MIC59150 Ultra High Speed 1.5A LDO General Description Features The MIC59150 is a high-bandwidth, low-dropout, 1.5A linear voltage regulator ideal for powering core voltages of low-power microprocessors. The MIC59150 implements a dual supply configuration allowing for a very low output impedance and a very fast transient response. The MIC59150 requires a bias input supply and a main input supply, allowing for ultra-low input voltages on the main supply rail. The device operates from an input supply of 1.0V to 3.8V and bias supply between 3V and 5.5V. The MIC59150 offers adjustable output voltages down to 0.5V. The MIC59150 requires a minimum output capacitance for stability, working optimally with small ceramic capacitors. The MIC59150 is available in an 8-pin EPAD SOIC package and its junction temperature range is –40°C to +125°C. Data sheets and support documentation can be found on Micrel’s web site at: www.micrel.com. • Input voltage range: – VIN = 1.0V to 3.8V – VBIAS = 3.0V to 5.5V • Stable with 1µF ceramic capacitor • Maximum dropout voltage of 250mV over temperature • Adjustable output voltage down to 0.5V • Ultra fast transient response • Excellent line and load regulation specifications • Logic controlled shutdown option • Thermal shutdown and current limit protection • Junction temperature range: –40°C to +125°C • 8-pin EPAD SOIC Applications • • • • • • • Telecommunications processors Graphics processors Computer peripheral cards Logic IC power supply SMPS post regulators Microprocessors Digital TV’s _________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Typical Application MIC59150YME VIN CIN=1µF (Ceramic) VBIAS VIN VOUT VOUT R1 VBIAS EN CBIAS=1µF (Ceramic) COUT=1µF (Ceramic) ADJ EN GND R2 Micrel Inc. • 2180 Fortune Drive • San Jose, CA 95131 • USA • tel +1 (408) 944-0800 • fax + 1 (408) 474-1000 • http://www.micrel.com December 2008 M9999-121808-A Micrel, Inc. MIC59150 Ordering Information Part Number Voltage(1) Junction Temperature Range Package Lead Finish MIC59150YME Adj. –40°C to +125°C 8-Pin EPAD SOIC RoHS Compliant Note: 1. Other Voltage available. Contact Micrel for detail. Pin Configuration 8 GND EN 1 VBIAS 2 7 ADJ VIN 3 6 VIN 5 VOUT VOUT 4 8-Pin EPAD SOIC (ME) Pin Description Pin Number Pin Name 1 EN Enable (Input): CMOS compatible input. Logic high = enable, logic low = shutdown. 2 VBIAS Input bias voltage for powering all circuitry on the regulator with the exception of the output power device. 3, 6 VIN 4, 5 VOUT 7 ADJ Adjustable regulator feedback input. Connect to resistor voltage divider. 8 GND Ground. December 2008 Pin Function Input voltage needed for the output power device. Regulator Output. 2 M9999-121808-A Micrel, Inc. MIC59150 Absolute Maximum Ratings(1) Operating Ratings(2) Supply Voltage (VIN) ........................................ –0.3V to +4V Bias Supply Voltage (VBIAS)............................. –0.3V to +6V Enable Input Voltage (VEN)............................. –0.3V to VBIAS Power Dissipation .....................................Internally Limited Storage Temperature (Ts) .........................–65°C to +150°C ESD Rating(3) ................................................................+3kV Supply Voltage (VIN)............................................ 1V to 3.8V Bias Supply Voltage (VBIAS)................................. 3V to 5.5V Enable Input Voltage (VEN).................................. 0V to VBIAS Junction Temperature (TJ) ..................–40°C ≤ TJ ≤ +125°C Package Thermal Resistance EPAD SOIC (θJA) ...............................................41°C/W Electrical Characteristics(4) TA = 25°C with VBIAS = VOUT + 2.2V; VIN = VOUT + 1V; bold values indicate 0°C ≤ TJ ≤ 85°C, unless otherwise specified. Parameter Condition Line Regulation (VIN) Min Typ Max Units VIN = VOUT + 1V to 3.8V, ILOAD = 10mA 0.002 ±0.1 %/V Line Regulation (VBIAS) VBIAS = 3V to 5.5V (VOUT < 0.8V), ILOAD = 10mA VBIAS = VOUT + 2.2V to 5.5V (VOUT ≥ 0.8V), ILOAD = 10mA 0.026 ±0.3 %/V Feedback Voltage (Adjustable Output Voltage) Room temperature 0.495 0.5 0.505 V Over temperature range 0.490 0.5 0.510 V Output Voltage Load Regulation IL = 10mA to 1.5A 0.1 0.5 % VIN – VOUT; Dropout Voltage IL = 750mA IL = 1.5A 65 100 150 250 mV mV VBIAS – VOUT; Dropout Voltage IL = 1.5A 0.85 2.1 V VBIAS supply current VEN = 2V, IL = 100mA VEN = 2V, IL = 1.5A 1.3 12.5 7.5 75 mA mA VBIAS shutdown current VEN = 0V 0.02 1 µA VIN shutdown current VEN = 0V 0.04 1 µA 0.03 1 µA 2.84 3.0 FB bias current UVLO VBIAS rising 2.7 Hysteresis Current Limit 100 V mV VOUT = 0V 1.8 3.1 6.0 A Regulator enable Regulator shutdown 1.6 0.85 0.75 0.3 V V 0.012 1 µA Enable Input Enable Input Threshold Enable Pin Input Current Independent of state AC Response Large signal bandwidth 1 MHz PSRR (BIAS) at 10kHz VBIAS = 3.3V, IOUT = 750mA 46 dB PSRR (IN) at 10kHz VIN = VOUT + 1V, IOUT = 750mA VIN = VOUT + 0.3V, IOUT = 750mA 60 55 dB dB Thermal Shutdown 145 °C Thermal Shutdown Hysteresis 12 Turn-on Time 85 °C 300 µs Notes: 1. Exceeding the absolute maximum rating may damage the device. 2. The device is not guaranteed to function outside its operating rating. 3. Devices are ESD sensitive. Handling precautions recommended. Human body model, 1.5kΩ in series with 100pF. 4. Specification for packaged product only. December 2008 3 M9999-121808-A Micrel, Inc. MIC59150 Typical Characteristics BIAS CURRENT (mA) 16 12 8 VBIAS = 3.3V 4 0 0 VIN = 1.5V VOUT = 1V 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 1.4 OUTPUT CURRENT (A) December 2008 0.6 Load Regulation Bias Current vs. Temperature 30 VBIAS = 3.3V VIN = 1.5V VOUT = 1V 0.2 VIN = 1.8V 0.1 VOUT = 1V 3.5 4 4.5 5 BIAS VOLTAGE (V) 4 5.5 =0.75A OUT 20 VOUT = 0.5V IOUT=1.5A 15 10 5 0.502 0.3 I VIN = 1.5V I =100mA OUT TEMPERATURE (°C) Ground Current vs. Bias Voltage 0.4 VBIAS = 3V 25 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 1.4 OUTPUT CURRENT (A) 120 80 TEMPERATURE (°C) 100 60 40 TEMPERATURE (°C) 0.5 0 3 20 DROPOUT VOLTAGE (V) 0 -40 -40 Bias Current vs. Output Current VOUT = 3.45V IOUT = 1.5A 120 5 VIN = 3.8V 0.2 80 2 3 4 BIAS VOLTAGE (V) 0.4 100 1 0.6 60 VOUT = 2.5V IOUT = 1.5A 0.8 40 VIN = 3V 0.5 VOUT = 3.45V 1.5 Dropout Voltage vs. Temperature (VBIAS) 20 1 VBIAS = 5.5V 1.005 1.004 1.003 1.002 1.001 1 0.999 0.998 0.997 0.996 0.995 0 VOUT = 1V 1 1.25 OUTPUT CURRENT (A) 1 -40 1.5 VBIAS = 3.3V 20 BIAS CURRENT (mA) 2 60 FEEDBACK VOLTAGE (V) 10mA 80 0 Dropout Characteristics (VBIAS) 1.5A 20 100 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 1.4 OUTPUT CURRENT (A) 2.5 0 0 120 20 40 120 VOUT = 2.5V 60 1.2 140 40 80 0 0.75 Dropout Voltage vs. Temperature (VIN) 80 VIN = 3V 100 1000 100 0.4 0.1 1 10 100 FREQUENCY (kHz) 60 0.6 DROPOUT VOLTAGE (mV) 160 0.8 3 IOUT = 0.75A 40 Dropout Voltage (VBIAS) 0.2 VOUT = 1V 0 0.01 1000 OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V) DROPOUT VOLTAGE (V) 0.1 1 10 100 FREQUENCY (kHz) 1 0 0 OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V) 10 IOUT = 0.75A 0 0.01 1.2 20 VOUT = 1V GROUND CURRENT (mA) 10 30 VBIAS = 3.3V VIN = 1.8V 120 0 20 VIN = 1.8V 40 20 30 V = 3.3V BIAS 50 0 40 60 -20 50 140 -20 60 70 160 0 80 Dropout Voltage (VIN) -20 90 70 PSRR (dB) PSRR (dB) 80 Power Supply Rejection Ratio (VBIAS) DROPOUT VOLTAGE (mV) Power Supply Rejection Ratio (VIN) Feedback Voltage vs. Input Voltage 0.501 0.5 0.499 0.498 1.5 VBIAS = 3.3V VOUT = 1V 1.9 2.3 2.7 3.1 3.5 INPUT VOLTAGE (V) 3.9 M9999-121808-A Micrel, Inc. MIC59150 Typical Characteristics (continued) December 2008 ENABLE THRESHOLD (V) VIN = 1.5V TEMPERATURE (°C) 5 120 5.5 VBIAS = 3.3V 80 3.5 4 4.5 5 BIAS VOLTAGE (V) 1.2 100 0.495 3 VOUT = 1V 60 VIN = 1.8V 0.496 40 0.498 0.497 20 0.499 0 0.501 0.5 FeedbackVoltage vs. Temperature -20 0.503 0.502 0.51 0.508 0.506 0.504 0.502 0.5 0.498 0.496 0.494 0.492 0.49 -40 0.504 FEEDBACK VOLTAGE (V) FEEDBACK VOLTAGE (V) 0.505 Feedback Voltage vs. Bias Voltage Enable Threshold vs. Bias Voltage 1 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0 3 VIN = 1.8V VOUT = 1V 3.5 4 4.5 5 BIAS VOLTAGE (V) 5.5 M9999-121808-A Micrel, Inc. MIC59150 Functional Characteristics December 2008 6 M9999-121808-A Micrel, Inc. MIC59150 Functional Diagram VBIAS VIN EN Enable Bandgap ADJ Ilimit VOUT MIC59150 Block Diagram December 2008 7 M9999-121808-A Micrel, Inc. MIC59150 type of ceramic capacitors. Z5U and Y5V dielectric capacitors change value by as much as 50% and 60% respectively over their operating temperature ranges. To use a ceramic chip capacitor with Y5V dielectric, the value must be much higher than an X7R ceramic or a tantalum capacitor to ensure the same capacitance value over the operating temperature range. Tantalum capacitors have a very stable dielectric (10% over their operating temperature range) and can also be used with this device. Application Information The MIC59150 is an ultra-high performance, low-dropout linear regulator designed for high current applications requiring a fast transient response. The MIC59150 utilizes two input supplies, significantly reducing dropout voltage, making it perfect for low-voltage, DC-to-DC conversion. The MIC59150 requires a minimum number of external components, and as a μCap regulator, the output is tolerant of virtually any type of capacitor, including ceramic type and tantalum type capacitors. The MIC59150 regulator is fully protected from damage due to fault conditions, offering linear current limiting and thermal shutdown. Input Capacitor An input capacitor of 1μF or greater is recommended when the device is more than 4 inches away from the bulk supply capacitance, or when the supply is a battery. Small, surface-mount, ceramic chip capacitors can be used for the bypassing. The capacitor should be placed within 1" of the device for optimal performance. Larger values will help to improve ripple rejection by bypassing the input to the regulator, further improving the integrity of the output voltage. Bias Supply Voltage VBIAS, requiring relatively light current, provides power to the control portion of the MIC59150. VBIAS requires approximately 12mA for a 1.5A load current. Dropout conditions require higher currents. Most of the biasing current is used to supply the base current to the pass transistor. This allows the pass element to be driven into saturation, reducing the dropout to 100mV at a 1.5A load current. Bypassing on the bias pin is recommended to improve performance of the regulator during line and load transients. Small ceramic capacitors from VBIAS to ground help reduce high frequency noise from being injected into the control circuitry from the bias rail and are good design practice. Good bypass techniques typically include one larger capacitor such as 1μF ceramic and smaller valued capacitors such as 0.01μF or 0.001μF in parallel with that larger capacitor to decouple the bias supply. The VBIAS input voltage must be 2.1V above the output voltage with a minimum VBIAS input voltage of 3V. Thermal Design Linear regulators are simple to use. The most complicated design parameters to consider are thermal characteristics. Thermal design requires the following application-specific parameters: Maximum ambient temperature (TA) • Output current (IOUT) • Output voltage (VOUT) • Input voltage (VIN) • Ground current (IGND) First, calculate the power dissipation (PD) of the regulator from these numbers and the device parameters from this datasheet. Input Supply Voltage VIN provides the high current to the collector of the pass transistor. The minimum input voltage is 1.0V, allowing conversion from low voltage supplies. PD = VIN × I IN + VBIAS × I BIAS − VOUT × I OUT The input current will be less than the output current at high output currents as the load increases. The bias current is a sum of base drive and ground current. Ground current is constant over load current. Then the heat sink thermal resistance is determined with this formula: Output Capacitor The MIC59150 requires a minimum of output capacitance to maintain stability. However, proper capacitor selection is important to ensure desired transient response. The MIC59150 is specifically designed to be stable with virtually any capacitance value and ESR. A 1μF ceramic chip capacitor should satisfy most applications. Output capacitance can be increased without bound. See the “Functional Characteristics” subsection for examples of load transient response. X7R dielectric ceramic capacitors are recommended because of their temperature performance. X7R-type capacitors change capacitance by 15% over their operating temperature range and are the most stable December 2008 • ⎛ TJ ( MAX ) − T A ⎞ ⎟ − (θ JC + θ CS ) ⎟ PD ⎝ ⎠ θ SA = ⎜⎜ The heat sink may be significantly reduced in applications where the maximum input voltage is known and large compared with the dropout voltage. Use a series input resistor to drop excessive voltage and distribute the heat between this resistor and the regulator. The low-dropout properties of the MIC59150 allow significant reductions in regulator power dissipation and the associated heat sink without compromising 8 M9999-121808-A Micrel, Inc. MIC59150 values can cause instability. The resistor values are calculated by: performance. When this technique is employed, a capacitor of at least 1μF is needed directly between the input and regulator ground. Refer to “Application Note 9” (http://www.micrel.com/_PDF/App-Notes/an-9.pdf) for further details and examples on thermal design and heat sink specification. ⎛V ⎞ R1 = R 2 × ⎜ OUT − 1⎟ ⎜ 0. 5 ⎟ ⎝ ⎠ where VOUT is the desired output voltage. Minimum Load Current The MIC59150, unlike most other high current regulators, does not require a minimum load to maintain output voltage regulation. Enable An active high enable input (EN) allows on-off control of the regulator. Current drain reduces to “zero” when the device is shutdown, with only microamperes of leakage current. The EN input has CMOS compatible thresholds for simple logic interfacing. EN may be directly tied to VBIAS and pulled up to the maximum supply voltage. Adjustable Regulator Design The MIC59150 adjustable version allows programming the output voltage anywhere between 0.5Vand 3.5V. Two resistors are used. The resistor value between VOUT and the adjust pin should not exceed 10kΩ. Larger December 2008 9 M9999-121808-A Micrel, Inc. MIC59150 U1 MIC59150YME J1 VIN 1V to 3.8V C1 1uF/6.3V 3 6 VIN VIN VOUT VOUT C2 1uF/6.3V R1 1K C4 OPEN J2 GND 2 VBIAS 1 EN ADJ C3 1uF/6.3V J5 GND 7 1 J3 VBIAS 3V to 5.5V J4 VOUT 4 5 GND B C D 1 JP2 8 A 7 R5 383 6 R4 499 5 R3 698 4 R2 1K 3 8 2 2 3 JP1 JP2 = Voltages Selector A VOUT = 1.0V B VOUT = 1.2V C VOUT = 1.5V D VOUT = 1.8V Bill of Materials Item Part Number C1,C2 C1608X5R0J105K C3 GRM188R60J105KA01D 0603D105KAT2A Manufacturer TDK (1) Description Qty. 1uF Ceramic Capacitor X5R 0603 6.3V 3 Open 1 Murata(2) AVX(3) C4 (4) R1,R2 CRCW06031K00FKXX Vishay 1kΩ 1% 0603 Resistor 2 R3 CRCW0603698RFKXX Vishay(4) 698Ω 1% 0603 Resistor 1 CRCW0603499RFKXX (4) 499Ω 1% 0603 Resistor 1 R4 R5 CRCW0603383RFKXX U1 MIC59150YME Vishay (4) Vishay Micrel, Inc.(5) 383Ω 1% 0603 Resistor 1 Ultra High Speed 1.5A LDO 1 Notes: 1. TDK: www.tdk.com 2. Murata Tel: www.murata.com 3. AVX Tel: www.avx.com 4. Vishay Tel: www.vishay.com 5. Micrel, Inc.: www.micrel.com December 2008 10 M9999-121808-A Micrel, Inc. MIC59150 PCB Layout Recommendations Top Layer Bottom Layer December 2008 11 M9999-121808-A Micrel, Inc. MIC59150 Package Information 8-Pin EPAD SOIC (ME) MICREL, INC. 2180 FORTUNE DRIVE SAN JOSE, CA 95131 USA TEL +1 (408) 944-0800 FAX +1 (408) 474-1000 WEB http://www.micrel.com The information furnished by Micrel in this data sheet is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, no responsibility is assumed by Micrel for its use. Micrel reserves the right to change circuitry and specifications at any time without notification to the customer. Micrel Products are not designed or authorized for use as components in life support appliances, devices or systems where malfunction of a product can reasonably be expected to result in personal injury. Life support devices or systems are devices or systems that (a) are intended for surgical implant into the body or (b) support or sustain life, and whose failure to perform can be reasonably expected to result in a significant injury to the user. A Purchaser’s use or sale of Micrel Products for use in life support appliances, devices or systems is a Purchaser’s own risk and Purchaser agrees to fully indemnify Micrel for any damages resulting from such use or sale. © 2008 Micrel, Incorporated. December 2008 12 M9999-121808-A