AN_153 Vinco LCD Interface Example

Future Technology Devices International Ltd.
Vinco LCD Interface Example
Application Note AN_153
Document Reference No.: FT_000327
Version 2.0
Issue Date: 2011-04-15
This application note describes how the Vinco module can be used to provide an interface to a
LCD display.
Future Technology Devices International Ltd (FTDI)
Unit 1, 2 Seaward Place, Centurion Business Park, Glasgow, G41 1HH, United Kingdom
Tel.: +44 (0) 141 429 2777
Fax: + 44 (0) 141 429 2758
E-Mail (Support): [email protected]
Neither the whole nor any part of the information contained in, or the product described in this manual, may be adapted or reproduced
in any material or electronic form without the prior written consent of the copyright holder. This product and its documentation are
supplied on an as-is basis and no warranty as to their suitability for any particular purpose is either made or implied. Future Technology
Devices International Ltd will not accept any claim for damages howsoever arising as a result of use or failure of this product. Your
statutory rights are not affected. This product or any variant of it is not intended for use in any medical appliance, device or system in
which the failure of the product might reasonably be expected to result in personal injury. This document provides preliminar y
information that may be subject to change without notice. No freedom to use patents or other intellectual property rights is implied by
the publication of this document. Future Technology Devices International Ltd, Unit 1, 2 Seaward Place, Centurion Business Park,
Glasgow, G41 1HH, United Kingdom. Scotland Registered Number: SC136640
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Introduction
Vinco is a development module inspired by the Arduino concept and uses the Vinculum II, VNC2 device.
Vinco uses a VNC2-64Q package to facilitate 38 GPIO options on 0.1” pitch sockets. Vinco is designed
as a prototyping platform for VNC2 based designs and applications.
This application note describes an example of how to use the Vinco module to create and display text
messages on a 2 line, 16 character, monochrome LCD display. The application note also provides “C”
source code examples to help the user get started with their own specific application. This source code
can be downloaded from the FTDI website at:
http://www.ftdichip.com/Support/SoftwareExamples/VinculumIIProjects/Vinco_LCD.zip
Note: Any sample code provided in this note is for illustration purposes and is not guaranteed or
supported.
Figure 1.1 - VINCO
1.1 VNC2 Devices
VNC2 is the second of FTDI’s Vinculum family of embedded dual USB host controller devices. The VNC2
device provides USB Host interfacing capability for a variety of different USB device classes including
support for BOMS (bulk only mass storage), Printer and HID (human interface devices). For mass
storage devices such as USB Flash drives, VNC2 transparently handles the FAT file structure.
Communication with non USB devices, such as a low cost microcontroller, is accomplished via either
UART, SPI or parallel FIFO interfaces. VNC2 provides a new, cost effective solution for providing USB Host
capability into products that previously did not have the hardware resources available.
VNC2 allows customers to develop their own firmware using the Vinculum II software development tool
suite. These development tools provide compiler, assembler, linker and debugger tools complete within
an integrated development environment (IDE).
The Vinculum-II VNC2 family of devices are available in Pb-free (RoHS compliant) 32-lead LQFP, 32-lead
QFN, 48-lead LQFP, 48-lead QFN, 64-Lead LQFP and 64-lead QFN packages For more information on the
ICs refer to http://www.ftdichip.com/Products/ICs/VNC2.htm
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1.2 Topway LCD Display
This application example uses the Topway LMB162ABC 16 character 2 line LCD display. The display is
driven by a 5V power supply and 4 data lines control the characters displayed on the display. For more
information on Topway displays see: http://www.topwaydisplay.com/Pub/Manual/LMB162ABC-ManualRev0.2.pdf
Figure 1.2 – Topway LMB162ABC LCD Module
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Table of Contents
1
Introduction .................................................................... 1
1.1
VNC2 Devices ............................................................................ 1
1.2
Topway LCD Display .................................................................. 2
2
Block Diagram ................................................................. 4
3
Interconnect ................................................................... 5
3.1
Power ....................................................................................... 5
3.2
LCD Control ............................................................................... 5
3.3
Debugger Interface ................................................................... 6
3.3.1
4
Signal Description - Debugger Interface ....................................................... 6
Source code for the VNC2 writing to LCD Display ............ 7
4.1
VNC2 Initialisation .................................................................... 7
4.2
LCD Initialisation ...................................................................... 8
4.3
Writing Command Instructions to the LCD ................................ 8
4.4
Writing Data Bytes to the LCD Display ...................................... 9
4.5
Writing Data Strings to the LCD Display .................................... 9
4.6
The Firmware function ............................................................ 10
5
Programming Vinco ....................................................... 11
6
Running the firmware ................................................... 12
7
Contact Information ...................................................... 13
Appendix A – References ................................................................. 14
Appendix B – List of Figures and Tables .......................................... 15
List of Figures ................................................................................. 15
List of Tables ................................................................................... 15
Appendix C – Revision History ......................................................... 16
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Block Diagram
This block diagram, Figure 2.1, shows the interconnect required for the Vinco to drive the LCD display.
The Vinco debug port is used to load the firmware onto the module. (Note that this requires a VNC2
DEBUG MODULE http://ftdichip.com/Support/Documents/DataSheets/Modules/DS_V2Debug_Module.pdf
)
The interconnect between the two modules is used to transfer the text to be displayed on the LCD.
DEBUG PORT
J8
DB4
J3-2
DB5
J3-1
DB6
J3-3
DB7
J3-4
VINCO
RS
J3-5
E
J3-6
7
8
9
10
11
12
UNUSED DB0-DB3
13
14
4
TOPWAY
16 CHAR x 2 LINE
LCD DISPLAY
6
BLA
BLK
5V
J1-5
CN1
GND
J1-6
R/W
2
3
1
5V
BACKLIGHT
GND
GND (ONLY WRITING)
V0 – CONTRAST
CONTROL
10k
+9V DC POWER
ADAPTER
Figure 2.1 – Vinco Sign Writer Demo Block Diagram
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3
Interconnect
3.1 Power
The Vinco module may be powered from the USB port on CN3 (5V) or via an external power converter
(9V/1A DC) to CN1 (for example the FTDI VNCLO-PSU-UK)
As this application provides power to external circuitry (the LCD display), the Vinco is powered from an
external 9V supply.
To ensure this power source is routed to the PCB, JP1 on the Vinco module must be set to the 2-3
position.
Power from the Vinco module is taken from J1 pin 5 to give a +5V supply for the Topway LCD display.
3.2 LCD Control
The Topway LCD display may be controlled in either an 4-bit data mode or an 8-bit data mode. This
application uses the 4 bit data mode. These are the signals labelled DB4 – DB7 on the block diagram in
section 2. These and the remaining signals required between Vinco and the LCD display are described in
Table 3.1.
Signal
Function
DB4-DB7
Data lines for sending information to the LCD
RS
Register Select is used to determine if the
information being sent to the LCD panel is display
data (RS=1) or an instruction (RS = 0).
E
The E bit is used to enable the device for access (E =
1).
R/W
Tied to GND as the LCD is only ever written in this
demo.
BLA/BLK
Supply (5V) for the LCD backlight
10k variable resistor between VO and
GND
allows for control of the LCD contrast
Table 3.1 - Signal Name and Description – LCD Interface
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3.3 Debugger Interface
The purpose of the debugger interface is to provide access to the VNC2 silicon/firmware debugger. The
debug interface can be accessed by connecting a VNC2_Debug_Module
(http://www.ftdichip.com/Support/Documents/DataSheets/ICs/DS_Vinculum-II.pdf ) to the J8 connector.
This debug module gives access to the debugger through a USB connection to a PC via the Integrated
Development Environment (IDE). The IDE is a graphical interface to the VNC2 software development
tool-chain and gives the following debug capabilities through the debugger interface:
Flash Erase, Write and Program.
Application debug - application code can have breakpoints, be single stepped and can be halted.
Detailed internal debug - memory and register read/write access.
The IDE may be downloaded, free of charge, from
http://www.ftdichip.com/Firmware/V2TC/VNC2toolchain.htm
The Debugger Interface, and how to use it, is further described in the following applications Note
Vinculum-II Debug Interface Description
3.3.1
Signal Description - Debugger Interface
Table 3.2 shows the signals and pins description for the Debugger Interface pin header J8
Name
Pin No.
Name
On PCB
Type
Description
J8-1
IO0
DBG
I/O
Debugger Interface
-
[Key]
-
Not connected. Used to make sure that the debug
J8-2
J8-3
GND
GND
J8-4
RESET#
RST#
J8-5
PROG#
PRG#
J8-6
5V0
VCC
module is connected correctly.
PWR
Input
Input
Module ground supply pin
Can be used by an external device to reset the
VNCL2. This pin is also used in combination with
PROG# and the UART interface to program
firmware into the VNC2.
This pin is used in combination with the RESET#
pin and the UART interface to program firmware
into the VNC2.
PWR Input
5.0V module supply pin. This pin can be used to
provide the 5.0V input to the V2DIP2-32 from the
debugger interface when the V2DIP2-32 is not
powered from the USB connector (VBUs) or the
DIL connector pins J1-1 and J3-6.
Table 3.2 - Signal Name and Description – Debugger Interface
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Source code for the VNC2 writing to LCD Display
The Vinculum II IDE is used to create application code to run on VNC2. This section gives some example
source code, and explains its operation, used to drive the LCD display via the Vinco module.
Note the full project can be downloaded at:
http://www.ftdichip.com/Support/SoftwareExamples/VinculumIIProjects/Vinco_LCD.zip
4.1 VNC2 Initialisation
When generating firmware for VNC2, the first steps are to enable the Vinculum Operating System (VOS),
which controls the VNC2 services and device manager, defines the clock speed the core will use, and
defines the VNC2 pins that will be used. This is done in the function labelled main. The “main” function
for this application is shown as follows
Void main (void)
{
// GPIO context structure
gpio_context_t gpioCtx;
// call VOS initialisation routines
vos_init(10, VOS_TICK_INTERVAL, NUMBER_OF_DEVICES);
vos_set_clock_frequency(VOS_48MHZ_CLOCK_FREQUENCY);
if (vos_get_package_type() == VINCULUM_II_64_PIN)
{
// GPIO port A bit 0 to pin 51
vos_iomux_define_output(51,IOMUX_OUT_GPIO_PORT_A_0);
// GPIO port A bit 1 to pin 52
vos_iomux_define_output(52,IOMUX_OUT_GPIO_PORT_A_1);
// GPIO port A bit 2 to pin 55
vos_iomux_define_output(55,IOMUX_OUT_GPIO_PORT_A_2);
// GPIO port A bit 3 to pin 56
vos_iomux_define_output(56,IOMUX_OUT_GPIO_PORT_A_3);
// GPIO port A bit 4 to pin 57
vos_iomux_define_output(57,IOMUX_OUT_GPIO_PORT_A_4);
// GPIO port A bit 5 to pin 58
vos_iomux_define_output(58,IOMUX_OUT_GPIO_PORT_A_5);
// DB4
// DB5
// DB6
// DB7
// RS
// E
// UART to V2EVAL board pins
The main function will also initialise the device drivers used in this application (GPIO in this case), it then
defines the threads that will be started (labelled firmware in this project) and finally it starts the VOS
scheduler. This is shown as follows:
// initialise device drivers
// TODO: call initialisation routines for included device drivers
gpioCtx.port_identifier = GPIO_PORT_A;
gpio_init(VOS_DEV_GPIO,&gpioCtx);
// create threads for firmware application (no parameters)
tcbFirmware = vos_create_thread(29, SIZEOF_THREAD_MEMORY, firmware, 0);
// start VOS scheduler
vos_start_scheduler();
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}
Note: Starting the VOS scheduler is always the last thing to be done as all configuration must be
complete before this starts.
4.2 LCD Initialisation
The LCD must be put into an initial known state to be able to accept new data and this initialisation is
done in the lcd_ini function.
void lcd_ini(VOS_HANDLE hLCD)
{
vos_delay_msecs(100);
// Send Reset command
write_lcd_cmd(hLCD, 0x03);
vos_delay_msecs(1);
// Send Function Set
write_lcd_cmd(hLCD, 0x28);
vos_delay_msecs(1);
write_lcd_cmd(hLCD, 0x28);
vos_delay_msecs(1);
// Send Display control command
write_lcd_cmd(hLCD, 0x0C);
vos_delay_msecs(1);
// Send Display Clear command
write_lcd_cmd(hLCD, 0x01);
vos_delay_msecs(1);
// Send Entry Mode Set command
write_lcd_cmd(hLCD, 0x06);
vos_delay_msecs(1);
}
The data values which can be sent to the LCD are defined in the LCD user manual. The
write_lcd_cmd(hLCD, value) is an instruction to call the write_LCD_cmd function so that data may be is
moved from the VNC2 GPIO lines to the LCD.
4.3 Writing Command Instructions to the LCD
The “write_lcd_cmd” command is used to send instructions to control the LCD panel.
The data is shifted 4 bits as only the upper 4 data lines of the LCD panel are used.
The example source code is detailed below
void write_lcd_cmd(VOS_HANDLE hLCD, unsigned char data)
{
unsigned char cmd;
// Write High nibble data to LCD
cmd = (((data>>4)&0x0F) | lcd_e);
cmd = (cmd &(~lcd_dat)); // Select Registers
vos_dev_write(hLCD,&cmd,1,NULL);
// Toggle 'E' pin
cmd &= (~lcd_e);
vos_dev_write(hLCD,&cmd,1,NULL);
// Write Low nibble data to LCD
cmd = ((data & 0x0F) | lcd_e);
cmd = (cmd &(~lcd_dat)); // Select Registers
vos_dev_write(hLCD,&cmd,1,NULL);
// Toggle 'E' pin
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cmd &= (~lcd_e);
vos_dev_write(hLCD,&cmd,1,NULL);
vos_delay_msecs(1);
}
vos_dev_write is a VOS defined command for writing out data. The hLCD is the handle for the driver that
the data is being sent to. In this example that means the GPIO lines.
4.4 Writing Data Bytes to the LCD Display
The “write_lcd_data” command is used to write data to be displayed by the LCD panel.
The data is shifted 4 bits as only the upper 4 data lines of the LCD panel are used.
The example source code is detailed below
void write_lcd_data(VOS_HANDLE hLCD, unsigned char data)
{
unsigned char cmd;
// Write High nibble data to LCD
cmd = (((data>>4)&0x0F) | lcd_dat);
cmd = (cmd | lcd_e); // Select DDRAM
vos_dev_write(hLCD,&cmd,1,NULL);
// Toggle 'E' pin
cmd &= (~lcd_e);
vos_dev_write(hLCD,&cmd,1,NULL);
// Write Low nibble data to LCD
cmd = ((data & 0x0F) | lcd_dat);
cmd = (cmd | lcd_e); // Select DDRAM
vos_dev_write(hLCD,&cmd,1,NULL);
// Toggle 'E' pin
cmd &= (~lcd_e);
vos_dev_write(hLCD,&cmd,1,NULL);
vos_delay_msecs(1);
}
4.5 Writing Data Strings to the LCD Display
The “write_lcd_str” command is used to write strings, as opposed to individual bytes, to the LCD.
The example source code is detailed below
void write_lcd_str(VOS_HANDLE hLCD, unsigned char *str)
{
while(*str != '\0')
{
write_lcd_data(hLCD, *str);
++str;
}
}
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4.6 The Firmware function
The “firmware” function in this example defines the variables used, the text to be sent to the display and
calling the LCD control functions.
void firmware(void)
{
// VOS handles for opened devices
VOS_HANDLE hGpio;
// GPIO IOCTL request block
gpio_ioctl_cb_t gpio_iocb;
// general purpose variables
unsigned char data = 1;
unsigned char i;
// string to display (include space for terminating NULL)
unsigned char *lcd_str = "Vinco";
unsigned char data_buf[16];
// find and open GPIO device port A
hGpio = vos_dev_open(VOS_DEV_GPIO);
gpio_iocb.ioctl_code = VOS_IOCTL_GPIO_SET_MASK;
gpio_iocb.value = 0xFF;
// set all as output
vos_dev_ioctl(hGpio, &gpio_iocb);
lcd_ini(hGpio);
lcd_str = "Vinco";
// Set 1-st line address
// Send Display Clear command
write_lcd_cmd(hGpio, 0x01);
vos_delay_msecs(2);
write_lcd_cmd(hGpio, (0x05 | 0x80));
write_lcd_str(hGpio, lcd_str);
// Set 2-nd line address
lcd_str = "www.ftdichip.com";
write_lcd_cmd(hGpio, (0x40 | 0x80));
write_lcd_str(hGpio, lcd_str);
vos_delay_msecs(2000);
lcd_str = "The Best Board";
// Set 1-st line address
write_lcd_cmd(hGpio, 0x01);
vos_delay_msecs(2);
write_lcd_cmd(hGpio, (0x01 | 0x80));
write_lcd_str(hGpio, lcd_str);
// Set 2-nd line address
lcd_str = "Ever!!!";
write_lcd_cmd(hGpio, (0x45 | 0x80));
write_lcd_str(hGpio, lcd_str);
vos_delay_msecs(2000);
} while (1);
}
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Programming Vinco
When Vinco has been connected to the LCD panel and the firmware has been built in the IDE, the next
step is to transfer the .ROM file generated by the IDE to the Vinco module. The IDE generates the .ROM
file with a single button click of the “Build” button.
Connect the USB port of the VNC2 Debug Module to a PC and load the free FTDI drivers for the FT232R
device on the debug module. This will happen automatically via Windows Update if you are connected to
their internet. Otherwise refer to the installation guide for your OS:
http://www.ftdichip.com/Support/Documents/InstallGuides.htm
The IDE should now automatically detect the VNC2 debug module.
Connect the other end of the VNC2 Debug Module to the J8 connector of the Vinco.
Use the IDE FLASH button to load the .ROM file into the Vinco. A getting started guide for using the
Vinculum IDE may be downloaded from:
http://www.ftdichip.com/Support/Documents/AppNotes/AN_142_VinculumII_Tool_Chain_Getting_Started_Guide.pdf
The IDE will report back a successful programming. At this point the VNC2 Debug module may be
removed from the Vinco J8 connector.
The .rom file can also be downloaded from the following location:
http://www.ftdichip.com/Support/SoftwareExamples/VinculumIIProjects/Vinco_LCD.zip
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Running the firmware
The Vinco may be reset by power cycling the unit and then the firmware will run...
The user will observe text on the LCD being updated as per the firmware code:
Vinco
www.ftdichip.com
The best board
Ever !!!
It is left to the user to experiment with changing the displayed text by modifying the sample project
code.
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Contact Information
Head Office – Glasgow, UK
Future Technology Devices International Limited
Unit 1, 2 Seaward Place,
Centurion Business Park
Glasgow, G41 1HH
United Kingdom
Tel: +44 (0) 141 429 2777
Fax: +44 (0) 141 429 2758
E-mail (Sales)
[email protected]
E-mail (Support) [email protected]
E-mail (General Enquiries) [email protected]
Web Site URL
http://www.ftdichip.com
Web Shop URL
http://www.ftdichip.com
Branch Office – Taipei, Taiwan
Future Technology Devices International Limited (Taiwan)
2F, No 516, Sec. 1 NeiHu Road
Taipei 114
Taiwan, R.O.C.
Tel: +886 (0) 2 8791 3570
Fax: +886 (0) 2 8791 3576
E-mail (Sales)
[email protected]
E-mail (Support) [email protected]
E-mail (General Enquiries) [email protected]
Web Site URL
http://www.ftdichip.com
Branch Office – Hillsboro, Oregon, USA
Future Technology Devices International Limited (USA)
7235 NW Evergreen Parkway, Suite 600
Hillsboro, OR 97123-5803
USA
Tel: +1 (503) 547 0988
Fax: +1 (503) 547 0987
E-Mail (Sales)
[email protected]
E-Mail (Support) [email protected]
E-Mail (General Enquiries) [email protected]
Web Site URL
http://www.ftdichip.com
Branch Office – Shanghai, China
Future Technology Devices International Limited (China)
Room 408, 317 Xianxia Road,
ChangNing District,
ShangHai, China
Tel: +86 (21) 62351596
Fax: +86(21) 62351595
E-Mail (Sales): [email protected]
E-Mail (Support): [email protected]
E-Mail (General Enquiries): [email protected]
Web Site URL
http://www.ftdichip.com
Distributor and Sales Representatives
Please visit the Sales Network page of the FTDI Web site for the contact details of our distributor(s) and sales
representative(s) in your country.
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Appendix A – References
Application and Technical Notes available at
http://www.ftdichip.com/Support/Documents/AppNotes.htm
Vinco datasheet
http://www.ftdichip.com/Support/Documents/DataSheets/ICs/DS_Vinculum-II.pdf
VNC2 Debug Module
http://www.ftdichip.com/Support/Documents/DataSheets/ICs/DS_Vinculum-II.pdf
Vinculum-II IO Cell Description
http://www.ftdichip.com/Support/Documents/AppNotes/AN_137_VinculumII%20IO_Cell_Description.pdf
Vinculum-II Debug Interface Description
http://www.ftdichip.com/Support/Documents/AppNotes/AN_138_VinculumII_Debug_Interface_Description.pdf
Vinculum-II IO Mux Explained
http://www.ftdichip.com/Support/Documents/AppNotes/AN_139_VinculumII%20IO_Mux%20Explained.pdf
Vinculum-II Errata Technical Note
http://www.ftdichip.com/Support/Documents/TechnicalNotes/TN_118_VNC2%20Errata%20Technical
%20Note.pdf
Topway LMBABC Display
( http://www.topwaydisplay.com/Pub/Manual/LMB162ABC-Manual-Rev0.2.pdf )
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Appendix B – List of Figures and Tables
List of Figures
Figure 1.1 - VINCO ....................................................................................................................... 1
Figure 2.1 – Vinco Sign Writer Demo Block Diagram ......................................................................... 4
List of Tables
Table 3.1 - Signal Name and Description – LCD Interface .................................................................. 5
Table 3.2 - Signal Name and Description – Debugger Interface .......................................................... 6
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Appendix C – Revision History
Version draft
First draft
August 2010
Version 1.0
First Release
25th October 2010
Version 2.0
Change brand name from Vinculo to Vinco
14th April 2011
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