Motor Driver, Sensor Less, Brushless, 3-Phase

Ordering number : ENA1441C
LV8804FV
Bi-CMOS LSI
PC and Server
http://onsemi.com
Fan Motor Driver
Overview
The LV8804FV is a motor driver for PC and server fans.
Feature
• Direct PWM 3-phase sensorless motor driver
Specifications
Absolute Maximum Ratings at Ta = 25°C
Parameter
Symbol
Conditions
Ratings
Unit
VCC maximum supply voltage
VCC max
16
V
VG maximum supply voltage
VG max
21
V
OUT pin maximum output current
IOUT max
1.2
A
SOFTST pin withstand voltage
VSOFTST max
6
V
FR pin withstand voltage
VFR max
6
V
CTL pin withstand voltage
VCTL max
6
V
MINSP pin withstand voltage
VMINSP max
6
V
FG output pin withstand voltage
VFG max
16
V
FG pin maximum output current
IFG max
5
mA
Allowable Power dissipation
Pd max1
Independent IC
0.3
W
Pd max2
Mounted on specified board *
UO, VO, and WO pins
0.95
W
Operating temperature
Topr
-30 to +95
°C
Storage temperature
Tstg
-55 to +150
°C
* Specified board: 76.1mm × 114.3mm × 1.6mm, glass epoxy board (single-layer)
Caution 1) Absolute maximum ratings represent the value which cannot be exceeded for any length of time.
Caution 2) Even when the device is used within the range of absolute maximum ratings, as a result of continuous usage under high temperature, high current,
high voltage, or drastic temperature change, the reliability of the IC may be degraded. Please contact us for the further details.
Stresses exceeding Maximum Ratings may damage the device. Maximum Ratings are stress ratings only. Functional operation above the Recommended Operating
Conditions is not implied. Extended exposure to stresses above the Recommended Operating Conditions may affect device reliability.
Semiconductor Components Industries, LLC, 2013
May, 2013
92612NK 20120830-S00004/N0211 SY/62911 SY /42809 MS No.A1441-1/10
LV8804FV
Allowable Operating Conditions at Ta = 25°C
Parameter
Symbol
VCC supply voltage
VCC
SOFTST input voltage range
FR input voltage range
Conditions
Ratings
Unit
6 to 15
V
VSOFTST
0 to VREG
V
VFR
0 to VREG
V
CTL input voltage range
VCTL
0 to VREG
V
MINSP input voltage range
VMINSP
0 to VREG
V
Electrical Characteristics at Ta = 25°C, VCC = 12V, unless otherwise specified
Parameter
Symbol
Ratings
Conditions
min
Circuit current 1
typ
Unit
max
ICC1
3
VVG
17
4
mA
Charge pump block
Charge pump output voltage
V
Regulator block
5V regulator voltage
VVREG
4.75
5
5.25
V
Output on resistance
High-side output transistor on resistance
Ron (H)
IO = 0.7A, VG = 17V
0.6
1.0
Ω
Low-side output transistor on resistance
Ron (L)
IO = 0.7A, VCC = 12V
0.6
1.0
Ω
Sum of high-/low-side output transistor
Ron (H+L)
IO = 0.7A, VCC = 12V, VG = 17V
1.2
2
Ω
on resistance
Startup oscillator (OSC) pin
OSC pin charge current
IOSCC
-2.5
μA
OSC pin discharge current
IOSCD
2.5
μA
Control voltage input (CTL) pin
Motor drive on voltage input range
VCTLON
0
3
V
Motor drive off voltage input range
VCTLOFF
3.5
VREG
V
VMINSP1
1
3
V
VMINSP2
4
VREG
V
4
VREG
V
0
1
V
0.25
0.35
V
0.25
0.275
V
Minimum speed setting pin
Minimum speed setting voltage input
range
Minimum speed releasing voltage input
range
Forward/reverse switching pin
High-level input voltage range
VFRH
Order of current application :
UOUT→VOUT→WOUT
Low-level input voltage range
VFRL
Order of current application :
UOUT→WOUT→VOUT
FG output pin
FG output pin low-level voltage
VFG
When IO is 2mA
VRF
Limit current set to 1A when RF is 0.25Ω.
Current limiter circuit
Limiter voltage
0.225
Constraint protection circuit
CT pin high-level voltage
VCTH
2.25
2.8
2.95
V
CT pin low-level voltage
VCTL
0.43
0.5
0.65
V
CT pin charge current
ICTC
-2.9
-2.5
-2.2
μA
CT pin discharge current
ICTD
0.23
0.25
0.32
μA
ICT charge/discharge ratio
RCT
7
10
13
Soft start circuit
Soft start releasing voltage
VSOFTST
2.5
V
SOFTST pin charge current
ISOFTST
0.6
μA
Thermal protection circuit
Thermal protection circuit operating
TSD
Design target *
150
180
210
°C
temperature
* : Design target value and no measurement is made. The thermal protection circuit is incorporated to protect the IC from burnout or thermal destruction. Since
it operates outside the IC's guaranteed operating range, the customer's thermal design should be performed so that the thermal protection circuit will not be
activated when the fan is running under normal operating conditions.
No.A1441-2/10
LV8804FV
Package Dimensions
unit : mm (typ)
3360
Pd max -- Ta
Allowable power dissipation, Pd max -- W
1.2
5.2
0.5
4.4
6.4
20
12
0.5
0.22
0.15
1.5 MAX
(1.3)
(0.35)
1.0
0.95
Thermal resistance
evaluation board :
76.1×114.3×1.6mm3
glass epoxy
Thermal resistance
evaluation board
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.42
Independent IC
0.3
0.2
0.13
0
-30 -20
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
0.1
Ambient temperature,Ta -- °C
SANYO : SSOP20J(225mil)
Pin Assignment
SOFTST 1
20 MINSP
FG 2
19 CTL
CT 3
18 F/R
OSC 4
17 VREG
GND 5
16 FIL
LV8804FV
VG 6
15 COMIN
CP 7
14 COM
CPC 8
13 VCC
RF 9
12 UO
WO 10
11 VO
Top view
No.A1441-3/10
LV8804FV
Block Diagram
VCC
FG
CT
FG
RD
CTOSC
VREF
VG
CPO
CP
CHARGE
PUMP
CTL
CTLAMP
CTL
VREG
REFOSC
VREG
VREG
MINSP
SENSORLESS
LOGIC
OSC
F/R
START
OSC
PRI DRIVE
FIL
VCC
COMIN
SELECTOR
COM
CURR LIM
GND
UO
VO
WO
COM
RF
SOFTST
No.A1441-4/10
LV8804FV
Pin Function
Pin No.
1
Pin name
SOFTST
Function
Equivalent circuit
Soft start time setting.
VREG
The motor can be started smoothly by
connecting a capacitor between this pin and
ground.
500Ω
1
2
FG
FG pulse output. This pin outputs a Hall
2
sensor system equivalent pulse signal.
3
CT
Motor lockup detection time setting.
VREG
When the motor lockup condition is detected,
the protection time period before the
protection circuit is activated is set by
connecting a capacitor between this pin and
ground.
500Ω
3
4
OSC
Motor startup frequency setting. A capacitor
VREG
must be connected between this pin and
ground. The startup frequency is adjusted by
controlling the charge/discharge current and
500Ω
capacitance of the capacitor.
4
5
GND
GND pin.
6
VG
Charge pump step-up voltage output.
7
A capacitor must be connected between this
pin and the VCC pin or ground.
7
CP
500Ω
8
VCC
VREG
Charge pump step-up pulse output pin.
6
A capacitor must be connected between this
pin and the CPC pin (pin 14).
8
CPC
Charge pump step-up pin.
A capacitor must be connected between this
pin and the CP pin (pin 13).
13
VCC
Power supply for the IC and motor.
13
Capacitors must be connected between
these pins and ground.
12
UO
Output pins. Connect these pins to the U, V,
11
VO
and W of the motor coil.
10
WO
9
RF
12
11
10
9
Output current detection pins. The drive
current is detected by connecting a resistor
between these pins and ground.
Continued on next page.
No.A1441-5/10
LV8804FV
Continued from preceding page.
Pin No.
Pin name
Function
14
COM
Motor middle point connection.
15
COMIN
Motor position detection comparator filter
Equivalent circuit
VG
pin. A capacitor must be connected between
this pin and the FIL pin (pin 16).
14
16
FIL
Motor position detection comparator filter
pin. A capacitor must be connected between
15 16
this pin and the COMIN pin (pin 15).
17
VREG
Regulator voltage (5V) output.
VCC
A capacitor must be connected between
these pins and ground.
17
VREG
18
F/R
Motor rotation direction switching. A
high-level input causes current to flow into
VREG
Reverse signal
the motor in the order of U, V, and W and a
low-level input in the order of U, W, and V.
Changing the order of current application
turns the motor in the opposite direction.
15kΩ
Forward/reverse
switching signal
18
100kΩ
Forward signal
19
CTL
Motor control voltage input.
VREG
When the control voltage is higher than 3V
(3V < CTL voltage), the motor stops.
The motor speed is controlled by varying the
control voltage within the range of 3V to 1V
(3V > CTL voltage > 1V). When the control
voltage becomes lower that 1V (1V > CTL
voltage), the current limit set by the RF
resistor is reached.
20
MINSP
Minimum speed setting voltage input.
The minimum speed of the motor can be set
by resistor-dividing the regulator voltage and
500Ω
500Ω
feeding the resultant voltage that is within the
range of 1V to 3V (1 V < MINSP < 3V).
20
19
No.A1441-6/10
LV8804FV
LV8804FV Functional Description
1. Control Characteristics
IRF
When RF = 0.25Ω
The gradient and limit current are determined by the resistance of the RF pin.
1A
Minimum speed
This minimum speed is determined by the MINSP pin voltage.
0.5A
VCTL
0V
1V
2V
3V
4V
The current flowing to the motor and the control characteristics are determined by adjusting the resistance of the RF
resistor.
By connecting a resistor with a resistance of 0.25Ω between the RF pin and GND, the limit current is set at a motor
current of 1A, and the control characteristics shown in the diagram above are achieved.
By increasing the RF resistance, the limit current is reduced; conversely, by reducing the RF resistance, the limit
current is increased.
Since IO max. is 1.2A, the RF resistance must be set in such a way that the current flowing to the motor does not exceed
this maximum value.
By varying the CTL voltage between 1V and 3V, the current flowing to the output is limited.
PWM control is exercised within the voltage range above (1V to 3V) to control the motor speed.
When the CTL voltage is less than 1V, the current limiter value determined by the RF resistance is reached, and the
motor speed is limited.
When the CTL voltage is greater than 3V, PWM is reduced to 0%, and the motor stops. (However, the motor does not
stop if the minimum speed has been set.)
The minimum speed can be set by resistor-dividing the REG voltage (5V) to create a voltage of 1V to 3V, and inputting
this voltage to the MINSP pin.
If the minimum speed is not going to be set, the MINSP pin and CTL pin (pin 8) must be short-circuited.
2. Timing at Startup (soft start)
VCC pin
CTL pin
Stop
Soft start
SOFTS pin
Stop
Full speed
The gradient changes in accordance with the capacitance of the SOFTST pin.
(The higher the capacitance, the steeper the gradient.)
Full speed
No.A1441-7/10
LV8804FV
Application Circuit Example
*3
*2
VCC
UO
VO
WO
COM
VG
CP
CPC
VREG
COMIN
*4
MINSP
FIL
*9
*13
*12
CTL
FG
FG
F/R
PWM
*5
*7
1000pF
*8
CT
SOFTST
OSC
GND
*6
RF
*1
*1. Power supply and GND wiring
The GND is connected to the control circuit power supply system.
*2. Power-side power stabilization capacitor
For the power-side power stabilization capacitor, use a capacitor of 10μF or more.
Connect the capacitor between VCC and GND with a thick and along the shortest possible route.
LV8804FV uses synchronous rectification for high efficiency drive. Synchronous rectification is effective for heat
reduction and higher efficiency. However, it may increase supply voltage.
If the supply voltage shall increase, make sure that it does not exceed the maximum ratings by inserting a zener diode
between power supply and GND.
*3. Reverse connection protection diode
This diode protects reverse connection.
Insert a diode between power supply and VCC pin to protect the IC from destruction due to reverse connection.
Connection of this diode is not necessary required.
*4. COMIN and FIL pins
These pins are used to connect the filter capacitor. The LV8804FV uses the back EMF signal generated when the
motor is running to detect the information on the rotor position. The IC determines the timing at which the output
block applies current to the motor based on the position information obtained here. Insert a filter capacitor (1,000pF to
10,000pF) between the COMIN pin and FIL pin to prevent any motor startup miss-operation that is caused by noise.
However, care must be taken since an excessively high capacitance will give rise to deterioration in efficiency and
delays in the output power-on timing while the motor is running at high speed.
Furthermore, connect the capacitor between the COMIN pin and FIL pin as close as possible in order to avoid the
effects of noise from other sources.
*5. CT pin
This pin is used to connect the lock detection capacitor.
The constant-current charging and constant-current discharging circuits incorporated causes locking when the pin
voltage reaches 2.5V, and releasing the lock protection when it drops to 0.5V. This pin must be connected to the GND
when it is not going to be used.
No.A1441-8/10
LV8804FV
*6. RF pins
These pins are used to set the current limit.
When the pin voltage exceeds 0.25V, the current is limited, and regeneration mode is established. In the application
circuit, this voltage is set in such a way that the current limit will be established at 1A.
The calculation formula is given below.
RF resistance = 0.25V/target current limit value
*7. SOFTST pin
This pin is used to set the soft start.
By connecting a capacitor between this pin and GND, the motor speed can be increased gradually.
When the pin voltage exceeds 2.5V, the soft start is released, and the LV8804FV is switched to normal control.
If the soft start function is not going to be used, connect the pin to the VREG pin.
*8. OSC pin
This pin is used to connect the capacitor for setting the startup frequency.
A capacitor with a capacitance ranging from about 500pF to 2,200pF (recommended value) must be connected
between this pin and GND.
The OSC pin determines the motor startup frequency, so be sure to connect a capacitor to it.
<How to select the capacitance>
Select a capacitance value that will result in the shortest possible startup time for achieving the target speed and
produce minimal variations in the startup time. If the capacitance is too high, variations in the startup time will
increase; conversely, if it is too low, the motor may idle. The optimum OSC constant depends on the motor
characteristics and startup current, so be sure to recheck them when the type of motor used or circuit specifications are
changed.
*9. MINSP pin
This pin is used to input the voltage to set the minimum speed.
The minimum speed can be set by resistor-dividing the VREG voltage (5V) to create a voltage of 1 to 3V, and
inputting this voltage to the MINSP pin.
If the minimum speed is not going to be set, the MINSP pin and CTL pin must be short-circuited.
*10. VG, CP, and CPC pins
These pins are used to connect the capacitors to generate the pre-drive voltage and stabilize the pre-drive power
supply.
Be sure to connect these capacitors in order to generate the drive voltage for the high-side (upper) output DMOS
transistor.
*11. VREG pins
These are the control system power supply pin and regulator output pin, which create the power supply of the control
unit. Be sure to connect a capacitor between this pin and GND in order to stabilize control system operation.
Since these pins are used to supply current for control and generate the charge pump voltage, connect a capacitor with
a capacitance that is higher than that of the capacitor connected to the charge pump.
*12. CTL pins
Change by the Slew Rate of 0.5V/ms or more and use the voltage of the CTL pin.
The current might return to the power supply when using it below the above-mentioned Slew Rate and IC be
destroyed.
*13. Pin protection resistor
It is recommended that resistors higher than 1kΩ are connected serially to protect pins against misconnection such as
GND open and reverse connection.
No.A1441-9/10
LV8804FV
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PS No.A1441-10/10