NON-ISOLATED DC/DC CONVERTERS 4.5 Vdc - 14 Vdc Input, 0.7 Vdc – 2 Vdc /50 A Outputs Bel Power Inc., a subsidiary of Bel Fuse Inc. February 18, 2011 SLIN-50E1AL RoHS Compliant Rev.A Features • Wide Input Voltage Range • Output Voltage Sequencing • Monotonic Start-up • Over Temperature Protection • Negative Remote On/Off • Output Over Current Protection • True Differential Remote Sense • Tunable LoopTM (a registered trademark of Lineage Power Systems) to Optimize Dynamic output voltage response • Parallel Operation With Active Current Sharing • Compliant to RoHS EU Directive 2002/95/EC • UL* 60950 Recognized, CSA† C22.2 No. 60950-1-07 Certified • VDE‡ 0805 (EN60950-1 2nd edition) Licensed Applications • • Distributed power architectures Intermediate bus voltage applications • • Telecommunications equipment Industrial applications Description The SLIN-50E1AL power modules are non-isolated dc/dc converters that can deliver up to 50 A of output current. These modules operate over a wide range of input voltage (VIN = 4.5 Vdc-14 Vdc) and provide a precisely regulated output voltage from 0.7 Vdc to 2.0 Vdc, programmable via an external resistor. Features include remote On/Off, adjustable output voltage, over current and over temperature protection, output voltage sequencing and paralleling. A new feature, the Tunable LoopTM, allows the user to optimize the dynamic response of the converter to match the load with reduced amount of output capacitance leading to savings on cost and PWB area. Part Selection Output Voltage Input Voltage 0.7 Vdc - 2 Vdc 4.5 Vdc - 14 Vdc Max. Output Current 50 A Typical Efficiency 87% Model Number Active Low SLIN-50E1AL Notes: Add “G” suffix at the end of the model number to indicate Tray Packaging. Part Number Explanation S LIN – 50 E 1A L 1 2 3 4 5 6 1---Surface mount 2---Series code 3---Output current (50A) 4--- Wide input voltage range (4.5-14V) 5--- Wide output voltage range (0.7-2V) 6--- Enable, active low Bel Fuse Inc. 206 Van Vorst Street, Jersey City, NJ 07302 • Tel 201-432-0463 • Fax 201-432-9542 • www.belfuse.com 1 NON-ISOLATED DC/DC CONVERTERS 4.5 Vdc - 14 Vdc Input, 0.7 Vdc – 2 Vdc /50 A Outputs Bel Power Inc., a subsidiary of Bel Fuse Inc. February 18, 2011 Absolute Maximum Ratings Min Typ Max Unit Continuous Input Voltage -0.3 - 14 V Sequencing Pin Voltage -0.3 - 4 V Operating Ambient Temperature -40 - 85 °C Storage Temperature -55 - 125 °C Parameter Notes Note: Stresses in excess of the absolute maximum ratings can cause permanent damage to the device. These are absolute stress ratings only, functional operation of the device is not implied at these or any other conditions in excess of those given in the operations sections of the data sheet. Exposure to absolute maximum ratings for extended periods can adversely affect the device reliability. Input Specifications Parameter Operating Input Voltage Min 4.5 Typ - Max 14 Unit V Input Current (full load) - - 26 A - 73.4 - mA - 136 - mA Input Stand-by Current - 1.3 - mA VIN = VIN,mon, module disabled Input Reflected Ripple Current (pk-pk) - - 73 mA 5Hz to 20MHz, 1μH source impedance; VIN,min to VIN,max, IO= IOmax I2t Inrush Current Transient - - 1 A2s Input Ripple Rejection (120Hz) - 50 - dB Turn-on Threshold - 4.26 - V Input Current (no load) Turn-off Threshold - 4.04 - V Hysteresis - 0.22 - V Notes VIN= VIN,min to VIN,max, IO = IO,max Vo=0.7V, VIN= VIN,mon, IO=0 module enabled Vo=1.8V, VIN= VIN,mon, IO=0 module enabled CAUTION: This converter is not internally fused. An input line fuse must be used in application. This power module can be used in a wide variety of applications, ranging from simple standalone operation to an integrated part of sophisticated power architecture. To preserve maximum flexibility, internal fusing is not included; however, to achieve maximum safety and system protection, always use an input line fuse. The safety agencies require a surface mount, fast acting fuse with a maximum rating of 30A. Based on the information provided in this data sheet on inrush energy and maximum dc input current, the same type of fuse with a lower rating can be used. Refer to the fuse manufacturer’s data sheet for further information. Note: Unless otherwise indicated, specifications apply over all operating input voltage, resistive load, and temperature conditions. Bel Fuse Inc. 206 Van Vorst Street, Jersey City, NJ 07302 • Tel 201-432-0463 • Fax 201-432-9542 • www.belfuse.com 2 NON-ISOLATED DC/DC CONVERTERS 4.5 Vdc - 14 Vdc Input, 0.7 Vdc – 2 Vdc /50 A Outputs Bel Power Inc., a subsidiary of Bel Fuse Inc. February 18, 2011 Output Specifications Parameter Min Typ Max Unit Output Voltage Set Point -1.0 - +1.0 %Vo,set VIN=VIN,nom, IO=IO, nom, Tref=25°C. Output Voltage -2.0 - +2.0 %Vo,set Over all operating input voltage, resistive load, and temperature conditions until end of life Adjustment Range 0.7 - 2.0 V Remote Sense Range - - 0.5 V Load Regulation - - 8 mV IO=IO, min to IO, max Line Regulation - - 5 mV VIN=VIN, min to VIN, max Temperature Regulation (-40°C to 85°C) - - 8 mV Tref=TA, min to TA, max Ripple and Noise (pk-pk) - - 50 mV 5Hz to 20MHz BW, VIN=VIN, nom and IO=IO, min to IO, max, Co = 1μF // 10 μF ceramic capacitors Output Current Range 0 - 50 A Output DC Current Limit - 180 - %Io,max Output Short-Circuit Current - 5.5 - A Vo≤250mV, Hiccup Mode Output Capacitance ESR≥1 mΩ ESR≥10 mΩ ESR≥1 mΩ ESR≥10 mΩ - - 1200 10000 20000 20000 uF uF uF uF Without the Tunable LoopTM Without the Tunable LoopTM TM With the Tunable Loop With the Tunable LoopTM - 4.8 - mS - 4.8 - mS Output voltage Rise time - 3.6 - mS Output voltage overshoot - - 3 %Vo,set Turn-On Delay Time Notes selected by an external resistor Hiccup Mode Case 1: On/Off input is set to Logic Low (Module ON) and then input power is applied (delay from instant at which VIN =VIN, min until Vo=10% of Vo,set) Case 2: Input power is applied for at least one second and then the On/Off input is set to logic Low (delay from instant at which Von/Off=0.3V until Vo=10% of Vo, set) time for Vo to rise from 10% of Vo, set to 90% of Vo, set Io=Io, max,Vin=4.5 to 14Vdc, Ta=25°C Note: Unless otherwise indicated, specifications apply over all operating input voltage, resistive load, and temperature conditions. Bel Fuse Inc. 206 Van Vorst Street, Jersey City, NJ 07302 • Tel 201-432-0463 • Fax 201-432-9542 • www.belfuse.com 3 NON-ISOLATED DC/DC CONVERTERS 4.5 Vdc - 14 Vdc Input, 0.7 Vdc – 2 Vdc /50 A Outputs Bel Power Inc., a subsidiary of Bel Fuse Inc. February 18, 2011 General Specifications Parameter Min Typ Max Unit - 81.1 87.0 90.1 - % % % Switching Frequency - 260 - kHz Over Temperature Protection - 125 - °C Sequencing Slew rate capability - - 2 V/mS 10 - - mS Efficiency Vo=0.7V Vo=1.2V Vo=1.8V Sequencing Delay time Tracking Accuracy Power-Up: 2V/ms Power-Down: 1V/ms PGOOD (Power Good) Internal pull-up, VPGOOD Overvoltage threshold for PGOOD Undervoltage threshold for PGOOD - 100 200 200 400 mV mV - 5 112.5 87.5 - V %Vo,set %Vo,set Forced Load Share Accuracy - 10 - %Io Number of Units in Parallel - - 5 - Weight - 14.22 - g MTBF 4,755,661 Hours 1.30 x 0.90 x 0.34 33 x 22.9 x 10 - Notes Vin= 12Vdc, Ta=25°C Io=Io, max , Vo= Vo,set VIN, min to VIN, max; IO, min to IO, max VSEQ < Vo Delay from VIN, min to application of voltage on SEQ pin VIN, min to VIN, max; IO, min - IO, max VSEQ < Vo Calculated MTBF (IO=IO, max, Ta=40°C) per Telecordia Issue 2, Method I, Case 3 Dimensions Inches (L × W × H) Millimeters (L × W × H) Note: Unless otherwise indicated, specifications apply over all operating input voltage, resistive load, and temperature conditions. Bel Fuse Inc. 206 Van Vorst Street, Jersey City, NJ 07302 • Tel 201-432-0463 • Fax 201-432-9542 • www.belfuse.com 4 NON-ISOLATED DC/DC CONVERTERS 4.5 Vdc - 14 Vdc Input, 0.7 Vdc – 2 Vdc /50 A Outputs Bel Power Inc., a subsidiary of Bel Fuse Inc. February 18, 2011 95 95 90 90 EFFICIENCY, η (%) EFFICIENCY, η (%) Efficiency Data 85 Vin=12V 80 Vin=4.5V Vin=14V 75 70 Vin=12V 85 Vin=14V 80 Vin=4.5V 75 70 0 10 20 30 40 50 OUTPUT CURRENT, IO (A) 10 20 30 40 50 OUTPUT CURRENT, IO (A) Vo=0.7V, Ta=25°C 100 0 Vo=1.2V, Ta=25°C Vin=12V EFFICIENCY, η (%) 95 90 85 Vin=14V Vin=4.5V 80 75 70 0 10 20 30 40 50 OUTPUT CURRENT, IO (A) Vo=1.8V, Ta=25°C Bel Fuse Inc. 206 Van Vorst Street, Jersey City, NJ 07302 • Tel 201-432-0463 • Fax 201-432-9542 • www.belfuse.com 5 NON-ISOLATED DC/DC CONVERTERS 4.5 Vdc - 14 Vdc Input, 0.7 Vdc – 2 Vdc /50 A Outputs Bel Power Inc., a subsidiary of Bel Fuse Inc. February 18, 2011 55 55 50 50 OUTPUT CURRENT, Io (A) OUTPUT CURRENT, Io (A) Thermal Derating Curves 45 NC 40 0.5m/s (100LFM) 1.5m/s (300LFM) 35 1m /s ( 200LFM) 30 2m/s (400LFM) 25 35 45 55 65 75 85 O 45 NC 40 0.5m/s (100LFM) 35 1m/s (200LFM) 30 1.5m/s (300LFM) 2m/s (400LFM) 25 35 45 55 65 75 85 O AMBIENT TEMPERATURE, TA C AMBIENT TEMPERATURE, TA C Vo=0.7V, Vin=12V Vo=1.2V, Vin=12V 55 OUTPUT CURRENT, Io (A) 50 45 40 NC 35 0.5m/s (100LFM) 30 1.5m/s 1m/s (300LFM) (200LFM) 2m/s (400LFM) 25 35 45 55 65 75 85 O AMBIENT TEMPERATURE, TA C Vo=1.8V, Vin=12V Bel Fuse Inc. 206 Van Vorst Street, Jersey City, NJ 07302 • Tel 201-432-0463 • Fax 201-432-9542 • www.belfuse.com 6 NON-ISOLATED DC/DC CONVERTERS 4.5 Vdc - 14 Vdc Input, 0.7 Vdc – 2 Vdc /50 A Outputs February 18, 2011 Bel Power Inc., a subsidiary of Bel Fuse Inc. OUTPUT VOLTAGE VO (V) (10mV/div) OUTPUT VOLTAGE VO (V) (10mV/div) Ripple and Noise Waveforms TIME, t (1μs/div) Vo=1.2V, Ta=25°C , Vin=12V, Io = Io,max OUTPUT VOLTAGE VO (V) (10mV/div) Vo=0.7V, Ta=25°C , Vin=12V, Io = Io,max TIME, t (1μs/div) TIME, t (1μs/div) Vo=1.8V, Ta=25°C , Vin=12V, Io = Io,max Bel Fuse Inc. 206 Van Vorst Street, Jersey City, NJ 07302 • Tel 201-432-0463 • Fax 201-432-9542 • www.belfuse.com 7 NON-ISOLATED DC/DC CONVERTERS 4.5 Vdc - 14 Vdc Input, 0.7 Vdc – 2 Vdc /50 A Outputs OUTPUT CURRENT, IO (A) (10A/div) OUTPUT VOLTAGE VO (V) (200mV/div) OUTPUT CURRENT, IO (A) (2A/div) TBD Bel Power Inc., a subsidiary of Bel Fuse Inc. OUTPUT VOLTAGE VO (V) (5mV/div) February 18, 2011 Transient Response Waveforms TIME, t (20μs /div) Transient Response to Dynamic Load Change from 50% to 100%. Vo=1.2V, Ta=25°C, Vin=12V, Cext =5x47uF+ +13x330uFpolymer,CTune=120nF,RTune=180ohms OUTPUT CURRENT, IO (A) (10A/div) OUTPUT VOLTAGE VO (V) (10mV/div) Transient Response to Dynamic Load Change from 0% to 50% to 0%. Vo=0.7V, Ta=25°C , Vin=12V TIME, t (0.5mS /div) TIME, t (0.5mS /div) Transient Response to Dynamic Load Change from 50% to 100%. Vo=1.8V, Ta=25°C, Vin=12V, Cext =5x47uF+ +8x330uFpolymer,CTune=47nF,RTune=220ohms Bel Fuse Inc. 206 Van Vorst Street, Jersey City, NJ 07302 • Tel 201-432-0463 • Fax 201-432-9542 • www.belfuse.com 8 NON-ISOLATED DC/DC CONVERTERS 4.5 Vdc - 14 Vdc Input, 0.7 Vdc – 2 Vdc /50 A Outputs Bel Power Inc., a subsidiary of Bel Fuse Inc. February 18, 2011 ON/OFF VOLTAGE VON/OFF (V) (5V/div) OUTPUT VOLTAGE Vo (V) (500mV/div) OUTPUT VOLTAGE Vo (V) (200mV/div) ON/OFF VOLTAGE VON/OFF (V) (5V/div) Startup Time TIME, t (2 ms/div) Start-up Using On/Off Voltage (Io = Io,max) Vo=1.2V, Vin = 12V, Ta=25°C OUTPUT VOLTAGE Vo (V) (500mV/div) ON/OFF VOLTAGE VON/OFF (V) (5V/div) Start-up Using On/Off Voltage (Io = Io,max) Vo=0.7V, Vin = 12V, Ta=25°C TIME, t (2 ms/div) TIME, t (2 ms/div) Start-up Using On/Off Voltage (Io = Io,max) Vo=1.8V, Vin = 12V, Ta=25°C Bel Fuse Inc. 206 Van Vorst Street, Jersey City, NJ 07302 • Tel 201-432-0463 • Fax 201-432-9542 • www.belfuse.com 9 NON-ISOLATED DC/DC CONVERTERS 4.5 Vdc - 14 Vdc Input, 0.7 Vdc – 2 Vdc /50 A Outputs February 18, 2011 INPUT VOLTAGE VIN (V) (5V/div) Bel Power Inc., a subsidiary of Bel Fuse Inc. OUTPUT VOLTAGE Vo(V) (500mV/div) OUTPUT VOLTAGE Vo(V) (200mV/div) INPUT VOLTAGE VIN (V) (5V/div) Startup Time (continued) TIME, t (2 ms/div) Start-up Using Input Voltage (VIN = 12V, Io = Io,max ), Vo=1.2V, Ta=25°C OUTPUT VOLTAGE Vo(V) (500mV/div) INPUT VOLTAGE VIN (V) (5V/div) Start-up Using Input Voltage (VIN = 12V, Io = Io,max ), Vo=0.7V, Ta=25°C TIME, t (2 ms/div) TIME, t (2 ms/div) Start-up Using Input Voltage (VIN = 12V, Io = Io,max ), Vo=1.8V, Ta=25°C Bel Fuse Inc. 206 Van Vorst Street, Jersey City, NJ 07302 • Tel 201-432-0463 • Fax 201-432-9542 • www.belfuse.com 10 NON-ISOLATED DC/DC CONVERTERS 4.5 Vdc - 14 Vdc Input, 0.7 Vdc – 2 Vdc /50 A Outputs Bel Power Inc., a subsidiary of Bel Fuse Inc. February 18, 2011 Test Configurations Input Reflected Ripple Current Test Setup. CURRENT PROBE TO OSCILLOSCOPE LTES T VIN(+) BATTERY 1μH CIN CS 1000μF Electrolytic 2x100μF Tantalum E.S.R.<0.1Ω @ 20 °C 100kHz COM NOTE: Measure input reflected ripple current with a simulated source inductance (L TES T) of 1μH. Capacitor CS offsets possible battery impedance. Measure current as shown above. Output Ripple and Noise Test Setup. COPPER STRIP RESISTIVE LOAD Vo+ 0.1uF 10uF COM SCOPE USING BNC SOCKET GROUND PLANE NOTE: All voltage measurem ents to be taken at the m odule terminals, as shown above. If sockets are used then Kelvin connections are required at the module terminals to avoid measurement errors due to socket contact resistance. Output Voltage and Efficiency Test Setup. R distribution R contac t Rc ontac t VI N(+) VI N R distribution R LOAD VO R contac t Rc ontac t COM R dis tribution VO R dis tribution CO M NOTE: All voltag e m easurem ent s to b e ta ken at th e m odule termin als, as sh own ab ove. If sockets are use d th en Kelvin co nnect io ns are req uired a t th e m odule termina ls to avoid m easu re men t errors due to s ocket co ntact resist ance. VO. IO Efficiency η = VIN. IIN x 100 % Bel Fuse Inc. 206 Van Vorst Street, Jersey City, NJ 07302 • Tel 201-432-0463 • Fax 201-432-9542 • www.belfuse.com 11 NON-ISOLATED DC/DC CONVERTERS 4.5 Vdc - 14 Vdc Input, 0.7 Vdc – 2 Vdc /50 A Outputs Bel Power Inc., a subsidiary of Bel Fuse Inc. February 18, 2011 Input Filtering The SLIN-50E1AL module should be connected to a low ac-impedance source. A highly inductive source can affect the stability of the module. An input capacitor must be placed directly adjacent to the input pin of the module to minimize input ripple voltage and ensure module stability. Input Ripple Voltage (mVp-p) To minimize input voltage ripple, ceramic capacitors are recommended at the input of the module. The figure below shows the input ripple voltage for various output voltages at maximum load current with 2x22µF, 4x22 µF or 4x47 µF ceramic capacitors and an input of 12V. 250 2x22uF 225 4x22uF 200 4x47uF 175 150 125 100 75 50 1 1.25 1.5 1.75 2 Output Voltage (Vdc) Output Filtering The SLIN-50E1AL modules are designed for low output ripple voltage and will meet the maximum output ripple specification with 0.1 µF ceramic and 10 µF ceramic capacitors at the output of the module. However, additional output filtering may be required by the system designer for a number of reasons. First, there may be a need to further reduce the output ripple and noise of the module. Second, the dynamic response characteristics may need to be customized to a particular load step change. To reduce the output ripple and improve the dynamic response to a step load change, additional capacitance at the output can be used. Low ESR polymer and ceramic capacitors are recommended to improve the dynamic response of the module. For stable operation of the module, limit the capacitance to less than the maximum output capacitance as specified in the electrical specification table. Optimal performance of the module can be achieved by using the Tunable Loop feature described later in this data sheet. The figure below shows the output ripple voltage for various output voltages with external 2x10µF, 2x47 µF, 4x47 µF or 8x47 µF ceramic capacitors at the input voltage of 12V. 80 2x10uF Ext Cap Ripple (mVp-p) 70 2x47uF Ext Cap 4x47uF Ext Cap 60 8x47uF Ext Cap 50 40 30 20 10 0 1 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2 Output Voltage(Volts) Bel Fuse Inc. 206 Van Vorst Street, Jersey City, NJ 07302 • Tel 201-432-0463 • Fax 201-432-9542 • www.belfuse.com 12 NON-ISOLATED DC/DC CONVERTERS 4.5 Vdc - 14 Vdc Input, 0.7 Vdc – 2 Vdc /50 A Outputs Bel Power Inc., a subsidiary of Bel Fuse Inc. February 18, 2011 Safety Considerations For safety agency approval the power module must be installed in compliance with the spacing and separation requirements of the end-use safety agency standards, i.e., UL 60950-1 2nd Edition, CSA C22.2 No. 60950-1-07, DIN EN 60950-1:2006 + A11 (VDE0805 Teil 1 + A11):2009-11; EN 60950-1:2006 + A11:2009-03. For the converter output to be considered meeting the requirements of safety extra-low voltage (SELV), the input must meet SELV requirements. The power module has extra-low voltage (ELV) outputs when all inputs are ELV. The input to these units is to be provided with a fast acting fuse with a maximum rating of 30A in the positive input lead. Remote On/Off Parameter Signal Low (Unit On) Signal High (Unit Off) Active Low Min -0.3 Typ - Max 0.6 Unit V 3.0 - Vin,max V Notes The remote on/off pin open, Unit off. The SLIN-50E1AL power modules feature an On/Off pin for remote On/Off operation. If not using the On/Off pin, connect the pin to ground (the module will be ON). The On/Off signal (Von/off) is referenced to ground. The circuit configuration for remote On/Off operation of the module using the On/Off pin is shown below. During a Logic High on the On/Off pin (transistor Q1 is OFF), the module remains OFF. The external resistor R1 should be chosen to maintain 3.0V minimum on the On/Off pin to ensure that the module is OFF when transistor Q1 is in the OFF state. Suitable values for R1 are 4.7K for input voltage of 12V and 3K for 5Vin. During LogicLow when Q1 is turned ON, the module is turned ON. The On/Off pin can also be used to synchronize the output voltage start-up and shutdown of multiple modules in parallel. By connecting On/Off pins of multiple modules, the output start-up can be synchronized (please refer to characterization curves). Over Current Protection To provide protection in a fault (output overload) condition, the unit should be equipped with internal current-limiting circuitry and can endure current limiting continuously. At the point of current-limit inception, the unit enters hiccup mode. The unit operates normally once the output current is brought back into its specified range. VIN+ MODULE R1 PWM Enable I ON/OFF ON/OFF + VON/OFF 5.11K Q1 5.11K GND _ Remote On/Off Implementation using ON/OFF Bel Fuse Inc. 206 Van Vorst Street, Jersey City, NJ 07302 • Tel 201-432-0463 • Fax 201-432-9542 • www.belfuse.com 13 NON-ISOLATED DC/DC CONVERTERS 4.5 Vdc - 14 Vdc Input, 0.7 Vdc – 2 Vdc /50 A Outputs Bel Power Inc., a subsidiary of Bel Fuse Inc. February 18, 2011 Over Temperature Protection To provide protection in a fault condition, the unit is equipped with a thermal shutdown circuit. The unit will shutdown if the over temperature threshold of 125°C is exceeded at the thermal reference point Tref. The thermal shutdown is not intended as a guarantee that the unit will survive temperatures beyond its rating. Once the unit goes into thermal shutdown it will then wait to cool before attempting to restart. Input Under-voltage Lockout At input voltages below the input under voltage lockout limit, the module operation is disabled. The module will begin to operate at an input voltage above the under voltage lockout turn-on threshold. Output Voltage Programming The output voltage of the SLIN-50E1AL can be programmed to any voltage from 0.7Vdc to 2.0Vdc by connecting a single resistor (shown as Rtrim in the figure below) between Trim+ and Trim- pins of the module. The following equation will be used to set the output voltage of the module: ⎡ 14000 ⎤ Ω Rtrim = ⎢ ⎣Vo − 0.7 ⎥⎦ Rtrim is the external resistor in Ω Vo is the desired output voltage By using a ±0.5% tolerance trim resistor with a TC of ±100ppm, a set point tolerance of ±1.5% can be achieved as specified in the electrical specification. Table 1 provides Rtrim values required for some common output voltages. Table 1 VO, set (V) 0.7 1.0 1.2 1.5 1.8 Rtrim (KΩ) Open 46.6 28 17.5 12.7 V IN(+) V O(+) ON/OFF TRIM+ Vout LOAD R trim TRIM− GND Circuit configuration to program output voltage using an external resistor Bel Fuse Inc. 206 Van Vorst Street, Jersey City, NJ 07302 • Tel 201-432-0463 • Fax 201-432-9542 • www.belfuse.com 14 NON-ISOLATED DC/DC CONVERTERS 4.5 Vdc - 14 Vdc Input, 0.7 Vdc – 2 Vdc /50 A Outputs Bel Power Inc., a subsidiary of Bel Fuse Inc. February 18, 2011 Remote Sense The SLIN-50E1AL power modules have differential Remote Sense to minimize the effects of distribution losses by regulating the voltage at the Remote Sense pin. The voltage between the SENSE pin and VOUT pin must not exceed 0.5V. Note that the output voltage of the module cannot exceed the specified maximum value. This includes the voltage drop between the SENSE and Vout pins. When the Remote Sense feature is not being used, connect the SENSE pin to the VOUT pin. Voltage Margining Output voltage margining can be implemented in the SLIN-50E1AL modules by connecting a resistor, Rmargin-up, from the Trim pin to the ground pin for margining-up the output voltage and by connecting a resistor, Rmargin-down, from the Trim pin to output pin for margining-down. The figure below shows the circuit configuration for output voltage margining. Vo Rmargin-down MODULE Q2 TRIM+ Rmargin-up Rtrim Q1 TRIM– Circuit Configuration for margining Output voltage Monotonic Start-up and Shutdown The SLIN-50E1AL modules have monotonic start-up and shutdown behavior for any combination of rated input voltage, output current and operating temperature range. Startup into Pre-biased Output The SLIN-50E1AL modules can start into a prebiased output as long as the prebias voltage is 0.5V less than the set output voltage. Note that prebias operation is not supported when output voltage sequencing is used. Bel Fuse Inc. 206 Van Vorst Street, Jersey City, NJ 07302 • Tel 201-432-0463 • Fax 201-432-9542 • www.belfuse.com 15 NON-ISOLATED DC/DC CONVERTERS 4.5 Vdc - 14 Vdc Input, 0.7 Vdc – 2 Vdc /50 A Outputs February 18, 2011 Bel Power Inc., a subsidiary of Bel Fuse Inc. Output Voltage Sequencing The SLIN-50E1AL modules include a sequencing feature that enables users to implement various types of output voltage sequencing in their applications. This is accomplished via an additional sequencing pin. When not using the sequencing feature, leave it unconnected. When an analog voltage is applied to the SEQ pin, the output voltage tracks this voltage until the output reaches the set-point voltage. The final value of the SEQ voltage must be set higher than the set-point voltage of the module. The output voltage follows the voltage on the SEQ pin on a one-to-one basis. By connecting multiple modules together, multiple modules can track their output voltages to the voltage applied on the SEQ pin. For proper voltage sequencing, first, input voltage is applied to the module. The On/Off pin of the module is left unconnected or tied to GND so that the module is ON by default. After applying input voltage to the module, a minimum 10msec delay is required before applying voltage on the SEQ pin. Alternatively, input voltage can be applied while the unit is OFF and then the unit can be enabled. In this case the SEQ signal must be applied 10ms after the unit is enabled. This delay gives the module enough time to complete its internal power-up soft-start cycle. During the delay time, the SEQ pin may be held to ground. After the 10msec delay, an analog voltage is applied to the SEQ pin and the output voltage of the module will track this voltage on a one-to-one volt basis until the output reaches the set-point voltage. To initiate simultaneous shutdown of the modules, the SEQ pin voltage is lowered in a controlled manner. The output voltage of the modules tracks the voltages below their set-point voltages on a one-to-one basis. A valid input voltage must be maintained until the tracking and output voltages reach ground potential. When using the sequencing feature to control start-up of the module, pre-bias immunity during start-up is disabled. The pre-bias immunity feature of the module relies on the module being in the diode-mode during startup. When using the sequencing feature, modules goes through an internal set-up time of 10msec, and will be in synchronous rectification mode when the voltage at the SEQ pin is applied. This will result in the module sinking current if a pre-bias voltage is present at the output of the module. When pre-bias immunity during start-up is required, the sequencing feature must be disabled. For additional guidelines on using the sequencing feature please contact the Bel Power technical representatives for additional information. Power Good The SLIN-50E1AL modules provide a Power Good (PGOOD) signal to indicate that the output voltage is within the regulation limits of the power module. The PGOOD signal will be de-asserted to a low state if any condition such as over-temperature, over-current or loss of regulation occurs that would result in the output voltage going ±12.5% outside the set point value. The PGOOD terminal is internally pulled-up and provides a voltage of ~5V, when asserted, thus eliminating the need for an external source and pull-up resistor. Bel Fuse Inc. 206 Van Vorst Street, Jersey City, NJ 07302 • Tel 201-432-0463 • Fax 201-432-9542 • www.belfuse.com 16 NON-ISOLATED DC/DC CONVERTERS 4.5 Vdc - 14 Vdc Input, 0.7 Vdc – 2 Vdc /50 A Outputs February 18, 2011 Bel Power Inc., a subsidiary of Bel Fuse Inc. Active Load Sharing For additional power requirements, the SLIN-50E1AL power module is also available with a parallel option. Up to five modules can be configured, in parallel, with active load sharing. Good layout techniques should be observed when using multiple units in parallel. To implement forced load sharing, the following connections should be made: • The share pins of all units in parallel must be connected together. The path of these connections should be as direct as possible. • All remote-sense pins should be connected to the power bus at the same point, i.e., connect all the SENSE(+) pins to the (+) side of the bus. Close proximity and directness are necessary for good noise immunity. Some special considerations apply for design of converters in parallel operation: • When sizing the number of modules required for parallel operation, take note of the fact that current sharing has some tolerance. In addition, under transient conditions such as a dynamic load change and during startup, all converter output currents will not be equal. To allow for such variation and avoid the likelihood of a converter shutting off due to a current overload, the total capacity of the paralleled system should be no more than 75% of the sum of the individual converters. As an example, for a system of four SLIN-50E1AL converters in parallel, the total current drawn should be less that 75% of (4 x 50A), i.e. less than 150A. • All modules should be turned on and off together. This is so that all modules come up at the same time avoiding the problem of one converter sourcing current into the other leading to an over current trip condition. To ensure that all modules come up simultaneously, the on/off pins of all paralleled converters should be tied together and the converters enabled and disabled using the on/off pin. • The share bus is not designed for redundant operation and the system will be non-functional upon failure of one of the unit when multiple units are in parallel. In particular, if one of the converters shuts down during operation, the other converters may also shut down due to their outputs hitting current limit. In such a situation, unless a coordinated restart is ensured, the system may never properly restart since different converters will try to restart at different times causing an overload condition and subsequent shutdown. This situation can be avoided by having an external output voltage monitor circuit that detects a shutdown condition and forces all converters to shut down and restart together. Tunable LoopTM The SLIN-50E1AL modules have a new feature that optimizes transient response of the module called Tunable LoopTM. External capacitors are usually added to the output of the module for two reasons: to reduce output ripple and noise and to reduce output voltage deviations from the steady-state value in the presence of dynamic load current changes. Adding external capacitance however affects the voltage control loop of the module, typically causing the loop to slow down with sluggish response. Larger values of external capacitance could also cause the module to become unstable. The Tunable LoopTM allows the user to externally adjust the voltage control loop to match the filter network connected to the output of the module. The Tunable LoopTM is implemented by connecting a series R-C between the SENSE and TRIM pins of the module. This R-C allows the user to externally adjust the voltage loop feedback compensation of the module. Bel Fuse Inc. 206 Van Vorst Street, Jersey City, NJ 07302 • Tel 201-432-0463 • Fax 201-432-9542 • www.belfuse.com 17 NON-ISOLATED DC/DC CONVERTERS 4.5 Vdc - 14 Vdc Input, 0.7 Vdc – 2 Vdc /50 A Outputs Bel Power Inc., a subsidiary of Bel Fuse Inc. February 18, 2011 Tunable LoopTM (continued) VOUT SENSE+ RTUNE MODULE CTUNE CO1 TRIM+ RTrim TRIMGND SENSE- Circuit diagram showing connection of RTUNE and CTUNE to tune the control loop of the module Recommended values of RTUNE and CTUNE for different output capacitor combinations are given in Tables 2 and 3. Table 2 shows the recommended values of RTUNE and CTUNE for different values of ceramic output capacitors up to 1000uF that might be needed for an application to meet output ripple and noise requirements. Selecting RTUNE and CTUNE according to Table 2 will ensure stable operation of the module. In applications with tight output voltage limits in the presence of dynamic current loading, additional output capacitance will be required. Table 3 lists recommended values of RTUNE and CTUNE in order to meet 2% output voltage deviation limits for some common output voltages in the presence of a 25A to 50A step change (50% of full load), with an input voltage of 12V. Table 2.General recommended values of RTUNE and CTUNE for Vin=12V and various external ceramic capacitor combinations. CO RTUNE CTUNE 1 x 47uF 2x47uF 330 330 330pF 560pF 4x47uF 330 1200pF 6x47uF 10 x 47uF 20 x 47uF 330 270 270 1800pF 2200pF 5600pF Table 3.Recommended values of RTUNE and CTUNE to obtain transient deviation of ≤2% of Vout for a 25A step load with Vin=12V. VO 1.8V 5x47uF + 8x330uF polymer 1.2V 5x47uF + 13x330uF polymer 0.7V 5x47uF + 22x330uF polymer RTUNE 220 180 100 CTUNE ⎠V 47nF 35mV 120nF 23mV 330nF 14mV CO Bel Fuse Inc. 206 Van Vorst Street, Jersey City, NJ 07302 • Tel 201-432-0463 • Fax 201-432-9542 • www.belfuse.com 18 NON-ISOLATED DC/DC CONVERTERS 4.5 Vdc - 14 Vdc Input, 0.7 Vdc – 2 Vdc /50 A Outputs Bel Power Inc., a subsidiary of Bel Fuse Inc. February 18, 2011 Thermal Considerations Power modules operate in a variety of thermal environments; however, sufficient cooling should always be provided to help ensure reliable operation. Considerations include ambient temperature, airflow, module power dissipation, and the need for increased reliability. A reduction in the operating temperature of the module will result in an increase in reliability. The thermal data presented here is based on physical measurements taken in a wind tunnel. The test set-up is shown below. 25.4_ (1.0) Wind Tunnel PWBs Power Module 76.2_ (3.0) x 12.7_ (0.50) Probe Location for measuring airflow and ambient temperature Air flow Thermal Test Setup The thermal reference points, Tref used in the specifications is shown below. For reliable operation the temperatures at this point should not exceed 125oC. The output power of the module should not exceed the rated power of the module (Vo,set x Io,max). Preferred airflow direction and location of hot-spot of the module (Tref). Bel Fuse Inc. 206 Van Vorst Street, Jersey City, NJ 07302 • Tel 201-432-0463 • Fax 201-432-9542 • www.belfuse.com 19 NON-ISOLATED DC/DC CONVERTERS 4.5 Vdc - 14 Vdc Input, 0.7 Vdc – 2 Vdc /50 A Outputs Bel Power Inc., a subsidiary of Bel Fuse Inc. February 18, 2011 Example Application Circuit Requirements: Vin: Vout: Iout: ΔVout: Vin, ripple 12V 1.8V 37.5A max., worst case load transient is from 25A to 37.5A 1.5% of Vout (27mV) for worst case load transient 1.5% of Vin (180mV, p-p) Vin+ VIN PGOOD Vout+ VOUT SENSE+ RTUNE SEQ + CI2 CI1 MODULE ON/OFF CO1 + CO2 CTUNE TRIM+ RTrim TRIM- GND SESENSE- CI1 CI2 CO1 CO2 CTune RTune RTrim 4x22μF/16V ceramic capacitor (e.g. Murata GRM32ER61C226KE20) 200μF/16V bulk electrolytic 5x47μF/6.3V ceramic capacitor (e.g. Murata GRM31CR60J476ME19) 8x 330μF/6.3V Polymer (e.g. Sanyo Poscap) 47nF ceramic capacitor (can be 1206, 0805 or 0603 size) 220 ohms SMT resistor (can be 1206, 0805 or 0603 size) 12.7kΩ SMT resistor (can be 1206, 0805 or 0603 size, recommended tolerance of 0.1%) Bel Fuse Inc. 206 Van Vorst Street, Jersey City, NJ 07302 • Tel 201-432-0463 • Fax 201-432-9542 • www.belfuse.com 20 NON-ISOLATED DC/DC CONVERTERS 4.5 Vdc - 14 Vdc Input, 0.7 Vdc – 2 Vdc /50 A Outputs February 18, 2011 Bel Power Inc., a subsidiary of Bel Fuse Inc. Mechanical Outline Bel Fuse Inc. 206 Van Vorst Street, Jersey City, NJ 07302 • Tel 201-432-0463 • Fax 201-432-9542 • www.belfuse.com 21 NON-ISOLATED DC/DC CONVERTERS 4.5 Vdc - 14 Vdc Input, 0.7 Vdc – 2 Vdc /50 A Outputs February 18, 2011 Bel Power Inc., a subsidiary of Bel Fuse Inc. Mechanical Outline (continued) Recommended Pad Layout Pin Define pin# function 1 VIN 2 GND 3 VOUT 4 VOUT 5 GND 6 VIN 7 SEQ 8 PGOOD 9 ON/OFF 10 VS- 11 VS+ 12 +TRIM 13 –TRIM 14 SHARE Dimensions are in millimeters and (inches). Tolerances: x.x mm ± 0.5 mm (x.xx in. ± 0.02 in.) [Unless otherwise indicated] x.xx mm ± 0.25 mm (x.xxx in ± 0.010 in.) Bel Fuse Inc. 206 Van Vorst Street, Jersey City, NJ 07302 • Tel 201-432-0463 • Fax 201-432-9542 • www.belfuse.com 22 NON-ISOLATED DC/DC CONVERTERS 4.5 Vdc - 14 Vdc Input, 0.7 Vdc – 2 Vdc /50 A Outputs Bel Power Inc., a subsidiary of Bel Fuse Inc. February 18, 2011 Packaging Details The SLIN-50E1AL modules are supplied in tape & reel as standard. All Dimensions are in millimeters and (in inches). Reel Dimensions: Outside Dimensions: Inside Dimensions: Tape Width: 330.2 mm (13.00’’) 177.8 mm (7.00”) 56.00 mm (2.20”) Bel Fuse Inc. 206 Van Vorst Street, Jersey City, NJ 07302 • Tel 201-432-0463 • Fax 201-432-9542 • www.belfuse.com 23 NON-ISOLATED DC/DC CONVERTERS 4.5 Vdc - 14 Vdc Input, 0.7 Vdc – 2 Vdc /50 A Outputs February 18, 2011 Bel Power Inc., a subsidiary of Bel Fuse Inc. Surface Mount Information Pick and Place The SLIN-50E1AL modules use an open frame construction and are designed for a fully automated assembly process. The modules are fitted with a label designed to provide a large surface area for pick and place operations. The label meets all the requirements for surface mount processing, as well as safety standards, and is able to withstand reflow temperatures of up to 300oC. The label also carries product information such as part number and serial number. Pick and Place Location. Nozzle Recommendations The module weight has been kept to a minimum by using open frame construction. Even so, these modules have a relatively large mass when compared to conventional SMT components. Variables such as nozzle size, tip style, vacuum pressure and pick & placement speed should be considered to optimize this process. The minimum recommended inside nozzle diameter for reliable operation is 3mm. The maximum nozzle outer diameter, which will safely fit within the allowable component spacing, is 5 mm max. Bottom Side Assembly This module is not recommended for assembly on the bottom side of a customer board. If such an assembly is attempted, components may fall off the module during the second reflow process. If assembly on the bottom side is planned, please contact Bel Power for special manufacturing process instructions. Lead Free Soldering The SLIN-50E1AL modules are lead-free (Pb-free) and RoHS compliant and are both forward and backward compatible in a Pb-free and a SnPb soldering process. Failure to observe the instructions may result in the failure of or cause damage to the modules and can adversely affect long-term reliability. Bel Fuse Inc. 206 Van Vorst Street, Jersey City, NJ 07302 • Tel 201-432-0463 • Fax 201-432-9542 • www.belfuse.com 24 NON-ISOLATED DC/DC CONVERTERS 4.5 Vdc - 14 Vdc Input, 0.7 Vdc – 2 Vdc /50 A Outputs Bel Power Inc., a subsidiary of Bel Fuse Inc. February 18, 2011 Surface Mount Information (Continued) Pb-free Reflow Profile Power Systems will comply with J-STD-020 Rev. C (Moisture/Reflow Sensitivity Classification for Nonhermetic Solid State Surface Mount Devices) for both Pb-free solder profiles and MSL classification procedures. This standard provides a recommended forced-air-convection reflow profile based on the volume and thickness of the package. The suggested Pb-free solder paste is Sn/Ag/Cu (SAC). The recommended linear reflow profile using Sn/Ag/Cu solder is shown below. Per J-STD-020 Rev. C 300 Peak Temp 260°C Reflow Temp (°C) 250 Cooling Zone 4°C/Second 200 * Min. Time Above 235°C 15 Seconds 150 100 *Time Above 217°C 60 Seconds Heating Zone 1°C/Second 50 0 Reflow Time (Seconds) Note: Soldering outside of the recommended profile requires testing to verify results and performance. Tin Lead Soldering The SLIN-50E1AL power modules are lead free modules and can be soldered either in a lead-free solder process or in a conventional Tin/Lead (Sn/Pb) process. It is recommended that the customer review data sheets in order to customize the solder reflow profile for each application board assembly. The following instructions must be observed when soldering these units. Failure to observe these instructions may result in the failure of or cause damage to the modules, and can adversely affect long-term reliability. In a conventional Tin/Lead (Sn/Pb) solder process peak reflow temperatures are limited to less than 235oC. Typically, the eutectic solder melts at 183oC, wets the land, and subsequently wicks the device connection. Sufficient time must be allowed to fuse the plating on the connection to ensure a reliable solder joint. There are several types of SMT reflow technologies currently used in the industry. These surface mount power modules can be reliably soldered using natural forced convection, IR (radiant infrared), or a combination of convection/IR. For reliable soldering the solder reflow profile should be established by accurately measuring the modules CP connector temperatures. 300 240 P eak Temp 235oC REFLOW TEMP (°C) 200 Co o ling zo ne 1-4oCs -1 Heat zo ne max 4oCs -1 150 100 50 So ak zo ne 30-240s Tlim above 205oC P reheat zo ne max 4oCs -1 MAX TEMP SOLDER (°C) 235 250 230 225 220 215 210 205 200 0 0 REFLOW TIME (S) Reflow Profile for Tin/Lead (Sn/Pb) process 10 20 30 40 50 60 Time Limit Curve Above 205oC Reflow for Tin Lead (Sn/Pb) process Bel Fuse Inc. 206 Van Vorst Street, Jersey City, NJ 07302 • Tel 201-432-0463 • Fax 201-432-9542 • www.belfuse.com 25 NON-ISOLATED DC/DC CONVERTERS 4.5 Vdc - 14 Vdc Input, 0.7 Vdc – 2 Vdc /50 A Outputs February 18, 2011 Bel Power Inc., a subsidiary of Bel Fuse Inc. Surface Mount Information (Continued) MSL Rating The SLIN-50E1AL modules have a MSL rating of 2. Storage and Handling The recommended storage environment and handling procedures for moisture-sensitive surface mount packages is detailed in J-STD-033 Rev. A (Handling, Packing, Shipping and Use of Moisture/Reflow Sensitive Surface Mount Devices). Moisture barrier bags (MBB) with desiccant are required for MSL ratings of 2 or greater. These sealed packages should not be broken until time of use. Once the original package is broken, the floor life of the product at conditions of <= 30°C and 60% relative humidity varies according to the MSL rating (see J-STD-033A). The shelf life for dry packed SMT packages will be a minimum of 12 months from the bag seal date, when stored at the following conditions: < 40° C, < 90% relative humidity. Post Solder Cleaning and Drying Considerations Post solder cleaning is usually the final circuit-board assembly process prior to electrical board testing. The result of inadequate cleaning and drying can affect both the reliability of a power module and the testability of the finished circuit-board assembly. Bel Fuse Inc. 206 Van Vorst Street, Jersey City, NJ 07302 • Tel 201-432-0463 • Fax 201-432-9542 • www.belfuse.com 26 NON-ISOLATED DC/DC CONVERTERS 4.5 Vdc - 14 Vdc Input, 0.7 Vdc – 2 Vdc /50 A Outputs Bel Power Inc., a subsidiary of Bel Fuse Inc. February 18, 2011 Revision History Date Revision 2011-2-15 A Changes Detail Approval First release T. Bubriski RoHS Compliance Complies with the European Directive 2002/95/EC, calling for the elimination of lead and other hazardous substances from electronic products. ©2011 Bel Fuse Inc. Specifications subject to change without notice. 021811 27 CORPORATE FAR EAST EUROPE Bel Fuse Inc. 206 Van Vorst Street Jersey City, NJ 07302 Tel 201-432-0463 Fax 201-432-9542 www.belfuse.com Bel Fuse Ltd. 8F/ 8 Luk Hop Street San Po Kong Kowloon, Hong Kong Tel 852-2328-5515 Fax 852-2352-3706 www.belfuse.com Bel Fuse Europe Ltd. Preston Technology Management Centre Marsh Lane, Suite G7, Preston Lancashire, PR1 8UD, U.K. Tel 44-1772-556601 Fax 44-1772-888366 www.belfuse.com