Low Power Ambient Light and Proximity Sensor with Intelligent Interrupt and Sleep Modes - Analog and Digital Out ISL29030A Features The ISL29030A is an integrated ambient and infrared light-to-digital converter with a built-in IR LED driver and I2C Interface (SMBus Compatible). This device uses two independent ADCs for concurrently measuring ambient light and proximity in parallel. The flexible interrupt scheme is designed for minimal microcontroller utilization. • Works Under All Light Sources Including Sunlight • Dual ADCs Measure ALS/Prox Concurrently • Intelligent Interrupt Scheme Simplifies Microcontroller Code For ambient light sensor (ALS) data conversions, an ADC converts photodiode current (with a light sensitivity range of 2000 lux) in 100ms per sample. The ADC rejects 50Hz/60Hz flicker noise caused by artificial light sources. The IALS pin provides an analog output current proportional to the measured light (420μA FSR). For proximity sensor (Prox) data conversions, the built-in driver turns on an external infrared LED, and the proximity sensor ADC converts the reflected IR intensity to digital. This ADC rejects ambient IR noise (such as sunlight) and has a 540μs conversion time. The ISL29030A provides low-power operation of the ALS and proximity sensing, with a typical 138μA normal operation current (110μA for sensors and internal circuitry; ~28μA for external LED, with 220mA current pulses for a net 100μs, repeating every 800ms or under). The ISL29030A uses both a hardware pin and software bits to indicate an interrupt event has occurred. An ALS interrupt is defined as a measurement that is outside a set window. A proximity interrupt is defined as a measurement over a threshold limit. The user can configure the device so that ALS and proximity interrupts occur simultaneously, up to 16 times in a row, before the interrupt pin is activated. The ISL29030A is designed to operate at 2.25V to 3.63V over the -40°C to +85°C ambient temperature range. It is packaged in a clear, lead-free 8 lead ODFN package. Pin Configuration ISL29030A 8 LD ODFN (2.0x2.1x0.7mm) TOP VIEW • • • • • Simple Output Code Directly Proportional to Lux 50Hz/60Hz Flicker Noise and IR Rejection Light Sensor Close to Human Eye Response Selectable 125/2000 Lux Range Analog 420μA Output Pin IALS Proportional to Lux Proximity Sensing • Proximity Sensor with Broad IR Spectrum - Can Use 850nm and 950nm External IR LEDs • IR LED Driver with I2C Programmable Sink Currents - Net 100μs Pulse with 110mA or 220mA Amplitudes - Periodic Sleep Time Up to 800ms Between Pulses • Ambient IR Noise Cancelation (Including Sunlight) Intelligent and Flexible Interrupts • Independent ALS/Prox Interrupt Thresholds • Adjustable Interrupt Persistency - 1/4/8/16 Consecutive Triggers Required Before Interrupt Ultra Low Power • 138μA DC Typical Supply Current for ALS/Prox Sensing - 110μA for Sensors and Internal Circuitry - 28μA Typical Current for External IR LED (Assuming 220mA for 100μs Every 800ms) • <1.0μA Supply Current When Powered Down Easy to Use • • • • Set Registers; Wait for Interrupt I2C (SMBus Compatible) Output Temperature Compensated Tiny ODFN8 2.0x2.1x0.7 (mm) Package Additional Features • 1.7V to 3.63V Supply for I2C Interface • 2.25V to 3.63V Sensor Power Supply • Pb-Free (RoHS compliant) IALS 1 8 IRDR Applications VDD 2 7 INT GND 3 6 SDA REXT 4 5 SCL • Display and Keypad Dimming Adjustment and Proximity Sensing for: - Mobile Devices: Smart Phone, PDA, GPS - Computing Devices: Laptop PC, Netbook - Consumer Devices: LCD-TV, Digital Picture Frame, Digital Camera • Industrial and Medical Light and Proximity Sensing THERMAL PAD *THERMAL PAD CAN BE CONNECTED TO GND OR ELECTRICALLY ISOLATED March 31, 2011 FN7722.1 Ambient Light Sensing 1 CAUTION: These devices are sensitive to electrostatic discharge; follow proper IC Handling Procedures. 1-888-INTERSIL or 1-888-468-3774 | Copyright Intersil Americas Inc. 2010, 2011. All Rights Reserved Intersil (and design) is a trademark owned by Intersil Corporation or one of its subsidiaries. All other trademarks mentioned are the property of their respective owners. ISL29030A Pin Descriptions PIN NUMBER PIN NAME DESCRIPTION 0 T.PAD 1 IALS Analog current output (proportional to ALS/IR Data Count: 420µA FSR) 2 VDD Positive supply: 2.25V to 3.63V 3 GND Ground 4 REXT External resistor (499kΩ; 1%) connects this pin to ground 5 SCL I2C clock line 6 SDA I2C data line 7 INT Interrupt pin; logic output (open-drain) for interrupt 8 IRDR Thermal pad (connect to GND or float) The I2C bus lines can be pulled from 1.7V to above VDD; 3.63V max IR LED driver pin; current flows into ISL29030A from LED cathode Block Diagram VDD 2 ALS PHOTODIODE ARRAY COMMAND REGISTER LIGHT DATA PROCESS ALS AND IR DUAL CHANNEL ADCs DATA REGISTER DAC 5 SCL 6 SDA INTERRUPT 7 INT IR DRIVER 8 IRDR I2C IR PHOTODIODE ARRAY 1 IALS IREF FOSC 4 3 REXT GND Ordering Information PART NUMBER (Notes 1, 2, 3) TEMP. RANGE (°C) ISL29030AIROZ-T7 -40 to +85 ISL29030AIROZ-EVALZ PACKAGE TAPE AND REEL (Pb-free) 8 Ld ODFN PKG. DWG. # L8.2.1x2.0 Evaluation Board NOTES: 1. Please refer to TB347 for details on reel specifications. 2. These Intersil Pb-free plastic packaged products employ special Pb-free material sets; molding compounds/die attach materials and NiPdAu plate - e4 termination finish, which is RoHS compliant and compatible with both SnPb and Pb-free soldering operations. Intersil Pb-free products are MSL classified at Pb-free peak reflow temperatures that meet or exceed the Pb-free requirements of IPC/JEDEC J STD-020. 3. For Moisture Sensitivity Level (MSL), please see device information page for ISL29030A. For more information on MSL please see techbrief TB477. 2 FN7722.1 March 31, 2011 ISL29030A Absolute Maximum Ratings (TA = +25°C) Thermal Information VDD Supply Voltage between VDD and GND . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4.0V I2C Bus Pin Voltage (SCL, SDA). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -0.5V to 4.0V I2C Bus Pin Current (SCL, SDA). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . <10mA REXT Pin Voltage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .-0.5V to VDD + 0.5V IRDR Pin Voltage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5.5V IALS Pin Voltage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .-0.5V to VDD + 0.5V INT Pin Voltage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -0.5V to 4.0V INT Pin Current . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . <10mA ESD Rating Human Body Model (Note 5). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2kV Thermal Resistance (Typical, Note 4) θJA (°C/W) 8 Ld ODFN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88 Maximum Die Temperature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . +90°C Storage Temperature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .-40°C to +100°C Operating Temperature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -40°C to +85°C Pb-Free Reflow Profile . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . see link below http://www.intersil.com/pbfree/Pb-FreeReflow.asp CAUTION: Do not operate at or near the maximum ratings listed for extended periods of time. Exposure to such conditions may adversely impact product reliability and result in failures not covered by warranty. NOTES: 4. θJA is measured in free air with the component mounted on a high effective thermal conductivity test board with “direct attach” features. See Tech Brief TB379. 5. ESD on all pins is 2kV, except for IRDR, which is 1.5kV. Electrical Specifications temperature range, -40°C to +85°C. PARAMETER VDD VDD = 3.0V, TA = +25°C, REXT = 499kΩ 1% tolerance. Boldface limits apply over the operating DESCRIPTION CONDITION Power Supply Range MIN (Note 6) TYP MAX (Note 6) UNIT 2.25 3.0 3.63 V SR_VDD Input Power-up Slew Rate VDD Rising Edge between 0.4V and 2.25V IDD_OFF Supply Current when Powered Down ALS_EN = 0; PROX_EN = 0 0.1 0.8 µA Supply Current for ALS+Prox in Sleep Time ALS_EN = 1; PROX_EN = 1 116 135 µA Supply Current for Prox in Sleep Time ALS_EN = 0; PROX_EN = 1 85 µA Supply Current for ALS ALS_EN = 1; PROX_EN = 0 102 µA 5.25 MHz IDD_NORM IDD_PRX_SLP IDD_ALS fOSC Internal Oscillator Frequency tINTGR_ALS 12-bit ALS Integration/Conversion Time tINTGR_PROX 8-bit Prox Integration/Conversion Time IALS_OFF 0.5 88 V/ms 100 112 0.54 IALS Output Current when ALS = Disabled ALS_EN = 0; VI_ALS = 0V IALS_0 IALS Output Current When Dark IALS_1 ms ms 3 100 nA ALS_EN = 1; ALS_RANGE = 1; E = 0 lux 0.1 0.6 µA Current Output under Specified Conditions E = 53 lux, Fluorescent (Note 7), ALS_RANGE = 0 161 IALS_2 Current Output under Specified Conditions E = 320 lux, Fluorescent (Note 7) ALS_RANGE = 1 40 60 80 µA IALS_F IALS Output Current At Full Scale ALS_EN = 1; ALS Code = 4095 380 420 460 µA VI_ALS Compliance Voltage on IALS w/ 5% Variation in Output Current ALS_EN = 1; ALS Code = 4095 0 VDD-0.8 V DATAALS_0 ALS Result when Dark EAMBIENT = 0 lux, 2k Range 3 Counts DATAALS_F Full Scale ALS ADC Code EAMBIENT > Selected Range Maximum lux (Note 10) 4095 Counts Count Output Variation Over Three Light Sources: Fluorescent, Incandescent and Sunlight Ambient Light Sensing ±10 % DATAALS_1 Light Count Output with LSB of 0.0326 lux/count E = 53 lux, Fluorescent (Notes 7, 10), ALS_RANGE = 0 1638 Counts DATAALS_2 Light Count Output With LSB of 0.522 lux/count E = 320 lux, Fluorescent (Note 7) ALS_RANGE = 1 ΔDATA DATA 3 1 460 614 µA 768 Counts FN7722.1 March 31, 2011 ISL29030A Electrical Specifications VDD = 3.0V, TA = +25°C, REXT = 499kΩ 1% tolerance. Boldface limits apply over the operating temperature range, -40°C to +85°C. (Continued) PARAMETER DESCRIPTION CONDITION DATAPROX_0 Prox Measurement w/o Object in Path DATAPROX_F Full Scale Prox ADC Code DATAPROX_1 Prox Measurement Result (Note 8) tr Rise Time for IRDR Sink Current RLOAD = 15Ω at IRDR pin, 20% to 80% tf TYP 1 35 Fall time for IRDR Sink Current RLOAD = 15Ω at IRDR pin, 80% to 20% IIRDR_0 IRDR Sink Current PROX_DR = 0; VIRDR = 0.5V IIRDR_1 IRDR Sink Current PROX_DR = 1; VIRDR = 0.5V IIRDR_LEAK MIN (Note 6) 46 110 PROX_EN = 0; VDD = 3.63V (Note 9) -1 Register bit PROX_DR = 0 0.5 tPULSE Net IIRDR On Time Per PROX Reading 100 VREF Voltage of REXT Pin 0.51 FI2C I2C Clock Rate Range VI2C Supply Voltage Range for I2C Interface SCL and SDA Input High Voltage ISDA SDA Current Sinking Capability IINT PSRRIRDR Counts Counts 57 Counts ns ns 120 220 Acceptable Voltage Range on IRDR Pin SCL and SDA Input Low Voltage 2 255 500 98 IRDR Leakage Current VIL UNIT 500 VIRDR VIH MAX (Note 6) 0.001 1.7 mA 1 µA 4.3 V µs V 400 kHz 3.63 V 0.55 V 1.25 VOL = 0.4V 3 INT Current Sinking Capability VOL = 0.4V 3 (ΔIIRDR)/(ΔVIRDR) PROX_DR = 0; VIRDR = 0.5V to 4.3V mA V 5 mA 5 mA 4 mA/V NOTES: 6. Compliance to datasheet limits is assured by one or more methods: production test, characterization and/or design. 7. An LED is used in production test. The LED irradiance is calibrated to produce the same DATA count against a fluorescent light source of the same lux level. 8. An 850nm infrared LED is used to test PROX/IR sensitivity in an internal test mode. 9. Ability to guarantee IIRDR leakage of ~1nA is limited by test hardware. 10. For ALS applications under light-distorting glass, please see “ALS Range 1 Considerations” on page 10. I2C Electrical Specifications For SCL and SDA unless otherwise noted, VDD = 3V, TA = +25°C, REXT = 499kΩ 1% tolerance (Note 11). Boldface limits apply over the operating temperature range, -40°C to +85°C. PARAMETER DESCRIPTION CONDITION MIN TYP MAX UNIT 3.63 V VI2C Supply Voltage Range for I2C Interface fSCL SCL Clock Frequency 400 kHz VIL SCL and SDA Input Low Voltage 0.55 V VIH SCL and SDA Input High Voltage Vhys Hysteresis of Schmitt Trigger Input VOL Low-level Output Voltage (Open-drain) at 4mA Sink Current Ii Input Leakage for each SDA, SCL Pin tSP Pulse Width of Spikes that must be Suppressed by the Input Filter tAA SCL Falling Edge to SDA Output Data Valid Ci Capacitance for each SDA and SCL Pin 4 1.7 1.25 V 0.05VDD V -10 0.4 V 10 µA 50 ns 900 ns 10 pF FN7722.1 March 31, 2011 ISL29030A I2C Electrical Specifications For SCL and SDA unless otherwise noted, VDD = 3V, TA = +25°C, REXT = 499kΩ 1% tolerance (Note 11). Boldface limits apply over the operating temperature range, -40°C to +85°C. (Continued) PARAMETER tHD:STA DESCRIPTION CONDITION MIN TYP MAX UNIT Hold Time (Repeated) START Condition After this period, the first clock pulse is generated 600 ns tLOW LOW Period of the SCL Clock Measured at the 30% of VDD crossing 1300 ns tHIGH HIGH period of the SCL Clock 600 ns tSU:STA Set-up Time for a Repeated START Condition 600 ns tHD:DAT Data Hold Time 30 ns tSU:DAT Data Set-up Time 100 ns tR Rise Time of both SDA and SCL Signals (Note 12) 20 + 0.1xCb ns tF Fall Time of both SDA and SCL Signals (Note 12) 20 + 0.1xCb ns 600 ns 1300 ns tSU:STO tBUF Cb Set-up Time for STOP Condition Bus Free Time Between a STOP and START Condition Capacitive Load for Each Bus Line 400 Maximum is determined by tR and tF 1 pF Rpull-up SDA and SCL system bus pull-up resistor kΩ tVD;DAT Data Valid Time 0.9 µs tVD:ACK Data Valid Acknowledge Time 0.9 µs VnL Noise Margin at the LOW Level 0.1VDD V VnH Noise Margin at the HIGH Level 0.2VDD V NOTES: 11. I2C limits are based on design/simulation and are not production tested. 12. Cb is the capacitance of the bus in pF. FIGURE 1. I2C TIMING DIAGRAM 5 FN7722.1 March 31, 2011 ISL29030A Register Map There are ten 8-bit registers accessible via I2C. Registers 0x1 and 0x2 define the operation mode of the device. Registers 0x3 through 0x7 store the various ALS/IR/Prox thresholds which trigger interrupt events. Registers 0x8 through 0xA store the results of ALS/IR/Prox ADC conversions. TABLE 1. ISL29030A REGISTERS AND REGISTER BITS BIT ADDR REG NAME 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 0x00 (n/a) 0x01 CONFIGURE PROX_EN 0x02 INTERRUPT PROX_FLAG 0x03 PROX_LT PROX_LT[7:0] 0x00 0x04 PROX_HT PROX_HT[7:0] 0xFF 0x05 ALSIR_TH1 ALSIR_LT[7:0] 0x00 0x06 ALSIR_TH2 0x07 ALSIR_TH3 ALSIR_HT[11:4] 0xFF 0x08 PROX_DATA PROX_DATA[7:0] 0x00 0x09 ALSIR_DT1 ALSIR_DATA[7:0] 0x00 0x0A ALSIR_DT2 0x0E TEST1 (Write as 0x00) 0x00 0x0F TEST2 (Write as 0x00) 0x00 (Reserved) PROX_SLP[2:0] PROX_PRST[1:0] (n/a) PROX_DR (Write 0) DEFAULT ALS_FLAG ALSIR_HT[3:0] ALS_EN ALS_RANGE ALSIR_MODE ALS_PRST[1:0] INT_CTRL ALSIR_LT[11:8] (Unused) ALSIR_DATA[11:8] 0x00 0x00 0xF0 0x00 Register Descriptions TABLE 2. REGISTER 0x00 (RESERVED) BIT # ACCESS DEFAULT NAME 7:0 (n/a) (n/a) (n/a) FUNCTION/OPERATION Reserved - no need to read or write TABLE 3. REGISTER 0x01 (CONFIGURE) - PROX/ALS CONFIGURATION BIT # ACCESS DEFAULT NAME FUNCTION/OPERATION 7 RW 0x00 PROX_EN (Prox Enable) When = 0, proximity sensing is disabled When = 1, continuous proximity sensing is enabled. Prox data will be ready 0.54ms after this bit is set high 6:4 RW 0x00 PROX_SLP (Prox Sleep) For bits 6:4 = (see the following) 111; sleep time between prox IR LED pulses is 0.0ms (run continuously) 110; sleep time between prox IR LED pulses is 12.5ms 101; sleep time between prox IR LED pulses is 50ms 100; sleep time between prox IR LED pulses is 75ms 011; sleep time between prox IR LED pulses is 100ms 010; sleep time between prox IR LED pulses is 200ms 001; sleep time between prox IR LED pulses is 400ms 000; sleep time between prox IR LED pulses is 800ms 3 RW 0x00 PROX_DR (Prox Drive) When = 0, IRDR behaves as a pulsed 110mA current sink When = 1, IRDR behaves as a pulsed 220mA current sink 2 RW 0x00 ALS_EN (ALS Enable) When = 0, ALS/IR sensing is disabled When = 1, continuous ALS/IR sensing is enabled with new data ready every 100ms 1 RW 0x00 ALS_RANGE (ALS Range) When = 0, ALS is in low-lux range When = 1, ALS is in high-lux range 0 RW 0x00 ALSIR_MODE (ALSIR Mode) When = 0, ALS/IR data register contains visible ALS sensing data When = 1, ALS/IR data register contains IR spectrum sensing data 6 FN7722.1 March 31, 2011 ISL29030A TABLE 4. REGISTER 0x02 (INTERRUPT) - PROX/ALS INTERRUPT CONTROL BIT # ACCESS DEFAULT BIT NAME FUNCTION/OPERATION 7 FLAG 0x00 PROX_FLAG (Prox Flag) When = 0, no Prox interrupt event has occurred since power-on or last “clear” When = 1, a Prox interrupt event occurred. Clearable by writing “0” 6:5 RW 0x00 PROX_PRST (Prox Persist) For bits 6:5 = (see the following) 00; set PROX_FLAG if 1 conversion result trips the threshold value 01; set PROX_FLAG if 4 conversion results trip the threshold value 10; set PROX_FLAG if 8 conversion results trip the threshold value 11; set PROX_FLAG if 16 conversion results trip the threshold value 4 RW 0x00 Unused (Write 0) 3 FLAG 0x00 ALS_FLAG (ALS FLAG) 2:1 RW 0x00 ALS_PRST (ALS Persist) 0 RW 0x00 INT_CTRL (Interrupt Control) Unused register bit - write 0 When = 0, no ALS interrupt event has occurred since power-on or last “clear” When = 1, an ALS interrupt event occurred. Clearable by writing “0” For bits 2:1 = (see the following) 00; set ALS_FLAG if 1 conversion is outside the set window 01; set ALS_FLAG if 4 conversions are outside the set window 10; set ALS_FLAG if 8 conversions are outside the set window 11; set ALS_FLAG if 16 conversions are outside the set window When = 0, set INT pin low if PROX_FLAG or ALS_FLAG high (logical OR) When = 1, set INT pin low if PROX_FLAG and ALS_FLAG high (logical AND) TABLE 5. REGISTER 0x03 (PROX_LT) - INTERRUPT LOW THRESHOLD FOR PROXIMITY SENSOR BIT # ACCESS DEFAULT BIT NAME 7:0 RW 0x00 PROX_LT (Prox Threshold) FUNCTION/OPERATION 8-bit interrupt low threshold for proximity sensing TABLE 6. REGISTER 0x04 (PROX_HT) - INTERRUPT HIGH THRESHOLD FOR PROXIMITY SENSOR BIT # ACCESS DEFAULT BIT NAME 7:0 RW 0xFF PROX_HT (Prox Threshold) FUNCTION/OPERATION 8-bit interrupt high threshold for proximity sensing TABLE 7. REGISTER 0x05 (ALSIR_TH1) - INTERRUPT LOW THRESHOLD FOR ALS/IR BIT # ACCESS DEFAULT BIT NAME 7:0 RW 0x00 ALSIR_LT[7:0] (ALS/IR Low Thr.) FUNCTION/OPERATION Lower 8 bits (of 12 bits) for ALS/IR low interrupt threshold TABLE 8. REGISTER 0x06 (ALSIR_TH2) - INTERRUPT LOW/HIGH THRESHOLDS FOR ALS/IR BIT # ACCESS DEFAULT BIT NAME FUNCTION/OPERATION 7:4 RW 0x0F ALSIR_HT[3:0] (ALS/IR High Thr.) Lower 4 bits (of 12 bits) for ALS/IR high interrupt threshold 3:0 RW 0x00 ALSIR_LT[11:8] (ALS/IR Low Thr.) Upper 4 bits (of 12 bits) for ALS/IR low interrupt threshold TABLE 9. REGISTER 0x07 (ALSIR_TH3) - INTERRUPT HIGH THRESHOLD FOR ALS/IR BIT # ACCESS DEFAULT BIT NAME 7:0 RW 0xFF ALSIR_HT[11:4] (ALS/IR High Thr.) 7 FUNCTION/OPERATION Upper 8 bits (of 12 bits) for ALS/IR high interrupt threshold FN7722.1 March 31, 2011 ISL29030A TABLE 10. REGISTER 0x08 (PROX_DATA) - PROXIMITY SENSOR DATA BIT # ACCESS DEFAULT BIT NAME FUNCTION/OPERATION 7:0 RO 0x00 PROX_DATA (Proximity Data) Results of 8-bit proximity sensor ADC conversion TABLE 11. REGISTER 0x09 (ALSIR_DT1) - ALS/IR SENSOR DATA (LOWER 8 BITS) BIT # ACCESS DEFAULT BIT NAME 7:0 RO 0x00 ALSIR_DATA (ALS/IR Data) FUNCTION/OPERATION Lower 8 bits (of 12 bits) from result of ALS/IR sensor conversion TABLE 12. REGISTER 0x0A (ALSIR_DT2) - ALS/IR SENSOR DATA (UPPER 4 BITS) BIT # ACCESS DEFAULT BIT NAME 7:4 RO 0x00 (Unused) 3:0 RO 0x00 ALSIR_DATA (ALS/IR Data) FUNCTION/OPERATION Unused bits. Upper 4 bits (of 12 bits) from result of ALS/IR sensor conversion TABLE 13. REGISTER 0x0E (TEST1) - TEST MODE BIT # ACCESS DEFAULT BIT NAME FUNCTION/OPERATION 7:0 RW 0x00 (Write as 0x00) Test mode register. When 0x00, in normal operation. TABLE 14. REGISTER 0x0F (TEST2) - TEST MODE 2 BIT # ACCESS DEFAULT BIT NAME 7:0 RW 0x00 (Write as 0x00) I2C DATA DEVICE ADDRESS START I2C SDA MASTER FUNCTION/OPERATION Test mode register. When 0x00, in normal operation. REGISTER ADDRESS W A A6 A5 A4 A3 A2 A1 A0 W A R7 R6 R5 R4 R3 R2 R1 R0 A I2C SDA SLAVE (ISL29030A) SDA DRIVEN BY MASTER I2C CLK 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 A 8 9 A SDA DRIVEN BY MASTER 1 2 3 4 5 6 DEVICE ADDRESS STOP START 7 8 9 A6 A5 A4 A3 A2 A1 A0 W SDA DRIVEN BY MASTER 1 2 3 4 5 6 DATA BYTE0 A SDA DRIVEN BY ISL29030A A A D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 7 8 9 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 FIGURE 2. I2C DRIVER TIMING DIAGRAM FOR MASTER AND SLAVE CONNECTED TO COMMON BUS 8 FN7722.1 March 31, 2011 ISL29030A Principles of Operation converts the reflected IR wave to a current signal in 0.54ms. The ADC subtracts the IR reading before and after the LED is driven (to remove ambient IR such as sunlight) and converts this value to a digital count stored in Register 0x8. I2C Interface The ISL29030A I2C interface slave address is internally hardwired as 0b1000100. Figure 2 shows a sample one-byte read. The I2C bus master always drives the SCL (clock) line, while either the master or the slave can drive the SDA (data) line. Every I2C transaction begins with the master asserting a start condition (SDA falling while SCL remains high). The first transmitted byte is initiated by the master and includes seven address bits and a R/W bit. The slave is responsible for pulling SDA low during the ACK bit after every transmitted byte. Each I2C transaction ends with the master asserting a stop condition (SDA rising while SCL remains high). The ISL29030A is designed to run two conversions concurrently: a proximity conversion, and an ALS (or IR) conversion. Please note that because of the conversion times, the user must let the ADCs perform one full conversion first before reading from I2C Registers PROX_DATA (wait 0.54ms) or ALSIR_DT1/2 (wait 100ms). The timing between ALS and Prox conversions is arbitrary, as shown in Figure 3. The ALS runs continuously, with new data available every 100ms. The proximity sensor runs continuously, with a time between conversions decided by PROX_SLP (Register 1 Bits [6:4]). Ambient Light and IR Sensing For more information about the I2C standard, please consult the Philips™ I2C specification documents. Photodiodes and ADCs The ISL29030A is set for ambient light sensing when Register bit ALSIR_MODE = 0 and ALR_EN = 1. The light-wavelength response of the ALS appears as shown in Figure 6. ALS measuring mode (as opposed to IR measuring mode) is set by default. The ISL29030A contains two photodiode arrays that convert photons (light) into current. The ALS photodiodes are constructed to mimic the human eye wavelength response curve to visible light (see Figure 7). The ALS photodiode current output is digitized by a 12-bit ADC in 100ms. These 12 bits can be accessed by reading from I2C registers 0x9 and 0xA when the ADC conversion is completed. When the part is programmed for infrared (IR) sensing (ALSIR_MODE = 1; ALS_EN = 1), infrared light is converted into a current and is digitized by the same ALS ADC. The result of an IR conversion is strongly related to the amount of IR energy incident on the sensor, but it is unitless and is referred to in digital counts. The ALS converter is a charge-balancing, integrating, 12-bit ADC. Charge-balancing is best for converting small current signals in the presence of periodic AC noise. Integrating over 100ms highly rejects both 50Hz and 60Hz light flicker by picking the lowest-integer number of cycles for both 50Hz/60Hz frequencies. When proximity sensing is enabled (PROX_EN = 1), the external IR LED is driven through the IRDR pin for 0.1ms by the built-in IR LED driver. The amplitude of the IR LED current depends on Register 1 bit 3: PROX_DR. If this bit is low, the load sees a fixed Proximity Sensing The proximity sensor is an 8-bit ADC that operates in a similar fashion. When proximity sensing is enabled, the IRDR pin drives a user-supplied infrared LED, the emitted IR reflects off an object (i.e., a human head) back into the ISL29030A, and a sensor ALS CONVERSION TIME = 100ms (FIXED) SEVERAL µs BETWEEN CONVERSIONS ALS ACTIVE 100ms PROX SENSOR ACTIVE 100ms 100ms 100ms 100ms TIME 0.54ms FOR PROX CONVERSION TIME IRDR (CURRENT DRIVER) SERIES OF CURRENT PULSES TOTALING 0.1ms TIME SLEEP TIME (PROX_SLP) FIGURE 3. TIMING DIAGRAM FOR PROX/ALS EVENTS - NOT TO SCALE 9 FN7722.1 March 31, 2011 ISL29030A 110mA current pulse. If this bit is high, the load on IRDR sees a fixed 220mA current pulse, as shown in Figure 4. 220mA (PROX_DR = 1) 110mA (PROX_DR = 0) PIN 8 - IRDR (IRDR IS HI-Z WHEN NOT DRIVING) The final interrupt option is the ability to AND or OR the two interrupt flags using Register 2 Bit 0 (INT_CTRL). If the user wants simultaneous ALS and Prox interrupts to happen before changing the state of the interrupt pin, the user sets this bit high. If the user wants the interrupt pin to change state when either the ALS or the Proximity interrupt flag goes high, the user leaves this bit at its default value of 0. Analog-Out IALS Pin FIGURE 4. CURRENT DRIVE MODE OPTIONS When the IR from the LED reaches an object and gets reflected back into the ISL29030A, the reflected IR light is converted into current, as shown by the IR spectral response in Figure 7. One entire proximity measurement takes 0.54ms for one conversion (which includes 0.1ms spent driving the LED), and the period between proximity measurements is decided by PROX_SLP (sleep time) in Register 1 Bits 6:4. Average LED driving current consumption is given by Equation 1. I lRDR ( PEAK ) × 100μs I lRDR ( AVG ) = -------------------------------------------------------T SLEEP + 540μs interrupt persistency options. See ALS_PRST and PROX_PRST bits in Register 2. (EQ. 1) A typical IRDR scheme is 220mA amplitude pulses every 800ms, which yields 28μA DC. Total Current Consumption Total current consumption is the sum of IDD and IIRDR. The IRDR pin sinks current (as shown in Figure 4), and the average IRDR current can be calculated using Equation 1. IDD depends on voltage and the mode of operation, as shown in Figure 11. Interrupt Function The ISL29030A has an intelligent interrupt scheme designed to shift some logic processing away from intensive microcontroller I2C polling routines (which consume power) and toward a more independent light sensor that can instruct a system to “wake up” or “go to sleep.” An ALS interrupt event (ALS_FLAG) is governed by Registers 5 through 7. The user writes high and low threshold values to these registers, and the ISL29030A issues an ALS interrupt flag if the actual counts stored in Registers 0x9 and 0xA are outside the user-programmed window. The user must write 0 to clear the ALS_FLAG. A proximity interrupt event (PROX_FLAG) is governed by the high and low thresholds in Registers 3 and 4 (PROX_LT and PROX_HT). PROX_FLAG is set when the measured proximity data is greater than the high threshold a user-specified consecutive number of times (X; set by the user; see next paragraph). The proximity interrupt flag is cleared when the proximity data is lower than the low proximity threshold X consecutive times, or when the user writes “0” to PROX_FLAG. When ALS_EN = 1, the analog IALS output pin sources a current directly proportional to the digital count stored in register bits ALSIRDATA[11:0]. When ALS_EN = 0, this pin is in a high impedance state. See Figure 15 for the effects of the compliance voltage (VI_ALS) on IALS. ALS Range 1 Considerations When measuring ALS counts higher than 1800 on range 1 (ALSIR_MODE = 0, ALS_RANGE = 0, ALS_DATA > 1800), the user must switch to range 2 (change the ALS_RANGE bit from 0 to 1) and re-measure ALS counts. This recommendation pertains only to applications where the light incident upon the sensor is IR-heavy and is distorted by tinted glass that increases the ratio of infrared to visible light. VDD Power-up and Power Supply Considerations At power-up, ensure a VDD slew rate of 0.5V/ms or greater. After power-up, or if the power supply temporarily deviates from the factory specification (2.25V to 3.63V), Intersil recommends the user write the following: 0x00 to register 0x01, 0x29 to register 0x0F, 0x00 to register 0x0E, and 0x00 to register 0x0F. The user should then wait ~1ms or more and then rewrite all registers to the desired values. If the user prefers a hardware reset method instead of writing to test registers, then set VDD = 0V for 1 second or more, power up again at the required slew rate, and write the desired values to the registers. Power-Down The user can set power-down in two ways. The first is to set both PROX_EN and ALS_EN bits to 0 in Register 1. The second and more simple way is to set all bits in Register 1 to 0 (0x00). Calculating Lux When in ALS mode, the ISL29030A ADC output codes are directly proportional to lux (see ALSIR_MODE bit). E calc = α RANGE × OUT ADC (EQ. 2) In Equation 2, Ecalc is the calculated lux reading, and OUT represents the ADC code. The constant, α, which is to plug in, is determined by the range bit, ALS_RANGE (register 0x1 bit 1) and is independent of the light source type. Interrupt persistency is another useful option available for both ALS and proximity measurements. Persistency requires a userspecified number (X) of consecutive interrupt flags before the INT pin is driven low. Both ALS and Prox have their own independent 10 FN7722.1 March 31, 2011 ISL29030A Typical Circuit TABLE 15. ALS SENSITIVITY AT DIFFERENT RANGES ALS_RANGE αRANGE (Lux/Count) 0 0.0326 1 0.522 A typical application for the ISL29030A is shown in Figure 5. The ISL29030A I2C address is internally hardwired as 0b1000100. The device can be tied onto a system I2C bus together with other I2C compliant devices. Table 15 shows two different scale factors: one for the low range (ALS_RANGE = 0) and the other for the high range (ALS_RANGE = 1). Noise Rejection Charge balancing ADCs have excellent noise-rejection characteristics for periodic noise sources for which frequency is an integer multiple of the conversion rate. For instance, a 60Hz AC unwanted signal’s sum from 0ms to k*16.66ms (k = 1,2...ki) is zero. Similarly, setting the device’s integration time to be an integer multiple of the periodic noise signal greatly improves the light sensor output signal in the presence of noise. Since wall sockets may output at 60Hz or 50Hz, the factory-set integration time is 100ms, which is the lowest common integer number of cycles for both frequencies. Proximity Detection of Various Objects Proximity sensing relies on the amount of IR reflected back from objects. A perfectly black object absorbs all light and reflects no photons. The ISL29030A is sensitive enough to detect black ESD foam, which reflects only 1% of IR. For biological objects, blonde hair reflects more than brown hair, and customers may notice that skin tissue is much more reflective than hair. IR penetrates into the skin and is reflected or scattered back from within. As a result, the proximity count peaks at contact and monotonically decreases as skin moves away. The reflective characteristics of skin are very different from that of paper. Soldering Considerations Convection heating is recommended for reflow soldering; directinfrared heating is not recommended. The plastic ODFN package does not require a custom reflow soldering profile, and is qualified to +260°C. A standard reflow soldering profile with a +260°C maximum is recommended. Suggested PCB Footprint It is important that users see TB477, “Surface Mount Assembly Guidelines for Optical Dual FlatPack No Lead (ODFN) Package” before starting ODFN product board mounting. Layout Considerations The ISL29030A is relatively insensitive to layout. Like other I2C devices, it is intended to provide excellent performance, even in significantly noisy environments. To ensure best performance, route the supply and I2C traces as far as possible from all sources of noise, and place a 0.1µF and 1µF power supply decoupling capacitor close to the device. ALS Sensor Window Layout Special care should be taken to ensure that the sensor is uniformly illuminated, as shown in Figure 16, “8 LD ODFN SENSOR LOCATION OUTLINE - DIMENSIONS IN mm”. Shadows from window openings that affect uniform illumination can distort measurement results. VI2C_PULL-UP R1 10kΩ R2 10kΩ I2C MASTER R3 10kΩ MICROCONTROLLER INT SDA SCL VDD VIR-LED SLAVE_0 V 1 3.5kΩ 2 C1 1µF C2 0.1µF 3 4 IALS IRDR VDD INT GND SDA REXT SCL REXT 499kΩ SLAVE_1 8 7 I2C SLAVE_n SDA SDA SCL SCL 6 5 ISL29030A FIGURE 5. ISL29030A TYPICAL CIRCUIT 11 FN7722.1 March 31, 2011 ISL29030A Typical Performance Curves VDD = 3.0V, REXT = 499kΩ 1.0 1.0 0.8 0.7 0.6 HALOGEN 0.5 INCAND. SUN 0.4 HUMAN EYE 0.9 FLUORESCENT NORMALIZED RESPONSE NORMALIZED INTENSITY 0.9 0.3 0.2 IR/PROX 0.8 ALS 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.1 0 350 550 750 0.0 300 950 400 500 600 FIGURE 6. SPECTRUM OF FOUR LIGHT SOURCES NORMALIZED BY LUMINOUS INTENSITY (LUX) 800 900 1000 1100 FIGURE 7. ISL29030A SENSITIVITY TO DIFFERENT WAVELENGTHS 2500 1.0 HALOGEN LUX METER READING (LX) 0.9 NORMALIZED SENSITIVITY 700 WAVELENGTH (nm) WAVELENGTH (nm) 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 2000 1500 FLUORESCENT 1000 INCANDESCENT 500 0.1 0 -90 -60 -30 0 30 60 0 90 0 1000 ANGULAR OFFSET (°) FIGURE 8. ANGULAR SENSITIVITY 5000 ALS+PROX (DURING PROX SLEEP) 18% GRAY CARD 140 MEASURED IDD (µA) PROX COUNTS (8-BIT) 4000 160 250 220mA MODE 200 110mA MODE 150 100 WHITE COPY PAPER 50 ALS-ONLY 120 100 80 PROX (DURING PROX SLEEP) 60 0 3000 FIGURE 9. ALS LINEARITY OVER 3 LIGHT SOURCES (2000 LUX RANGE) 300 0 2000 ALS CODE (12-BIT) 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 DISTANCE (mm) 160 180 200 FIGURE 10. PROX COUNTS vs DISTANCE WITH 10CM x 10CM REFLECTOR (USING ISL29030A EVALUATION BOARD) 12 40 2.25 2.40 2.55 2.70 2.85 3.00 3.15 INPUT VDD (V) 3.30 3.45 3.60 FIGURE 11. VDD vs IDD FOR VARIOUS MODES OF OPERATION (IALS PIN FLOATING) FN7722.1 March 31, 2011 ISL29030A Typical Performance Curves VDD = 3.0V, REXT = 499kΩ (Continued) 50 240 30 ALS COUNT CHANGE FROM +25°C (%) IIRDR (mA) 40 220mA-MODE (PROX_DR = 1) 220 200 180 160 140 120 100 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 0 -10 -20 -30 -40 110mA-MODE (PROX_DR = 0) 0 20 10 -50 5.0 -40 -20 VIRDR (V) FIGURE 12. IRDR PULSE AMPLITUDE vs VIRDR 0 20 40 TEMPERATURE (°C) 60 80 FIGURE 13. STABILITY OF ALS COUNT OVER-TEMPERATURE (AT 300 LUX) 10 100 9 80 7 IALS (%) 6 IALS (%) ALS CODE (12-BIT) 8 5 4 60 40 3 2 20 1 0 -40 10 TEMPERATURE (°C) FIGURE 14. STABILITY OF ALS COUNT OVER-TEMPERATURE (AT 0.00 LUX) 13 60 0 0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 VI_ALS (V) FIGURE 15. COMPLIANCE VOLTAGE (VI_ALS) EFFECTS ON IALS (REFERENCED TO VI_ALS = 0V) FN7722.1 March 31, 2011 ISL29030A 2.00 SENSOR OFFSET 2.10 0.43 1 8 2 7 3 6 0.50 4 5 0.42 FIGURE 16. 8 LD ODFN SENSOR LOCATION OUTLINE - DIMENSIONS IN mm 14 FN7722.1 March 31, 2011 ISL29030A Revision History The revision history provided is for informational purposes only and is believed to be accurate, but not warranted. Please go to web to make sure you have the latest Rev. DATE REVISION CHANGE 3/18/2011 FN7722.1 Page 7, Table 2, changed ACCESS from RO to (n/a) Page 10, Eq. 1, added “+ 540μs” to the divisor, TSLEEP. Changed IIRDR(AVE) to IIRDR(AVG). Page 10, in “ALS Range 1 Considerations”section, removed reference to document of that title. Page 11, added section, “ALS Sensor Window Layout” Page 16, replaced Package Outline Drawing Rev 1, dated 12/09 with Rev 3, dated 1/11. Converted to latest Intersil datasheet template 11/18/10 FN7722.0 Initial release Products Intersil Corporation is a leader in the design and manufacture of high-performance analog semiconductors. The Company's products address some of the industry's fastest growing markets, such as, flat panel displays, cell phones, handheld products, and notebooks. Intersil's product families address power management and analog signal processing functions. Go to www.intersil.com/products for a complete list of Intersil product families. *For a complete listing of Applications, Related Documentation and Related Parts, please see the respective device information page on intersil.com: ISL29030A To report errors or suggestions for this datasheet, please go to: www.intersil.com/askourstaff FITs are available from our website at: http://rel.intersil.com/reports/sear For additional products, see www.intersil.com/product_tree Intersil products are manufactured, assembled and tested utilizing ISO9000 quality systems as noted in the quality certifications found at www.intersil.com/design/quality Intersil products are sold by description only. Intersil Corporation reserves the right to make changes in circuit design, software and/or specifications at any time without notice. Accordingly, the reader is cautioned to verify that data sheets are current before placing orders. Information furnished by Intersil is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, no responsibility is assumed by Intersil or its subsidiaries for its use; nor for any infringements of patents or other rights of third parties which may result from its use. No license is granted by implication or otherwise under any patent or patent rights of Intersil or its subsidiaries. For information regarding Intersil Corporation and its products, see www.intersil.com 15 FN7722.1 March 31, 2011 ISL29030A Package Outline Drawing L8.2.1x2.0 8 LEAD OPTICAL DUAL FLAT NO-LEAD PLASTIC PACKAGE (ODFN) Rev 3, 1/11 2.10 A 6 PIN 1 INDEX AREA 0.15 B 0.25 6 PIN 1 INDEX AREA 0.50 1.50 2.00 1.50 0.20±0.05 4 (2X) 0.10 M C A B 0.10 8X 0 . 35 ± 0 . 05 TOP VIEW 0.75 BOTTOM VIEW SEE DETAIL "X" 2.50 0.10 C 2.10 0.70±0.05 C BASE PLANE SEATING PLANE 0.08 C SIDE VIEW (6x0.50) (1.50) (8x0.20) C (8x0.20) 5 0 . 00 MIN. 0 . 05 MAX. (8x0.55) DETAIL "X" (0.75) TYPICAL RECOMMENDED LAND PATTERN 0 . 2 REF NOTES: 1. Dimensions are in millimeters. Dimensions in ( ) for Reference Only. 2. Dimensioning and tolerancing conform to ASME Y14.5m-1994. 3. Unless otherwise specified, tolerance : Decimal ± 0.05 4. Dimension applies to the metallized terminal and is measured between 0.25mm and 0.35mm from the terminal tip. 5. Tiebar shown (if present) is a non-functional feature. 6. The configuration of the pin #1 identifier is optional, but must be located within the zone indicated. The pin #1 indentifier may be either a mold or mark feature. 16 FN7722.1 March 31, 2011