MQBL-28-09S

MQBL-28-09S
Single Output
H igH R eliability DC-DC C onveRteR
16-50V
9V
2.2A
85% @ 1.1A / 86% @ 2.2A
Continuous Input
Transient Input
Output
Output
Efficiency
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16-40V
F ull P oweR o PeRation : -55ºC
to
+125ºC
The MilQor@ series of high-reliability DC-DC converters
brings SynQor’s field proven high-efficiency synchronous
rectifier technology to the Military/Aerospace industry.
SynQor’s innovative QorSealTM packaging approach ensures
survivability in the most hostile environments. Compatible
with the industry standard format, these converters operate
n/C
at a fixed frequency, have no opto-isolators, and follow
conservative component derating guidelines.
+VIn
L-28-0
MQB
n
In rt
They are
CASE
EnA
designed and manufactured to comply with a wide range of
-ES
9S-F
1
SYnC
tEr
nVEr
A
C Co
DC-D [email protected]
9
in
28V
oUt
military standards.
SYnC
trIM
+SnS
-SnS
oUt
rtn
t
+VoU
In
Design Process
MQBL series converters are:
• Designed for reliability per NAVSO-P3641-A guidelines
• Designed with components derated per:
— MIL-HDBK-1547A
— NAVSO P-3641A
Qualification Process
MQBL series converters are qualified to:
• MIL-STD-810F
— consistent with RTCA/D0-160E
• SynQor’s First Article Qualification
— consistent with MIL-STD-883F
• SynQor’s Long-Term Storage Survivability Qualification
• SynQor’s on-going life test
In-Line Manufacturing Process
• AS9100 and ISO 9001:2008 certified facility
• Full component traceability
• Temperature cycling
• Constant acceleration
• 24, 96, 160 hour burn-in
• Three level temperature screening
Product# MQBL-28-09S
Phone 1-888-567-9596
DesigneD & ManufactureD in the usa
featuring Qorseal™ hi-rel asseMbly
Features
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Fixed switching frequency
No opto-isolators
Output over-voltage shutdown
Remote sense
Clock synchronization
Primary referenced enable
Continuous short circuit and overload protection
Input under-voltage and over-voltage shutdown
Specification Compliance
MQBL series converters (with MQHE filter) are designed to meet:
• MIL-HDBK-704-8 (A through F)
• RTCA/DO-160 Section 16, 17, 18
• MIL-STD-1275 (B, D) for VIN > 16V
• DEF-STAN 61-5 (part 6)/(5, 6) for VIN > 16V
• MIL-STD-461 (C, D, E, F)
• RTCA/DO-160(E, F, G) Section 22
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Doc.# 005-0006531 Rev. 1
01/28/14
Page 1
MQBL-28-09S
Output: 9V
Current: 2.2A
Technical Specification
BLOCK DIAGRAM
REGULATION STAGE
ISOLATION STAGE
CURRENT
SENSE
1
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POSITIVE
INPUT
7
POSITIVE
OUTPUT
T1
T2
T1
T2
2
8
INPUT
RETURN
OUTPUT
RETURN
3
CASE
GATE CONTROL
GATE DRIVERS
12
UVLO
OVSD
CURRENT
LIMIT
NO CONNECT
11
4
ENABLE 1
CONTROL POWER
OVP
PRIMARY
CONTROL
5
SECONDARY
CONTROL
MAGNETIC
TRIM
10
+ SENSE
SYNC OUT
9
FEEDBACK
6
− SENSE
SYNC IN
TYPICAL CONNECTION DIAGRAM
28 Vdc
+
open
means
on
Product# MQBL-28-09S
1
+VIN
2
IN RTN
3
CASE
4
ENA 1
5
SYNC OUT
6
SYNC IN
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N/C
MQBL
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12
TRIM 11
+SNS 10
-SNS 9
OUT RTN 8
Load
+
+VOUT 7
Doc.# 005-0006531 Rev. 1
01/28/14
Page 2
MQBL-28-09S
Output: 9V
Current: 2.2A
Technical Specification
MQBL-28-09S ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
Parameter
Min. Typ. Max. Units Notes & Conditions
60
60
-0.8
-1.2
V
V
V
V
500
800
125
135
300
50
V
V
°C
°C
°C
V
(see Note 11)
See Note 1
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ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
Input Voltage
Non-Operating
Operating
Reverse Bias (Tcase = 125ºC)
Reverse Bias (Tcase = -55ºC)
Isolation Voltage (I/O to case, I to O)
Continuous
Transient (≤100µs)
Operating Case Temperature
Storage Case Temperature
Lead Temperature (20s)
Voltage at ENA1
INPUT CHARACTERISTICS
Operating Input Voltage Range
“
Input Under-Voltage Shutdown
Turn-On Voltage Threshold
Turn-Off Voltage Threshold
Shutdown Voltage Hysteresis
Input Over-Voltage Shutdown
Turn-Off Voltage Threshold
Turn-On Voltage Threshold
Shutdown Voltage Hysteresis
Maximum Input Current
No Load Input Current (operating)
Disabled Input Current
Input Terminal Current Ripple (pk-pk)
OUTPUT CHARACTERISTICS
Output Voltage Set Point (Tcase = 25ºC)
Output Voltage Set Point Over Temperature
Output Voltage Line Regulation
Output Voltage Load Regulation
Total Output Voltage Range
Output Over-Voltage Shutdown
Output Voltage Ripple and Noise Peak to Peak
Operating Output Current Range
Operating Output Power Range
Output DC Current-Limit Inception
Back-Drive Current Limit while Enabled
Back-Drive Current Limit while Disabled
Maximum Output Capacitance
DYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS
Output Voltage Deviation Load Transient
For a Pos. Step Change in Load Current
For a Neg. Step Change in Load Current
Output Voltage Deviation Line Transient
For a Pos. Step Change in Line Voltage
For a Neg. Step Change in Line Voltage
Turn-On Transient
Output Voltage Rise Time
Output Voltage Overshoot
Turn-On Delay, Rising Vin
Turn-On Delay, Rising ENA
Restart Inhibit Time
Short Circuit Start Time
EFFICIENCY
Iout = 2.2 A (16 Vin)
Iout = 1.1 A (16 Vin)
Iout = 2.2 A (28 Vin)
Iout = 1.1 A (28 Vin)
Iout = 2.2 A (40 Vin)
Iout = 1.1 A (40 Vin)
Iout = 2.2 A (50 Vin)
Load Fault Power Dissipation
Group A
Subgroup
Vin=28V dc ±5%, Iout=2.2A, CL=0µF, free running
(see Note 9) unless otherwise specified
Product# MQBL-28-09S
-500
-800
-55
-65
-1.2
16
16
28
28
40
50
V
V
14.75
14.00
0.65
15.50
14.75
0.85
16.00
15.50
1.05
V
V
V
52.0
50.5
1.0
55.0
54.0
2.0
58.0
56.5
3.0
1.7
80
15
35
V
V
V
A
mA
mA
mA
9.09
9.15
35
35
9.18
13.2
75
2.2
20
3.4
50
600
V
V
mV
mV
V
V
mV
A
W
A
A
mA
µF
350
mV
mV
125
125
mV
mV
10
2
8.0
6.0
150
20
ms
%
ms
ms
ms
ms
40
10
20
8.91
8.85
-35
-35
8.82
11.2
0
0
2.3
-350
9.00
9.00
0
0
9.00
12.2
30
2.8
0.4
10
-150
150
-125
-125
12
83
82
82
81
80
79
77
6
0
5.5
3.0
100
14
87
86
86
85
84
83
82
1.3
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%
%
%
%
%
%
%
W
HB Grade Products, See Notes 2 & 13
Continuous
Transient, 1s
See Note 3
1, 2, 3
1, 2, 3
1, 2, 3
See Note 3
Vin = 16V; Iout = 2.2A
1, 2, 3
1, 2, 3
1, 2, 3
Bandwidth = 100kHz – 10MHz; see Figure 14
Vout at sense leads
“
“ ; Iout=2.2A
“ ; Vout @ (Iout=0A) - Vout @ (Iout=2.2A)
“
1
2, 3
1, 2, 3
1, 2, 3
1, 2, 3
See Note 5
1, 2, 3
1, 2, 3
1, 2, 3
1, 2, 3
1, 2, 3
1, 2, 3
See Note 5
Bandwidth = 10MHz; CL=11µF
See Note 4
See Note 6
Total Iout step = 1.1A to 2.2A, 0.22A to 1.1A; CL=11µF
“
Vin step = 16V to 50V; CL=11µF; see Note 7
Vout = 0.9V to 8.1V; Full Resistive Load
Resistive load
ENA = 5V; see Notes 8 & 10
See Note 10
See Note 10
Duration of pulse width, see Figure 16
4, 5, 6
4, 5, 6
4, 5, 6
See Note 5
4, 5, 6
4, 5, 6
4, 5, 6
4
1, 2, 3
Sustained short circuit on output
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Doc.# 005-0006531 Rev. 1
01/28/14
Page 3
MQBL-28-09S
Output: 9V
Current: 2.2A
Technical Specification
MQBL-28-09S ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (Continued)
Parameter
Min. Typ. Max. Units Notes & Conditions
(see Note 11)
Dielectric strength
500
500
500
100
100
V
V
V
MΩ
MΩ
nF
1
1
1
1
1
1
600
kHz
1, 2, 3
500
2.0
-0.5
20
700
5.5
0.8
80
kHz
V
V
%
1, 2, 3
1, 2, 3
1, 2, 3
See Note 5
20
40
60
mA
%
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ISOLATION CHARACTERISTICS
Isolation Voltage
Input RTN to Output RTN
Any Input Pin to Case
Any Output Pin to Case
Isolation Resistance (in rtn to out rtn)
Isolation Resistance (any pin to case)
Isolation Capacitance (in rtn to out rtn)
FEATURE CHARACTERISTICS
Switching Frequency (free running)
Synchronization Input
Frequency Range
Logic Level High
Logic Level Low
Duty Cycle
Synchronization Output
Pull Down Current
Duty Cycle
Enable Control (ENA)
Off-State Voltage
Module Off Pulldown Current
On-State Voltage
Module On Pin Leakage Current
Pull-Up Voltage
RELIABILITY CHARACTERISTICS
Calculated MTBF (MIL-STD-217F2)
GB @ Tcase = 70ºC
AIF @ Tcase = 70ºC
WEIGHT CHARACTERISTICS
Device Weight
Group A
Subgroup
Vin=28V dc ±5%, Iout=2.2A, CL=0µF, free running
(see Note 9) unless otherwise specified
22
500
550
0.8
80
2
3.2
4.0
20
4.8
V
µA
V
µA
V
2500
190
103 Hrs.
103 Hrs.
35
g
VSYNC OUT = 0.8V
Output connected to SYNC IN of another MQBL unit
Current drain required to ensure module is off
Imax draw from pin allowed with module still on
See Figure A
See Note 5
See Note 5
1, 2, 3
See Note 5
1, 2, 3
See Note 5
Electrical Characteristics Notes
1. Converter will undergo input over-voltage shutdown.
2. Derate output power for continuous operation per Figure 5.
3. High or low state of input voltage must persist for about 200µs to be acted on by the shutdown circuitry.
4. Current limit inception is defined as the point where the output voltage has dropped to 90% of its nominal value. See Current Limit discussion in
Features Description section.
5. Parameter not tested but guaranteed to the limit specified.
6. Load current transition time ≥ 10µs.
7. Line voltage transition time ≥ 100µs.
8. Input voltage rise time ≤ 250µs.
9. Operating the converter at a synchronization frequency above the free running frequency will cause the converter’s efficiency to be slightly reduced
and it may also cause a slight reduction in the maximum output current/power available. For more information consult the factory.
10. After a disable or fault event, module is inhibited from restarting for 100ms. See Shut Down section of the Control Features description.
11. Only the ES and HB grade products are tested at three temperatures. The C grade products are tested at one temperature. Please refer to the
Construction and Environmental Stress Screening Options table for details.
12. These derating curves apply for the ES and HB grade products. The C grade product has a maximum case temperature of 70ºC.
13. The specified operating case temperature for ES grade products is -45ºC to 100ºC. The specified operating case temperature for C grade products
is 0ºC to 70ºC.
Product# MQBL-28-09S
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Doc.# 005-0006531 Rev. 1
01/28/14
Page 4
MQBL-28-09S
Output: 9V
Current: 2.2A
Technical Figures
95
95
90
90
85
85
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Efficiency (%)
100
Efficiency (%)
100
80
75
70
75
70
16 Vin
28 Vin
65
60
80
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
1.2
1.4
1.6
1.8
2.0
28 Vin
65
40 Vin
0.0
16 Vin
40 Vin
60
-55ºC
2.2
25ºC
Load Current (A)
Figure 1: Efficiency at nominal output voltage vs. load current for
minimum, nominal, and maximum input voltage at Tcase=25°C.
Figure 2: Efficiency at nominal output voltage and 60% rated power vs.
case temperature for input voltage of 16V, 28V, and 40V.
5
5
4
4
Power Dissipation (W)
Power Dissipation (W)
125ºC
Case Temperature (ºC)
3
2
16 Vin
1
3
2
16 Vin
1
28 Vin
28 Vin
40 Vin
0
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
1.2
1.4
1.6
1.8
2.0
40 Vin
0
-55ºC
2.2
25ºC
Load Current (A)
125ºC
Case Temperature (ºC)
Figure 3: Power dissipation at nominal output voltage vs. load current
for minimum, nominal, and maximum input voltage at Tcase=25°C.
Figure 4: Power dissipation at nominal output voltage and 60% rated
power vs. case temperature for input voltage of 16V, 28V, and 40V.
10.0
15
1.1
10
Tjmax = 105º C
0.6
Tjmax = 125º C
Output Voltage (V)
1.7
8.0
Pout (W)
20
Iout (A)
2.2
6.0
4.0
5
2.0
0
0.0
Tjmax = 145º C
0.0
25
45
65
85
105
125
145
Case Temperature (ºC)
Figure 5: Output Current / Output Power derating curve as a
function of Tcase and the Maximum desired power MOSFET junction
temperature at Vin = 28V (see Note 12).
Product# MQBL-28-09S
Phone 1-888-567-9596
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
Load Current (A)
2.5
3.0
3.5
Figure 6: Output voltage vs. load current showing typical current limit
curves at Vin = 28V.
www.SynQor.com
Doc.# 005-0006531 Rev. 1
01/28/14
Page 5
MQBL-28-09S
Output: 9V
Current: 2.2A
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Technical Figures
Figure 7: Turn-on transient at full resistive load and zero output
capacitance initiated by ENA1. Input voltage pre-applied. Ch 1: Vout
(2V/div) (5.0mS/div). Ch 2: ENA1 (5V/div).
Figure 8: Turn-on transient at full resistive load and 1.5mF output
capacitance initiated by ENA1. Input voltage pre-applied. Ch 1: Vout
(2V/div) (5.0mS/div). Ch 2: ENA1 (5V/div).
Figure 9: Turn-on transient at full resistive load and zero output
capacitance initiated by Vin. ENA1 previously high. Ch 1: Vout (5V/
div) (5.0mS/div). Ch 2: Vin (5V/div).
Figure 10: Output voltage response to step-change in load current
50%-100%-50% of Iout (max). Load cap: 1µF ceramic cap and 10µF,
100mΩ ESR tantalum cap. Ch 1: Vout (100mV/div) (1.0mS/div). Ch 2:
Iout (1A/div).
Figure 11: Output voltage response to step-change in load current 0%50%-0% of Iout (max). Load cap: 1µF ceramic cap and 10µF, 100mΩ
ESR tantalum cap. Ch 1: Vout (100mV/div) (1.0mS/div). Ch 2: Iout
(2A/div).
Figure 12: Output voltage response to step-change in input voltage
(16V - 50V - 16V) in 150μS. Ch 1: Vout (50mV/div) (1.0mS/div). Ch 2:
Vin (20V/div).
Product# MQBL-28-09S
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Doc.# 005-0006531 Rev. 1
01/28/14
Page 6
MQBL-28-09S
Output: 9V
Current: 2.2A
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Technical Figures
MQHE
Filter
MQBL
Converter
Figure 13: Test set-up diagram showing measurement points for Input
Terminal Ripple Current (Figure 14) and Output Voltage Ripple (Figure
15).
Figure 14: Input terminal current ripple, ic, at full rated output current
and nominal input voltage with SynQor MQ filter module (10mA/div)
(2.0uS/div). Bandwidth: 20MHz. See Figure 13.
Figure 15: Output voltage ripple, Vout, at nominal input voltage and
rated load current (20mV/div) (1.0uS/div). Load capacitance: 1μF
ceramic capacitor and 10μF tantalum capacitor. Bandwidth: 20MHz.
See Figure 13.
Figure 16: Rise of output voltage after the removal of a short circuit
across the output terminals. Ch 1: Vout (2V/div) (50.0mS/div). Ch 2:
Iout (5A/div).
Figure 17: SYNC OUT vs. time, driving SYNC IN of a second SynQor
MQBL converter. Ch1: SYNC OUT: (1V/div).
Product# MQBL-28-09S
Phone 1-888-567-9596
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Doc.# 005-0006531 Rev. 1
01/28/14
Page 7
MQBL-28-09S
Output: 9V
Current: 2.2A
Technical Figures
Data Pending
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Data Pending
Figure 18: Magnitude of incremental output impedance (Zout = vout/
iout) for minimum, nominal, and maximum input voltage at full rated
power.
Figure 19: Magnitude of incremental forward transmission (FT = vout/
vin) for minimum, nominal, and maximum input voltage at full rated
power.
Data Pending
Data Pending
Figure 20: Magnitude of incremental reverse transmission (RT = iin/
iout) for minimum, nominal, and maximum input voltage at full rated
power.
Figure 21: Magnitude of incremental input impedance (Zin = vin/iin)
for minimum, nominal, and maximum input voltage at full rated power.
Figure 22: High frequency conducted emissions of standalone MQHL28-05S, 5Vout module at 50W output, as measured with Method CE102.
Limit line shown is the ‘Basic Curve’ for all applications with a 28V
source.
Figure 23: High frequency conducted emissions of MQHL-28-05S,
5Vout module at 50W output with MQHE-28-P filter, as measured
with Method CE102. Limit line shown is the ‘Basic Curve’ for all
applications with a 28V source.
Product# MQBL-28-09S
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Doc.# 005-0006531 Rev. 1
01/28/14
Page 8
MQBL-28-09S
Output: 9V
Current: 2.2A
Application Section
CONTROL FEATURES
The MQBL DC/DC converter uses a two-stage power
conversion topology. The first, or regulation, stage is a
buck-converter that keeps the output voltage constant over
variations in line, load, and temperature. The second, or
isolation, stage uses transformers to provide the functions of
input/output isolation and voltage transformation to achieve
the output voltage required.
ENABLE: The MQBL converter has one enable pin, ENA1
(pin 4), which is referenced with respect to the converter’s
input return (pin 2). It must have a logic high level for the
converter to be enabled; a logic low inhibits the converter.
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BASIC OPERATION AND FEATURES
Both the regulation and the isolation stages switch at a fixed
frequency for predictable EMI performance. The isolation
stage switches at one half the frequency of the regulation
stage, but due to the push-pull nature of this stage it
creates a ripple at double its switching frequency. As a
result, both the input and the output of the converter have a
fundamental ripple frequency of about 550 kHz in the freerunning mode.
Rectification of the isolation stage’s output is accomplished
with synchronous rectifiers. These devices, which are
MOSFETs with a very low resistance, dissipate far less energy
than would Schottky diodes. This is the primary reason why
the MQBL converters have such high efficiency, particularly at
low output voltages.
Besides improving efficiency, the synchronous rectifiers
permit operation down to zero load current. There is no
longer a need for a minimum load, as is typical for converters
that use diodes for rectification. The synchronous rectifiers
actually permit a negative load current to flow back into the
converter’s output terminals if the load is a source of short
or long term energy. The MQBL converters employ a “backdrive current limit” to keep this negative output terminal
current small.
There is a control circuit in the MQBL converter that determines
the conduction state of the power switches. It communicates
across the isolation barrier through a magnetically coupled
device. No opto-isolators are used.
An input under-voltage shutdown feature with hysteresis is
provided, as well as an input over-voltage shutdown and an
output over-voltage limit. There is also an output current
limit that is nearly constant as the load impedance decreases
(i.e., there is not fold-back or fold-forward characteristic to
the output current under this condition). When a load fault
is removed, the output voltage rises exponentially to its
nominal value without an overshoot. If a load fault pulls the
output voltage below about 60% of nominal, the converter
will shut down to attempt to clear the load fault. After a
short delay it will try to auto-restart.
The MQBL converter’s control circuit does not implement an
over-temperature shutdown.
The following sections describe the use and operation of
additional control features provided by the MQBL converter.
Product# MQBL-28-09S
Phone 1-888-567-9596
The enable pin is internally pulled high so that an open
connection will enable the converter. Figure A shows the
equivalent circuit looking into the enable pin. It is TTL
compatible and has hysteresis.
5V
82.5K
PIN4
PIN2
ENA1
10K
TO ENABLE
CIRCUITRY
IN RTN
Figure A: Circuit diagram shown for reference only, actual circuit
components may differ from values shown for equivalent circuit.
SHUT DOWN: The MQBL converter will shut down in
response to only five conditions: ENA input low, VIN input
below under-voltage shutdown threshold, VIN input above
over-voltage shutdown threshold, output voltage below the
output under-voltage threshold, and output voltage above
the output over-voltage threshold. Following any shutdown
event, there is a startup inhibit delay which will prevent the
converter from restarting for approximately 100ms. After
the 100ms delay elapses, if the enable inputs are high and
the input voltage is within the operating range, the converter
will restart. If the VIN input is brought down to nearly 0V
and back into the operating range, there is no startup inhibit,
and the output voltage will rise according to the “Turn-On
Delay, Rising Vin” specification.
REMOTE SENSE: The purpose of the remote sense pins
is to correct for the voltage drop along the conductors that
connect the converter’s output to the load. To achieve
this goal, a separate conductor should be used to connect
the +SENSE pin (pin 10) directly to the positive terminal
of the load, as shown in the connection diagram on Page
2. Similarly, the –SENSE pin (pin 9) should be connected
through a separate conductor to the return terminal of the
load.
NOTE: Even if remote sensing of the load voltage is not
desired, the +SENSE and the -SENSE pins must be connected
to +Vout (pin 7) and OUTPUT RETURN (pin 8), respectively,
to get proper regulation of the converter’s output. If they
are left open, the converter will have an output voltage that
is approximately 200mV higher than its specified value.
www.SynQor.com
Doc.# 005-0006531 Rev. 1
01/28/14
Page 9
MQBL-28-09S
Output: 9V
Current: 2.2A
Application Section
Inside the converter, +SENSE is connected to +Vout with a
100Ω resistor and –SENSE is connected to OUTPUT RETURN
with a 10Ω resistor.
5V
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It is also important to note that when remote sense is used,
the voltage across the converter’s output terminals (pins 7
and 8) will be higher than the converter’s nominal output
voltage due to resistive drops along the connecting wires.
This higher voltage at the terminals produces a greater
voltage stress on the converter’s internal components and
may cause the converter to fail to deliver the desired output
voltage at the low end of the input voltage range at the
higher end of the load current and temperature range.
Please consult the factory for details.
Figure B shows the equivalent circuit looking into the SYNC
IN pin and Figure C shows the equivalent circuit looking into
the SYNC OUT pin.
SYNCHRONIZATION: The MQBL converter’s switching
frequency can be synchronized to an external frequency
source that is in the 500 kHz to 700 kHz range. A pulse
train at the desired frequency should be applied to the SYNC
IN pin (pin 6) with respect to the INPUT RETURN (pin 2).
This pulse train should have a duty cycle in the 20% to 80%
range. Its low value should be below 0.8V to be guaranteed
to be interpreted as a logic low, and its high value should
be above 2.0V to be guaranteed to be interpreted as a logic
high. The transition time between the two states should be
less than 300ns.
If the MQBL converter is not to be synchronized, the SYNC
IN pin should be left open circuit. The converter will
then operate in its free-running mode at a frequency of
approximately 550 kHz.
If, due to a fault, the SYNC IN pin is held in either a logic low
or logic high state continuously, or the SYNC IN frequency
is outside the 500-700 kHz range, the MQBL converter will
revert to its free-running frequency.
The MQBL converter also has a SYNC OUT pin (pin 5). This
output can be used to drive the SYNC IN pins of as many as
ten (10) other MQBL converters. The pulse train coming out
of SYNC OUT has a duty cycle of 50% and a frequency that
matches the switching frequency of the converter with which
it is associated. This frequency is either the free-running
frequency if there is no valid synchronization signal at the
SYNC IN pin, or the synchronization frequency if there is.
The synchronization feature is entirely compatible with that
of SynQor’s MQFL family of converters.
5V
5K
PIN 6
PIN 2
SYNC IN
5K
TO SYNC
CIRCUITRY
5K
IN RTN
OPEN COLLECTOR
OUTPUT
Phone 1-888-567-9596
PIN 2
OUTPUT VOLTAGE TRIM: the TRIM pin (pin 11) can
adjust the MQBL converter’s output voltage ±10% around its
nominal value.
To trim the output voltage above its nominal value, connect
an external resistor from the TRIM pin to the –SENSE pin
as shown in Figure D. The value of this trim up resistor
should be chosen according to the following equation or
from Figure E:
Rtrim up(Ω) = 7200Ω*Vnom
Vout - Vnom - 36100Ω
where:
Vnom = the converter’s nominal output voltage,
Vout = the desired output voltage (greater than
Vnom), and
Rtrim up is in Ohms.
As the output voltage is trimmed up, it produces a greater
voltage stress on the converter’s internal components
and may cause the converter to fail to deliver the
desired output voltage at the low end of the input
voltage range at the higher end of the load current and
temperature range. Please consult the factory for details.
To trim the output voltage below its nominal value, connect
an external resistor (Rtrim down) between the TRIM pin
and the +SENSE pin, and another resistor (Rtrim sense)
connected between the TRIM pin and the -SENSE pin as
shown in Figure D. The values of these trim down resistors
should be chosen according to the following equation or
from Figure E:
Rtrim down(Ω) = 26000Ω*Vout - 14300Ω*Vnom
- 71500Ω
Vnom - Vout
Rtrim sense(Ω) = 1.02 * Rtrim down(Ω)
Figure B: Equivalent circuit looking into the SYNC IN pin with
respect to the IN RTN (input return) pin.
Product# MQBL-28-09S
PIN 5
Figure C: Equivalent circuit looking into SYNC OUT pin with
respect to the IN RTN (input return) pin.
where:
IN RTN
SYNC OUT
FROM SYNC
CIRCUITRY
www.SynQor.com
Vnom = the converter’s nominal output voltage,
Vout = the desired output voltage (less than Vnom),
and
Rtrim down and Rtrim sense are in Ohms.
Doc.# 005-0006531 Rev. 1
01/28/14
Page 10
MQBL-28-09S
Output: 9V
Current: 2.2A
Application Section
shutdown threshold does not change with output trim or
sense drops; excessive trim-up or output wiring drops may
cause an output over-voltage shutdown event. After a
startup inhibit delay, the converter will attempt to restart.
Trim Up
Trim Down
Trim Sense
OUTPUT UNDER-VOLTAGE SHUTDOWN: The MQBL
converter will also shut down if the voltage at its power
output pins ever dips below 60% of the nominal value for
more than a few milliseconds. Output voltage reduction
due to output current overload (current limit) is the most
common trigger for this shutdown. The shutdown threshold
does not change with output trim but at only 10%, trimdown should not trigger this event. After a startup inhibit
delay, the converter will attempt to restart. This shutdown
is disabled during startup.
1000
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External Trim Resistance (kOhms)
10000
100
10
-10%
-8%
-6%
-4%
-2%
0%
2%
4%
6%
8%
10%
Output Voltage Adjustment
Figure E: Trim up and Trim down as a function of external trim resistance.
INPUT UNDER-VOLTAGE SHUTDOWN: The MQBL
converter has an under-voltage shutdown feature that
ensures the converter will be off if the input voltage is too
low. The input voltage turn-on threshold is higher than
the turn-off threshold. In addition, the MQBL converter will
not respond to a state of the input voltage unless it has
remained in that state for more than about 200µs. This
hysteresis and the delay ensure proper operation when the
source impedance is high or in a noisy environment.
INPUT OVER-VOLTAGE SHUTDOWN: The MQBL
converter also has an over-voltage feature that ensures the
converter will be off if the input voltage is too high. It also
has a hysteresis and time delay to ensure proper operation.
OUTPUT OVER-VOLTAGE SHUTDOWN: The MQBL
converter will shut down if the voltage at its power output
pins ever exceeds about 130% of the nominal value. The
28 Vdc
+
_
open
means
on
BACK-DRIVE CURRENT LIMIT: Converters that use
MOSFETs as synchronous rectifiers are capable of drawing
a negative current from the load if the load is a source of
short- or long-term energy. This negative current is referred
to as a “back-drive current”.
Conditions where back-drive current might occur include
paralleled converters that do not employ current sharing.
It can also occur when converters having different output
voltages are connected together through either explicit or
parasitic diodes that, while normally off, become conductive
during startup or shutdown. Finally, some loads, such as
motors, can return energy to their power rail. Even a load
capacitor is a source of back-drive energy for some period of
time during a shutdown transient.
To avoid any problems that might arise due to back-drive
current, the MQBL converters limit the negative current that
the converter can draw from its output terminals. The
threshold for this back-drive current limit is placed sufficiently
below zero so that the converter may operate properly
down to zero load, but its absolute value (see the Electrical
Characteristics page) is small compared to the converter’s
rated output current.
1 +VIN
2 IN RTN
N/C 12
TRIM 11
3 CASE
4 ENA 1
+SNS 10
-SNS 9
MQHL
MQBL
5 SYNC OUT
6 SYNC IN
R TRIM DOWN
RTRIM UP / R TRIM SENSE
OUT RTN 8
+VOUT 7
+
Load
_
Figure D: Typical connection for output voltage trimming.
Product# MQBL-28-09S
Phone 1-888-567-9596
www.SynQor.com
Doc.# 005-0006531 Rev. 1
01/28/14
Page 11
MQBL-28-09S
Output: 9V
Current: 2.2A
Application Section
When the converter is mounted on a metal plate, the plate
will help to make the converter’s case bottom a uniform
temperature. How well it does so depends on the thickness
of the plate and on the thermal conductance of the interface
layer (e.g. thermal grease, thermal pad, etc.) between
the case and the plate. Unless this is done very well, it
is important not to mistake the plate’s temperature for the
maximum case temperature. It is easy for them to be as much
as 5-10ºC different at full power and at high temperatures.
It is suggested that a thermocouple be attached directly to
the converter’s case through a small hole in the plate when
investigating how hot the converter is getting. Care must
also be made to ensure that there is not a large thermal
resistance between the thermocouple and the case due to
whatever adhesive might be used to hold the thermocouple
in place.
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CURRENT LIMIT: In the event of excess load, the MQBL
converter will quickly reduce its output voltage to keep
the load current within safe limits (see Figure 6). If the
overload persists for more than 14 milliseconds, the converter
will shut off, wait a restart delay, and then automatically
attempt to re-start. The timeout is internally implemented
with an integrator: counting up whenever current limit is
active, and counting down at 1/5th the rate whenever current
limit becomes inactive. In this way a series of short-duration
overloads will not cause the converter to shut down, while it
will shut down in response to sustained overloads.
THERMAL CONSIDERATIONS: Figure 5 shows the suggested
Power Derating Curves for this converter as a function of the case
temperature and the maximum desired power MOSFET junction
temperature. All other components within the converter are cooler
than its hottest MOSFET, which at full power is no more than 20ºC
higher than the case temperature directly below this MOSFET.
The Mil-HDBK-1547A component derating guideline calls
for a maximum component temperature of 105ºC. Figure 5
therefore has one power derating curve that ensures this limit
is maintained. It has been SynQor’s extensive experience that
reliable long-term converter operation can be achieved with
a maximum component temperature of 125ºC. In extreme
cases, a maximum temperature of 145ºC is permissible, but not
recommended for long-term operation where high reliability is
required. Derating curves for these higher temperature limits
are also included in Figure 5. The maximum case temperature
at which the converter should be operated is 135ºC.
Product# MQBL-28-09S
Phone 1-888-567-9596
INPUT SYSTEM INSTABILITY: This condition can occur
because any dc-dc converter appears incrementally as a
negative resistance load. A detailed application note titled
“Input System Instability” is available on the SynQor website
which provides an understanding of why this instability
arises, and shows the preferred solution for correcting it.
www.SynQor.com
Doc.# 005-0006531 Rev. 1
01/28/14
Page 12
MQBL-28-09S
Output: 9V
Current: 2.2A
Stress Screening
CONSTRUCTION AND ENVIRONMENTAL STRESS SCREENING OPTIONS
Consistent with
MIL-STD-883F
(
ES-Grade
specified from
0 ºC to +70 ºC
) (
specified from
-45 ºC to +100 ºC
HB-Grade
) (
specified from
-55 ºC to +125 ºC
)
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Screening
C-Grade
Element Evaluation
Internal Visual
*
No
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Temperature Cycle
Method 1010
No
Condition B
(-55 ºC to +125 ºC)
Condition C
(-65 ºC to +150 ºC)
Constant Acceleration
Method 2001
(Y1 Direction)
No
500g
Condition A
(5000g)
Burn-in
Method 1015
24 Hrs @ +125 ºC
96 Hrs @ +125 ºC
160 Hrs @ +125 ºC
+25 ºC
-45, +25, +100 ºC
-55, +25, +125 ºC
Full QorSeal
Full QorSeal
Full QorSeal
*
Yes
Yes
QorSeal
QorSeal
QorSeal
Final Electrical Test
Method 5005 (Group A)
Mechanical Seal,
Thermal, and
Coating Process
External Visual
2009
Construction Process
* Per IPC-A-610 Class 3
MilQor converters and filters are offered in three variations of environmental stress screening options. All MilQor converters use SynQor’s proprietary
QorSeal™ Hi-Rel assembly process that includes a Parylene-C coating of the circuit, a high performance thermal compound filler, and a nickel barrier
gold plated aluminum case. Each successively higher grade has more stringent mechanical and electrical testing, as well as a longer burn-in cycle. The ESand HB-Grades are also constructed of components that have been procured through an element evaluation process that pre-qualifies each new batch of
devices.
Product# MQBL-28-09S
Phone 1-888-567-9596
www.SynQor.com
Doc.# 005-0006531 Rev. 1
01/28/14
Page 13
MQBL-28-09S
Output: 9V
Current: 2.2A
Mechanical Diagrams
PIN DESIGNATIONS
Pin # Function
Positive input
2
Input return
3
Case
4
Enable 1
5
Sync output
6
Sync input
7
Positive output
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1
MQBL-28-09S-S-ES
DC-DC ConvErtEr
28vin 9vout @ 2.2A
8
Output return
9
- Sense
10
+ Sense
11
Trim
12
No connection
Case S
NOTES
1)Pins:
Diameter: 0.040" (1.02mm)
Material: Copper Alloy
Finish: Gold over Nickel plate
2)Case:
Material: Aluminum
Finish: Gold over Nickel plate
3)All dimensions are in inches (mm)
Tolerances:
x.xx": +/-0.02"
(x.xmm: +/-0.5mm)
x.xxx": +/-0.010"
(x.xxmm +/0.25mm)
4)Weight:
MQBL-28-09S-F-ES
DC-DC ConvErtEr
28vin 9vout @ 2.2A
Standard: 1.17oz (33.3g)
Flanged: 1.24oz (35.1g)
5)Flanged version can be mounted using
the 2 center holes or the 4 outer holes
6)Workmanship: Meets or exceeds
IPC-A-610C Class III
Case F
Product# MQBL-28-09S
Phone 1-888-567-9596
www.SynQor.com
Doc.# 005-0006531 Rev. 1
01/28/14
Page 14
MQBL-28-09S
Output: 9V
Current: 2.2A
Ordering Information
MilQor Converter FAMILY MATRIX
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The tables below show the array of MilQor converters available. When ordering SynQor converters, please ensure that
you use the complete part number according to the table in the last page. Contact the factory for other requirements.
Single Output
MQHL-28
16-40Vin Cont.
16-50Vin 1s Trans.*
Dual Output †
1.5V
(1R5S)
1.8V
(1R8S)
2.5V
(2R5S)
3.3V
(3R3S)
5V
(05S)
6V
(06S)
7.5V
(7R5S)
9V
(09S)
12V
(12S)
15V
(15S)
28V
(28S)
5V
(05D)
12V
(12D)
15V
(15D)
20A
20A
20A
15A
10A
8A
6.6A
5.5A
4A
3.3A
1.8A
10A
Total
4A
Total
3.3A
Total
20A
20A
20A
15A
10A
8A
6.6A
5.5A
4A
3.3A
1.8A
10A
Total
4A
Total
3.3A
Total
10A
10A
10A
7.5A
5A
4A
3.3A
2.75A
2A
1.65A
0.9A
5A
Total
2A
Total
1.65A
Total
10A
10A
10A
7.5A
5A
4A
3.3A
2.75A
2A
1.65A
0.9A
5A
Total
2A
Total
1.65A
Total
1.5V
(1R5S)
1.8V
(1R8S)
2.5V
(2R5S)
3.3V
(3R3S)
5V
(05S)
6V
(06S)
7.5V
(7R5S)
9V
(09S)
12V
(12S)
15V
(15S)
28V
(28S)
5V
(05D)
12V
(12D)
15V
(15D)
8A
8A
8A
6A
4A
3.3A
2.6A
2.2A
1.6A
1.3A
0.7A
4A
Total
1.6A
Total
1.3A
Total
8A
8A
8A
6A
4A
3.3A
2.6A
2.2A
1.6A
1.3A
0.7A
4A
Total
1.6A
Total
1.3A
Total
Absolute Max Vin = 60V
MQHL-28E
16-70Vin Cont.
16-80Vin 1s Trans.*
Absolute Max Vin =100V
MQHR-28
16-40Vin Cont.
16-50Vin 1s Trans.*
Absolute Max Vin = 60V
MQHR-28E
16-70Vin Cont.
16-80Vin 1s Trans.*
Absolute Max Vin = 100V
Single Output
Dual Output †
MQBL-28
16-40Vin Cont.
16-50Vin 1s Trans.*
Absolute Max Vin = 60V
MQBL-28E
16-70Vin Cont.
16-80Vin 1s Trans.*
Absolute Max Vin =100V
Check with factory for availability.
†80% of total output current available on any one output.
*Converters may be operated at the highest transient input voltage, but some component electrical and thermal stresses would be beyond MILHDBK-1547A guidelines.
Product# MQBL-28-09S
Phone 1-888-567-9596
www.SynQor.com
Doc.# 005-0006531 Rev. 1
01/28/14
Page 15
MQBL-28-09S
Output: 9V
Current: 2.2A
Ordering Information
PART NUMBERING SYSTEM
The part numbering system for SynQor’s MilQor DC-DC converters follows the format shown in the table below.
Not all combinations make valid part numbers, please contact SynQor for availability. See the Product Summary web page for more options.
MQBL-28-09S-F-ES
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Example:
Input
Voltage
Range
Model
Name
28
28E
MQBL
Output Voltage(s)
Single
Output
Dual
Output
1R5S
1R8S
2R5S
3R3S
05S
06S
7R5S
09S
12S
15S
28S
05D
12D
15D
Package Outline/
Pin Configuration
Screening
Grade
S
F
C
ES
HB
APPLICATION NOTES
A variety of application notes and technical white papers can be downloaded in pdf format from the SynQor website.
PATENTS
SynQor holds the following U.S. patents, one or more of which apply to each product listed in this document. Additional patent applications may be
pending or filed in the future.
5,999,417
6,222,742
6,545,890
6,577,109
6,594,159
6,731,520
6,894,468
6,896,526
6,927,987
7,050,309
7,072,190
7,085,146
7,119,524
7,269,034
7,272,021
7,272,023
7,558,083
7,564,702
7,765,687
7,787,261
8,023,290
8,149,597
8,493,751
Contact SynQor for further information and to order:
Warranty
Phone:
Toll Free:
Fax:
E-mail:
Web:
Address:
SynQor offers a two (2) year limited warranty. Complete warranty information is listed on our website or is available upon request from SynQor.
Product# MQBL-28-09S
978-849-0600
1-888-567-9596
978-849-0602
[email protected]
www.synqor.com
155 Swanson Road
Boxborough, MA 01719
USA
Phone 1-888-567-9596
Information furnished by SynQor is believed to be accurate and reliable.
However, no responsibility is assumed by SynQor for its use, nor for any
infringements of patents or other rights of third parties which may result
from its use. No license is granted by implication or otherwise under any
patent or patent rights of SynQor.
www.SynQor.com
Doc.# 005-0006531 Rev. 1
01/28/14
Page 16