White Paper Samsung PM853T SSD for mail servers Exceptional performance and cost-efficiency specifically designed for mail server use 2 Reduce mail server maintenance costs while satisfying workload demands Keep mail servers running smoothly and TCO low with high-performance Samsung SSDs workloads pose the biggest challenge to data center mail servers that Typically, traditional HDDs have been used for data centers but more Storage requirements for email servers can vary depending on the recently data centers are migrating to SSDs to boost performance, email size, number of emails, type and number of users. While small save space and reduce maintenance costs, resulting in an overall departmental email servers may need limited storage and features, reduction in total cost of ownership (TCO). Data centers are realizing large corporate ones require greater storage capacity and a high the benefits of SSDs in mail server applications in particular. level of availability, performance and scalability. Of course, the server Mail servers are used in virtually all businesses and are responsible for communication within and outside organizations. Communications include mail traffic, Short Message Service (SMS) and a variety of other messaging. Whether using laptops, mobile phones or tablets, employees need to access company resources through the Internet wherever they may be. Data centers that continue to use HDDs for their mail servers are finding poor latency rates due to the drives' spinning magnetic disks and the mechanical action of their head arms, which create a delay in data retrieval and ultimately slow down the speed of the entire system. The latency rate of HDDs is measured in tens of milliseconds to hundreds of milliseconds compared to microseconds with SSDs. The Input/Output (I/O) bottleneck with most mail servers is caused still use HDDs. workload varies depending on the number of users, and the size of the emails and their attachments. Transactions performed by the users mainly include writing new emails (write), reading emails (read), replying to existing ones (append) and deleting them (write). All these transactions happen in parallel, and vary in size and volume. Often a single mail server will provide mail server solutions to several organizations of various sizes and process multiple transactions a day. For example, if a mail server supports ten thousand users, the server must be able to process ten thousand transactions a second, placing a higher demand on HDDs. From a user experience (UX) perspective, the user expects to be able to send, read or delete emails within a one-second mouse click; hence the need for ten thousand transactions per second when serving ten thousand users. by high disk queuing. And, as the number of I/O workloads pending Samsung has developed the PM853T SSD specifically tailored to on the device queue bottlenecks, the disk queuing increases thereby meet taxing mail server volume demands while reducing TCO. reducing the system performance as a whole. As a result, heavy 3 Compare the performance of the Samsung PM853T SSD to a typical data center HDD Weigh the advantages of the Samsung PM853T SSD server operations simultaneously with ten thousand users sending In order to accurately test the performance of its PM853T SSD in a real mail server scenario, Samsung tested it against an HDD that is widely used in the data center field. To simulate real-world workloads and actual mail server traffic, Samsung used the popular mail server benchmarking tool Postmark™,1 widely used by various SSD and receiving mail every second. Each user had two gigabytes of mail capacity. Plus, all performance measurements were executed under the steady state of the SSD rather than in the Fresh Out of the Box (FOB) state, which typically has a much higher write performance than later on. manufacturers and other Original Equipment Manufacturer (OEM) When compared with typical data center HDDs, the Samsung vendors to benchmark their SSDs in the mail server environment. PM853T SSDs delivered higher transactions per second (TPS), Postmark performs operations such as read, append, create and less procurement costs, lower power consumption, higher storage delete, replicating real-world scenarios. capacity and a higher endurance rating. Samsung used four threads of the Postmark tool to simulate the assumed workloads of four organizations performing random mail Test Environment System Configuration Host Interface Proccssor Used Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU E5-2690 v2 @ 3.00GHz Motherboard HP, ProLiant DL380p Gen8 NO.of CPU 40 RAM 256 GB OS RHEL 7.0, 3.10.0-123.6.3.el7x86_64 Mode AHCI Size 960GB Model MZ-7GE960 Firmware EXT0303Q Conneeted as Secondary Storage (ext4 File system) Size 1 TB Model ST91000640NS Connected as Secondary Storage (ext4 File system) SSD HDD RAID RAID 5 with 8 HDDs / SSDs Tool Postmark v1.5 Table 1. Mail server test environment 4 Generate higher throughput regardless of the transaction volume Maintain high TPS rates during workload fluctuations Total TPS Comparison 4000 In the TPS tests under a Postmark workload, the Samsung PM853T SSDs produced overwhelmingly superior performance in transaction The graph in Figure 1 depicts the total TPS for all transactions and 3000 Total TPS processing capabilities compared with the HDDs. 3460 2000 1000 detailed TPS in each thread of eight Samsung PM853T SSDs and 452 eight data center HDDs in a Redundant Array of Independent Disk 0 (RAID) 5 environment for all mail server workloads. The results demonstrate that the PM853T SSDs performed 7.6 times faster than TPS Comparison in Each Thread the HDDs in a mail server environment. 1200 1029 These results further demonstrated that the PM853T SSDs are able 900 much higher throughputs in spite of the increasing number of initial emails from 50K to 500K, concluding that the PM853T SSDs are the preferred choice for mail servers. TPS to accept all transactions that can be generated by different kinds of organizations. In addition, the PM853T SSDs steadily showed 896 769 766 600 300 115 115 116 106 0 50K 100K 200K 500K Number of Inltial Mails Data center HDD Samsung PM853T SSD Figure 1. Completion time and TPS comparison between the PM853T and the data center HDD 5 Lower TCO with less procurement costs Process more transactions with less equipment outlays In order for a data center to run profitably, it needs to store as much Samsung SSDs Setup Required HDDs Quantity Approx. Cost Quantity Approx. Cost Number of devices 24 $21,5762 184 $46,0003 Number of Servers needed 1 $6,5294 1 $6,529 Number of Enclosures needed 0 $0 7 $23,7935 storage setup, performance test results were 3,460 TPS. To fulfill the External HBAs needed 0 $0 1 $7996 performance requirement of 10K TPS, 3* (10K TPS / 3,460 TPS) are Total Cost - $28,105 - $77,121 data on a drive as possible to reduce costly device expenditures. That's why the PM853T SSD is the ideal option for reducing procurement costs when compared with HDDs. To put these costs into perspective, it would take 184 HDDs to achieve ten thousand TPS data management functions compared to only 24 PM853T SSDs. The reason being is that HDDs can typically perform only 452 TPS. However, when PM853T SSDs were installed using a RAID 5 needed for RAID 5 storage. Since each RAID 5 storage setup consists of 8 SSDs, a total of 24 PM853T SSDs are needed, compared with a total of 184 HDDs necessary to fulfill the same performance Table 2. Approximate procurement costs of a mail server setup with SSDs versus HDDs* requirements. * Please note : These figures are merely approximations and can vary * The exact value of 2.8 has been rounded up for practical usage purposes. depending on the equipment usaed and the manufacturers. For example, in the previously discussed user scenario, with 10K HDD Configuration users and assuming each user has stored a large amount of the 2 GB of space on the server, the total space needed would be 20 TB. Using the RAID 5 setup, 24 SSDs would provide nearly 20 TB, which 9 HDDs would satisfy the storage requirements. On the other hand, 184 HDDs 25 HDDs provide approximately 155 TB of space, which is considerably more space than required to meet the needs of the 10K users. Therefore, 25 HDDs mail server data centers only need to procure the storage capacity 25 HDDs they need when choosing SSDs. 25 HDDs In addition, to house 184 HDDs in a RAID 5 configuration, only 25 25 HDDs HDDs would able to be placed in a server. The remaining HDDs 25 HDDs would need to be housed in seven disk enclosures, with 25 HDDs in each enclosure. Using this setup, the data center would still need Disk Enclosuse Server 25 HDDs to purchase an external RAID controller to be able to connect the disk enclosures to the server, further increasing TCO. Since a typical SSD Configuration server can house up to 25 SSDs, a mail server can be configured with just one server using SSDs.The estimated procurement costs for setting up the below HDD and SSD mail servers are shown in Table 2. 24 SSDs Server 6 Reduce power consumption and maintain a high endurance rating Save costs with the highly power-efficient PM853T SSD Usually, HDDs consume more power than SSDs because of their mechanical disk movements. A typical data center HDD consumes 5.21 Watts in one hour whereas the Samsung PM853T SSD consumes just 3.25 W in an hour,7 which equates to nearly 40 percent8 less power consumption than the data center HDD. In addition, HDDs generally generate more heat than SSDs due to their moving parts. Considering that 70 percent of actual power consumed by both SSDs and HDDs is needed for cooling purposes,9 clearly a large amount of Taking these statistics into consideration, the total amount of data bytes written to an SSD in the mail server environment with 10K users is approximately 295 GB of data written to 24 SSDs in the mail server setup per day. Factoring in that the write endurance limit of the PM853T is 1.1 TB a day per SSD in an email server, the actual data written is close to 295 GB per day, which is much less than the maximum limit. These calculations conclude that the PM853T SSD has high endurance and is able to sustain the writes needed in a mail server scenario. energy is devoted to cooling an HDD alone. Parameters Number of Devices Needed Procurement Cost (Devices, Servers, Enclosures) Data Center HDD Samsung PM853T SSD Leverage performance and efficiency in an SSD that lowers TCO 184 24 In summation, when compared with a traditional HDD, the Samsung PM853T SSD provides higher random I/O throughput with less $77,121 $28,105 Power Consumption Cost on Devices (5 Years) $5,038.61 $409.97 Cooling Power Consumption Cost on Devices (5 Years) $3,527.03 $286.98 $85,686.64 $28,801.95 TCO response time at a lower cost. In addition, the PM853T SSD is physically denser, costs less per gigabyte in the long term and consumes less energy. The PM853T also supports a significantly higher transaction rate than HDDs, which improved overall throughput Table 3. TCO comparison of PM853T and data center HDD and the user experience (UX). Along with the impressive comparisons, the PM853T boasts innovative features such as an advanced Error-Correcting Code (ECC) engine, enhanced end-to-end data security, power-loss protection, a host of SMART features, thermal throttling and full support for robust storage architecture. Sustain write performance with high endurance rates Normally, the endurance rate of an SSD is determined in terms of Drive Writes Per Day (DWPD). DWPD for a PM853T SSD with a mail server workload is 1.2. This clearly conveys that the maximum of 1.1 TB (1.2 x 960 GB) per day can be written to a PM853T SSD for a 5-year warranty period. According to statistical research performed The Samsung PM853T SSD is engineered to meet the high performance demands of mail servers, while simultaneously reducing power and cooling costs, resulting in effectively reducing TCO. Factoring in all these benefits, it is clear why the Samsung PM853T SSD is the smart choice for mail server applications. by a well-known firm, the average number of emails sent and received All data and test results aforementioned in this brochure were by a user per day in a corporate organization is 12110 with the average determined within a Samsung data lab and are subject to change mail size considered to be 256 KB. based on varying conditions and their specific circumstances. 7 Technical Specification Samsung PM853T Capacity 240 GB, 480 GB, 960 GB is available Application Mixed and read-centric usages are recommended Weight 63 g (2.22 oz) Dimensions (L x W x H) 100.2 ± 0.25 x 69.85 ± 0.25 x 6.8 ± 0.2 mm (3.94 ± 0.01 x 2.75 ± 0.01 x 0.27 ± 0.01 in.) Interface Serial ATA 6 Gbps (Compatible with SATA 3 Gbps and STAT 1.5 Gbps) Form factor 2.5 inch NAND flash memory Samsung 19nm toggle 3-bit MLC NAND For the thickness size, drive label thickness was included Host transfer : 600 MB/s Sequential read : Up to 530 MB/s Sequential write : Up to 410 MB/s (480 GB, 960 GB) Performance Up to 270 MB/s (240 GB) Random read : Max. 87,000 IOPS (4 KB, QD 32) Random write : Max. 15,000 IOPS (960 GB) Max. 13,000 IOPS (480 GB) Max. 12,000 IOPS (240 GB) Quality of service (99.9%) 4 KB, QD = 1 Read : 0.2 ms / Write : 4 ms 4 KB, QD = 32 Read : 0.6 ms / Write : 7 ms Read (4 KB) 115 us (240 GB. 480 GB), 110 us (960 GB) Write (4 KB) 65 us (240 GB), 55 us (480 GB), 50 us (960 GB) Latency Reliability 1,500,000 hours Mean Time Between Failures (MTBF) Terabytes written (Best / Worst) 240 GB : 695 TB / 165 TB 480 GB : 1,390 TB / 330 TB 960 GB : 2,780 TB / 665 TB Power consumption Temperature Active read / write : 2.6 Watt / 3.4 Watt Idle : 1.1 Watt Operating : 0°C to 70°C (32°F to 158°F) Non-operating : -55°C to 95°C (-67°F to 203°F) Humidity 5% to 95%, non-condensing Vibration 7 ~ 800 Hz, 3.08 Grms, 30 min / axis (X,Y,Z) Shock 1,500 G, duration 0.5 m sec, Half Shin Wave Certification BSMI, KCC, VCCI, C-Tick, FCC, IC, UL, TUV, and CV 8 Legal and additional information Postmark is a trademark of Wildbit, LLC. About Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. 1. Postmark Tool, http://www.filesystems.org/docs/auto-pilot/Postmark. html ; Postmark Tool Instructions, http://www.dartmouth.edu/~davidg/ postmark_instructions.html Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. inspires the world and shapes the 2. SSD Cost http://www.samsung.com/us/business/computing/solidstate-drives/MZ-7GE960EW digital appliances, printers, medical equipment, network systems and 3. HDD Cost, http://www.seagate.com/products/enterpriseservers-storage/nearline-storage/enterprise-capacity-2-5hdd/?sku=ST91000640NS through, among others, our Digital Health and Smart Home initiatives. 4. Server Cost, http://shopping1.hp.com/is-bin/INTERSHOP.enfinity/ WFS/WW-USSMBPublicStore-Site/en_US/-/USD/ViewProductDetail-Star t;pgid=jDJwlVlq2W9SR0Yk2kO1Yuen0000Zj4hdWXm;sid=tc2lsVXpL8um sQHf1Gi5OI3mZ8OdwJCItms=?ProductUUID=aqIQ7EN5WfgAAAFGMVk TA48g&CatalogCategoryID=.o8Q7hacfswAAAE1A3ITSTR8 blog at global.samsungtomorrow.com. 5. HP D2700 Disk Enclosure Cost, http://shopping1.hp.com/is-bin/ INTERSHOP.enfinity/WFS/WW-USSMBPublicStore-Site/en_US/-/USD/ ViewProductDetail-Start?ProductUUID=aVcQ7EN5m9EAAAEtBhJVIOI9& CatalogCategoryID=jPEQ7habWNcAAAEyqIE8nozl&JumpTo=OfferList 6. External HBA Controller Cost, http://shopping1.hp.com/is-bin/ INTERSHOP.enfinity/WFS/WW-USSMBPublicStore-Site/en_US/-/USD/ ViewProductDetail-Start?ProductUUID=zS0Q7EN5DC0AAAEy6yFLuIs_& CatalogCategoryID= 7. HDD Power Management, Data Sheet Design Small and Deliver BIG— 2.5-Inch, Eco-Friendly Nearline Drive http://www.seagate.com/wwwcontent/product-content/constellation-fam/constellation/constellation-2/ en-us/docs/constellation2-fips-ds1719-4-1207us.pdf 8. SSD Power Management, SAMSUNG SSD 845DC EVO OUTSTANDING PERFORMANCE AND RELIABILITY SPECIFICALLY ENGINEERED FOR DATA CENTER USE, in Specifications Page-6 http:// www.samsung.com/us/system/consumer/product/mz/7g/e9 9. SynJet: Low-Power “Green” Cooling in Data Center Cooling costs Page-2 http://www.nuventix.com/files/uploaded_files/Low%20 Power%20Cooling.pdf future with transformative ideas and technologies, redefining the worlds of TVs, smartphones, wearable devices, tablets, cameras, semiconductors. We are also leading in the Internet of Things space We employ 307,000 people across 84 countries. To discover more, please visit our official website at www.samsung.com and our official For more information For more information about Samsung SSD PM853T for mail servers, visit www.samsung.com/business/ssd or www.samsungssd.com Copyright © 2015 Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Samsung is a registered trademark of Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. Specifications and designs are subject to change without notice. Nonmetric weights and measurements are approximate. All data were deemed correct at time of creation. Samsung is not liable for errors or omissions. All brand, product, service names and logos are trademarks and/or registered trademarks of their respective owners and are hereby recognized and acknowledged. Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. 416, Maetan 3-dong, Yeongtong-gu Suwon-si, Gyeonggi-do 443-772, Korea www.samsung.com 2015-07