FEATURES High efficiency: 95% @ 12Vin, 5V/30A out (SIP) Small size and low profile: 50.8x12.7x14.0 mm (2.00”x0.50”x0.55”) Standard footprint Pre-bias startup Output voltage tracking No minimum load required Voltage and resistor-based trim Output voltage programmable from 0.8Vdc to 5.5Vdc via external resistor Fixed frequency operation Input UVLO, Output OTP, OCP Remote ON/OFF Remote sense Current sharing (optional) ISO 9000, TL 9000, ISO 14001 certified manufacturing facility UL/cUL 60950-1 (US & Canada) recognized Delphi Series DNK12, Non-Isolated, Point of Load DC/DC Power Modules: 6~14Vin, 0.8V~5.5V/30Aout The Delphi series DNK12, 6V~14V input, single output, non-isolated point of load DC/DC converters are the latest offering from a world leader in power systems technology and manufacturing -- Delta Electronics, Inc. The DNK12 series provides a programmable output voltage from 0.8V to 5.5V by using an external resistor. The DNK converters have flexible and programmable tracking and sequencing features to enable a variety of startup voltages as well as sequencing and tracking between power modules. This product family is available in a surface mount or SIP package and provides up to 30A of current in an industry standard footprint. With creative design technology and optimization of component placement, these converters possess outstanding electrical and thermal APPLICATIONS performance and extremely high reliability under highly stressful Telecom / DataCom operating conditions. Distributed power architectures Servers and workstations LAN / WAN applications Data processing applications DATASHEET DS_DNK12SIP_06042012 Delta Electronics, Inc. TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS TA = 25°C, airflow rate = 300 LFM, Vin = 10Vdc and 14Vdc, nominal Vout unless otherwise noted. PARAMETER NOTES and CONDITIONS DNK12S0A0R30 Min. ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS Input Voltage (Continuous) Tracking Voltage Operating Ambient Temperature Storage Temperature INPUT CHARACTERISTICS Operating Input Voltage Input Under-Voltage Lockout Turn-On Voltage Threshold Turn-Off Voltage Threshold Maximum Input Current No-Load Input Current Off Converter Input Current Inrush Transient Recommended Input Fuse OUTPUT CHARACTERISTICS Output Voltage Set Point Output Voltage Adjustable Range Over Load Total Output Voltage Range Output Voltage Ripple and Noise Peak-to-Peak RMS Output Current Range Output Voltage Over-shoot at Start-up Output DC Current-Limit Inception DYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS Dynamic Load Response Positive Step Change in Output Current Negative Step Change in Output Current Setting Time to 10% of Peak Deviation Turn-On Transient Start-Up Time, From On/Off Control Start-Up Time, From Input Output Voltage Rise Time Maximum Output Startup Capacitive Load EFFICIENCY Vo=0.8V Vo=1.2V Vo=1.5V Vo=1.8V Vo=2.5V Vo=3.3V Vo=5.0V FEATURE CHARACTERISTICS Switching Frequency ON/OFF Control, (Negative logic) Logic Low Voltage Logic High Voltage Logic Low Current Logic High Current Tracking Slew Rate Capability Tracking Delay Time Tracking Accuracy Remote Sense Range GENERAL SPECIFICATIONS MTBF Weight Over-Temperature Shutdown (Hot Spot) Over-Temperature Shutdown (NTC Resistor) Typ. 0 0 -40 -55 Vo<=3.3V Vo>3.3V 6 8.3 12 12 Max. Units 15 Vin,max 85 125 Vdc Vdc °C °C 14 14 V V 5.2 4.8 Vin=Vin,min to Vin,max, Io=Io,max 27 150 25 Vin=12V Vin= 10.2~13.8V, Io=Io,min to Io,max 40 1 50 With a 1% trim resistor Io=Io,min to Io,max Over sample load, line and temperature 5Hz to 20MHz bandwidth with 0.01uF//0.1uF//10uF ceramic Vo<=2.5V, Io=Io,max Vo=3.3V, Io=Io,max Vo=5V, Io=Io,max Vin= Vin,min to Vin,max, Io=Io,max -1.5 0.8 -0.4 -3.0 0 Vin=12V, Turn on Hiccup mode Vo,set +1.5 5.5 0.4 +3.0 % Vo,set V % Vo,set % Vo,set 25 50 75 100 mV mV mV mV A % Vo,set % Io 8 30 3 160 10µF Tan & 1µF ceramic load cap, 1A/µs, 5Vout 50% Io,max to 100% Io,max 100% Io,max to 50% Io,max 350 350 25 Io=Io.max Von/off, Vo=10% of Vo,set Vin=Vin,min, Vo=10% of Vo,set Time for Vo to rise from 10% to 90% of Vo,set Full load; ESR ≧1mΩ Full load; ESR ≧10mΩ 3 3 4 2000 10000 Vin=12V, Io=Io,max Vin=12V, Io=Io,max Vin=12V, Io=Io,max Vin=12V, Io=Io,max Vin=12V, Io=Io,max Vin=12V, Io=Io,max Vin=12V, Io=Io,max Module On, Von/off Module Off, Von/off Module On, Ion/off Module Off, Ion/off Vin= Vin,min to Vin,max, Io=Io,min to Io,max, Vseq<Vo Delay from Vin.min to application of tracking voltage Power-up, subject to 2V/mS Power-down, subject to 1V/mS V V A mA mA A2S A mV mV µs ms ms ms µF µF 82 85 89 90.5 93 94 95 % % % % % % % 300 kHz -0.3 3 0.2 1.2 Vin,max 10 1 2 10 100 200 200 400 0.5 V V uA mA V/msec ms mV mV V 5.42 10 M hours grams Refer to Figure 43 for Hot spot location (12Vin,80%Io, 200LFM,Airflow from Pin1 to Pin13) 133 °C Refer to Figure 43 for NTC resistor location 130 °C Io=Io,max, Ta=25℃ Note: Please attach thermocouple on NTC resistor to test OTP function, the hot spot’s temperature is just for reference. DS_DNK12SIP_06042012 2 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS CURVES Figure 1: Converter efficiency vs. output current (0.8V output voltage) Figure 2: Converter efficiency vs. output current (1.2V output voltage) Figure 3: Converter efficiency vs. output current (1.5V output voltage) Figure 4: Converter efficiency vs. output current (1.8V output voltage) Figure 5: Converter efficiency vs. output current (2.5V output voltage) Figure 6: Converter efficiency vs. output current (3.3V output voltage) DS_DNK12SIP_06042012 3 Figure 7: Converter efficiency vs. output current (5V output voltage) Figure 8: Output ripple & noise at 12Vin, 0.8V/30A out 20mV/div, 2uS/div Figure 9: Output ripple & noise at 12Vin, 1.2V/30A out 20mV/div, 2uS/div Figure 10: Output ripple & noise at 12Vin, 1.5V/30A out 20mV/div, 2uS/div Figure 11: Output ripple & noise at 12Vin, 1.8V/30A out Figure 12: Output ripple & noise at 12Vin, 2.5V/30A out 20mV/div, 2uS/div 20mV/div, 2uS/div DS_DNK12SIP_06042012 4 Figure 13: Output ripple & noise at 12Vin, 3.3V/30A out 20mV/div, 2uS/div Figure 14: Output ripple & noise at 12Vin, 5V/30A out 20mV/div, 2uS/div Figure 15: Turn on delay time at 12vin, 0.8V/30A out Top: 0.5V/div, 2ms/div, Bottom: 10V/div, 2ms/div Figure 16: Turn on delay time at 12vin, 1.2V/30A out Top: 1V/div, 2ms/div, Bottom: 10V/div, 2ms/div Figure 17: Turn on delay time at 12vin, 3.3V/30A out Top: 2V/div, 2ms/div, Bottom: 10V/div, 2ms/div Figure 18: Turn on delay time at 12vin, 5V/30A out Top: 5V/div, 2ms/div, Bottom: 10V/div, 2ms/div DS_DNK12SIP_06042012 5 Figure 19: Turn on delay time at Remote On/Off, 0.8V/30A out Top: 0.5V/div, 2ms/div, Bottom: 10V/div, 2ms/div Figure 20: Turn on delay time at Remote On/Off, 1.2V/30A out Top: 1V/div, 2ms/div, Bottom: 10V/div, 2ms/div Figure 21: Turn on delay time at Remote On/Off, 3.3V/30A out Top: 2V/div, 2ms/div, Bottom: 10V/div, 2ms/div Figure 22: Turn on delay time at Remote On/Off, 5V/30A out Top: 5V/div, 2ms/div, Bottom: 10V/div, 2ms/div Figure 23: Typical transient response to step load change at 1A/µS from 25% to 75% of Io, max at 12Vin, 0.8V out (Cout = 1uF ceramic, 10µF tantalum) Top:100mV/div, 50uS/div, Bottom: 20A/div, 50uS/div Figure 24:Typical transient response to step load change at 1A/µS from 25% to 75% of Io, max at 12Vin, 1.2V out (Cout = 1uF ceramic, 10µF tantalum) Top:100mV/div, 50uS/div, Bottom: 20A/div, 50uS/div DS_DNK12SIP_06042012 6 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS CURVES Figure 25: Typical transient response to step load change at 5A/µS from 25% to 75% of Io, max at 12Vin, 3.3V out (Cout = 1uF ceramic, 10µF tantalum) Top:100mV/div, 50uS/div, Bottom: 20A/div, 50uS/div Figure 26:Typical transient response to step load change at 5A/µS from 25% to 75% of Io, max at 12Vin, 5V out (Cout = 1uF ceramic, 10µF tantalum) Top:100mV/div, 50uS/div, Bottom: 20A/div, 50uS/div Figure 27: Output short circuit current 12Vin, 1.2Vout Top: 1V/div, 5ms/div, Bottom: 20A/div, 5ms/div Figure 28: Output short circuit current 12Vin, 3.3Vout Top: 1V/div, 5ms/div, Bottom: 20A/div, 5ms/div Figure 29: Turn on with Prebias 12Vin,0.8V/0A out, Vbias =0.5Vdc Top: 0.5V/div, 2ms/div, Bottom: 5V/div, 2ms/div Figure 30: Turn on with Prebias 12Vin,1.2V/0A out, Vbias =0.79Vdc Top: 1V/div, 2ms/div, Bottom: 5V/div, 2ms/div DS_DNK12SIP_06042012 7 Figure 31: Turn on with Prebias 12Vin,3.3V/0A out, Vbias =2.2Vdc Top: 2V/div, 2ms/div, Bottom: 5V/div, 2ms/div Figure 32: Turn on with Prebias 12Vin, 5V/0A out, Vbias =3.3Vdc Top: 2V/div, 2ms/div, Bottom: 5V/div, 2ms/div DS_DNK12SIP_06042012 8 TEST CONFIGURATIONS DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS Safety Considerations TO OSCILLOSCOPE L VI(+) 2 100uF Tantalum BATTERY VI(-) Note: Input reflected-ripple current is measured with a simulated source inductance. Current is measured at the input of the module. For safety-agency approval the power module must be installed in compliance with the spacing and separation requirements of the end-use safety agency standards. For the converter output to be considered meeting the requirements of safety extra-low voltage (SELV), the input must meet SELV requirements. The power module has extra-low voltage (ELV) outputs when all inputs are ELV. The input to these units is to be provided with a maximum 50A of glass type fast-acting fuse in the ungrounded lead. Figure 33: Input reflected-ripple test setup COPPER STRIP Input Source Impedance Vo 1uF 10uF SCOPE tantalum ceramic Resistive Load GND The power module should be connected to a low ac-impedance input source. Highly inductive source impedances can affect the stability of the module. An input capacitance must be placed close to the modules input pins to filter ripple current and ensure module stability in the presence of inductive traces that supply the input voltage to the module. Note: Use a 10µF tantalum and 1µF capacitor. Scope measurement should be made using a BNC connector. Figure 34: Peak-peak output noise and startup transient measurement test setup CONTACT AND DISTRIBUTION LOSSES VI Vo Io I LOAD SUPPLY GND CONTACT RESISTANCE Figure 35: Output voltage and efficiency measurement test setup Note: All measurements are taken at the module terminals. When the module is not soldered (via socket), place Kelvin connections at module terminals to avoid measurement errors due to contact resistance. η =( Vo × Io ) × 100 % Vi × Ii DS_DNK12SIP_06042012 9 FEATURES DESCRIPTIONS FEATURES DESCRIPTIONS (CON.) Remote On/Off Distribution Losses Distribution Losses Vin Vo The DNK series power modules have an On/Off pin for remote On/Off operation. Only negative On/Off logic option is available in the DNK series power modules. Sense RL For negative logic module, the On/Off pin is suggested to be pulled high with an external pull-up resistor (see figure 36). Negative logic On/Off signal turns the module OFF during logic high and turns the module ON during logic low. If the negative On/Off function is not used, leave the pin floating or tie to GND. (module will be On) GND Distribution Losses Distribution Losses Figure 37: Effective circuit configuration for remote sense operation Vo Vin Rpull-up Output Voltage Programming ION/OFF On/Off RL Figure 36: Negative remote On/Off implementation The output voltage of the DNK can be programmed to any voltage between 0.8Vdc and 5.5Vdc by connecting one resistor (shown as Rtrim in Figure 38) between the TRIM and GND pins of the module. Without this external resistor, the output voltage of the module is 0.8 Vdc. To calculate the value of the resistor Rtrim for a particular output voltage Vo, please use the following equation: Over-Current Protection Rtrim := To provide protection in an output over load fault condition, the unit is equipped with internal over-current protection. When the over-current protection is triggered, the unit enters hiccup mode. The units operate normally once the fault condition is removed. Rtrim is the external resistor in Ω Vo is the desired output voltage GND 1200 − 100 ⋅ Ω Vo − 0.80 Vo Over-Temperature Protection The over-temperature protection consists of circuitry that provides protection from thermal damage. If the temperature exceeds the over-temperature threshold the module will shut down. The module will restart once the temperature is within specification RLoad TRIM Rtrim GND Remote Sense The DNK provide Vo remote sensing to achieve proper regulation at the load points and reduce effects of distribution losses on output line. In the event of an open remote sense line, the module shall maintain local sense regulation through an internal resistor. Figure 38: Circuit configuration for programming output voltage using an external resist DS_DNK12SIP_06042012 10 FEATURES DESCRIPTIONS (CON.) FEATURES DESCRIPTIONS (CON.) Table 1 provides Rtrim values required for some common output voltages. By using a 0.5% tolerance trim resistor, set point tolerance of ±1.5% can be achieved as specified in the electrical specification. Voltage Tracking Table 1 VO (V) 0.8 1.2 1.5 1.8 2.5 3.3 5.0 Rtrim (Ω) Open 2900 1614 1100 606 380 185.7 By connecting multiple modules together, customers can get multiple modules to track their output voltages to the voltage applied on the TRACK pin. Voltage Margining Output voltage margining can be implemented in the DNK modules by connecting a resistor, R margin-up, from the Trim pin to the ground pin for margining-up the output voltage and by connecting a resistor, Rmargin-down, from the Trim pin to the output pin for margining-down. Figure 39 shows the circuit configuration for output voltage margining. If unused, leave the trim pin unconnected. A calculation tool is available from the evaluation procedure which computes the values of R margin-up and Rmargin-down for a specific output voltage and margin percentage. Vin The DNK family was designed for applications that have output voltage tracking requirements during power-up and power-down. The devices have a TRACK pin to implement three types of tracking method: sequential, simultaneous and ratio-metric. TRACK simplifies the task of supply voltage tracking in a power system by enabling modules to track each other, or any external voltage, during power-up and power-down. The DNK family has option code A for TRACK function. The output voltage Track characteristic can be achieved when the output voltage of PS2 follows the output voltage of PS1 on a volt-to-volt basis. Vo Rmargin-down Q1 On/Off Figure 40: Simultaneous tracking Trim Rmargin-up Rtrim Q2 GND Figure 39: Circuit configuration for output voltage margining Simultaneous tracking (Figure 40) is implemented by using a voltage divider around the TRACK pin. The objective is to minimize the voltage difference between the power supply outputs during power up and down. For type A (DNX0A0XXXX A), the simultaneous tracking can be accomplished by connecting VoPS1 to the TRACK pin of PS2 where the voltage divider is inside the PS2. DS_DNK12SIP_06042012 11 THERMAL CONSIDERATIONS Thermal management is an important part of the system design. To ensure proper, reliable operation, sufficient cooling of the power module is needed over the entire temperature range of the module. Convection cooling is usually the dominant mode of heat transfer. THERMAL CURVES NTC RESISTOR AIRFLOW Hence, the choice of equipment to characterize the thermal performance of the power module is a wind tunnel. HOT SPOT Thermal Testing Setup Delta’s DC/DC power modules are characterized in heated vertical wind tunnels that simulate the thermal environments encountered in most electronics equipment. This type of equipment commonly uses vertically mounted circuit cards in cabinet racks in which the power modules are mounted. The following figure shows the wind tunnel characterization setup. The power module is mounted on a test PWB and is vertically positioned within the wind tunnel. The height of this fan duct is constantly kept at 25.4mm (1’’). Figure 43: * Hot spot& NTC resistor temperature measured points. Output Current (A) DNK12S0A0R30(standard) Output Current vs. Ambient Temperature and Air Velocity @Vin=12V Vout=0.8V (Through PCB Orientation) 30 25 Natural Convection 20 100LFM 200LFM 15 300LFM 400LFM 10 500LFM Thermal Derating 5 Heat can be removed by increasing airflow over the module. To enhance system reliability, the power module should always be operated below the maximum operating temperature. If the temperature exceeds the maximum module temperature, reliability of the unit may be affected. 600LFM 0 25 30 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 Ambient Temperature (℃) Figure 44: Output current vs. ambient temperature and air velocity @ Vin=12V, Vout=0.8V (Through PCB Orientation, Airflow from Pin1 to Pin13) PWB FANCING PWB 35 DNK12S0A0R30(standard) Output Current vs. Ambient Temperature and Air Velocity @Vin=12V Vout=1.8V (Through PCB Orientation) Output Current (A) MODULE 30 25 Natural Convection 20 100LFM AIR VELOCITY AND AMBIENT TEMPERATURE SURED BELOW THE MODULE 200LFM 50.8(2.00") 15 AIR F LOW 300LFM 10 400LFM 500LFM 5 600LFM 0 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 Ambient Temperature (? ) Note: Wind Tunnel Test Setup Figure Dimensions are in millimeters and (Inches) Figure 42: Wind tunnel test setup Figure 45: Output current vs. ambient temperature and air velocity @ Vin=12V, Vout=1.8V (Through PCB Orientation, Airflow from Pin1 to Pin13) DS_DNK12SIP_06042012 12 THERMAL CURVES DNK12S0A0R30(standard) Output Current vs. Ambient Temperature and Air Velocity @Vin=12V Vout=3.3V (Through PCB Orientation) Output Current (A) 30 25 Natural Convection 20 100LFM 15 200LFM 300LFM 10 400LFM 500LFM 5 600LFM 0 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 Ambient Temperature (? ) Figure 46: Output current vs. ambient temperature and air velocity @ Vin=12V, Vout=3.3V (Through PCB Orientation, Airflow from Pin1 to Pin13) DNK12S0A0R30(standard) Output Current vs. Ambient Temperature and Air Velocity @Vin=12V Vout=5.0V (Through PCB Orientation) Output Current (A) 30 25 Natural Convection 20 100LFM 15 200LFM 300LFM 10 400LFM 500LFM 5 600LFM 0 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 Ambient Temperature (℃) Figure 47: Output current vs. ambient temperature and air velocity @ Vin=12V, Vout=5.0V (Through PCB Orientation, Airflow from Pin1 to Pin13) DS_DNK12SIP_06042012 13 MECHANICAL DRAWING Note: All pins are copper alloy with Matte-tin(Pb free) plated over Nickel underplating. DS_DNK12SIP_06042012 14 PART NUMBERING SYSTEM DNK Product Family 12 S Input Voltage 0A0 Number of Outputs DNK - 30A 12 - 6.0V ~ 14V S - Single R 30 N On/Off Output Voltage Package Type Output Current 0A0 Programmable R - SIP 30 - 30A F A Option Code Logic N - Negative F- RoHS 6/6 (Lead Free) A - Standard Function w/o current sharing Space - RoHs B - with current sharing 5/6 MODEL LIST Model Name Package Input Voltage Output Voltage Output Current Efficiency 12Vin, 5Vout @ full load DNK12S0A0R30NFA SIP 6.0V ~ 14Vdc 0.8V ~ 5.0Vdc 30A 95% DNK12S0A0R30N A SIP 6.0V ~ 14Vdc 0.8V ~ 5.0Vdc 30A 95% CONTACT: www.delta.com.tw/dcdc USA: Telephone: East Coast: 978-656-3993 West Coast: 510-668-5100 Fax: (978) 656 3964 Email: [email protected] Europe: Phone: +41 31 998 53 11 Fax: +41 31 998 53 53 Email: [email protected] Asia & the rest of world: Telephone: +886 3 4526107 ext 6220 Fax: +886 3 4513485 Email: [email protected] WARRANTY Delta offers a two (2) year limited warranty. Complete warranty information is listed on our web site or is available upon request from Delta. Information furnished by Delta is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, no responsibility is assumed by Delta for its use, nor for any infringements of patents or other rights of third parties, which may result from its use. No license is granted by implication or otherwise under any patent or patent rights of Delta. Delta reserves the right to revise these specifications at any time, without notice. DS_DNK12SIP_06042012 15