PCA9674/74A Remote 8-bit I/O expander for Fm+ I2C-bus with interrupt Rev. 05 — 15 June 2009 Product data sheet 1. General description The PCA9674/74A provide general purpose remote I/O expansion for most microcontroller families via the two-line bidirectional bus (I2C-bus) and is a part of the Fast-mode Plus (Fm+) family. The PCA9674/74A is a drop-in upgrade for the PCF8574/74A providing higher Fast-mode Plus I2C-bus speeds (1 MHz versus 400 kHz) so that the output can support PWM dimming of LEDs, higher I2C-bus drive (30 mA versus 3 mA) so that many more devices can be on the bus without the need for bus buffers, higher total package sink capacity (200 mA versus 100 mA) that supports having all LEDs on at the same time and more device addresses (64 versus 8) are available to allow many more devices on the bus without address conflicts. The devices consist of an 8-bit quasi-bidirectional port and an I2C-bus interface. The PCA9674/74A have low current consumption and include latched outputs with 25 mA high current drive capability for directly driving LEDs. They also possess an interrupt line (INT) that can be connected to the interrupt logic of the microcontroller. By sending an interrupt signal on this line, the remote I/O can inform the microcontroller if there is incoming data on its ports without having to communicate via the I2C-bus. The internal Power-On Reset (POR) or Software Reset sequence initializes the I/Os as inputs. 2. Features n n n n n n n n n n n n n 1 MHz I2C-bus interface Compliant with the I2C-bus Fast and Standard modes SDA with 30 mA sink capability for 4000 pF buses 2.3 V to 5.5 V operation with 5.5 V tolerant I/Os 8-bit remote I/O pins that default to inputs at power-up Latched outputs with 25 mA sink capability for directly driving LEDs Total package sink capability of 200 mA Active LOW open-drain interrupt output 64 programmable slave addresses using 3 address pins Readable device ID (manufacturer, device type, and revision) Low standby current −40 °C to +85 °C operation ESD protection exceeds 2000 V HBM per JESD22-A114, 200 V MM per JESD22-A115, and 1000 V CDM per JESD22-C101 PCA9674/74A NXP Semiconductors Remote 8-bit I/O expander for Fm+ I2C-bus with interrupt n Latch-up testing is done to JEDEC standard JESD78 which exceeds 100 mA n Packages offered: SO16, SSOP20, TSSOP16, HVQFN16 3. Applications n n n n n n n n LED signs and displays Servers Industrial control Medical equipment PLCs Cellular telephones Gaming machines Instrumentation and test measurement 4. Ordering information Table 1. Ordering information Type number Topside mark Package Name Description PCA9674BS 674 HVQFN16 PCA9674ABS 74A plastic thermal enhanced very thin quad flat package; no leads; SOT758-1 16 terminals; body 3 × 3 × 0.85 mm PCA9674D PCA9674D SO16 plastic small outline package; 16 leads; body width 7.5 mm SOT162-1 PCA9674AD PCA9674AD PCA9674PW PCA9674 TSSOP16 SOT403-1 PCA9674APW PA9674A plastic thin shrink small outline package; 16 leads; body width 4.4 mm PCA9674TS PCA9674 SSOP20 SOT266-1 PCA9674ATS PA9674A plastic shrink small outline package; 20 leads; body width 4.4 mm PCA9674_PCA9674A_5 Product data sheet Version © NXP B.V. 2009. All rights reserved. Rev. 05 — 15 June 2009 2 of 32 PCA9674/74A NXP Semiconductors Remote 8-bit I/O expander for Fm+ I2C-bus with interrupt 5. Block diagram PCA9674 PCA9674A INTERRUPT LOGIC INT LP FILTER AD0 AD1 AD2 SCL SDA INPUT FILTER I2C-BUS CONTROL SHIFT REGISTER 8 BITS I/O PORT P0 to P7 write pulse read pulse VDD VSS POWER-ON RESET 002aac108 Fig 1. Block diagram of PCA9674/74A write pulse 100 µA VDD IOH Itrt(pu) data from Shift Register D Q FF P0 to P7 IOL CI S power-on reset VSS D Q FF read pulse CI S to interrupt logic data to Shift Register 002aac109 Fig 2. Simplified schematic diagram of P0 to P7 PCA9674_PCA9674A_5 Product data sheet © NXP B.V. 2009. All rights reserved. Rev. 05 — 15 June 2009 3 of 32 PCA9674/74A NXP Semiconductors Remote 8-bit I/O expander for Fm+ I2C-bus with interrupt 6. Pinning information 6.1 Pinning AD0 1 1 2 16 VDD 15 SDA AD0 AD1 AD1 2 16 VDD 15 SDA AD2 3 14 SCL AD2 3 14 SCL P0 4 13 INT P0 4 P1 5 12 P7 P1 5 P2 6 11 P6 P2 6 11 P6 P3 7 10 P5 P3 7 10 P5 VSS 8 9 VSS 8 PCA9674D PCA9674AD P4 12 P7 9 002aac111 Fig 3. 13 INT PCA9674PW PCA9674APW P4 002aac113 Pin configuration for SO16 Fig 4. Pin configuration for TSSOP16 SCL 2 19 P6 n.c. 3 18 n.c. SDA 4 17 P5 VDD 5 AD0 6 AD1 n.c. AD2 terminal 1 index area AD2 1 12 SCL P0 2 11 INT 15 VSS P1 3 10 P7 7 14 P3 P2 4 9 8 13 n.c. 9 12 P2 P0 10 11 P1 Pin configuration for SSOP20 PCA9674_PCA9674A_5 Product data sheet 5 6 7 8 VSS P4 P5 16 P4 P3 PCA9674TS PCA9674ATS P6 002aac114 Transparent top view 002aac112 Fig 5. 13 SDA 20 P7 14 VDD 1 15 AD0 INT 16 AD1 PCA9674BS PCA9674ABS Fig 6. Pin configuration for HVQFN16 © NXP B.V. 2009. All rights reserved. Rev. 05 — 15 June 2009 4 of 32 PCA9674/74A NXP Semiconductors Remote 8-bit I/O expander for Fm+ I2C-bus with interrupt 6.2 Pin description Table 2. Pin description for SO16, TSSOP16 Symbol Pin Description AD0 1 address input 0 AD1 2 address input 1 AD2 3 address input 2 P0 4 quasi-bidirectional I/O 0 P1 5 quasi-bidirectional I/O 1 P2 6 quasi-bidirectional I/O 2 P3 7 quasi-bidirectional I/O 3 VSS 8 supply ground P4 9 quasi-bidirectional I/O 4 P5 10 quasi-bidirectional I/O 5 P6 11 quasi-bidirectional I/O 6 P7 12 quasi-bidirectional I/O 7 INT 13 interrupt output (active LOW) SCL 14 serial clock line SDA 15 serial data line VDD 16 supply voltage Table 3. Symbol Pin description for SSOP20 Pin Description INT 1 interrupt output (active LOW) SCL 2 serial clock line n.c. 3 not connected SDA 4 serial data line VDD 5 supply voltage AD0 6 address input 0 AD1 7 address input 1 n.c. 8 not connected AD2 9 address input 2 P0 10 quasi-bidirectional I/O 0 P1 11 quasi-bidirectional I/O 1 P2 12 quasi-bidirectional I/O 2 n.c. 13 not connected P3 14 quasi-bidirectional I/O 3 VSS 15 supply ground P4 16 quasi-bidirectional I/O 4 P5 17 quasi-bidirectional I/O 5 n.c. 18 not connected P6 19 quasi-bidirectional I/O 6 P7 20 quasi-bidirectional I/O 7 PCA9674_PCA9674A_5 Product data sheet © NXP B.V. 2009. All rights reserved. Rev. 05 — 15 June 2009 5 of 32 PCA9674/74A NXP Semiconductors Remote 8-bit I/O expander for Fm+ I2C-bus with interrupt Table 4. Pin description for HVQFN16 Symbol Pin Description AD2 1 address input 2 P0 2 quasi-bidirectional I/O 0 P1 3 quasi-bidirectional I/O 1 P2 4 quasi-bidirectional I/O 2 5 quasi-bidirectional I/O 3 P3 [1] 6 supply ground P4 7 quasi-bidirectional I/O 4 P5 8 quasi-bidirectional I/O 5 P6 9 quasi-bidirectional I/O 6 P7 10 quasi-bidirectional I/O 7 INT 11 interrupt output (active LOW) SCL 12 serial clock line SDA 13 serial data line VSS VDD 14 supply voltage AD0 15 address input 0 AD1 16 address input 1 [1] HVQFN16 package die supply ground is connected to both the VSS pin and the exposed center pad. The VSS pin must be connected to supply ground for proper device operation. For enhanced thermal, electrical, and board-level performance, the exposed pad needs to be soldered to the board using a corresponding thermal pad on the board, and for proper heat conduction through the board thermal vias need to be incorporated in the PCB in the thermal pad region. 7. Functional description Refer to Figure 1 “Block diagram of PCA9674/74A”. 7.1 Device address Following a START condition, the bus master must send the address of the slave it is accessing and the operation it wants to perform (read or write). The address of the PCA9674/74A is shown in Figure 7. Slave address pins AD2, AD1, and AD0 choose 1 of 64 slave addresses. To conserve power, no internal pull-up resistors are incorporated on AD2, AD1, and AD0. Address values depending on AD2, AD1, and AD0 can be found in Table 5 “PCA9674 address map” and Table 6 “PCA9674A address map”. Remark: When using the PCA9674A, the General Call address (0000 0000b) and the Device ID address (1111 100Xb) are reserved and cannot be used as device address. Failure to follow this requirement will cause the PCA9674A not to acknowledge. Remark: When using the PCA9674 or the PCA9674A, reserved I2C-bus addresses must be used with caution since they can interfere with: • “reserved for future use” I2C-bus addresses (0000 011, 1111 101, 1111 110, 1111 111) • slave devices that use the 10-bit addressing scheme (1111 0xx) • High speed mode (Hs-mode) master code (0000 1xx) PCA9674_PCA9674A_5 Product data sheet © NXP B.V. 2009. All rights reserved. Rev. 05 — 15 June 2009 6 of 32 PCA9674/74A NXP Semiconductors Remote 8-bit I/O expander for Fm+ I2C-bus with interrupt slave address A6 A5 A4 A3 A2 A1 programmable Fig 7. A0 R/W 002aab636 PCA9674/74A address The last bit of the first byte defines the operation to be performed. When set to logic 1 a read is selected, while a logic 0 selects a write operation. When AD2, AD1 and AD0 are held to VDD or VSS, the same address as the PCF8574 or PCF8574A is applied. 7.1.1 Address maps Table 5. PCA9674 address map AD2 AD1 AD0 A6 A5 A4 A3 A2 A1 A0 Address VSS SCL VSS 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 20h VSS SCL VDD 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 22h VSS SDA VSS 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 24h VSS SDA VDD 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 26h VDD SCL VSS 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 28h VDD SCL VDD 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 2Ah VDD SDA VSS 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 2Ch VDD SDA VDD 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 2Eh VSS SCL SCL 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 30h VSS SCL SDA 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 32h VSS SDA SCL 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 34h VSS SDA SDA 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 36h VDD SCL SCL 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 38h VDD SCL SDA 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 3Ah VDD SDA SCL 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 3Ch VDD SDA SDA 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 3Eh VSS VSS VSS 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 40h VSS VSS VDD 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 42h VSS VDD VSS 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 44h VSS VDD VDD 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 46h VDD VSS VSS 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 48h VDD VSS VDD 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 4Ah VDD VDD VSS 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 4Ch VDD VDD VDD 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 4Eh PCA9674_PCA9674A_5 Product data sheet © NXP B.V. 2009. All rights reserved. Rev. 05 — 15 June 2009 7 of 32 PCA9674/74A NXP Semiconductors Remote 8-bit I/O expander for Fm+ I2C-bus with interrupt Table 5. PCA9674 address map …continued AD2 AD1 AD0 A6 A5 A4 A3 A2 A1 A0 Address VSS VSS SCL 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 50h VSS VSS SDA 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 52h VSS VDD SCL 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 54h VSS VDD SDA 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 56h VDD VSS SCL 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 58h VDD VSS SDA 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 5Ah VDD VDD SCL 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 5Ch VDD VDD SDA 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 5Eh SCL SCL VSS 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 A0h SCL SCL VDD 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 A2h SCL SDA VSS 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 A4h SCL SDA VDD 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 A6h SDA SCL VSS 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 A8h SDA SCL VDD 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 AAh SDA SDA VSS 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 ACh SDA SDA VDD 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 AEh SCL SCL SCL 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 B0h SCL SCL SDA 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 B2h SCL SDA SCL 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 B4h SCL SDA SDA 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 B6h SDA SCL SCL 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 B8h SDA SCL SDA 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 BAh SDA SDA SCL 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 BCh SDA SDA SDA 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 BEh SCL VSS VSS 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 C0h SCL VSS VDD 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 C2h SCL VDD VSS 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 C4h SCL VDD VDD 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 C6h SDA VSS VSS 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 C8h SDA VSS VDD 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 CAh SDA VDD VSS 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 CCh SDA VDD VDD 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 CEh SCL VSS SCL 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 E0h SCL VSS SDA 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 E2h SCL VDD SCL 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 E4h SCL VDD SDA 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 E6h SDA VSS SCL 1 1 1 0 1 0 0 E8h SDA VSS SDA 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 EAh SDA VDD SCL 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 ECh SDA VDD SDA 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 EEh PCA9674_PCA9674A_5 Product data sheet © NXP B.V. 2009. All rights reserved. Rev. 05 — 15 June 2009 8 of 32 PCA9674/74A NXP Semiconductors Remote 8-bit I/O expander for Fm+ I2C-bus with interrupt Table 6. PCA9674A address map AD2 AD1 AD0 A6 A5 A4 A3 A2 A1 A0 Address VSS SCL VSS 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 10h VSS SCL VDD 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 12h VSS SDA VSS 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 14h VSS SDA VDD 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 16h VDD SCL VSS 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 18h VDD SCL VDD 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 1Ah VDD SDA VSS 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 1Ch VDD SDA VDD 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1Eh VSS SCL SCL 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 60h VSS SCL SDA 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 62h VSS SDA SCL 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 64h VSS SDA SDA 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 66h VDD SCL SCL 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 68h VDD SCL SDA 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 6Ah VDD SDA SCL 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 6Ch VDD SDA SDA 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 6Eh VSS VSS VSS 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 70h VSS VSS VDD 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 72h VSS VDD VSS 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 74h VSS VDD VDD 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 76h VDD VSS VSS 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 78h VDD VSS VDD 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 7Ah VDD VDD VSS 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 7Ch VDD VDD VDD 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 7Eh VSS VSS SCL 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 80h VSS VSS SDA 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 82h VSS VDD SCL 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 84h VSS VDD SDA 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 86h VDD VSS SCL 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 88h VDD VSS SDA 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 8Ah VDD VDD SCL 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 8Ch VDD VDD SDA 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 8Eh SCL SCL VSS 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 90h SCL SCL VDD 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 92h SCL SDA VSS 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 94h SCL SDA VDD 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 96h SDA SCL VSS 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 98h SDA SCL VDD 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 9Ah SDA SDA VSS 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 9Ch SDA SDA VDD 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 9Eh PCA9674_PCA9674A_5 Product data sheet © NXP B.V. 2009. All rights reserved. Rev. 05 — 15 June 2009 9 of 32 PCA9674/74A NXP Semiconductors Remote 8-bit I/O expander for Fm+ I2C-bus with interrupt Table 6. PCA9674A address map …continued AD2 AD1 AD0 A6 A5 A4 A3 A2 A1 A0 Address SCL SCL SCL 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 D0h SCL SCL SDA 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 D2h SCL SDA SCL 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 D4h SCL SDA SDA 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 D6h SDA SCL SCL 1 1 1 0 1 0 0 D8h SDA SCL SDA 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 DAh SDA SDA SCL 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 DCh SDA SDA SDA 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 DEh SCL VSS VSS 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 F0h SCL VSS VDD 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 F2h SCL VDD VSS 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 F4h SCL VDD VDD 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 F6h SDA VSS VSS 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 -[1] SDA VSS VDD 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 FAh SDA VDD VSS 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 FCh SDA VDD VDD 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 FEh SCL VSS SCL 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -[1] SCL VSS SDA 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 02h SCL VDD SCL 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 04h SCL VDD SDA 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 06h SDA VSS SCL 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 08h SDA VSS SDA 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0Ah SDA VDD SCL 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0Ch SDA VDD SDA 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0Eh [1] The PCA9674A does not acknowledge when AD2, AD1, AD0 follows this configuration. 7.2 Software Reset Call, and device ID addresses Two other different addresses can be sent to the PCA9674/74A. • General Call address: allows to reset the PCA9674/74A through the I2C-bus upon reception of the right I2C-bus sequence. See Section 7.2.1 “Software Reset” for more information. • Device ID address: allows to read ID information from the device (manufacturer, part identification, revision). See Section 7.2.2 “Device ID (PCA9674/74A ID field)” for more information. R/W 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 002aac115 Fig 8. General Call address PCA9674_PCA9674A_5 Product data sheet © NXP B.V. 2009. All rights reserved. Rev. 05 — 15 June 2009 10 of 32 PCA9674/74A NXP Semiconductors Remote 8-bit I/O expander for Fm+ I2C-bus with interrupt 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 R/W 002aac116 Fig 9. Device ID address 7.2.1 Software Reset The Software Reset Call allows all the devices in the I2C-bus to be reset to the power-up state value through a specific formatted I2C-bus command. To be performed correctly, it implies that the I2C-bus is functional and that there is no device hanging the bus. The Software Reset sequence is defined as following: 1. A START command is sent by the I2C-bus master. 2. The reserved General Call I2C-bus address ‘0000 000’ with the R/W bit set to 0 (write) is sent by the I2C-bus master. 3. The PCA9674/74A device(s) acknowledge(s) after seeing the General Call address ‘0000 0000’ (00h) only. If the R/W bit is set to 1 (read), no acknowledge is returned to the I2C-bus master. 4. Once the General Call address has been sent and acknowledged, the master sends 1 byte. The value of the byte must be equal to 06h. a. The PCA9674/74A acknowledges this value only. If the byte is not equal to 06h, the PCA9674/74A does not acknowledge it. If more than 1 byte of data is sent, the PCA9674/74A does not acknowledge any more. 5. Once the right byte has been sent and correctly acknowledged, the master sends a STOP command to end the Software Reset sequence: the PCA9674/74A then resets to the default value (power-up value) and is ready to be addressed again within the specified bus free time. If the master sends a Repeated START instead, no reset is performed. The I2C-bus master must interpret a non-acknowledge from the PCA9674/74A (at any time) as a ‘Software Reset Abort’. The PCA9674/74A does not initiate a reset of its registers. The unique sequence that initiates a Software Reset is described in Figure 10. SWRST Call I2C-bus address S 0 0 0 0 0 START condition 0 0 SWRST data = 06h 0 A R/W acknowledge from slave(s) 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 A P acknowledge from slave(s) PCA9674/74A is(are) reset. Registers are set to default power-up values. 002aac262 Fig 10. Software Reset sequence PCA9674_PCA9674A_5 Product data sheet © NXP B.V. 2009. All rights reserved. Rev. 05 — 15 June 2009 11 of 32 PCA9674/74A NXP Semiconductors Remote 8-bit I/O expander for Fm+ I2C-bus with interrupt 7.2.2 Device ID (PCA9674/74A ID field) The Device ID field is a 3-byte read-only (24 bits) word giving the following information: • 8 bits with the manufacturer name, unique per manufacturer (for example, NXP). • 13 bits with the part identification, assigned by manufacturer, the 7 MSBs with the category ID and the 6 LSBs with the feature ID (for example, for example PCA9674/74A 16-bit quasi-output I/O expander). • 3 bits with the die revision, assigned by manufacturer (for example, Rev X). The Device ID is read-only, hardwired in the device and can be accessed as follows: 1. START command 2. The master sends the Reserved Device ID I2C-bus address ‘1111 100’ with the R/W bit set to 0 (write). 3. The master sends the I2C-bus slave address of the slave device it needs to identify. The LSB is a ‘Don’t care’ value. Only one device must acknowledge this byte (the one that has the I2C-bus slave address). 4. The master sends a Re-START command. Remark: A STOP command followed by a START command will reset the slave state machine and the Device ID read cannot be performed. Remark: A STOP command or a Re-START command followed by an access to another slave device will reset the slave state machine and the Device ID read cannot be performed. 5. The master sends the Reserved Device ID I2C-bus address ‘1111 100’ with the R/W bit set to 1 (read). 6. The device ID read can be done, starting with the 8 manufacturer bits (first byte + 4 MSB of the second byte), followed by the 13 part identification bits and then the 3 die revision bits (3 LSB of the third byte). 7. The master ends the reading sequence by NACKing the last byte, thus resetting the slave device state machine and allowing the master to send the STOP command. Remark: The reading of the Device ID can be stopped anytime by sending a NACK command. Remark: If the master continues to ACK the bytes after the third byte, the PCA9674/74A rolls back to the first byte and keeps sending the Device ID sequence until a NACK has been detected. For the PCA9674/74A, the Device ID is as shown in Figure 11. part identification 0 0 manufacturer 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 category identification feature identification revision 0 0 0 002aac118 Fig 11. PCA9674/74A ID PCA9674_PCA9674A_5 Product data sheet © NXP B.V. 2009. All rights reserved. Rev. 05 — 15 June 2009 12 of 32 PCA9674/74A NXP Semiconductors Remote 8-bit I/O expander for Fm+ I2C-bus with interrupt acknowledge from slave to be identified acknowledge from one or several slave(s) S 1 1 1 1 START condition 1 0 acknowledge from slave to be identified don't care device ID address 0 0 A A6 A5 A4 A3 A2 A1 A0 X R/W I2C-bus slave address of the device to be identified acknowledge from master A 1 1 1 1 1 0 device ID address acknowledge from master 0 1 A R/W no acknowledge from master M7 M6 M5 M4 M3 M2 M1 M0 A C6 C5 C4 C3 C2 C1 C0 F5 A F4 P3 P2 P1 P0 R2 R1 R0 A category identification = 0000001 manufacturer name = 00000000 P revision = 000 feature identification = 001011 STOP condition 002aac119 If more than 2 bytes are read, the slave device loops back to the first byte (manufacturer byte) and keeps sending data until the master generates a ‘no acknowledge’. Fig 12. Device ID field reading 8. I/O programming 8.1 Quasi-bidirectional I/O architecture The PCA9674/74A’s 8 ports (see Figure 2) are entirely independent and can be used either as input or output ports. Input data is transferred from the ports to the microcontroller in the Read mode (see Figure 14). Output data is transmitted to the ports in the Write mode (see Figure 13). This quasi-bidirectional I/O can be used as an input or output without the use of a control signal for data directions. At power-on the I/Os are HIGH. In this mode only a current source (IOH) to VDD is active. An additional strong pull-up to VDD (Itrt(pu)) allows fast rising edges into heavily loaded outputs. These devices turn on when an output is written HIGH, and are switched off by the negative edge of SCL. The I/Os should be HIGH before being used as inputs. After power-on, as all the I/Os are set HIGH, all of them can be used as inputs. Any change in setting of the I/Os as either inputs or outputs can be done with the write mode. Remark: If a HIGH is applied to an I/O which has been written earlier to LOW, a large current (IOL) will flow to VSS. 8.2 Writing to the port (Output mode) To write, the master (microcontroller) first addresses the slave device. By setting the last bit of the byte containing the slave address to logic 0 the write mode is entered. The PCA9674/74A acknowledges and the master sends the data byte for P7 to P0 and is acknowledged by the PCA9674/74A. The 8-bit data is presented on the port lines after it has been acknowledged by the PCA9674/74A. The number of data bytes that can be sent successively is not limited. The previous data is overwritten every time a data byte has been sent. PCA9674_PCA9674A_5 Product data sheet © NXP B.V. 2009. All rights reserved. Rev. 05 — 15 June 2009 13 of 32 PCA9674/74A NXP Semiconductors Remote 8-bit I/O expander for Fm+ I2C-bus with interrupt SCL 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 slave address data 1 SDA S A6 A5 A4 A3 A2 A1 A0 0 START condition R/W data 2 A P7 P6 1 P4 P3 P2 P1 P0 A P7 P6 0 P4 P3 P2 P1 P0 A P5 acknowledge from slave P5 acknowledge from slave acknowledge from slave write to port tv(Q) data output from port tv(Q) DATA 1 VALID DATA 2 VALID P5 output voltage Itrt(pu) P5 pull-up output current IOH INT td(rst) 002aae524 Fig 13. Write mode (output) 8.3 Reading from a port (Input mode) All ports programmed as input should be set to logic 1. To read, the master (microcontroller) first addresses the slave device after it receives the interrupt. By setting the last bit of the byte containing the slave address to logic 1 the Read mode is entered. The data bytes that follow on the SDA are the values on the ports. If the data on the input port changes faster than the master can read, this data may be lost. slave address data from port SDA S A6 A5 A4 A3 A2 A1 A0 1 START condition R/W A data from port A DATA 1 DATA 4 1 P STOP condition acknowledge from master acknowledge from slave no acknowledge from master read from port DATA 2 data into port DATA 3 th(D) DATA 4 tsu(D) INT tv(D) td(rst) td(rst) 002aae525 A LOW-to-HIGH transition of SDA while SCL is HIGH is defined as the STOP condition (P). Transfer of data can be stopped at any moment by a STOP condition. When this occurs, data present at the last acknowledge phase is valid (Output mode). Input data is lost. Fig 14. Read input port register PCA9674_PCA9674A_5 Product data sheet © NXP B.V. 2009. All rights reserved. Rev. 05 — 15 June 2009 14 of 32 PCA9674/74A NXP Semiconductors Remote 8-bit I/O expander for Fm+ I2C-bus with interrupt 8.4 Power-on reset When power is applied to VDD, an internal Power-On Reset (POR) holds the PCA9674/74A in a reset condition until VDD has reached VPOR. At that point, the reset condition is released and the PCA9674/74A registers and I2C-bus/SMBus state machine will initialize to their default states. Thereafter VDD must be lowered below 0.2 V to reset the device. 8.5 Interrupt output (INT) The PCA9674/74A provides an open-drain interrupt (INT) which can be fed to a corresponding input of the microcontroller (see Figure 13, Figure 14, and Figure 15). This gives these chips a kind of master function which can initiate an action elsewhere in the system. An interrupt is generated by any rising or falling edge of the port inputs. After time tv(D) the signal INT is valid. The interrupt disappears when data on the port is changed to the original setting or data is read from or written to the device which has generated the interrupt. In the write mode, the interrupt may become deactivated (HIGH) on the rising edge of the write to port pulse. On the falling edge of the write to port pulse the interrupt is definitely deactivated (HIGH). The interrupt is reset in the read mode on the rising edge of the read from port pulse. During the resetting of the interrupt itself, any changes on the I/Os may not generate an interrupt. After the interrupt is reset any change in I/Os will be detected and transmitted as an INT. VDD device 1 device 2 device 8 PCA9674 PCA9674 PCA9674 INT INT INT MICROCOMPUTER INT 002aac122 Fig 15. Application of multiple PCA9674s with interrupt PCA9674_PCA9674A_5 Product data sheet © NXP B.V. 2009. All rights reserved. Rev. 05 — 15 June 2009 15 of 32 PCA9674/74A NXP Semiconductors Remote 8-bit I/O expander for Fm+ I2C-bus with interrupt 9. Characteristics of the I2C-bus The I2C-bus is for 2-way, 2-line communication between different ICs or modules. The two lines are a serial data line (SDA) and a serial clock line (SCL). Both lines must be connected to a positive supply via a pull-up resistor when connected to the output stages of a device. Data transfer may be initiated only when the bus is not busy. 9.1 Bit transfer One data bit is transferred during each clock pulse. The data on the SDA line must remain stable during the HIGH period of the clock pulse as changes in the data line at this time will be interpreted as control signals (see Figure 16). SDA SCL data line stable; data valid change of data allowed mba607 Fig 16. Bit transfer 9.1.1 START and STOP conditions Both data and clock lines remain HIGH when the bus is not busy. A HIGH-to-LOW transition of the data line while the clock is HIGH is defined as the START condition (S). A LOW-to-HIGH transition of the data line while the clock is HIGH is defined as the STOP condition (P) (see Figure 17). SDA SCL S P START condition STOP condition mba608 Fig 17. Definition of START and STOP conditions 9.2 System configuration A device generating a message is a ‘transmitter’; a device receiving is the ‘receiver’. The device that controls the message is the ‘master’ and the devices which are controlled by the master are the ‘slaves’ (see Figure 18). PCA9674_PCA9674A_5 Product data sheet © NXP B.V. 2009. All rights reserved. Rev. 05 — 15 June 2009 16 of 32 PCA9674/74A NXP Semiconductors Remote 8-bit I/O expander for Fm+ I2C-bus with interrupt SDA SCL MASTER TRANSMITTER/ RECEIVER SLAVE RECEIVER SLAVE TRANSMITTER/ RECEIVER MASTER TRANSMITTER MASTER TRANSMITTER/ RECEIVER I2C-BUS MULTIPLEXER SLAVE 002aaa966 Fig 18. System configuration 9.3 Acknowledge The number of data bytes transferred between the START and the STOP conditions from transmitter to receiver is not limited. Each byte of eight bits is followed by one acknowledge bit. The acknowledge bit is a HIGH level put on the bus by the transmitter, whereas the master generates an extra acknowledge related clock pulse. A slave receiver which is addressed must generate an acknowledge after the reception of each byte. Also a master must generate an acknowledge after the reception of each byte that has been clocked out of the slave transmitter. The device that acknowledges has to pull down the SDA line during the acknowledge clock pulse, so that the SDA line is stable LOW during the HIGH period of the acknowledge related clock pulse; set-up and hold times must be taken into account. A master receiver must signal an end of data to the transmitter by not generating an acknowledge on the last byte that has been clocked out of the slave. In this event, the transmitter must leave the data line HIGH to enable the master to generate a STOP condition. data output by transmitter not acknowledge data output by receiver acknowledge SCL from master 1 S START condition 2 8 9 clock pulse for acknowledgement 002aaa987 Fig 19. Acknowledgement on the I2C-bus PCA9674_PCA9674A_5 Product data sheet © NXP B.V. 2009. All rights reserved. Rev. 05 — 15 June 2009 17 of 32 PCA9674/74A NXP Semiconductors Remote 8-bit I/O expander for Fm+ I2C-bus with interrupt 10. Application design-in information 10.1 Bidirectional I/O expander applications In the 8-bit I/O expander application shown in Figure 20, P0 and P1 are inputs, and P2 to P7 are outputs. When used in this configuration, during a write, the input (P0 and P1) must be written as HIGH so the external devices fully control the input ports. The desired HIGH or LOW logic levels may be written to the I/Os used as outputs (P2 to P7). During a read, the logic levels of the external devices driving the input ports (P0 and P1) and the previous written logic level to the output ports (P2 to P7) will be read. The GPIO also has an interrupt line (INT) that can be connected to the interrupt logic of the microprocessor. By sending an interrupt signal on this line, the remote I/O informs the microprocessor that there is incoming data or a change of data on its ports without having to communicate via the I2C-bus. VDD VDD VDD P0 P1 P2 P3 P4 P5 P6 P7 SDA SCL INT CORE PROCESSOR AD0 AD1 AD2 temperature sensor battery status control for latch control for switch control for audio control for camera control for MP3 002aac123 Fig 20. Bidirectional I/O expander application 10.2 High current-drive load applications The GPIO has a maximum sinking current of 25 mA per bit. In applications requiring additional drive, two port pins in the same octal may be connected together to sink up to 50 mA current. Both bits must then always be turned on or off together. Up to 8 pins (one octal) can be connected together to drive 200 mA. VDD CORE PROCESSOR VDD SDA SCL INT AD0 AD1 AD2 VDD P0 P1 P2 P3 P4 P5 P6 P7 LOAD 002aac124 Fig 21. High current-drive load application PCA9674_PCA9674A_5 Product data sheet © NXP B.V. 2009. All rights reserved. Rev. 05 — 15 June 2009 18 of 32 PCA9674/74A NXP Semiconductors Remote 8-bit I/O expander for Fm+ I2C-bus with interrupt 11. Limiting values Table 7. Limiting values In accordance with the Absolute Maximum Rating System (IEC 60134). Symbol Parameter VDD Conditions Min Max Unit supply voltage −0.5 +6 V IDD supply current - ±100 mA ISS ground supply current - ±400 mA VI input voltage VSS − 0.5 5.5 V II input current - ±20 mA IO output current - ±50 mA Ptot total power dissipation - 400 mW P/out power dissipation per output - 100 mW Tstg storage temperature −65 +150 °C Tamb ambient temperature −40 +85 °C [1] [1] operating Total package (maximum) output current is 400 mA. PCA9674_PCA9674A_5 Product data sheet © NXP B.V. 2009. All rights reserved. Rev. 05 — 15 June 2009 19 of 32 PCA9674/74A NXP Semiconductors Remote 8-bit I/O expander for Fm+ I2C-bus with interrupt 12. Static characteristics Table 8. Static characteristics VDD = 2.3 V to 5.5 V; VSS = 0 V; Tamb = −40 °C to +85 °C; unless otherwise specified. Symbol Parameter Conditions Min Typ Max Unit Supplies VDD supply voltage 2.3 - 5.5 V IDD supply current Operating mode; no load; VI = VDD or VSS; fSCL = 1 MHz; AD0, AD1, AD2 = static H or L - 200 500 µA Istb standby current Standby mode; no load; VI = VDD or VSS; fSCL = 0 kHz - 4.5 10 µA VPOR power-on reset voltage - 1.8 2.0 V [1] Input SCL; input/output SDA VIL LOW-level input voltage −0.5 - +0.3VDD V VIH HIGH-level input voltage 0.7VDD - 5.5 V IOL LOW-level output current VOL = 0.4 V; VDD = 2.3 V 20 35 - mA VOL = 0.4 V; VDD = 3.0 V 25 44 - mA VOL = 0.4 V; VDD = 4.5 V 30 57 - mA IL leakage current VI = VDD or VSS −1 - +1 µA Ci input capacitance VI = VSS - 5 10 pF I/Os; P0 to P7 VOL = 0.5 V; VDD = 2.3 V [2] 12 26 - mA VOL = 0.5 V; VDD = 3.0 V [2] 17 33 - mA VOL = 0.5 V; VDD = 4.5 V [2] 25 40 - mA [2] - - 200 mA −30 −138 −300 µA −0.5 −1.0 - mA input capacitance [3] - 2.1 10 pF output capacitance [3] - 2.1 10 pF 3.0 - - mA - 3 5 pF LOW-level output current IOL IOL(tot) total LOW-level output current VOL = 0.5 V; VDD = 4.5 V IOH HIGH-level output current VOH = VSS Itrt(pu) transient boosted pull-up current VOH = VSS; see Figure 13 Ci Co Interrupt INT (see Figure 14 and Figure 13) IOL LOW-level output current Co output capacitance VOL = 0.4 V Inputs AD0, AD1, AD2 VIL LOW-level input voltage −0.5 - +0.3VDD V VIH HIGH-level input voltage 0.7VDD - 5.5 V ILI input leakage current −1 - +1 µA Ci input capacitance - 3.5 5 pF [1] VDD must be lowered to 0.2 V or less in order to reset part. [2] Each bit must be limited to a maximum of 25 mA and the total package limited to 200 mA due to internal busing limits. [3] The value is verified by characterization. PCA9674_PCA9674A_5 Product data sheet © NXP B.V. 2009. All rights reserved. Rev. 05 — 15 June 2009 20 of 32 PCA9674/74A NXP Semiconductors Remote 8-bit I/O expander for Fm+ I2C-bus with interrupt 13. Dynamic characteristics Table 9. Dynamic characteristics VDD = 2.3 V to 5.5 V; VSS = 0 V; Tamb = −40 °C to +85 °C; unless otherwise specified. Symbol Parameter Standard mode Fast mode I2C-bus Fast-mode Plus Unit I2C-bus I2C-bus Conditions Min Max Min Max Min Max 0 100 0 400 0 1000 bus free time between a STOP and START condition 4.7 - 1.3 - 0.5 - µs tHD;STA hold time (repeated) START condition 4.0 - 0.6 - 0.26 - µs tSU;STA set-up time for a repeated START condition 4.7 - 0.6 - 0.26 - µs tSU;STO set-up time for STOP condition 4.0 - 0.6 - 0.26 - µs tHD;DAT data hold time 0 - 0 - 0 - ns tVD;ACK data valid acknowledge time[1] 0.3 3.45 0.1 0.9 0.05 0.45 µs tVD;DAT data valid time[2] 300 - 50 - 50 450 ns tSU;DAT data set-up time 250 - 100 - 50 - ns tLOW LOW period of the SCL clock 4.7 - 1.3 - 0.5 - µs tHIGH HIGH period of the SCL clock 4.0 - 0.6 - 0.26 - µs tf fall time of both SDA and SCL signals - 300 20 + 0.1Cb[3] 300 - 120 ns tr rise time of both SDA and SCL signals - 1000 20 + 0.1Cb[3] 300 - 120 ns tSP pulse width of spikes that must be suppressed by the input filter[6] - 50 - 50 - 50 ns fSCL SCL clock frequency tBUF [4][5] kHz Port timing; CL ≤ 100 pF (see Figure 13 and Figure 14) tv(Q) data output valid time - 4 - 4 - 4 µs tsu(D) data input set-up time 0 - 0 - 0 - µs th(D) data input hold time 4 - 4 - 4 - µs Interrupt timing; CL ≤ 100 pF (see Figure 13 and Figure 14) tv(D) data input valid time - 4 - 4 - 4 µs td(rst) reset delay time - 4 - 4 - 4 µs [1] tVD;ACK = time for Acknowledgement signal from SCL LOW to SDA (out) LOW. [2] tVD;DAT = minimum time for SDA data out to be valid following SCL LOW. [3] Cb = total capacitance of one bus line in pF. [4] A master device must internally provide a hold time of at least 300 ns for the SDA signal (refer to the VIL of the SCL signal) in order to bridge the undefined region SCL’s falling edge. [5] The maximum tf for the SDA and SCL bus lines is specified at 300 ns. The maximum fall time for the SDA output stage tf is specified at 250 ns. This allows series protection resistors to be connected between the SDA and the SCL pins and the SDA/SCL bus lines without exceeding the maximum specified tf. [6] Input filters on the SDA and SCL inputs suppress noise spikes less than 50 ns. PCA9674_PCA9674A_5 Product data sheet © NXP B.V. 2009. All rights reserved. Rev. 05 — 15 June 2009 21 of 32 PCA9674/74A NXP Semiconductors Remote 8-bit I/O expander for Fm+ I2C-bus with interrupt protocol START condition (S) tSU;STA bit 7 MSB (A7) tLOW bit 6 (A6) tHIGH bit 0 (R/W) acknowledge (A) STOP condition (P) 1/f SCL SCL tBUF tr tf SDA tHD;STA tSU;DAT tHD;DAT tVD;DAT tVD;ACK tSU;STO 002aab175 Rise and fall times refer to VIL and VIH. Fig 22. I2C-bus timing diagram PCA9674_PCA9674A_5 Product data sheet © NXP B.V. 2009. All rights reserved. Rev. 05 — 15 June 2009 22 of 32 PCA9674/74A NXP Semiconductors Remote 8-bit I/O expander for Fm+ I2C-bus with interrupt 14. Package outline HVQFN16: plastic thermal enhanced very thin quad flat package; no leads; 16 terminals; body 3 x 3 x 0.85 mm A B D SOT758-1 terminal 1 index area A E A1 c detail X e1 C 1/2 e e 5 y y1 C v M C A B w M C b 8 L 4 9 e e2 Eh 1/2 e 12 1 16 terminal 1 index area 13 Dh X 0 2.5 5 mm scale DIMENSIONS (mm are the original dimensions) UNIT mm A(1) max. A1 b 1 0.05 0.00 0.30 0.18 c D (1) Dh E (1) Eh 0.2 3.1 2.9 1.75 1.45 3.1 2.9 1.75 1.45 e e1 1.5 0.5 e2 L v w y y1 1.5 0.5 0.3 0.1 0.05 0.05 0.1 Note 1. Plastic or metal protrusions of 0.075 mm maximum per side are not included. REFERENCES OUTLINE VERSION IEC JEDEC JEITA SOT758-1 --- MO-220 --- EUROPEAN PROJECTION ISSUE DATE 02-03-25 02-10-21 Fig 23. Package outline SOT758-1 (HVQFN16) PCA9674_PCA9674A_5 Product data sheet © NXP B.V. 2009. All rights reserved. Rev. 05 — 15 June 2009 23 of 32 PCA9674/74A NXP Semiconductors Remote 8-bit I/O expander for Fm+ I2C-bus with interrupt SO16: plastic small outline package; 16 leads; body width 7.5 mm SOT162-1 D E A X c HE y v M A Z 16 9 Q A2 A (A 3) A1 pin 1 index θ Lp L 8 1 e detail X w M bp 0 5 10 mm scale DIMENSIONS (inch dimensions are derived from the original mm dimensions) UNIT A max. A1 A2 A3 bp c D (1) E (1) e HE L Lp Q v w y mm 2.65 0.3 0.1 2.45 2.25 0.25 0.49 0.36 0.32 0.23 10.5 10.1 7.6 7.4 1.27 10.65 10.00 1.4 1.1 0.4 1.1 1.0 0.25 0.25 0.1 0.01 0.019 0.013 0.014 0.009 0.41 0.40 0.30 0.29 0.05 0.419 0.043 0.055 0.394 0.016 inches 0.1 0.012 0.096 0.004 0.089 0.043 0.039 0.01 0.01 Z (1) 0.9 0.4 0.035 0.004 0.016 θ 8o o 0 Note 1. Plastic or metal protrusions of 0.15 mm (0.006 inch) maximum per side are not included. REFERENCES OUTLINE VERSION IEC JEDEC SOT162-1 075E03 MS-013 JEITA EUROPEAN PROJECTION ISSUE DATE 99-12-27 03-02-19 Fig 24. Package outline SOT162-1 (SO16) PCA9674_PCA9674A_5 Product data sheet © NXP B.V. 2009. All rights reserved. Rev. 05 — 15 June 2009 24 of 32 PCA9674/74A NXP Semiconductors Remote 8-bit I/O expander for Fm+ I2C-bus with interrupt TSSOP16: plastic thin shrink small outline package; 16 leads; body width 4.4 mm SOT403-1 E D A X c y HE v M A Z 9 16 Q (A 3) A2 A A1 pin 1 index θ Lp L 1 8 e detail X w M bp 0 2.5 5 mm scale DIMENSIONS (mm are the original dimensions) UNIT A max. A1 A2 A3 bp c D (1) E (2) e HE L Lp Q v w y Z (1) θ mm 1.1 0.15 0.05 0.95 0.80 0.25 0.30 0.19 0.2 0.1 5.1 4.9 4.5 4.3 0.65 6.6 6.2 1 0.75 0.50 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.13 0.1 0.40 0.06 8 o 0 o Notes 1. Plastic or metal protrusions of 0.15 mm maximum per side are not included. 2. Plastic interlead protrusions of 0.25 mm maximum per side are not included. OUTLINE VERSION SOT403-1 REFERENCES IEC JEDEC JEITA EUROPEAN PROJECTION ISSUE DATE 99-12-27 03-02-18 MO-153 Fig 25. Package outline SOT403-1 (TSSOP16) PCA9674_PCA9674A_5 Product data sheet © NXP B.V. 2009. All rights reserved. Rev. 05 — 15 June 2009 25 of 32 PCA9674/74A NXP Semiconductors Remote 8-bit I/O expander for Fm+ I2C-bus with interrupt SSOP20: plastic shrink small outline package; 20 leads; body width 4.4 mm D SOT266-1 E A X c y HE v M A Z 11 20 Q A2 A (A 3) A1 pin 1 index θ Lp L 1 10 detail X w M bp e 0 2.5 5 mm scale DIMENSIONS (mm are the original dimensions) UNIT A max. A1 A2 A3 bp c D (1) E (1) e HE L Lp Q v w y Z (1) θ mm 1.5 0.15 0 1.4 1.2 0.25 0.32 0.20 0.20 0.13 6.6 6.4 4.5 4.3 0.65 6.6 6.2 1 0.75 0.45 0.65 0.45 0.2 0.13 0.1 0.48 0.18 10 o 0 o Note 1. Plastic or metal protrusions of 0.20 mm maximum per side are not included. OUTLINE VERSION SOT266-1 REFERENCES IEC JEDEC JEITA EUROPEAN PROJECTION ISSUE DATE 99-12-27 03-02-19 MO-152 Fig 26. Package outline SOT266-1 (SSOP20) PCA9674_PCA9674A_5 Product data sheet © NXP B.V. 2009. All rights reserved. Rev. 05 — 15 June 2009 26 of 32 PCA9674/74A NXP Semiconductors Remote 8-bit I/O expander for Fm+ I2C-bus with interrupt 15. Handling information All input and output pins are protected against ElectroStatic Discharge (ESD) under normal handling. When handling ensure that the appropriate precautions are taken as described in JESD625-A or equivalent standards. 16. Soldering of SMD packages This text provides a very brief insight into a complex technology. A more in-depth account of soldering ICs can be found in Application Note AN10365 “Surface mount reflow soldering description”. 16.1 Introduction to soldering Soldering is one of the most common methods through which packages are attached to Printed Circuit Boards (PCBs), to form electrical circuits. The soldered joint provides both the mechanical and the electrical connection. There is no single soldering method that is ideal for all IC packages. Wave soldering is often preferred when through-hole and Surface Mount Devices (SMDs) are mixed on one printed wiring board; however, it is not suitable for fine pitch SMDs. Reflow soldering is ideal for the small pitches and high densities that come with increased miniaturization. 16.2 Wave and reflow soldering Wave soldering is a joining technology in which the joints are made by solder coming from a standing wave of liquid solder. The wave soldering process is suitable for the following: • Through-hole components • Leaded or leadless SMDs, which are glued to the surface of the printed circuit board Not all SMDs can be wave soldered. Packages with solder balls, and some leadless packages which have solder lands underneath the body, cannot be wave soldered. Also, leaded SMDs with leads having a pitch smaller than ~0.6 mm cannot be wave soldered, due to an increased probability of bridging. The reflow soldering process involves applying solder paste to a board, followed by component placement and exposure to a temperature profile. Leaded packages, packages with solder balls, and leadless packages are all reflow solderable. Key characteristics in both wave and reflow soldering are: • • • • • • Board specifications, including the board finish, solder masks and vias Package footprints, including solder thieves and orientation The moisture sensitivity level of the packages Package placement Inspection and repair Lead-free soldering versus SnPb soldering 16.3 Wave soldering Key characteristics in wave soldering are: PCA9674_PCA9674A_5 Product data sheet © NXP B.V. 2009. All rights reserved. Rev. 05 — 15 June 2009 27 of 32 PCA9674/74A NXP Semiconductors Remote 8-bit I/O expander for Fm+ I2C-bus with interrupt • Process issues, such as application of adhesive and flux, clinching of leads, board transport, the solder wave parameters, and the time during which components are exposed to the wave • Solder bath specifications, including temperature and impurities 16.4 Reflow soldering Key characteristics in reflow soldering are: • Lead-free versus SnPb soldering; note that a lead-free reflow process usually leads to higher minimum peak temperatures (see Figure 27) than a SnPb process, thus reducing the process window • Solder paste printing issues including smearing, release, and adjusting the process window for a mix of large and small components on one board • Reflow temperature profile; this profile includes preheat, reflow (in which the board is heated to the peak temperature) and cooling down. It is imperative that the peak temperature is high enough for the solder to make reliable solder joints (a solder paste characteristic). In addition, the peak temperature must be low enough that the packages and/or boards are not damaged. The peak temperature of the package depends on package thickness and volume and is classified in accordance with Table 10 and 11 Table 10. SnPb eutectic process (from J-STD-020C) Package thickness (mm) Package reflow temperature (°C) Volume (mm3) < 350 ≥ 350 < 2.5 235 220 ≥ 2.5 220 220 Table 11. Lead-free process (from J-STD-020C) Package thickness (mm) Package reflow temperature (°C) Volume (mm3) < 350 350 to 2000 > 2000 < 1.6 260 260 260 1.6 to 2.5 260 250 245 > 2.5 250 245 245 Moisture sensitivity precautions, as indicated on the packing, must be respected at all times. Studies have shown that small packages reach higher temperatures during reflow soldering, see Figure 27. PCA9674_PCA9674A_5 Product data sheet © NXP B.V. 2009. All rights reserved. Rev. 05 — 15 June 2009 28 of 32 PCA9674/74A NXP Semiconductors Remote 8-bit I/O expander for Fm+ I2C-bus with interrupt maximum peak temperature = MSL limit, damage level temperature minimum peak temperature = minimum soldering temperature peak temperature time 001aac844 MSL: Moisture Sensitivity Level Fig 27. Temperature profiles for large and small components For further information on temperature profiles, refer to Application Note AN10365 “Surface mount reflow soldering description”. 17. Abbreviations Table 12. Abbreviations Acronym Description CDM Charged Device Model ESD ElectroStatic Discharge GPIO General Purpose Input/Output HBM Human Body Model LED Light Emitting Diode IC Integrated Circuit I2C-bus Inter-Integrated Circuit bus ID Identification LSB Least Significant Bit MM Machine Model MSB Most Significant Bit PLC Programmable Logic Controller PWM Pulse Width Modulation SMBus System Management Bus PCA9674_PCA9674A_5 Product data sheet © NXP B.V. 2009. All rights reserved. Rev. 05 — 15 June 2009 29 of 32 PCA9674/74A NXP Semiconductors Remote 8-bit I/O expander for Fm+ I2C-bus with interrupt 18. Revision history Table 13. Revision history Document ID Release date Data sheet status Change notice Supersedes PCA9674_PCA9674A_5 20090615 Product data sheet - PCA9674_PCA9674A_4 Modifications: • Table 8 “Static characteristics”: – Table note [1] re-written. – Table note [3] re-written. PCA9674_PCA9674A_4 20090303 Product data sheet - PCA9674_PCA9674A_3 PCA9674_PCA9674A_3 20070907 Product data sheet - PCA9674_PCA9674A_2 PCA9674_PCA9674A_2 20061012 Product data sheet - PCA9674_PCA9674A_1 PCA9674_PCA9674A_1 20060905 Objective data sheet - - PCA9674_PCA9674A_5 Product data sheet © NXP B.V. 2009. All rights reserved. Rev. 05 — 15 June 2009 30 of 32 PCA9674/74A NXP Semiconductors Remote 8-bit I/O expander for Fm+ I2C-bus with interrupt 19. Legal information 19.1 Data sheet status Document status[1][2] Product status[3] Definition Objective [short] data sheet Development This document contains data from the objective specification for product development. Preliminary [short] data sheet Qualification This document contains data from the preliminary specification. Product [short] data sheet Production This document contains the product specification. [1] Please consult the most recently issued document before initiating or completing a design. [2] The term ‘short data sheet’ is explained in section “Definitions”. [3] The product status of device(s) described in this document may have changed since this document was published and may differ in case of multiple devices. The latest product status information is available on the Internet at URL http://www.nxp.com. 19.2 Definitions Draft — The document is a draft version only. The content is still under internal review and subject to formal approval, which may result in modifications or additions. NXP Semiconductors does not give any representations or warranties as to the accuracy or completeness of information included herein and shall have no liability for the consequences of use of such information. Short data sheet — A short data sheet is an extract from a full data sheet with the same product type number(s) and title. A short data sheet is intended for quick reference only and should not be relied upon to contain detailed and full information. For detailed and full information see the relevant full data sheet, which is available on request via the local NXP Semiconductors sales office. In case of any inconsistency or conflict with the short data sheet, the full data sheet shall prevail. 19.3 Disclaimers General — Information in this document is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, NXP Semiconductors does not give any representations or warranties, expressed or implied, as to the accuracy or completeness of such information and shall have no liability for the consequences of use of such information. Right to make changes — NXP Semiconductors reserves the right to make changes to information published in this document, including without limitation specifications and product descriptions, at any time and without notice. This document supersedes and replaces all information supplied prior to the publication hereof. Suitability for use — NXP Semiconductors products are not designed, authorized or warranted to be suitable for use in medical, military, aircraft, space or life support equipment, nor in applications where failure or malfunction of an NXP Semiconductors product can reasonably be expected to result in personal injury, death or severe property or environmental damage. NXP Semiconductors accepts no liability for inclusion and/or use of NXP Semiconductors products in such equipment or applications and therefore such inclusion and/or use is at the customer’s own risk. Applications — Applications that are described herein for any of these products are for illustrative purposes only. NXP Semiconductors makes no representation or warranty that such applications will be suitable for the specified use without further testing or modification. Limiting values — Stress above one or more limiting values (as defined in the Absolute Maximum Ratings System of IEC 60134) may cause permanent damage to the device. Limiting values are stress ratings only and operation of the device at these or any other conditions above those given in the Characteristics sections of this document is not implied. Exposure to limiting values for extended periods may affect device reliability. Terms and conditions of sale — NXP Semiconductors products are sold subject to the general terms and conditions of commercial sale, as published at http://www.nxp.com/profile/terms, including those pertaining to warranty, intellectual property rights infringement and limitation of liability, unless explicitly otherwise agreed to in writing by NXP Semiconductors. In case of any inconsistency or conflict between information in this document and such terms and conditions, the latter will prevail. No offer to sell or license — Nothing in this document may be interpreted or construed as an offer to sell products that is open for acceptance or the grant, conveyance or implication of any license under any copyrights, patents or other industrial or intellectual property rights. Export control — This document as well as the item(s) described herein may be subject to export control regulations. Export might require a prior authorization from national authorities. 19.4 Trademarks Notice: All referenced brands, product names, service names and trademarks are the property of their respective owners. I2C-bus — logo is a trademark of NXP B.V. 20. Contact information For more information, please visit: http://www.nxp.com For sales office addresses, please send an email to: [email protected] PCA9674_PCA9674A_5 Product data sheet © NXP B.V. 2009. All rights reserved. Rev. 05 — 15 June 2009 31 of 32 PCA9674/74A NXP Semiconductors Remote 8-bit I/O expander for Fm+ I2C-bus with interrupt 21. Contents 1 2 3 4 5 6 6.1 6.2 7 7.1 7.1.1 7.2 7.2.1 7.2.2 8 8.1 8.2 8.3 8.4 8.5 9 9.1 9.1.1 9.2 9.3 10 10.1 10.2 11 12 13 14 15 16 16.1 16.2 16.3 16.4 17 18 19 19.1 19.2 19.3 General description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 Ordering information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 Block diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 Pinning information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 Pinning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 Pin description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 Functional description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 Device address . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 Address maps. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 Software Reset Call, and device ID addresses 10 Software Reset . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 Device ID (PCA9674/74A ID field) . . . . . . . . . 12 I/O programming . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 Quasi-bidirectional I/O architecture . . . . . . . . 13 Writing to the port (Output mode) . . . . . . . . . . 13 Reading from a port (Input mode) . . . . . . . . . 14 Power-on reset . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 Interrupt output (INT) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 Characteristics of the I2C-bus. . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 Bit transfer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 START and STOP conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 System configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 Acknowledge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 Application design-in information . . . . . . . . . 18 Bidirectional I/O expander applications . . . . . 18 High current-drive load applications . . . . . . . . 18 Limiting values. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 Static characteristics. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 Dynamic characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 Package outline . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 Handling information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 Soldering of SMD packages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 Introduction to soldering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 Wave and reflow soldering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 Wave soldering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 Reflow soldering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 Abbreviations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 Revision history . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 Legal information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 Data sheet status . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 Disclaimers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 19.4 20 21 Trademarks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 Contact information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 Contents. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 Please be aware that important notices concerning this document and the product(s) described herein, have been included in section ‘Legal information’. © NXP B.V. 2009. All rights reserved. For more information, please visit: http://www.nxp.com For sales office addresses, please send an email to: [email protected] Date of release: 15 June 2009 Document identifier: PCA9674_PCA9674A_5