16A

  *
Non-Isolated
SIP Converter
3.0 - 5.5Vin 16A
      
       
       
     
Non-Isolated
     
       
        
       
          
        
         
         

Operational Features
• Ultra-high efficiency, up to 94% full load, 95% half
• Delivers 16 amps of output current with minimal derating - no heatsink required
• Input voltage range: 3.0 - 5.5V
• Programmable output voltages from 0.85 - 3.6V
• Fixed frequency switching provides predictable EMI
performance
• Fast transient response time
• On-board input and output filter capacitor
• No minimum load requirement means no preload
resistors required
Protection Features
• Input under-voltage lockout disables converter at
low input voltage conditions
• Temperature compensated over-current shutdown
protects converter from excessive load current or
short circuits
• Output over-voltage protection protects load from
damaging voltages (>4.4V)
• Thermal shutdown
* Final datasheet pending ECO review and signature.
NiQor vertical mount SIP module
Mechanical Features
• Industry standard SIP pin-out configuration
•Industry standard size: 2.0” x 0.55” x 0.29 (50.8 x
14 x 7.3mm)
• Total weight: 0.30 oz. (9.4 g), lower mass greatly
reduces vibration and shock problems
• Open frame construction maximizes air flow cooling
• Available in both vertical and horizontal mounting
Control Features
• On/Off control
• Output voltage trim (industry standard) permits
custom voltages and voltage margining
• Remote sense (standard option)
• Fixed output voltage 15A modules available
(0.9V - 3.3V)
Safety Features
• UL 1950 recognized (US & Canada)
• TUV certified to EN60950
• Meets 72/23/EEC and 93/68/EEC directives
which facilitates CE Marking in user’s end product
• Board and plastic components meet UL94V-0 flammability requirements
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Product
# NQ04T33VMA16
Doc.#005-2NV4T3E
005-2NV4T3E Rev. BRev. C 7/6/0403/22/2010
Product
# NQ04T33VMA16 Phone 1-888-567-9596
Phone 1-888-567-9596
Page
Page
1 1
 
Non-Isolated
SIP Converter
MECHANICAL
DIAGRAM
3.0 - 5.5Vin 16A
 
 
 




 

 

 
 

 












 


  




  












  
  
NOTES
1) All pins are 0.025” (0.64mm) +/- 0.003 (0.076mm) square.
2) All Pins: Material - Copper Alloy
Finish - Tin over Nickel plate
3) Vertical, horizontal, vertical with reverse pins and surface
mount options (future) available.
4) Undimensioned components are shown for visual
reference only.
6) All dimensions in inches (mm)
Tolerances: x.xx +/-0.02 in. (x.x +/-0.5mm)
x.xxx +/-0.010 in. (x.xx +/-0.25mm)
7) Weight: 0.30 oz. (9.4 g) typical
8) Workmanship: Meets or exceeds IPC-A-610C Class II
Pin Connection Notes:
1. Pin 10 - for fixed resistors, connect between Trim and
Common (Ground).
2. Pin 11 - see section on Remote ON/OFF pin for description of enable logic options.




  
 
PIN DESIGNATIONS
Pin No.
Name
Function
1
Vout(+)
Positive output voltage
2
Vout(+)
Positive output voltage
3
4
5
A
6
7
8
10
11
SENSE(+)
Vout(+)
Common
I share
Common
Vin(+)
Vin(+)
TRIM1
ON/OFF2
Positive remote sense
Positive output voltage
Current share*
Positive input voltage
Positive input voltage
Output voltage trim (trim-up only)
LOGIC input to turn the converter
on and off.
Pins in Italics Shaded text are Optional
* Contact factory for availability of current share modules.
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# NQ04T33VMA16
Doc.#005-2NV4T3E
005-2NV4T3E Rev. BRev. C 7/6/0403/22/2010
Product
# NQ04T33VMA16 Phone 1-888-567-9596
Phone 1-888-567-9596
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 
Non-Isolated
SIP Converter
MECHANICAL
DIAGRAM
3.0 - 5.5Vin 16A
 
 
 




 

 

 
 
  

  










 

 
 
 

  
 
















  
  


See note on Thermal
Considerations in
Applications section.


 
 
 
 




 

 

 
 











 
 





  















  
  




 
  
  
 
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Product
# NQ04T33VMA16
Doc.#005-2NV4T3E
005-2NV4T3E Rev. BRev. C 7/6/0403/22/2010
Product
# NQ04T33VMA16 Phone 1-888-567-9596
Phone 1-888-567-9596
 
Page
Page
3 3
 
Non-Isolated
SIP Converter
3.0 - 5.5Vin 16A
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS - NQ04T33VMA16 Series
Vin=3.3Vdc and 5.0Vdc except 3.3Vout units where Vin=5.0V; TA=25°C, airflow rate=300 LFM unless otherwise noted; full operating temperature range is -40°C to +105°C ambient temp with appropriate power derating. Specifications subject to change without notice.
Parameter
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
Input Voltage
Non-Operating
Operating
Operating Transient Protection
Operating Temperature
Storage Temperature
Voltage at ON/OFF input pin (N, O options)
Voltage at ON/OFF input pin (P option)
INPUT CHARACTERISTICS
Operating Input Voltage Range1
Input Under-Voltage Lockout1
Turn-On Voltage Threshold
Turn-On Voltage Threshold
Turn-Off Voltage Threshold
Turn-Off Voltage Threshold
Maximum Input Current2 (3.0Vin\4.5Vin)
No-Load Input Current (3.3Vin)
No-Load Input Current (5.0Vin)
Disabled Input Current
Inrush Current Transient Rating
Response to Input Transient (3.3Vin)
Response to Input Transient (5.0 Vin)
Input Reflected-Ripple Current (3.3Vin)
Input Reflected-Ripple Current (5.0Vin)
Input Terminal Ripple Current (3.3Vin)
Input Terminal Ripple Current (5.0Vin)
Recommended Input Fuse
Input Filter Capacitor Value
Input Ripple Voltage (3.3Vin)
Input Ripple Voltage (5.0Vin)
Recommended External Input Capacitance2
Setpoint
Min.
Typ.
Max.
Units
6.0
5.5
7.0
105
125
6.5
Vin + 0.3
V
V
V
°C
°C
V
V
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
-40
-55
-3
-0.5
0.9-2.5V
3.3V
3.0
4.5
3.3-5.0
5.0
5.5
5.5
V
V
0.9-2.5V
3.3V
0.9-2.5V
3.3V
0.9V
1.0V
1.2V
1.5V
1.8V
2.5V
3.3V
0.9-2.5V
0.9-2.5V
3.3V
0.9-2.5V
3.3V
All
0.9V
2.5V
0.9V
3.3V
0.9-1.8V
2.5V
0.9,1.0V
1.2,3.3V
1.5-2.5V
0.9-1.8V
2.5V
0.9,1.0V
1.2,1.5V
1.8,2.5V
3.3V
All
All
0.9,2.5V
1.0-1.8V
0.9-1.2V
1.5,1.8V
2.5,3.3V
All
1.9
4.1
1.9
3.5
2.4
4.3
2.3
3.7
2.85
4.5
2.85
4.0
6.8\4.6
7.4\5.0
8.7\5.8
10.4\7.0
12.2\8.2
16.3\11.0
14.2
105
130
105
25
20
0.1
V
V
V
V
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
mA
mA
mA
mA
mA
A 2s
mV/V
mV/V
mV/V
mV/V
mA
mA
mA
mA
mA
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
µF
mV
mV
mV
mV
mV
µF
3.0
80
100
80
15
10
130
250
75
200
215
135
175
200
235
3.2
2.2
2.7
3.2
3.7
3.2
20
40
135
150
120
140
150
200
Notes & Conditions
continuous
continuous
100ms transient
Negative and Negative/Open logic
Positive/Open logic
Referenced notes on pg. 6
100% Load, 3.0Vin\4.5Vin, nominal Vout
(+10%), full temp range, for all voltages.
3.3Vout at 4.5Vin only
50mV/µs input transient (all)
pk-pk through 1µH inductor;
Figs. 26, 29-30
pk-pk through 1µH inductor;
Figs. 26, 29-30
RMS; 200µF/50mΩ input cap.;
Figs. 26-28
RMS 200µF/50mΩ input cap.;
Figs. 26-28
fast blow external fuse recommended
internal ceramic
RMS, full load, 200µF/50mΩ input cap.
see Fig. 26
RMS, full load, 200µF/50mΩ input cap.
see Fig. 26
net 50mΩ
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Product
# NQ04T33VMA16 Phone 1-888-567-9596
Phone 1-888-567-9596
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4 4
 
Non-Isolated
SIP Converter
3.0 - 5.5Vin 16A
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued) - NQ04T33VMA16 Series
Parameter
OUTPUT CHARACTERISTICS
Output Voltage Set Point6 (50% load)
Output Voltage Regulation
Over Line
Over Load
Over Temperature
Total Output Voltage Range
Output Voltage Ripple & Noise (3.3Vin)
Output Voltage Ripple & Noise (5.0Vin)
Operating Output Current Range
Output DC Over-Current Shutdown3
Maximum Output Capacitance2,4
DYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS
Input Voltage Ripple Rejection (3.3Vin)
Input Voltage Ripple Rejection (5.0Vin)
Output Voltage during Load Current Transient
For a Step Change Iout=0.1A/µs (3.3Vin\5Vin)
For a Step Change Iout=3A/µs (3.3Vin\5Vin)
Settling Time (3.3Vin\5Vin)
Turn-On Transient
Turn-On Time
Start-Up Delay Time
Start-Up Rise Time
Output Voltage Overshoot
EFFICIENCY
100% Load (3.3Vin\5Vin)
Setpoint
Min.
Typ.
Max.
Units
0.9V
1.0V
1.2V
1.5V
1.8V
2.5V
3.3V
0.884
0.984
1.181
1.477
1.773
2.461
3.242
0.900
1.000
1.200
1.500
1.800
2.500
3.300
0.917
1.019
1.221
1.526
1.831
2.543
3.358
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
+0.1
+0.5
+0.2
+4.5
+0.2
%
%
%
%
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
All
0.9V
3.3V
All
0.9V
1.0V
1.2V
1.5V
1.8V
2.5V
3.3V
All
All
All
All
All
0.859
0.957
1.150
1.438
1.727
2.397
3.152
15\6
25\9
0
17
25
0.940
1.044
1.250
1.563
1.875
2.605
3.444
35\12
60\20
16
40
4,000
mV
A
A
µF
Notes & Conditions
see trim equation
Vin range 4.5V - 5.5V
with sense pin
with sense pin
except +5.0% at less than 0.9V
with sense pin, over sample, line, load,
temperature & life (all)
pk-pk\RMS; full load, 20MHz bandwidth;
Figs 26, 31-32
Derate startup load current per Fig. 25
0.9V
2.5V
0.9V
3.3V
51
37
56
39
dB
dB
dB
dB
120 Hz; Figure 39
All
All
All
90\70
70\60
140\40
mV
mV
µs
50%-75%-50% Iout max, 10µF, Fig 15,17
50%-75%-50% Iout max, 470µF, Fig 16,18
All
0.9V
3.3V
0.9V
3.3V
All
0.9V
1.0V
1.2V
1.5V
1.8V
2.5V
3.3V
5.5
2.9
1.5
1.7
2.6
6.8
4.0
2.5
2.5
3.9
84.5/83
85.5/84.5
87.5/86.5
89.5/88.5
91/90
93.5/92.5
94
8.5
5.9
4.3
3.9
5.7
0
ms
ms
ms
ms
ms
%
%
%
%
%
%
%
%
120 Hz; Figure 40
to within 1.5% Vout nom., Fig 15-18
Load current & capacitance per Fig. 25
Enable to Vout=100% nom., Figs 19-22
Enable to 10%, Fig. 23
10% to 90%, Fig. 24
Resistive load, up to 4,000 µF
Figures 1-4
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 
Non-Isolated
SIP Converter
3.0 - 5.5Vin 16A
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued) - NQ04T33VMA16 Series
Parameter
EFFICIENCY (cont.)
50% Load (3.3Vin\5Vin)
TEMP. LIMITS FOR POWER DERATING
Semiconductor Junction Temperature5
Board Temperature5
FEATURE CHARACTERISTICS
Switching Frequency
Negative Logic (N, O) ON/OFF Control
Off-State Voltage
On-State Voltage
Pull-Up Voltage (N logic only)
Pull-Up Resistance (N logic only)
Input Resistance (O logic only)
Positive Logic (P) ON/OFF Control
Logic Low Voltage Range
Logic High Voltage Range (internal pullup)
Logic Low sink current
Logic High sink current (leakage)
Output Voltage Trim Range1,6,8
Output Voltage Remote Sense Range1,7,8
Output Over-Voltage Protection8
Over-Temperature Shutdown
Over-Temperature Shutdown Restart Hysteresis
RELIABILITY CHARACTERISTICS
Calculated MTBF (Telcordia)
Calculated MTBF (MIL-217)
Field Demonstrated MTBF
ModuleP
Min.
0.9V
1.0V
1.2V
1.5V
1.8V
2.5V
3.3V
Typ.
Max.
89/87
89.5/88
91/89.5
92.5/91
93.5/92
95.5/94
95
All
All
All
265
All
All
All
All
All
1.5
-3
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
-0.2
2.2
300
300
Units
Notes & Conditions
%
%
%
%
%
%
%
Figures 1-4
125
125
°C
°C
Package rated to 150°C; Figs 5-14
UL rated max operating temp 130°C
330
kHz
may decrease by up to 30 kHz at -40°C
Figure A, page 16
6.5
0.6
V
V
V
kΩ
kΩ
1
Vin
550
10
3.6
+10
4.35
V
V
µA
µA
V
%
V
°C
°C
2/3 Vin
6.7
20
Open collector/drain input; Figure A
All
All
All
Vin/10K
0.85
3.75
4.05
120
5
10.1
6.6
Measured Vout+ to common pins; Table 1
Measured Vout+ to common pins
Over full temp range
Average PCB Temperature
106 Hrs. TR-NWT-000332; 15A load, 200LFM, 40oC Ta
106 Hrs. MIL-HDBK-217F; 15A load, 200LFM, 40oC Ta
106 Hrs. See website for latest values
Note 1: Maintain a minimum of 0.4V headroom between input and output voltage to meet performance specifications. Unit will perform as the model with the
output voltage that it is trimmed to.
Note 2: Tantalum or similar with additional ceramic as needed to reduce ripple current in external input capacitors. See Figure 26. When using more than
1000µF of output capacitance, input filter inductor should be reduced to <0.3µH or input capacitance should be increased to match output capacitance.
Consult factory for more demanding applications. Also refer to Application Considerations section of this datasheet.
Note 3: The over-current shutdown threshold for a short over-current pulse can be as high as 50A when trimming up a wide trim unit above 1.2V.
Note 4: When trimming a 0.9V unit to less than 0.88V with more than 1000µF of output capacitance, consult factory for trim circuit recommendations. This
also applies to trimming a 1.0V unit below 0.95V.
Note 5: Power derating curves are measured using an evaluation board consisting of 6 layers of 2 ounce copper.
Note 6: Wide trim option unit has a setpoint of 0.753V and a trim range of 0.85V-3.6V.
Note 7: In remote sense applications, when trimming down, the trim-down resistor should be connected to the sense pin for more accurate trimming results.
Note 8: User should allow sufficient transient response headroom between the module’s local output and the minimum OVP threshold.
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 
Non-Isolated
SIP Converter
3.0 - 5.5Vin 16A
STANDARDS COMPLIANCE
Parameter P
Notes
STANDARDS COMPLIANCE
UL/cUL 60950
EN60950
72/23/EEC
93/68/EEC
Needle Flame Test (IEC 695-2-2)
IEC 61000-4-2
GR-1089-CORE
Telcordia (Bellcore) GR-513
File # E194341
Certified by TUV
test on entire assembly; board & plastic components UL94V-0 compliant
ESD test, 8kV - NP, 15kV air - NP (Normal Performance)
Section 7 - electrical safety, Section 9 - bonding/grounding
• An external input fuse must always be used to meet these safety requirements. Contact SynQor for official safety
certificates on new releases or download from the SynQor website.
QUALIFICATION TESTING
Parameter P
QUALIFICATION TESTING
Life Test
Vibration
Mechanical Shock
Temperature Cycling
Power/Thermal Cycling
Design Marginality
Humidity
Solderability
# Units
42
5
5
10
5
5
5
15 pins
Test Conditions
95% rated Vin and load, units at derating point, 1000 hours
10-55Hz sweep, 0.060” total excursion,1 min./sweep, 120 sweeps for 3 axis
100g minimum, 2 drops in x and y axis, 1 drop in z axis
-40°C to 100°C, unit temp. ramp 15°C/min., 500 cycles
Toperating = min to max, Vin = min to max, full load, 100 cycles
Tmin-10°C to Tmax+10°C, 5°C steps, Vin = min to max, 0-105% load
85°C, 85% RH, 1000 hours, continuous Vin applied except 5min./day
MIL-STD-883, method 2003
• Extensive characterization testing of all SynQor products and manufacturing processes is performed to ensure that we supply
robust, reliable product. Contact factory for official product family qualification document.
OPTIONS
PATENTS
PATENTS
SynQor provides various options for Packaging, Enable Logic, Pin
Length and Feature Set for this family of DC/DC converters.
Please consult the last page of this specification sheet for information on available options.
SynQorholds
is protected
under
including
but not limSynQor
the following
U.S.various
patents,patents,
one or more
of which
apply
to U.S.
each Patent
productnumbers:
listed in this
brochure. Additional
patent
ited to
5,999,417;
6,222,742
B1;
applications may be pending or filed in the future.
6,594,159 B2; 6,545,890 B2.
5,999,417
6,222,742
6,545,890
6,577,109
6,594,159
6,731,520
6,894,468
6,896,526
6,927,987
7,050,309
7,072,190
7,085,146
7,119,524
7,269,034
7,272,021
7,272,023
7,558,083
7,564,702
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 
Non-Isolated
SIP Converter




 

 



 
 
 
 
 
 


3.0 - 5.5Vin 16A


 
 
 
 
 
 
 














      






  


  
  






 
 
 
 
 
 













      
















      
 
 
 
 
 
 
 





  





      
  
          
      
          
      








 
 

           
     




  
           
     





   

   

   
   
   




   

   

   
   
   





   
          
              
            






   
          
              
            
www.synqor.com Doc.#
Product
# NQ04T33VMA16
Doc.#005-2NV4T3E
005-2NV4T3E Rev. BRev. C 7/6/0403/22/2010
Product
# NQ04T33VMA16 Phone 1-888-567-9596
Phone 1-888-567-9596
Page
Page
8 8
 
Non-Isolated
SIP Converter
Semiconductor junction temperature is
within 1°C of surface temperature
Semiconductor junction temperature is
within 1°C of surface temperature
            
              
           








 
 
            
              
           


   

   
   
   





   

   

   

   
   
   



3.0 - 5.5Vin 16A


   
          
             
            
Semiconductor junction temperature is
within 1°C of surface temperature
           
              
           






   
          
             
            
Semiconductor junction temperature is
within 1°C of surface temperature
           
              
           
www.synqor.com Doc.#
Product
# NQ04T33VMA16
Doc.#005-2NV4T3E
005-2NV4T3E Rev. BRev. C 7/6/0403/22/2010
Product
# NQ04T33VMA16 Phone 1-888-567-9596
Phone 1-888-567-9596
Page
Page
9 9
 
Non-Isolated
SIP Converter
3.0 - 5.5Vin 16A



 



   

   

   
   
   







Semiconductor junction temperature is
within 1°C of surface temperature
   
          
             
            
           
              
           




           
         Ω 
         
           
         Ω 
         




           
         Ω 
         
           
         Ω 
         
www.synqor.com Doc.#
Product
# NQ04T33VMA16
Doc.#005-2NV4T3E
005-2NV4T3E Rev. BRev. C 7/6/0403/22/2010
Product
# NQ04T33VMA16 Phone 1-888-567-9596
Phone 1-888-567-9596
PagePage
10 10
 
Non-Isolated
SIP Converter
3.0 - 5.5Vin 16A















          
         
          
         














           
      
           
      






  
  




  



  
  





  







  
         
       










  
          
      
www.synqor.com Doc.#
Product
# NQ04T33VMA16
Doc.#005-2NV4T3E
005-2NV4T3E Rev. BRev. C 7/6/0403/22/2010
Product
# NQ04T33VMA16 Phone 1-888-567-9596
Phone 1-888-567-9596
PagePage
11 11
 
Non-Isolated
SIP Converter

Figs. 26-27
<1 µH

source
impedance

 
3.0 - 5.5Vin 16A


Figs. 28-29
iS


Figs. 24-25
iC

DC/DC
Converter
VOUT


VSOURCE



C*











  
        
            
   
* See values for recommended external input
capacitance. Inductor optional as needed. Reduce
to <0.3µH for Cout > 1000µF, unless Cin > Cout.
10 µF
15 µF,
ceramic 100mΩ ESR
capacitor
tantalum
capacitor
         
        
       











           
         
    


           
         
    












          
           
 

          
           
 
www.synqor.com Doc.#
Product
# NQ04T33VMA16
Doc.#005-2NV4T3E
005-2NV4T3E Rev. BRev. C 7/6/0403/22/2010
Product
# NQ04T33VMA16 Phone 1-888-567-9596
Phone 1-888-567-9596
PagePage
12 12
 
Non-Isolated
SIP Converter
3.0 - 5.5Vin 16A













           
        
        
           
        
        
            
         Ω    
           
            
         Ω    
           
            
         Ω    
           
            
         Ω    
           
www.synqor.com Doc.#
Product
# NQ04T33VMA16
Doc.#005-2NV4T3E
005-2NV4T3E Rev. BRev. C 7/6/0403/22/2010
Product
# NQ04T33VMA16 Phone 1-888-567-9596
Phone 1-888-567-9596
PagePage
13 13
 
Non-Isolated
SIP Converter


 
 
 
 

 
   
   

3.0 - 5.5Vin 16A


 
 
 
 
 

 










        
       








 
 
 



 
 


  
  


        
       


 
 
 


 
 


 



















        
       
        
       





 
 
 

 
 

  
  

 
 
 

 
 
 










        
       






        
       
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 
Non-Isolated
SIP Converter

 
 

 
 
 

   

   
3.0 - 5.5Vin 16A

 
 
 
 
 

 













         
      
         
      
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Non-Isolated
SIP Converter
BASIC OPERATION AND FEATURES
The NiQor series non-isolated converter uses a buck-converter
that keeps the output voltage constant over variations in line,
load, and temperature. The NiQor modules employ synchronous rectification for very high efficiency.
3.0 - 5.5Vin 16A
between Pin 10 (TRIM) and the Common Ground Pins. To
acheive a desired output voltage Vout, the value of the resistor
should be:
Rtrim =
21070
VOUT
_ 0.7525
_ 5110
(Ω)
Dissipation throughout the converter is so low that it does not
require a heatsink or metal baseplate for operation. The NiQor
converter can thus be built more simply and reliably using high
yield surface mount techniques on a single PCB substrate.
For example, to program an output voltage of 3.3V, the Rtrim
resistor value is calculated as follows:
The NiQor series of SIPs and SMT converters uses the established industry standard footprint and pin-out configurations.
Note: the TRIM feature does not affect the voltage at which the
output over-voltage protection circuit is triggered. Trimming the
output voltage too high may cause the over-voltage protection
circuit to engage, particularly during transients.
CONTROL FEATURES
REMOTE ON/OFF (Pin 11): The ON/OFF input, Pin 11,
permits the user to control when the converter is on or off. There
are currently two options available for the ON/OFF input
described in the table below. (contact factory for other options)


    
  

   
  

   
  

   
Figure A is a schematic view of the internal ON/OFF circuitry.
Vin
10K
Vin
(N logic only)
ON/OFF
PWM
Enable
10K
ON/OFF
20K
1K
PWM
Enable
20K
Negative
Logic (N,O)
Positive
Logic (P)
15K
       
OUTPUT VOLTAGE TRIM (Pin 10): The TRIM input permits
the user to adjust the output voltage according to the trim range
specifications by using an external resistor. If the TRIM feature
is not being used, leave the TRIM pin disconnected.
TRIM (wide trim output unit): The output voltage of the
NQ04T33 module can be programmed to any voltage from
0.85 to 3.6V by connecting a single external resistor Rtrim
Rtrim = (21070/(3.3 - 0.7525)) - 5110 = 3.16 kΩ
Total DC Variation of Vout: For the converter to meet its
specifications, the maximum variation of the DC value of Vout,
due to both trimming and remote load voltage drops, should
not be greater than that specified for the output voltage trim
range.
PROTECTION FEATURES
Input Under-Voltage Lockout: The converter is designed
to turn off when the input voltage is too low, helping avoid an
input system instability problem, described in more detail in the
application note titled “Input System Instability”. The lockout circuitry is a comparator with DC hysteresis. When the input voltage is rising, it must exceed the typical Turn-On Voltage
Threshold value (listed on the specification page) before the
converter will turn on. Once the converter is on, the input voltage must fall below the typical Turn-Off Voltage Threshold value
before the converter will turn off.
Over Current Shutdown: The converter uses the control
(high-side) MOSFET on-resistance to detect short circuit or
excessive over-current conditions. The converter compensates
for the temperature variation of the MOSFET on-resistance,
keeping the overcurrent threshold roughly constant over temperature. Very short (<1mS) over-current pulses will see a
slightly higher apparent threshold than longer duration overcurrent events. This makes the converter less susceptible to shutdown from transient load conditions. However, once the overcurrent threshold is reached the converter ceases PWM operation within microseconds. After an over-current shutdown, the
converter will remain off for an inhibit period of 18 to 32 milliseconds, and then attempt a soft-start. Depending on the
impedance or current level of the overload condition, the converter will enter a "hiccup mode" where it repeatedly turns on
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Non-Isolated
SIP Converter
and off at a frequency of 25 to 50 Hz, until the overload or
short circuit condition is removed.
Output Over-Voltage Limit: If the voltage across the output
pins exceeds the Output Over-Voltage Protection threshold, the
converter will immediately stop switching. This prevents damage to the load circuit due to 1) excessive series resistance in
output current path from converter output pins to sense point, 2)
a release of a short-circuit condition, or 3) a release of a current limit condition. Load capacitance determines exactly how
high the output voltage will rise in response to these conditions.
After 2-4 ms, the converter will automatically restart. Note the
wide trim model has a typical OVP threshold of 4.1V.
Over-Temperature Shutdown: A temperature sensor on
the converter senses the average temperature of the module.
The thermal shutdown circuit is designed to turn the converter
off when the temperature at the sensed location reaches the
Over-Temperature Shutdown value. It will allow the converter to
turn on again when the temperature of the sensed location falls
by the amount of the Over-Temperature Shutdown Restart
Hysteresis value.
APPLICATION CONSIDERATIONS
Input and Output Filtering: SynQor recommends an external input capacitor of either a tantalum, polymer or aluminum
electrolytic type on the input of the NQ03/NQ04 series nonisolated converters. This capacitance and resistance primarily
provides damping of the input filter, reduces the source impedance and guarantees input stability (see SynQor application
note "Input System Instability"). The input filter is formed by any
source or wiring inductance and the converter’s input capacitance. The external capacitance also provides an additional
benefit of ripple voltage reduction.
A modest sized capacitor would suffice in most conditions, such
as a 330µF, 16V tantalum, with an ESR of approximately 50
mΩ. The NiQor family converters have an internal ceramic
input capacitor to reduce ripple current stress on the external
capacitors. An external ceramic capacitor of similar size
(330µF) with a series resistor of approximately 50 mΩ would
also suffice and would provide the filter damping.
Additional ceramic capacitance may be needed on the input,
in parallel with the tantalum capacitor, to relieve ripple current
stress on the tantalum capacitors. The external capacitance
forms a current divider with the 40µF internal ceramic capacitance. At 300 kHz., the impedance of the internal capacitance
is about 15mΩ capacitive. At that frequency, an SMT 330µF
tantalum capacitor would have an impedance of about 50mΩ
3.0 - 5.5Vin 16A
resistive, essentially just the ESR.
In this example, at full load, that would stress the tantalum input
capacitor to about 3A rms ripple current, possibly beyond its
rating. Placing an additional 40µF of ceramic in parallel with
that capacitor would reduce the ripple current to about 1.5A,
probably within its rating at 85oC. The input ripple current is
proportional to load current, so this example should be scaled
down according to the actual load current.
Additional input capacitance equal to half of the output capacitance is recommended when operating with more than 1000uF
of output capacitance on lower voltage outputs when trimming
down by more than half of the trim-down allowance (e.g., further than -2.5% on a 0.9V, or -5% on a 1.2V).
Input inductance should be reduced for maintaining input stability when operating with large output capacitance
(>1000µF). Reducing input inductance to <0.3µH provides for
good phase margin with up to the 4000µF maximum output
capacitance. If the input inductance must be increased up to
1µH even with large output capacitance (>1000µF), an input
capacitance equal to or greater than the output capacitance
may be needed to compensate the input impedance.
If no inductor is used to isolate the input ripple of the NiQor
converters from the source or from inputs of other NiQor converters, then this external capacitance might be provided by the
DC/DC converter used as the power source. SynQor's
PowerQor series converters typically have tantalum and ceramic output capacitors that would provide the damping.
An input inductor would help isolate the ripple currents and
voltages from the source or other NiQor style converters on the
voltage supply rail. If an input inductor is used, the recommended capacitance should guarantee stability and control the
ripple current for up to 1.0µH of input inductance.
The input inductor need not have very high inductance. A
value of 250 nanohenries would equate to almost 500 miliohm
of series impedance at the switching frequency of 300 kHz.
This would be working against an assumed capacitive ESR of
30mΩ on the supply side of the inductor, providing significant
isolation and ripple reduction.
No external capacitance is required at the output, however, the
ripple voltage can be further reduced if ceramic and tantalum
capacitors are added at the output. Since the internal output
capacitance is about 50µF, approximately that amount of
ceramic capacitance would be needed to produce a noticeable
reduction in output ripple. The value of the tantalum capacitors
is both to provide a high capacitance for pulsed loads and to
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Non-Isolated
SIP Converter
provide damping of the distribution network with their inherent
ESR, which is low, but higher than ceramics. Additional output
capacitance in the range of 300-500µF is beneficial for reducing the deviation in response to a fast load transient.
Input Over-Voltage Prevention: The power system
designer must take precautions to prevent damaging the NiQor
converters by input overvoltage. This is another reason to be
careful about damping the input filter so that no ringing occurs
from an underdamped filter. The voltage must be prevented
from exceeding the absolute maximum voltage indicated in the
Electrical Specifications section of the data sheet under all conditions of turn-on, turn-off and load transients and fault conditions. The power source should have an over voltage shutdown
threshold as close as reasonably possible to the operating
point.
Additional protection can come from additional input capacitance, perhaps on the order of 1,000µF, but contingent on the
source inductance value. A large source inductance would
require more capacitance to keep the input voltage below the
absolute maximum, if the load current were interrupted suddenly. This can be caused by either a shutdown of the NiQor
from a fault or from the load itself, for example when a card is
hot-swapped out, suddenly dropping the load to zero. This is
further justification for keeping the source inductance low, as
mentioned above. When the power source is configured with
remote sensing, the series resistance of the filter inductor and
any other conductors or devices between the source and the
sense point will result in a voltage drop which, in the event of
a load current interruption, would add to the NiQor input voltage.
A TVS device could also be used to clamp the voltage level during these conditions, but the relatively narrow range between
operating voltage and the absolute maximum voltage restrict
the use of these devices to lower source current levels that will
not drive the transient voltage suppressor above the voltage
limit when all the source current is flowing into the clamp. A
TVS would be a good supplemental control, in addition to careful selection of inductance and capacitance values.
Equivalent Model for Input Ripple: A simple but reasonably accurate model of input ripple is to treat the NiQor input
as a pulsed AC current source at 300 kHz.in parallel with a
very low ESR capacitor, see Figure B. The peak-to-peak current
of the source model is equal to the NiQor load current, representing the peak current in the NiQor's smoothing choke. The
capacitor represents the 40µF input ceramic capacitance of the
NiQor converter, with a nearly negligible ESR of less than 1
mΩ. A further refinement can be made by setting the duty cycle
3.0 - 5.5Vin 16A
of the pulsed source to the output voltage divided by the input
voltage.
The only error in this simplified model is that it ignores the
inductive current in the choke, usually less than 20% of the load
current, and it ignores the resistive losses inside the NiQor converter, which would alter the duty cycle very slightly.
The model is a good guide for calculating the effects of external input capacitors and other filter elements on ripple voltage
and ripple current stress on capacitors.
40µF
 p-p
INPUT
<1mΩ
 p-p =  Load
      
High Capacitance Loads with Backdrive: When using
two or more NiQor converters with high capacitance loads
(greater than 1,000µF), special consideration must be given to
the following condition. If a back-drive source is feeding voltage back to a NiQor output, perhaps through some ASIC or
other load device, and the back-driving source is greater than
60% of the input voltage to the NiQor that has not been
enabled yet, an overcurrent condition may exist on startup. This
condition could prevent a proper startup when the second
NiQor is enabled. The condition is caused by the second
NiQor having to ramp the voltage to a high duty cycle with a
high capacitance load, which can trip the overcurrent shutdown, preventing a startup. The following remedies for this situation can be applied:
1) Limit output capacitance on higher voltage outputs to
1,000µF. OR,
2) Prevent back-drive conditions that raise the off-state output
voltage to more than 60% of the input voltage.
Thermal Considerations: For vertical mount applications
at elevated temperatures that call for forced air cooling (see
thermal derating curves - measured using 6 layer 2oz copper
board), the preferred airflow direction is from pin 11 to pin 1,
as indicated in the thermal images provided. If airflow is in the
opposite direction (pin 1 to pin 11) the power devices will run
hotter by about 5 OC (corresponding to an additional 1 ampere
of load derating at conditions where derating occurs).
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Non-Isolated
SIP Converter
For horizontal mount applications (NQ0xxxxHMA parts),
where the inductor and power devices are facing down, the
preferred airflow direction is into the leading edge opposite the
pin header edge, such that air flowing under the NiQor PCB
flows out between the pins and the inductor. With this airflow
direction, and with the inductor firmly contacting the application board, the user can apply the thermal derating curves provided herein (measured using 6 layer 2oz copper board) for
vertical mount with airflow from pin 11 to pin 1. Airflows in
other directions across the horizontally mounted NiQor will
result in temperatures that are higher by about 5 OC with pin 11
to pin 1 airflow and about 10 OC with pin 1 to pin 11 airflow.
Also, temperature increases of up to 10 OC (2 Amp lower derating) can be expected if the inductor thermal interface does
not make good contact to the customer's circuit board.
3.0 - 5.5Vin 16A
tion on the current share feature will be provided in a future
revision of this technical specification. Please contact SynQor
engineering support for further details.
Layout Suggestion: When using a fixed output NiQor converter, the designer may chose to use the trim function and
would thus be required to reserve board space for a trim resistor. It is suggested that even if the designer does not plan to use
the trim function, additional space should be reserved on the
board for a trim resistor. This will allow the flexibility to use the
wide output voltage trim range NiQor module at a later date.
Any trim resistor should connect to the ground or output node
at one of the respective pins of the NiQor, so as to prevent the
trim level from being affected by load drops through the ground
or power planes.
OPTIONAL FEATURES
REMOTE SENSE(+) (Pin 3 - Optional): The optional
SENSE(+) input corrects for voltage drops along the conductors
that connect the converter’s output pins to the load.
Pin 3 should be connected to Vout(+) at the point on the board
where regulation is desired. A remote connection at the load
can adjust for a voltage drop only as large as that specified in
this datasheet, that is
Vout(+) – SENSE(+) < Sense Range % x Vout
Pin 3 must be connected for proper regulation of the output voltage. If these connections are not made, the converter will deliver an output voltage that is slightly higher than its specified
value.
Note: the output over-voltage protection circuit senses the voltage across the output (pins 1, 2 and 4) to determine when it
should trigger, not the voltage across the converter’s sense lead
(pin 3).
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Non-Isolated
SIP Converter
3.0 - 5.5Vin 16A
PART NUMBERING SYSTEM
ORDERING INFORMATION
The part numbering system for SynQor’s NiQor DC/DC converters follows the format shown in the example below.
The tables below show the valid model numbers and ordering options for converters in this product family. When
ordering SynQor converters, please ensure that you use the
complete 15 character part number consisting of the 12
character base part number and the additional 3 characters
for options.
NQ 04 T33 V M A 16 O R S
Options
(see
Ordering Information)
Output Current
Thermal Design
Performance Level
Packaging
(see Order Info)
Output Voltage
Input Voltage
Product Family
The first 12 characters comprise the base part number and
the last 3 characters indicate available options. Although
there are no default values for packaging, enable logic, pin
length and feature set, the most common options are vertical
mount SIP (V), Negative/Open logic (O), 0.160” pins (R)
and Sense feature set (S). These part numbers are more likely to be readily available in stock for evaluation and prototype quantities.
Application Notes
A variety of application notes and technical white papers
can be downloaded in pdf format at www.synqor.com.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
  


 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

 
* NQ04 15amp part numbers represent fixed output voltage units
(see separate datasheets for NQ04xxxxMA15xxx modules).
The following option choices must be included in place of
the p x y z spaces in the model numbers listed above.
 
    

 
    
    
  
  
  
 
  

   
 
   
  

PATENTS
SynQor holds the following U.S. patents, one or more of which
apply to each product listed in this brochure. Additional patent
applications may be pending or filed in the future.
Contact SynQor for further information:
Phone:
Toll Free:
Fax:
E-mail:
Web:
Address:
978-849-0600
888-567-9596
978-849-0602
[email protected]
www.synqor.com
155 Swanson Road
Boxborough, MA 01719
5,999,417
6,222,742
6,545,890
6,577,109
6,594,159
6,731,520
6,894,468
6,896,526
6,927,987
7,050,309
7,072,190
7,085,146
7,119,524
7,269,034
7,272,021
7,272,023
7,558,083
7,564,702
Warranty
SynQor offers a three (3) year limited warranty. Complete warranty
information is listed on our web site or is available upon request from
SynQor.
Information furnished by SynQor is believed to be accurate and reliable.
However, no responsibility is assumed by SynQor for its use, nor for any
infringements of patents or other rights of third parties which may result
from its use. No license is granted by implication or otherwise under any
patent or patent rights of SynQor.
www.synqor.com Doc.#
Product
# NQ04T33VMA16
Doc.#005-2NV4T3E
005-2NV4T3E Rev. BRev. C 7/6/0403/22/2010
Product
# NQ04T33VMA16 Phone 1-888-567-9596
Phone 1-888-567-9596
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