ESIGNS NEW D R O F PART ED E ME N T MMEND C O A C L E P R D RE N OT MENDE 5510P-xx R E C OM A K D Data Sheet December 5, 2008 10-Bit, 275/210/170/105MSPS A/D Converter KAD2710L FN6818.0 Features • On-Chip Reference The KAD2710L is the industry’s lowest power, 10-bit, 275MSPS, high performance Analog-to-Digital converter. It is designed with Intersil’s proprietary FemtoCharge™ technology on a standard CMOS process. The KAD2710L offers high dynamic performance (55.6dBFS SNR @ fIN = 138MHz) while consuming less than 280mW. Features include an over-range indicator and a selectable divide-by-2 input clock divider. The KAD2710L is one member of a pin-compatible family offering 8 and 10-bit ADCs with sample rates from 105MSPS to 350MSPS and LVDS-compatible or LVCMOS outputs (Table 1). This family of products is available in 68-pin RoHS-compliant QFN packages with exposed paddle. Performance is specified over the full industrial temperature range (-40°c to +85°C). • Internal Sample and Hold • 1.5VP-P Differential Input Voltage • 600MHz Analog Input Bandwidth • Two’s Complement or Binary Output • Over-Range Indicator • Selectable 2 Clock Input • LVDS Compatible Outputs Applications • High-Performance Data Acquisition • Portable Oscilloscope CLK_P • Power-Amplifier Linearization CLKOUTP Clock Generation CLK_N • Cable Head Ends OVDD CLKDIV AVDD2 AVDD3 • Medical Imaging CLKOUTN D9P – D0P 10-bit 275MSPS ADC INP S/H INN 10 LVDS Drivers 1.21V VREFSEL • Point-to-Point Microwave Systems • Communications Test Equipment ORP • Pb-Free (RoHS Compliant) 2SC + – • Broadband Communications D9N – D0N ORN VREF • Radar and Satellite Antenna Array Processing Key Specs • SNR = 55.6dBFS at fS = 275MSPS, fIN = 138MHz • SFDR = 68.5dBc at fS = 275MSPS, fIN = 138MHz VCM AVSS OVSS • Power Consumption <280mW at fS = 275MSPS Pin-Compatible Family TABLE 1. PIN-COMPATIBLE PRODUCTS RESOLUTION, SPEED LVDS OUTPUTS LVCMOS OUTPUTS 1 8 Bits 350MSPS KAD2708L-35 8 Bits 275MSPS KAD2708L-27 KAD2708C-27 8 Bits 210MSPS KAD2708L-21 KAD2708C-21 8 Bits 170MSPS KAD2708L-17 KAD2708C-17 8 Bits 105MSPS KAD2708L-10 KAD2708C-10 10 Bits 275MSPS KAD2710L-27 KAD2710C-27 10 Bits 210MSPS KAD2710L-21 KAD2710C-21 10 Bits 170MSPS KAD2710L-17 KAD2710C-17 10 Bits 105MSPS KAD2710L-10 KAD2710C-10 CAUTION: These devices are sensitive to electrostatic discharge; follow proper IC Handling Procedures. 1-888-INTERSIL or 1-888-468-3774 | Intersil (and design) is a registered trademark of Intersil Americas Inc. FemtoCharge is a trademark of Kenet Inc. Copyright Intersil Americas Inc. 2008. All Rights Reserved All other trademarks mentioned are the property of their respective owners. KAD2710L Ordering Information PART NUMBER (Note) SPEED (MSPS) TEMP. RANGE (°C) PACKAGE (Pb-Free) KAD2710L-27Q68 275 -40 to +85 68 Ld QFN L68.10x10B KAD2710L-21Q68 210 -40 to +85 68 Ld QFN L68.10x10B KAD2710L-17Q68 170 -40 to +85 68 Ld QFN L68.10x10B KAD2710L-10Q68 105 -40 to +85 68 Ld QFN L68.10x10B PKG. DWG. # NOTE: These Intersil Pb-free plastic packaged products employ special Pb-free material sets, molding compounds/die attach materials, and 100% matte tin plate plus anneal (e3 termination finish, which is RoHS compliant and compatible with both SnPb and Pb-free soldering operations). Intersil Pb-free products are MSL classified at Pb-free peak reflow temperatures that meet or exceed the Pb-free requirements of IPC/JEDEC J STD-020. 2 FN6818.0 December 5, 2008 KAD2710L Table of Contents Absolute Maximum Ratings ......................................... 3 Thermal Information...................................................... 3 Electrical Specifications ............................................... 3 Digital Specifications .................................................... 4 Timing Diagram ............................................................. 5 Timing Specifications ................................................... 5 Thermal Impedance....................................................... 5 ESD ................................................................................. 5 Pin Descriptions ............................................................ 6 Pinout ............................................................................. 7 Typical Performance Curves ........................................ 8 Functional Description ................................................. 11 Reset .......................................................................... Voltage Reference...................................................... Analog Input ............................................................... Clock Input ................................................................. Jitter............................................................................ Digital Outputs ............................................................ 11 11 11 12 12 13 Equivalent Circuits........................................................ 13 Layout Considerations ................................................. 14 Split Ground and Power Planes ................................. Clock Input Considerations......................................... Bypass and Filtering ................................................... LVDS Outputs ............................................................ Unused Inputs ............................................................ 14 14 14 14 14 Definitions...................................................................... 14 Package Outline Drawing ............................................. 15 L68.10x10B ................................................................ 15 3 FN6818.0 December 5, 2008 KAD2710L Absolute Maximum Ratings Thermal Information AVDD2 to AVSS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -0.4V to 2.1V AVDD3 to AVSS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -0.4V to 3.7V OVDD2 to OVSS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -0.4V to 2.1V Analog Inputs to AVSS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -0.4V to AVDD3 + 0.3V Clock Inputs to AVSS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -0.4V to AVDD2 + 0.3V Logic Inputs to AVSS (VREFSEL, CLKDIV) -0.4V to AVDD3 + 0.3V Logic Inputs to OVSS (RST, 2SC) . . . . . . . . -0.4V to OVDD2 + 0.3V VREF to AVSS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -0.4V to AVDD3 + 0.3V Analog Output Currents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10mA Logic Output Currents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10mA LVDS Output Currents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20mA Operating Temperature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .-40°C to +85°C Storage Temperature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .-65°C to +150°C Junction Temperature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . +150°C CAUTION: Do not operate at or near the maximum ratings listed for extended periods of time. Exposure to such conditions may adversely impact product reliability and result in failures not covered by warranty. Electrical Specifications All specifications apply under the following conditions unless otherwise noted: AVDD2 = 1.8V, AVDD3 = 3.3V, OVDD = 1.8V, TA = -40°C to +85°C (typical specifications at +25°C), fSAMPLE = 275MSPS, 210MSPS, 170MSPS and 105MSPS, fIN = Nyquist at -0.5dBFS. KAD2710L-27 PARAMETER SYMBOL CONDITIONS KAD2710L-21 KAD2710L-17 KAD2710L-10 MIN TYP MAX MIN TYP MAX MIN TYP MAX MIN TYP MAX UNITS DC SPECIFICATIONS Analog Input Full-Scale Analog Input Range VFS Full Scale Range Temp. Drift AVTC Common-Mode Output Voltage VCM 1.4 Full Temp 1.5 1.6 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.4 1.5 1.6 VP-P 230 210 198 178 ppm/°C 860 860 860 860 mV Power Requirements 1.8V Analog Supply Voltage AVDD2 1.7 1.8 1.9 1.7 1.8 1.9 1.7 1.8 1.9 1.7 1.8 1.9 V 3.3V Analog Supply Voltage AVDD3 3.15 3.3 3.45 3.15 3.3 3.45 3.15 3.3 3.45 3.15 3.3 3.45 V 1.8V Digital Supply Voltage OVDD 1.7 1.8 1.9 1.8 1.9 1.8 1.9 1.8 1.9 V 1.8V Analog Supply Current IAVDD2 44 51 38 42 35 39 29 33 mA 3.3V Analog Supply Current IAVDD3 41 45 33 37 28 32 21 24 mA 1.8V Digital Supply Current I Power Dissipation 1.7 1.7 1.7 OVDD 36 41 35 39 34 38 31 35 mA PD 278 314 240 268 217 244 178 202 mW AC SPECIFICATIONS Maximum Conversion Rate fS MAX Minimum Conversion Rate fS MIN Differential Nonlinearity 275 INL Signal-to-Noise Ratio SNR SINAD 50 MSPS 50 50 MSPS LSB -1.0 ±0.8 1.5 -1.0 ±0.8 1.5 -1.0 ±0.8 1.5 -1.0 ±0.8 1.5 -2.5 ±1.0 2.0 -2.5 ±1.0 1.5 -2.5 ±1.0 1.5 -2.5 ±1.0 1.5 LSB 55.7 56.4 56.6 56.6 dBFS fIN = Nyquist 53.5 55.6 53.5 56.2 53.5 56.5 53.5 56.5 dBFS 55.2 54.8 54.6 54.5 dBFS fIN = 10MHz 55.3 56.1 56.3 56.3 dBFS fIN = Nyquist 52.5 55.2 52.5 56.0 52.5 56.2 52.5 56.2 dBFS 54.4 53.7 53.4 53.2 dBFS fIN = 430MHz 4 105 fIN = 10MHz fIN = 430MHz Signal-to-Noise and Distortion 170 50 DNL Integral Nonlinearity 210 FN6818.0 December 5, 2008 KAD2710L Electrical Specifications All specifications apply under the following conditions unless otherwise noted: AVDD2 = 1.8V, AVDD3 = 3.3V, OVDD = 1.8V, TA = -40°C to +85°C (typical specifications at +25°C), fSAMPLE = 275MSPS, 210MSPS, 170MSPS and 105MSPS, fIN = Nyquist at -0.5dBFS. (Continued) KAD2710L-27 PARAMETER SYMBOL Effective Number of Bits ENOB CONDITIONS Two-Tone SFDR SFDR KAD2710L-17 KAD2710L-10 MIN TYP MAX MIN TYP MAX MIN TYP MAX MIN TYP MAX UNITS fIN = 10MHz 8.9 fIN = Nyquist Spurious-Free Dynamic Range KAD2710L-21 8.4 8.9 9.0 8.4 9.0 9.1 8.4 9.0 8.4 9.1 Bits 9.0 Bits fIN = 430MHz 8.7 8.6 8.6 8.5 Bits fIN = 10MHz 68.5 70 71 71 dBc fIN = Nyquist 72 dBc fIN = 430MHz 62 63.8 68.5 62.6 60.1 60.9 dBc 2TSFDR fIN = 133MHz, 135MHz 68 70 70 71 dBc 10-12 10-12 10-12 600 600 600 Word Error Rate WER 10-12 Full Power Bandwidth FPBW 600 62 71.1 62 71 62 MHz Digital Specifications PARAMETER SYMBOL CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS INPUTS Input Voltage High (VREFSEL) VIH Input Voltage Low (VREFSEL) VIL 0.8*AVDD3 Input Current High (VREFSEL) IIH VIN = AVDD3 Input Current Low (VREFSEL) IIL VIN = AVSS Input Voltage High (CLKDIV) VIH Input Voltage Low (CLKDIV) VIL Input Current High (CLKDIV) IIH VIN = AVDD3 Input Current Low (CLKDIV) IIL VIN = AVSS Input Voltage High (RST,2SC) VIH Input Voltage Low (RST,2SC) VIL -90 V 0.2*AVDD3 V 0 10 µA -65 -30 µA 0.8*AVDD3 100 V 0.2*AVDD3 V 65 10 µA 0 -10 µA 0.8*OVDD2 Input Current High (RST,2SC) IIH VIN = OVDD Input Current Low (RST,2SC) IIL VIN = OVSS Input Capacitance CDI -50 V 0.2*OVDD2 V 0 10 µA -30 -5 µA 3 pF CLKP, CLKN P-P Differential Input Voltage VCDI CLKP, CLKN Differential Input Resistance RCDI 10 M CLKP, CLKN Common-Mode Input Voltage VCCI 0.9 V VT 210 mV 0.5 3.6 VP-P LVCMOS OUTPUTS Differential Output Voltage Output Offset Voltage VOS 1.15 V Output Rise Time tR 500 ps Output Fall Time tF 500 ps 5 FN6818.0 December 5, 2008 KAD2710L Timing Diagram Sample N INP INN tA CLKN CLKP L tPID CLKOUTN CLKOUTP tPCD tPH D[9:0]P D[9:0]N Data N-L Data N-L+1 Data N invalid FIGURE 1. LVDS TIMING DIAGRAM Timing Specifications PARAMETER SYMBOL MIN TYP MAX UNITS Aperture Delay tA 1.7 ns RMS Aperture Jitter jA 200 fs Input Clock to Data Propagation Delay tPID 3.5 Data Hold Time tPH -300 Output Clock to Data Propagation Delay 6.5 ns ps tPCD 2.8 L 28 cycles tOVR 1 cycle Latency (Pipeline Delay) Overvoltage Recovery 5.0 3.7 ns Thermal Impedance PARAMETER SYMBOL TYP UNIT JP 30 °C/W Junction to Paddle (Note 1) NOTE: 1. Paddle soldered to ground plane. ESD Electrostatic charge accumulates on humans, tools and equipment and may discharge through any metallic package contacts (pins, balls, exposed paddle, etc.) of an integrated circuit. Industry-standard protection techniques have been utilized in the design of this product. However, reasonable care must be taken in the storage and handling of ESD sensitive products. Contact Intersil for the specific ESD sensitivity rating of this product. 6 FN6818.0 December 5, 2008 KAD2710L Pin Descriptions PIN NUMBER NAME 1, 14, 18, 20 AVDD2 2, 7, 10, 19, 21, 24 AVSS Analog Supply Return 3 VREF Reference Voltage Out/In 4 VREFSEL 5 VCM 6, 15, 16, 25 AVDD3 3.3V Analog Supply 8, 9 INP, INN Analog Input Positive, Negative 11-13, 29-32, 62, 63, 67 DNC 17 CLKDIV 22, 23 CLKN, CLKP 26, 45, 61 OVSS 27, 41, 44, 60 OVDD2 28 RST 33, 34 D0N, D0P LVDS Bit 0 (LSB) Output Complement, True 35, 36 D1N, D1P LVDS Bit 1 Output Complement, True 37, 38 D2N, D2P LVDS Bit 2 Output Complement, True 39, 40 D3N, D3P LVDS Bit 3 Output Complement, True 42, 43 CLKOUTN, CLKOUTP LVDS Clock Output Complement, True 46, 47 D4N, D4P LVDS Bit 4 Output Complement, True 48, 49 D5N, D5P LVDS Bit 5 Output Complement, True 50, 51 D6N, D6P LVDS Bit 6 Output Complement, True 52, 53 D7N, D7P LVDS Bit 7 Output Complement, True 54, 55 D8N, D8P LVDS Bit 8 Output Complement, True 56, 57 D9N, D9P LVDS Bit 9 (MSB) Output Complement, True 58, 59 ORN, ORP Over-Range Complement, True 64-66 FUNCTION 1.8V Analog Supply Reference Voltage Select (0:Int 1:Ext) Common-Mode Voltage Output Do Not Connect Clock Divide by Two (Active Low) Clock Input Complement, True Output Supply Return 1.8V LVDS Supply Power On Reset (Active Low) Connect to OVDD2 68 2SC Exposed Paddle AVSS 7 Two’s Complement Select (Active Low) Analog Supply Return FN6818.0 December 5, 2008 KAD2710L Pinout 68 67 66 65 64 63 62 61 60 59 58 57 56 55 54 53 52 2SC DNC OVDD2 OVDD2 OVDD2 DNC DNC OVSS OVDD2 ORP ORN D9P D9N D8P D8N D7P D7N KAD2710C (68 LD QFN) TOP VIEW KAD2710L 68 QFN Top View Not to Scale 51 50 49 48 47 46 45 44 43 42 41 40 39 38 37 36 35 D6P D6N D5P D5N D4P D4N OVSS OVDD2 CLKOUTP CLKOUTN OVDD2 D3P D3N D2P D2N D1P D1N 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 AVDD2 AVSS AVDD2 AVSS CLKN CLKP AVSS AVDD3 OVSS OVDD2 RST DNC DNC DNC DNC D0N D0P AVDD2 AVSS VREF VREFSEL VCM AVDD3 AVSS INP INN AVSS DNC DNC DNC AVDD2 AVDD3 AVDD3 CLKDIV FIGURE 2. PIN CONFIGURATION 8 FN6818.0 December 5, 2008 KAD2710L Typical Performance Curves AVDD2 = OVDD2 = 1.8V, AVDD3 = 3.3V, TA = +25°C, fSAMPLE = 275MSPS, fIN = 137MHz, AIN = -0.5dBFS unless noted. 80 -50 -55 -60 SFDR 70 HD2, HD3 (dBc ) SNR(dBFS), SFDR(dBc) 75 65 60 SNR -65 HD3 -70 -75 -80 HD2 -85 -90 55 -95 50 -100 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 550 fIN (MHz) 0 50 100 75 -40 70 -45 250 300 350 400 450 500 550 fIN (MHz) HD3 -50 65 60 HD2, HD3 (dBc) SNR(dBFS), SFDR(dBc) 200 FIGURE 4. HD2 AND HD3 vs fIN FIGURE 3. SNR AND SFDR vs fIN SNR 55 SFDR 50 -55 -60 HD2 -65 -70 -75 -80 45 -85 40 -30 -25 -20 -15 AIN (dBFS) -10 -5 -90 -30 0 -25 FIGURE 5. SNR AND SFDR vs AIN -15 A IN (dBFS) -10 -5 0 -70 SFDR -75 70 -80 HD2, HD3(dBc) 75 65 60 -20 FIGURE 6. HD2 AND HD3 vs AIN 80 SNR(dBFS), SFDR(dBc) 150 SNR HD3 -85 HD2 -90 -95 55 -100 50 50 100 150 200 fSAMPLE (fS ) (MSPS) 250 FIGURE 7. SNR AND SFDR vs fSAMPLE 9 300 50 100 150 200 f SAMPLE (fS) (MSPS) 250 300 FIGURE 8. HD2 AND HD3 vs fSAMPLE FN6818.0 December 5, 2008 KAD2710L Typical Performance Curves AVDD2 = OVDD2 = 1.8V, AVDD3 = 3.3V, TA = +25°C, fSAMPLE = 275MSPS, fIN = 137MHz, AIN = -0.5dBFS unless noted. (Continued) 300 1 0.75 260 0.5 240 0.25 DNL (LSBs) Power Dissipation (P D) (mW) 280 220 200 0 -0.25 180 -0.5 160 -0.75 140 50 100 150 200 fSAMPLE (fS) (MSPS) 250 -1 0 300 128 256 384 512 CODE 640 768 896 1023 FIGURE 10. DIFFERENTIAL NONLINEARITY vs OUTPUT CODE FIGURE 9. POWER DISSIPATION vs fSAMPLE 1 0.8 0.6 INL (LSBs) 0.4 0.2 0 -0.2 -0.4 -0.6 -0.8 -1 0 128 256 384 512 CODE 640 768 896 1023 FIGURE 11. INTEGRAL NONLINEARITY vs OUTPUT CODE FIGURE 12. NOISE HISTOGRAM 0 0 Ai n = -0.49dBFS A in = -0.49dBFS -20 SF DR = 71.0dBc AMPLITUDE (dB) AMPLITUDE (dB) S FDR = 70.0dBc -40 S INAD = 55.7dBc HD2 = -94.3dBc -60 HD3 = -70.5dBc -80 -40 SINAD = 55.7dBc HD 2 = -84.8dBc -60 HD 3 = -71.0dBc -80 -100 -100 -120 0 SNR = 56.5dBF S -20 S NR = 56.5dBFS 20 40 60 80 FREQUENCY (MHz) 100 FIGURE 13. OUTPUT SPECTRUM; fIN = 10MHz 10 120 -120 0 20 40 60 80 FREQUE NCY (MHz) 100 120 FIGURE 14. OUTPUT SPECTRUM; fIN = 134MHz FN6818.0 December 5, 2008 KAD2710L Typical Performance Curves AVDD2 = OVDD2 = 1.8V, AVDD3 = 3.3V, TA = +25°C, fSAMPLE = 275MSPS, fIN = 137MHz, AIN = -0.5dBFS unless noted. (Continued) 0 0 Ain = -0.50dBFS -20 Ain = -7dBFS SNR = 56.0dBFS -20 -40 RELATIVE POWER (dB) AMPLITUDE (dB) SFD R = 63.6dBc SINAD = 55.1dBc HD2 = -67.8dBc -60 HD3 = - 63.6dBc -80 -120 0 -60 -80 20 40 60 80 FREQ UENCY (MHz) 100 -120 0 120 FIGURE 15. OUTPUT SPECTRUM; fIN = 300MHz 40 60 80 FREQUENCY (MHz) 100 120 0 Ain = -7dBFS -20 IMD3 = -84.5dBFS -40 Ain = -7dBFS -20 2TSFDR = 74.7dBc RELATIVE POWER (dB) RELATIVE POWER (dB) 20 FIGURE 16. TWO-TONE SPECTRUM; fIN = 69MHz, 70MHz 0 -60 -80 -100 2TSFDR = 63dBc IMD3 = -75dBFS -40 -60 -80 -100 0 20 40 60 80 FREQUENCY (MHz) 100 -120 120 FIGURE 17. TWO-TONE SPECTRUM; fIN = 140MHz, 141MHz 0 20 40 60 80 FREQUENCY (MHz) 100 120 FIGURE 18. TWO-TONE SPECTRUM; fIN = 300MHz, 305MHz 75 800 70 700 SFDR 600 65 tCAL(ms) SNR(dBFS), SFDR(dBc) IMD3 = -78dBFS -40 -100 -100 -120 2TSFDR = 71dBc 500 60 400 SNR 55 50 -40 300 -20 0 20 40 Ambient Temperature deg.C FIGURE 19. SNR vs TEMPERATURE 11 60 80 200 100 125 150 175 200 f SAMPLE (f S ) (MSPS) 225 250 275 FIGURE 20. CALIBRATION TIME vs fS FN6818.0 December 5, 2008 KAD2710L Functional Description Voltage Reference The KAD2710 is a ten bit, 275MSPS A/D converter in a pipelined architecture. The input voltage is captured by a sample and hold circuit and converted to a unit of charge. Proprietary charge-domain techniques are used to compare the input to a series of reference charges. These comparisons determine the digital code for each input value. The converter pipeline requires 24 sample clocks to produce a result. Digital error correction is also applied, resulting in a total latency of 28 clock cycles. This is evident to the user as a latency between the start of a conversion and the data being available on the digital outputs. The VREF pin is the reference voltage which sets the full-scale input voltage for the chip. This pin requires a bypass capacitor of 0.1µF at a minimum. The internally generated bandgap reference voltage is provided by an onchip voltage buffer. This buffer can sink or source up to 50µA externally. At power-up, a self-calibration is performed to minimize gain and offset errors. The reset pin (RST) is held low internally at power-up and will remain in that state until the calibration is complete. The clock frequency should remain fixed during this time. An external voltage may be applied to this pin to provide a more accurate reference than the internally generated bandgap voltage, or to match the full-scale reference for multiple KAD2710L chips.One option in the latter configuration is to use one KAD2710L's internally generated reference as the external reference voltage for the other chips in the system. Additionally, an externally provided reference can be changed from the nominal value to adjust the full-scale input voltage within a limited range. Calibration accuracy is maintained for the sample rate at which it is performed, and therefore should be repeated if the clock frequency is changed by more than 10%. Recalibration can be initiated via the RST pin, or power cycling, at any time. To select whether the full-scale reference is internally generated or externally provided, the digital input VREFSEL is set low for internal, or high for external.This pin has internal pull-up.use the internally generated reference VREFSEL can be tied directly to AVSS, and to use an external reference VREFSEL can be left unconnected. Reset Analog Input Recalibration of the ADC can be initiated at any time by driving the RST pin low for a minimum of one clock cycle. An open-drain driver is recommended. The ADC core contains a fully differential input (INP/INN) to the sample and hold circuit. The ideal full-scale input voltage is 1.50V, centered at the VCM voltage of 0.86V as shown in Figure 22. The calibration sequence is initiated on the rising edge of RST, as shown in Figure 21. The over-range output (ORP) is set high once RST is pulled low, and remains in that state until calibration is complete. The ORP output returns to normal operation at that time, so it is important that the analog input be within the converter’s full-scale range in order to observe the transition. If the input is in an overrange state the ORP pin will stay high and it will not be possible to detect the end of the calibration cycle. While RST is low, the output clock (CLKOUTP/CLKOUTN) stops toggling and is set low. Normal operation of the output clock resumes at the next input clock edge (CLKP/CLKN) after RST is deasserted. At 275MSPS the nominal calibration time is ~240ms. CLKN CLKP Calibration Time RST Calibration Begins V 1.8 1.4 0.75V INN INP VCM 1.0 0.86V 0.6 -0.75V 0.2 t FIGURE 22. ANALOG INPUT RANGE Best performance is obtained when the analog inputs are driven differentially. The common-mode output voltage, VCM, should be used to properly bias the inputs as shown in Figures 23 and 24. An RF transformer will give the best noise and distortion performance for wideband and/or high intermediate frequency (IF) inputs. Two different transformer input schemes are shown in Figures 23 and 24. ORP Calibration Complete CLKOUTP FIGURE 21. CALIBRATION TIMING 12 FN6818.0 December 5, 2008 KAD2710L 0.01µF Analog In 50O KAD2710L The recommended drive circuit is shown in Figure 26. The clock can be driven single-ended, but this will reduce the edge rate and may impact SNR performance. VCM ADT1-1WT 1kO 1kO AVDD2 ADT1-1WT 0.1µF CLKP 1nF FIGURE 23. TRANSFORMER INPUT, GENERAL APPLICATION 1nF Clock Input 200O CLKN TC4-1W Analog Input 1000pF ADTL1-12 ADTL1-12 25O FIGURE 26. RECOMMENDED CLOCK DRIVE KAD2710L 1000pF 25O VCM 0.1µF FIGURE 24. TRANSFORMER INPUT FOR HIGH IF APPLICATIONS A back-to-back transformer scheme is used to improve common-mode rejection, which keeps the common-mode level of the input matched to VCM. The value of the shunt resistor should be determined based on the desired load impedance. The sample and hold circuit design uses a switched capacitor input stage, which creates current spikes when the sampling capacitance is reconnected to the input voltage. This creates a disturbance at the input which must settle before the next sampling point. Lower source impedance will result in faster settling and improved performance. Therefore a 1:1 transformer and low shunt resistance are recommended for optimal performance. A differential amplifier can be used in applications that require dc coupling. In this configuration the amplifier will typically determine the achievable SNR and distortion. A typical differential amplifier circuit is shown in Figure 25. Use of the clock divider is optional. The KAD2710L's ADC requires a clock with 50% duty cycle for optimum performance. If such a clock is not available, one option is to generate twice the desired sampling rate and use the KAD2710L's divide-by-2 setting. This frequency divider uses the rising edge of the clock, so 50% clock duty cycle is assured. Table 2 describes the CLKDIV connection. TABLE 2. CLKDIV PIN SETTINGS CLKDIV PIN DIVIDE RATIO AVSS 2 AVDD 1 CLKDIV is internally pulled low, so a pull-up resistor or logic driver must be connected for undivided clock. Jitter In a sampled data system, clock jitter directly impacts the achievable SNR performance. The theoretical relationship between clock jitter (tJ) and SNR is shown in Equation 1 and is illustrated in Figure 27. 1 SNR = 20 log 10 -------------------- 2f t (EQ. 1) IN J 348O 69.8O Where tJ is the RMS uncertainty in the sampling instant. 25O 100O Analog Input 10 0 217O 0.22µF CM 95 KAD2710 tj=0.1p s 90 VCM 100O 69.8O 348O 0.1µF FIGURE 25. DIFFERENTIAL AMPLIFIER INPUT SNR - dB 49.9O 1 4 Bits 85 25O 80 tj=1 ps 1 2 Bits 75 70 tj=1 0p s 65 60 10 Bits tj=10 0p s 55 Clock Input The sample clock input circuit is a differential pair (see Figure 29). Driving these inputs with a high level (up to 1.8VPP on each input) sine or square wave will provide the lowest jitter performance. 13 50 1 10 100 10 00 Input Frequency - MHz FIGURE 27. SNR vs CLOCK JITTER FN6818.0 December 5, 2008 KAD2710L This relationship shows the SNR that would be achieved if clock jitter were the only non-ideal factor. In reality, achievable SNR is limited by internal factors such as linearity, aperture jitter and thermal noise. Internal aperture jitter is the uncertainty in the sampling instant shown in Figure 1. Digital Outputs Data is output on a parallel bus with LVDS-compatible drivers. The output format (Binary or Two’s Complement) is selected via the 2SC pin as shown in Table 3. TABLE 3. 2SC PIN SETTINGS Any internal aperture jitter combines with the input clock jitter in a root-sum-square fashion, since they are not statistically correlated, and this determines the total jitter in the system. The total jitter, combined with other noise sources, then determines the achievable SNR. 2SC PIN MODE AVSS Two’s Complement AVDD (or unconnected) Binary Equivalent Circuits AVDD2 AVDD3 INP 2pF F1 Csamp 0.3pF F2 To Charge Pipeline AVDD2 To Clock Generation CLKP AVDD3 INN 2pF F1 Csamp 0.3pF F2 To Charge Pipeline AVDD2 CLKN FIGURE 28. ANALOG INPUTS FIGURE 29. CLOCK INPUTS OVDD OVDD DATA DATA OVDD D[9:0]P, ORP D[9:0]N, ORN DATA DATA FIGURE 30. LVDS OUTPUTS All Intersil U.S. products are manufactured, assembled and tested utilizing ISO9001 quality systems. Intersil Corporation’s quality certifications can be viewed at www.intersil.com/design/quality Intersil products are sold by description only. Intersil Corporation reserves the right to make changes in circuit design, software and/or specifications at any time without notice. Accordingly, the reader is cautioned to verify that data sheets are current before placing orders. Information furnished by Intersil is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, no responsibility is assumed by Intersil or its subsidiaries for its use; nor for any infringements of patents or other rights of third parties which may result from its use. No license is granted by implication or otherwise under any patent or patent rights of Intersil or its subsidiaries. For information regarding Intersil Corporation and its products, see www.intersil.com 14 FN6818.0 December 5, 2008 KAD2710L Layout Considerations Split Ground and Power Planes Data converters operating at high sampling frequencies require extra care in PC board layout. If analog and digital ground planes are separate, analog supply and ground planes should be laid out under signal and clock inputs and digital planes under outputs and logic pins. Grounds should be joined under the chip. Clock Input Considerations Use matched transmission lines to the inputs for the analog input and clock signals. Locate transformers, drivers and terminations as close to the chip as possible. Bypass and Filtering Bulk capacitors should have low equivalent series resistance. Tantalum is recommended. Keep ceramic bypass capacitors very close to device pins. Longer traces will increase inductance, resulting in diminished dynamic performance and accuracy. Make sure that connections to ground are direct, and low impedance. LVDS Outputs Output traces and connections must be designed for 50 (100 differential) characteristic impedance. Keep trace lengths equal, and minimize bends where possible. Avoid crossing ground and power-plane breaks with signal traces. Unused Inputs The RST and 2SC inputs are internally pulled up, and can be left open-circuit if not used. CLKDIV is internally pulled low, which divides the input clock by two. VREFSEL is internally pulled up. It must be held low for internal reference, but can be left open for external reference. Definitions Analog Input Bandwidth is the analog input frequency at which the spectral output power at the fundamental frequency (as determined by FFT analysis) is reduced by 3dB from its full-scale low-frequency value. This is also referred to as Full Power Bandwidth. Aperture Delay or Sampling Delay is the time required after the rise of the clock input for the sampling switch to open, at which time the signal is held for conversion. Aperture Jitter is the RMS variation in aperture delay for a set of samples. Clock Duty Cycle is the ratio of the time the clock wave is at logic high to the total time of one clock period. Effective Number of Bits (ENOB) is an alternate method of specifying Signal to Noise-and-Distortion Ratio (SINAD). In dB, it is calculated as: ENOB = (SINAD - 1.76)/6.02 Gain Error is the ratio of the difference between the voltages that cause the lowest and highest code transitions to the full-scale voltage (less 2 LSB). It is typically expressed in percent. Integral Non-Linearity (INL) is the deviation of each individual code from a line drawn from negative full-scale (1/2 LSB below the first code transition) through positive fullscale (1/2 LSB above the last code transition). The deviation of any given code from this line is measured from the center of that code. Least Significant Bit (LSB) is the bit that has the smallest value or weight in a digital word. Its value in terms of input voltage is VFS/(2N-1) where N is the resolution in bits. Missing Codes are output codes that are skipped and will never appear at the ADC output. These codes cannot be reached with any input value. Most Significant Bit (MSB) is the bit that has the largest value or weight. Pipeline Delay, or latency, is the number of clock cycles between the initiation of a conversion and the appearance at the output pins of the data. Power Supply Rejection Ratio (PSRR) is the ratio of a change in input voltage necessary to correct a change in output code that results from a change in power supply voltage. Signal to Noise-and-Distortion (SINAD) is the ratio of the RMS signal amplitude to the RMS sum of all other spectral components below one half the clock frequency, including harmonics but excluding DC. Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) (without Harmonics) is the ratio of the RMS signal amplitude to the RMS sum of all other spectral components below one-half the sampling frequency, excluding harmonics and DC. SNR and SINAD are either given in units of dBc when the power level of the fundamental is used as the reference, or dBFS (dB to full scale) when the converter’s full-scale input power is used as the reference. Spurious-Free-Dynamic Range (SFDR) is the ratio of the RMS signal amplitude to the RMS value of the peak spurious spectral component. The peak spurious spectral component may or may not be a harmonic. Two-Tone SFDR is the ratio of the RMS value of the lowest power input tone to the RMS value of the peak spurious component, which may or may not be an IMD product. Differential Non-Linearity (DNL) is the deviation of any code width from an ideal 1 LSB step. 15 FN6818.0 December 5, 2008 KAD2710L Package Outline Drawing L68.10x10B 68 LEAD QUAD FLAT NO-LEAD PLASTIC PACKAGE Rev 0, 11/08 PIN 1 INDEX AREA 6 10.00 A 4X 8.00 B 52 PIN 1 INDEX AREA 6 68 51 1 35 17 64X 0.50 Exp. DAP 7.70 Sq. 10.00 0.15 (4X) 34 18 68X 0.55 TOP VIEW 68X 0.25 4 0.10 M C A B BOTTOM VIEW SEE DETAIL "X" 0.90 Max 8.00 Sq 0.10 C C 0.08 C SEATING PLANE 64X 0.50 SIDE VIEW 68X 0.25 9.65 Sq C 7.70 Sq 0 . 2 REF 5 0 . 00 MIN. 0 . 05 MAX. 68X 0.75 DETAIL "X" TYPICAL RECOMMENDED LAND PATTERN NOTES: 1. Dimensions are in millimeters. Dimensions in ( ) for Reference Only. 2. Dimensioning and tolerancing conform to AMSEY14.5m-1994. 3. Unless otherwise specified, tolerance : Decimal ± 0.05 4. Dimension b applies to the metallized terminal and is measured between 0.15mm and 0.30mm from the terminal tip. 5. Tiebar shown (if present) is a non-functional feature. 6. The configuration of the pin #1 identifier is optional, but must be located within the zone indicated. The pin #1 identifier may be either a mold or mark feature. 16 FN6818.0 December 5, 2008