ATA8403 UHF ASK/FSK Industrial Transmitter DATASHEET Features ● Integrated PLL loop filter ● ESD protection (3kV HBM/150V MM) ● High output power (5.5dBm) with low supply current (8.5mA) ● Modulation scheme ASK/FSK ● FSK modulation is achieved by connecting an additional capacitor between the XTAL load capacitor and the open drain output of the modulating microcontroller ● Easy to design-in due to excellent isolation of the PLL from the PA and power supply ● Single Li-cell for power supply ● Supply voltage 2.0V to 4.0V in the temperature range of –40°C to +85°C ● Package TSSOP8L ● Single-ended antenna output with high efficient power amplifier ● CLK output for clocking the microcontroller ● One-chip solution with minimum external circuitry Applications ● Industrial/aftermarket remote keyless entry systems ● Alarm, telemetering, and energy metering systems ● Remote control systems for consumer and industrial markets ● Access control systems ● Home automation ● Home entertainment ● Toys 4983F-INDCO-08/15 1. Description The ATA8403 is a PLL transmitter IC, which has been developed for the demands of RF low-cost transmission systems for industrial applications at data rates up to 50kBaud ASK and 32kBaud FSK modulation scheme. The transmitting frequency range is 868MHz to 928MHz. It can be used in both FSK and ASK systems. Figure 1-1. System Block Diagram UHF ASK/FSK Remote control transmitter UHF ASK/FSK Remote control receiver 1 Li cell Atmel ATA8403 ATA5760/ ATA5761 1 to 3 Demod Keys Encoder ATARx9x PLL Antenna XTO ATA8403 [DATASHEET] 4983F–INDCO–08/15 IF Amp Antenna VCO LNA 2 Control PLL LNA VCO XTO Microcontroller 2. Pin Configuration Figure 2-1. Pinning TSSOP8L CLK PA_ENABLE ANT2 ANT1 Table 2-1. Pin ATA8403 1 8 2 7 3 6 4 5 ENABLE GND VS XTAL Pin Description Symbol Function Configuration VS 1 CLK Clock output signal for microconroller The clock output frequency is set by the crystal to fXTAL/4 100Ω 100Ω PA_ENABLE 2 PA_ENABLE CLK UREF = 1.1V 50kΩ Switches on power amplifier, which is used for ASK modulation 20μA ANT1 3 ANT2 Emitter of antenna output stage 4 ANT1 Open collector antenna output ANT2 ATA8403 [DATASHEET] 4983F–INDCO–08/15 3 Table 2-1. Pin Pin Description (Continued) Symbol Function Configuration VS 1.5kΩ 5 XTAL VS 1.2kΩ Connection for crystal XTAL 182μA 6 VS 7 GND 8 ENABLE Supply voltage See ESD protection circuitry (see Figure 4-5 on page 8) Ground See ESD protection circuitry (see Figure 4-5 on page 8) ENABLE Enable input 200kΩ Figure 2-2. Block Diagram Atmel ATA8403 Power up/down f CLK ENABLE 4 1 8 f 32 PA_ENABLE GND 2 7 PDF CP ANT2 VS 3 6 LF ANT1 4 PA VCO PLL 4 ATA8403 [DATASHEET] 4983F–INDCO–08/15 XTO 5 XTAL 3. General Description This fully integrated PLL transmitter allows particularly simple, low-cost RF miniature transmitters to be assembled. The VCO is locked to 64 fXTAL, and therefore a 13.5672MHz crystal is needed for a 868.3MHz transmitter and a 14.2969MHz crystal for a 915MHz transmitter. All other PLL and VCO peripheral elements are integrated. The XTO is a series resonance oscillator so that only one capacitor together with a crystal connected in series to GND are needed as external elements. The crystal oscillator together with the PLL typically needs < 1ms until the PLL is locked and the CLK output is stable. There is a wait time of ≥ 4ms must be used until the CLK is used for the microcontroller and the PA is switched on. The power amplifier is an open-collector output delivering a current pulse, which is nearly independent from the load impedance. The delivered output power is therefore controllable via the connected load impedance. This output configuration enables a simple matching to any kind of antenna or to 50. A high power efficiency of = Pout/(IS,PA VS) of 24% for the power amplifier at 868.3MHz results when an optimized load impedance of ZLoad = (166 + j226) is used at 3V supply voltage. 4. Functional Description If ENABLE = L and the PA_ENABLE = L, the circuit is in standby mode, consuming only a very small amount of current, so that a lithium cell used as power supply can work for several years. With ENABLE = H the XTO, PLL, and the CLK driver are switched on. If PA_ENABLE remains L, only the PLL and the XTO are running and the CLK signal is delivered to the microcontroller. The VCO locks to 64 times the XTO frequency. With ENABLE = H and PA_ENABLE = H the PLL, XTO, CLK driver, and the power amplifier are on. The power amplifier can be switched on and off with PA_ENABLE. This is used to perform the ASK modulation. 4.1 ASK Transmission The ATA8403 is activated by ENABLE = H. PA_ENABLE must remain L for t ≥ 4ms, then the CLK signal can be taken to clock the microcontroller, and the output power can be modulated by means of the PA_ENABLE pin. After transmission, PA_ENABLE is switched to L, and the microcontroller switches back to internal clocking. The ATA8403 is switched back to standby mode with ENABLE = L. 4.2 FSK Transmission The ATA8403 is activated by ENABLE = H. PA_ENABLE must remain L for t ≥ 4ms, then the CLK signal can be taken to clock the microcontroller and the power amplifier is switched on with PA_ENABLE = H. The chip is then ready for FSK modulation. The microcontroller starts to switch on and off the capacitor between the XTAL load capacitor and GND with an open-drain output port, thus changing the reference frequency of the PLL. If the switch is closed, the output frequency is lower than if the switch is open. After transmission PA_ENABLE is switched to L and the microcontroller switches back to internal clocking. The ATA8403 is switched back to standby mode with ENABLE = L. The accuracy of the frequency deviation with XTAL pulling method is about ±25% when the following tolerances are considered. Figure 4-1. Tolerances of Frequency Modulation VS CStray1 CStray2 LM C4 XTAL CM RS C0 Crystal equivalent circuit C5 CSwitch Using C4 = 9.2pF ±2%, C5 = 6.8pF ±5%, a switch port with CSwitch = 3pF ±10%, stray capacitances on each side of the crystal of CStray1 = CStray2 = 1pF ±10%, a parallel capacitance of the crystal of C0 = 3.2pF ±10% and a crystal with CM = 13fF ±10%, typically results in an FSK deviation of ±21.5kHz with worst case tolerances of ±16.8kHz to ±28.0kHz. ATA8403 [DATASHEET] 4983F–INDCO–08/15 5 4.3 CLK Output An output CLK signal is provided for a connected microcontroller. The delivered signal is CMOS compatible if the load capacitance is lower than 10pF. 4.3.1 Clock Pulse Take-over The clock of the crystal oscillator can be used for clocking the microcontroller. A special feature of Atmel®’s ATARx9x is that it starts with an integrated RC-oscillator to switch on the ATA8403 with ENABLE = H, and after 4ms assumes the clock signal of the transmission IC, so that the message can be sent with crystal accuracy. 4.3.2 Output Matching and Power Setting The output power is set by the load impedance of the antenna. The maximum output power is achieved with a load impedance of ZLoad,opt = (166 + j226) at 868.3MHz. There must be a low resistive path to VS to deliver the DC current. The delivered current pulse of the power amplifier is 7.7mA. The maximum output power is delivered to a resistive load of 475 if the 0.53pF output capacitance of the power amplifier is compensated by the load impedance. An optimum load impedance of: ZLoad = 475 || j/(2 p f 0.53pF) = (166 + j226) thus results in the maximum output power of 5.5dBm. The load impedance is defined as the impedance seen from the ATA8403’s ANT1, ANT2 into the matching network. Do not confuse this large signal load impedance with a small signal input impedance delivered as input characteristic of RF amplifiers and measured from the application into the IC instead of from the IC into the application for a power amplifier. Less output power is achieved by lowering the real parallel part of 475 where the parallel imaginary part should be kept constant. Output power measurement can be done with the circuit shown in Figure 4-2. Note that the component values must be changed to compensate for the individual board parasitics until the ATA8403 has the right load impedance ZLoad,opt = (166 + j226) at 868.3MHz. Also the damping of the cable used to measure the output power must be calibrated out. Figure 4-2. Output Power Measurement VS C1 1nF L1 10nH C2 ANT1 ZLopt 1.5pF C3 ANT2 4.4 Z = 50Ω 2.7pF Power meter Rin 50Ω Application Circuit A value of 68nF/X7R is recommended for the supply-voltage blocking capacitor C3 (see Figure 4-3 on page 7 and Figure 44 on page 8). C1 and C2 are used to match the loop antenna to the power amplifier where C1 typically is 3.9pF/NP0 and C2 is 1pF/NP0. For C2, two capacitors in series should be used to achieve a better tolerance value and to have the possibility of realizing the ZLoad,opt using standard valued capacitors. C1, together with the pins of ATA8403 and the PCB board wires, forms a series resonance loop that suppresses the 1st harmonic. Therefore, the position of C1 on the PCB is important. Normally the best suppression is achieved when C1 is placed as close as possible to the pins ANT1 and ANT2. The loop antenna should not exceed a width of 1.5mm, otherwise the Q-factor of the loop antenna is too high. L1 ( 50nH to 100nH) can be printed on PCB. C4 should be selected so that the XTO runs on the load resonance frequency of the crystal. Normally, a 15pF load-capacitance crystal results in a value of 12pF. 6 ATA8403 [DATASHEET] 4983F–INDCO–08/15 Figure 4-3. ASK Application Circuit S1 VDD ATARx9x BPXY VS 1 S2 VSS BPXY 20 BPXY BPXY OSC1 7 Atmel ATA8403 Power up/down CLK ENABLE f 4 1 8 f 64 GND PA_ENABLE 2 7 PDF C3 C2 CP VS ANT2 3 6 VS Loop Antenna LF C1 ANT1 XTAL 4 PA VCO PLL L1 XTO XTAL 5 C4 VS ATA8403 [DATASHEET] 4983F–INDCO–08/15 7 Figure 4-4. FSK Application Circuit S1 VDD ATARx9x BPXY VS 1 S2 VSS BPXY 20 BP42/T2O BPXY 18 BPXY OSC1 7 Atmel ATA8403 Power up/down CLK ENABLE f 4 1 8 f 64 PA_ENABLE GND 2 7 PDF C3 CP C2 ANT2 VS 3 Loop Antenna 6 VS LF C1 C5 ANT1 XTAL 4 PA VCO XTO XTAL 5 PLL L1 C4 VS Figure 4-5. ESD Protection Circuit VS ANT1 CLK GND 8 ATA8403 [DATASHEET] 4983F–INDCO–08/15 PA_ENABLE ANT2 XTAL ENABLE 5. Absolute Maximum Ratings Stresses beyond those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. This is a stress rating only and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of this specification is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. Parameters Symbol Minimum Maximum Unit Supply voltage VS 5 V Power dissipation Ptot 100 mW Junction temperature Tj 150 °C Storage temperature Tstg –55 +85 °C Ambient temperature Tamb –55 +85 Input voltage VmaxPA_ENABLE –0.3 Note: 1. If VS + 0.3 is higher than 3.7V, the maximum voltage will be reduced to 3.7V. 6. (VS + 0.3) V Thermal Resistance Parameters Junction ambient 7. °C (1) Symbol Value Unit RthJA 170 K/W Electrical Characteristics VS = 2.0V to 4.0V, Tamb = 25°C unless otherwise specified. Typical values are given at VS = 3.0V and Tamb = 25°C. All parameters are referred to GND (pin 7). Parameters Test Conditions Supply current Power down, VENABLE < 0.25V, –40°C to 85°C VPA_ENABLE < 0.25V, 25°C (100% correlation tested) Supply current Output power Min. Typ. Max. Unit 350 nA nA IS_Off < 10 Power up, PA off, VS = 3V, VENABLE > 1.7V, VPA_ENABLE < 0.25V IS 3.6 4.6 mA Power up, VS = 3.0, VENABLE > 1.7V, VPA_ENABLE > 1.7V IS_Transmit 8.5 11 mA 5.5 8 dBm PRef PRef –1.5 –4.0 dB dB PRef PRef –2.0 –4.5 dB dB +5.5 dBm VS = 3.0V, Tamb = 25°C, f = 868.3MHz, ZLoad = (166 + j226) T = 25°C, Output power variation for the full amb VS = 3.0V temperature range VS = 2.0V Tamb = 25°C, Output power variation for the full VS = 3.0V temperature range VS = 2.0V, POut = PRef + PRef Achievable output-power range Symbol Selectable by load impedance PRef POut_typ fCLK = f0/128 Load capacitance at pin CLK = 10pF Spurious emission fO ±1 fCLK fO ±4 fCLK Other spurious are lower Note: 1. If VS is higher than 3.6V, the maximum voltage will be reduced to 3.6V. 3.5 –3 –52 –52 ATA8403 [DATASHEET] 4983F–INDCO–08/15 dBc dBc 9 7. Electrical Characteristics (Continued) VS = 2.0V to 4.0V, Tamb = 25°C unless otherwise specified. Typical values are given at VS = 3.0V and Tamb = 25°C. All parameters are referred to GND (pin 7). Parameters Test Conditions Oscillator frequency XTO (= phase comparator frequency) fXTO = f0/64 fXTAL = resonant frequency of the XTAL, CM ≤ 10fF, load capacitance selected accordingly Tamb = 25°C Symbol Min. fXTO PLL loop bandwidth Typ. Max. Unit fXTAL ppm 250 kHz Phase noise of phase comparator Referred to fPC = fXT0, 25kHz distance to carrier –116 –110 dBc/Hz In-loop phase noise PLL 25kHz distance to carrier –80 –74 dBc/Hz Phase noise VCO At 1MHz At 36MHz –89 –120 –86 –117 dBc/Hz dBc/Hz 928 MHz Frequency range of VCO fVCO 868 Clock output frequency (CMOS microcontroller compatible) Voltage swing at pin CLK f0/256 CLoad ≤ 10pF Series resonance R of the crystal V0h V0l VS 0.8 Rs Capacitive load at pin XT0 MHz VS 0.2 V V 110 7 pF FSK modulation frequency rate Duty cycle of the modulation signal = 50% 0 32 kHz ASK modulation frequency rate Duty cycle of the modulation signal = 50% 0 50 kHz Low level input voltage High level input voltage Input current high 0.25 ENABLE input 20 V V µA 0.25 VS(1) 5 V V µA VIl VIh IIn Low level input voltage VIl PA_ENABLE input VIh High level input voltage IIn Input current high Note: 1. If VS is higher than 3.6V, the maximum voltage will be reduced to 3.6V. 10 ATA8403 [DATASHEET] 4983F–INDCO–08/15 1.7 1.7 Ordering Information Extended Type Number Package MOQ ATA8403C-6AQY-66 TSSOP8L 5000 pcs Taped and reeled, Pb-free Package Information 3±0.1 0.1±0.05 3±0.1 +0.06 0.31-0.07 0.65 nom. +0.0 0.85±0.05 +0.05 Dimensions in mm 1-0.15 9. Remarks 0.15-0.025 8. 3.8±0.3 4.9±0.1 3 x 0.65 = 1.95 nom. 8 5 technical drawings according to DIN specifications 1 4 03/15/04 TITLE Package Drawing Contact: [email protected] Package: TSSOP 8L GPC DRAWING NO. REV. 6.543-5083.01-4 2 ATA8403 [DATASHEET] 4983F–INDCO–08/15 11 10. Revision History Please note that the following page numbers referred to in this section refer to the specific revision mentioned, not to this document. Revision No. History 4983F-INDCO-08/15 Section 8 “Ordering Information” on page 11 updated 4983E-INDCO-07/14 Put document in the latest template 4983D-INDCO-08/12 Features on page 1 changed 4983C-INDCO-03/12 4983B-INDCO-10/08 12 ATA8403 [DATASHEET] 4983F–INDCO–08/15 Features on page 1 changed Section 8 “Ordering Information” on page 11 changed Put document in the latest template Section 7 “Electrical Characteristics” on page 10 changed XXXXXX Atmel Corporation 1600 Technology Drive, San Jose, CA 95110 USA T: (+1)(408) 441.0311 F: (+1)(408) 436.4200 | www.atmel.com © 2015 Atmel Corporation. / Rev.: 4983F–INDCO–08/15 Atmel®, Atmel logo and combinations thereof, Enabling Unlimited Possibilities®, and others are registered trademarks or trademarks of Atmel Corporation in U.S. and other countries. Other terms and product names may be trademarks of others. DISCLAIMER: The information in this document is provided in connection with Atmel products. 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