Operation Manual

AS5040 8-bit Programmable Magnetic Rotary Encoder
AS5040/AS5045/AS5140/AS5145/AS5145-I10(-I12)
Programmable Magnetic Rotary Encoder
AS5040-AB-v2.0
Adapterboard
OPERATION MANUAL
1 General Description
The AS5x40/AS5x45 series are contactless magnetic rotary
encoders for accurate angular measurement over a full turn
of 360°. They are system-on-chip, combining integrated Hall
elements, analog front end and digital signal processing in a
single device.
To measure the angle, only a simple two-pole magnet,
rotating over the center of the chip, is required. The magnet
may be placed above or below the IC.
The absolute angle measurement provides instant indication
of the magnet’s angular position with a resolution of
0.35° = 1024 (AS5x40 – 10bit ) or 0.0879° = 4096 (AS5x45 –
12bit) positions per revolution. This digital data is available as
a serial bit stream and as a PWM signal.
Furthermore, a user-programmable incremental output is
available, making the chip suitable for replacement of various
optical encoders.
The AS5145 is also available as 10bit or 12bit preprogrammed version AS5145-I10(-I12).
An internal voltage regulator allows the AS5x40/AS5x45 to
operate at either 3.3 V or 5 V supplies.
2 The AS5040 Adapter board
2.1
Board description
The AS5040 adapter board is a simple circuit allowing test and evaluation of the AS5040/AS5045/AS5140/AS5145/AS5145I10/AS5145-I12 rotary encoder quickly without building a test fixture or PCB.
The PCB can be used as standalone unit or attached to a microcontroller. The standalone operation requires a 5V power supply
only; the magnet’s angle can be read on the PWM or analog output.
J1 connector
(Prg, power supply,
serial interface)
AS5x40/AS5x45
encoder
J2 connector
(PWM, incremental and
status outputs)
4 x 2.6mm mounting
holes
Figure 1: AS5040 Adapterboard
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AS5040/AS5045/AS5140/AS5145/AS5145-Ix Programmable Magnetic Rotary Encoder
Adapterboard Operation Manual
2.2
Mounting the AS5040 adapter board
Bearing
M2~M2.5 Screw + nut
Casing
Rotating shaft and magnet holder
Spacer
Not ferromagnetic (plastic, brass, copper,
stainless steel, aluminum…)
AS5040-AB PCB
Figure 2: AS5040 adapter board mounting and dimension
A diametric magnet must be placed over on under the AS5x40/AS5x45 encoder, and should be centered on the middle of the
package with a tolerance of 0.5mm.
The airgap between the magnet and the encoder casing should be maintained in the range 0.5mm~2mm.
The magnet holder must not be ferromagnetic. Materials as brass, copper, aluminum, stainless steel are the best choices to make
this part.
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AS5040/AS5045/AS5140/AS5145/AS5145-Ix Programmable Magnetic Rotary Encoder
Adapterboard Operation Manual
J1
J2
3 AS5x40/AS5x45 and adapter board pinout
MagINCn
1
16
VDD5V
MagDECn
2
15
VDD3V3
A_LSB_U
3
14
NC
B_Dir_V
4
13
NC
NC
5
12
PWM_LSB
Index_W
6
11
CSn
VSS
7
10
CLK
Prog
8
9
DO
Figure 3: AS5040 adapter board connectors and encoder pinout
Pin#
Pin#
Symbol
Board
AS5040
Board
JP1 - 1
7
GND
S
JP1 - 2
9
DO
DO_T
Data Output of Synchronous Serial Interface
JP1 - 3
10
CLK
DI_ST
Clock Input of Synchronous Serial Interface; Schmitt-Trigger input
JP1 - 4
11
CSn
DI_PU_ST
JP1 - 5
15
3V3
S
3V-Regulator Output
JP1 - 6
16
5V
S
5V Supply
JP1 - 7
8
Prg
DI_PD
JP2 - 1
7
GND
S
JP2 - 2
1
MagINC
DO_OD
Magnet Field Magnitude INCrease; active low, indicates a distance reduction between the
magnet and the device surface.
JP2 - 3
2
MagDEC
DO_OD
Magnet Field Magnitude DECrease; active low, indicates a distance increase between the
device and the magnet
Type
Description
Supply ground
Chip Select, active low; Schmitt-Trigger input, internal pull-up resistor (~50kΩ) connect to VSS
in incremental mode
OTP Programming Input and Data Input for Daisy Chain mode. Internal pull-down resistor
(~74kΩ).
May be connected to VSS if programming is not used
Supply ground
AS5040 – AS5140 – AS5145 (programmed) only
JP2 - 4
3
A
DO
Mode1.x: Quadrature A channel
Mode2.x: Least Significant Bit
Mode3.x: U signal (phase1)
AS5040 – AS5140 – AS5145 (programmed) only
JP2 - 5
4
B
DO
Mode1.x: Quadrature B channel quarter period shift to channel A.
Mode2.x: Direction of Rotation
Mode3.x: V signal (phase2)
AS5040 – AS5140 – AS5145 (programmed) only
JP2 - 6
6
Ind
DO
Mode1.x and Mode2.x : Index signal indicates the absolute zero position
Mode3.x: W signal (phase3)
AS5045 – AS5145 (unprogrammed)
Mode input, connect to VDD5 (Fast mode) or GND (Slow mode); do not change during
operation
JP2 - 7
12
PWM
DO
Pulse Width Modulation of approx. 1kHz; LSB in Mode3.x
Table 1: Pin description
Pin types: DO_OD
DO
DI_PD
DI_PU
digital output open drain
digital output
digital input pull-down
digital input pull-up
S
DI
DO_T
ST
Revision 1.2, July 2009
supply pin
digital input
digital output / tri-state
Schmitt-Trigger input
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AS5040/AS5045/AS5140/AS5145/AS5145-Ix Programmable Magnetic Rotary Encoder
Adapterboard Operation Manual
4 Operation use cases
4.1
Standalone SSI output mode
Figure 4: Using the analog output with the adapter board
The most complete and accurate solution for a MCU to
read the angle of a magnet is the serial interface.
The serial word contains 16 bits for AS5x40 or 18 bits for
AS5x45 and consists of 10 bit (AS5x40) or 12 bit
(AS5x45) angle value and some other indicator bits like
MagINC, MagDEC, which can be read at the same time.
4.2
Standalone PWM output mode
Figure 5: Using the PWM output with the adapter board
The AS5040 provides a pulse width modulated output
(PWM), whose duty cycle is proportional to the measured
angle. The PWM signal (J2 pin #7) with a period of
1025us (1us step) and 5V pulse voltage can be
connected to the capture/timer input of a microcontroller
in order to decode the angle value.
Angle
PW MIN
0 deg
(Pos 0)
1µs
102 5µs
PW M AX
359.65 deg
(Pos 1023)
102 4µ s
Figure 6: PWM duty cycle depending on magnet position
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4.3
Standalone incremental output
Figure 7: Using the Incremental output with the adapter board
Three different incremental output modes are possible with quadrature A/B being the default mode (two-channel quadrature,
step / direction incremental signal (LSB) and the direction bit in clockwise (CW) and counter-clockwise (CCW) direction.
The pre-programmed version AS5145-I10 provides a 10bit and AS5145-I12 a 12bit incremental output.
The AS5045 do not offer an incremental output (see chapter 6).
For further information, please refer to datasheet.
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4.4
Daisy chain mode
Figure 8: Using Daisy-Chain mode with the adapter board
By using more than one adapter board, a setup in daisy chain mode is possible.
In this mode capacitor C3 (refer to Fig.10) must be disconnected when using the 1nF capacitor shown in Fig.8. or
directly replaced by this capacitor.
The serial data of all connected devices is read from the DO pin of the first device in the chain. The Prog pin of the last
device in the chain should be connected to VSS. The length of the serial bit stream increases with every connected device
(board) by n * (16+1) bits.
Due to R = 100R and C = 1nF, the CLK is limited the maximum 1MHz.
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5
Programming the AS5040
Figure 9: Programming the AS5040
After power-on, programming the AS5040 is enabled with the rising edge of CSn with Prog = high and CLK = low. 16 bit
configuration data must be serially shifted into the OTP register via the Prog-pin. The first “CCW” bit is followed by the zero
position data (MSB first / 10 bit for AS5x40 and 12 bit for AS5x45) and some mode settings (please refer to datasheet). Data
must be valid at the rising edge of CLK.
After writing data into the OTP register it can be permanently programmed by rising the Prog pin to the programming voltage
VPROG of 7.3-7.5V. 16 CLK pulses must be applied to program the fuses.
For exiting the programming mode, the chip must be reset by a power-on-reset. The programmed data is available after the
next power-up.
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6 AS5040 Differences to AS5045
Building Block
Resolution
Data length
AS5045
12bits, 0.088°/step.
read: 18bits
(12bits data + 6 bits status)
OTP write: 18 bits
(12bits zero position + 6 bits mode selection)
incremental encoder
Not used
Pin 3: not used
Pin 4:not used
Pins 1 and 2
MagINCn, MagDECn: same feature as AS5040,
additional OTP option for red-yellow-green
magnetic range
MODE pin, switch between fast and slow mode
PWM output: frequency selectable by OTP:
1µs / step, 4096 steps per revolution, f=244Hz
2µs/ step, 4096 steps per revolution, f=122Hz
selectable by MODE input pin:
2.5kHz, 10kHz
384µs (slow mode)
96µs (fast mode)
0.03 degrees max. (slow mode)
0.06 degrees max. (fast mode)
zero position, rotational direction, PWM disable, 2
Magnetic Field indicator modes, 2 PWM
frequencies
Pin 6
Pin 12
sampling frequency
Propagation delay
Transition noise
(rms; 1sigma)
OTP programming
options
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AS5040
10bit, 0.35°/step
read: 16bits
(10bits data + 6 bits status)
OTP write: 16 bits
(10bits zero position + 6 bits mode
selection)
quadrature, step/direction and BLDC
motor commutation modes
Pin 3:incremental output A_LSB_U
Pin 4:incremental output B_DIR_V
MagINCn, MagDECn indicate in-range or
out-of-range magnetic field plus
movement of magnet in z-axis
Pin 6:Index output
PWM output:
1µs / step, 1024 steps per revolution,
976Hz PWM frequency
fixed at 10kHz @10bit resolution
48µs
0.12 degrees
zero position, rotational direction,
incremental modes, index bit width
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7 AS5040 adapter board hardware
7.1
AS5040-AB-2.0 schematics
Figure 10: AS5040-AB-2.0 adapterboard schematics
7.2
AS5040-AB-2.0 PCB layout
Figure 11: AS5040-AB-2.0 adapter board layout
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AS5040/AS5045/AS5140/AS5145/AS5145-Ix Programmable Magnetic Rotary Encoder
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Table of contents
1
2
General Description........................................................................................................................................................... 1
The AS5040 Adapter board............................................................................................................................................... 1
2.1
Board description...................................................................................................................................................... 1
2.2
3
4
Mounting the AS5040 adapter board........................................................................................................................ 2
AS5x40/AS5x45 and adapter board pinout ....................................................................................................................... 3
Operation use cases.......................................................................................................................................................... 4
4.1
Standalone SSI output mode.................................................................................................................................... 4
4.2
Standalone PWM output mode................................................................................................................................. 4
4.3
Standalone incremental output ................................................................................................................................. 5
Figure 7: Using the Incremental output with the adapter board ............................................................................................. 5
4.4
5
6
7
Daisy chain mode ..................................................................................................................................................... 6
Programming the AS5040 ................................................................................................................................................. 7
AS5040 Differences to AS5045......................................................................................................................................... 8
AS5040 adapter board hardware ...................................................................................................................................... 9
7.1
AS5040-AB-2.0 schematics...................................................................................................................................... 9
7.2
AS5040-AB-2.0 PCB layout...................................................................................................................................... 9
Table of contents...................................................................................................................................................................... 10
Copyrights ................................................................................................................................................................................ 11
Disclaimer................................................................................................................................................................................. 11
Contact Information .................................................................................................................................................................. 11
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Copyrights
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