metal can case is connected to the negative side of thesupply. power supply. supply. The lead terminal connected to the metal can case is connected to the negative side of the power The lead terminal connected to the metal can case is connected to the negative side of the power supply. supply. Self-discharge characteristic (0H: 5.5V products) Eo：(HVseries 2.5Vdc (HVseries Eo：2.5Vdc 50F) 50F) Eo：(HVseries 2.5Vdc (HVseries Eo：2.5Vdc 50F) 50F) 14 ESR shall be calculated from the equation below. Supercapacitors – FM Series ESR＝ Current (at 30 minutes after charging) 10mA VC Current shall be calculated C from the equation below. (Ω) f:1kHz VC 0.01 Prior to measurement, both lead terminals must be short-circuited for a minimum of 30 minute The lead terminal connected to the metal can case is connected to the negative side of the po Measurement Conditions cont’d 2.5Vdc (HVseries 50F) Current (at 30Eo： minutes after charging) VR 2.7Vdc (HVseries except 50F) SW Current shall be calculated from the equation below. Current (at 30 minutes after charging) 3.0Vdc (3.5V type) Prior to measurement, both lead terminals must be short-circuited for a minimum offor 30aminutes. Current shall be calculated from the equation below. Prior to measurement, minimum R 5.0Vdc (5.5V type) both lead terminals must be short-circuited The lead terminal connected to the metal can case is connected to the negative side of the power ＋ supply. E of 30 minutes. The lead terminal connected to theRc： metal can case is connected to the negative side of the power supply. 1000Ω (0.010F, 0.022F, 0.047F) C C O － 100Ω (0.10F, 0.22F, 0.47F) 50F) 2.5 VDC (HV Series 50 F) Eo：2.5Vdc (HVseries 10Ω (1.0F, 1.5F, 2.2F, 4.7F) VR SW 2.7 VDC (HV Series except 50 F) 2.7Vdc (HVseries except 50F) 2.2Ω (HVseries) 3.0 VDC (3.5 V type) 3.0Vdc (3.5V type) VR 5.0 VDC (5.5 V type) RC 5.0Vdc (5.5V type) Current＝ (A) ＋ EO 1000 Ω (0.010 F, 0.022 F, 0.047 F) R C Rc：1000Ω (0.010F, 0.022F, 0.047F) C 100 Ω (0.10 F, 0.22 F, 0.47 F) － 100Ω (0.10F, 0.22F, 0.47F) 10 Ω (1.0 F, 1.5 F, 2.2 F, 4.7 F) Self-discharge 10Ω (1.0F, 1.5F, 2.2F, 4.7F)characteristic (0H: 5.5V products) 2.2 Ω (HV Series) 2.2Ω (HVseries) The self-discharge characteristic is measured by charging a voltage of 5.0 Vdc (charge protec V Rto the capacitor polarity for 24 hours, then releasing between the pins for 24 hours and measu Self-Discharge Characteristic (0H – 5.5 V Products) Current＝ (A) test should be carried out in an environment with an ambient temperature of 25℃ or belo RCThe The self-discharge characteristic is measured by charging a voltage of 5.0 VDC (charge protection resistance: 0 Ω) according to the RH or below. Eo: Rc: capacitor polarity for 24 hours, then releasing between the pins for 24 hours and measuring the pin-to-pin voltage. The test should be characteristic (0H:and 5.5V products) carried out in an environmentSelf-discharge with an ambient temperature of 25° C or below relative humidity of 70% RH or below. Su the soldering is checked. The self-discharge characteristic is measured by charging a voltage of 5.0 Vdc (charge protection resistance to the capacitor polarity for 24 hours, then releasing between the pins for 24 hours and measuring the pin-toThe test should be carried out in an environment with an ambient temperature of 25℃ or below and relative RH or below. 4. Dismantling There is a small amount of electrolyte stored within the capacitor. Do not attempt to dismantle as direct skin contact with the electrolyte will cause burning. This product should be treated as industrial waste and not is not to be disposed of by fire. Super Capacito © KEMET Electronics Corporation • P.O. Box 5928 • Greenville, SC 29606 (864) 963-6300 • www.kemet.com S6012_FM • 3/7/2014 15 Supercapacitors – FM Series Notes on Using Supercapacitors or Electric Double-Layer Capacitors (EDLCs) 1. Circuitry Design 1.1 Useful life The FC Series Supercapacitor (EDLC) uses an electrolyte in a sealed container. Water in the electrolyte can evaporate while in use over long periods of time at high temperatures, thus reducing electrostatic capacity which in turn will create greater internal resistance. The characteristics of the supercapacitor can vary greatly depending on the environment in which it is used. Basic breakdown mode is an open mode due to increased internal resistance. 1.2 Fail rate in the field Based on field data, the fail rate is calculated at approximately 0.006 Fit. We estimate that unreported failures are ten times this amount. Therefore, we assume that the fail rate is below 0.06 Fit. 1.3 Exceeding maximum usable voltage Performance may be compromised and in some cases leakage or damage may occur if applied voltage exceeds maximum working voltage. 1.4 Use of capacitor as a smoothing capacitor (ripple absorption) As supercapacitors contain a high level of internal resistance, they are not recommended for use as smoothing capacitors in electrical circuits. Performance may be compromised and, in some cases, leakage or damage may occur if a supercapacitor is used in ripple absorption. 1.5 Series connections As applied voltage balance to each supercapacitor is lost when used in series connection, excess voltage may be applied to some supercapacitors, which will not only negatively affect its performance but may also cause leakage and/or damage. Allow ample margin for maximum voltage or attach a circuit for applying equal voltage to each supercapacitor (partial pressure resistor/voltage divider) when using supercapacitors in series connection. Also, arrange supercapacitors so that the temperature between each capacitor will not vary. 1.6 Case Polarity The supercapacitor is manufactured so that the terminal on the outer case is negative (-). Align the (-) symbol during use. Even though discharging has been carried out prior to shipping, any residual electrical charge may negatively affect other parts. 1.7 Use next to heat emitters Useful life of the supercapacitor will be significantly affected if used near heat emitting items (coils, power transistors and posistors, etc.) where the supercapacitor itself may become heated. 1.8 Usage environment This device cannot be used in any acidic, alkaline or similar type of environment. © KEMET Electronics Corporation • P.O. Box 5928 • Greenville, SC 29606 (864) 963-6300 • www.kemet.com S6012_FM • 3/7/2014 16 Supercapacitors – FM Series Notes on Using Supercapacitors or Electric Double-Layer Capacitors (EDLCs) cont’d 2. Mounting 2.1 Mounting onto a reflow furnace Except for the FC series, it is not possible to mount this capacitor onto an IR / VPS reflow furnace. Do not immerse the capacitor into a soldering dip tank. 2.2 Flow soldering conditions See Recommended Reflow Curves in Section – Precautions for Use 2.3 Installation using a soldering iron Care must be taken to prevent the soldering iron from touching other parts when soldering. Keep the tip of the soldering iron under 400ºC and soldering time to within 3 seconds. Always make sure that the temperature of the tip is controlled. Internal capacitor resistance is likely to increase if the terminals are overheated. 2.4 Lead terminal processing Do not attempt to bend or polish the capacitor terminals with sand paper, etc. Soldering may not be possible if the metallic plating is removed from the top of the terminals. 2.5 Cleaning, Coating, and Potting Except for the FM series, cleaning, coating and potting must not be carried out. Consult KEMET if this type of procedure is necessary. Terminals should be dried at less than the maximum operating temperature after cleaning. 3. Storage 3.1 Temperature and humidity Make sure that the supercapacitor is stored according to the following conditions: Temperature: 5 – 35ºC (Standard 25ºC), Humidity: 20 – 70% (Standard: 50%). Do not allow the build up of condensation through sudden temperature change. 3.2 Environment conditions Make sure there are no corrosive gasses such as sulfur dioxide, as penetration of the lead terminals is possible. Always store this item in an area with low dust and dirt levels. Make sure that the packaging will not be deformed through heavy loading, movement and/or knocks. Keep out of direct sunlight and away from radiation, static electricity and magnetic fields. 3.3 Maximum storage period This item may be stored up to one year from the date of delivery if stored at the conditions stated above. © KEMET Electronics Corporation • P.O. Box 5928 • Greenville, SC 29606 (864) 963-6300 • www.kemet.com S6012_FM • 3/7/2014 17 Supercapacitors – FM Series KEMET Corporation World Headquarters Europe Asia Southern Europe Paris, France Tel: 33-1-4646-1006 Northeast Asia Hong Kong Tel: 852-2305-1168 Mailing Address: P.O. Box 5928 Greenville, SC 29606 Sasso Marconi, Italy Tel: 39-051-939111 Shenzhen, China Tel: 86-755-2518-1306 www.kemet.com Tel: 864-963-6300 Fax: 864-963-6521 Central Europe Landsberg, Germany Tel: 49-8191-3350800 Corporate Offices Fort Lauderdale, FL Tel: 954-766-2800 Kamen, Germany Tel: 49-2307-438110 North America Northern Europe Bishop’s Stortford, United Kingdom Tel: 44-1279-460122 2835 KEMET Way Simpsonville, SC 29681 Southeast Lake Mary, FL Tel: 407-855-8886 Espoo, Finland Tel: 358-9-5406-5000 Northeast Wilmington, MA Tel: 978-658-1663 Beijing, China Tel: 86-10-5829-1711 Shanghai, China Tel: 86-21-6447-0707 Taipei, Taiwan Tel: 886-2-27528585 Southeast Asia Singapore Tel: 65-6586-1900 Penang, Malaysia Tel: 60-4-6430200 Bangalore, India Tel: 91-806-53-76817 Central Novi, MI Tel: 248-306-9353 West Milpitas, CA Tel: 408-433-9950 Mexico Guadalajara, Jalisco Tel: 52-33-3123-2141 Note: KEMET reserves the right to modify minor details of internal and external construction at any time in the interest of product improvement. KEMET does not assume any responsibility for infringement that might result from the use of KEMET Capacitors in potential circuit designs. KEMET is a registered trademark of KEMET Electronics Corporation. © KEMET Electronics Corporation • P.O. Box 5928 • Greenville, SC 29606 (864) 963-6300 • www.kemet.com S6012_FM • 3/7/2014 18 Supercapacitors – FM Series Disclaimer This product has been made available through a Private Label Agreement and a Development and Cross-Licensing Agreement between KEMET and NEC TOKIN to expand market and product offerings for both companies and their respective customers. For more information, please visit http://www.kemet.com/nectokin. All product specifications, statements, information and data (collectively, the “Information”) in this datasheet are subject to change. The customer is responsible for checking and verifying the extent to which the Information contained in this publication is applicable to an order at the time the order is placed. All Information given herein is believed to be accurate and reliable, but it is presented without guarantee, warranty, or responsibility of any kind, expressed or implied. Statements of suitability for certain applications are based on KEMET Electronics Corporation’s (“KEMET”) knowledge of typical operating conditions for such applications, but are not intended to constitute – and KEMET specifically disclaims – any warranty concerning suitability for a specific customer application or use. The Information is intended for use only by customers who have the requisite experience and capability to determine the correct products for their application. Any technical advice inferred from this Information or otherwise provided by KEMET with reference to the use of KEMET’s products is given gratis, and KEMET assumes no obligation or liability for the advice given or results obtained. Although KEMET designs and manufactures its products to the most stringent quality and safety standards, given the current state of the art, isolated component failures may still occur. Accordingly, customer applications which require a high degree of reliability or safety should employ suitable designs or other safeguards (such as installation of protective circuitry or redundancies) in order to ensure that the failure of an electrical component does not result in a risk of personal injury or property damage. Although all product–related warnings, cautions and notes must be observed, the customer should not assume that all safety measures are indicted or that other measures may not be required. © KEMET Electronics Corporation • P.O. Box 5928 • Greenville, SC 29606 (864) 963-6300 • www.kemet.com S6012_FM • 3/7/2014 19