LV8402GP Motor Driver Application Note

LV8402GP
Bi-CMOS IC
2ch Forward/Reverse
Motor Driver
Application Note
http://onsemi.com
Overview
LV8402GP is a 2ch forward/reverse motor driver IC using D-MOS FET for output stage. As MOS circuit is
used, it supports the PWM input. Its features are that the on resistance (0.75 typ) and current dissipation
are low.
It also provides protection functions such as heat protection circuit and reduced voltage detection and is
optimal for the motors that need high-current.
Function
 2ch forward/reverse motor driver.
 Low power consumption
 Low-ON resistance 0.75.
 Built-in EXTRA mode for PWM port reduction when a motor drives by two phase excitation.
 Built-in low voltage reset and thermal shutdown circuit.
 4 mode function forward/reverse, brake and standby
 Built-in charge pump.
Typical Applications





SLR-Camera lens anti-shake/Iris /auto focus control
LCD projector lens focus /pan-tilt drive
Battery powered toys and games
Portable printers/scanners
Robotic actuators and pumps
Package Dimensions
unit : mm (typ)
M
TOP VIEW
SIDE VIEW
BOTTOM VIEW
C1
(0.13)
(0.125)
3.5
+
5
4
3
2
1
OUT4
OUT3
PGND
PGND
OUT2
OUT1
7
(NC)
(NC) 24
8
VM
VM 23
9
VM
LV8402GP
24
2 1
0.5
10 IN4
VG 21
11 IN3
C1H 20
0.1uF
C1L 19
12 EN2
VCC
IN2
IN1
EN1
EXTRA
SGND
13
14
15
16
17
18
C3
(0.035)
0.25
C4
(0.5)
0.8
SIDE VIEW
＋Vmotor
10uF
VM 22
0.4
3.5
(C0.17)
6
＋Vcc
0.1uF
C2
0.01uF
SANYO : VCT24(3.5X3.5)
CPU
Semiconductor Components Industries, LLC, 2013
December, 2013
1/21
LV8402GP Application Note
(NC)
VM
VM
VG
C1H
C1L
Pin Assignment
24
23
22
21
20
19
OUT1 1
18 SGND
OUT2 2
17 EXTRA
PGND 3
16 EN1
LV8402GP
PGND 4
15 IN1
OUT3 5
14 IN2
OUT4 6
13 VCC
11
12
EN2
VM
10
IN3
(NC)
9
IN4
8
VM
7
Top view
Block Diagram
Control voltage
2.8V to 5.5V
VCC
VM
Startup
control
block
Thermal
Protection
Circuit
OUT1
OUT2
Reducedvoltage
protection
circuit
VM
EN1
EN2
OUT3
IN1
IN2
OUT4
Motor control
logic
IN1
PGND
VCC
IN2
Motor voltage
1.5V to 15V
Charge pump
VCC+VM
EXTRA
C1H
C1L
VG
SGND
* Connect a kickback absorption capacitor as near as possible to the IC. Coil kickback may cause increase in
VM line voltage, and a voltage exceeding the maximum rating may be applied momentarily to the IC, which
results in deterioration or damage of the IC
2/21
Allowable power dissipation, Pd max -- W
LV8402GP Application Note
Pd max -- Ta
1.2
Specified bord:40.0mm × 50.0mm × 0.8mm3
4 Layer glass epoxy
1.0
0.8
0.6
0.55
0.4
0.2
0
-30
10
-10
30
50
70
90
Ambient temperature, Ta -- C
Specifications
Maximum Ratings at Ta = 25C, SGND = PGND = 0V
Parameter
Symbol
Conditions
Ratings
Unit
Power supply voltage (for load)
VM max
-0.5 to 16.0
Power supply voltage (for control)
VCC max
-0.5 to 6.0
V
Output current
IO max
1.4
A
2.5
A
-0.5 to VCC+0.5
V
t  10ms
V
Output peak current
IO peak
Input voltage
VIN max
Allowable power dissipation
Pd max
Operating temperature
Topr
-30 to +85
C
Storage temperature
Tstg
-55 to +150
C
Mounted on a specified board*
1050
mW
* Specified board : 40.0mm  50.0mm  0.8mm, 4 Layer glass epoxy board.
Caution 1) Absolute maximum ratings represent the value which cannot be exceeded for any length of time.
Caution 2) Even when the device is used within the range of absolute maximum ratings, as a result of continuous usage
under high temperature, high current, high voltage, or drastic temperature change, the reliability of the IC may
be degraded. Please contact us for the further details.
Stresses exceeding Maximum Ratings may damage the device. Maximum Ratings are stress ratings only. Functional operation above the Recommended Operating
Conditions is not implied. Extended exposure to stresses above the Recommended Operating Conditions may affect device reliability.
Recommended Operating Conditions at Ta  25C
Parameter
Symbol
Conditions
Ratings
min
typ
max
Unit
Power supply voltage (VM pin)
VM
1.5
15,0
Power supply voltage (VCC pin)
VCC
2.8
5.5
V
Input signal voltage
VIN
0
VCC
V
Input signal frequency
f max
200
V
kHz
3/21
LV8402GP Application Note
Electrical Characteristics at Ta  25C, VCC = 3.0V, VM = 6.0V, SGND = PGND = 0V, unless otherwise
specified.
Parameter
Symbol
Conditions
Remarks
Ratings
min
typ
max
A
Standby load current drain
IMO
EN1=EN2=0V, EXTRA=3V
1
Standby control current drain
ICO
EN1=EN2=IN1=IN2=IN3=IN4=0V
2
Operating control current drain
IC1
EN=3V, with no load
3
High-level input voltage
VIH
2.7  VCC  5.5V
0.6VC
VCC
V
Low-level input voltage
VIL
2.7  VCC  5.5V
C
0
0.2VC
V
C
25
A
High-level input current
1.0
Unit
0.85
IIH
VIN = 3V
4
15
IIL
VIN = 0V
4
-1.0
100
1.0
A
1.2
mA
(IN1, IN2 , IN3 , IN4 , EN1, EN2)
Low-level input current
A
(IN1, IN2, IN3 , IN4 , EN1, EN2)
Pull-down resistance value
RDN
IN1, IN2, IN3 , IN4 , EN1, EN2
4
High-level input current 2
IIH2
VIN = 3V
5
200
IIL2
VIN = 0V
5
-25
-15
RUP
EXTRA
5
100
200
400
k
1.0
A
(IN1, IN2 , IN3 , IN4 , EN1, EN2)
Low-level input current 2
A
(IN1, IN2, IN3 , IN4 , EN1, EN2)
Pull-up resistance value
Charge pump voltage
VG
VCC + VM
Output ON resistance 1
RON1
Sum of top and bottom sides ON
8.5
Output ON resistance 2
RON2
Sum of top and bottom sides ON
400
k
9.0
9.5
V
6
0.75
1.2

6
1.0
1.5

V
resistance.
resistance. VCC = 2.8V
Low-voltage detection voltage
VCS
VCC pin voltage is monitored
7
2.15
2.30
2.45
Thermal shutdown temperature
Tth
Design guarantee value *
8
150
180
210
C
Output block
TPLH
When no load. Design guarantee value *
9
0.3
0.5
S
When no load.
10
100
200
nS
When no load. Design guarantee value *
9
0.35
0.6
S
When no load.
10
100
200
nS
Turn-on time
Turn-off time
TPHL
* : Design guarantee value and no measurement is preformed.
Remarks
1. Current consumption when output at the VM pin is off.
2. Current consumption at the VCC for standby mode.
3. EN1=3V (IC starts) shows the current consumption of the VCC pin.
4. Pins IN 1, 2, 3, 4, EN1, and EN2 are all pulled down according to resistance.
5. EXTRA pin is pulled up according to resistance.
6. Sum of upper and lower saturation voltages of OUT pin divided by the current.
7. All power transistors are turned off if a low VCC condition is detected.
8. All output transistors are turned off if the thermal protection circuit is activated. They are turned on again
as the temperature goes down.
9. Rising time from 10 to 90% and falling time from 90 to 10% are specified.
10. The change of the voltage of the input pin provides for time until the voltage of the terminal OUT
changes by 10% at the time of 50% of VCC.
IN
50%
50%
90%
OUT
10%
TIOH TPLH
90%
10%
TIOL TPHL
4/21
LV8402GP Application Note
Truth Table
EXTRA
H
L
EN1
IN1
IN2
OUT1
OUT2
(EN2)
(IN3)
(IN4)
(OUT3)
(OUT4)
H
Charge pump
Mode
ON
Stand-by
H
H
Z
Z
H
L
L
H
Reverse
L
H
H
L
Forward
L
L
L
L
Brake
L
-
-
L
L
OFF
Stand-by
H
H
-
L
H
ON
Reverse
L
-
H
L
Forward
-
-
L
L
Brake
L
- : denotes a don't care value. Z: High-Impedance
 In the standby mode, current consumption vanishes.
* All power transistors turn off and the motor stops driving when the IC is detected in low voltage or thermal
protection mode.
Usage Notes

2ch parallel connection
If use of high current is required, you can connect 2 H Bridges in parallel to drive 1 DC motor.
By connecting IN1-IN3, IN2-IN4, EN1-EN2, OUT1-OUT3, and OUT2-OUT4 respectively, ON resistance is
reduced by half and current capacity doubles.
M
6
5
4
3
2
1
OUT4
OUT3
PGND
PGND
OUT2
OUT1
7
(NC)
(NC) 24
8
VM
VM 23
9
VM
VM supply
+
C1
VM 22
LV8402GP
10 IN4
VG 21
11 IN3
C1H 20
C4
0.1uF
C5
12 EN2
C1L 19
VCC
IN2
IN1
EN1
EXTRA
SGND
13
14
15
16
17
18
0.01uF
VCC supply
C3
Logic input

Charge pump circuit is integrated.
VG voltage (VM+VCC) drives the gate of the upper power transistor.
VCC voltage drives the gate of the lower power transistor.
The characteristics of the on resistance of output power transistor is independent of VM voltage, but
dependent on VCC voltage.
5/21
LV8402GP Application Note
Pin Functions
Pin No.
Pin name
20
C1H
21
VG
Description
Equivalent circuit
Step-up capacitor connection pin.
VG
C1H
17
EXTRA
Extra logic pin.
VCC
(Logic switch for PWM)
EXTRA
16
EN1
Driver output switching.
12
EN2
Logic enable pin.
15
IN1
14
IN2
11
IN3
10
IN4
1
OUT1
2
OUT2
5
OUT3
6
OUT4
VCC
(Pull-down resistor incorporated)
Driver output.
VM
OUT
OUT
PGND
8, 9,
VM
Motor block power supply.
13
VCC
Logic block power supply.
18
SGND
Control block ground.
3, 4
PGND
Driver block ground.
22, 23
6/21
LV8402GP Application Note
Reference data
7/21
LV8402GP Application Note
8/21
LV8402GP Application Note
APPLICATION INFORMATION
1.Charge pump circuit
In LV8402GP, Nch-MOSFET is used in the upper and lower output transistor. And to drive the gate of the upper
Nch-MOSFET, charge pump circuit is integrated.
By connecting capacitor between C1L and C1H and another capacitor between VG and SGND, the voltage of
VM+VCC is generated in VG.
The recommended capacitor between C1L and C1H: 0.01μF/25V The assumed value: 0.0047μF to 0.1μF.
The recommended capacitor between VG and SGND: 0.1μF/25V The assumed value: 0.047μF to 1μF.
The capacitance influences the capability of load current of VG voltage.
Charge pump waveform example
C1L
condition
VM=6V VCC=3V
C1H
C1L pin
C1H pin
VG pin
0V to VCC pulse
VM to (VM+VCC) pulse
VM+VCC voltage
VG
5μs/div
2. Thermal Shutdown
The LV8402GP will disable the outputs if the junction temperature reaches 180°C.
When temperature falls 30 °C, the IC outputs a set output mode.
TSD = 180C (typ)
TSD = 30C (typ)
3. Low voltage protection function
When the power supply voltage is as follows 2.3V in LV8402GP, OFF does the output.
When the power supply voltage is as above typical 2.38V, the IC outputs a set state.
9/21
LV8402GP Application Note
Motor connecting figure

stepping motor connect (1-2phase excitation , 2phase excitation nomal mode)
M
6
5
4
3
2
1
OUT4
OUT3
PGND
PGND
OUT2
OUT1
7
(NC)
(NC) 24
8
VM
VM 23
9
VM
VM supply
+
C1
VM 22
LV8402GP
10 IN4
VG 21
11 IN3
C1H 20
C4
0.1uF
C5
12 EN2
0.01uF
C1L 19
VCC
IN2
IN1
EN1
EXTRA
SGND
13
14
15
16
17
18
VCC supply
C3
Logic input

stepping motor connect (2-phase excitation extra mode)
M
6
5
4
3
2
1
OUT4
OUT3
PGND
PGND
OUT2
OUT1
7
(NC)
(NC) 24
8
VM
VM 23
9
VM
VM supply
+
C1
VM 22
LV8402GP
10 IN4
VG 21
11 IN3
C1H 20
C4
0.1uF
C5
12 EN2
C1L 19
VCC
IN2
IN1
EN1
EXTRA
SGND
13
14
15
16
17
18
0.01uF
VCC supply
C3
Logic input
10/21
LV8402GP Application Note

2 DC motors connect
M
M
6
5
4
3
2
1
OUT4
OUT3
PGND
PGND
OUT2
OUT1
7
(NC)
(NC) 24
8
VM
VM 23
9
VM
VM supply
+
C1
VM 22
LV8402GP
10 IN4
VG 21
11 IN3
C1H 20
C4
0.1uF
C5
12 EN2
0.01uF
C1L 19
VCC
IN2
IN1
EN1
EXTRA
SGND
13
14
15
16
17
18
VCC supply
C3
Logic input

DC motor parallel connect
M
6
5
4
3
2
1
OUT4
OUT3
PGND
PGND
OUT2
OUT1
7
(NC)
(NC) 24
8
VM
VM 23
9
VM
VM supply
+
C1
VM 22
LV8402GP
10 IN4
VG 21
11 IN3
C1H 20
C4
0.1uF
C5
12 EN2
C1L 19
VCC
IN2
IN1
EN1
EXTRA
SGND
13
14
15
16
17
18
0.01uF
VCC supply
C3
Logic input
The capacitor C1 and C3 are used to stabilize power supply. And capacitance is variable depends on board
layout, capability of motor or power supply.
Recommendation range for C1: approx. 0.1μF to 10μF
Recommendation range for C2: approx. 0.01μF to 1μF
In order to set an optimum capacitance for stable power supply, make sure to confirm the waveform of the
supply voltage of a motor under operation
11/21
LV8402GP Application Note
Operation principal
 Full-Step Drive (2 phase excitation drive) normal mode
Motor advances 90 degree by inputting 1 step.
EXTRA pin = Open
EN1
IN1
IN2
EN2
IN3
IN4
(%)
100
I1
0
-100
100
I2
0
-100
③
④
①
②
③
④
①
 Full-Step Drive (2 phase excitation drive) EXTRA mode
Motor advances 90 degree by inputting 1 step.
EXTRA pin = Low
EN1
IN1
EN2
IN3
(%)
100
I1
0
-100
100
I2
0
-100
③
④
①
②
③
④
①
12/21
LV8402GP Application Note
 Half-Step Drive (1-2 phase excitation drive)
Motor advances 45 degree by inputting 1 step.
EN1
IN1
Phase A +
Phase B –
IN2
Phase A +
Phase B OFF
①
⑧
Phase A +
Phase B +
②
45deg
EN2
Phase A OFF
Phase B +
Phase A OFF
Phase B –
IN3
⑦
③
IN4
(%)
100
I1
⑥
0
-100
Phase A –
Phase B –
100
I2
⑤
Phase A –
Phase B OFF
④
Phase A –
Phase B +
0
-100
⑧ ① ② ③ ④ ⑤ ⑥ ⑦ ⑧ ① ② ③ ④ ⑤
13/21
LV8402GP Application Note
Waveform example
No load VCC=3V VM=6V EN1=”H”, IN2=”L”
Revers
No load VCC=3V VM=6V EN=”H”, IN2=”H”
IN1
IN1
OUT1
OUT1
OUT2
OUT2
Standby Forward
Brake
10us/div
2ms/div
No load VCC=3V VM=6V EN1=”H” IN2=”L”
Time scale expansion
“fall time”
No load VCC=3V VM=6V EN1=”H” IN2=”L”
Time scale expansion
“rise time”
IN1
Brake
Revers
Brake
Revers
OUT1
OUT1
OUT2
OUT2
about 0.4us
0.2us/div
IN1
about 0.4us
0.2us/div
No load VCC=3V VM=12V EN1=”H” IN2=”L”
Time scale expansion
“fall time”
No load VCC=3V VM=12V EN1=”H” IN2=”L”
Time scale expansion
“rise time”
IN1
Brake
Revers
IN1
Brake
OUT1
Revers
OUT1
OUT2
0.2us/div
about 0.5us
OUT2
0.2us/div
about 0.3us
14/21
LV8402GP Application Note
Evaluation board description
1.Evaluation board circuit diagram
C1
C2
1uF
6
5
4
3
2
1
OUT4
OUT3
PGND
PGND
OUT2
OUT1
7
(NC)
(NC) 24
8
VM
VM 23
9
VM
VM 22
+
10uF
LV8402GP
10 IN4
VG 21
11 IN3
C1H 20
C4
0.1uF
12 EN2
C1L 19
VCC
IN2
IN1
EN1
EXTRA
SGND
13
14
15
16
17
18
C5
C3
0.01uF
0.1uF
V
COM
G
V
COM
G
V
COM
G
Board view
V
COM
G
V
COM
G
V
COM
G
V
COM
G
Board layout
15/21
LV8402GP Application Note
Bill of Materials for LV8402GP Evaluation Board
Footprint
Manufacturer
Manufacturer
Part Number
Substitution
Allowed
Lead
Free
VCT24
ON
Semiconductor
LV8402GP
No
Yes
10µF
50V
SUN Electronic
Industries
50ME10HC
Yes
Yes
0.1µF
100V
murata
GRM188R72A
104KA35D
Yes
Yes
0.1µF
100V
murata
GRM188R72A
104KA35D
Yes
Yes
0.1µF
100V
murata
GRM188B11H
103K
Yes
Yes
Switch
MIYAMA
MS-621-A01
Yes
Yes
Test points
MAC8
ST-1-3
Yes
Yes
Designator
Qty
Description
IC1
1
Motor Driver
C1
1
VM Bypass
capacitor
C3
1
VCC Bypass
capacitor
C4
1
C5
1
SW1-SW7
7
TP1-TP14
14
Charge
pump
capacitor1
Charge
pump
capacitor2
Value
Tol
16/21
LV8402GP Application Note
2. Two DC motor drive
 Connect OUT1 and OUT2, OUT3 and OUT4 to a DC motor each.
 Connect the motor power supply with the terminal VM, the control power supply with the terminal VCC.
Connect the GND line with the terminal GND.
 DC motor becomes the predetermined output state corresponding to the input state by inputting a signal
such as the following truth value table into EN1, EN2, IN1~IN4.
 See the table in p.5 for further information on input logic.
DC motor load VCC=3V VM=6V EN1=”H”, IN2=”L”
Current waveform example
“motor start”
IN1
OUT1
OUT2
Brake
Revers
Icoil
Motor stop
Motor rotate
20ms/div
High current flows when the DC motor starts to rotate. After a while, induced voltage “Ea” is generated from
motor and current value gradually decreases in the course of motor rotation.
Given that the coil resistor is Rcoil, motor supply voltage is Vm, the motor current Im is obtained as follows: Im=
(Vm-Ea) /Rcoil
17/21
LV8402GP Application Note
DC motor load VCC=3V VM=6V EN1=”H”, IN2=”L”
Current waveform example
“brake current”
IN1
OUT1
Brake
Revers
Brake
OUT2
Icoil
Motor stop
Motor rotate
20ms/div
By setting brake mode while the DC motor is under rotation, DC motor becomes short-brake state and thereby
decreases rotation count rapidly.
In this case, the current of Im=Ea/Rcoil flows reversely due to the induced voltage Ea generated while the
motor was under rotation. And by stopping the rotation of DC motor, Ea becomes 0. Therefore, the current also
becomes 0.
DC motor load VCC=3V VM=6V EN1=”H”
Current waveform example
“active reverse brake current”
IN1
IN2
OUT1
Icoil
Motor stop
Brake
Forwar
d
Revers
20ms/div
If a direction of rotation is switched while the DC motor is under rotation, torque for reverse rotation is
generated. Therefore, the change of rotation takes place more abruptly.
In this case, since the voltage of VM is added as well as the induced voltage Ea that occurred during the motor
rotation, the following current flows: Im= (VM+Ea) /Rcoil
Since this driving method generates the highest current at the startup of DC motor, if the current value exceeds
the Iomax, it is recommended to set brake mode between forward and reverse to reduce induced voltage.
18/21
LV8402GP Application Note
3. One stepping motor drive
 Connect a stepping motor with OUT1, OUT2, OUT3 and OUT4.
 Connect the motor power supply with the terminal VM, the control power supply with the terminal VCC.
Connect the GND line with the terminal GND.
 STP motor drives it in an Full-Step, Half-Step by inputting a signal such as follows into EN1,EN2,IN1~IN4.
 For input signal to function generator, refer to p.12 and p.13.
To reverse motor rotation, make sure to input signal to outward direction.
19/21
LV8402GP Application Note
Recommended Soldering Footprint
20/21
LV8402GP Application Note
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performance may vary over time. All operating parameters, including “Typicals” must be validated for each customer application by customer’s technical experts.
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components in systems intended for surgical implant into the body, or other applications intended to support or sustain life, or for any other application in which
the failure of the SCILLC product could create a situation where personal injury or death may occur. Should Buyer purchase or use SCILLC products for any
such unintended or unauthorized application, Buyer shall indemnify and hold SCILLC and its officers, employees, subsidiaries, affiliates, and distributors
harmless against all claims, costs, damages, and expenses, and reasonable attorney fees arising out of, directly or indirectly, any claim of personal injury or
death associated with such unintended or unauthorized use, even if such claim alleges that SCILLC was negligent regarding the design or manufacture of the
part. SCILLC is an Equal Opportunity/Affirmative Action Employer. This literature is subject to all applicable copyright laws and is not for resale in any manner.
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