MIC2039 High-Accuracy, High-Side, Adjustable Current Limit Power Switch General Description Features The MIC2039 is a high-side MOSFET power distribution switch providing increased system reliability by using 5% current-limit accuracy. • • • • • • The MIC2039 has an operating input voltage range from 2.5V to 5.5V, is internally current limited, and has thermal shutdown to protect the device and system. The MIC2039 is offered with either active-high or active-low logic level enable input controls. It has an open drain fault status output flag with a built-in 32ms delay that asserts low during overcurrent or thermal-shutdown conditions. The MIC2039 switches feature an adjustable output current limit that is resistor programmable from 0.2A to 2.5A. The MIC2039 switch also offers a unique, Kickstart feature that allows momentary high-current surges up to the secondary current limit (ILIMIT_2nd) during startup or while operating in steady state. This is useful for charging loads with high inrush currents, such as capacitors. After an overcurrent condition is established, these switches enter into a constant current-limit mode unless the die temperature exceeds the thermal-shutdown specification. The MIC2039 is available in 6-pin SOT-23 and 6-pin 2mm × 2mm thin DFN packages. The MIC2039 has an operating junction temperature range of −40°C to +125°C. Datasheets and support documentation are available on Micrel’s web site at: www.micrel.com. • • • • • • • • • ±5% current limit accuracy Input supply range from 2.5V to 5.5V Low quiescent current: 100µA typical (switch ON) 75mΩ typical RDS(ON) at 5.0V 0.2A to 2.5A adjustable output current Kickstart − momentary secondary current-limit threshold (120ms period) Soft-start functionality Undervoltage lockout (UVLO) Fast 10µs short-circuit response time (non-Kickstart options) Fault status output flag Logic-controlled enable (active-high, active-low) Thermal shutdown Pin compatible with the MIC2009/MIC2019 6-pin 2mm × 2mm thin DFN and 6-pin SOT-23 packages Junction temperature range from −40°C to +125°C Applications • • • • USB peripherals and USB 2.0/3.0 compatible DTV/STB Notebooks and consumer electronics General-purpose power distribution Typical Application Micrel Inc. • 2180 Fortune Drive • San Jose, CA 95131 • USA • tel +1 (408) 944-0800 • fax + 1 (408) 474-1000 • http://www.micrel.com December 8, 2014 Revision 1.3 Micrel, Inc. MIC2039 Ordering Information Part Number Top Mark(1) Current Limit Enable Kickstart MIC2039AYM6 39AA Adjustable Active High No SOT-23-6L MIC2039BYM6 39BB Adjustable Active Low No SOT-23-6L MIC2039AYMT 3A9 Adjustable Active High No 6-pin 2mm x 2mm Thin DFN(2) MIC2039BYMT B39 Adjustable Active Low No 6-pin 2mm x 2mm Thin DFN(2) MIC2039EYM6 39AE Adjustable Active High Yes SOT-23-6L MIC2039FYM6 39AF Adjustable Active Low Yes SOT-23-6L MIC2039EYMT D39 Adjustable Active High Yes 6-pin 2mm x 2mm Thin DFN(2) MIC2039FYMT F39 Adjustable Active Low Yes 6-pin 2mm x 2mm Thin DFN(2) Package Note: 1. Under-bar symbol ( _ ) may not be to scale. 2. Thin DFN is a GREEN RoHS-compliant package. Lead finish is NiPdAu. Mold compound is Halogen Free. Pin Configuration 2mm x 2mm 6-pin Thin DFN (MT)(3) (Top View) SOT-23 6-pin (M6) Top View Notes: 3. Thin DFN ▲ = Pin 1 identifier. December 8, 2014 2 Revision 1.3 Micrel, Inc. MIC2039 Pin Description Pin Number SOT-23-6L 6-Pin 2mm x 2mm Thin DFN Pin Name 1 6 VIN Input: Power switch and logic supply input. 2 5 GND Ground: Input and output return pin. 3 4 EN 4 3 FAULT/ 5 2 ILIMIT Current Limit Set: Current limit adjust setting. Connect a resistor from this pin to GND to set the current limit, but do not leave the ILIMIT pin floating. 6 1 VOUT Switch Output: Power switch output. — EP ePad Exposed Pad: Exposed pad on bottom of package. Connect to electrical ground for optimum thermal dissipation. December 8, 2014 Pin Function Enable (Input): Logic compatible, enable control input that allows switch turnon/off. Do not leave the EN pin floating. Fault Status Flag (Output): Active-low, open-drain output. A logic low state indicates an overcurrent or thermal shutdown condition. An overcurrent condition must last longer than tFAULT/ to assert FAULT/. A pull-up resistor (10kΩ recommended) to an external supply is required. 3 Revision 1.3 Micrel, Inc. MIC2039 Absolute Maximum Ratings(4) Operating Ratings(5) VIN to GND....................................................... −0.3V to +6V VOUT to GND .................................................... −0.3V to +6V VILIMIT to GND .................................................. −0.3V to +6V VEN to GND ...................................................... −0.3V to +6V VFAULT/ to GND ................................................. −0.3V to +6V FAULT/ Current (IFAULT/) .............................................. 25mA Maximum Power Dissipation (PD) ............. Internally Limited Lead Temperature (soldering, 10s) ............................ 260°C Storage Temperature (TS) ......................... −65°C to +150°C ESD Rating(6) HBM ......................................................................... 3kV MM ......................................................................... 300V Supply Voltage (VIN) ..................................... +2.5V to +5.5V VEN, VFAULT/ ................................................... −0.3V to +5.5V VILIMIT, VOUT ........................................................ −0.3V to VIN Junction Temperature (TJ) ........................ –40°C to +125°C Package Thermal Resistance SOT-23-6 (θJA) .............................................. 177.2°C/W 6-pin 2mm × 2mm Thin DFN (θJA) ..................... 90°C/W Electrical Characteristics(7) VIN = VEN = 5V; CIN = 1µF; TJ = 25°C. Bold values indicate –40°C≤ TA ≤ +85°C, unless noted. Symbol Parameter Condition Min. Typ. Max. Units 5.5 V Power Supply Input VIN Input Voltage Range VUVLO Input Supply Undervoltage Lockout Threshold VUVLOHYS Input Supply Undervoltage Lockout Threshold Hysteresis 2.5 VIN rising 2.0 2.25 2.5 V VIN falling 1.9 2.15 2.4 V VIN rising or VIN falling Switch OFF (IOUT = 0A) IDD Supply Current Switch ON (IOUT = 0A) Active-high Enable (A): VEN = 0V, VIN = 5V 100 0.75 mV 5 Active-low Enable (B): VEN = VIN = 5V Active-high Enable (A): VEN = 1.5V, VIN = 5V µA 100 300 VIN = 2.5V, IOUT = 350mA 100 177 VIN = 3.3V, IOUT = 350mA 85 145 VIN = 5V, IOUT = 350mA 75 125 0.22 15 Active-low Enable (B): VEN = 0V, VIN = 5V Power MOSFET RDS(ON) ILKG Switch On Resistance Output Leakage Current Switch Off, VOUT = 0V mΩ µA Notes: 4. Exceeding the absolute maximum ratings may damage the device. 5. The device is not guaranteed to function outside its operating ratings. 6. Devices are ESD sensitive. Handling precautions are recommended. Human body model, 1.5kΩ in series with 100pF. 7. Specification for packaged product only December 8, 2014 4 Revision 1.3 Micrel, Inc. MIC2039 Electrical Characteristics(7) (Continued) VIN = VEN = 5V; CIN = 1µF; COUT = 1µF TJ = 25°C. Bold values indicate –40°C ≤ TJ ≤ +125°C, unless noted otherwise. Symbol Parameter Condition Min. Typ. Max. RLIMIT = 115Ω, VIN = 5V, VOUT = 0.8V × VIN 2.35 2.5 2.65 RLIMIT = 115Ω, VIN = 2.5V, VOUT = 0V 2.6 2.85 3.1 RLIMIT = 145Ω, VIN = 5V, VOUT = 0.8V × VIN 1.90 2.0 2.10 RLIMIT = 287Ω, VIN = 5V, VOUT = 0.8V × VIN 0.95 1.0 1.05 RLIMIT = 576Ω, VIN = 5V, VOUT = 0.8V × VIN 0.475 0.50 0.525 RLIMIT = 1.45kΩ, VIN = 5V, VOUT = 0.8V × VIN 0.19 0.20 0.21 VOUT = 0V 2.2 3.2 6 Units Current Limit ILIMIT ILIMIT_2nd Current Limit (Resistor values are standard 0.1% values) Secondary Current Limit (Kickstart parts only) A A I/O 0.5 Logic Low VEN Enable Voltage IEN Enable Input Current 0V ≤ VEN ≤ 5V RFAULT/ FAULT/ Output Resistance IOUT = 10mA 25 Ω IFAULT/_OFF FAULT/ Off Current VFAULT/ = VIN 10 µA 1.5 Logic High 1 V µA Thermal Protection TSD Thermal-Shutdown Threshold TSDHYS Thermal-Shutdown Hysteresis TJ rising 157 °C 15 °C RLOAD = 10Ω; COUT = 1µF 700 µs Timing Specifications (AC Parameters) tRISE tFALL tON_DLY Output Turn-on Rise Time(8) (8) Output Turn-off Fall Time VEN = OFF; RLOAD = 10Ω; COUT = 1µF 32 µs (8) RLOAD = 10Ω; COUT = 1µF 700 µs (8) Output Turn-on Delay tOFF_DLY Output Turn-off Delay RLOAD = 10Ω; COUT = 1µF 5 µs tSC_RESP Short Circuit Response (8) Time VOUT = 0V (short circuit) 10 µs tFAULT/ Overcurrent Fault Response (8) Delay Time Non-Kickstart parts 16 32 49 ms tKICKSTART Overcurrent Fault Response (8) Delay During Kickstart Kickstart parts only 64 120 200 ms Note: 8. See “Timing Diagrams” (Figures 1 through 4). December 8, 2014 5 Revision 1.3 Micrel, Inc. MIC2039 Timing Diagrams Figure 1. Output Rise/Fall Time Figure 2. Turn-On/Off Delay December 8, 2014 6 Revision 1.3 Micrel, Inc. MIC2039 Timing Diagrams (Continued) Figure 3. Short Circuit Response Time and Overcurrent Fault Flag Delay (Non-Kickstart) Figure 4. Overcurrent Fault Flag Delay (Kickstart) December 8, 2014 7 Revision 1.3 Micrel, Inc. MIC2039 Typical Characteristics Input Supply Current vs. Temperature VIN OFF Current vs. Temperature 125 100 75 50 25 1.25 UVLO THRESHOLD (V) IOUT = 0mA 150 VIN = 5V VEN = OFF IOUT = 0mA 1.00 0.75 0.50 0.00 0 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 -50 75 100 RDS(ON) vs. Output Current 100 VIN = 3.3V RDS(ON) (mΩ) 75 50 25 50 75 100 0.5 TEMPERATURE (°C) FAULT/ Response Time vs. Temperature 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 0.0 FAULT/ RESPONSE TIME (ms) VIN = 5V ILIMIT = 1A NON-KICKSTART 40 30 20 10 0 25 50 75 TEMPERATURE (°C) December 8, 2014 100 125 1.0 1.5 2.0 OUTPUT CURRENT (A) FAULT/ Response Time vs. Temperature FAULT/ Response Time vs. Output Current 2.5 250 VIN = 5V ILIMIT = 1A KICKSTART 200 150 100 50 0 0 0.5 OUTPUT CURRENT (A) 250 50 50 0 0.0 125 75 25 0 0 TA = 25°C 100 TA = 25°C 25 0 125 125 VIN = 5V 5V 25 -25 50 RDS(ON) vs. Output Current 50 -50 25 RDS(ON) vs. Temperature 75 -25 0 TEMPERATURE (°C) IOUT = 350mA -50 -25 TEMPERATURE (°C) RDS(ON) (mΩ) = 1.75 TEMPERATURE (°C) 125 VIN VIN Falling 2.00 1.50 -50 125 125 100 VIN Rising 2.25 0.25 FAULT/ RESPONSE TIME (ms) SUPPLY CURRENT (µA) SUPPLY OFF CURRENT (µA) VIN = 5V 175 RDS(ON)(mΩ) 2.50 1.50 200 FAULT/ RESPONSE TIME (ms) Undervoltage Lockout vs. Temperature -50 -25 0 25 50 75 TEMPERATURE (°C) 8 100 125 VIN = 5V TA = 25°C KICKSTART 200 150 100 50 0 0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 OUTPUT CURRENT (A) Revision 1.3 Micrel, Inc. MIC2039 Typical Characteristics (Continued) VIN - VOUT vs. Output Current Output Leakage Current vs. Temperature 1500 250 VIN = 5V VIN = 5V VIN = 5V TA = 25°C VEN = OFF 1250 200 IOUT = 0mA 3 2 RSET (Ω) 4 VIN - VOUT (mV) OUTPUT LEAKAGE (µA) 5 Current Limit Set Resistor vs. Output Current 1000 150 500 250 0 0 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 TEMPERATURE (°C) December 8, 2014 100 125 750 100 50 1 TA = 25°C 0 0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 OUTPUT CURRENT (A) 9 2.5 0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 OUTPUT CURRENT (A) Revision 1.3 Micrel, Inc. MIC2039 Functional Characteristics December 8, 2014 10 Revision 1.3 Micrel, Inc. MIC2039 Functional Characteristics (Continued) December 8, 2014 11 Revision 1.3 Micrel, Inc. MIC2039 Functional Characteristics (Continued) December 8, 2014 12 Revision 1.3 Micrel, Inc. MIC2039 Functional Diagram Figure 5. MIC2039 Block Diagram December 8, 2014 13 Revision 1.3 Micrel, Inc. MIC2039 Functional Description Output Capacitor The output capacitor type and placement criteria are the same as for the input capacitor. See the “Input Capacitor” section for a detailed description. The MIC2039 is a high-side MOSFET power-distribution switch that provides increased system reliability by using 5% current limit accuracy. The MIC2039 is internally current limited and has thermal shutdown, which protects the device and system. Enable The MIC2039 offers either an active-high or active-low enable input (EN) that allows ON/OFF control of the switch output. The current through the device reduces to near “zero” when the device is shut down, with only microamperes of leakage current. The EN input can be directly tied to VIN or driven by a voltage that is equal to or less than VIN; do not leave this pin floating. The MIC2039 has a soft-start circuit that minimizes inrush current by slowing the turn-on time. Additionally, the MIC2039 has an optional Kickstart feature, which momentarily overrides the normal current-limiting function to allow higher inrush and/or transient currents. Soft-Start Soft-start reduces the power-supply input surge current at startup by controlling the output voltage rise time. The input surge appears while the output capacitor is charged up. A slower output rise time draws a lower input surge current. Adjustable Current Limit The MIC2039 current limit is adjustable from 0.2A to 2.5A by connecting a resistor from the ILIMIT pin to GND. The following equation determines the resistor: KICKSTART Inrush Overcurrent Filter The MIC2039EYxx and MIC2039FYxx are equipped with a secondary current limit that allows high inrush current transients to pass for a set period before the primary current-limit circuitry becomes active. The FAULT/ status flag does not assert during the Kickstart period (typically 120ms), which eliminates any false (FAULT/) assertions. The Kickstart function is active during initial startup or while operating in steady state. R ≅ 289 /I LIMIT Eq. 1 where ILIMIT is the typical current limit from the electrical table. If the output current exceeds the set current limit, the MIC2039 switch enters constant current limit mode. The maximum allowable current limit can be less than the full specified and/or expected current if the MIC2039 is not mounted on a circuit board with sufficiently low thermal resistance. Table 1 shows resistor values (1%) for select current limit settings. Input Capacitor Micrel recommends a 1µF to 10µF ceramic input capacitor for most applications. Place the input capacitor on the same side of the board and next to the MIC2039 to minimize the voltage ringing during transient and short-circuit conditions. Using two vias for each end of the capacitor to connect to the power and ground plane is also recommended. Micrel recommends X7R or X5R dielectric ceramic capacitors because of their temperature performance. X7R-type capacitors change capacitance by 15% over their operating temperature range and are the most stable type of ceramic capacitors. Z5U and Y5V dielectric capacitors change value by as much as 50% and 60%, respectively, over their operating temperature ranges. To use a ceramic chip capacitor with Y5V dielectric, the value must be much higher than an X7R ceramic or a tantalum capacitor to ensure the same capacitance value over the operating temperature range. December 8, 2014 LIMIT Table 1. Resistor Selection for Adjustable Current Limit 14 ILIMIT 0.2A 0.5A 1.0A 2A 2.5A RLIMIT 1.45kΩ 576Ω 287Ω 145Ω 115Ω Revision 1.3 Micrel, Inc. MIC2039 When the MIC2039 is in constant current limit mode, it may exceed the overtemperature threshold. If this occurs, the overtemperature condition will shut down the MIC2039 switch and the fault status flag will go active (assert low). After the switch cools down, it automatically turns on again. The user can maximize the MIC2039 power dissipation by either lowering the thermal resistance on the exposed pad (only the DFN package has an exposed pad) on the printed circuit board, or by limiting the maximum allowable ambient temperature. High Current Limit Application Considerations For higher current applications, a robust circuit design is necessary to avoid part failure due to large voltage and/or current swings. When dealing with fast AC transients at higher current limits, the use of a local bypass capacitor is critical in order to maintain a stable input supply. For proper operation, minimizing stray and/or parasitic inductance from the supply to VIN (of IC) and VOUT (of IC) to the actual load can be achieved through a compact circuit design. Table 2 below lists the recommended input/output capacitors for the higher DC current limit settings: Thermal Measurements It is always wise to measure the IC’s case temperature to make sure that it is within its operating limits. Although this might seem like an elementary task, it is very easy to get false results. The most common mistake is to use the standard thermal couple that comes with the thermal voltage meter. This thermal couple wire gauge is large, typically 22 gauge, and behaves like a heatsink, resulting in a lower case measurement. Table 2. Recommended CIN/COUT vs ILIMIT ILIMIT *CIN COUT 1A 1µF 10µF 2A 10µF 47µF 2.5A 10µF 47µF There are two suggested methods for measuring the IC case temperature: a thermal couple or an infrared thermometer. If a thermal couple is used, it must be constructed of 36 gauge wire or higher to minimize the wire heatsinking effect. In addition, the thermal couple tip must be covered in either thermal grease or thermal glue to make sure that the thermal couple junction is making good contact to the case of the IC. Thermal couple 5SC-TT-K-36-36 from Omega is adequate for most applications. *These recommended values are for wire/traces less than 3 inches from the supply to the input and from the output to the load. For lengthy connections (>6 inches), use a 4.7μF (ILIMIT = 1A) and 22μF (ILIMIT > 2A) input capacitor. Thermal Design To help reduce the thermal resistance, the ePad (underneath the IC) should be soldered to the PCB ground. The placement of thermal vias either underneath or near the ePad is highly recommended. Thermal design requires the following application-specific parameters: • Maximum ambient temperature (TA) • Output current (IOUT) • Input voltage (VIN) • Current limit (ILIMIT) December 8, 2014 To avoid using messy thermal couple grease or glue, an infrared thermometer is recommended. Most infrared thermometers’ spot size is too large for an accurate reading on small form factor ICs. However, an IR thermometer from Optris has a 1mm spot size, which makes it ideal for the 2mm × 2mm thin DFN package. Also, get the optional stand. The stand makes it easy to hold the beam on the IC for long periods of time. 15 Revision 1.3 Micrel, Inc. MIC2039 Evaluation Board Schematic Bill of Materials Item Part Number Manufacturer C1608X5R0J105K TDK 06036D105KAT2A AVX(10) R1, R2 CRCW060310K0FKEA R3 CRCW06032870FKEA C1, C2 U1 MIC2039xYMT Description Qty. (9) 1µF/6.3V ceramic capacitor, X5R, 0603 2 Vishay/Dale(11) 10kΩ, film resistor, 0603, 1% 2 Vishay/Dale 287Ω film resistor, 0603, 1% 1 High-accuracy, high-side, adjustable current-limit power switch 1 Micrel (12) Notes: 9. TDK: www.tdk.com. 10. AVX.: www.avx.com. 11. Vishay: www.vishay.com. 12. Micrel, Inc.: www.micrel.com. December 8, 2014 16 Revision 1.3 Micrel, Inc. MIC2039 PCB Layout (MIC2039xYMT Evaluation Board) MIC2039xYMT Evaluation Board – Top Layer MIC2039xYMT Evaluation Board – Bottom Layer December 8, 2014 17 Revision 1.3 Micrel, Inc. MIC2039 PCB Layout (MIC2039xYM6 Evaluation Board) MIC2039xYM6 Evaluation Board – Top Layer MIC2039xYM6 Evaluation Board – Bottom Layer December 8, 2014 18 Revision 1.3 Micrel, Inc. MIC2039 Package Information and Recommended Landing Pattern(13) 6-Pin 2mm x 2mm Thin DFN (MT) Note: 13. Package information is correct as of the publication date. For updates and most current information, go to www.micrel.com. December 8, 2014 19 Revision 1.3 Micrel, Inc. MIC2039 Package Information and Recommended Landing Pattern(13) (Continued) SOT23-6L (M6) December 8, 2014 20 Revision 1.3 Micrel, Inc. MIC2039 MICREL, INC. 2180 FORTUNE DRIVE SAN JOSE, CA 95131 USA TEL +1 (408) 944-0800 FAX +1 (408) 474-1000 WEB http://www.micrel.com Micrel, Inc. is a leading global manufacturer of IC solutions for the worldwide high performance linear and power, LAN, and timing & communications markets. The Company’s products include advanced mixed-signal, analog & power semiconductors; high-performance communication, clock management, MEMs-based clock oscillators & crystal-less clock generators, Ethernet switches, and physical layer transceiver ICs. Company customers include leading manufacturers of enterprise, consumer, industrial, mobile, telecommunications, automotive, and computer products. Corporation headquarters and state-of-the-art wafer fabrication facilities are located in San Jose, CA, with regional sales and support offices and advanced technology design centers situated throughout the Americas, Europe, and Asia. Additionally, the Company maintains an extensive network of distributors and reps worldwide. Micrel makes no representations or warranties with respect to the accuracy or completeness of the information furnished in this datasheet. This information is not intended as a warranty and Micrel does not assume responsibility for its use. Micrel reserves the right to change circuitry, specifications and descriptions at any time without notice. No license, whether express, implied, arising by estoppel or otherwise, to any intellectual property rights is granted by this document. Except as provided in Micrel’s terms and conditions of sale for such products, Micrel assumes no liability whatsoever, and Micrel disclaims any express or implied warranty relating to the sale and/or use of Micrel products including liability or warranties relating to fitness for a particular purpose, merchantability, or infringement of any patent, copyright, or other intellectual property right. Micrel Products are not designed or authorized for use as components in life support appliances, devices or systems where malfunction of a product can reasonably be expected to result in personal injury. Life support devices or systems are devices or systems that (a) are intended for surgical implant into the body or (b) support or sustain life, and whose failure to perform can be reasonably expected to result in a significant injury to the user. A Purchaser’s use or sale of Micrel Products for use in life support appliances, devices or systems is a Purchaser’s own risk and Purchaser agrees to fully indemnify Micrel for any damages resulting from such use or sale. © 2014 Micrel, Incorporated. December 8, 2014 21 Revision 1.3