dm00169449

UM1874
User Manual
TwisterSIM
Introduction
TwisterSIM is a unique Electro-Thermal simulator that helps shorten the design solution
cycle by enabling, in a few clicks, complex engineering evaluations with accurate
simulations like load-compatibility, wiring harness optimization, fault condition impact
analysis, diagnostic behavior analysis and Dynamic Thermal performance.
A built-in Interactive Selector provides a short list of suitable devices based on first level
system requirements. It assists in detailing the specific system configuration with layout,
load and driving profile customization to build an accurate model of the final application.
Simulation results, including junction and case thermal profiles, load current and diagnostic
behavior are shown on dedicated scopes views or exported in a number of different
commonly used formats.
TwisterSIM supports a large selection of Low/High-side driver/switches and H-bridges
for Motor Control.
A trial version, to explore the main functionalities of TwisterSIM, is available for download at
www.st.com/twistersim and it also contains, in the main toolbar, the instructions to request
an activation code (free of charge but subject to STMicroelectronics approval) for the full
version.
An on-line forum provides additional support to TwisterSIM users. Access to the forum is
available at www.st.com/twistersim-forum.
April 2016
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www.st.com
1
Contents
UM1874
Contents
1
Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
2
Electro thermal simulator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
2.1
2.2
2.3
2.4
2.5
3
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Device selection and parameters setting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
2.1.1
General device parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
2.1.2
H-Bridge Device parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
2.1.3
24 V Device parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
2.1.4
M07 Device parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
2.1.5
Multichannel Options (2 or 4 channels devices) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Source selection and setting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
2.2.1
DC voltage setting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
2.2.2
Voltage profile setting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Line and sense resistances . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
2.3.1
Line-in resistor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
2.3.2
Line-out resistors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
2.3.3
Sense resistors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Control source . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
2.4.1
Control source type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
2.4.2
H-Bridge input setting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Load selection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
2.5.1
Resistor as load . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
2.5.2
RC parallel as load . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
2.5.3
RL series as load . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
2.5.4
Current, RL and device power dissipation profile as load . . . . . . . . . . . 20
2.5.5
PMDC machine as load . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
2.5.6
Lamp as load . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
2.6
Thermal electrical simulation setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
2.7
Graphical simulation results . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
VIPower interactive selector overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
3.1
Select application nominal and maximum voltage level . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
3.2
Select device topology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
3.3
Select number of channels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
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Contents
3.4
Select load type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
3.5
Source type setting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
3.6
Set ambient & initial device temperature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
3.7
Select PCB type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
3.8
Suggested devices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
Revision history . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
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3
List of tables
UM1874
List of tables
Table 1.
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Document revision history . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
DocID027637 Rev 5
UM1874
List of figures
List of figures
Figure 1.
Figure 2.
Figure 3.
Figure 4.
Figure 5.
Figure 6.
Figure 7.
Figure 8.
Figure 9.
Figure 10.
Figure 11.
Figure 12.
Figure 13.
Figure 14.
Figure 15.
Figure 16.
Figure 17.
Figure 18.
Figure 19.
Figure 20.
Figure 21.
Figure 22.
Figure 23.
Figure 24.
Figure 25.
Figure 26.
Figure 27.
Figure 28.
Figure 29.
Figure 30.
Figure 31.
Figure 32.
Figure 33.
Figure 34.
Figure 35.
Figure 36.
Figure 37.
Figure 38.
Figure 39.
TwisterSIM main view . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Device selection and parameters setting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
DC voltage setting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Voltage profile setting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Line-in resistor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Line-out resistors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Sense resistors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Control source type. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
PWM profile selection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
H-Bridge input setting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Load selection. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Resistor as load . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
RC parallel as load . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
RL series as load . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
Current profile . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
RL load profile. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Device power dissipation profile . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
PMDC machine as load . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
Lamp as load . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
Lamp harness resistors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
Thermal electrical simulation setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
Simulation options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
Simulation progress bar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
Graphical simulation results . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
Create a new function to plot . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
VIPower interactive selector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
Select application nominal and maximum voltage level . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
Select device topology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
Select number of channels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
Select load type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
Resistor as load . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
Inductor as load . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
Lamp (by current) as load . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
Lamp (by Power) as load . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
PMDC motor as load . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
Source type setting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
Set ambient & initial device temperature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
Select PCB type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
Suggested devices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
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Overview
1
UM1874
Overview
Main start window (Figure 1) functionalities:
1.
System Layout: it shows a typical control schematic, including a specific device
(selectable from a list), supply voltage, line harnesses, common loads and a
configurable control input to fit the simulation conditions to a specific architecture
2.
Project Specifications: on the left side, the main project information is summarized
3.
Simulation pane: on bottom-right part, it allows to customize simulation parameters and
open a plot window
4.
VIPower Interactive Selector: built-in "Get Started" utility to facilitate device
identification based on first level system requirements
5.
Quick View: on the bottom side the main electrical data and package info of the device
are outlined. The link View Datasheet allows downloading the datasheet.
Figure 1. TwisterSIM main view
On menu items or toolbar:
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•
Click "File" and select "Load System Layout & Data" or click
button, to load a
complete system layout and simulation data, previously saved
•
Click "File" and select "Save System Layout & Data" or click
complete system layout and simulation data
•
Click "Tools" and select "VIPower Interactive Selector" or click "Get Started" button, to
start VIPower Interactive Selector tool
•
Click “Help” to view this guide, to read the disclaimer or go to the forum page.
DocID027637 Rev 5
button, to save a
UM1874
Overview
On system layout:
•
Click on the components icons to configure and change their values.
On simulation pane:
•
Configure simulation parameters (Section 2.6: Thermal electrical simulation setup)
then click "Simulate" button to start simulation.
A progress bar indicates the state of the simulation. A plotting window automatically opens
when the simulation ends.
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UM1874
2
Electro thermal simulator
2.1
Device selection and parameters setting
Click on the Device Icon in the main window, a new frame opens (Figure 2) where a specific
device can be selected and the related parameters set.
Figure 2. Device selection and parameters setting
2.1.1
General device parameters
Typical values are preselected for each device. All parameters with a white background may
be changed.
Change them manually by inserting a specific value or clicking up/down in the numeric
boxes.
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Electro thermal simulator
The range of values allowed depends on the specific device selected:
•
Ambient and Junction temperature at the beginning of the simulation. Accepted values
are between -40°C and 150°C for all devices
•
ILimH min (A): DC short circuit current (minimum value in test conditions for Tj < Ttsd).
•
ILimL min (A): short circuit current during thermal cycling (minimum value in test
conditions for Tj > Ttsd).
•
RdsOn (mΩ): output drain-source on state resistance at 25°C.
•
Ttsd (°C): Thermal Shutdown Temperature. Accepted values are between 150°C and
200°C for all devices.
•
Cx (°C/W) and Rx (W · S/°C): Thermal Fitting model parameters (see component
datasheet for further information).
In PCB pop-up Menu choose from a list of preset Heat Sink (with preset values of Cx and
Rx, accordingly to the relevant datasheet) or set "Custom PCB" to manually insert Cx and
Rx values.
Values outside the boundaries are automatically restored to the max/min allowed value.
2.1.2
H-Bridge Device parameters
•
ILimH min (A): High-Side Current Limitation (minimum value in test conditions).
•
ISD_LS (A): Low-Side Shutdown Current.
•
Ron HS/LS (mΩ): high/low side drain-source on state resistances at 25°C.
H-Bridge Device selection is not available if Power Profile is selected.
H-Bridge Device selection disables Power Profile, Lamp Selection and Reverse Diode
selection in parallel with RL load.
2.1.3
24 V Device parameters
•
2.1.4
2.1.5
V(FR_Stby) = 5: Check to connect Fault reset standby pin at 5 V.
M07 Device parameters
•
V(FAULTRST) = 5: Check to connect Fault reset pin at 5 V
•
V(sel0) = 5: Check to connect sel0 pin at 5 V
•
V(sel1) = 5: Check to connect sel1 pin at 5 V.
Multichannel Options (2 or 4 channels devices)
•
Check "connect In channels in parallel" to connect the Inputs of the channels in
parallel. Relevant changes are reflected in the "source section"
•
Check "connect Out channels in parallel" to connect the Outputs of the channels in
parallel. Relevant changes are reflected in the "load section"
•
Click OK to accept changes
•
Click Cancel to restore previous device and parameters
•
Click Help to read the help file on this topic.
Selected Device name and PCB thermal parameters are reported in the main window. Refer
to the relevant datasheet for Device specific parameter ranges.
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2.2
UM1874
Source selection and setting
Click on the Battery symbol (Vbatt) in the main window, a new frame opens (Figure 3) where
the battery voltage can be modified.
Select "DC" or "Profile" to set the Source voltage.
2.2.1
DC voltage setting
Figure 3. DC voltage setting
Change the value manually by inserting it in the numeric box.
Values outside the boundaries are automatically restored to the max/min allowed value.
2.2.2
Voltage profile setting
Click Profile, a new frame opens (Figure 4) allowing to insert a custom profile by specifying
time-values pairs in the corresponding fields or load values from a .txt/.csv file ( time values
in the 1st column and Voltage values in the 2nd, max 150 rows).
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Electro thermal simulator
Figure 4. Voltage profile setting
Define the output after the final value by:
•
Cyclic repetition (Voltage values sequence is repeated continuously during the
simulation)
•
Holding final value (Last voltage value is maintained throughout the simulation).
Time values must be inserted as a increasing monotonic sequence (i.e., Tn+1>Tn).
•
Click
to clear table
•
Click
to load values from file
•
Click OK to accept changes
•
Click Cancel to restore previous values
•
Click Help to read the help file on this topic
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2.3
UM1874
Line and sense resistances
Click on the Resistors symbols in the main window to change Line-in, Line-out and Sense
resistances for analog devices only.
2.3.1
Line-in resistor
Change the value manually by inserting it in the numeric box (Figure 5).
Figure 5. Line-in resistor
Values outside the boundaries are automatically restored to the maximum allowed value.
Accepted values are between 5mΩ and 1Ω.
2.3.2
Line-out resistors
Change the values manually by inserting them in the numeric boxes (Figure 6).
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Electro thermal simulator
Figure 6. Line-out resistors
Values outside the boundaries are automatically restored to the max/min allowed value.
Accepted values are between 10mΩ and 1kΩ.
The number of enabled Line-in resistors is equal to the number of output channels for the
selected device.
2.3.3
Sense resistors
Only for analog current sense devices, Sense resistors values can be set to simulate current
sense diagnostic voltage conversion (Figure 7).
Change the values manually by inserting them in the numeric boxes.
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Figure 7. Sense resistors
Values outside the boundaries are automatically restored to the max/min allowed value.
Accepted values are between 100Ω and 10kΩ.
The number of enabled sense resistors is equal to the number of output channels for the
selected device.
•
Click OK to accept changes
•
Click Cancel to restore previous values
•
Click Help to read the help file on this topic
Resistance values are reported in the main window.
2.4
Control source
Click on the Control Voltage symbol (Vin) in the main window, a new frame opens where the
control type for each channel can be selected (Figure 8).
The number of visible Tabs is equal to the number of output channels of the selected
device.
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2.4.1
Electro thermal simulator
Control source type
Figure 8. Control source type
•
Selecting "DC" Source type a 5V DC source voltage is applied to the "In" pin, starting
from "Start Time".
•
Selecting "PWM" Source type a 5V square wave source voltage is applied to the "In"
pin, with a specific "Frequency" and "Duty Cycle", starting from "Start Time".
•
Selecting “PWM” profile Source type a new frame opens (Figure 9) in order to insert a
custom profile by specifying time, frequency and duty cycle in the corresponding fields
or load values from a .txt/.csv file (time values in the 1st column, frequency in the 2nd
and duty cycle values in the 3rd, max 150 rows).
Change the values manually by inserting them in the numeric boxes.
Values outside the boundaries are automatically restored to the max/min allowed value.
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Figure 9. PWM profile selection
Define the output after the final value by:
•
Cyclic repetition (Frequency and duty cycle values sequence is repeated continuously
during the simulation)
•
Holding final value (Last frequency and duty cycle values are maintained throughout
the simulation)
Time values must be inserted as a increasing monotonic sequence (i.e., Tn+1>Tn).
Click
to clear table
Click
to load values from file
PWM and PWM Profile for the selected channel are not available if Current or Power Profile
is selected.
PWM and PWM Profile disable the Current and Power Profile selection for the selected
channel.
2.4.2
H-Bridge input setting
Click on the "PWM, Vin A,B” in the main window then select “Input A,B” and a new frame
(Figure 10) allows inserting a custom profile by specifying time, Input A and Input B in the
corresponding fields or load values from a .txt/.csv file (time values in the 1st column, Input
A in the 2nd and Input B values in the 3rd, max 150 rows).
Define the output after the final value by selecting:
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•
Cyclic repetition (Input A and Input B values sequence is repeated during the
simulation)
•
Holding final value (Last Input A and Input B values are maintained throughout the
simulation)
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Electro thermal simulator
Figure 10. H-Bridge input setting
Time values must be inserted as a increasing monotonic sequence (i.e., Tn+1>Tn). Input A
and Input B are logical values:
•
Set Input A = 1 and Input B = 0 to activate HS1-LS2 diagonal
•
Set Input A = 0 and Input B = 1 to activate HS2-LS1 diagonal
Click
to reset table
Click
to load values from file
Changes in Input selection disable Current Profile selection
Reset table to enable Current Profile selection with DC source type.
2.5
•
Click OK to accept changes
•
Click Cancel to restore previous values
•
Click Help to read the help file on this topic
Load selection
Click on the Load icon in the main window, a new frame opens (Figure 11) where load
parameters for each output channel can be selected.
Number of visible Tabs is equal to the number of output channels for the selected device.
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Figure 11. Load selection
Select one of the following loads:
•
Resistor (Figure 12)
•
RC (Figure 13)
•
RL (Figure 14)
•
Current, RL or Power Profile (Figure 15)
•
PMDC Machine (Figure 18)
From the counter "Number of Lamps" a maximum of 10 lamps per channel can be selected.
If "Select channels Separately" is unchecked, the same load is selected for each channel.
The values of each component in the load can be manipulated. Click on the components
icons to change the values.
If no load is selected, an open circuit symbol appears.
2.5.1
•
Click OK to accept changes
•
Click Cancel to restore previous layout
•
Click Help to read the help file on this topic
Resistor as load
Click "Resistor" button to select a Resistive load and then click on the Resistor symbol in the
Layout to change its value.
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Figure 12. Resistor as load
Change the values manually by inserting them in the numeric boxes.
Values outside the boundaries are automatically restored to the max/min value allowed.
Accepted values are between 10mΩ and 10MΩ for resistance.
2.5.2
•
"Turn On" time: connect Resistor during simulation at a specific time
•
"Turn Off" time: disconnect Resistor during simulation at a specific time
•
Click OK to accept changes
•
Click Cancel to restore previous values
•
Click Help to read the help file on this topic
RC parallel as load
Click "RC Load" button to select an RC parallel load and then click on the Capacitor symbol
in the layout to change its value
Figure 13. RC parallel as load
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Change the values manually by inserting them in the numeric boxes.
Values outside the boundaries are automatically restored to the max/min allowed value.
Accepted values are between 10mΩ and 10MΩ for resistance and between 1nF and 1F for
Capacitance.
2.5.3
•
Click OK to accept changes
•
Click Cancel to restore previous values
•
Click Help to read the help file on this topic
RL series as load
Click "RL Load" button to select an RL series load and then click on the Inductor symbol in
the layout to change its value
Figure 14. RL series as load
Change the values manually by inserting them in the numeric boxes.
Values outside the boundaries are automatically restored to the max/min value allowed.
Accepted values are between 10mΩ and 10MΩ for resistance and between 0.5μH and 1H
for Inductance.
Check "Reverse Diode" to select a reverse diode in parallel with RL load.
Accepted values are between 10mV and 1V for "Forward voltage" and between 1mΩ and
1Ω for "Ron".
Reverse Diode is not available for H-Bridge Devices.
•
Click OK to accept changes
•
Click Cancel to restore previous values
•
Click Help to read the help file on this topic
RL Load disables Lamp selection for selected channel.
2.5.4
Current, RL and device power dissipation profile as load
Channel 1:
•
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Click "I/RL/W Profile" button to select a Current, RL Load or Power Loss Profile and
then click on the corresponding I/RL/W symbol in the layout to change its value.
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Channels 2...4:
•
Click "I/RL Profile" button to select a Current or RL Load Profile and then click on the
corresponding I/RL symbol in the layout to change its value.
Select Current (Figure 15), RL Load (Figure 16) or Power Loss Profile (1st channel)
(Figure 17) from the pop-up menu.
Figure 15. Current profile
Figure 16. RL load profile
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Figure 17. Device power dissipation profile
Insert a custom profile by specifying time-value pairs or triples in the corresponding fields or
load values from a .txt/.csv file (time values in the 1st column; Current, Resistance or Power
values in the 2nd; Inductance values in the 3rd (Only for RL Load profile), max 150 rows).
For Resistance Profile insert 0 in the Inductance fields.
Define the output after the final value by:
•
Cyclic repetition (Current, RL Load or Power values sequence is repeated continuously
during the simulation)
•
Holding final value (Last Current, RL Load or Power value is maintained throughout the
simulation).
Time values must be inserted as a increasing monotonic sequence (i.e., Tn+1>Tn).
Click
to clear table.
Click
to load values from file
Establishing a Current Profile, disables PWM selection for the selected channel, Input AB
for H-Bridge devices (use negative currents to invert H-Bridge polarity).
Establishing a Power Profile (1st channel) disables PWM, channels and H-Bridge selection.
•
Click OK to accept changes
•
Click Cancel to restore previous values
•
Click Help to read the help file on this topic
A current (Figure 15), RL Load (Figure 16) or Power (Figure 17) symbol appears in the load
layout.
I/RL/W Profile disables Lamp selection for selected channel.
2.5.5
PMDC machine as load
Click "PMDC Machine" button to select a Permanent Magnet DC Machine and then click on
the PMDC symbol in the Layout to change its parameters.
Change the values manually by inserting them in the numeric boxes.
Values outside the boundaries are automatically restored to the max/min value allowed.
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Figure 18. PMDC machine as load
PMDC Machine parameters:
•
Armature Resistance(Ω): The resistance of the winding
•
Armature Inductance (H): The inductance of the winding
•
Torque constant (N·m/A): The torque per current constant
•
Total inertia (kg·m2): The total inertia momentum of the motor and the load
•
Viscous friction coefficient (N·m·s): The total friction coefficient
•
Coulomb friction torque (N·m): The total friction torque constant
•
Initial speed (rad/s): The initial rotation speed
Check parallel conductance to insert a capacitance in parallel to PMDC machine.
PMDC Specifical signals:
•
TL (N·m): The electromechanical torque load at the input of the DC machine
•
Te (N·m): The electromechanical torque developed by the DC machine
•
ω (rad/s): The rotational speed of the DC machine
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Mechanical input (Torque Load):
•
Hold Motor: Hold motor position (TL=Te and ω=0)
•
Open Load: No electromechanical torque load at the input (TL=0)
•
Torque Profile: Insert a custom profile by specifying time-values pairs in the
corresponding fields or load values from a .txt/.csv file (time values in the 1st column
and torque values in the 2nd, max 150 rows).
Define the output after the final value by:
•
Cyclic repetition (Torque values sequence is repeated continuously during the
simulation)
•
Holding final value (Last Torque value is maintained throughout the simulation).
Time values must be inserted as a increasing monotonic sequence (i.e., Tn+1>Tn).
Click
to reset table
Click
to load values from file
•
Click OK to accept changes
•
Click Cancel to restore previous values
•
Click Help to read the help file on this topic
PMDC Machine disables Lamp selection for selected channel.
2.5.6
Lamp as load
Select up to 10 lamps from the "Number of Lamps" counter and then click on a Lamp icon in
the layout to change the values.
Figure 19. Lamp as load
Lamps can be placed alone or in parallel to a resistor or a capacitor and they can have
different values.
Select a lamp from the drop down menu, according to its voltage and power requirements.
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Lamp parameters:
•
"12V": select 12V lamps
•
"24V": select 24V lamps
•
"Turn On" time: connect lamp during simulation at a specific time
•
"Turn Off" time: disconnect lamp during simulation at a specific time
•
"Bulbs Temperature": Initial filament temperature (°C). Accepted values are between 40°C and 1000°C. This value is common to all lamps inserted
•
Click OK to accept changes
•
Click Cancel to restore previous values
•
Click Help to read the help file on this topic
Lamp harness resistors
Click on the Resistors symbols in the layout to set a wiring harness lamp resistance for each
lamp
Figure 20. Lamp harness resistors
Change the value manually by inserting it in the numeric box.
Values outside the boundaries are automatically restored to the max/min allowed value.
Accepted values are between 1mΩ and 10Ω.
2.6
•
Click OK to accept changes
•
Click Cancel to restore previous values
•
Click Help to read the help file on this topic
Thermal electrical simulation setup
•
Choose simulation time and then Click "Simulate" button to Start.
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Figure 21. Thermal electrical simulation setup
"Step Size" is automatically selected based on the Device/Load configuration.
Changing Step Size affects the simulation speed and accuracy:
For best precision set a lower Step Size. For faster simulation set a higher Step Size.
A higher Step Size may cause convergence problems.
Click options for more simulation parameters.
Figure 22. Simulation options
•
Select data to plot: checked items will be available for graphical simulation results
(default all).
•
Select "Write data every" as a multiple of "Step Size".
•
Check the box "Stop simulation on thermal shutdown" to interrupt the simulation when
Tj is higher than thermal shutdown temperature.
"Write data every" is automatically selected based on "Simulation Time" and "Step Size", in
order to optimize resolution and memory requirements.
Lower values do not affect simulation accuracy but may cause memory problems.
A progress bar indicates the state of the simulation.
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Figure 23. Simulation progress bar
Computation time is principally a function of the kind of load (inductive loads take a longer
time), "Simulation Time" and "Step Size" parameters.
At the end of simulation a plot window shows simulation results.
2.7
•
Click "Stop" button to stop simulation
•
Click "Plot" button to show or reopen Plot window
•
Click "Plot" button during simulation to show partial results: A notice in the plot informs
about the state of simulation.
Graphical simulation results
When the simulation is over, a new window is opened to show the simulation results.
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Figure 24. Graphical simulation results
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•
Left click on the signals list checkbox to add or remove them in the plot (Figure 24)
•
Right click on the signals to change color, line style or signal name
•
Right click on the plot to change titles, un-zoom, un-pan, copy save or print the image
•
Change the Subplots number to show simulation results in up to 4 subplots.
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•
Check "Grid" to show grid lines
•
Check "Zoom X" to enable Horizontal zoom
•
Check "Zoom Y" to enable Vertical zoom
•
Check "Pan" to interactively move the plot view, left clicking on the plot
•
Check "Log X" to set logarithmic X axes scale
•
Check "Log Y" to set logarithmic Y axes scale
•
Check "Ruler" to show a ruler in the plot.
•
Check "Caliper" to show a caliper in the plot.
•
Check "SyncX" to synchronize Subplots X axes
•
Check "SyncY" to synchronize Subplots Y axes
•
Click
text file
to save the results to a data file for exporting to spreadsheets or a generic
•
Click
to save a picture of the plot
•
Click
to copy a picture of the plot
•
Click
to print a picture of the plot
•
Click
to show this help
•
Click
to restore the scale ranges to default values
•
Click
to restore the scale ranges to the values before last zoom
•
Click
to add signals combination or function to plot:
Figure 25. Create a new function to plot
Insert a signal combination or function, clicking or typing in the function field.
•
Click "←" for backspace
•
Click "Clear" to clear text.
•
Click "rms" for rms calculation.
•
Click "Integral" for integral calculation.
•
Click on the listbox to select a recent function
•
Click "OK" to insert function.
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Figure 26. VIPower interactive selector
3.1
Select application nominal and maximum voltage level
Figure 27. Select application nominal and maximum voltage level
Nominal voltage could be selected between two possible options:
•
12V: for typical Automotive systems or every application based on 12V battery line
•
24V: for Truck or every application based on 24V battery line
Maximum voltage is used by simulation engine to perform worst-case analysis or to set a
customized Supply Range.
3.2
Select device topology
Figure 28. Select device topology
In High Side configuration the driver is connected between voltage line and load; the load
has the other terminal connected to ground.
In Low Side configuration the driver is connected between load and ground.
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•
For unidirectional motors driving either High Side or Low Side configuration can be
used
•
To drive the motor in both directions, H-Bridge configuration is recommended.
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VIPower interactive selector overview
Select number of channels
Figure 29. Select number of channels
High Side Switches are available in Single, Dual and Quad channel configurations.
Low Side Switches are available in Single and Dual channel configurations.
3.4
Select load type
Figure 30. Select load type
Figure 31. Resistor as load
Figure 32. Inductor as load
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Figure 33. Lamp (by current) as load
Figure 34. Lamp (by Power) as load
Figure 35. PMDC motor as load
•
Resistor: Select this option and input the load resistance (Figure 31)
•
Inductor: Select this option and input the coil inductance and resistance as well as the
coil current when the driver output is switched off (Figure 32)
•
Lamp: Select this option and input the bulb power or the lamp in rush current and the
steady state bulb current (Figure 33 and Figure 34)
•
Motor: Select this option and input the motor stall current and the steady state motor
current (Figure 35)
If “Select channels separately” is unchecked, the same load is selected for each channel.
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VIPower interactive selector overview
Source type setting
Figure 36. Source type setting
Select if the load is driven in DC or in PWM.
In case of PWM selection input frequency and duty cycle.
•
DC: If the application requires activating the load in a continuous mode for indefinite
time
•
PWM: If the application specification requires to drive the load to a specific frequency
and duty cycle.
If “Select channels separately” is unchecked, the same source is selected for each channel.
3.6
Set ambient & initial device temperature
Figure 37. Set ambient & initial device temperature
Environment temperature, under worst-case conditions, is mandatory for selecting the
devices with the best thermal fitting.
For standard Automotive applications 85°C is typically used, while it is usually 105°C for
Automotive under-hood.
3.7
Select PCB type
Figure 38. Select PCB type
Select the PCB type in line with the specific application:
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FootPrint · 2 Layers - 2cm2 · 2 Layers - 8cm2 · 4 Layers
3.8
Suggested devices
Figure 39. Suggested devices
Select one of suggested devices or go back to points 1-7 and change application layout.
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•
Click Export Layout for Simulation to verify selected layout in TwisterSIM for
available devices
•
Click Reset to restart VIPower Interactive Selection
•
Click Help to read the help file on this topic.
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Revision history
Revision history
Table 1. Document revision history
Date
Revision
13-Mar-2015
1
Initial release.
15-Apr-2015
2
Updated Figure 3
Deleted some contents in Chapter 2
29-Apr-2015
3
Updated cover page.
4
Updated section 2.5.7 and 2.5.8 in Section 2.6: Thermal
electrical simulation setup and Section 2.7: Graphical
simulation results.
Updated Figure 24 and Figure 25.
Updated Section 2.7: Graphical simulation results.
Updated layout document.
5
Updated Figure 2.
Updated Section 2.1: Device selection and parameters
setting; Section 2.2: Source selection and setting;
Section 2.1.2: H-Bridge Device parameters;
Section 2.1.3: 24 V Device parameters; Section 2.1.4:
M07 Device parameters.
Added Figure 22.
Updated Figure 39.
11-Nov-2015
05-Apr-2016
Changes
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