TS1108 Data Sheet TS1108 Coulomb Counter: Bidirectional Current Sense Amplifier with Integrator + Comparator The TS1108 coulomb counter accurately measures battery depletion while also indicating the battery charging polarity. The battery discharge current is monitored by a currentsense amplifier through an external sense resistor. Utilizing an Integrator and a Comparator plus a Monoshot, the TS1108 voltage-to-frequency converter provides a series of 90 µs output pulses at COUT which represents an accumulation of coulombs flowing out of the battery. The charge count frequency is adjustable by the integration resistor and capacitor. Applications • Power Management Systems • Portable/Battery-Powered Systems • Smart Chargers KEY FEATURES • Coulomb Counting plus Charge Polarity • Adjustable Charge Count Frequency • External Crystal Oscillator Not Required • Low Supply Current • Current Sense Amplifier: 0.68 µA • IVDD: 1.93 µA • High Side Bidirectional Current Sense Amplifier • Wide CSA Input Common Mode Range: +2 V to +27 V • Low CSA Input Offset Voltage: 150 µV(max) • Low Gain Error: 1%(max) • Two Gain Options Available: • Gain = 20 V/V : TS1108-20 • Gain = 200 V/V : TS1108-200 • 16-Pin TQFN Packaging (3 mm x 3 mm) silabs.com | Smart. Connected. Energy-friendly. Rev. 1.0 TS1108 Data Sheet Ordering Information 1. Ordering Information Table 1.1. Ordering Part Numbers Ordering Part Number Description Gain V/V TS1108-20IQT163 Coulomb counter: Bidirectional current sense amplifier with integrator and comparator 20 TS1108-200 IQT1633 Coulomb counter: Bidirectional current sense amplifier with integrator and comparator 200 Note: Adding the suffix “T” to the part number (e.g. TS1108-200IQT1633T) denotes tape and reel. silabs.com | Smart. Connected. Energy-friendly. Rev. 1.0 | 1 TS1108 Data Sheet System Overview 2. System Overview 2.1 Functional Block Diagram Figure 2.1. TS1108 Coulomb Counter Block Diagram silabs.com | Smart. Connected. Energy-friendly. Rev. 1.0 | 2 TS1108 Data Sheet System Overview 2.2 Current Sense Amplifier + Output Buffer The internal configuration of the TS1108 bidirectional current-sense amplifier is a variation of the TS1101 bidirectional current-sense amplifier. The TS1108 current-sense amplifier is configured for fully differential input/output operation. Referring to the block diagram, the inputs of the TS1108’s differential input/output amplifier are connected to RS+ and RS– across an external RSENSE resistor that is used to measure current. At the non-inverting input of the current-sense amplifier, the applied voltage difference in voltage between RS+ and RS– is ILOAD x RSENSE. Since the RS– terminal is the non-inverting input of the internal op-amp, the current-sense op-amp action drives PMOS[1/2] to drive current across RGAIN[A/B] to equalize voltage at its inputs. Thus, since the M1 PMOS source is connected to the inverting input of the internal op-amp and since the voltage drop across RGAINA is the same as the external VSENSE, the M1 PMOS drain-source current is equal to: I DS (M 1) = I DS (M 1) = V SENSE RGAINA I LOAD × RSENSE RGAINA The drain terminal of the M1 PMOS is connected to the transimpedance amplifier’s gain resistor, ROUT, via the inverting terminal. The non-inverting terminal of the transimpedance amplifier is internally connected to VBIAS, therefore the output voltage of the TS1108 at the OUT terminal is: ROUT V OUT = V BIAS − I LOAD × RSENSE × RGAINA When the voltage at the RS– terminal is greater than the voltage at the RS+ terminal, the external VSENSE voltage drop is impressed upon RGAINB. The voltage drop across RGAINB is then converted into a current by the M2 PMOS. The M2 PMOS’ drain-source current is the input current for the NMOS current mirror which is matched with a 1-to-1 ratio. The transimpedance amplifier sources the M2 PMOS drain-source current for the NMOS current mirror. Therefore the output voltage of the TS1108 at the OUT terminal is: ROUT V OUT = V BIAS + I LOAD × RSENSE × RGAINB When M1 is conducting current (VRS+ > VRS–), the TS1108’s internal amplifier holds M2 OFF. When M2 is conducting current (VRS– > VRS+), the internal amplifier holds M1 OFF. In either case, the disabled PMOS does not contribute to the resultant output voltage. The current-sense amplifier’s gain accuracy is therefore the ratio match of ROUT to RGAIN[A/B]. For each of the two gain options available, The following table lists the values for RGAIN[A/B]. Table 2.1. Internal Gain Setting Resistors (Typical Values) GAIN (V/V) RGAIN[A/B] (Ω) ROUT (Ω) Part Number 20 2k 40 k TS1108-20 200 200 40 k TS1108-200 The TS1108 allows access to the inverting terminal of the transimpedance amplifier by the FILT pin, whereby a series RC filter may be connected to reduce noise at the OUT terminal. The recommended RC filter is 4 kΩ and 0.47 µF connected in series from FILT to GND to suppress the noise. Any capacitance at the OUT terminal should be minimized for stable operation of the buffer. silabs.com | Smart. Connected. Energy-friendly. Rev. 1.0 | 3 TS1108 Data Sheet System Overview 2.3 Sign Output The TS1108 SIGN output indicates the load current’s direction. The SIGN output is a logic HIGH when M1 is conducting current (VRS+ > VRS–). Alternatively, the SIGN output is a logic LOW when M2 is conducting current (VRS– > VRS+). The SIGN comparator’s transfer characteristic is illustrated in Figure 1. Unlike other current-sense amplifiers that implement an OUT/SIGN arrangement, the TS1108 exhibits no “dead zone” at ILOAD switchover. Figure 2.2. TS1108 Sign Output Transfer Characteristic 2.4 Integrator + Comparator The TS1108 Coulomb Counter function utilizes an Integrator and a Comparator plus a 90 µs Monoshot. The CSA’s buffered output is applied to the integrator’s input. This signal is integrated by the comparator until it reaches a level that trips the comparator. The comparator’s trip level is determined by the voltage applied to the comparator’s non-inverting terminal, CIN+. The Monoshot produces a 90 µs output pulse at COUT and the integrator is reset. Therefore, each COUT 90 µs pulse represents an accumulation of coulombs (Please refer to the equations in 2.6 Coulomb Counter). The TS1108 Integrator works best when the 90 μs Monoshot represents less than 2% of the total integration period. Therefore, the minimum integration time for a full-scale VSENSE should be limited to 4.7 ms. To guarantee stable operation of the OUT buffer, an integration capacitance of 0.1 µF should be used for integration capacitor, CINT . The maximum integration period can be very long, limited by the leakage current and offset. A reset switch is configured internally to discharge the external integration capacitor, CINT. To enable the Coulomb Counting feature, SW_RST should be tied to either GND or COUT, allowing the 90 µs Monoshot Pulse to control the discharge of CINT. To close the reset switch and short out CINT, SW_RST may be tied high. TS1108’s Coulomb Counting interrupt is provided by the internal comparator with a push-pull output configuration. As shown in the block diagram, the integrator’s output is applied internally to the non-inverting terminal of the comparator, CIN+. Therefore the comparator’s output will latch high for 90 µs once the integrator’s output is charged to the voltage supplied to the comparator’s inverting terminal, CIN–. The inverting terminal of the comparator, CIN–, must be at a higher potential than the voltage supplied to VBIAS for proper operation. The capacitive load at COUT should be minimized for minimal output delays. 2.5 VREF Divider The TS1108 provides an internal voltage divider network to set VBIAS and CIN–, eliminating the need for externally setting the required voltages. The VREF Divider is activated once the voltage applied to VREF is 0.9 V or greater. The VREF divider connects to VBIAS and CIN–, where the VBIAS voltage is equal to 50% of VREF while the CIN– voltage is equal to 90% of VREF . The VREF Divider exhibits a typical total series resistance of 4.6 MΩ from VREF to GND when activated. silabs.com | Smart. Connected. Energy-friendly. Rev. 1.0 | 4 TS1108 Data Sheet System Overview 2.6 Coulomb Counter The amount of charge, or coulombs, over time is measured by the integration of current. The TS1108 Coulomb Counter measures the charge consumed by the load by integrating the voltage output of the Current Sense Amplifier, thereby converting the sensed current at the CSA’s applied input into a measurement of coulombs. The comparator’s output represents a measurement of coulombs per output pulse. The period of the comparator’s output pulses is defined by: tCOUT = RINT C INT (V CIN − − V VBIAS ) GAIN × V SENSE Since a coulomb is defined as the multiplication of current and time, the quantity of coulombs per comparator output pulse can be defined as: OneComparatorOutput Pulse = RINT C INT (V CIN − − V VBIAS ) GAIN × RSENSE Coulombs The comparator’s output pulse can also quantify the ampere-hours (Ah) of battery charge, as most battery manufacturers specify a battery’s capacity in ampere-hours. OneComparatorOutput Pulse = RINT C INT (V CIN − − V VBIAS ) 3600 × GAIN × RSENSE Ah It should be noted that the sense resistor value, RSENSE, should not be used to adjust the relationship between coulombs and the applied sense current to the CSA’s input. The integration resistor, RINT, and the comparator’s upper limit voltage, VCIN–, should be used to adjust the integration time, and therefore the comparator’s output period. 2.7 Selecting a Sense Resistor Selecting the optimal value for the external RSENSE is based on the following criteria and for each commentary follows: 1. RSENSE Voltage Loss 2. VOUT Swing vs. Desired VSENSE and Applied Supply Voltage at VDD 3. Total ILOAD Accuracy 4. Circuit Efficiency and Power Dissipation 5. RSENSE Kelvin Connections 2.7.1 RSENSE Voltage Loss For lowest IR power dissipation in RSENSE, the smallest usable resistor value for RSENSE should be selected. 2.7.2 VOUT Swing vs. Desired VSENSE and Applied Supply Voltage at VDD Although the Current Sense Amplifier draws its power from the voltage at its RS+ and RS– terminals, the signal voltage at the OUT terminal is provided by a buffer, and is therefore bounded by the buffer’s output range. As shown in the Electrical Characteristics table, the CSA Buffer has a maximum and minimum output voltage of: V OUT (max ) = VDD (min ) − 0.2V V OUT (min ) = 0.2V Therefore, the full-scale sense voltage should be chosen so that the OUT voltage is neither greater nor less than the maximum and minimum output voltage defined above. To satisfy this requirement, the positive full-scale sense voltage, VSENSE(pos_max), should be chosen so that: V SENSE ( pos_max ) < VBIAS − V OUT (min ) GAIN Likewise, the negative full-scale sense voltage, VSENSE(neg_min), should be chosen so that: V SENSE (neg_min ) < V OUT (max ) − VBIAS GAIN For best performance, RSENSE should be chosen so that the full-scale VSENSE is less than ±75 mV. silabs.com | Smart. Connected. Energy-friendly. Rev. 1.0 | 5 TS1108 Data Sheet System Overview 2.7.3 Total Load Current Accuracy In the TS1108’s linear region where VOUT(min) < VOUT < VOUT(max), there are two specifications related to the circuit’s accuracy: a) the TS1108 CSA’s input offset voltage (VOS(max) = 150 µV), b) the TS1108 CSA’s gain error (GE(max) = 1%). An expression for the TS1108’s total error is given by: V OUT = VBIAS − GAIN × (1 ± GE ) × V SENSE ± (GAIN × V OS ) A large value for RSENSE permits the use of smaller load currents to be measured more accurately because the effects of offset voltages are less significant when compared to larger VSENSE voltages. Due care though should be exercised as previously mentioned with large values of RSENSE. 2.7.4 Circuit Efficiency and Power Dissipation IR loses in RSENSE can be large especially at high load currents. It is important to select the smallest, usable RSENSE value to minimize power dissipation and to keep the physical size of RSENSE small. If the external RSENSE is allowed to dissipate significant power, then its inherent temperature coefficient may alter its design center value, thereby reducing load current measurement accuracy. Precisely because the TS1108 CSA’s input stage was designed to exhibit a very low input offset voltage, small RSENSE values can be used to reduce power dissipation and minimize local hot spots on the pcb. 2.7.5 RSENSE Kelvin Connections For optimal VSENSE accuracy in the presence of large load currents, parasitic pcb track resistance should be minimized. Kelvin-sense pcb connections between RSENSE and the TS1108’s RS+ and RS– terminals are strongly recommended. The drawing below illustrates the connections between the current-sense amplifier and the current-sense resistor. The pcb layout should be balanced and symmetrical to minimize wiring-induced errors. In addition, the pcb layout for RSENSE should include good thermal management techniques for optimal RSENSE power dissipation. Figure 2.3. Making PCB Connections to RSENSE 2.7.6 RSENSE Composition Current-shunt resistors are available in metal film, metal strip, and wire-wound constructions. Wire-wound current-shunt resistors are constructed with wire spirally wound onto a core. As a result, these types of current shunt resistors exhibit the largest self-inductance. In applications where the load current contains high-frequency transients, metal film or metal strip current sense resistors are recommended. 2.7.7 Internal Noise Filter In power management and motor control applications, current-sense amplifiers are required to measure load currents accurately in the presence of both externally-generated differential and common-mode noise. An example of differential-mode noise that can appear at the inputs of a current-sense amplifier is high-frequency ripple. High-frequency ripple (whether injected into the circuit inductively or capacitively) can produce a differential-mode voltage drop across the external current-shunt resistor, RSENSE. An example of externallygenerated, common-mode noise is the high-frequency output ripple of a switching regulator that can result in common-mode noise injection into both inputs of a current-sense amplifier. Even though the load current signal bandwidth is dc, the input stage of any current-sense amplifier can rectify unwanted out-of-band noise that can result in an apparent error voltage at its output. Against common-mode injection noise, the current-sense amplifier’s internal common-mode rejection ratio is 130 dB (typ). To counter the effects of externally-injected noise, the TS1108 incorporates a 50 kHz (typ), 2nd-order differential low-pass filter as shown in the TS1108’s block diagram, thereby eliminating the need for an external low-pass filter, which can generate errors in the offset voltage and the gain error. silabs.com | Smart. Connected. Energy-friendly. Rev. 1.0 | 6 TS1108 Data Sheet System Overview 2.7.8 PC Board Layout and Power-Supply Bypassing For optimal circuit performance, the TS1108 should be in very close proximity to the external current-sense resistor and the pcb tracks from RSENSE to the RS+ and the RS– input terminals of the TS1108 should be short and symmetric. Also recommended are surface mount resistors and capacitors, as well as a ground plane. silabs.com | Smart. Connected. Energy-friendly. Rev. 1.0 | 7 TS1108 Data Sheet Electrical Charaviscteristics 3. Electrical Charaviscteristics Table 3.1. Recommended Operating Conditions1 Parameter Symbol Conditions Min Typ Max Units 1.7 — 5.25 V 2 — 27 V System Specifications Operating Voltage Range VDD Common-Mode Input Range VCM VRS+, Guaranteed by CMRR Note: 1. All devices 100% production tested at TA = +25 °C. Limits over Temperature are guaranteed by design and characterization. Table 3.2. DC Characteristics1 Parameter Symbol Conditions Min Typ Max Units IRS+ + IRS– See Note 2 — 0.68 1.2 μA — 1.93 2.88 μA System Specifications No Load Input Supply Current IVDD Current Sense Amplifier Common Mode Rejection Ratio Input Offset Voltage3 VOS Hysteresis4 Gain Positive Gain Error5 Negative Gain Error5 Gain Match5 Transfer Resistance CMRR 2 V < VRS+ < 27 V 120 130 — dB VOS TA = +25 °C — ±100 ±150 μV –40 °C < TA < +85 °C — — ±200 μV VHYS TA = +25 °C — 10 — μV G TS1108-20 — 20 — V/V TS1108-200 — 200 — V/V TA = +25 °C — ±0.1 ±0.6 % –40 °C < TA < +85 °C — — ±1 % TA = +25 °C — ±0.6 ±1 % –40 °C < TA < +85 °C — — ±1.4 % TA = +25 °C — ±0.6 ±1 % –40 °C < TA < +85 °C — — ±1.4 % From FILT to OUT 28 40 52 kΩ GE+ GE– GM ROUT CSA Buffer Input Bias Current IBuffer_BIAS — — 0.5 nA Input referred DC Offset VBuffer_OS — — ±2.5 mV — 0.6 — μV/°C 0.2 — VDD – 0.2 V Offset Drift Input Common Mode Range TCVBuffer_OS VBuffer_CM –40 °C < TA < +85 °C CSA Sign Comparator silabs.com | Smart. Connected. Energy-friendly. Rev. 1.0 | 8 TS1108 Data Sheet Electrical Charaviscteristics Parameter Symbol Conditions Min Typ Max Units Output Low Voltage VSIGN_OL VDD = 1.7 V, ISINK = 35 μA — — 0.2 V Output High Voltage VSIGN_OH VDD = 1.7 V, ISOURCE = 35 μA VDD – 0.2 — — V Input Bias Current ICIN–_BIAS CIN– — — 0.5 nA Input Bias Current ICIN+_BIAS CIN+ — 0.3 — nA Comparator Input referred DC offse VC_OS — — ±4 mV Input Common Mode Range VC_CM 0.4 — VDD – 0.4 V COUT Output Range VCOUT(min,max) ICOUT = ±500 μA; VDD = 1.7 V 0.4 — VDD – 0.4 V Output Range VOUT(min,max) IOUT = ±150 μA; VDD = 1.7 V 0.2 — VDD – 0.2 V — — ±2.5 mV — 0.6 — µV/C 0.2 — VDD – 0.2 V Integrator Input Referred DC Offset Offset Drift VINT_OS TCVINT_OS –40 C < TA < +85 C Input Common-Mode Range VINT_CM Output Low Voltage IINT_OL ICIN+(SINK) = 150 μA; VDD = 1.7 V — — 0.2 V Output High Voltage IINT_OH ICIN+(SOURCE) = 150 μA; VDD = 1.7 V VDD – 0.2 — — V VREF(min) VREF Rising edge — — 0.9 V — 4.6 — MΩ VREF Divider VREF Activation voltage Resistor on VREF RVREF VBIAS VVBIAS VREF = 1 V 0.495 0.5 0.505 V CIN– VCIN– VREF = 1 V 0.895 0.9 0.505 V Note: 1. RS+ = RS– = 3.6 V; VSENSE =(VRS+ – VRS–) = 0 V; VDD = 3 V; VBIAS = 1.5 V; CIN+ = 0.75 V; VREF = GND; CLATCH = GND; RFET = 1 MΩ; FILT connected to 4 kΩ and 470 nF in series to GND. TA = TJ = –40 °C to +85 °C unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at TA=+25 °C. 2. Extrapolated to VOUT = VFILT; IRS+ + IRS– is the total current into the RS+ and the RS– pins. 3. Input offset voltage VOS is extrapolated from a VOUT(+) measurement with VSENSE set to +1 mV and a VOUT(–) measurement with VSENSE set to –1 mV; average VOS = (VOUT(–) – VOUT(+))/(2 x GAIN). 4. Amplitude of VSENSE lower or higher than VOS required to cause the comparator to switch output states. 5. Gain error is calculated by applying two values for VSENSE and then calculating the error of the actual slope vs. the ideal transfer characteristic. For GAIN = 20 V/V, the applied VSENSE for GE± is ±25 mV and ±60 mV. For GAIN = 200 V/V, the applied VSENSE for GE± is ±2.5 mV and ±6 mV silabs.com | Smart. Connected. Energy-friendly. Rev. 1.0 | 9 TS1108 Data Sheet Electrical Charaviscteristics Table 3.3. AC Characteristics Parameter Symbol Conditions Min Typ Max Units tOUT_s 1% Final value, VOUT = 1.3 V — 1.35 — msec tSIGN_PD VSENSE = ±1 mV — 3 — msec VSENSE = ±10 mV — 0.4 — msec CINT = 0.1 µF; — — 60 µsec CSA Buffer Output Settling time Sign Comparator Parameters Propagation Delay Reset Switch Capacitor Discharge Time tRESET After comparator trigger Comparator Rising Propagation Delay tC_PDR Overdrive = +10 mV, CCOUT = 15 pF — 9 — µsec Comparator Hysteresis VC_HYS CIN+ Rising — 20 — mV tMONO 1.7 ≤ VDD ≤ 5.25 75.5 90 126 µsec Monoshot Monoshot Time Table 3.4. Thermal Conditions Parameter Symbol Operating Temperature Range TOP silabs.com | Smart. Connected. Energy-friendly. Conditions Min Typ Max Units -40 — +85 °C Rev. 1.0 | 10 TS1108 Data Sheet Electrical Charaviscteristics Table 3.5. Absolute Maximum Limits Parameter Symbol Conditions Min Typ Max Units RS+ Voltage VRS+ –0.3 — 27 V RS– Voltage VRS– –0.3 — 27 V Supply Voltage VDD –0.3 — 6 V OUT Voltage VOUT –0.3 — 6 V SIGN Voltage VSIGN –0.3 — 6 V FILT Voltage VFILT –0.3 — 6 V VSW_RST –0.3 — 6 V COUT Voltage VCOUT –0.3 — 6 V VREF Voltage VVREF –0.3 — 6 V CIN+ Voltage VCIN+ –0.3 — VDD + 0.3 V CIN– Voltage VCIN– –0.3 — VDD + 0.3 V INT– Voltage VINT– –0.3 — VDD + 0.3 V VVBIAS –0.3 — VDD + 0.3 V VRS+ – VRS– — — 27 V Short Circuit Duration: OUT to GND — — Continuous Continuous Input Current (Any Pin) –20 — 20 mA — — 150 °C –65 — 150 °C Lead Temperature (Soldering, 10 s) — — 300 °C Soldering Temperature (Reflow) — — 260 °C Human Body Model — — 2000 V Machine Model — — 200 V SW_RST Voltage VBIAS Voltage RS+ to RS– Voltage Junction Temperature Storage Temperature Range ESD Tolerance silabs.com | Smart. Connected. Energy-friendly. Rev. 1.0 | 11 TS1108 Data Sheet Electrical Charaviscteristics For the following graphs, VRS+ = V RS– = 3.6 V; VDD = 3 V; VREF = GND; VBIAS = 1.5 V, CIN– = 2.5 V, SW_RST = COUT; RINT = 47 kΩ; CINT = 0.1 µF, and TA = +25 C unless otherwise noted. silabs.com | Smart. Connected. Energy-friendly. Rev. 1.0 | 12 TS1108 Data Sheet Electrical Charaviscteristics silabs.com | Smart. Connected. Energy-friendly. Rev. 1.0 | 13 TS1108 Data Sheet Electrical Charaviscteristics silabs.com | Smart. Connected. Energy-friendly. Rev. 1.0 | 14 TS1108 Data Sheet Electrical Charaviscteristics silabs.com | Smart. Connected. Energy-friendly. Rev. 1.0 | 15 TS1108 Data Sheet Electrical Charaviscteristics silabs.com | Smart. Connected. Energy-friendly. Rev. 1.0 | 16 TS1108 Data Sheet Typical Application Circuit 4. Typical Application Circuit Figure 4.1. TS1108 Typical Application Circuit silabs.com | Smart. Connected. Energy-friendly. Rev. 1.0 | 17 TS1108 Data Sheet Pin Descriptions 5. Pin Descriptions TS1108 Table 5.1. Pin Descriptions Pin Label Function 1 SIGN Sign output. SIGN is HIGH for VRS+ > VRS– and LOW for VRS– > VRS+. 2 VDD External power supply pin. Connect this to the system’s VDD supply. 3 VBIAS 4 GND Ground. Connect to analog ground. 5 CIN– Inverting terminal of Comparator. Supply a reference voltage for integration limit. CIN- voltage must be greater than VBIAS. If VREF is activated, leave open. 6 CIN+ Integrator Output and Non-inverting terminal of Comparator. Connect CINT in series from INT–. 7 INT– Inverting Terminal of Integrator. Connect RINT in series from OUT. Connect CINT in series to CIN+. 8 VREF Voltage reference. To activate, a minimum voltage of 0.9 V is required. To disable voltage divider, connect to analog ground, GND. 9 OUT CSA buffered output. Connect RINT in series to INT–. 10 FILT Inverting terminal of CSA Buffer. Connect a series RC Filter of 4 kΩ and 0.47 µF, otherwise leave open. 11 RS+ External Sense Resistor Power-Side Connection 12 RS– External Sense Resistor Load-Side Connection. Connect external PFET’s source. 13 NC No connection. Leave open. 14 Bias voltage for CSA output. When VREF is activated, leave open. SW_RST Integrator Reset Switch control. To enable coulomb counting, connect SW_RST to GND or COUT. Hold SW_RST HIGH to short CIN+ and INT–. 15 NC No connection. Leave open. 16 COUT Coulomb Comparator Counter Output. Exposed Pad EPAD Exposed backside paddle. For best electrical and thermal performance, solder to analog ground. silabs.com | Smart. Connected. Energy-friendly. Rev. 1.0 | 18 TS1108 Data Sheet Packaging 6. Packaging Figure 6.1. TS1108 3x3 mm 16-QFN Package Diagram Table 6.1. Package Dimensions Dimension Min Nom Max A 0.70 0.75 0.80 A1 0.00 0.02 0.05 b 0.20 0.25 0.30 C1 1.50 REF C2 0.25 REF D 3.00 BSC D2 1.90 2.00 e 0.50 BSC E 3.00 BSC 2.10 E2 1.90 2.00 2.10 L 0.20 0.25 0.30 aaa — — 0.05 bbb — — 0.05 ccc — — 0.05 ddd — — 0.10 Note: 1. All dimensions shown are in millimeters (mm) unless otherwise noted. 2. Dimensioning and Tolerancing per ANSI Y14.5M-1994. silabs.com | Smart. Connected. Energy-friendly. Rev. 1.0 | 19 TS1108 Data Sheet Top Marking 7. Top Marking Figure 7.1. Top Marking Table 7.1. Top Marking Explanation Mark Method Laser Pin 1 Mark: Circle = 0.50 mm Diameter (lower left corner) Font Size: 0.50 mm (20 mils) Line 1 Mark Format: Product ID Note: A = 20 gain, B = 200 gain Line 2 Mark Format: TTTT – Mfg Code Manufacturing code Line 3 Mark Format: YY = Year; WW = Work Week Year and week of assembly silabs.com | Smart. Connected. Energy-friendly. Rev. 1.0 | 20 Table of Contents 1. Ordering Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 2. System Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 2.1 Functional Block Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 2.2 Current Sense Amplifier + Output Buffer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 2.3 Sign Output . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 2.4 Integrator + Comparator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 2.5 VREF Divider . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 2.6 Coulomb Counter. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 2.7 Selecting a Sense Resistor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.7.1 RSENSE Voltage Loss . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.7.2 VOUT Swing vs. Desired VSENSE and Applied Supply Voltage at VDD. 2.7.3 Total Load Current Accuracy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.7.4 Circuit Efficiency and Power Dissipation . . . . . . . . . . . 2.7.5 RSENSE Kelvin Connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.7.6 RSENSE Composition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.7.7 Internal Noise Filter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.7.8 PC Board Layout and Power-Supply Bypassing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 5 5 6 6 6 6 6 7 3. Electrical Charaviscteristics. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 4. Typical Application Circuit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 5. Pin Descriptions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 6. Packaging . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 7. Top Marking. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 Table of Contents 21 Smart. Connected. Energy-Friendly Products Quality Support and Community www.silabs.com/products www.silabs.com/quality community.silabs.com Disclaimer Silicon Laboratories intends to provide customers with the latest, accurate, and in-depth documentation of all peripherals and modules available for system and software implementers using or intending to use the Silicon Laboratories products. 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