RN -41 -DS RN41/RN41N Class 1 Bluetooth Module Features • Fully qualified Bluetooth® version 2.1 module, supports version 2.1 + Enhanced Data Rate (EDR) • Backwards-compatible with Bluetooth version 2.0, 1.2, and 1.1 • Postage stamp sized form factor, 13.4 mm x 25.8 mm x 2 mm • Low power (30 mA connected, < 10 mA sniff mode) • UART (SPP or HCI) and USB (HCI only) data connection interfaces Applications • Sustained SPP data rates: 240 Kbps (slave), 300 Kbps (master) • Cable replacement • Barcode scanners HCI data rates: 1.5 Mbps sustained, 3.0 Mbps burst in HCI mode • Measurement and monitoring systems • Industrial sensors and controls Embedded Bluetooth stack profiles included (requires no host stack): GAP, SDP, RFCOMM, and L2CAP protocols, with SPP and DUN profile support • Medical devices • Asset tracking • Bluetooth SIG qualified, end product listing Description • Castellated SMT pads for easy and reliable PCB mounting • Class 1 high power amplifier with on board ceramic RF chip antenna (RN41) or without antenna (RN41N) • Certifications: FCC, ICS, CE • Environmentally friendly, RoHS compliant • • The RN41 module is a small form factor, low power, class 1 Bluetooth radio that is ideal for designers who want to add wireless capability to their products without spending significant time and money developing Bluetooth-specific hardware and software. The RN41 supports multiple interface protocols, is simple to design in, and is fully certified, making it a complete embedded Bluetooth solution. With its high-performance, on-chip antenna and support for Bluetooth EDR, the RN41 delivers up to a 3-Mbps data rate for distances up to 100 meters. The RN41 is also available without an antenna (RN41N). Figure 1. RN41 Block Diagram RN41 Crystal RF Switch BALUN CSR BlueCore-04 External PA VCC GND GPIO4 GPIO5 GPIO6 USB UART PCM Flash Memory www.rovingnetworks.com Version 3.42r 4/11/2013 1 RN -41 -DS OVERVIEW • Baud rate speeds: 1,200 bps up to 921 Kbps, non-standard baud rates can be programmed • Class 1 radio, 330’ (100 m) range, 15 dBm output transmitter, -80 dBm typical receive sensitivity • Frequency 2,402 ~ 2,480 MHz • FHSS/GFSK modulation, 79 channels at 1-MHz intervals • Secure communication, 128-bit encryption • Error correction for guaranteed packet delivery • Configuration via the local UART and over-the-air RF • Auto-discovery/pairing does not require software configuration (supports instant cable replacement) • Auto-connect master, I/O pin (DTR), and character-based trigger modes The module’s moisture sensitivity level (MSL) is 1. Table 1 shows the module’s size and weight. Table 1. Module Size & Weight Parameter RN41 RN41N Units Size 13.4 x 25.8 x 2 13.4 x 19 x 2 mm Weight 0.055 0.020 Oz. Tables 2 through 5 provide detailed specifications for the module. Table 2. Environmental Conditions Parameter Value o o o o Temperature Range (Operating) -40 C ~ 85 C Temperature Range (Storage) -40 C ~ 85 C Relative Humidity (Operating) ≤ 90% Relative Humidity (Storage) ≤ 90% Table 3. Electrical Characteristics Parameter Supply Voltage (DC) Min. Typ. Max. Units 3.0 3.3 3.6 V RX Supply Current 35 60 mA TX Supply Current 65 100 mA Average Power Consumption Standby/Idle (Default Settings) 25 mA Connected (Normal Mode) 30 mA 8 mA 2.5 mA Connected (Low-Power Sniff) Standby/Idle (Deep Sleep Enabled) www.rovingnetworks.com 250 Version 3.42r 4/11/2013 2 RN -41 -DS Table 4. Radio Characteristics Parameter Frequency (GHz) Min. Typ. Max. Bluetooth Specification Units 2.402 - -80 -86 ≤ -70 dBm 2.441 - -80 -86 dBm 2.480 - -80 -86 dBm 2.402 15.0 16.0 2.441 15.0 16.0 dBm 2.480 15.0 16.0 dBm 2.402 - 5 75 2.441 - 5 75 kHz 2.480 - 5 75 kHz 20-dB Bandwidth for Modulated Carrier - 900 1000 ≤ 1000 kHz Drift (Five Slots Packet) - 15 - 40 kHz Sensitivity at 0.1% BER RF Transmit Power Initial Carrier Frequency Tolerance Drift Rate ∆f1avg Maximum Modulation ∆f2avg Minimum Modulation ≤ 20 75 dBm kHz - 13 - 20 kHz 2.402 140 165 175 > 140 kHz 2.441 140 165 175 2.480 140 165 175 2.402 140 190 - 2.441 140 190 - kHz 2.480 140 190 - kHz kHz kHz 115 kHz Table 5. Digital I/O Characteristics Min. Typ. Max. Units Input Logic Level Low 3.0 V ≤ VDD ≤ 3.3 V -0.4 - +0.8 V Input Logic Level High 0.7 VDD - VDD + 0.4 V Output Logic Level Low - - 0.2 V Output Logic Level High VDD - 0.2 - - V +0.2 +1.0 +5.0 uA All I/O pins (Except reset) Default to Weak Pull Down www.rovingnetworks.com Version 3.42r 4/11/2013 3 RN -41 -DS Figure 2 shows the pinout and Table 6 describes the pins. Figure 2. RN41/RN41N Pinout GND 1 SPI_MOSI 2 GPIO6 3 GPIO7 24 SPI_MISO 23 SPI_CSB 22 4 RESET GND 1 SPI_MOSI 2 GPIO4 GPIO6 3 21 GPIO5 GPIO7 5 20 GPIO3 SPI_CLOCK 6 19 GPIO2 PCM_CLK 7 18 PCM_SYNC 8 PCM_IN 24 SPI_MISO 23 SPI_CSB 22 GPIO4 4 21 GPIO5 RESET 5 20 GPIO3 SPI_CLOCK 6 19 GPIO2 USB_D- PCM_CLK 7 18 USB_D- 17 USB_D+ PCM_SYNC 8 17 USB_D+ 9 16 UART_CTS PCM_IN 9 16 UART_CTS PCM_OUT 10 15 UART_RTS PCM_OUT 10 15 UART_RTS VDD 11 14 UART_TX VDD 11 14 UART_TX GND 12 13 UART_RX GND 12 13 UART_RX GND AIO0 GPIO8 GPIO9 GPIO10 GPIO11 GND AIO0 GND GPIO8 GPIO9 GPIO10 GND 35 29 34 33 32 31 28 30 GPIO11 35 29 34 33 32 31 28 30 AIO1 RN41N Top View AIO1 RN41 Top View Table 6. Pin Description Pin Name Description Default 1 GND Ground – 2 SPI_MOSI Programming only No connect 3 GPIO6 Set Bluetooth master (high = auto-master mode) Input to RN41with weak pulldown 4 GPIO7 Set baud rate (high = force 9,600, low = 115 K or firmware setting) Input to RN41 with weak pulldown 5 RESET Active-low reset Input to RN41 with 1K pullup 6 SPI_CLK Programming only No Connect 7 PCM_CLK PCM interface No Connect 8 PCM_SYNC PCM interface No Connect 9 PCM_IN PCM interface No Connect 10 PCM_OUT PCM interface No Connect 11 VDD 3.3-V regulated power input – 12 GND Ground – 13 UART_RX UART receive input Input to RN41 14 UART_TX UART transmit output High level output from RN41 15 UART_RTS UART RTS, goes high to disable host transmitter Low level output from RN41 16 UART_CTS UART CTS, if set high, it disables transmitter Low level input to RN41 www.rovingnetworks.com Version 3.42r 4/11/2013 4 RN -41 -DS Pin Name Description Default 17 USB_D+ USB port 1.5 K pullup activated when USB port is ready (~500 ms after reset) 18 USB_D- USB port – 19 GPIO2 Status, high when connected, low otherwise Output from RN41 20 GPIO3 Auto discovery = high Input to RN41 with weak pulldown 21 GPIO5 Status, toggles based on state, low on connect Output from RN41 22 GPIO4 Set factory defaults Input to RN41 with weak pulldown 23 SPI_CSB Programming only No connect 24 SPI_MISO Programming only No connect 25 - 27 NC RF pad, keep all traces and planes clear – 28 - 29 GND Ground – 30 AIO0 Optional analog input Not used 31 GPIO8 Status (RF data RX/TX) Output from RN41 32 GPIO9 I/O Input to RN41 with weak pulldown 33 GPIO10 I/O (remote DTR signal) Input to RN41 with weak pulldown 34 GPIO11 I/O (remote RTS signal) Input to RN41 with weak pulldown 35 AIO1 Optional analog input Not Used Figure 3 shows the module’s physical dimensions. Figure 3. RN41/RN41N Physical Dimensions RN41 RN41N www.rovingnetworks.com Version 3.42r 4/11/2013 5 RN -41 -DS TYPICAL APPLICATION SCHEMATIC Figure 4 shows a typical application schematic. Figure 4. Application Schematic www.rovingnetworks.com Version 3.42r 4/11/2013 6 RN -41 -DS DESIGN CONCERNS The following sections provide information on designing with the RN41 module, including radio interference, factory reset, solder reflow profile, connection status, etc. Reset Circuit The RN41 contains a 1k pullup to VCC, and the reset polarity is active low. The module’s reset pin has an optional poweron-reset circuit with a delay, which should only be required if the input power supply has a very slow ramp or tends to bounce or have instability on power up. Often a microcontroller or embedded CPU I/O is available to generate the reset once power is stable. If not, designers can use one of the many low-cost power supervisor chips currently available, such as the MCP809, MCP102/121, and Torex XC61F. Factory Reset Using GPIO4 Roving Networks recommends that designers connect the GPIO4 pin to a switch, jumper, or resistor so it can be accessed. This pin can be used to reset the module to its factory default settings, which is critical in situations where the module has been misconfigured. To reset the module to the factory defaults, GPIO4 should be high on power-up and then toggle low, high, low, high with a 1 second wait between the transitions. Connection Status GPIO5 is available to drive an LED, and it blinks at various speeds to indicate status (see Table 7). GPIO2 is an output that directly reflects the connection state as shown in Table 8. Table 7. GPIO5 Status GPIO5 Status Description Toggle at 1 Hz The module is discoverable and waiting for a connection. Toggle at 10 Hz The module is in command mode. Low The module is connected to another device over Bluetooth. Table 8. GPIO2 Status GPIO2 Status Description High The module is connected to another device over Bluetooth. Low The module is not connected over Bluetooth. HCI Mode Roving Networks offers the Host Controller Interface (HCI) mode in addition to the standard operational mode of its Bluetooth modules (standard mode refers to the on-board stack running on the module). In HCI mode, the on-board stack is bypassed and the module is put in a state that runs the Bluetooth baseband. The HCI provides a command reference interface to the baseband controller and the link manager, and provides access to the hardware status and control registers. This interface provides a uniform method for accessing the Bluetooth baseband capabilities. www.rovingnetworks.com Version 3.42r 4/11/2013 7 RN -41 -DS In this mode, the Bluetooth stack is no longer on-board the module. It is offloaded to the interfacing host processor. The Bluetooth module is used as a radio, performing the lower level MAC functionalities, while the application stack runs on the host processor. Using the module in HCI mode allows designers to implement profiles that are not natively supported on the Bluetooth module. NOTE: HCI mode requires a separate firmware build that must be loaded into the module’s flash at the factory. Is not upgradeable in the field. Roving Networks offers HCI mode in two hardware interfaces: • HCI over UART (RN41HCI-I/RM) • HCI over USB (RN41U-I/RM) HCI over UART In this mode, the hardware interface between the host processor and the Bluetooth module is the UART. You must interface the flow control signals between the host processor and the Bluetooth module for the HCI interface to work. Failure to do so can cause the host processor and the Bluetooth module to become out of sync and break the Bluetooth link. HCI over USB In this mode, the hardware interface between the host processor and the Bluetooth module is the USB. In this architecture, the Bluetooth module is the USB slave and the host processor is the USB host. Using the USB interface offers the advantage of a faster data link between the Bluetooth module and the host processor. With this architecture, it is possible to achieve Bluetooth’s theoretical maximum throughput of 3 Mpbs. Using the SPI Bus to Upgrade the Flash Memory While not required, this bus is very useful for configuring the Bluetooth modules’ advanced parameters. The bus is required when upgrading the module’s firmware. The typical application schematic shown in Figure 4 shows a 6-pin header that can be implemented to gain access to this bus. A minimum-mode version might simply use the SPI signals (4 pins) and obtain ground and VCC from elsewhere in the design. Minimizing Radio Interference When laying out the carrier board for the RN41 module, the areas under the antenna and shielding connections should not have surface traces, ground planes, or exposed vias (see Figure 5). For optimal radio performance, the RN41 module’s antenna end should protrude at least 5 mm beyond any metal enclosure. www.rovingnetworks.com Version 3.42r 4/11/2013 8 RN -41 -DS Figure 5. Minimizing Radio Interference 1.5 mm 1.5 mm 13.4 mm Do not located any surface parts, surface traces, internal traces, or ground planes under the antenna area. 1.5 mm 7.0 mm 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Do not locate vias or surface traces under shield connectors (1.5 mm square). 35 29 1.5 mm 33 31 30 34 32 28 24 23 22 21 10 19 18 17 16 15 14 13 25.6 mm Top View Because the RN41N does not contain an antenna, it does not carry regulatory approvals. If designers use Roving Networks recommended design, they can file for a permissible antenna change and use Roving Networks’ regulatory approvals. Roving Networks recommends the Yageo chip antenna for the RN41N module. For detailed information on this antenna, refer to the Yageo chip antenna data sheet on the Support page of the Roving Networks website at http://www.rovingnetworks.com/Support_Overview. If designers choose to use another antenna, they must go through the regulatory approval process. Solder Reflow Profile The lead-free solder reflow temperature and times are: • Temperature—230° C, 30 - 40 seconds, peak 250° C maximum • Preheat temperature—165° ± 15° C, 90 to 120 seconds • Time—Single pass, one time www.rovingnetworks.com Version 3.42r 4/11/2013 9 RN -41 -DS COMPLIANCE INFORMATION Table 9 describes the module’s compliance information. Table 9. Compliance Information (RN41 Only) Category Country Radio Standard USA FCC ID: FCC CFR47 Part 15 C, para 15.247 Europe EN 300 328-1 T9J-R41-1 EN 300 328-2 2.4GHz EMC Canada IC Canada ID: IC RSS-210 low power comm. device USA FCC CFR47 Part 15 subclass B Europe EN 55022 Class B radiated 6514A-RN411 EN61000-4-2 ESD immunity EN61000-4-3 radiated field EN61000-4-6 RF immunity EN61000-4-8 power magnetic immunity Bluetooth LISTED B013180 Environmental RoHS RoHS compliant ORDERING INFORMATION Table 10 provides ordering information. Table 10. Ordering Information Part Number Description RN41-I/RM Standard Application firmware (SPP/DUN Master and Slave). RN41HCI-I/RM HCI firmware (HCI over H4 UART). RN41U-I/RM USB firmware (HCI over USB port, slave device at 12-Mbps rate). RN41HID-I/RM HID firmware supporting HID device and SPP profiles. RN41N-I/RM Standard application firmware (SPP and DUN) without antenna. RN41NHCI-I/RM HCI firmware (HCI over H4 UART) without antenna. RN41NU-I/RM USB firmware (HCI over USB port) without antenna. RN41NHID-I/RM HID firmware supporting HID device and SPP profiles without antenna. For other configurations, contact Roving Networks directly. Go to http://www.rovingnetworks.com for current pricing and a list of distributors carrying Roving Networks products. www.rovingnetworks.com Version 3.42r 4/11/2013 10 RN -41 -DS REVISION HISTORY Version 3.42r 4/11/2013 • Updated the module part numbers. Version 3.41r 10/15/2012 • Updated the GPIO5 status table to correctly show that when GPIO5 is low, it indicates that the module is connected to another device over Bluetooth. www.rovingnetworks.com Version 3.42r 4/11/2013 11 RN -41 -DS Copyright © 2013 Roving Networks. All rights reserved. Roving Networks is a registered trademark of Roving Networks. Apple Inc., iPhone, iPad, iTunes, Made for iPhone are registered trademarks of Apple Computer. Roving Networks reserves the right to make corrections, modifications, and other changes to its products, documentation and services at any time. Customers should obtain the latest relevant information before placing orders and should verify that such information is current and complete. Roving Networks, Inc. 102 Cooper Court Los Gatos, CA 95032 +1 (408) 395-5300 www.rovingnetworks.com www.rovingnetworks.com Roving Networks assumes no liability for applications assistance or customer’s product design. Customers are responsible for their products and applications which use Roving Networks components. To minimize customer product risks, customers should provide adequate design and operating safeguards. Roving Networks products are not authorized for use in safety-critical applications (such as life support) where a failure of the Roving Networks product would reasonably be expected to cause severe personal injury or death, unless officers of the parties have executed an agreement specifically governing such use. Version 3.42r 4/11/2013 12