AVR068: STK500 Communication Protocol
Features
• Interfaces both STK500 and AVRISP
• Supports STK500 FW 2.XX
1 Introduction
8-bit
Microcontrollers
Application Note
This document describes the 2.0 version of the communication protocol between
the Atmel STK500 and the PC controlling the STK500. The firmware is distributed
with AVR Studio 4.11 build 401 or later.
The definition of all commands, responses, parameters and other defined values
can be found in the file “command.h”. This file can be downloaded from the Atmel
web site.
Most device specific values can be found in the xml files for each part. The xml files
are distributed with AvrStudio 4.11 or later. Download the latest AVR Studio 4.x
from the Atmel web site, http://www.atmel.com/products/AVR/. The xml file format
is described in section 6. For values not present in the XML file, please refer to the
device datasheet.
This document mainly refers to STK500, but mostly everything also applies to the
AVRISP. In the few cases where the behavior is different between STK500 and
AVRISP, it will be noted.
Rev. 2591C-AVR-06/06
2 Communication interface
The communication between the STK500 and the PC is done over RS232 (PC COM
port). The STK500 uses: 115.2kbps, 8 data bits, 1stop bits, no parity. The PC should
be set up similarly for the communication to work.
3 Message Format
All commands and responses share a common message format:
Figure 3-1. Message format.
MESSAGE_START
SEQUENCE_NUMBER
MESSAGE_SIZE
TOKEN
MESSAGE_BODY
CHECKSUM
Table 3-1. Common message format fields
Parameter Name
Size/Format
Description
MESSAGE_START
1 byte
Always 0x1B
SEQUENCE_NUMBER
1 byte
Incremented by one for each
message sent. Wraps to zero after
0xFF is reached.
MESSAGE_SIZE
2 bytes, MSB first
Size of the message body(1)
TOKEN
1 byte
Always 0x0E
MESSAGE_BODY
MESSAGE_SIZE bytes
Message body, from 0 to 65535 bytes
(1)
CHECKSUM
Note:
1 byte
Uses all characters in message
including MESSAGE_START and
MESSAGE_BODY. XOR of all bytes.
1. The current STK500 firmware can only handle messages with a message body
of maximum of 275 bytes.
The host (PC) sends commands, the STK500 responds with answers.
One command will result in one answer. STK500 cannot send a message to the host
that is not an answer to a received command.
The sequence number for an answer is always the same as for the corresponding
command.
4 Protocol Layer State Table
This section describes the state machine in the PC software that handles incoming
packets from the STK500. When an incoming packet is expected, the state machine
is initialized to the Start state.
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The table describes all states, events and conditions for the handling of incoming
data.
Table 4-1. Protocol Layer State Table
Current State
Event
Condition
Start
Read character from
inbuf
Char == ASCII 27
Read character from
inbuf
Char != ASCII 27
Total timeout
Get Sequence Number
Get Message Size 2
Get Token
Read character from
inbuf
Received sequence
number == Sent
sequence number
Read character from
inbuf
Received sequence
number != Sent
sequence number
Update statistics
Start
Get Message Size
Update statistics
Read character from
inbuf
Start
Get Message Size 2
Total timeout
Exit with error
Read character from
inbuf
Calculate message size
Total timeout
Exit with error
Read character from
inbuf
Char == ASCII 14
Read character from
inbuf
Char != ASCII 14
Get Token
Get Data
Update statistics
Start
Exit with error
Read character from
inbuf
Nmb char read ==
MESSAGE_SIZE
Get Checksum
Read character from
inbuf
Nmb char read <
MESSAGE_SIZE
Get Data
Total timeout
Get Checksum
Get Sequence Number
Exit with error
Total timeout
Get Data
Next State
Exit with error
Total timeout
Get Message Size 1
Action
Exit with error
Read character from
inbuf
Checksum OK
Exit successfully and
handle packet
Read character from
inbuf
Checksum NOT OK
Update statistics
Total timeout
Start
Exit with error
The state machine on the STK500 side, which receives incoming packets from the
PC, is similar apart from that there is no total timeout in the reception.
The total timeout period is from a command is sent to the answer must be completely
received. The total timeout period is 200 ms for the CMD_SIGN_ON command, 5
seconds for the CMD_READ/PROGRAM_FLASH/EEPROM commands, and 1
second for all other commands.
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5 Commands
STK500 commands are sent in the MESSAGE_BODY part of a message (see
chapter 2). This section describes all commands that can be entered to the STK500,
and all the possible responses that each command can give back to the host.
In general, all programming modes use the same protocol commands, but various
parameters are sent with the different programming modes in order to avoid
unnecessary overhead in the protocol layer.
For all commands, the STK500 will return an answer with an answer ID that is equal
to the command ID. The first byte in a command is always the command ID, the first
byte in an answer is always the answer ID.
5.1 General Commands
These commands are not related to a specific programming mode.
5.1.1 CMD_SIGN_ON
This command returns a unique signature string for the STK500/AVRISP with this
implementation of the protocol. The signature is “STK500_2” or “AVRISP_2”.
Table 5-1. Command format
Field
Size
Values
Description
Command ID
1 byte
CMD_SIGN_ON
Command id
Table 5-2. Answer format if target is an STK500
Field
Size
Values
Description
Answer ID
1 byte
CMD_SIGN_ON
Answer id
Status
1 byte
STATUS_CMD_OK
Signature length
1 byte
8
Length of signature string
8 bytes
“STK500_2”
The signature string (not
null-terminated)
Table 5-3. Answer format if target is an AVRISP
4
Field
Size
Values
Description
Answer ID
1 byte
CMD_SIGN_ON
Answer id
Status
1 byte
STATUS_CMD_OK
Signature length
1 byte
8
Length of signature string
8 bytes
“AVRISP_2”
The signature string (not
null-terminated)
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5.1.2 CMD_SET_PARAMETER
The host can set a multitude of parameters in the STK500. See 5.7 Parameters for a
description of each parameter. All parameters are one-byte values.
Table 5-4. Command format
Field
Size
Values
Description
Command ID
1 byte
CMD_SET_PARAMETER
Command id
Parameter ID
1 byte
Which parameter to set
Value
1 byte
The parameter’s new value
Table 5-5. Answer format
Field
Size
Values
Description
Answer ID
1 byte
CMD_SET_PARAMETER
Answer id
Status
1 byte
STATUS_CMD_OK or
STATUS_CMD_FAILED
A status value indicating the
result of the operation
5.1.3 CMD_GET_PARAMETER
The host can also read different parameters from the STK500.
Table 5-6. Command format
Field
Size
Values
Description
Command ID
1 byte
CMD_GET_PARAMETER
Command id
Parameter ID
1 byte
Which parameter to get
Table 5-7. Answer format if command succeeded
Field
Size
Values
Description
Answer ID
1 byte
CMD_GET_PARAMETER
Answer id
Status
1 byte
STATUS_CMD_OK
A status value indicating
success
Parameter value
1 byte
The parameter value
Table 5-8. Answer format if command fails
Field
Size
Values
Description
Answer ID
1 byte
CMD_GET_PARAMETER
Answer id
Status
1 byte
STATUS_CMD_ FAILED
A status value indicating that
the operation failed.
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5.1.4 CMD_OSCCAL
This command performs a calibration sequence as described in application note
AVR053.
Table 5-9. Command format
Field
Size
Values
Description
Command ID
1 byte
CMD_OSCCAL
Command id
Table 5-10. Answer format
Field
Size
Values
Description
Answer ID
1 byte
CMD_OSCCAL
Answer id
Status
1 byte
STATUS_CMD_OK or
STATUS_CMD_FAILED
A status value indicating
success or failure.
5.1.5 CMD_LOAD_ADDRESS
This command will load an address into the STK500. The next Program Flash, Read
Flash, Program EEPROM or Read EEPROM command will operate from the address
set with this command. The command is used in all programming modes. All the
abovementioned commands will increment an internal address counter, so this
command needs only to be sent once.
Table 5-11. Command format
Field
Size
Values
Description
Command ID
1 byte
CMD_LOAD_ADDRESS
Command id
Address
4 bytes
The address, four bytes,
MSB first
For word-addressed memories (program flash), the Address parameter is the word
address.
If bit 31 is set, this indicates that the following read/write operation will be performed
on a memory that is larger than 64KBytes. This is an indication to STK500 that a load
extended address must be executed. See datasheet for devices with memories larger
than 64KBytes.
Table 5-12. Answer format if command succeeded
6
Field
Size
Values
Description
Answer ID
1 byte
CMD_LOAD_ADDRESS
Answer id
Status
1 byte
STATUS_CMD_OK
A status value indicating
success
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5.1.6 CMD_FIRMWARE_UPGRADE
When the host is trying to connect to the programmer, it checks the firmware version.
A firmware upgrade is initiated if a newer version is available on the PC.
The STK500 can “reboot” into upgrade mode by using this command. (If the
PROGRAM button on STK500 is pressed while turning on power, upgrade mode is
also entered.)
Table 5-13. Command format
Field
Size
Values
Description
Command ID
1 byte
CMD_FIRMWARE_UPGRADE
Command id
Parameter ID
10 bytes
”fwupgrade”
String to enable upgrade
mode
Table 5-14. Answer format
Field
Size
Values
Description
Answer ID
1 byte
CMD_FIRMWARE_UPGRADE
Answer id
Status
1 byte
STATUS_CMD_OK or
STATUS_CMD_FAILED
A status value indicating
the result of the operation
If the status returned is STATUS_CMD_OK, the STK500 will disconnect and enter
upgrade mode.
5.2 ISP Programming Commands
These commands handles FLASH, EEPROM, fuse bytes, lock bits, signature and
oscillator calibration programming in ISP mode.
5.2.1 CMD_ENTER_PROGMODE_ISP
This command will make the target device enter programming mode.
XML path: /AVRPART/ICE_SETTINGS/STK500_2/IspEnterProgMode/
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Table 5-15. Command format
Field
Size
Values
Description
Command ID
1 byte
CMD_ENTER_
PROGMODE_ISP
Command id
timeout
1 byte
XML: timeout
Command time-out (in ms)
stabDelay
1 byte
XML: stabDelay
Delay (in ms) used for pin stabilization
cmdexeDelay
1 byte
XML: cmdexeDelay
Delay (in ms) in connection with the
EnterProgMode command execution
synchLoops
1 byte
XML: synchLoops
Number of synchronization loops
byteDelay
1 byte
XML: byteDelay
Delay (in ms) between each byte in the
EnterProgMode command.
pollValue
1 byte
XML: pollValue
Poll value:
0x53 for AVR, 0x69 for AT89xx
pollIndex
1 byte
XML: pollIndex
Start address, received byte:
0 = no polling, 3 = AVR, 4 = AT89xx
cmd1
1 byte
Command Byte # 1 to be transmitted
cmd2
1 byte
Command Byte # 2 to be transmitted
cmd3
1 byte
Command Byte # 3 to be transmitted
cmd4
1 byte
Command Byte # 4 to be transmitted
Note:
The pollValue parameter indicates after which of the transmitted bytes on the SPI
interface to store the return byte, as the SPI interface is implemented as a ring
buffer (one byte out, one byte in).
Table 5-16. Answer format
8
Field
Size
Values
Description
Answer ID
1 byte
CMD_ENTER_
PROGMODE_ISP
Answer id
Status
1 byte
STATUS_CMD_TOUT,
STATUS_CMD_OK or
STATUS_CMD_FAILED
A status value indicating the result of
the operation
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5.2.2 CMD_LEAVE_PROGMODE_ISP
This command will make STK500 leave programming mode. The device will be put
into normal operating mode.
XML path: /AVRPART/ICE_SETTINGS/STK500_2/IspLeaveProgMode/
Table 5-17. Command format
Field
Size
Values
Description
Command ID
1 byte
CMD_LEAVE_PROGMODE_ISP
Command id
preDelay
1 byte
XML: preDelay
Pre-delay (in ms)
postDelay
1 byte
XML: postDelay
Post-delay (in ms)
Table 5-18. Answer format
Field
Size
Values
Description
Answer ID
1 byte
CMD_LEAVE_PROGMODE_ISP
Answer id
Status
1 byte
STATUS_CMD_OK
This command will always
return STATUS_CMD_OK
5.2.3 CMD_CHIP_ERASE_ISP
This command will perform a chip erase on the target device.
XML path: /AVRPART/ICE_SETTINGS/STK500_2/IspChipErase/
Table 5-19. Command format
Field
Size
Values
Description
Command ID
1 byte
CMD_CHIP_ERASE_ISP
Command id
eraseDelay
1 byte
XML: eraseDelay
Delay (in ms) to ensure that
the erase of the device is
finished
pollMethod
1 byte
XML: pollMethod
Poll method, 0 = use delay
1= use RDY/BSY command
cmd1
1 byte
Command Byte # 1 to be
transmitted
cmd2
1 byte
Command Byte # 2 to be
transmitted
cmd3
1 byte
Command Byte # 3 to be
transmitted
cmd4
1 byte
Command Byte # 4 to be
transmitted
Table 5-20. Answer format
Field
Size
Values
Description
Answer ID
1 byte
CMD_CHIP_ERASE_ISP
Answer id
Status
1 byte
STATUS_CMD_OK or
STATUS_CMD_TOUT
A status value indicating the
result of the operation
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5.2.4 CMD_PROGRAM_FLASH_ISP
This command will program data into the FLASH memory of the target device if it
succeeds.
XML path: /AVRPART/ICE_SETTINGS/STK500_2/IspProgramFlash/
Table 5-21. Command format
Field
Size
Values
Description
Command ID
1 byte
CMD_PROGRAM_FLASH_ISP
Command id
NumBytes
2 byte
mode
1 byte
XML: mode
Mode byte (explained below)
delay
1 byte
XML: delay
Delay, used for different types
of programming termination,
according to mode byte
cmd1
1 byte
Command 1 (Load Page, Write
Program Memory)
cmd2
1 byte
Command 2 (Write Program
Memory Page)
cmd3
1 byte
Command 3 (Read Program
Memory)
poll1
1 byte
XML: pollVal1
Poll Value #1
poll2
1 byte
XML: pollVal2
Poll Value #2 (not used for
flash programming)
Data
N bytes
Total number of bytes to
program, MSB first
N data
Table 5-22. Answer format
10
Field
Size
Values
Description
Answer ID
1 byte
CMD_PROGRAM_FLASH_ISP
Answer id
Status
1 byte
STATUS_CMD_OK,
STATUS_CMD_TOUT,
STATUS_RDY_BSY_TOUT
A status value indicating the
result of the operation
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5.2.4.1 Mode byte description
The mode parameter is essential for how this command works. The bits in the mode
byte have the following meanings:
Table 5-23. The bits in the mode byte
Bit #
Description
0
Word/Page Mode (0 = word, 1 = page)
1
Timed delay
2
Value polling
3
RDY/BSY polling
4
Timed delay
5
Value polling
6
RDY/BSY polling
7
Write page
Mode
Word Mode
Page Mode
The Word/Page Mode bit selects if the device supports page programming or not.
The command bytes are different for word and page mode. In word mode, the ISP
commands Write Program Memory and Read Program Memory are used. In page
mode, Load Page, Write Program Memory Page and Read Program Memory are
used. The read instruction is used if Value Polling is specified in the mode bit. The
Low/High byte selection bit (3rd bit in the Load Page, Write Program Memory
commands) is handled by STK500, so leave this bit cleared.
According to the mode, different termination methods are selected – Timed delay,
Value polling or RDY/BSY polling.
For paged operation, the Write page bit decides if a Write Program Memory Page
command should be issued after the data has been loaded into the page buffer. For
devices with page size bigger than what can be transferred to STK500 in one
command, several CMD_PROGRAM_FLASH_ISP commands must be issued. In
such a case, only the last command should have the Write Page mode bit set.
Note:
Only bit 0-6 are set in the XML file, because bit 7 is not constant and must be
controlled by the PC software.
When value polling is used to determine when a programming operation is complete,
poll1 must be supplied. This value indicates which value will be read from the device
until the programmed value is read. This indicates end of programming. poll2 is used
only for EEPROM programming.
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5.2.5 CMD_READ_FLASH_ISP
This command will read data from the FLASH memory of the target device if it
succeeds.
XML path: /AVRPART/ICE_SETTINGS/STK500_2/IspReadFlash/
Table 5-24. Command format
Field
Size
Values
Description
Command ID
1 byte
CMD_READ_FLASH_ISP
Command id
NumBytes
2 byte
XML: blockSize
Total number of bytes to read, MSB
first
cmd1
1 byte
Read Program Memory command
byte #1. Low/High byte selection bit
(3rd bit) is handled in the FIRMWARE.
Table 5-25. Answer format if the command is executed
Field
Size
Values
Description
Answer ID
1 byte
CMD_READ_FLASH_ISP
Answer id
Status1
1 byte
STATUS_CMD_OK
Indicates success. Will always
read OK
Data
N bytes
Status2
1 byte
The data read from the device
STATUS_CMD_OK
A status value indicating the
result of the operation. Will
always read OK
Table 5-26. Answer format if the command was not executed
Field
Size
Values
Description
Answer ID
1 byte
CMD_READ_FLASH_ISP
Answer id
Status
1 byte
STATUS_CMD_FAILED
Indicates failure
5.2.6 CMD_PROGRAM_EEPROM_ISP
See the CMD_PROGRAM_FLASH_ISP command.
5.2.7 CMD_READ_EEPROM_ISP
See the CMD_READ_FLASH_ISP command.
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5.2.8 CMD_PROGRAM_FUSE_ISP
This command programs the fuses of the target device.
Table 5-27. Command format
Field
Size
Values
Description
Command ID
1 byte
CMD_PROGRAM_FUSE_ISP
Command id
cmd1
1 byte
Command Byte #1
cmd2
1 byte
Command Byte #2
cmd3
1 byte
Command Byte #3
cmd4
1 byte
Command Byte #4
Note:
cmd1, cmd2, cmd3 and cmd4 are the four bytes of the low-level program fuse ISP
command
Table 5-28. Answer format
Field
Size
Values
Description
Answer ID
1 byte
CMD_PROGRAM_FUSE_ISP
Answer id
Status1
1 byte
STATUS_CMD_OK
Will always read OK
Status2
1 byte
STATUS_CMD_OK
Will always read OK
5.2.9 CMD_READ_FUSE_ISP
This command reads the fuses of the target device.
Table 5-29. Command format
Field
Size
Values
Description
Command ID
1 byte
CMD_READ_FUSE_ISP
Command id
RetAddr
1 byte
XML: pollIndex
Return address
cmd1
1 byte
Command Byte #1
cmd2
1 byte
Command Byte #2
cmd3
1 byte
Command Byte #3
cmd4
1 byte
Command Byte #4
Note:
RetAddr indicates after which of the transmitted bytes on the SPI interface to store
the return byte, as the SPI interface is implemented as a ring buffer (one byte out,
one byte in)
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Table 5-30. Answer format
Field
Size
Values
Description
Answer ID
1 byte
CMD_READ_FUSE_ISP
Answer id
Status1
1 byte
STATUS_CMD_OK
A status value indicating the result
of the operation, always OK
data
1 byte
Status2
1 byte
The fuse byte read from the device
STATUS_CMD_OK
A status value indicating the result
of the operation, always OK
5.2.10 CMD_PROGRAM_LOCK_ISP
See CMD_PROGRAM_FUSE. This command is basically the same as the program
fuse command, only that ISP commands for programming the lock byte must be
supplied.
5.2.11 CMD_READ_LOCK_ISP
See CMD_READ_FUSE. This command is basically the same as the read fuse
command, only that ISP commands for reading the lock byte must be supplied.
5.2.12 CMD_READ_SIGNATURE_ISP
See CMD_READ_FUSE. This command is basically the same as the read fuse
command, only that ISP commands for reading one of the signature bytes must be
supplied.
5.2.13 CMD_READ_OSCCAL_ISP
See CMD_READ_FUSE. This command is basically the same as the read fuse
command, only that ISP commands for reading the OSCCAL byte must be supplied.
5.2.14 CMD_SPI_MULTI
This is a generic command that can be used to execute any of the ISP commands.
The command writes a number of bytes to the SPI bus, and returns a number of
bytes.
Table 5-31. Command format
Field
Size
Values
Description
Command ID
1 byte
CMD_SPI_MULTI
Command id
NumTx
1 byte
0-255
Number of bytes to transmit
NumRx
1 byte
0-255
Number of bytes to receive
RxStartAddr
1 byte
Start address of returned data.
Specifies on what transmitted byte
the response is to be stored and
returned.
TxData
0-255
bytes
The data be transmitted. The size
is specified by NumTx
If the number of bytes to receive is greater than number of bytes to transmit, then the
firmware will pad with the necessary 0x00 bytes. This is in order to save timeconsuming transfer from PC to the programmer.
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Table 5-32. Answer format
Field
Size
Values
Description
Answer ID
1 byte
CMD_SPI_MULTI
Answer id
Status1
1 byte
STATUS_CMD_OK
Will always read OK
data
0-255
bytes
Status2
1 byte
The data read from the ISP bus as
indicated in the command
STATUS_CMD_OK
Will always read OK
5.3 Parallel Programming Mode Commands
5.3.1 CMD_ENTER_PROGMODE_PP
This command will make the target device enter programming mode if it succeeds.
XML PATH: /AVRPART/ICE_SETTINGS/STK500_2/PpEnterProgMode/
Table 5-33. Command format
Field
Size
Values
Description
Command ID
1 byte
CMD_ENTER_
PROGMODE_PP
Command id
stabDelay
1 byte
XML: stabDelay
Delay (in ms) used for pin stabilization
progModeDelay
1 byte
XML: progModeDelay
Delay (in ms) in connection with the
EnterProgMode command execution
latchCycles
1 byte
XML: latchCycles
Number of xtal cycles used to latch
OSCCAL
toggleVtg
1 byte
XML: toggleVtg
Toggle Vtg when entering prog.mode
(0=no, 1=yes). For parts with
RSTDSBL functionality
powerOffDelay
1 byte
XML: powerOffDelay
Power-off delay. Additional delay (in
ms) after Vtg is turned off in order to
make sure the Vtg is low enough
resetDelayMs
1 byte
XML: resetDelayMs
RSTDELAY #1 (in ms) Additional delay
between Vtg is turned on and reset
goes high.
resetDelayUs
1 byte
XML: resetDelayUs
RSTDELAY #2(in us x 10) Additional
delay between Vtg is turned on and
reset goes high. Total delay is
RSTDELAY #1 (ms) + RSTDELAY #2
(us x 10)
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Table 5-34. Answer format (same for all results)
Field
Size
Values
Description
Answer ID
1 byte
CMD_ENTER_
PROGMODE_PP
Answer id
Status
1 byte
See table below
A Result Value indicating the result of
the operation
Table 5-35. Valid Result Values for the answer to this command
Values
Description
STATUS_CMD_OK
Operation succeeded
STATUS_CMD_ FAILED
Operation failed
5.3.2 CMD_LEAVE_PROGMODE_PP
This command will make the target device leave programming mode if it succeeds.
XML PATH: /AVRPART/ICE_SETTINGS/STK500_2/PpLeaveProgMode/
Table 5-36. Command format
Field
Size
Values
Description
Command ID
1 byte
CMD_LEAVE_
PROGMODE_PP
Command id
stabDelay
1 byte
XML: stabDelay
Delay (in ms) used for pin stabilization
resetDelay
1 byte
XML: resetDelay
Delay (ms) for holding RESET low
Table 5-37. Answer format
Field
Size
Values
Description
Answer ID
1 byte
CMD_LEAVE_
PROGMODE_PP
Answer id
Status
1 byte
STATUS_CMD_OK
A Result Value indicating the result of
the operation
5.3.3 CMD_CHIP_ERASE_PP
This command will perform a chip erase on the target device if it succeeds.
XML PATH: /AVRPART/ICE_SETTINGS/STK500_2/PpChipErase/
Table 5-38. Command format
16
Field
Size
Values
Description
Command ID
1 byte
CMD_CHIP_
ERASE_PP
Command id
pulseWidth
1 byte
XML: pulseWidth
Width (in ms) of the /WR pulse. 0 => 1
cycle
pollTimeout
1 byte
XML: pollTimeout
Timeout period (in ms) to wait for
RDY/BSY flag to rise. If 0, RDY/BSY
flag is NOT used.
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Table 5-39. Answer format (same for all results)
Field
Size
Values
Description
Answer ID
1 byte
CMD_CHIP_
ERASE_PP
Answer id
Status
1 byte
See table below
A Result Value indicating the result of
the operation
Table 5-40. Valid Result Values for the answer to this command
Values
Description
STATUS_CMD_OK
Operation succeeded
STATUS_RDY_BSY_
TOUT
No response from target device within specified timeframe
5.3.4 CMD_PROGRAM_FLASH_PP
This command will program data into the FLASH memory of the target device if it
succeeds. For devices with the FLASH organized in pages, the data address and size
used with this command must confirm to that of the device. I.e. one ProgramFlash
command is used to program one page in the target device.
XML PATH: /AVRPART/ICE_SETTINGS/STK500_2/PpProgramFlash/
Table 5-41. Command format
Field
Size
Values
Description
Command ID
1 byte
CMD_PROGRAM_
FLASH_PP
Command id
Nmb bytes
(MSB)
1 byte
Total number of bytes to program
(MSB)
Nmb bytes
(LSB)
1 byte
Total number of bytes to program
(LSB)
mode
1 byte
XML: mode
Mode byte (explained below)
pollTimeout (in ms)
pollTimeout
1 byte
XML: pollTimeout
Data
1 byte
Data 1
Data
1 byte
...
Data
1 byte
Data N
Table 5-42. Answer format (same for all results)
Field
Size
Values
Description
Answer ID
1 byte
CMD_PROGRAM_
FLASH_PP
Answer id
Status
1 byte
See table below
A Result Value indicating the result of
the operation
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Table 5-43. Valid Result Values for the answer to this command
Values
Description
STATUS_CMD_OK
Operation succeeded
STATUS_RDY_BSY_
TOUT
No response from target device within specified timeframe
5.3.4.1 Mode byte description
• Bit 0: This bit indicates whether to use byte ‘0’ or page ‘1’ programming.
• Bit 1-3 are the pagesize bits, pagesize are given in bytes not words, see table
below:
Table 5-44. Pagesize bit configuration
Pagesize
Bit 3, 2, 1
256
000
2
001
4
010
8
011
16
100
32
101
64
110
128
111
• Bit 4-5 are not in use.
• Bit 6 must be set to ‘1’ when it is the very last page to be programmed, otherwise
‘0’
• Bit 7 indicates if a page write should be issued (Transfer data to flash). Normally it
should always be set ‘1’. However, if the page size of the target device is too large
to be covered by one Program Flash command (because the amount of available
SRAM in STK500 is limited) this can be used to let 2 or more commands fill the
page buffer of the target device. The transfer data to flash flag should then only be
set on the last command.
Note:
Only Bit 0-3 are set in the XML file, cause Bit 6-7 are not static and must be
controlled by the PC Frontend.
5.3.5 CMD_READ_FLASH_PP
This command will read data from the FLASH memory of the target device if it
succeeds. For devices with the FLASH organized in pages, the data address and size
used with this command must confirm to that of the device. I.e. one ReadFlash
command is used to read one page in the target device.
XML PATH: /AVRPART/ICE_SETTINGS/STK500_2/PpReadFlash/
Table 5-45. Command format
18
Field
Size
Values
Description
Command ID
1 byte
CMD_READ_FLASH_PP
Command id
Nmb bytes
(MSB)
1 byte
Total number of bytes to program
(MSB)
Nmb bytes
(LSB)
1 byte
Total number of bytes to program
(LSB)
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Table 5-46. Answer format if the command is executed
Field
Size
Values
Description
Answer id
Answer ID
1 byte
CMD_READ_FLASH_PP
Status
1 byte
STATUS_CMD_OK
Data
Nmb
bytes
Status
1 byte
Data read from device. Will be
padded with 0’s if errors occurred
during read-out.
STATUS_CMD_OK
A Result Value indicating the result
of the operation
5.3.6 CMD_PROGRAM_EEPROM_PP
This command programs one page the EEPROM memory of the target device if it
succeeds.
XML PATH: /AVRPART/ICE_SETTINGS/STK500_2/PpReadEeprom/
Command format: See CMD_PROGRAM_FLASH_PP.
5.3.7 CMD_READ_EEPROM_PP
This command will read data from the EEPROM memory of the target device if it
succeeds.
XML PATH: /AVRPART/ICE_SETTINGS/STK500_2/PpReadEeprom/
Command format: See CMD_READ_FLASH_PP
5.3.8 CMD_PROGRAM_FUSE_PP
XML PATH: /AVRPART/ICE_SETTINGS/STK500_2/PpProgramFuse/
Table 5-47. Command format
Field
Size
Values
Description
Command ID
1 byte
CMD_PROGRAM_
FUSE_PP
Command id
Address
1 byte
Address of fuse byte to program
(low, high, ext, ext2)
Data
1 byte
Fuse byte value to be programmed
pulseWidth
1 byte
XML: pulseWidth
Width (ms) of /WR pulse (0 => 1
cycle)
pollTimeout
1 byte
XML: pollTimeout
Time-out (ms) for polling RDY/BSY
(0 = don’t poll)
Table 5-48. Answer format
Field
Size
Values
Description
Answer ID
1 byte
CMD_PROGRAM_
FUSE_PP
Answer id
Status
1 byte
See table below
A Result Value indicating the result
of the operation
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Table 5-49. Valid Result Values for the answer to this command
Values
Description
STATUS_CMD_OK
Operation succeeded
STATUS_RDY_BSY_
TOUT
No response from target device within specified timeframe
5.3.9 CMD_READ_FUSE_PP
XML PATH: /AVRPART/ICE_SETTINGS/STK500_2/PpReadFuse/
Table 5-50. Command format
Field
Size
Values
Description
Command ID
1 byte
CMD_READ_FUSE_PP
Command id
Address
1 byte
Address of fuse byte to read
Table 5-51. Answer format if command is executed
Field
Size
Values
Description
Answer ID
1 byte
CMD_ READ_FUSE
Answer id
Status
1 byte
STATUS_CMD_OK
Data
1 byte
Data read from device. Contains the
read low, high or ext fuse byte. Will
be padded with 0’s if errors
occurred during read-out.
5.3.10 CMD_PROGRAM_LOCK_PP
See CMD_PROGRAM_FUSE.
Note:
Address must be sent but is ignored by firmware.
XML PATH: /AVRPART/ICE_SETTINGS/STK500_2/PpProgramLock/
5.3.11 CMD_READ_LOCK_PP
See CMD_READ_FUSE_PP.
Note:
Address must be sent but is ignored by firmware.
XML PATH: /AVRPART/ICE_SETTINGS/STK500_2/PpReadLock/
5.3.12 CMD_READ_SIGNATURE_PP
See CMD_READ_FUSE.
XML PATH: /AVRPART/ICE_SETTINGS/STK500_2/PpReadSign/
5.3.13 CMD_READ_OSCCAL_PP
See CMD_READ_FUSE.
XML PATH: /AVRPART/ICE_SETTINGS/STK500_2/PpReadOsccal/
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5.3.14 CMD_SET_CONTROL_STACK
Uploads the control stack to the STK. This is used for both PP and HVSP.
Note:
The Control stack must always be uploaded before performing any programming
commands in high voltage mode if the STK500 has been powered down.
To
check
if
the
controller
PARAM_CONTROLLER_INIT
has
a
valid
control
stack:
Read
Se chapter 5.7.14: PARAM_CONTROLLER_INIT
Table 5-52. Command format
Field
Size
Values
Description
Command ID
1 byte
CMD_SET_CONTROL_
STACK
Command id
Data
32 bytes
Control stack Data
Table 5-53. Answer format (same for all results)
Field
Size
Values
Description
Answer ID
1 byte
CMD_SET_CONTROL_
STACK
Answer id
Status
1 byte
STATUS_CMD_OK
A Result Value indicating the result
of the operation
5.4 High Voltage Serial Programming Commands
This chapter describes the High Voltage Serial Programming (HVSP) commands.
Note that the SetControlStack command is required for HVSP as for PP. Description
of the SetControlStack is found in section 5.3.14 under Parallel Programming.
5.4.1 CMD_ENTER_PROGMODE_HVSP
This command will make the target device enter programming mode if it succeeds.
XML path: /AVRPART/ICE_SETTINGS/STK500_2/HvspEnterProgMode/
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Table 5-54. Command format
Field
Size
Values
Description
Command ID
1 byte
CMD_ENTER_
PROGMODE_HVSP
Command id
StabDelay
1 byte
XML: stabDelay
Delay (in ms) used for pin stabilization
CmdexeDela
y
1 byte
XML: cmdexeDelay
Delay (in ms) in connection with the
EnterProgMode command execution
SynchCycles
1 byte
XML: synchCycles
Number of synchronization clock
cycles
LatchCycles
1 byte
XML: latchCycles
Number of PulseXtal1_HVSP cycles
ToggleVtg
1 byte
XML: toggleVtg
Toggle Vtg when entering prog.mode
(0=no, 1=yes). For parts with
RSTDSBL functionality
PowoffDelay
1 byte
XML: powoffDelay
Power-off delay. Additional delay (in
ms) after Vtg is turned off in order to
make sure the Vtg is low enough
resetDelay1
1 byte
XML: resetDelay1
RSTDELAY #1 (in ms) Additional delay
between Vtg is turned on and reset
goes high.
resetDelay2
1 byte
XML: resetDelay2
RSTDELAY #2(in us x 10) Additional
delay between Vtg is turned on and
reset goes high. Total delay is
RSTDELAY #1 (ms) + RSTDELAY #2
(us x 10)
Table 5-55. Answer format
Field
Size
Values
Description
Answer ID
1 byte
CMD_ENTER_
PROGMODE_HVSP
Answer id
Status
1 byte
STATUS_CMD_OK or
STATUS_CMD_FAILED
A Result Value indicating the result of
the operation. If failed the target
voltage is >5.5V or <4.5V
5.4.2 CMD_LEAVE_PROGMODE_HVSP
This command will make the target device leave programming mode if it succeeds.
XML path: /AVRPART/ICE_SETTINGS/STK500_2/HvspLeaveProgMode/
Table 5-56. Command format
22
Field
Size
Values
Description
Command ID
1 byte
CMD_LEAVE_
PROGMODE_HVSP
Command id
stabDelay
1 byte
XML: stabDelay
Delay (in ms) used for pin stabilization
resetDelay
1 byte
XML: resetDelay
Delay (in ms) in connection with the
LeaveProgMode command execution
and Reset_low_duration
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Table 5-57. Answer format
Field
Size
Values
Description
Answer ID
1 byte
CMD_LEAVE_
PROGMODE_HVSP
Answer id
Status
1 byte
STATUS_CMD_OK
A Result Value indicating the result
of the operation. Will always read
OK
5.4.3 CMD_CHIP_ERASE_HVSP
This command will perform a chip erase on the target device if it succeeds.
XML path: /AVRPART/ICE_SETTINGS/STK500_2/HvspChipErase/
Table 5-58. Command format
Field
Size
Values
Description
Command ID
1 byte
CMD_CHIP_ERASE_
HVSP
Command id
pollTimeout
1 byte
XML: pollTimeout
Timeout period (in ms) to wait for
RDY/BSY flag to rise. If 0, RDY/BSY
flag is NOT used.
eraseTime
1 byte
XML: eraseTime
Delay (in ms) to ensure that the
erase of the device is finished. If 0,
polling will be used.
Table 5-59. Answer format
Field
Size
Values
Description
Answer ID
1 byte
CMD_CHIP_ERASE_
HVSP
Answer id
Status
1 byte
STATUS_CMD_OK or
A Result Value indicating the result
of the operation.
STATUS_RDY_BSY_TOUT
5.4.4 CMD_PROGRAM_FLASH_HVSP
This command will program data into the FLASH memory of the target device if it
succeeds. For devices with the FLASH organized in pages, the data address and size
used with this command must confirm to that of the device. I.e. one ProgramFlash
command is used to program one page in the target device.
XML path: /AVRPART/ICE_SETTINGS/STK500_2/HvspProgramFlash/
Table 5-60. Command format
Field
Size
Values
Description
Command ID
1 byte
CMD_PROGRAM_FLASH_HVSP
Command id
NumBytes
2 byte
XML: blockSize
Total number of bytes to
program, MSB first
Mode
1 byte
XML: mode
Mode byte (explained below)
pollTimeout
1 byte
XML: pollTimeout
pollTimeout (in ms)
Data 1
1 byte
Data 1
…
.....
.....
Data N
1 byte
Data N
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Table 5-61. Answer format
Field
Size
Values
Description
Answer ID
1 byte
CMD_PROGRAM_FLASH_HVSP
Answer id
Status
1 byte
STATUS_CMD_OK or
A Result Value indicating the
result of the operation.
STATUS_RDY_BSY_TOUT
5.4.4.1 Mode byte description
• Bit 0: This bit indicates whether to use byte ‘0’ or page ‘1’ programming.
• Bit 1-3 are the pagesize bits, pagesize are given in bytes not words, see table
below:
Table 5-62. Pagesize bit configuration
Pagesize
Bit 3, 2, 1
256
000
2
001
4
010
8
011
16
100
32
101
64
110
128
111
• Bit 4-5 are not in use.
• Bit 6 must be set to ‘1’ when it is the very last page to be programmed, otherwise
‘0’
• Bit 7 indicates if a page write should be issued (Transfer data to flash). Normally it
should always be set ‘1’. However, if the page size of the target device is too large
to be covered by one Program Flash command (because the amount of available
SRAM in STK500 is limited) this can be used to let 2 or more commands fill the
page buffer of the target device. The transfer data to flash flag should then only be
set on the last command.
Note:
Only Bit 0-3 are set in the XML file, cause Bit 6-7 are not static and must be
controlled by the PC Frontend.
5.4.5 CMD_READ_FLASH_HVSP
This command will read data from the FLASH memory of the target device if it
succeeds. For devices with the FLASH organized in pages, the data address and size
used with this command must confirm to that of the device. I.e. one ReadFlash
command is used to read one page in the target device.
XML path: /AVRPART/ICE_SETTINGS/STK500_2/HvspReadFlash/
Table 5-63. Command format
24
Field
Size
Values
Description
Command ID
1 byte
CMD_READ_FLASH_HVSP
Command id
NumBytes
2 byte
XML: blockSize
Total number of bytes to read,
MSB first
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Table 5-64. Answer format if the command is executed
Field
Size
Values
Description
Command ID
1 byte
CMD_READ_FLASH_HVSP
Answer id
Status1
1 byte
STATUS_CMD_OK
Temporary status, will always
read OK
Data
Byte*N
Status2
1 byte
Data read from device. Will be
padded with 0’s if errors
occurred during read-out.
STATUS_CMD_OK
A Result Value indicating the
result of the operation. Will
always read OK
5.4.6 CMD_PROGRAM_EEPROM_HVSP
See the CMD_WRITE_FLASH_HVSP command.
5.4.7 CMD_READ_EEPROM_HVSP
See the CMD_READ_FLASH_HVSP command.
5.4.8 CMD_PROGRAM_FUSE_HVSP
This command programs one fuse byte, addressed by the Fuse Address byte.
XML path: /AVRPART/ICE_SETTINGS/STK500_2/HvspProgramFuse/
Table 5-65. Command format
Field
Size
Values
Description
Command ID
1 byte
CMD_PROGRAM_FUSE_HVSP
Command id
Fuse
Address
1 byte
0, 1 or 2
Address of byte to write
(0=low, 1=high, 2=ext)
Fuse Byte
1 byte
pollTimeout
1 byte
Fuse byte value (low, high or
ext) to be programmed
XML: pollTimeout
Poll timeout
Table 5-66. Answer format
Field
Size
Values
Description
Command ID
1 byte
CMD_PROGRAM_FUSE_HVSP
Answer id
Status
1 byte
STATUS_CMD_OK or
A Result Value indicating the
result of the operation.
STATUS_RDY_BSY_TOUT
5.4.9 CMD_READ_FUSE_HVSP
This command programs one fuse byte, addressed by the Fuse Address byte.
XML path: /AVRPART/ICE_SETTINGS/STK500_2/HvspReadFuse/
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Table 5-67. Command format
Field
Size
Values
Description
Command ID
1 byte
CMD_ READ_FUSE_HVSP
Command id
Fuse
Address
1 byte
0, 1 or 2
Address of byte to read
(0=low, 1=high, 2=ext)
Table 5-68. Answer format if command was executed
Field
Size
Values
Description
Command ID
1 byte
CMD_ READ_FUSE_HVSP
Answer id
Status
1 byte
STATUS_CMD_OK
A Result Value indicating the
result of the operation. Will
always read OK
Fuse Byte
1 byte
Data read from device.
Contains the read low, high or
ext fuse byte. Will be padded
with 0’s if errors occurred
during read-out.
5.4.10 CMD_PROGRAM_LOCK_HVSP
See CMD_PROGRAM_FUSE_HVSP.
Note:
Address is required but ignored.
5.4.11 CMD_READ_LOCK_HVSP
See CMD_READ_FUSE_HVSP.
Note:
Address is required but ignored.
5.4.12 CMD_READ_SIGNATURE_HVSP
See CMD_READ_FUSE_HVSP.
5.4.13 CMD_READ_OSCCAL_HVSP
See CMD_READ_FUSE_HVSP.
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5.5 Special answers
Answers that don’t correspond to a specific command.
5.5.1 ANSWER_CKSUM_ERROR
This is an answer generated by the transport layer, indicating that a message with
incorrect checksum has been received.
Table 5-69. Answer format
Field
Size
Values
Description
Command ID
1 byte
ANSWER_CKSUM_ERROR
Answer id
Status
1 byte
ANSWER_CKSUM_ERROR
A status value indicating
checksum error
5.6 Return values
This section describes all possible return values and their meaning in detail.
5.6.1 Success
Table 5-70. Success return value
Value
Meaning
STATUS_CMD_OK
Command executed OK
5.6.2 Warnings
All warnings have MSB set to 1 and MSB-1 set to 0.
Table 5-71. Warning return values
Value
Meaning
STATUS_CMD_TOUT
Command timed out
STATUS_RDY_BSY_TOUT
Sampling of the RDY/nBSY pin timed out
STATUS_SET_PARAM_MISSING
The ‘Set Device Parameters’ have not been executed in
advance of this command
5.6.3 Errors
All errors have MSB and MSB-1 set to 1.
Table 5-72. Error return values
Value
Meaning
STATUS_CMD_FAILED
Command failed
STATUS_CKSUM_ERROR
Checksum Error
STATUS_CMD_UNKNOWN
Unknown command
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5.7 Parameters
The following parameters can be read and/or written by the CMD_GET_PARAM and
CMD_SET_PARAM commands:
Table 5-73. Available parameters
Value
Meaning
R/W
PARAM_BUILD_NUMBER_LOW
Firmware build number, high byte
R
PARAM_BUILD_NUMBER_HIGH
Firmware build number, low byte
R
PARAM_HW_VER
Hardware version
R
PARAM_SW_MAJOR
Firmware version number, major byte
R
PARAM_SW_MINOR
Firmware version number, minor byte
R
PARAM_VTARGET
Target Voltage
RW
PARAM_VADJUST
Adjustable (AREF) voltage
RW
PARAM_OSC_PSCALE
Oscillator timer prescaler value
RW
PARAM_OSC_CMATCH
Oscillator timer compare match value
RW
PARAM_SCK_DURATION
ISP SCK duration
RW
PARAM_TOPCARD_DETECT
Top card detect
R
PARAM_STATUS
Returns status register
R
PARAM_DATA
DATA pins values used in HVPP mode
R
PARAM_RESET_POLARITY
Active low or active high RESET handling
W
PARAM_CONTROLLER_INIT
Controller initialization
RW
5.7.1 PARAM_BUILD_NUMBER_LOW
The PARAM_BUILD_NUMBER_LOW and PARAM_BUILD_NUMBER_HIGH together
return a number that is incremented for each build of the firmware. Mainly for ATMEL
internal use.
5.7.2 PARAM_BUILD_NUMBER_HIGH
See PARAM_BUILD_NUMBER_LOW.
5.7.3 PARAM_HW_VER
Returns a hardware revision number.
5.7.4 PARAM_SW_MAJOR
The PARAM_SW_MAJOR and PARAM_SW_MINOR returns the firmware version.
5.7.5 PARAM_SW_MINOR
See PARAM_SW_MAJOR.
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5.7.6 PARAM_VTARGET
This parameter only applies to STK500, not the AVRISP.
STK500 has a controllable target voltage supply, which can be set and monitored with
this parameter. The parameter value is voltage in volts x10, i.e. a parameter value of
42 (decimal) corresponds to 4.2V. The VTARGET voltage is adjustable between 0
and 6V.
5.7.7 PARAM_VADJUST
This parameter only applies to STK500, not the AVRISP.
STK500 has an adjustable analog reference in the same way as the supply voltage.
This adjustable reference voltage (AREF) can be set and monitored with the
PARAM_ADJUST parameter. The parameter value is voltage in volts x10, i.e. a
parameter value of 42 (decimal) corresponds to 4.2V. The VADJUST voltage is
adjustable between 0 and 6V.
5.7.8 PARAM_OSC_PSCALE
This parameter only applies to STK500, not the AVRISP.
The STK500 has a programmable clock generator used to supply a clock signal to the
target device. The generator is actually the TIMER2 of the AT90S8535 MCU. The
timer in running in “Toggle OC2 line” mode, where the timer value is cleared on a
compare match. The following code example shows how the firmware handles
changes in PARAM_OSC_PSCALE or PARAM_OSC_CMATCH:
// Stop Timer2
TCCR2 = 0x18;
// Initialize counter value
TCNT2 = 0xFF;
// Set compare match value
OCR2
= osc_cmatch;
// Set timer operation mode and prescaler
TCCR2 = (0x18 | (0x07 & osc_pscale));
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The STK500 system clock is fsys = 7.37MHz., which gives the following relation
between prescaler and compare values and the resulting frequency:
f = prescaled clock / (compare value + 1) / 2
The prescale clock is the system clock divided by some factor according to this table:
Table 5-74. Prescaler values
Prescaler Value
Prescaled clock frequency
0
0
1
fsys
2
fsys / 8
3
fsys / 32
4
fsys / 64
5
fsys / 128
6
fsys / 256
7
fsys / 1024
The host software can compute the prescale and match values by a using a brute
force approach, scanning through all possible prescale and match values, computing
the resulting frequency, and using the parameters that gives the best result.
5.7.9 PARAM_OSC_CMATCH
This parameter only applies to STK500, not the AVRISP.
See PARAM_OSC_PSCALE.
5.7.10 PARAM_SCK_DURATION
When using the ISP programming interface, the ISP clock frequency must not exceed
what the target device supports. (The maximum ISP clock frequency depends on the
device system clock, internal clock division etc.)
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The STK500 and AVRISP supports ISP frequencies from 4 kHz up to 1.8 MHz. The
value for PARAM_SCK_DURATION can be found using the following algorithm:
#define T_STK500
135.63e-9
#define T_AVRISP
271.27e-9
#define B
12.0
unsigned char CalcSckDur(int freq)
{
if (STK500)
{
if (freq >= 1843200)
sck_dur = 0;
else if (freq >= 460800)
sck_dur = 1;
else if (freq >= 115200)
sck_dur = 2;
else if (freq >= 57600)
sck_dur = 3;
else
sck_dur = ceil(1/(2 * B * freq * T_STK500) - 10/B);
}
else // if (AVRISP)
{
if (freq >= 921600)
sck_dur = 0;
else if (freq >= 230400)
sck_dur = 1;
else if (freq >= 57600)
sck_dur = 2;
else if (freq >= 28800)
sck_dur = 3;
else
sck_dur = ceil(1/(2 * B * freq * T_AVRISP) - 10/B);
}
return __min(254, sck_dur); // 255 is an illegal value
}
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5.7.11 PARAM_TOPCARD_DETECT
This parameter only applies to STK500, not the AVRISP.
Expansion cards can be connected to STK500. Each type of card has an id circuitry,
so that the STK500 can detect which type of card that is mounted.
The following IDs are in use:
Table 5-75. Topcard IDs
Card
ID
STK501
0xAA
STK502
0x55
STK503
0xFA
STK504
0xEE
STK505
0xE4
STK520
0xDD
5.7.12 PARAM_DATA
This parameter only applies to STK500, not the AVRISP.
This parameter returns the value on the PROG DATA connector used for High-Volt
Parallel Programming.
5.7.13 PARAM_RESET_POLARITY
The STK500 and AVRISP can program both AT90 (AVR) family and AT89 (8051)
family of microcontrollers. They have different RESET pin polarity. The AVR has
active low reset, while the AT89 has active high.
This parameter sets the polarity of the reset signal. Set the parameter to 1 when
programming AVRs, and 0 when programming AT89 controllers.
Note:
STK500 and AVRISP store this parameter in EEPROM, so they are available the
next time power is applied to the programmers. For STK500, also the RESET button
change polarity according to this parameter.
5.7.14 PARAM_CONTROLLER_INIT
This parameter is internally set to 0 when the programmer MCU resets. The host
software can write any value it wants to this parameter, and it can be read back later.
This parameter is intended to be used as a way of telling if the power on
STK500/AVRISP has been lost or turned off and then back again.
This way, the host software can tell if the programmer needs to be initialized again
before continuing with its operation.
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6 XML Parameter Values
One of the major enhancements in the 2.0 version of the STK500 protocol is the
ability to describe parameters for all details of the programming algorithms. A
parameter set is specific for a certain AVR device, thus the parameter settings belong
in the XML part description file. Below is a description where to find the STK500
parameter values in the device specific XML file.
After installing AvrStudio 4, all xml files can be found at:
“\Program Files\Atmel\AVR Tools\PartDescriptionFiles\”
Figure 6-1. XML file example: ATmega2561.xml
Open the XML file in xml editor/viewer (e.g XML Notepad or Internet Explorer). All
device specific values for STK500 and AVRISP are located under STK500_2 node.
For parameters for the CMD_ENTER_PROGMODE_ISP command, look in
/AVRPART/ICE_SETTINGS_STK500_2/IspEnterProgMode.
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7 Command Sequence Example
This chapter contains examples of how to connect to the STK500 from the PC
Frontend and how to read signature from a device.
See chapter 5 Commands for the description of the commands and parameters.
7.1 Connect
The sequence of commands and parameters sent from AvrStudio to the STK500 in
order to connect is listed below.
•
•
•
•
•
CMD_SIGN_ON
CMD_GET_PARAMETER, PARAM_TOPCARD_DETECT
CMD_GET_PARAMETER, PARAM_HW_VER
CMD_GET_PARAMETER, PARAM_SW_MAJOR
CMD_GET_PARAMETER, PARAM_SW_MINOR
7.2 Read Signature
7.2.1 In System Programming
The sequence of commands and parameters sent from AvrStudio to the STK500 in
order to read the device signature through ISP is listed below. Note that one already
have to be connected to do this.
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
34
CMD_GET_PARAMETER, PARAM_TOPCARD_DETECT
CMD_GET_PARAMETER, PARAM_CONTROLLER_INIT
CMD_SET_PARAMETER, PARAM_CONTROLLER_INIT
CMD_SET_PARAMETER, PARAM_RESET_POLARITY
CMD_ENTER_PROGMODE_ISP
CMD_READ_SIGNATURE_ISP
CMD_READ_SIGNATURE_ISP
CMD_READ_SIGNATURE_ISP
CMD_LEAVE_PROGMODE_ISP
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7.2.2 High Voltage Programming
The sequence of commands and parameters sent from AvrStudio to the STK500 in
order to read the device signature through High Voltage Programming is listed below.
Note that one already have to be connected to do this. This sequence goes for both
High Voltage Parallel Programming and High Voltage Serial Programming.
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
CMD_GET_PARAMETER, PARAM_TOPCARD_DETECT
CMD_GET_PARAMETER, PARAM_CONTROLLER_INIT
CMD_SET_CONTROL_STACK
CMD_GET_PARAMETER, PARAM_CONTROLLER_INIT
CMD_ENTER_PROGMODE_PP (_HVSP)
CMD_READ_SIGNATURE_PP (_HVSP)
CMD_READ_SIGNATURE_PP (_HVSP)
CMD_READ_SIGNATURE_PP (_HVSP)
CMD_LEAVE_PROGMODE_ PP (_HVSP)
7.3 STK500 Communication Logging
For further details and examples of the communication between AvrStudio and
STK500 one can set up logging of all communication to a text file. This can be done
by adding a register key in the Registry as described below.
1. Open the Registry by running “regedit”:
Figure 7-1. The “Run” dialog box
2. Browse to the path: HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Atmel\AVRTools\STK500\
3. Make a new String Value (right-click > New > String Value) named “LogFilePath”
4. Enter Data e.g. ”c:\STK500Com.txt” (right-click ”LogFilePath” > Modify > enter
Value Data)
35
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Figure 7-2. The “Edit String” dialog box
After editing the Registry, open AvrStudio and start the STK500 Programming Dialog.
All commands will now be written to the text file specified in the Registry. This file will
look like this:
Figure 7-3. Example log file contents
Notes:
1. This is the Command ID, in this case 0x03 which is CMD_GET_PARAMETER
2. This is the Parameter ID, in this case 0x9A which is PARAM_TOPCARD_DETECT
36
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