LV8714TA Dual Stepper Motor Driver with Ultra-small Micro Steps The LV8714 is a fully integrated dual bipolar/unipolar stepper motor driver with ultra-small micro step drive capability. Alternatively, it can be used to drive four DC motors independently. The device includes low RDS(ON) (upper + lower = 0.9Ω) type MOSFETs based quad H-bridges with gate drivers and can drive up to 1.5A per H-bridge. Synchronous rectification control is implemented for all H-bridges to lower power dissipation during a MOSFET switching. The device implements constant-current control using PWM at 125 kHz (typ.) switching frequency that enables the least noise motor drive solution. A built-in linear regulator powers internal logic circuit directly from the motor supply voltage, VM, thus eliminating need for any external regulator. A proprietary internal current sensing mechanism is implemented that eliminates up to four external current sense power resistors and improves the system energy efficiency significantly. External VREF input signal for each H-bridge controls the drive step size and can achieve over 256 micro step resolution. Individual controls signals (ENAx and INx) are provided for controlling each H-bridge channel independently with forward and reverse direction control. To enhance energy efficiency further, the device can be put into a power saving standby mode, when idle. www.onsemi.com 48-pin TQFP with exposed pad 7 mm x 7 mm MARKING DIAGRAM XXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXX AWLYYWWG Features Integrated quad H-bridges with independent controls o Dual bipolar/unipolar stepper motor or quad DC motor drive o Forward and reverse direction control Low RDS(ON) (upper + lower = 0.9Ω) type MOSFETs Proprietary internal current sensing o Eliminates up to four external current sense power resistors Over 256 micro step resolution with external VREF inputs Single supply operation with a built-in internal regulator No external component for driving internal MOSFETs Constant-current control with 125 kHz (typ.) PWM switching frequency Low power standby mode when idle Synchronous rectification to reduce power dissipation In-built system protection features such as: o Under-voltage o Over-current o Over-temperature 1 XXXXX A WL YY WW G = Specific Device Code = Assembly Location = Wafer Lot = Year = Work Week = Pb−Free Package ORDERING INFORMATION Ordering Code: LV8714TA-NH Package TQFP48 EP (Pb-Free / Halogen Free) Shipping (Qty / packing) 1000 / Tape & Reel Typical Applications Surveillance Camera Stage light Scanner Printer © Semiconductor Components Industries, LLC, 2014 November 2014- Rev. 2 1 Publication Order Number: LV8714TA/D LV8714TA BLOCK DIAGRAM Figure 1. LV8714TA Block Diagram www.onsemi.com 2 LV8714TA Logic input 36 35 34 33 32 31 30 29 28 27 26 25 VM2 ENA2 IN2 VREF2 RCS2 GND NC RCS4 VREF4 IN4 ENA4 VM4 OUT3B 18 44 NC NC 17 45 OUT1A OUT3A 16 46 NC NC 15 47 PGND1 PGND3 14 48 NC NC 13 Logic input Logic input 1.5kΩ 1 47µF VM3 OUT1B 12 43 ENA3 19 11 OUT4B IN3 OUT2B Logic input 42 10 20 VREF3 NC 9 NC 1.5kΩ 41 RCS3 21 8 OUT4A VREG3 OUT2A 0.1µF 40 7 22 PS NC 6 NC 5 39 RCS1 23 VREF1 PGND4 4 PGND2 IN1 38 3 24 ENA1 NC 2 NC VM1 37 12V M 1.5kΩ 1.5kΩ Logic input APPLICATION CIRCUIT EXAMPLES Figure 2. Two Bipolar Stepper motor Drive Using LV8714TA www.onsemi.com 3 M www.onsemi.com 4 Logic input 1.5kΩ 0.1µF NC NC 15 47 PGND1 PGND3 14 48 NC NC 13 Figure 3. Four Brushed DC motor Drive Using LV8714TA RCS3 VREF3 IN3 ENA3 VM3 9 10 11 12 VREG3 7 8 PS M 46 M 16 25 OUT3A VM4 OUT1A 26 45 ENA4 17 27 NC IN4 NC 28 44 VREF4 18 29 OUT3B RCS4 OUT1B 30 43 NC 19 31 OUT4B GND OUT2B 6 42 32 20 RCS2 NC RCS1 NC 5 41 33 21 VREF1 OUT2A VREF2 OUT4A 4 40 Logic input 1.5kΩ 22 IN1 NC 34 NC 3 39 IN2 23 35 PGND2 ENA2 PGND4 ENA1 38 36 NC VM2 24 VM1 NC 2 1 M 37 Logic input 47µF 12V M 1.5kΩ 1.5kΩ Logic input Logic input LV8714TA LV8714TA Figure 4. Two Unipolar Stepper motor Drive Using LV8714TA www.onsemi.com 5 LV8714TA PIN ASSIGNMENT NC 37 24 NC PGND2 38 23 PGND4 NC 39 22 NC OUT2A 40 21 OUT4A NC 41 20 NC OUT2B 42 19 OUT4B OUT1B 43 18 OUT3B NC 44 17 NC OUT1A 45 16 OUT3A NC 46 15 NC PGND1 47 14 PGND3 NC 48 13 NC Figure 5. Pin Assignment www.onsemi.com 6 LV8714TA PIN FUNCTION DISCRIPTION Pin No. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 Pin Name VM1 ENA1 IN1 VREF1 RCS1 PS VREG3 RCS3 VREF3 IN3 ENA3 VM3 NC PGND3 NC OUT3A NC OUT3B OUT4B NC OUT4A NC PGND4 NC VM4 ENA4 IN4 VREF4 RCS4 NC GND RCS2 VREF2 IN2 ENA2 VM2 NC PGND2 NC OUT2A NC OUT2B OUT1B NC OUT1A NC PGND1 NC Description Motor power supply pin for channel 1 Enable control pin of channel 1 Input control pin of channel 1 Reference voltage input pin of channel 1 Current sense resistor pin of channel 1 Power save mode selection pin Internal 3.3V voltage regulator pin Current sense resistor pin of channel 3 Reference voltage input pin of channel 3 Input control pin of channel 3 Enable control pin of channel 3 Motor power supply pin for channel 3 No connection Channel 3 power ground pin No connection Channel 3 phase output A pin No connection Channel 3 phase output B pin Channel 4 phase output B pin No connection Channel 4 phase output A pin No connection Channel 4 power ground pin No connection Motor power supply pin for channel 4 Enable control pin of channel 4 Input control pin of channel 4 Reference voltage input pin of channel 4 Current sense resistor pin of channel 4 No connection Ground pin Current sense resistor pin of channel 2 Reference voltage input pin of channel 2 Input control pin of channel 2 Enable control pin of channel 2 Motor power supply pin for channel 2 No connection Channel 2 power ground pin No connection Channel 2 phase output A pin No connection Channel 2 phase output B pin Channel 1 phase output B pin No connection Channel 1 phase output A pin No connection Channel 1 power ground pin No connection www.onsemi.com 7 LV8714TA MAXIMUM RATINGS (Note 1) Parameter Symbol Value Motor Supply Voltage (Note 2) VM 18 V Logic Input Voltage (Note 3) VIN 6 V Output Peak Current per channel (Note 4) IO(peak) 1.75 A Output current per channel IO(max) 1.5 A Pd 4.86 W Storage Temperature Tstg 55 to 150 ˚C Junction Temperature TJ 150 ºC MSL 3 - Allowable Power Dissipation (Note 5) Moisture Sensitivity Level (MSL) (Note 6) Unit TSLD 260 ºC Stresses exceeding those listed in the Absolute Maximum Rating table may damage the device. If any of these limits are exceeded, device functionality should not be assumed, damage may occur and reliability may be affected. Motor power supply pins are VM1, VM2, VM3 and VM4. Logic input pins are PS, ENA1, IN1, ENA2, IN2, ENA3, IN3, ENA4 and IN4. Condition for measuring the output peak current is that total time duration ≤ 10 ms (PWM duty cycle = 20%) at each channel. Specified circuit board : 90mm 90mm 1.6mm, glass epoxy 4-layer board, with backside mounting. It has 1 oz internal power and ground planes and 1/2 oz copper traces on top and bottom of the board. Please refer to Thermal Test Conditions of page 23. Moisture Sensitivity Level (MSL): 3 per IPC/JEDEC standard: J-STD-020A For information, please refer to our Soldering and Mounting Techniques Reference Manual, SOLDERRM/D http://www.onsemi.com/pub_link/Collateral/SOLDERRM-D.PDF Lead Temperature Soldering Pb-Free Versions (10sec or less) (Note 7) 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. THERMAL CHARACTERISTICS Parameter Value Unit RθJA 25.7 ºC/W Thermal Resistance, Junction-to-Case (Top) (Note 5) RΨJT 6 ºC/W Allowable power dissipation, Pd (W) Symbol Thermal Resistance, Junction-to-Ambient (Note 5) 6.00 5.00 4.86 4-layer circuit board with backside mounting 4.00 3.00 2.52 2.00 1.00 0.00 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 Ambient temperature, TA (C) Figure 6. Power Dissipation vs Ambient Temperature Characteristic www.onsemi.com 8 LV8714TA RECOMMENDED OPERATING RANGES (Note8) Symbol Ratings Unit Motor Supply Voltage Range (Note 2) Parameter VM 4 to 16.5 V Logic Input Voltage Range (Note 3) VIN 0.3 to 5.5 V VREF 0 to 1.5 V TA 20 to 85 ºC VREF Input Voltage Range Ambient Temperature 8. Functional operation above the stresses listed in the Recommended Operating Ranges is not implied. Extended exposure to stresses beyond the Recommended Operating Ranges limits may affect device reliability. ELECTRICAL CHARACTERICALS TA=25ºC, VM = 12V, VREF=0.6V unless otherwise noted. (Note 9) Symbol Parameter Condition IMstn IM1(VM1)+IM2(VM2)+IM3(VM3)+IM4(VM4), Standby Mode Current PS=”L”, No load IM IM1(VM1)+IM2(VM2)+IM3(VM3)+IM4(VM4), Supply Current PS=”H”, No load Thermal Shutdown Temperature TSD Guaranteed by design Thermal hysteresis width ∆TSD Guaranteed by design Min 150 Typ Max Unit 0 1 μA 3.2 4.2 mA 180 ˚C 40 ˚C Regulator VREG3 REG3 Output Voltage 3 3.3 3.6 V Output Output On Resistance Ronu IO=1.5A, Upper side 0.6 0.85 Ω Ronl IO=1.5A, Lower side 0.3 0.5 Ω Output leakage current IOleak VM=16.5V 10 μA Diode forward voltage VF IF=1.5A 1.2 1.6 V IINL PS,ENA1,IN1,ENA2,IN2,ENA3,IN3,ENA4,IN4 ,VIN=0.8V PS,ENA1,IN1,ENA2,IN2,ENA3,IN3,ENA4,IN4 ,VIN=3.3V 4.8 8 13.3 μA 20 33 55 μA 2.0 5.5 V 0 0.8 V Logic Input Logic Pin Input Current IINH Logic Input Voltage High VINH Low VINL PS,ENA1,IN1,ENA2,IN2,ENA3,IN3,ENA4,IN4 PWM Current Control VREF Pin Input Current IREF Current DetectionReference Voltage VREFdet PWM (Chopping) Frequency Fchop Output current detection current Ircs 9. VREF1,VREF2,VREF3,VREF4 VREF=1.5V VREF1,VREF2,VREF3,VREF4 VREF=0.6V RCS1,RCS2,RCS3,RCS4,Io=0.5A,RSC=0V 0.5 μA 0.18 0.2 0.22 V 100 125 150 kHz 115 125 137 μA Product parametric performance is indicated in the Electrical Characteristics for the listed test conditions, unless otherwise noted. Product performance may not be indicated by the Electrical Characteristics if operated under different conditions. www.onsemi.com 9 LV8714TA TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS 3.5 0.50 3 0.40 IMstn (uA) 2.5 IM (mA) 0.30 2 1.5 0.20 1 0.10 0.5 0.00 0 2 4 6 8 0 10 12 14 16 18 2 VM (V) 4 6 12 14 16 18 VREG3 (V) VREG3 (V) 4 3.5 3 2.5 2 1.5 1 0.5 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 0 5 10 VM (V) 0 OUTxA_Ronu OUTxA_Ronl OUTxB_Ronu OUTxB_Ronl 0.5 Iout (A) 20 25 30 35 1 Figure 10. REG3 Output Voltage vs REG3 Output Current Ronu+Ronl (Ω) 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 0 15 IREG3 (mA) Figure 9. REG3 Output Voltage vs VM Voltage Ron (Ω) 10 VM (V) Figure 8. Supply Current vs VM Voltage Figure 7. Standby Mode Supply Current vs VM Voltage 4 3.5 3 2.5 2 1.5 1 0.5 0 8 1.8 1.6 1.4 1.2 1 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0 1.5 Figure 11. Output ON Resistance vs Output Current (VM=12V) -25 0 25 50 75 100 Temperature (˚C) Figure 12. Output ON Resistance vs Temperature (VM=12V) www.onsemi.com 10 125 LV8714TA TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS 1.2 70 1 60 50 VF (V) IIN (uA) 0.8 0.6 0.4 30 20 VFu 0.2 40 10 VFl 0 0 0 0.5 1 0 1.5 1 2 Iout (A) 4 5 6 Figure 14. PS Pin Input Current vs PS Pin Input Voltage Figure 13. Diode Forward Voltage vs Output Current 60 60 50 ENA1 ENA2 ENA3 ENA4 50 40 IIN (uA) IIN (uA) 3 VIN (V) 30 IN1 IN2 IN3 IN4 40 30 20 20 10 10 0 0 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 0 1 2 3 4 5 VIN (V) VIN (V) Figure 15. ENA1-4 Pin Input Current vs ENA1-4 Input Voltage Figure 16. IN1-4 Pin Input Current vs IN1-4 Input Voltage 2.0 1.5 1.5 VINH VINL VIN (V) VIN (V) 2.0 1.0 6 1.0 0.5 ENA1_VINH ENA3_VINH ENA1_VINL ENA3_VINL 0.5 VINH VINL 0.0 0.0 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 VM (V) 4 6 8 ENA2_VINH ENA4_VINH ENA2_VINL ENA4_VINL 10 12 14 16 VM (V) Figure 17. PS Pin H/L-level Input Voltage vs VM Voltage www.onsemi.com 11 Figure 18. ENA1-4 H/L-Level Input Voltage vs VM Voltage 18 LV8714TA TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS 0 -2 -4 -6 -8 -10 -12 -14 -16 -18 2.0 VINH 1.5 1.0 IN1_VINH IN3_VINH IN1_VINL IN3_VINL 0.5 0.0 4 6 8 IN2_VINH IN4_VINH IN2_VINL IN4_VINL 10 12 14 16 VREF2 VREF3 VREF4 IREF (nA) VIN (V) VINL VREF1 0 18 0.5 1 VM (V) 2 Figure 20. VREFx Pin Input Current vs VREF Voltage Figure 19. IN1-4 H/L-Level Input Voltage vs VM Voltage 120 500 118 Ircs (uA) PWM (Chopping) FRQ (kHz) 1.5 VREF1-4 (V) 116 114 112 OUT1A OUT1B 400 OUT2A OUT2B OUT3A OUT3B 300 OUT4A OUT4B 200 100 110 0 3 8 13 18 0 0.5 1 VM (V) Iout (A) Figure 21. PWM (Chopping) FRQ vs VM Voltage Figure 22. Output detection Current vs Iout (RCS=0V) www.onsemi.com 12 1.5 LV8714TA FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION Power Supply Pins (VM1, VM2, VM3 AND VM4) The LV8714 has four power supply pins, VM1, VM2, VM3, and VM4, connected internally. Hence, it is must that all power supply pins are connected to the same power supply rail externally. VM1 also supplies power to internal circuits through an internal voltage regulator. VREG3 ENAx INx It is highly recommended to provide a decoupling capacitor of 47µF close to the VM1 pin. Internal Regulator (VM-3.3V) An VM-3.3V regulator is integrated in the LV8714. This regulator provides required biasing for upper MOSFETs of each channel. Power Save Mode Selection Pin (PS) When the LV8714 is idle, to save power, it can be put to a power saving, Standby mode by applying logic low to the PS pin. While in the Standby mode, all internal circuits of the LV8714 including voltage regulators are put into inactive state. Table 1 shows mode selection of the LV8714 using the PS pin Logic Input at PS Pin Low or Open High Mode Standby Operating Internal Circuits Inactive Active Table 1: LV8714 mode selection using the PS pin Figure 23 shows an equivalent internal circuit of the PS pin input. VM1 100KΩ Internal 3.3V Voltage Regulator Pin (VREG3) An internal 3.3V voltage regulator acts a power source for internal logic, oscillator, and protection circuits. Output of this regulator is connected to the VREG3 pin. Do not use the VREG3 pin to drive any external load. It is recommended to connect a 0.1µF decoupling capacitor to the VREG3 pin. 2.9KΩ GND Figure 24. Equivalent circuit of ENAx, INx Motor Drive Output Pins (OUTxx) The LV8714 has quad built-in H-bridges for driving stepper or DC motors. Each H-bridge (channel) is made up of upper side P-MOSFETs and lower side N-MOSFETs. Output of each channel is connected to OUTxA or OUTxB pins. When a channel is configured to drive a stepper motor in forward direction, OUTxA becomes high output and in reverse direction, OUTxB becomes high output. Reference Voltage Input Pins (VREFx) Step size of a stepper motor drive is controlled by providing a reference voltage signal at VREFx pin for each channel. Resolution of the VREFx input enables ultra-small micro step drive of a stepper motor in combination with the INx input. The coil current is proportional to the analog voltage amplitude at the VREFx pin. Figure 25 shows an equivalent circuit of VREFx input pins. 500KΩ VREG3 37KΩ PS VREFx 63KΩ 2.9KΩ GND GND Figure 23. Equivalent circuit of the PS pin Channel Control Pins (ENAx, INx) Each channel of the LV8714 is controlled independently by corresponding ENAx and INx pins. Figure 24 shows an equivalent internal circuit of these input pins. Figure 25. Equivalent circuit of VREF1-4 Current Sense Resistor Pins (RCSx) The LV8714 implements a proprietary current sense mechanism for each channel and doesn’t require any external current sense power resistor, thus providing www.onsemi.com 13 LV8714TA loss-less current control that improves the energy efficiency of the system. To control a coil current, the individual RCSx pin is provided for each channel. A resistor connected at this RCSx pin decides the coil current. The coil current is sensed internally and fed back to RCS pin with the ratio of 1/4000. And, the output duty cycle adjusted such that the RCSx voltage level is equal to 1/3 of the VREFx pin voltage. Figure 26 shows the equivalent circuit of current control. Figure 26. Equivalent circuit of current control Equation 1 is utilized to calculate the coil current, IOUT. 4000 ∙ 3 ………… 1 Where, IOUT = Coil current [A] RCS = Resistance between RCSx and GND [Ω] VREF = Input voltage at the VREFx pin [V] For example, in case of 1k 0.6 The coil current is 4000 0.6 3 1000 0.8 www.onsemi.com 14 LV8714TA DETAILED DESCRIPTION Stepper Motor Direction Control The stepper motor rotation direction is determined by phase lead/lag relation between INx inputs of the LV8714 as shown in Table 2 and Table 3. Phase ENA1, Direction ENA2 0-90 90-180 180-270 270-360 IN1 H L L H H Forward IN2 H H L L H IN1 H H L L H Reverse IN2 H L L H H Table 2: Stepper Motor Direction control by IN1 and IN2 INx Phase ENA3, Direction ENA4 0-90 90-180 180-270 270-360 IN3 H L L H H Forward IN4 H H L L H IN3 H H L L H Reverse IN4 H L L H H Table 3: Stepper Motor Direction control by IN3 and IN4 INx DC Motor Direction Control The LV8714 utilizes ENAx and INx to control the DC motor rotation direction as shown in Table 4. Input signal Output ENAx INx OUTxA OUTxB L – Off Off H L High Low H H Low High X represents a channel number Direction Forward Reverse Table 4: DC Motor Direction Control by ENAx and INx Stepper Motor Coil Current Control Stepper motor coil current is controlled in proportional to VREFx and RCSx as shown in equation 1 previously. Two phase outputs (A and B) for each stepper motor are controlled by combination of INx and VREFx inputs as shown in Table 5. Input Output (coil current) INx VREFx ENAx Amplitude Polarity Low Analog High Proportional to VREFx A to B High Analog High Proportional to VREFx B to A Table 5: Stepper Motor Coil Current Control Figure 27 and 28 show example waveforms of output current with in response to VREFx, ENAx and Inx input. Figure 27. Example waveforms for full step (forward) control www.onsemi.com 15 LV8714TA Figure 28. Example waveforms for 1/256 step (forward) control PWM Constant-Current Control The LV8714 implements constant-current control drive by applying PWM switching to the output pin. When the coil current becomes equal to the set target value (as determined by equation 1), the constant current control mechanism gets activated and performs a repetitive sequence of Charge Slow Decay Fast Decay (fixed 2µs) Charge… as shown in Figure 29. The period for each sequence is fixed at 8µs(typ.). Figure 29 shows timing chart of PWM based constant-current control. www.onsemi.com 16 LV8714TA Set current Coil current OUT1A OUT1B 8us PWM cycle 1us BLANKING Time 2us Current control mode SLOW Decay CHARGE FAST Decay Figure 29. Timing chart of PWM based constant-current Three Modes of Constant-Current Control Each PWM cycle of constant-current control is made up of three distinct intervals – Charge, Slow Decay and Fast Decay. Example: Current direction A to B Charge: Voltage is applied to the coil until the coil current becomes equal to the target (A = High, B = Low). Slow Decay: Output A and B are shorted internally resulting in circular current (A = Low, B = Low). Fast Decay: Inverted bias is applied to discharge the coil current (A = Low, B = High) that results in decreases of the coil current. These intervals (Charge, Slow Decay and Fast Decay) are results of MOSFET switching as shown in Figure 30. www.onsemi.com 17 LV8714TA Switch from Charge to Slow Decay Charge increases current Switch from Slow Decay to Fast Decay Current regeneration by Fast Decay Current regeneration by Slow Decay Switch from Fast Decay to Charge Figure 30. MOSFET switching sequence for constant-current control Whenever, there is a switch from the upper MOSFET to the lower MOSFET of the same leg, the fixed dead time of 0.375µs is provided to avoid turning on both MOSFETs on at the same time. During this time, the coil current flows through the body diode of the MOSFET as seen in (2), (4) and (6) events in figure 30. Table 6 and Table 7 show status of MOSFETs during various intervals in a PWM cycle for different current polarities. OUTxA→OUTxB Output Tr U1 U2 L1 L2 CHARGE ON OFF OFF ON SLOW Decay OFF OFF ON ON FAST Decay OFF ON ON OFF OUTxB→OUTxA Output Tr U1 U2 L1 L2 CHARGE OFF ON ON OFF SLOW Decay OFF OFF ON ON FAST Decay ON OFF OFF ON Table 7: MOSFET Switching Sequence for OUTxBOUTxA polarity Figure 31 shows example waveforms of the stepper motor with 1/16 step and constant-current control. Figure 32 shows example waveforms of three events – Charge, Slow Decay and Fast Decay. Table 6: MOSFET Switching Sequence for OUTxAOUTxB polarity www.onsemi.com 18 LV8714TA 1/16 step IN2 5V/div 1 IN2 VM=12V VREF1/2=0.23V (Iout≈0.2A) RCS1/2=1.5kΩ IN1=IN2≈ 125Hz Rcoil=15Ω IN1 5V/div 2 IN1 OUT1A Motor Current 0.2A/div 4 2ms/div IN2 5V/div IN2 OUT1A 10V/div 2 OUT1B 10V/div 3 OUT1A Motor Current 0.2A/div 4 2ms/div 1 IN2 8s(typ) IN2 5V/div OUT1A 10V/div 2 1 IN2 8(typ) OUT1A 10V/div 2 OUT1B 10V/div OUT1B 10V/div Setting Current OUT1A Motor Current 0.2A/div 4 3 5s/div 3 OUT1A Motor Current 0.2A/div 4 Setting Current 5s/div Constant current control is synchronized to the internal PWM period 8s (typ). Figure 31. PWM based constant-current control waveforms of the stepper motor with 1/16 step VM=12V VREF1/2=0.11V (Iout≈0.1A) RCS1/2=1.5kΩ IN1=IN2=100Hz Rcoil=15Ω OUT1A Output Voltage 10V/div 2 Setting Current 4 CHARGE FAST Decay OUT1A Motor Current 0.1A/div OUT1B Output Voltage 10V/div 2s 3 2s/div IN2 5V/div SLOW Decay Figure 32. One full PWM cycle of the constant-current control www.onsemi.com 19 LV8714TA Power-on Reset (POR) Sequence At startup, when VM1 ≥ 4V and PS = High, it takes 50µs for the internal 3.3V regulator to provide stable output. After the 3.3V regulator is in the active state, ENAx needs to be pulled high to enable respective channel output. It is recommended that VREFx input is never floating and the required input signal is applied at least 10µs before ENAx is pulled high. Figure 33 shows POR and fault handling sequence. Blanking Time As the LV8714 switches from Fast Decay to Charge, switching noise can lead to wrong reading by the comparator that is comparing the coil current against the target current. To filter out this switching noise, a fixed 1µs blanking time is provided at the beginning of the Charge interval. During this blanking time, the comparator ignores the coil current reading and thus avoid false switching to the Slow Decay interval, if the comparator detects the coil current higher than the target current. POR and Fault Handling Operation Flow Low Voltage Shutdown Over Current Protection Thermal Shutdown COLD START OCP DETECTED TSD DETECTED SUPPLY VM1 SHUTDOWN OUTPUT SHUTDOWN OUTPUT N PS HIGH? PS HIGH? Y PS HIGH? Y N ENABLE INTERNAL VOLTAGE REGULATOR REG3 (*1) N DISABLE INTERNAL VOLTAGE REGULATOR REG3 (*3) Y TJ < 140°C (*4) N Y N REG3 > 3V? Y N ENAx HIGH? (*2) (*1) It takes 50µs to settle to the target voltage. (*2) VREFx and INx input must be applied for 10µs before ENA = HIGH (*3) Minimum 10µs of PS=LOW duration is required. (*4) TSD detection criterion is 180°C with 40°C hysteresis Y DRIVER ACTIVE Figure 33. POR and fault handling sequence System Protection Functions The LV8714 has built-in protection functions such as over-current (OCP), over-temperature (Thermal shutdown, TSD), and under-voltage (Low-voltage shutdown, LVS) protections. These integrated Priority 1 2 3 protections make the LV8714 based system solution highly reliable without need for any external protection circuit. Table 8 shows summary of LV8714 protection functions with recovery mechanisms. Fault Event Condition OUTxx Logic Regulator Recovery Low Voltage LVS VREG3 2.6V OFF Reset < 2.6V VM1 ≥ 4.0V Shutdown Thermal Auto-recover when TJ ≤ TSD Junction temperature > 180°C OFF Active ON 140ºC Shutdown Toggle PS input Over-current Upper side FET current > 2.6A OCP OFF Active ON Protection Lower side FET current > 2.0A High Low (≥10s) High Table 8: Summary of LV8714 protection functions with recovery mechanisms www.onsemi.com 20 LV8714TA Low Voltage Shutdown (LVS) The integrated LVS protection enables safe shutdown of the system when the VM1 drops. The VREG3 voltage is monitored and the LVS is activated when the VREG3 voltage drops below 2.6V (typ.). It turns off output FETs and logic circuits are put into the reset state. The LV8714 recovers from the LVS automatically when VM1 ≥ 4V. Thermal Shutdown (TSD) The built-in TSD protection prevents damage to the LV8714 from excessive heat. To avoid false trigger, the TSD protection is activated when the die TJ exceeds 180ºC. Once activated, it shuts down output FETs while keeping the rest of circuit in the active state. When TJ H-bridge Output state falls below 140ºC, the output stage is reactivated under control of input signals INx, and ENAx. Over-current Protection (OCP) The on-chip OCP protection of the LV8714 triggers when current above the threshold is detected internally. Once detected for 2µs, output FETs are turned off and the internal timer is triggered to count 128µs (typ.) of the timer latch period. At the end of the timer latch period, output FETs are turned on again 2µs. If during this time, over-current is detected again, then the fault is latched and FETs are turned off. FETs can now be turned on again only when over-current condition is removed and the PS pin is toggled (High -> Low (≥ 10µs) -> High). Timing chart of the OCP is as shown in Figure 34. Output ON Output ON Output OFF Over-current Detected Fault detection Release 2µs Output OFF Timer latch period (typ:128µs) Over-current Detected 2µs Over-current Detected Internal counter 1st counter 1st counter 1st counter 1st counter start stop start stop 2nd counter start Figure 34. Timing Chart of OCP www.onsemi.com 21 2nd counter stop LV8714TA Example of Over-current Detection: Short to Power Short to GND Load short www.onsemi.com 22 LV8714TA PCB GUIDELINES VM and Ground Routing Make sure to short-circuit VM1, VM2, VM3 and VM4 externally by a low impedance route on one side of PCB. As high current flows into PGND, connect it to GND through a low impedance route. Exposed Pad The exposed pad is connected to the frame of the LV8714. Therefore, do not connect it to anywhere else other than ground. If GND and PGND are in the same plane, connect the exposed pad to the ground plane. Else, if GND and PGND are separated, connect the exposed pad to GND. NC Pin Utilization NC pins are not connected internally inside the LV8714. If the power track that is connected to VM, outputs and GND is wide, the power track can be connected to NC pins. Thermal Test Conditions Size: 90mm × 90mm × 1.6mm (four layer PCB) Material: Glass epoxy Copper wiring density: L1 = 80% / L4 = 85% Second layer is VM power supply layer. Third layer is GND layer L1 : Copper wiring pattern diagram (top) L4 : Copper wiring pattern diagram (bottom) Figure 35. Pattern Diagram of Top and Bottom Layer Recommendation The thermal data provided is for the thermal test condition where 90% or more of the exposed die pad is soldered. It is recommended to derate critical rating parameters for a safe design. Electrical parameters that are recommended to be derated are operating voltage, operating current, junction temperature, and device power dissipation. The recommended derating for a safe design is as shown below: Maximum 80% or less for operating current Maximum 80% or less for junction temperature Check solder joints and verify reliability of solder joints for critical areas such as exposed die pad, power pins and grounds. Any void or deterioration, if observed, in solder joint of these critical areas parts, may cause deterioration in thermal conduction and that may lead to thermal destruction of the device. Maximum 80% or less for operating voltage www.onsemi.com 23 LV8714TA PACKAGE DIMENSIONS TQFP48 EP 7x7, 0.5P CASE 932F ISSUE C 4X 12 TIPS NOTES: 1. DIMENSIONS AND TOLERANCING PER ASME Y14.5M, 1994. 2. CONTROLLING DIMENSION: MILLIMETERS. 3. DIMENSION b DOES NOT INCLUDE DAMBAR PROTRUSION. DAMBAR PROTRUSION SHALL BE 0.08 MAX. AT MMC. DAMBAR CANNOT BE LOCATED ON THE LOWER RADIUS OF THE FOOT. MINIMUM SPACE BETWEEN PROTRUSION AND ADJACENT LEAD IS 0.07. 0.20 C A-B D NOTE 9 D NOTE 7 D 25 SIONS OR GATE BURRS. MOLD FLASH, PROTRUSIONS OR GATE BURRS SHALL NOT EXCEED 0.25 PER SIDE. DIMENSIONS D1 AND E1 ARE MAXIMUM PLASTIC BODY SIZE INCLUDING MOLD MISMATCH. 5. THE TOP PACKAGE BODY SIZE MAY BE SMALLER THAN THE BOTTOM PACKAGE SIZE BY AS MUCH AS 0.15. 6. DATUMS A-B AND D ARE DETERMINED AT DATUM PLANE H. 7. A1 IS DEFINED AS THE VERTICAL DISTANCE FROM THE SEATING 37 NOTE 7 NOTE 7 A NOTES 4&6 B NOTE 9 E1 E 8. DIMENSIONS D AND E TO BE DETERMINED AT DATUM PLANE C. 13 48 1 D1 4X NOTES 4 & 6 0.20 H A-B D TOP VIEW DETAIL A 0.08 C A H 0.05 L2 A2 A1 e 48X SIDE VIEW SEATING PLANE C b 0.20 C A-B D DETAIL A M L DIM A A1 A2 b D D1 D2 E E1 E2 e L L2 M MILLIMETERS MIN MAX 0.95 1.25 0.05 0.15 0.90 1.20 0.17 0.27 9.00 BSC 7.00 BSC 4.90 5.10 9.00 BSC 7.00 BSC 4.90 5.10 0.50 BSC 0.45 0.75 0.25 BSC 0° 7° RECOMMENDED SOLDERING FOOTPRINT* NOTE 3 D2 9.36 48X 1.13 5.30 E2 9.36 5.30 1 BOTTOM VIEW 0.50 PITCH 48X 0.29 DIMENSIONS: MILLIMETERS *For additional information on our Pb-Free strategy and soldering details, please download the ON Semiconductor Soldering and Mounting Techniques Reference Manual, SOLDERRM/D. www.onsemi.com 24 LV8714TA ON Semiconductor and the ON logo are registered trademarks of Semiconductor Components Industries, LLC (SCILLC) or its subsidiaries in the United States and/or other countries. SCILLC owns the rights to a number of patents, trademarks, copyrights, trade secrets, and other intellectual property. A listing of SCILLC’s product/patent coverage may be accessed at www.onsemi.com/site/pdf/Patent-Marking.pdf . SCILLC reserves the right to make changes without further notice to any products herein. SCILLC makes no warranty, representation or guarantee regarding the suitability of its products for any particular purpose, nor does SCILLC assume any liability arising out of the application or use of any product or circuit, and specifically disclaims any and all liability, including without limitation special, consequential or incidental damages. “Typical” parameters which may be provided in SCILLC data sheets and/or specifications can and do vary in different applications and actual performance may vary over time. All operating parameters, including “Typicals” must be validated for each customer application by customer’s technical experts. SCILLC does not convey any license under its patent rights nor the rights of others. SCILLC products are not designed, intended, or authorized for use as components in systems intended for surgical implant into the body, or other applications intended to support or sustain life, or for any other application in which the failure of the SCILLC product could create a situation where personal injury or death may occur. Should Buyer purchase or use SCILLC products for any such unintended or unauthorized application, Buyer shall indemnify and hold SCILLC and its officers, employees, subsidiaries, affiliates, and distributors harmless against all claims, costs, damages, and expenses, and reasonable attorney fees arising out of, directly or indirectly, any claim of personal injury or death associated with such unintended or unauthorized use, even if such claim alleges that SCILLC was negligent regarding the design or manufacture of the part. SCILLC is an Equal Opportunity/Affirmative Action Employer. This literature is subject to all applicable copyright laws and is not for resale in any manner. www.onsemi.com 25