VCNL3020 Datasheet

VCNL3020
www.vishay.com
Vishay Semiconductors
Fully Integrated Proximity Sensor with Infrared Emitter,
I2C Interface, and Interrupt Function
FEATURES
• Package type: surface mount
• Dimensions (L x W x H in mm): 4.90 x 2.40 x 0.83
• Integrated modules: infrared emitter (IRED),
proximity sensor (PD), and signal conditioning IC
• Interrupt function
• Supply voltage range VDD: 2.5 V to 3.6 V
• Supply voltage range IR anode: 2.5 V to 5 V
• Communication via I2C interface
IR anode
1
SDA
2
INT
3
SCL
4
VDD
5
10 IR cathode
• I2C bus H-level range: 1.7 V to 5 V
9
GND
• Floor life: 72 h, MSL 4, acc. J-STD-020
8
GND
• Low stand by current consumption: 1.5 μA
7
nc
6
nc
• Material categorization: for definitions of compliance
please see www.vishay.com/doc?99912
PROXIMITY FUNCTION
• Built-in infrared emitter and photo-pin-diode for proximity
function
DESCRIPTION
The VCNL3020 is a fully integrated proximity sensor. Fully
integrated means that the infrared emitter is included in the
package. It has 16 bit resolution. It includes a signal
processing IC and features standard I2C communication
interface. It features an interrupt function.
• 16 bit effective resolution for proximity detection range
ensures excellent cross talk immunity
• Programmable LED drive current from 10 mA to 200 mA in
10 mA steps
• Excellent ambient light suppression by signal modulation
APPLICATIONS
• Proximity distance up to 200 mm
• Proximity sensor for mobile devices (e.g. smart phones,
touch phones, PDA, GPS) for touch screen locking, power
saving, etc.
• Proximity / optical switch for consumer, computing and
industrial devices and displays
PRODUCT SUMMARY
PART NUMBER
VCNL3020
OPERATING
RANGE
(mm)
OPERATING
VOLTAGE RANGE
(V)
I2C BUS
VOLTAGE RANGE
(V)
LED PULSE
CURRENT (1)
(mA)
OUTPUT
CODE
ADC RESOLUTION
PROXIMITY /
AMBIENT LIGHT
1 to 200
2.5 to 3.6
1.7 to 5
10 to 200
16 bit, I2C
16 bit / -
PACKAGING
VOLUME (1)
Note
(1) Adjustable through I2C interface
ORDERING INFORMATION
ORDERING CODE
VCNL3020-GS08
VCNL3020-GS18
Sensor starter kit (2)
Tape and reel
-
MOQ: 3300 pcs
MOQ: 13 300 pcs
MOQ: 1 pc
REMARKS
4.90 mm x 2.40 mm x 0.83 mm
-
Notes
MOQ: minimum order quantity
(2) A sensor starter kit is available, along with an add-on demo board for each of the sensors.
Please visit www.vishay.com/moreinfo/vcnldemokit/ for more information.
Contact any catalog distributor or a local Vishay sales representative to purchase the sensor starter kit and contact
[email protected] to receive an add-on sensor board.
(1)
Rev. 1.2, 13-Aug-14
Document Number: 84150
1
For technical questions, contact: [email protected]
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ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS (Tamb = 25 °C, unless otherwise specified)
PARAMETER
SYMBOL
MIN.
MAX.
UNIT
Supply voltage
TEST CONDITION
VDD
-0.3
5.5
V
Operation temperature range
Tamb
-25
+85
°C
Storage temperature range
Tstg
-25
+85
°C
Ptot
50
mW
Tj
100
°C
Tamb ≤ 25 °C
Total power dissipation
Junction temperature
BASIC CHARACTERISTICS (Tamb = 25 °C, unless otherwise specified)
PARAMETER
MAX.
UNIT
Supply voltage VDD
TEST CONDITION
SYMBOL
2.5
3.6
V
Supply voltage IR anode
2.5
5
V
I2C Bus H-level range
1.7
5
V
INT H-level range
MIN.
TYP.
1.7
5
V
0.4
V
2
μA
INT low voltage
3 mA sink current
Current consumption
Standby current,
no IRED-operation
1.5
2 measurements per second,
IRED current 20 mA
5
μA
250 measurements per second,
IRED current 20 mA
520
μA
2 measurements per second,
IRED current 200 mA
35
μA
250 measurements per second,
IRED current 200 mA
4
mA
Current consumption
proximity mode incl. IRED
(averaged)
I2C clock rate range
fSCL
CIRCUIT BLOCK DIAGRAM
3400
kHz
TEST CIRCUIT
IRED
IR Anode 1
9 GND
Kodak gray card
(18 % reflectivity)
d = 20 mm
SDA 2
INT 3
30 mm x 30 mm
10 IR Cathode
VCNL 3020
ASIC
8 GND
SCL 4
VDD 5
7 nc
22300-3
Proxi PD
VCNL3020
IRED
Proxi-PD
6 nc
Note
• nc must not be electrically connected
Pads 6 and 7 are only considered as solder pads
Rev. 1.2, 13-Aug-14
Document Number: 84150
2
For technical questions, contact: [email protected]
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BASIC CHARACTERISTICS (Tamb = 25 °C, unless otherwise specified)
250
IIRED - Forward Current IRED (mA)
2.2
2.0
VDD = 3.6 V
VDD = 3.5 V
VDD = 3.3 V
VDD = 3.1 V
1.8
VDD = 2.5 V
VDD = 2.7 V
VDD = 2.9 V
1.6
1.4
1.2
1.0
- 50 - 30 - 10
10
30
50
70
90
200 mA
200
160 mA
120 mA
100 mA
80 mA
60 mA
50
40 mA
20 mA
0
- 60
- 20
20
60
100
140
Tamb - Ambient Temperature (°C)
22304
Fig. 4 - Forward Current vs. Temperature
2.4
1.1
Ie, rel - Relative Radiant Intensity
IDD - Supply Current Idle Mode (μA)
140 mA
100
Fig. 1 - Idle Current vs. Ambient Temperature
100 °C
2.2
2.0
80 °C
1.8
55 °C
1.6
25 °C
1.4
- 10 °C
1.2
- 40 °C
2.4
2.6
2.8
3.0
3.2
3.4
3.6
VDD - Supply Voltage (V)
22302
IF = 100 mA
1.0
0.9
0.8
0.7
0.6
0.5
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.1
1.0
0
750
3.8
22305
Fig. 2 - Idle Current vs. VDD
800
850
900
950
1000
1050
λ - Wavelength (nm)
Fig. 5 - Relative Radiant Intensity vs. Wavelength
0°
LED current 200 mA
10 000
1000
LED current 100 mA
100
LED current 20 mA
10
Media: Kodak gray card
Mod. frequency = 390 kHz
Irel - Relative Radiant Intensity
100 000
Proximity Value (cts)
180 mA
150
110
Tamb - Ambient Temperature (°C)
22301
VIRED = 2.5 V
20°
1.0
0.9
40°
0.8
0.7
60°
0.6
ϕ - Angular Displacement
IDD - Supply Current Idle Mode (μA)
2.4
80°
1
0.1
1
10
Fig. 3 - Proximity Value vs. Distance
Rev. 1.2, 13-Aug-14
0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 0
100
Distance to Reflecting Card (mm)
22306
Fig. 6 - Relative Radiant Intensity vs. Angular Displacement
Document Number: 84150
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0°
20°
0.9
0.8
0.7
0.6
0.5
0.4
0.3
0.2
1.0
0.9
40°
0.8
0.7
60°
0.6
ϕ - Angular Displacement
1.0
Srel - Relative Sensitivity
S(λ)rel - Relative Spectral Sensitivity
1.1
80°
0.1
0
400
500
600
700
800
900
0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 0
1000 1100
λ - Wavelength (nm)
22307
22308
Fig. 7 - Relative Spectral Sensitivity vs. Wavelength
(Proximity Sensor)
Fig. 8 - Relative Radiant Sensitivity vs. Angular Displacement
(Proximity Sensor)
APPLICATION INFORMATION
VCNL3020 is a cost effective solution of proximity sensor with I2C bus interface. The standard serial digital interface is easy to
access “Proximity Signal” without complex calculation and programming by external controller. Beside the digital output also
a flexible programmable interrupt pin is available.
1. Application Circuit
1.7 V to 5.0 V
2.5 V to 5.0 V
C1
C2
R2 R3 R4
22 μF 100 nF
2.5 V to 3.6 V
IR_Anode (1)
R1
10R
C4
C3
VDD (5)
10 μF 100 nF
VCNL3020
GND (8, 9)
Host
Micro Controller
INT (3)
GPIO
SCL (4)
SDA (2)
I2C Bus Clock SCL
I2C Bus Data SDA
22312-4
Fig. 9 - Application Circuit
(x) = Pin Number
Notes
• The interrupt pin is an open drain output. The needed pull-up resistor may be connected to the same supply voltage as the application
controller and the pull-up resistors at SDA/SCL. Proposed value R2 should be >1 kΩ , e.g. 10 kΩ to 100 kΩ.
Proposed value for R3 and R4, e.g. 2.2 kΩ to 4.7 kΩ, depend also on the I2C bus speed.
For detailed description about set-up and use of the interrupt as well as more application related information see AN: “Designing VCNL3020
into an Application”.
• IR_Cathode needs no external connection. The needed connection to the driver is done internally.
Rev. 1.2, 13-Aug-14
Document Number: 84150
4
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2. I2C Interface
The VCNL3020 contains seventeen 8 bit registers for operation control, parameter setup and result buffering. All registers are
accessible via I2C communication. Figure 13 shows the basic I2C communication with VCNL3020.
The built in I2C interface is compatible with all I2C modes (standard, fast, and high speed).
I2C H-level range = 1.7 V to 5 V.
Please refer to the I2C specification from NXP for details.
Send byte
S
Write command to VCNL3020
Slave address
Receive byte
Wr
A
Register address
Data byte
A
A
P
Read data from VCNL3020
S
Slave address
Wr
A
Register address
A
P
S
Slave address
Rd
A
Data byte
A
P
S = start condition
P = stop condition
A = acknowledge
Host action
22313-3
VCNL3020 response
Fig. 10 - Send Byte/Receive Byte Protocol
Device Address
Register Addresses
The VCNL3020 has a fix slave address for the host
programming and accessing selection. The predefined 7 bit
I2C bus address is set to 0010 011 = 13h. The least
significant bit (LSB) defines read or write mode. Accordingly
the bus address is set to 0010 011x = 26h for write, 27h for
read.
VCNL3020 has seventeen user accessible 8 bit registers.
The register addresses are 80h (register #0) to 90h
(register #16).
REGISTER FUNCTIONS
Register #0 Command Register
Register address = 80h
The register #0 is for starting proximity measurements. This register contains a flag bit for data ready indication.
TABLE 1 - COMMAND REGISTER #0
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
config_lock
n/a
prox_data_rdy
n/a
prox_od
n/a
prox_en
selftimed_en
Description
config_lock
prox_data_rdy
Read only bit. Value = 1
Read only bit. Value = 1 when proximity measurement data is available in the result registers. This bit will
be reset when one of the corresponding result registers (reg #7, reg #8) is read.
prox_od
R/W bit. Starts a single on-demand measurement for proximity.
Result is available at the end of conversion for reading in the registers #7(HB) and #8(LB).
prox_en
R/W bit. Enables periodic proximity measurement
selftimed_en
R/W bit. Enables state machine and LP oscillator for self timed measurements; no measurement is
performed until the corresponding bit is set
Note
• Beside prox_en first selftimed_en needs to be set. On-demand measurement mode is disabled if selftimed_en bit is set. For the selftimed_en
mode changes in reading rates (reg #2) can be made only when b0 (selftimed_en bit) = 0.
Rev. 1.2, 13-Aug-14
Document Number: 84150
5
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Register #1 Product ID Revision Register
Register address = 81h. This register contains information about product ID and product revision.
Register data value of current revision = 21h.
TABLE 2 - PRODUCT ID REVISION REGISTER #1
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Product ID
Bit 1
Bit 0
Bit 1
Bit 0
Revision ID
Description
Product ID
Read only bits. Value = 2
Revision ID
Read only bits. Value = 1
Register #2 Rate of Proximity Measurement
Register address = 82h.
TABLE 3 - PROXIMITY RATE REGISTER #2
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Rate of Proximity Measurement (no. of
measurements per second)
n/a
Description
Proximity rate
R/W bits.
000 - 1.95 measurements/s (DEFAULT)
001 - 3.90625 measurements/s
010 - 7.8125 measurements/s
011 - 16.625 measurements/s
100 - 31.25 measurements/s
101 - 62.5 measurements/s
110 - 125 measurements/s
111 - 250 measurements/s
Note
• If self_timed measurement is running, any new value written in this register will not be taken over until the mode is actualy cycled.
Register #3 LED Current Setting for Proximity Mode
Register address = 83h. This register is to set the LED current value for proximity measurement.
The value is adjustable in steps of 10 mA from 0 mA to 200 mA.
This register also contains information about the used device fuse program ID.
TABLE 4 - IR LED CURRENT REGISTER #3
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Fuse prog ID
IR LED current value
Fuse prog ID
Read only bits.
Information about fuse program revision used for initial setup/calibration of the device.
Bit 0
Description
IR LED current value
Rev. 1.2, 13-Aug-14
R/W bits. IR LED current = Value (dec.) x 10 mA.
Valid Range = 0 to 20d. e.g. 0 = 0 mA , 1 = 10 mA, …., 20 = 200 mA (2 = 20 mA = DEFAULT)
LED Current is limited to 200 mA for values higher as 20d.
Document Number: 84150
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Register #7 and #8 Proximity Measurement Result Register
Register address = 87h and 88h. These registers are the result registers for proximity measurement readings.
The result is a 16 bit value. The high byte is stored in register #7 and the low byte in register #8.
TABLE 5 - PROXIMITY RESULT REGISTER #7
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
Bit 1
Bit 0
Description
Read only bits. High byte (15:8) of proximity measurement result
TABLE 6 - PROXIMITY RESULT REGISTER #8
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Description
Read only bits. Low byte (7:0) of proximity measurement result
Register #9 Interrupt Control Register
Register address = 89h.
TABLE 7 - INTERRUPT CONTROL REGISTER #9
Bit 7
Bit 6
Int count exceed
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
n/a
INT_PROX_
ready_EN
n/a
INT_THRES_EN
INT_THRES_
SEL
Description
Int count exceed
INT_PROX_ready_EN
R/W bits. These bits contain the number of consecutive measurements needed above/below the
threshold
000 - 1 count = DEFAULT
001 - 2 count
010 - 4 count
011 - 8 count
100 -16 count
101 - 32 count
110 - 64 count
111 - 128 count
R/W bit. Enables interrupt generation at proximity data ready
INT_THRES_EN
R/W bit. Enables interrupt generation when high or low threshold is exceeded
INT_THRES_SEL
R/W bit. 0: thresholds are applied to proximity measurements
Rev. 1.2, 13-Aug-14
Document Number: 84150
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Register #10 and #11 Low Threshold
Register address = 8Ah and 8Bh. These registers contain the low threshold value. The value is a 16 bit word. The high byte is
stored in register #10 and the low byte in register #11.
TABLE 8 - LOW THRESHOLD REGISTER #10
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
Description
R/W bits. High byte (15:8) of low threshold value
TABLE 9 - LOW THRESHOLD REGISTER #11
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Description
R/W bits. Low byte (7:0) of low threshold value
Register #12 and #13 High Threshold
Register address = 8Ch and 8Dh. These registers contain the high threshold value. The value is a 16 bit word. The high byte is
stored in register #12 and the low byte in register #13.
TABLE 10 - HIGH THRESHOLD REGISTER #12
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
Bit 1
Bit 0
Description
R/W bits. High byte (15:8) of high threshold value
TABLE 11 - HIGH THRESHOLD REGISTER #13
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Description
R/W bits. Low byte (7:0) of high threshold value
Register #14 Interrupt Status Register
Register address = 8Eh. This register contains information about the interrupt status indicates if high or low going threshold
exceeded.
TABLE 12 - INTERRUPT STATUS REGISTER #14
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 5
n/a
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
int_prox_ready
n/a
int_th_low
int_th_hi
Description
int_prox_ready
R/W bit. Indicates a generated interrupt for proximity
int_th_low
R/W bit. Indicates a low threshold exceed
int_th_hi
R/W bit. Indicates a high threshold exceed
Note
• Once an interrupt is generated the corresponding status bit goes to 1 and stays there unless it is cleared by writing a 1 in the corresponding
bit. The int pad will be pulled down while at least one of the status bit is 1.
Rev. 1.2, 13-Aug-14
Document Number: 84150
8
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Register #15 Proximity Modulator Timing Adjustment
Register address = 8Fh.
TABLE 13 - PROXIMITY MODULATOR TIMING ADJUSTMENT #15
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Modulation delay time
Bit 3
Bit 2
Proximity frequency
Bit 1
Bit 0
Modulation dead time
Description
Modulation delay time
R/W bits. Setting a delay time between IR LED signal and IR input signal evaluation.
This function is for compensation of delays from IR LED and IR photo diode. Also in respect to the
possibility for setting different proximity signal frequency. Correct adjustment is optimizing measurement
signal level. ( DEFAULT = 0)
Proximity frequency
R/W bits. Setting the proximity IR test signal frequency
The proximity measurement is using a square IR signal as measurement signal. Four different values are
possible:
00 = 390.625 kHz (DEFAULT)
01 = 781.25 kHz
10 = 1.5625 MHz
11 = 3.125 MHz
Modulation dead time
R/W bits. Setting a dead time in evaluation of IR signal at the slopes of the IR signal. ( DEFAULT = 1)
This function is for reducing of possible disturbance effects.
This function is reducing signal level and should be used carefully.
Note
• The settings for best performance will be provided by Vishay. With first samples this is evaluated to:
delay time = 0; dead time = 1 and proximity frequency = 0. With that register#15 should be programmed with 1 (= default value).
Register #16 Ambient IR Light Level Register
Register address = 90h.
This register is not intended to be used by customer.
3. IMPORTANT APPLICATION HINTS AND EXAMPLES
3.1 Receiver standby mode
In standby mode the receiver has the lowest current consumption of about 1.5 μA. In this mode only the I2C interface is active.
This is always valid, when there are no proximity measurement demands executed. Also the current sink for the IR-LED is
inactive, so there is no need for changing register #3 (IR LED current).
3.2 Data Read
In order to get a certain register value, the register has to be addressed without data like shown in the following scheme. After
this register addressing, the data from the addressed register is written after a subsequent read command.
Receive byte
Read data from VCNL4020
S
Slave address
Wr
A
Register address
A
P
S
Slave address
Rd
A
Data byte
A
P
S = start condition
P = stop condition
A = acknowledge
Host action
VCNL4020 response
Fig. 11 - Send Byte/Receive Byte Protocol
The stop condition between these write and read sequences is not mandatory. It works also with a repeated start condition.
Note
• For reading out 2 (or more) subsequent registers like the result registers, it is not necessary to address each of the registers separately. After
one read command the internal register counter is increased automatically and any subsequent read command is accessing the next
register.
Rev. 1.2, 13-Aug-14
Document Number: 84150
9
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Example: read register “Proximity Result Register” #7 and #8:
Addressing:command: 26h, 87h (VCNL3020_I2C_Bus_Write_Adr., Proximity Result Register #7 [87])
Read register #7: command: 27h, data (VCNL3020_I2C_Bus_Read_Adr., {High Byte Data of Proximity Result register #7 [87])}
Read register #8: command: 27h, data (VCNL3020_I2C_Bus_Read_Adr., {Low Byte Data of Proximity Result register #8 [88])}
PACKAGE DIMENSIONS in millimeters
VDD
SCL
INT
Cathode
PD
Cathode
PD
VDD
SCL
Anode
Emitter
0 .8 3
4.15
VSS
technical drawings
according to DIN
specifications
0 .1 5
VSS
Anode
Emitter
Cathode
Emitter
Pinning Top view
1.62
INT
1.49
0.98
SDA
0.78
0.95
Cathode
Emitter
0.73
0 .2 4
0.3
0.65
0 .5 5
0.685
SDA
Pinning Bottom view
4x0.685= 2.74
Proposed PCB Footprint
( 4.9)
1.75
0.83
Rev. 1.2, 13-Aug-14
0.28
1.1
0.4
0 .2
0 .2
0.45
0.4
0 .8
Drawing refers to following types: VCNL3020
Drawing-No.: 6.550-5319 Issue: prel. 14. MAY 2012
( 2 .4 )
4.9
Not indicated tolerances ± 0.1
0.25
2 .4
1 .5
1 .2 7
0.37
0.4
0 .8
0.69
4x 0.685= 2.74
Document Number: 84150
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TAPE AND REEL DIMENSIONS in millimeters
Rev. 1.2, 13-Aug-14
Document Number: 84150
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SOLDER PROFILE
DRYPACK
300
Temperature (°C)
max. 260 °C
245 °C
255 °C
240 °C
217 °C
250
200
FLOOR LIFE
Floor life (time between soldering and removing from MBB)
must not exceed the time indicated on MBB label:
max. 30 s
150
Floor life: 72 h
max. 100 s
max. 120 s
Devices are packed in moisture barrier bags (MBB) to
prevent the products from moisture absorption during
transportation and storage. Each bag contains a desiccant.
Conditions: Tamb < 30 °C, RH < 60 %
100
max. ramp up 3 °C/s max. ramp down 6 °C/s
50
Moisture sensitivity level 4, acc. to J-STD-020.
DRYING
0
0
19841
50
100
150
200
250
300
Time (s)
Fig. 12 - Lead (Pb)-free Reflow Solder Profile acc. J-STD-020
Rev. 1.2, 13-Aug-14
In case of moisture absorption devices should be baked
before soldering. Conditions see J-STD-020 or label.
Devices taped on reel dry using recommended conditions
192 h at 40 °C (+ 5 °C), RH < 5 %.
Document Number: 84150
12
For technical questions, contact: [email protected]
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Revision: 02-Oct-12
1
Document Number: 91000