APPLICATION NOTE AND9315/D AX5043 Use in Compliance with ETSI EN 300 220-1 Revision 2 2 Table of Contents 1. General ....................................................................................................... 4 Frequency Error ETSI EN 300 220-1 V2.3.1 (2010-02), Sub-clause 7.1 ................ 4 2. Wireless M-Bus T Mode Transmitter (868 MHz wide band, 100 kbps) ......... 5 2.1. Setup ........................................................................................................... 5 2.2. Regulatory Requirements ............................................................................... 6 2.3. Measurements............................................................................................... 6 Output Power ETSI EN 300 220-1 V2.3.1 (2010-02), Subclause 7.2 ..................... 6 Modulation Bandwidth EN 300 220-1 V2.3.1 (2010-02), Subclause 7.7 ................. 7 Unwanted Emissions in Spurious Domains EN 300 220-1 V2.3.1 (2010-02), Subclause 7.8 ............................................................................................... 10 3. Wireless M-Bus S Mode Transmitter (868 MHz wide band, 32.768 kbps) .. 12 3.1. Setup .......................................................................................................... 12 3.2. Regulatory Requirements .............................................................................. 13 3.3. Measurements.............................................................................................. 13 Output Power ETSI EN 300 220-1 V2.3.1 (2010-02), Subclause 7.2 .................... 13 Modulation Bandwidth EN 300 220-1 V2.3.1 (2010-02), Subclause 7.7 ................ 14 Unwanted Emissions in Spurious Domains EN 300 220-1 V2.3.1 (2010-02), Subclause 7.8 ............................................................................................... 16 4. 169 MHz narrow band, 12.5 kHz channel spacing, 4.8 kbps ...................... 17 4.1. Setup .......................................................................................................... 17 4.2. Regulatory Requirements .............................................................................. 18 4.3. Measurements.............................................................................................. 18 Output Power ETSI EN 300 220-1 V2.3.1 (2010-02), Subclause 7.2 .................... 18 Adjacent Channel Power EN 300 220-1 V2.3.1 (2010-02), Subclause 7.6 ............. 19 Unwanted Emissions in Spurious Domains EN 300 220-1 V2.3.1 (2010-02), Subclause 7.8 ............................................................................................... 20 5. 169 MHz narrow band, 25 kHz channel spacing, 9.6 kbps ......................... 25 5.1. Setup .......................................................................................................... 25 www.onsemi.com AND9315/D Table of Contents 5.2. Regulatory Requirements .............................................................................. 25 5.3. Measurements.............................................................................................. 25 Output Power ETSI EN 300 220-1 V2.3.1 (2010-02), Subclause 7.2 .................... 25 Adjacent Channel Power EN 300 220-1 V2.3.1 (2010-02), Subclause 7.6 ............. 26 Unwanted Emissions in Spurious Domains EN 300 220-1 V2.3.1 (2010-02), Subclause 7.8 ............................................................................................... 27 6. 433 MHz wide band, 100 kbps .................................................................. 28 6.1. Setup .......................................................................................................... 28 6.2. Regulatory Requirements .............................................................................. 29 6.3. Measurements.............................................................................................. 29 Output Power ETSI EN 300 220-1 V2.3.1 (2010-02), Subclause 7.2 .................... 29 Modulation Bandwidth EN 300 220-1 V2.3.1 (2010-02), Subclause 7.7 ................ 30 Unwanted Emissions in Spurious Domains EN 300 220-1 V2.3.1 (2010-02), Subclause 7.8 ............................................................................................... 33 7. 433 MHz narrow band, 25 kHz channel spacing, 9.6 kbps ......................... 36 7.1. Setup .......................................................................................................... 36 7.2. Regulatory Requirements .............................................................................. 37 7.3. Measurements.............................................................................................. 37 Output Power ETSI EN 300 220-1 V2.3.1 (2010-02), Subclause 7.2 .................... 37 Adjacent Channel Power EN 300 220-1 V2.3.1 (2010-02), Subclause 7.6 ............. 38 Unwanted Emissions in Spurious Domains EN 300 220-1 V2.3.1 (2010-02), Subclause 7.8 ............................................................................................... 39 8. 868 MHz narrow band, 25 kHz channel spacing, 9.6 kbps ......................... 40 8.1. Setup .......................................................................................................... 40 8.2. Regulatory Requirements .............................................................................. 41 8.3. Measurements.............................................................................................. 41 Output Power ETSI EN 300 220-1 V2.3.1 (2010-02), Subclause 7.2 .................... 41 Adjacent Channel Power EN 300 220-1 V2.3.1 (2010-02), Subclause 7.6 ............. 42 Unwanted Emissions in Spurious Domains EN 300 220-1 V2.3.1 (2010-02), Subclause 7.8 ............................................................................................... 43 www.onsemi.com AND9315/D 3 4 General 1. General Frequency Error ETSI EN 300 220-1 V2.3.1 (2010-02), Sub-clause 7.1 The frequency error of the AX5043 is given by the frequency error of the frequency source XTAL or TCXO. ETSI EN 300 220-1 requirements are +/- 100 ppm for 868 MHz wide band systems, +/- 14.4 ppm for 868 MHz narrow band systems, +/- 27 ppm for 433 MHz narrow band systems, +/- 59 ppm for 169 MHZ narrow band systems. Narrow band refers to channel widths smaller 25 kHz. EN 13 757-4 2005 which applies for wireless M-Bus devices, requires stricter frequency errors. 60 or 25 ppm for the center frequency. Although this is achievable with normal crystals, we do recommend use of a TCXO for optimal performance in narrow band systems. www.onsemi.com AND9315/D Wireless M-Bus T Mode Transmitter (868 MHz wide band, 100 kbps) 2. Wireless M-Bus T Mode Transmitter (868 MHz wide band, 100 kbps) 2.1. Setup Module AX5043 DVK-1 with 48 MHz XTAL Differential antenna interface Internal VCO & internal synthesizer loop filter Measurement equipment 0.5 m RG-58 cable from SMA to R&S FSEB spectrum analyzer (note 1) Mainboard and debug adapter DVK-2 Setup software AX-RadioLab V1.1 Carrier Frequency 868.3 MHz Bit rate 100 kbps Modulation GFSK BT=0.3 FSK half deviation 50 kHz Changes to setup software default register settings AX5043_PLLCPI_(TX) = 0x01 AX5043_PLLVCOI _(TX) = 0x87 AX5043_0xF00_(TX) = 0x4F AX5043_REF_(TX) = 0x02 Changes to hardware default configuration Short between pins L2 and L1 48 MHz XTAL Power level for which module meets ETSI EN 300 220-1 V2.3.1 (2010-02) 14.45 dBm Notes: 1. Values presented are the spectrum analyzer readings. Cable losses are not compensated 2. Unless otherwise stated spectrum analyzer settings are: detector function: RMS trace: clear/write www.onsemi.com AND9315/D 5 6 Wireless M-Bus T Mode Transmitter (868 MHz wide band, 100 kbps) 2.2. Regulatory Requirements ETSI EN 300 220-1 V2.3.1 (2010-02) in frequency band 868.0 - 868.6 MHz. 2.3. Measurements Output Power ETSI EN 300 220-1 V2.3.1 (2010-02), Subclause 7.2 AX5043 is outputting CW for this measurement. The ETSI limit for the 868.0 – 868.6 MHz band is 25 mW (14 dBm). Measured output power is 14.45 dBm, all the following measurements are done at this power level. Figure 1: Transmit spectrum, 868.3 MHz, CW www.onsemi.com AND9315/D Wireless M-Bus T Mode Transmitter (868 MHz wide band, 100 kbps) Modulation Bandwidth EN 300 220-1 V2.3.1 (2010-02), Subclause 7.7 The following three plots show the modulated output at different resolution bandwidths with the corresponding ETSI limit lines. Spectrum analyzer settings for all three measurements are: detector function: max peak trace: max hold Figure 2: Transmit spectrum, 868.3 MHz, GFSK BT=0.3, 100 kbps, 50 kHz half deviation, RBW=1 kHz, detector max peak, trace max hold www.onsemi.com AND9315/D 7 8 Wireless M-Bus T Mode Transmitter (868 MHz wide band, 100 kbps) Figure 3: Transmit spectrum, 868.3 MHz, GFSK BT=0.3, 100 kbps, 50 kHz half deviation, RBW=10 kHz, detector max peak, trace max hold www.onsemi.com AND9315/D Wireless M-Bus T Mode Transmitter (868 MHz wide band, 100 kbps) Figure 4: Transmit spectrum, 868.3 MHz, GFSK BT=0.3, 100 kbps, 50 kHz half deviation, RBW=100 kHz, detector max peak, trace max hold www.onsemi.com AND9315/D 9 10 Wireless M-Bus T Mode Transmitter (868 MHz wide band, 100 kbps) Unwanted Emissions in Spurious Domains EN 300 220-1 V2.3.1 (2010-02), Subclause 7.8 Unwanted emissions are shown for the most critical cases. 470 – 862 MHZ From 470 – 862 MHz the ETSI limit is –54 dBm for an RBW of 100 kHz. The highest measured spur is at –58 dBm Figure 5: Spurious emission 470 – 862 MHz www.onsemi.com AND9315/D Wireless M-Bus T Mode Transmitter (868 MHz wide band, 100 kbps) HARMONICS Above 1 GHz the ETSI limit is –30 dBm for an RBW of 1 MHz. Here the harmonics of the wanted signal are most critical. Spectrum analyzer settings for this measurement are: detector function: max peak trace: max hold Figure 6: Spurious emission above 1 GHz, detector max peak, trace max hold www.onsemi.com AND9315/D 11 12 Wireless M-Bus S Mode Transmitter (868 MHz wide band, 32.768 kbps) 3. Wireless M-Bus S Mode Transmitter (868 MHz wide band, 32.768 kbps) 3.1. Setup Module AX5043 DVK-1 Module with 48 MHz XTAL Differential antenna interface Internal VCO & internal synthesizer loop filter Measurement equipment 0.5 m RG-58 cable from SMA to R&S FSEB spectrum analyzer (note 1) Mainboard and debug adapter DVK-2 Setup software AX-RadioLab V1.1 Carrier Frequency 868.3 MHz Bit rate 32.768 kbps Modulation GFSK BT=0.5 FSK half deviation 50 kHz Changes to setup software default register settings AX5043_PLLCPI_(TX) = 0x01 AX5043_PLLVCOI _(TX) = 0x87 AX5043_0xF00_(TX) = 0x4F AX5043_REF_(TX) = 0x02 Changes to hardware default configuration Short between pins L2 and L1 48 MHz XTAL Power level for which module meets ETSI EN 300 220-1 V2.3.1 (2010-02) 14.45 dBm Notes: 1. Values presented are the spectrum analyzer readings. Cable losses are not compensated 2. Unless otherwise stated spectrum analyzer settings are: detector function: RMS trace: clear/write www.onsemi.com AND9315/D Wireless M-Bus S Mode Transmitter (868 MHz wide band, 32.768 kbps) 3.2. Regulatory Requirements ETSI EN 300 220-1 V2.3.1 (2010-02) in frequency band 868.0 - 868.6 MHz. 3.3. Measurements Output Power ETSI EN 300 220-1 V2.3.1 (2010-02), Subclause 7.2 For this measurement plot please see the equivalent section for 100 kbps instead of 32.768 kbps. www.onsemi.com AND9315/D 13 14 Wireless M-Bus S Mode Transmitter (868 MHz wide band, 32.768 kbps) Modulation Bandwidth EN 300 220-1 V2.3.1 (2010-02), Subclause 7.7 The following three plots show the modulated output at different resolution bandwidths with the corresponding ETSI limit lines. Spectrum analyzer settings for all three measurements are: detector function: max peak trace: max hold Figure 7: Transmit spectrum, 868.3 MHz, GFSK BT=0.5, 32.768 kbps, 50 kHz half deviation, RBW=1 kHz, detector max peak, trace max hold www.onsemi.com AND9315/D Wireless M-Bus S Mode Transmitter (868 MHz wide band, 32.768 kbps) Figure 8: Transmit spectrum, 868.3 MHz, GFSK BT=0.5, 32.768 kbps, 50 kHz half deviation, RBW=10 kHz, detector max peak, trace max hold www.onsemi.com AND9315/D 15 16 Wireless M-Bus S Mode Transmitter (868 MHz wide band, 32.768 kbps) Figure 9: Transmit spectrum, 868.3 MHz, GFSK BT=0.5, 32.768 kbps, 50 kHz half deviation, RBW=100 kHz, detector max peak, trace max hold Unwanted Emissions in Spurious Domains EN 300 220-1 V2.3.1 (2010-02), Subclause 7.8 For these measurement plots please see the equivalent section for 100 kbps instead of 32.768 kbps. www.onsemi.com AND9315/D 169 MHz narrow band, 12.5 kHz channel spacing, 4.8 kbps 4. 169 MHz narrow band, 12.5 kHz channel spacing, 4.8 kbps 4.1. Setup Module AX5043 DVK-2 Module with 16 MHz TCXO Differential antenna interface Internal VCO with external inductor & internal synthesizer loop filter Measurement equipment 0.5 m RG-58 cable from SMA to R&S FSEB spectrum analyzer (note 1) Mainboard and debug adapter DVK-2 Setup software AX-RadioLab V1.1 Carrier Frequency 169.438 MHz Bit rate 4.8 kbps Modulation GFSK BT=0.3 FSK half deviation 1.6 kHz Channel 12.5 kHz spacing, 8.5 kHz width Changes to setup software default register settings AX5043_PLLCPI_(TX) = 0x08 Changes to hardware default configuration none Power level for which module meets ETSI EN 300 220-1 V2.3.1 (2010-02) 15.45 dBm AX5043_PLLVCOI_(TX) = 0x88 Notes: 1. Values presented are the spectrum analyzer readings. Cable losses are not compensated 2. Unless otherwise stated spectrum analyzer settings are: detector function: RMS trace: clear/write www.onsemi.com AND9315/D 17 18 169 MHz narrow band, 12.5 kHz channel spacing, 4.8 kbps 4.2. Regulatory Requirements ETSI EN 300 220-1 V2.3.1 (2010-02) in frequency band 169.4 – 169.475 MHz. 4.3. Measurements Output Power ETSI EN 300 220-1 V2.3.1 (2010-02), Subclause 7.2 AX5043 is outputting modulated data in the following plot. The ETSI limit for the 169.4 – 169.475 MHz band is 500 mW (27 dBm). AX5043 outputs just over 15.45 dBm. All the following measurements are done at this power level. Figure 10: Transmit spectrum, 169.4 MHz, 4.8 kbps, GFSK BT=0.3 www.onsemi.com AND9315/D 169 MHz narrow band, 12.5 kHz channel spacing, 4.8 kbps Adjacent Channel Power EN 300 220-1 V2.3.1 (2010-02), Subclause 7.6 The following plots show the modulated spectrum with measurements of adjacent channel power in channels of 16 kHz width and with 25 kHz spacing. The ETSI limit for adjacent channel power is 200nW (-37 dBm). The measurement for AX5043 is –46 dBm. Figure 11: Transmit spectrum, 169.438 MHz, GFSK BT=0.3, 4.8 kbps, 1.6 kHz half deviation with adjacent channel power measurement for 12.5 kHz spaced channels www.onsemi.com AND9315/D 19 20 169 MHz narrow band, 12.5 kHz channel spacing, 4.8 kbps Unwanted Emissions in Spurious Domains EN 300 220-1 V2.3.1 (2010-02), Subclause 7.8 Unwanted emissions are shown for the most critical cases. From 174 – 230 MHz and 470 – 862 MHz the ETSI limit is –54 dBm for an RBW of 100 kHz. These frequency ranges are both shown, especially as several harmonics of 169.4 MHz fall into these frequency ranges. For all other frequencies from 174 MHz to 1 GHz the ETSI limit is –36 dBm for an RBW of 100 kHz. This limit is valid up to a distance of 2.5 times the channel bandwidth to the carrier (adjacent and alternate channels are excepted). These frequency ranges are shown if they contain significant harmonics or other spurs. A measurement close to the carrier is also shown, as this is one of the most critical areas. Above 1 GHz the ETSI limit is –30 dBm for an RBW of 1 MHz. No plot of this area is shown, as all spurs are far away from the limit. www.onsemi.com AND9315/D 169 MHz narrow band, 12.5 kHz channel spacing, 4.8 kbps CLOSE TO 169.438 MHZ The following plot shows a power measurement of a 100 kHz bandwidth just beside the adjacent channel (center of measurement is at 81.25 kHz from the carrier). These are measurements “ALT2 Up” and “ALT2 Low”. Please note that the other channel power measurements plotted are irrelevant in an ETSI context. The ETSI limits are –36 dBm. The measurement for AX5043 is –37 dBm. Figure 12: Transmit spectrum, 169.438 MHz, GFSK BT=0.3, 4.8 kbps, 1.6 kHz half deviation with measurement in 100 kHz bandwidth beside the alternate channel (clause 7.8.2.1) www.onsemi.com AND9315/D 21 22 169 MHz narrow band, 12.5 kHz channel spacing, 4.8 kbps 174 – 230 MHZ Spurious emission in this frequency range is below the ETSI limit of –54 dBm. The highest spur at –57 dBm is at a distance of the reference frequency (16 MHz) from the carrier. Figure 13: Spurious emission 174 – 230 MHz www.onsemi.com AND9315/D 169 MHz narrow band, 12.5 kHz channel spacing, 4.8 kbps 230 – 470 MHZ Spurious emission in this frequency range is below the ETSI limit of –36 dBm. The highest spur at –39 dBm is a harmonic of the carrier frequency. Spectrum analyzer setting for this measurement is: detector function: max peak Figure 14: Spurious emission 230 – 470 MHz, detector function max peak www.onsemi.com AND9315/D 23 24 169 MHz narrow band, 12.5 kHz channel spacing, 4.8 kbps 470 – 862 MHZ Spurious emission in this frequency range is below the ETSI limit of –54 dBm. The highest spur at –59 dBm is a harmonic of the carrier frequency Figure 15: Spurious emission 470 – 862 MHz www.onsemi.com AND9315/D 169 MHz narrow band, 25 kHz channel spacing, 9.6 kbps 5. 169 MHz narrow band, 25 kHz channel s pacing, 9.6 kbps 5.1. Setup Module AX5043 DVK-2 Module with 16 MHz TCXO Differential antenna interface Internal VCO with external inductor & internal synthesizer loop filter Measurement equipment 0.5 m RG-58 cable from SMA to R&S FSEB spectrum analyzer (note 1) Mainboard and debug adapter DVK-2 Setup software AX-RadioLab V1.1 Carrier Frequency 169.438 MHz Bit rate 9.6 kbps Modulation GFSK BT=0.3 FSK half deviation 3.2 kHz Channel 25 kHz spacing, 16 kHz width Changes to setup software default register settings AX5043_PLLCPI_(TX) = 0x08 Changes to hardware default configuration none Power level for which module meets ETSI EN 300 220-1 V2.3.1 (2010-02) 15.45 dBm AX5043_PLLVCOI_(TX) = 0x88 Notes: 1. Values presented are the spectrum analyzer readings. Cable losses are not compensated 2. Unless otherwise stated spectrum analyzer settings are: detector function: RMS trace: clear/write 5.2. Regulatory Requirements ETSI EN 300 220-1 V2.3.1 (2010-02) in frequency band 169.4 – 169.475 MHz. 5.3. Measurements Output Power ETSI EN 300 220-1 V2.3.1 (2010-02), Subclause 7.2 For this measurement plot please see the equivalent section for 12.5 kHz channels instead of 25 kHz channels. www.onsemi.com AND9315/D 25 26 169 MHz narrow band, 25 kHz channel spacing, 9.6 kbps Adjacent Channel Power EN 300 220-1 V2.3.1 (2010-02), Subclause 7.6 The following plots show the modulated spectrum with measurements of adjacent channel power in channels of 16 kHz width and with 25 kHz spacing. The ETSI limit for adjacent channel power is 200 nW (-37 dBm). The measurement for AX5043 is –45 dBm. Figure 16: Transmit spectrum, 169.438 MHz, GFSK BT=0.3, 9.6 kbps, 3.2 kHz half deviation with adjacent channel power measurement for 25 kHz spaced channels www.onsemi.com AND9315/D 169 MHz narrow band, 25 kHz channel spacing, 9.6 kbps Unwanted Emissions in Spurious Domains EN 300 220-1 V2.3.1 (2010-02), Subclause 7.8 Emission spectra for the 25 kHz spaced channels do not differ from those for the 12.5 kHz spaced channel case, except close to 169.4 MHz. This case is shown in the next section. For all others see the equivalent section for 12.5 kHz channels instead of 25 kHz channels. CLOSE TO 169.438 MHZ The following plot shows a power measurement of a 100 kHz bandwidth just beside the adjacent channel (center of measurement is at 112.5 kHz from the carrier). These are measurements “ALT2 Up” and “ALT2 Low”. Please note that the other channel power measurements plotted are irrelevant in an ETSI context. The ETSI limits are –36 dBm. The measurement for AX5043 is – 37 dBm. Figure 17: Transmit spectrum, 169.438 MHz, GFSK BT=0.3, 9.6 kbps, 3.2 kHz half deviation with measurement in 100 kHz bandwidth beside the alternate channel (clause 7.8.2.1) www.onsemi.com AND9315/D 27 28 433 MHz wide band, 100 kbps 6. 433 MHz wide band, 100 kbps 6.1. Setup Module AX5043 DVK-1 Module with 48 MHz XTAL Differential antenna interface Internal VCO & internal synthesizer loop filter Measurement equipment 0.5 m RG-58 cable from SMA to R&S FSEB spectrum analyzer (note 1) Mainboard and debug adapter DVK-2 Setup software AX-RadioLab V1.1 Carrier Frequency 433.77 MHz Bit rate 100 kbps Modulation GFSK BT=0.5 FSK half deviation 25 kHz Changes to setup software default register settings AX5043_PLLCPI_(TX) = 0x02 AX5043_PLLVCOI _(TX) = 0x87 AX5043_0xF00_(TX) = 0x4F AX5043_REF_(TX) = 0x02 Changes to hardware default configuration Short between pins L2 and L1 48 MHz XTAL Power level for which module meets ETSI EN 300 220-1 V2.3.1 (2010-02) 14.9 dBm Notes: 1. Values presented are the spectrum analyzer readings. Cable losses are not compensated 2. Unless otherwise stated spectrum analyzer settings are: detector function: RMS trace: clear/write www.onsemi.com AND9315/D 433 MHz wide band, 100 kbps 6.2. Regulatory Requirements ETSI EN 300 220-1 V2.3.1 (2010-02) in frequency band 433.05 – 434.79 MHz. 6.3. Measurements Output Power ETSI EN 300 220-1 V2.3.1 (2010-02), Subclause 7.2 AX5043 is outputting CW for this measurement. The ETSI limit for the 433.05 – 434.79 MHz band is 10 mW (10 dBm). Even though the measured 14.9 dBm are over the ETSI limit, the following measurements were done at this power level. Figure 18: Transmit spectrum, 433.77 MHz, CW www.onsemi.com AND9315/D 29 30 433 MHz wide band, 100 kbps Modulation Bandwidth EN 300 220-1 V2.3.1 (2010-02), Subclause 7.7 The following three plots show the modulated output at different resolution bandwidths with the corresponding ETSI limit lines. Spectrum analyzer settings for all three measurements are: detector function: max peak trace: max hold Figure 19: Transmit spectrum, 433.77 MHz, GFSK BT=0.5, 100 kbps, 25 kHz half deviation, RBW=1 kHz, ETSI limit lines, detector max peak, trace max hold www.onsemi.com AND9315/D 433 MHz wide band, 100 kbps Figure 20: Transmit spectrum, 433.77 MHz, GFSK BT=0.5, 100 kbps, 25 kHz half deviation, RBW=10 kHz, ETSI limit lines, detector max peak, trace max hold www.onsemi.com AND9315/D 31 32 433 MHz wide band, 100 kbps Figure 21: Transmit spectrum, 433.77 MHz, GFSK BT=0.5, 100 kbps, 25 kHz half deviation, RBW=100 kHz, ETSI limit lines, detector max peak, trace max hold www.onsemi.com AND9315/D 433 MHz wide band, 100 kbps Unwanted Emissions in Spurious Domains EN 300 220-1 V2.3.1 (2010-02), Subclause 7.8 Unwanted emissions are shown for the most critical cases. From 470 – 862 MHz the ETSI limit is –54 dBm for an RBW of 100 kHz. From 862 MHz to 1 GHz the ETSI limit is –36 dBm for an RBW of 100 kHz. Above 1 GHz the ETSI limit is –30 dBm for an RBW of 1 MHz. Here the harmonics of the wanted signal are most critical. 470 – 862 MHZ Spurious emission in this frequency range is below the ETSI limit of –54 dBm. The highest spur is at –62 dBm. Figure 22: Spurious emission 470 – 862 MHz www.onsemi.com AND9315/D 33 34 433 MHz wide band, 100 kbps HARMONICS The second harmonic at 867 MHz is on the ETSI limit of –36 dBm. Harmonics above 1 GHz are well below the ETSI limit of –30 dBm. Spectrum analyzer settings for this measurement is: detector function: max peak Figure 23: Spurious emission 862 MHz – 1 GHz, detector function max peak www.onsemi.com AND9315/D 433 MHz wide band, 100 kbps Figure 24: Spurious emission above 1 GHz www.onsemi.com AND9315/D 35 36 433 MHz narrow band, 25 kHz channel spacing, 9.6 kbps 7. 433 MHz narrow band, 25 kHz channel spacing, 9.6 kbps 7.1. Setup Module AX5043 DVK-1 Module with 48 MHz XTAL Differential antenna interface Internal VCO & internal synthesizer loop filter Measurement equipment 0.5 m RG-58 cable from SMA to R&S FSEB spectrum analyzer (note 1) Mainboard and debug adapter DVK-2 Setup software AX-RadioLab V1.1 Carrier Frequency 434.415 MHz Bit rate 9.6 kbps Modulation GFSK BT=0.3 FSK half deviation 3.2 kHz Channel 25 kHz spacing, 16 kHz width Changes to setup software default register settings AX5043_PLLLOOP_(TX) = 0x0B AX5043_PLLCPI_(TX) = 0x08 AX5043_PLLVCOI _(TX) = 0x87 AX5043_0xF00_(TX) = 0x4F AX5043_REF_(TX) = 0x02 Changes to hardware default configuration Short between pins L2 and L1 48 MHz XTAL Power level for which module meets ETSI EN 300 220-1 V2.3.1 (2010-02) 14.75 dBm Notes: 1. Values presented are the spectrum analyzer readings. Cable losses are not compensated 2. Unless otherwise stated spectrum analyzer settings are: detector function: RMS trace: clear/write www.onsemi.com AND9315/D 433 MHz narrow band, 25 kHz channel spacing, 9.6 kbps 7.2. Regulatory Requirements ETSI EN 300 220-1 V2.3.1 (2010-02) in frequency band 434.040 – 434.790 MHz. 7.3. Measurements Output Power ETSI EN 300 220-1 V2.3.1 (2010-02), Subclause 7.2 AX5043 is outputting modulated data in the following plot. The ETSI limit for the 434.040 – 434.790 MHz band is 10 mW (10 dBm). AX5043 outputs 14.75 dBm. All the following measurements were done at this power setting. Figure 25: Transmit spectrum, 434.415 MHz, 9.6 kbps, GFSK BT=0.3 www.onsemi.com AND9315/D 37 38 433 MHz narrow band, 25 kHz channel spacing, 9.6 kbps Adjacent Channel Power EN 300 220-1 V2.3.1 (2010-02), Subclause 7.6 The following plots shows the modulated spectrum. Adjacent channel power is measured in channels of 16 kHz width and with 25 kHz spacing. The ETSI limit for adjacent channel power is 200 nW (-37 dBm). The measurement for AX5043 is –51.8 dBm. Figure 26: Transmit spectrum, 434.415 MHz, GFSK BT=0.3, 9.6 kbps, 3.2 kHz half deviation with adjacent channel power measurement for 25 kHz spaced channels www.onsemi.com AND9315/D 433 MHz narrow band, 25 kHz channel spacing, 9.6 kbps Unwanted Emissions in Spurious Domains EN 300 220-1 V2.3.1 (2010-02), Subclause 7.8 Unwanted emissions are only shown in the following for the most critical area, which is close to the 434.415 MHz carrier frequency. The other spurious emission measurements are not significantly different from the 433 MHz wide-band case. CLOSE TO 434.415 MHZ The following plot shows a power measurement of a 100 kHz bandwidth just beside the adjacent channel (center of measurement is at 112.5 kHz from the carrier). These are measurements “ALT2 Up” and “ALT2 Low”. Please note that the other channel power measurements plotted are irrelevant in an ETSI context. The ETSI limits are –36 dBm. The measurement for AX5043 is below –37 dBm. Figure 27: Transmit spectrum, 434.415 MHz, GFSK BT=0.3, 9.6 kbps, 3.2 kHz half deviation with measurement in 100 kHz bandwidth beside the alternate channel (clause 7.8.2.1) www.onsemi.com AND9315/D 39 40 868 MHz narrow band, 25 kHz channel spacing, 9.6 kbps 8. 868 MHz narrow band, 25 kHz channel spacing, 9.6 kbps 8.1. Setup Module AX5043 DVK-1 Module with 48 MHz XTAL Differential antenna interface Internal VCO & combined internal/external synthesizer loop filter Measurement equipment 0.5 m RG-58 cable from SMA to R&S FSEB spectrum analyzer (note 1) Mainboard and debug adapter DVK-2 Setup software AX-RadioLab V1.0c Carrier Frequency 868.3 MHz Bit rate 9.6 kbps Modulation GFSK BT=0.3 FSK half deviation 3.2 kHz Channel 25 kHz spacing, 16 kHz width Changes to setup software default register settings AX5043_0xF10 = 0x0F AX5043_PLLLOOP_(TX) = 0x07 AX5043_PLLCPI_(TX) = 0x08 AX5043_PLLVCOI_(TX) = 0x87 AX5043_0xF00_(TX) = 0x4F AX5043_REF_(TX) = 0x02 Changes to hardware default configuration Short between pins L2 and L1 48 MHz XTAL 39 pF between pin FILT and GND Power level for which module meets ETSI EN 300 220-1 V2.3.1 (2010-02) 13.44 dBm Notes: 1. Values presented are the spectrum analyzer readings. Cable losses are not compensated 2. Unless otherwise stated spectrum analyzer settings are: detector function: RMS trace: clear/write www.onsemi.com AND9315/D 868 MHz narrow band, 25 kHz channel spacing, 9.6 kbps 8.2. Regulatory Requirements ETSI EN 300 220-1 V2.3.1 (2010-02) in frequency band 868.0 – 868.6 MHz or 868.6 – 868.7 MHz. 8.3. Measurements Output Power ETSI EN 300 220-1 V2.3.1 (2010-02), Subclause 7.2 AX5043 is outputting modulated data in the following plot. The ETSI limit for the 868.0 – 868.6 MHz band is 25 mW (14 dBm), for the 868.6 – 868.7 MHz band it is 10 mW (10 dBm). AX5043 outputs 13.44 dBm. All the following measurements were done at this power. Figure 28: Transmit spectrum, 868.3 MHz, 9.6 kbps, GFSK BT=0.3 www.onsemi.com AND9315/D 41 42 868 MHz narrow band, 25 kHz channel spacing, 9.6 kbps Adjacent Channel Power EN 300 220-1 V2.3.1 (2010-02), Subclause 7.6 The following plots show the modulated spectrum with measurements of adjacent channel power in channels of 16 kHz width and with 25 kHz spacing. The ETSI limit for adjacent channel power is 200nW (-37 dBm). The measurement for AX5043 is below – 44 dBm. Figure 29: Transmit spectrum, 868.3 MHz, GFSK BT=0.3, 9.6 kbps, 3.2 kHz half deviation with adjacent channel power measurement for 25 kHz spaced channels www.onsemi.com AND9315/D 868 MHz narrow band, 25 kHz channel spacing, 9.6 kbps Unwanted Emissions in Spurious Domains EN 300 220-1 V2.3.1 (2010-02), Subclause 7.8 Spurious emission is shown close to the 868.3 MHz carrier frequency and for the 470 – 862 MHz frequency range. For other frequency ranges, see the section on 868.3 MHz wide band performance as well as the plot in this section shown for power measurement (subclause 7.2). CLOSE TO 868.3 MHZ The following plot shows a power measurement of a 100 kHz bandwidth just beside the adjacent channel (center of measurement is at 112.5 kHz from the carrier). These are measurements “ALT2 Up” and “ALT2 Low”. Please note that the other channel power measurements plotted are irrelevant in an ETSI context. The ETSI limits are –36 dBm. The measurement for AX5043 is below –37 dBm. Figure 30: Transmit spectrum, 868.3 MHz, GFSK BT=0.3, 9.6 kbps, 3.2 kHz half deviation with measurement in 100 kHz bandwidth beside the alternate channel (clause 7.8.2.1) www.onsemi.com AND9315/D 43 44 868 MHz narrow band, 25 kHz channel spacing, 9.6 kbps 470 – 862 MHZ From 470 – 862 MHz the ETSI limit is –54 dBm for an RBW of 100 kHz. The measurement for AX5043 is below –56 dBm. The most critical frequency is at the edge of the frequency range closest to the carrier frequency. Figure 31: Spurious emission 470 – 862 MHz www.onsemi.com AND9315/D 45 www.onsemi.com AND9315/D