Data Sheet 27695B 5140 PROTECTED POWERHALL® SENSOR IC — LAMP/SOLENOID DRIVER The UGQ5140K unipolar Hall effect switch is a monolithic integrated circuit designed for magnetic actuation of low-power incandescent lamps or inductive loads such as relays or solenoids. Included on chip is a Darlington power output that is capable of continuously sinking in excess of 300 mA. Internal protection circuitry limits surge (lamp turn-ON) or fault currents to approximately 900 mA. A sensitive magnetic threshold allows the device to be used in conjunction with inexpensive magnets or in applications that require relatively large operating distances. X 1 2 3 4 OUTPUT DIODE GROUND CC SUPPLY V T C U D O R P only Each sensor IC/driver includes a magnetic sensing Hall voltage generator, operational amplifier, Schmitt trigger, voltage regulator, and an open-collector, high-gain Darlington power output stage. The regulator allows use of the device with supply voltages of 4.5 V to 28 V. On-chip compensation circuitry stabilizes switch-point performance over temperature. The magnetic operation of this device is similar to that of the A3141E— Hall-effect switch. The sensitive magnetic switch point coupled with the power output, current limiting, and thermal limiting circuitry allow the UGQ5140K to magnetically actuate various loads without requiring any external components. D e E c n U e N fer I T e r N r o O F C S — I D Dwg. PH-001 Pinning is shown viewed from branded side. ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS at TA = +25°C Supply Voltage, VCC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 V Reverse Battery Voltage, VRCC . . . . . -45 V Output OFF Voltage, VOUT . . . . . . . . . . 45 V Over-Current Protected Output Voltage, VOUT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 V Output ON Current, IOUT . . . . . . . 900 mA* Magnetic Flux Density, B . . . . . . Unlimited Package Power Dissipation, PD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . See Graph Operating Temperature Range, TA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -40°C to +85°C Storage Temperature Range, TS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -65°C to +150°C * Output is current limited at approximately 900 mA and junction temperature limited if current in excess of 900 mA is attempted. See Circuit Description and Applications for further information. The UGQ5140K is rated for operation over an extended temperature range of -40°C to +85°C. It is supplied in a four-pin mini-SIP plastic package, 0.200" (5.08 mm) wide, 0.130" (3.30 mm) high, and 0.060" (1.54 mm) thick. FEATURES ■ Magnetically Actuated Power Switch ■ Temperature-Compensated Switch Points ■ High Current-Sink Capability 300 mA Continuous 900 mA Peak Current Limit ■ Output Short-Circuit Protection ■ Low Quiescent Standby Current ■ Linear Thermal Limiting ■ Automotive Temperature Range -40°C to +85°C, Operating ■ Internal Inductive Flyback/Clamp Diode Protection ■ Reverse Battery Protection ■ Low-Profile 4-Pin Mini-SIP Always order by complete part number: UGQ5140K . 5140 PROTECTED POWERHALL® SENSOR IC: LAMP/SOLENOID DRIVER ALLOWABLE PACKAGE POWER DISSIPATION IN WATTS 1 VCC FUNCTIONAL BLOCK DIAGRAM REV. BATTERY PROTECTION 3 DIODE REG. X OUTPUT 2 THERMAL LIMIT CURRENT LIMIT <<1Ω 4 GROUND Dwg. FH-001 1.0 0.8 0.6 0.4 FREE AIR, RθJA = 177°C/W 0.2 0 -50 -25 25 0 50 75 100 125 150 AMBIENT TEMPERATURE IN °C Dwg. GH-001 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS at TA = -40°C to +85°C, VCC = 4.5 V to 24 V (unless otherwise noted). Characteristic Symbol Test Conditions Min. Limits Typ. Max. Units Supply Voltage Range VCC Operating 4.5 12 24 V Output Leakage Current IOUT VOUT = 24 V — <1.0 10 µA Output Sustaining Voltage VOUT(SUS) IOUT = 100 mA 35 — — V Output Saturation Voltage VOUT(SAT) IOUT = 300 mA, VCC = 24 V — 0.84 1.2 V VCC = VOUT = 12 V, B ≥ 500 G — 900 — mA Over-Current Limit ILIMIT Output Rise Time tr VCC = 12 V, VBB = 18 V, — 0.04 2.0 µs Output Fall Time tf RL = 1.1 kΩ, CL = 20 pF — 0.04 2.0 µs Supply Current ICC Output OFF — 5.5 10 mA Diode Forward Voltage VF IF = 300 mA — 1.1 1.5 V Diode Leakage Current IR VR = 35 V — <1.0 50 µA — 165 — °C Thermal Limit VCC = VOUT = 12 V, B ≥ 500 G, TLIMIT IOUT = 10 mA Typical Data is at TA = +25°C and is for design information only. MAGNETIC CHARACTERISTICS at VCC = 4.5 V to 24 V. TA = +25°C Characteristic TA = -40°C to +85°C Symbol Min. Typ. Max. Min. Typ. Max. Units Magnetic Operate Point BOP 70 155 200 45 — 240 G Magnetic Release point BRP 50 100 180 25 — 220 G Hysteresis Bhys 20 55 — 20 — — G 115 Northeast Cutoff, Box 15036 Worcester, Massachusetts 01615-0036 (508) 853-5000 W Copyright © 1991, 1995 Allegro MicroSystems, Inc. 5140 PROTECTED POWERHALL® SENSOR IC: LAMP/SOLENOID DRIVER TYPICAL OPERATING CHARACTERISTICS 1.0 1000 I OUT= 300 mA SATURATION VOLTAGE IN VOLTS PEAK CURRENT LIMIT IN mA 950 900 850 800 750 -40 -20 0 25 55 85 AMBIENT TEMPERATURE IN ° C 105 0.9 0.8 0.7 0.6 -40 125 -20 0 25 Dwg. GH-002A Dwg. GH-004 180 85 55 AMBIENT TEMPERATURE IN ° C 9.0 I OUT= 10 mA V CC = 12 V 160 SUPPLY CURRENT IN mA SWITCH POINT IN GAUSS 8.0 OPERATE POINT 140 120 100 80 OUTPUT ON I OUT= 10 mA 7.0 6.0 OUTPUT OFF RELEASE POINT -40 -20 0 25 AMBIENT TEMPERATURE IN °C 55 85 Dwg. GH-006A 5.0 -40 -20 0 25 AMBIENT TEMPERATURE IN °C 55 85 Dwg. GH-003A 5140 PROTECTED POWERHALL® SENSOR IC: LAMP/SOLENOID DRIVER TYPICAL TRANSFER CHARACTERISTICS at TA = +25°C The UGQ5140K merges state-of-the-art Hall effect sensing and power driving technologies to allow precision non-contact actuation of incandescent lamps or inductive loads. It is rated for operation over an extended temperature range as typically required in automotive applications. 15 OUTPUT VOLTAGE IN VOLTS 12 VBB B OP 9.0 MAGNETIC OPERATION 6.0 I OUT= 300 mA 3.0 B RP 0 CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION V OUT(SAT) 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 175 200 MAGNETIC FLUX DENSITY IN GAUSS Dwg. GH-007 As shown in the Transfer Characteristics graph, the output of the device (pin 2) switches low when the magnetic field at the Hall element exceeds the operate point threshold (BOP). At this point, the output voltage is VOUT(SAT). When the magnetic field is reduced to below the release point threshold (BRP), the device output goes high. The difference in the magnetic operate and release points is called the hysteresis (B H) of the part. This built-in hysteresis allows clean switching of the output even in the presence of external mechanical vibration and electrical noise. CURRENT AND THERMAL LIMITING Output short circuits may be caused by faulty connectors, crimped wiring harnesses, or blown loads. In such cases, current and thermal limit circuitry will protect the output transistor against destruction. Current through the output transistor is sensed with a low-value on-chip aluminum resistor. The voltage drop across this resistor is fed back to control the base drive of the output stage. This feedback prevents the output transistor from exceeding its maximum current density rating by limiting the output current to approximately 900 mA. It may also cause the output voltage to increase (VOUT = VBB - [ILIMIT x RL]). In this mode, the device will dissipate an increased amount of power (PD = VOUT x ILIMIT) and the output transistor will be thermally stressed. 115 Northeast Cutoff, Box 15036 Worcester, Massachusetts 01615-0036 (508) 853-5000 5140 PROTECTED POWERHALL® SENSOR IC: LAMP/SOLENOID DRIVER FIGURE 1 This stress, unless protected against (as in the UGQ5140K), will cause the device junction temperature to rise until it fails catastrophically. NOT TO SCALE PEAK CURRENT LIMIT OUTPUT CURRENT When thermal stresses cause the junction temperature to reach approximately +165°C, a linear thermal limiting circuit is activated. This circuit linearly reduces the base drive of the output transistor to maintain a constant junction temperature of 165°C. In this mode, the output current will be a function of the heat dissipating characteristics of the package and its environment. Linear thermal limiting eliminates the low-frequency thermal oscillation problems experienced by thermal shutdown (ON-OFF) schemes. When the fault condition that caused the output overload is corrected, the device returns to normal operating mode. JUNCTION TEMP. LIMIT TIME Dwg. WH-002 FIGURE 2 OUTPUT VOLTAGE vs OUTPUT CURRENT TJ < 150°C OUTPUT VOLTAGE, V OUT The output characteristics are shown in Figures 1 and 2. Note the three distinct operating regions: peak limit, delta limit, and thermal limit. In practice the output voltage and current may exhibit some oscillations during peak current limiting due to output load characteristics. These oscillations are of very-short duration (typically 50 ms) and may be damped with an external capacitor between pins 2 and 4. DELTA TEMP. LIMIT T J NOT TO SCALE = 165°C JUNCTION TEMP. LIMIT DELTA TEMP. LIMIT CURRENT LIMIT Thermal stress protection is provided in two manners; delta temperature protection, and junction temperature protection. Under worst-case conditions (see Figures 1 and 2), if the output is shorted to supply, the output transistor will heat up much faster than the rest of the integrated circuit. This condition could cause localized failure in the output transistor. To prevent damage, a delta temperature limiting scheme is used. If a large thermal gradient is sensed across the device, the output transistor base drive is reduced to lower the output current. This reduces the power (heat) generated by the output transistor. OUTPUT CURRENT UNDER SHORT-CIRCUIT CONDITIONS V OUT(SAT) OUTPUT CURRENT, I OUT Dwg. GP-013-1 5140 PROTECTED POWERHALL® SENSOR IC: LAMP/SOLENOID DRIVER FIGURE 3 TYPICAL LAMP DRIVER APPLICATION V CC 1 2 3 4 OPTIONAL LAMP TEST (SEE TEXT) Dwg. EH-001 FIGURE 4 LAMP CURRENT vs TIME NORMAL LAMP IN-RUSH CURRENT INCANDESCENT LAMP DRIVER High incandescent lamp turn-ON currents (commonly called in-rush currents) can contribute to poor lamp reliability and destroy semiconductor lamp drivers. Warming resistors protect both driver and lamp but use significant power when the lamp is OFF while current-limiting resistors waste power when the lamp is ON. Lamps with steady-state current ratings to 300 mA can be driven by the UGQ5140K (Figure 3) without the need for warming or current limiting resistors. In applications using several sensor IC/drivers to control multiple lamps, the internal clamp diodes may be connected together to an appropriate current-limiting resistor and simple “lamp test” switch. X +12 V TYPICAL APPLICATIONS As shown in Figure 4, when an incandescent lamp is initially turned ON, the cold filament is at minimum resistance and will normally allow a 10x to12x peak in-rush current. As the lamp warms up, the filament resistance increases to its rated value and the lamp current is reduced to its steady-state rating. When switching a lamp with the UGQ5140K, the internal current-limiting circuitry limits the peak current to approximately 900 mA. The device will stay in the current limit and delta temperature limit modes until the lamp resistance increases to its rated steady-state value (Figure 4). A side-effect of this currentlimiting feature is that lamp turn-on times will increase. Typical lamp turn-on times are shown in Figure 5. INDUCTIVE LOAD DRIVER NOT TO SCALE CURRENT LIMIT DELTA TEMP. LIMIT Connecting the internal clamp diode (pin 3) to the positive supply allows relays or other inductive loads to be driven directly, as shown in Figure 6. The internal diode prevents damage to the output transistor by clamping the high-voltage spikes which occur when turning OFF an inductive load. An optional external Zener diode can be used to increase the flyback voltage, providing a much faster inductive load turn-OFF current decay, resulting in faster dropout (reduced relay contact arcing), and improved performance. The maximum Zener voltage, plus the load supply voltage, plus the clamp diode forward voltage should not exceed 35 volts. TIME 115 Northeast Cutoff, Box 15036 Worcester, Massachusetts 01615-0036 (508) 853-5000 5140 PROTECTED POWERHALL® SENSOR IC: LAMP/SOLENOID DRIVER FIGURE 5 ELEMENT LOCATION LAMP TURN-ON TIME ACTIVE AREA DEPTH 0.0165" 0.42 mm NOM V BB = 14 V 125 0.121" 3.07 mm 0.053" 1.34 mm #168 BULB 14 V, 350 mA 100 75 A #194 BULB 14 V, 270 mA BRANDED SURFACE 50 25 -40 -20 0 25 55 AMBIENT TEMPERATURE IN ° C 1 2 3 4 85 Dwg. MH-001C Dwg. GH-005A FIGURE 6 TYPICAL RELAY/SOLENOID DRIVER APPLICATION VBB + VZ + VF +12 V OUTPUT VOLTAGE X V CC 1 2 3 4 V BB V BB + VF VOUT(SAT) ZENER CLAMP OUTPUT CURRENT APPROXIMATE LAMP TURN-ON TIME IN ms 150 DIODE CLAMP Dwg. WP-001-1 OPTIONAL ZENER Dwg. EH-002 Allegro 5140 PROTECTED POWERHALL® SENSOR IC: LAMP/SOLENOID DRIVER Dimensions in Inches Dimensions in Millimeters (controlling dimensions) (for reference only 5.28 5.16 0.208 0.203 0.063 0.059 45° 1.60 1.50 45° 3.51 3.38 0.138 0.133 45° 45° 0.085 MAX 1 2 3 0.033 4 2.16 MAX 0.0173 0.0138 0.600 0.560 1 2 3 0.84 4 0.44 0.35 15.24 14.23 SEE NOTE SEE NOTE 0.0189 0.0142 0.48 0.36 0.050 BSC 1.27 BSC Dwg. MH-009D in Dwg. MH-009D mm NOTES: 1. Tolerances on package height and width represent allowable mold offsets. Dimensions given are measured at the widest point (parting line). 2. Exact body and lead configuration at vendor’s option within limits shown. 3. Height does not include mold gate flash. 4. Recommended minimum PWB hole diameter to clear transition area is 0.035” (0.89 mm). 5. Where no tolerance is specified, dimension is nominal. The products described herein are manufactured under one or more of the following U.S. patents: 5,045,920; 5,264,783; 5,442,283; 5,389,889; 5,581,179; 5,517,112; 5,619,137; 5,621,319; 5,650,719; 5,686,894; 5,694,038; 5,729,130; 5,917,320; and other patents pending. Allegro MicroSystems, Inc. reserves the right to make, from time to time, such departures from the detail specifications as may be required to permit improvements in the performance, reliability, or manufacturability of its products. Before placing an order, the user is cautioned to verify that the information being relied upon is current. Allegro products are not authorized for use as critical components in life-support appliances, devices, or systems without express written approval. The information included herein is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, Allegro MicroSystems, Inc. assumes no responsibility for its use; nor for any infringements of patents or other rights of third parties that may result from its use. 115 Northeast Cutoff, Box 15036 Worcester, Massachusetts 01615-0036 (508) 853-5000