Data Sheet No. PD60349 revL IR21141SSPbF/IR22141SSPbF HALF-BRIDGE GATE DRIVER IC Features • • • • • • • • • Product Summary Floating channel up to 600 V or 1200 V Soft over-current shutdown Synchronization signal to synchronize shutdown with the other phases Integrated desaturation detection circuit Two stage turn on output for di/dt control Separate pull-up/pull-down output drive pins Matched delay outputs Undervoltage lockout with hysteresis band Lead free Description The IR21141/IR22141 gate driver family is suited to drive a single half bridge in power switching applications. These drivers provide high gate driving capability (2 A source, 3 A sink) and require low quiescent current, which allows the use of bootstrap power supply techniques in medium power systems. These drivers feature full short circuit protection by means of power transistor desaturation detection and manage all half-bridge faults by smoothly turning off the desaturated transistor through the dedicated soft shutdown pin, therefore preventing over-voltages and reducing electromagnetic emissions. In multi-phase systems, the IR21141/IR22141 drivers communicate using a dedicated local network (SY_FLT and FAULT/SD signals) to properly manage phase-to-phase short circuits. The system controller may force shutdown or read device fault state through the 3.3 V compatible CMOS I/O pin (FAULT/SD). To improve the signal immunity from DC-bus noise, the control and power ground use dedicated pins enabling low-side emitter current sensing as well. Undervoltage conditions in floating and low voltage circuits are managed independently. IO+/- (min) 600 V or 1200 V max. 1.0 A / 1.5 A VOUT 10.4 V – 20 V VOFFSET Deadtime matching (max) 75 ns Deadtime (typ) 330 ns Desat blanking time (typ) DSH, DSL input voltage threshold (typ) Soft shutdown time (typ) 3 µs 8.0 V 9.25 µs Package 24-Lead SSOP Typical connection www.irf.com 14-Aug-09 1 © 2009 International Rectifier IR21141/IR22141SSPbF Absolute Maximum Ratings Absolute maximum ratings indicate sustained limits beyond which damage to the device may occur. All voltage parameters are absolute voltages referenced to VSS, all currents are defined positive into any lead The thermal resistance and power dissipation ratings are measured under board mounted and still air conditions. Symbol Definition Min. Max. Units VS VB VHO VCC High side offset voltage IR21141 High side floating supply voltage IR22141 High side floating output voltage (HOP, HON and SSDH) VB + 0.3 625 1225 VB + 0.3 -0.3 25 Power ground VCC - 25 VCC + 0.3 VLO Low side output voltage (LOP, LON and SSDL) VCOM -0.3 VCC + 0.3 COM Low side and logic fixed supply voltage VB - 25 -0.3 -0.3 VS - 0.3 VIN Logic input voltage (HIN, LIN and FLT_CLR) -0.3 VCC + 0.3 VFLT Fault input/output voltage (FAULT/SD and SY_FLT) -0.3 VCC + 0.3 VDSH High side DS input voltage VS -3 VB + 0.3 Low side DS input voltage VCOM -3 VCC + 0.3 VDSL dVs/dt PD RthJA V Allowable offset voltage slew rate — 50 Package power dissipation @ TA ≤ 25 °C — 1.5 W Thermal resistance, junction to ambient — 65 °C/W 150 TJ Junction temperature — TS Storage temperature -55 150 TL Lead temperature (soldering, 10 seconds) — 300 V/ns °C Recommended Operating Conditions For proper operation the device should be used within the recommended conditions. All voltage parameters are absolute voltages referenced to VSS. The VS offset rating is tested with all supplies biased at a 15 V differential. Symbol VB Definition High side floating supply voltage † IR21141 IR22141 †† VS High side floating supply offset voltage VHO High side output voltage (HOP, HON and SSDH) Min. Max. VS + 11.5 VSS VSS VS VS + 20 600 1200 VS + 20 VLO Low side output voltage (LOP, LON and SSDL) VCOM VCC VCC Low side and logic fixed supply voltage (Note 1) 11.5 20 -5 5 COM Power ground VIN Logic input voltage (HIN, LIN and FLT_CLR) VSS VCC VFLT Fault input/output voltage (FAULT/SD and SY_FLT) VSS VCC VDSH High side DS pin input voltage VS - 2.0 VB VDSL Low side DS pin input voltage VCOM - 2.0 VCC tPWHIN High side pulse width for HIN input TA † †† 1 Ambient temperature -40 Units V µs 125 °C While internal circuitry is operational below the indicated supply voltages, the UV lockout disables the output drivers if the UV thresholds are not reached. A minimum supply voltage of 8V is recommended for the driver to operate safely under switching conditions at VS pin (please refer to the “start-up sequence” in application section of this document) Logic operational for VS from VSS-5 V to VSS +600 V or 1200 V. Logic state held for VS from VSS -5 V to VSSVBS. For a negative spike on VB (referenced to VSS) of less than 200ns the IC will withstand a sustained peak of -40V under normal operation and an isolated event of up to -70V peak spike (please refer to the Design Tip DT97-3 for more details). www.irf.com © 2009 International Rectifier 2 IR21141/IR22141SSPbF Static Electrical Characteristics VCC = 15 V, VSS = COM = 0 V, VS = 600 V or 1200 V and TA = 25 °C unless otherwise specified. Pins: VCC, VSS, VB, VS (refer to Fig. 1) Symbol Definition Min Typ Max Units VCCUV+ VCC supply undervoltage positive going threshold 9.3 10.2 11.4 VCCUV- VCC supply undervoltage negative going threshold 8.7 9.3 10.3 VCCUVH VBSUV+ VCC supply undervoltage lockout hysteresis (VB-VS) supply undervoltage positive going threshold — 9.3 0.9 10.2 — 11.4 VBSUVVBSUVH (VB-VS) supply undervoltage negative going threshold (VB-VS) supply undervoltage lockout hysteresis 8.7 — 9.3 0.9 10.3 — Offset supply leakage current — — 50 ILK Test Conditions V VS = 0 V, VS = 600 V or 1200 V µA VB = VS = 600 V or 1200 V VIN = 0 V or 3.3 V no load IQBS Quiescent VBS supply current — 400 800 IQCC Quiescent VCC supply current — 0.7 2.5 mA Max Units Test Conditions V VCC = VCCUVto 20 V Pins: HIN, LIN, FLTCLR, FAULT/SD, SY_FLT (refer to Fig. 2, 3) Symbol Definition Min Typ VIH Logic "1" input voltage 2.0 — — VIL Logic "0" input voltage — — 0.8 VIHSS IIN+ IINRON,FLT RON,SY Logic input hysteresis 0.2 0.4 — Logic “1” input bias current (HIN, LIN, FLTCLR) — 330 — Logic “0” input bias current (FAULT/SD, SY_FLT) 0 — 1 Logic “0” input bias current -1 — 0 Logic “1” input bias current (FAULT/SD, SY_FLT) -1 — 0 FAULT/SD open drain resistance SY_FLT open drain resistance — 60 — — 60 — VIN = 3.3 V µA VIN = 0 V Ω PW≤ 7 µs Pins: DSL, DSH (refer to Fig. 4) The active bias is present only the IR21141and IR22141. VDESAT, IDS and IDSB parameters are referenced to COM and VS respectively for DSL and DSH. Symbol Definition Min Typ Max Units Test Conditions VDESAT+ High desat input threshold voltage 7.2 8.0 8.8 VDESAT- Low desat input threshold voltage 6.3 7.0 7.7 Desat input voltage hysteresis — 1.0 — 21 — VDSTH IDS+ High DSH or DSL input bias current — IDS- Low DSH or DSL input bias current DSH or DSL input bias current (IR21141 and IR22141 only) — -160 — IDSB — -20 www.irf.com — V µA mA See Figs. 4,16 VDESAT = VCC or VBS VDESAT = 0 V VDESAT = (VCC or VBS) – 2 V © 2009 International Rectifier 3 IR21141/IR22141SSPbF Pins: HOP, LOP (refer to Fig. 5) Symbol Definition Min Typ Max Units Test Conditions VOH High level output voltage, VB – VHOP or VCC –VLOP — 40 300 IO1+ Output high first stage short circuit pulsed current 1 2 — mV IO= 20 mA VHOP/LOP= 0 V, HIN or LIN = 1, PW≤ 200 ns, resistive load, see Fig. 8 A IO2+ Output high second stage short circuit pulsed current 0.5 1 Min Typ VHOP/LOP= 0 V, HIN or LIN= 1, 400 ns ≤PW≤ 10 µs, resistive load, see Fig. 8 — Pins: HON, LON, SSDH, SSDL (refer to Fig. 6) Symbol VOL RON,SSD Definition Low level output voltage, VHON or VLON Soft Shutdown on resistance † IO- Output low short circuit pulsed current † SSD operation only www.irf.com Max Units Test Conditions — 45 300 mV IO= 20 mA — 90 — Ω PW≤ 7 µs 1.5 3 — A VHOP/LOP = 15 V, HIN or LIN = 0, PW≤ 10 µs © 2009 International Rectifier 4 IR21141/IR22141SSPbF AC Electrical Characteristics VCC = VBS = 15 V, VS = VSS and TA = 25 °C unless otherwise specified. Symbol Definition Min. Typ. Max. Units ton Turn on propagation delay 220 440 660 toff Turn off propagation delay 220 440 660 Test Conditions VIN = 0 & 1, VS = 0 V to 600 V or 1200 V, HOP shorted to HON, LOP shorted to LON, Fig. 7 tr Turn on rise time (CLOAD=1 nF) — 24 — tf Turn off fall time (CLOAD=1 nF) — 7 — 120 200 280 Fig. 8 tDESAT1 DSH to HO soft shutdown propagation delay at HO 2000 turn on 3300 4600 VHIN= 1 V tDESAT2 DSH to HO soft shutdown propagation delay after blanking 1050 — — VDESAT = 15 V, Fig. 10 tDESAT3 DSL to LO soft shutdown propagation delay at LO turn on 2000 3300 4600 VLIN = 1 V tDESAT4 DSL to LO soft shutdown propagation delay after blanking 1050 — — VDESAT = 15 V, Fig. 10 tDS Soft shutdown minimum pulse width of desat 1000 — — Fig. 9 tSS Soft shutdown duration period 5700 ton1 tSY_FLT, Turn on first stage duration time 9250 13500 VDS=15 V, Fig. 9 ns DSH to SY_FLT propagation delay at HO turn on — 3600 — VHIN = 1 V DSH to SY_FLT propagation delay after blanking 1300 — — VDS = 15 V, Fig. 10 DSL to SY_FLT propagation delay at LO turn on — 3050 — VLIN = 1 V DSL to SY_FLT propagation delay after blanking 1050 — — VDESAT=15 V, Fig. 10 — 3000 — VHIN = VLIN = 1 V, VDESAT=15 V, Fig. 10 Deadtime — 330 — Fig. 11 MDT Deadtime matching, MDT=DTH-DTL — — 75 External DT = 0 s, Fig. 11 PDM Propagation delay matching, Max (ton, toff) – Min (ton, toff) — — 75 External DT > 500 ns, Fig. 7 DESAT1 tSY_FLT, DESAT2 tSY_FLT, DESAT3 tSY_FLT, DESAT4 tBL DS blanking time at turn on Deadtime/Delay Matching Characteristics DT www.irf.com © 2009 International Rectifier 5 IR21141/IR22141SSPbF schmitt trigger comparator VCC/VB UV internal signal HIN/LIN/ FLTCLR internal signal 10k VCCUV/VBSUV VSS/VS VSS Figure 1: Undervoltage Diagram Figure 2: HIN, LIN and FLTCLR Diagram VCC/VBS FAULT/SD SY_FLT 100k fault/hold internal signal active bias comparator schmitt trigger DSL/DSH SSD RON VDESAT VSS internal signal 700k COM/VS Figure 3: FAULT/SD and SY_FLT Diagram 200ns oneshot Figure 4: DSH and DSL Diagram VCC/VB LON/HON VOH SSDL/SSDH on/off internal signal on/off internal signal VOL LOP/HOP desat internal signal RON,SSD COM/VS Figure 5: HOP and LOP Diagram Figure 6: HON, LON, SSDH and SSDL Diagram www.irf.com © 2009 International Rectifier 6 IR21141/IR22141SSPbF 3.3V HIN LIN 50% t on 50% PW in t off tr tf PW out HO (HOP=HON) LO (LOP=LON) 90% 90% 10% 10% Figure 7: Switching Time Waveforms Ton1 Io1+ Io2+ Figure 8: Output Source Current 3.3V HIN/LIN t DS 8V 8V DSH/DSL SSD Driver Enable t DESAT t SS HO/LO Figure 9: Soft Shutdown Timing Waveform www.irf.com © 2009 International Rectifier 7 IR21141/IR22141SSPbF 50% 50% HIN 50% LIN 8V DSH 8V 8V 8V DSL t SY_FLT 50% 50% t SY_FLT,DESAT1 50% 50% SY_FLT,DESAT3 tSY_FLT,DESAT2 tSY_FLT,DESAT4 FAULT/SD FLTCLR tDESAT2 tDESAT1 90% SoftShutdown 50% 10% HON tBL Turn_Off propagation Delay 90% SoftShutdown 50% 90% tBL tDESAT4 tDESAT3 Turn-On Propagation Delay 10% LON 90% SoftShutdown 50% 90% SoftShutdown 50% 90% tBL tBL Turn-On Propagation Delay Figure 10: Desat Timing LIN HIN 50% HO (HOP=HON) 50% 50% 50% DTH LO (LOP=LON) DTL 50% 50% MDT=DTH-DTL Figure 11: Internal Deadtime Timing www.irf.com © 2009 International Rectifier 8 IR21141/IR22141SSPbF Lead Assignments 1 HIN 24 DSH VB LIN FLT_CLR N.C. SY_FLT HOP FAULT/SD HON 24-Lead SSOP VSS VS SSOP24 SSDL SSDH COM N.C. LON N.C. LOP N.C. VCC N.C. 12 DSL 13 N.C. Lead Definitions Symbol VCC Description Low side gate driver supply VSS Logic ground HIN Logic input for high side gate driver outputs (HOP/HON) LIN Logic input for low side gate driver outputs (LOP/LON) Dual function (in/out) active low pin. Refer to Figs. 15, 17, and 18. As an output, indicates fault condition. As an input, shuts down the outputs of the gate driver regardless HIN/LIN status. Dual function (in/out) active low pin. Refer to Figs. 15, 17, and 18. As an output, indicates SSD sequence is occurring. As an input, an active low signal freezes both output status. Fault clear active high input. Clears latched fault condition (see Fig. 17) FAULT/SD SY_FLT FLT_CLR LOP LON Low side driver sourcing output Low side driver sinking output DSL SSDL Low side IGBT desaturation protection input Low side soft shutdown COM VB Low side driver return High side gate driver floating supply HOP HON High side driver sourcing output High side driver sinking output DSH High side IGBT desaturation protection input SSDH VS High side soft shutdown High side floating supply return www.irf.com © 2009 International Rectifier 9 IR21141/IR22141SSPbF VCC VB on/off SCHMITT TRIGGER INPUT HIN on/off (HS) SHOOT THROUGH PREVENTION LIN INPUT HOLD LOGIC OUTPUT SHUTDOWN LOGIC on/off (LS) LATCH on/off LOCAL DESAT PROTECTION LEVEL SHIFTERS desat soft di/dt control Driver HOP HON shutdown SOFT SHUTDOWN SSDH UV_VBS DETECT (DT) Deadtime internal Hold Hard ShutDown DSH UV_VCC DETECT VS UV_VCC on/off DesatHS SY_FLT FAULT/SD SSD HOLD FAULT SD LOCAL DESAT PROTECTION FAULT LOGIC managemend (See figure 14) soft di/dt control Driver LOP LON shutdown SSDL SOFTSHUTDOWN DesatLS FLT_CLR DSL COM VSS FUNCTIONAL BLOCK DIAGRAM SY _ FL T Start-Up Sequence FL T_ D /S LT UnderVoltage VBS HO=0, LO=LIN UV_VCC L _F T _V UV CC LT /S D UV_VBS FA U LT/S D FA U HIN /LIN U SY Freeze DS H/ L L H/ DS FLT SY_ Soft ShutDown FA S HO/LO=1 UnderVoltage VCC HO=LO=0 VB V_ UV_V CC HI N /L IN FAU LT/S D U FAULT DESAT EVENT /SD ShutDown HO=LO=0 CL R FAULT STATE DIAGRAM Stable State − FAULT − HO=LO=0 (Normal operation) − HO/LO=1 (Normal operation) − UNDERVOLTAGE VCC − SHUTDOWN (SD) − UNDERVOLTAGE VBS − FREEZE Temporary State − SOFT SHUTDOWN − START UP SEQUENCE System Variable − FLT_CLR − HIN/LIN − UV_VCC − UV_VBS − DSH/L − SY_FLT − FAULT/SD NOTE 1: A change of logic value of the signal labeled on lines (system variable) generates a state transition. NOTE 2: Exiting from UNDERVOLTAGE VBS state, the HO goes high only if a rising edge event happens in HIN. www.irf.com © 2009 International Rectifier 10 IR21141/IR22141SSPbF HO/LO Status 0 1 SSD LO/HO LOn-1/HOn-1 HOP/LOP HON/LON SSDH/SSDL HiZ 0 HiZ 1 HiZ HiZ HiZ HiZ 0 Output follows inputs (in=1->out=1, in=0->out=0) Output keeps previous status Logic Table: Output Drivers Status Description INPUTS Operation Shutdown Fault Clear Fault Cleared Normal Operation Anti Shoot Through Soft Shutdown (entering) INPUT/OUTPUT Hin Lin FLT_CLR X X X HIN Undervoltage Yes: V< UV threshold No : V> UV threshold X: don’t care LIN OUTPUTS ______ SY_FLT SSD: desat (out) HOLD: freezing (in) _________ FAULT/SD SD: shutdown (in) FAULT: diagnostic (out) VCC VBS HO LO X 0 (SD) X X 0 0 No No HO LO No No HO LO X (FAULT) † 1 †† HIN LIN 1 X 1 0 0 1 1 No No 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 No No 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 No No 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 No No 0 0 1 No No SSD 0 1 0 0 (SSD) 0 1 0 (SSD) 1 No No 0 SSD 0 (SSD) (FAULT) No No 0 0 (SSD) (FAULT) No No 0 0 Soft Shutdown (finishing) X X X 0 Freeze X X X 0 (HOLD) 1 No No HOn-1 LOn-1 X LIN X 1 1 No Yes 0 LO X X X 1 0 (FAULT) Yes X 0 0 Undervoltage † †† X SY_FLT automatically resets after the SSD event is over, without requiring FLT_CLR to be asserted. To avoid FLT_CLR conflicting with the SSD sequence of operations, in the event of a SSD during normal operation it is recommended not to apply FLT_CLR while SY_FLT is active. At power supply start-up instead, it is recommended to keep FLT_CLR active to prevent spurious diagnostic signals being generated, as described in section 1.1 Start-Up Sequence and in section 1.4.5 Fault Management at Start-up. Holding FLT_CLR high all time will not allow the gate driver to latch the FAULT status and migth compromise power system protection. www.irf.com © 2009 International Rectifier 11 IR21141/IR22141SSPbF 1.4 Fault Management The IR21141/IR22141 is able to manage supply failure (undervoltage lockout) and transistor desaturation (on both the low and high side switches). 1 Features Description 1.1 Start-Up Sequence At power supply start-up, it is recommended to keep the FLT_CLR pin active until the supply voltages are properly established. This prevents spurious diagnostic signals being generated. When the bootstrap supply topology is used for supplying the floating high side stage, the following startup sequence is recommended (see also Fig. 12): 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Set VCC, Set FLT_CLR pin to HIGH level, Set LIN pin to HIGH level and charge the bootstrap capacitor, Release LIN pin to LOW level, Release FLT_CLR pin to LOW level. VCC 1.4.1 Undervoltage (UV) The undervoltage protection function disables the driver’s output stage which prevents the power device from being driven when the input voltage is less than the undervoltage threshold. Both the low side (VCC supplied) and the floating side (VBS supplied) are controlled by a dedicate undervoltage function. An undervoltage event on the VCC pin (when VCC < UVVCC-) generates a diagnostic signal by forcing the FAULT/SD pin low (see FAULT/SD section and Fig. 14). This event disables both the low side and floating drivers and the diagnostic signal holds until the undervoltage condition is over. The fault condition is not latched and the FAULT/SD pin is released once VCC becomes higher than UVVCC+. The VBS undervoltage protection works by disabling only the floating driver. Undervoltage on VBS does not prevent the low side driver from activating its output nor does it generate diagnostic signals. The VBS undervoltage condition (VBS < UVVBS-) latches the high side output stage in the low state. VBS must exceed the UVVBS+ threshold to return the device to its normal operating mode. To turn on the floating driver, HIN must be reasserted high (rising edge event on HIN is required). FLT_CLR LIN LO Figure 12 Start-Up Sequence A minimum 15 µs LIN and FLT-CLR pulse is required. A minimum supply voltage of 8V is recommended for the driver to operate safely under switching conditions at VS pin. At lower supply the gate driving capability decreases and might become not sufficient to counteract switching charge injected to the outputs. 1.2 Normal Operation Mode After the start-up sequence has completed, the device becomes fully operative (see grey blocks in the State Diagram). HIN and LIN produce driver outputs to switch accordingly, while the input logic monitors the input signals and deadtime (DT) prevent shoot-through events from occurring. 1.3 Shutdown The system controller can asynchronously command the Hard Shutdown (HSD) through the 3.3 V compatible CMOS I/O FAULT/SD pin. This event is not latched. In a multi-phase system, FAULT/SD signals are or-ed so the controller or one of the gate drivers can force the simultaneous shutdown of the other gate drivers through the same pin. www.irf.com 1.4.2 Power Devices Desaturation Different causes can generate a power inverter failure (phase and/or rail supply short-circuit, overload conditions induced by the load, etc.). In all of these fault conditions, a large increase in current results in the IGBT. The IR21141/IR22141 fault detection circuit monitors the IGBT emitter to collector voltage (VCE) (an external high voltage diode is connected between the IGBT’s collector and the ICs DSH or DSL pins). A high current in the IGBT may cause the transistor to desaturate; this condition results in an increase of VCE. Once in desaturation, the current in the power transistor can be as high as 10 times the nominal current. Whenever the transistor is switched off, this high current generates relevant voltage transients in the power stage that need to be smoothed out in order to avoid destruction (by over-voltage). The gate driver is able to control the transient condition by smoothly turning off the desaturated transistor with its integrated soft shutdown (SSD) protection. 1.4.3 Desaturation Detection: DSH/L Function Figure 13 shows the structure of the desaturation sensing and soft shutdown block. This configuration is the same for both the high and low side output stages. © 2009 International Rectifier 12 RDSH/L Ron,ss IR21141/IR22141SSPbF Figure 13: High and Low Side Output Stage internal HOLD internal FAULT (hard shutdown) SY_FLT (external hold) FAULT/SD (external hard shutdown) Q Q SET CLR S DesatHS R DesatLS UVCC FLTCLR Figure 14: Fault Management Diagram The external sensing diode should have breakdown voltage greater than 600 V (IR21141) or 1200 V (IR22141), and low stray capacitance (in order to minimize noise coupling and switching delays). The diode is biased by an internal pull-up resistor RDSH/L (equal to VCC/IDS- or VBS/IDS-) or by a dedicated circuit (see the active-bias section). To limit the current flowing through DSH and DSL in case of desaturation an external Schottky diode is required, as shown in Fig. 13. When VCE increases, the voltage at the DSH or DSL pin increases too. Being internally biased to the local supply, the DSH/DSL voltage is automatically clamped. When DSH/DSL exceeds the VDESAT+ threshold, the comparator triggers (see Fig. 13). The comparator’s output is filtered in order to avoid false desaturation detection by externally induced noise; pulses shorter than tDS are filtered out. To avoid detecting a false desaturation event during IGBT turn on, the desaturation circuit is disabled by a blanking signal (TBL, see blanking block in Fig. 13). This time is the estimated maximum IGBT turn on time and must be not exceeded by proper gate resistance sizing. When the IGBT is not completely saturated after TBL, desaturation is detected and the driver will turn off. SY_FLT output pin (active low, see Fig. 14) reports the gate driver status during the SSD sequence (tSS). Once the SSD has finished, SY_FLT releases, and the gate driver generates a FAULT signal (see the FAULT/SD section) by activating the FAULT/SD pin. This generates a hard shutdown for both the high and low output stages (HO=LO=low). Each driver is latched low until the fault is cleared (see FLT_CLR). Figure 14 shows the fault management circuit. In this diagram DesatHS and DesatLS are two internal signals that come from the output stages (see Fig. 13). It must be noted that while in SSD, both the undervoltage fault and external SD are masked until the end of SSD. Desaturation protection is working independently by the other control pin and it is disabled only when the output status is off. 1.4.4 Fault Management in Multi-Phase Systems In a system with two or more gate drivers the IR21141/IR22141 devices must be connected as shown in Fig. 15. Eligible desaturation signals initiate the SSD sequence. While in SSD, the driver’s output goes to a high impedance state and the SSD pull-down is activated to turn off the IGBT through the SSDH/SSDL pin. The www.irf.com © 2009 International Rectifier 13 IR21141/IR22141SSPbF FAULT VCC VB VCC VB VCC VB HOP LIN HOP HIN FLT_CLR HON SSH HIN FLT_CLR HON SSH SY_FLT FAULT/SD DSH SY_FLT VS LOP LON FAULT/SD SSL COM phase U SY_FLT VS LOP LON FAULT/SD SSL DSL VSS DSH IR2214 LIN HON SSH IR2214 HOP HIN FLT_CLR IR2214 LIN COM phase V VS LOP LON SSL DSL VSS DSH DSL VSS COM phase W Figure 15: IR22141 used in a 3 phase application SY_FLT: The bi-directional SY_FLT pins communicate each other through a local network. The logic signal is active low. The device that detects the IGBT desaturation activates the SY_FLT, which is then read by the other gate drivers. When SY_FLT is active all the drivers hold their output state regardless of the input signals (HIN, LIN) they receive from the controller (freeze state). This feature is particularly important in phase-tophase short circuit where two IGBTs are involved; in fact, while one is softly shutting-down, the other must be prevented from hard shutdown to avoid exiting SSD. In the freeze state, the frozen drivers are not completely inactive because desaturation detection still takes the highest priority. SY_FLT communication has been designed for creating a local network between the drivers. FAULT/SD: The bi-directional FAULT/SD pins communicate with each other and with the system controller. The logic signal is active low. When low, the FAULT/SD signal commands the outputs to go off by hard shutdown. There are three events that can force FAULT/SD low: 1. 2. 3. Desaturation detection event: the FAULT/SD pin is latched low when SSD is over, and only a FLT_CLR signal can reset it; Undervoltage on VCC: the FAULT/SD pin is forced low and held until the undervoltage is active. This event is not latched; FAULT/SD is externally driven low either from the controller or from another IR21141/IR22141 device. This event is not latched; therefore the FLT_CLR cannot disable it. Only when FAULT/SD becomes high the device returns to its normal operating mode. 1.4.5 Fault Management at Start-up When the bootstrap supply topology is used for supplying the floating high side and the recommended power supply start-up sequence is followed, FLT_CLR pin must be kept active to prevent spurious diagnostic signals being generated. In the event of power inverter failure already present or occurring during start-up (phase and/or rail supply shortcircuit, overload conditions induced by the load, etc.), keeping the FLT_CLR pin active will also prevent the real fault condition to be detected with the FAULT/SD pin. In such a condition a large current increase in the IGBT will desaturate the transistor, allowing the gate www.irf.com driver to detect and turn-off the desaturated transistor with the integrated soft shutdown (SSD) protection. As with a normal SSD sequence, during SSD the SY_FLT output pin (active low, see Fig. 14) will report the gate driver status. But now, being the FLT_CLR pin already active, the gate driver will not generate a FAULT signal by activating the FAULT/SD pin and it will not enter hard shutdown. To prevent the driver to resume charging the bootstrap capacitor, therefore re-establishing the condition that will determine again the occurrence of the large current increase in the IGBT, it is recommended to monitor the SY_FLT output pin. Should the SY_FLT output pin go low during the start-up sequence, the controller must interpret a power inverter failure is present, and stop the start-up sequence. 1.5 Active Bias For the purpose of sensing the power transistor desaturation, the collector voltage is monitored (an external high voltage diode is connected between the IGBT’s collector and the IC’s DSH or DSL pin). The diode is normally biased by an internal pull up resistor connected to the local supply line (VB or VCC). When the transistor is “on” the diode is conducting and the amount of current flowing in the circuit is determined by the internal pull up resistor value. In the high side circuit, the desaturation biasing current may become relevant for dimensioning the bootstrap capacitor (see Fig. 19). In fact, a pull up resistor with a low resistance may result in a high current that significantly discharges the bootstrap capacitor. For that reason, the internal pull up resistor typical value is of the order of 100 kΩ. While the impedance of the DSH/DSL pins is very low when the transistor is on (low impedance path through the external diode down to the power transistor), the impedance is only controlled by the pull up resistor when the transistor is off. In that case, relevant dV/dt applied by the power transistor during the commutation at the output results in a considerable current injected through the stray capacitance of the diode into the desaturation detection pin (DSH/DSL). This coupled noise may be easily reduced by using an active bias structure for the sensing diode. In IR21141/IR22141 the DSH/DSL pins integrate an active pull-up structure respectively to VB/VCC, and a pulldown structure to VS/COM. The dedicated biasing circuit reduces the impedance on the DSH/DSL pin when the voltage exceeds the VDESAT threshold (see Fig. 16). This low impedance helps rejecting the noise current injected by the parasitic capacitance. When the power transistor is fully on, the sensing diode is forward biased and the voltage at the DSH/DSL pin decreases. At this point the biasing circuit deactivates, to reduce the bias current of the diode as shown in Fig. 16. In certain switching conditions (short pulses, high temperature) the recovery current of the external desaturation sensing diode might reach levels beyond the capability of the active bias circuit. In order to avoid malfunctions and damage for the IC an external Schottky © 2009 International Rectifier 14 IR21141/IR22141SSPbF while an additional stage is maintained in the active state for a limited time (ton1). This feature boosts the total driving capability in order to accommodate both a fast gate charge to the plateau voltage and dV/dt control in switching. diode is required between DSH and VB and between DSL and Vcc, as shown in Fig 13. A diode similar to the 1N5818 is good enough to protect DSH and DSL. RDSH/L 100K ohm At turn off, a single n-channel sinks up to 3 A (IO-) and offers a low impedance path to prevent the self-turn on due to the parasitic Miller capacitance in the power switch. 100 ohm 1.7 Timing and Logic State Diagrams Description The following figures show the input/output logic diagram. Figure 17 shows the SY_FLT and FAULT/SD signals as outputs, whereas Fig. 18 shows them as inputs. VDESAT+ VDESAT- VDSH/L Figure 16: RDSH/L Active Biasing 1.6 Output Stage The structure is shown in Fig. 13 and consists of two turn on stages and one turn off stage. When the driver turns on the IGBT (see Fig. 8), a first stage is activated A B C D E F G HIN LIN DSH DSL SY_FLT FAULT/SD FLT_CLR HO(HOP/HON) LO(LOP/LON) Figure 17: I/O Timing Diagram with SY_FLT and FAULT/SD as Output A B C D E F HIN LIN SY_FLT FAULT/SD FLT_CLR HO (HOP/HON) LO (LOP/LON) www.irf.com Figure 18: I/O Logic Diagram with SY_FLT and FAULT/SD as Input © 2009 International Rectifier 15 IR21141/IR22141SSPbF Referred to the timing diagram of Fig. 17: A. When the input signals are on together the outputs go off (anti-shoot through), B. The HO signal is on and the high side IGBT desaturates, the HO turn off softly while the SY_FLT stays low. When SY_FLT goes high the FAULT/SD goes low. While in SSD, if LIN goes up, LO does not change (freeze), C. When FAULT/SD is latched low (see FAULT/SD section) FLT_CLR can disable it and the outputs go back to follow the inputs, D. The DSH goes high but this is not read because HO is off, E. The LO signal is on and the low side IGBT desaturates, the low side behaviour is the same as described in point B, F. The DSL goes high but this is not read as LO is off, G. As point A (anti-shoot through). Referred to the timing diagram Fig. 18: A. The device is in the hold state, regardless of input variations. The hold state results as SY_FLT is forced low externally, B. The device outputs go off by hard shutdown, externally commanded. A through B is the same sequence adopted by another IR2x14x device in SSD procedure. C. Externally driven low FAULT/SD (shutdown state) cannot be disabled by forcing FLT_CLR (see FAULT/SD section), D. The FAULT/SD is released and the outputs go back to follow the inputs, E. Externally driven low FAULT/SD: outputs go off by hard shutdown (like point B), F. As point A and B but for the low side output. www.irf.com © 2009 International Rectifier 16 IR21141/IR22141SSPbF − Charge required by the internal level shifters (QLS); typical 20 nC, − Bootstrap capacitor leakage current (ILK_CAP), − High side on time (THON). 2 Sizing Tips 2.1 Bootstrap Supply The VBS voltage provides the supply to the high side driver circuitry of the gate driver. This supply sits on top of the VS voltage and so it must be floating. The bootstrap method is used to generate the VBS supply and can be used with any of the IR211(4,41)/ IR221(4,41) drivers. The bootstrap supply is formed by a diode and a capacitor as connected in Fig. 19. bootstrap resistor bootstrap diode Rboot VCC ILK_CAP is only relevant when using an electrolytic capacitor and can be ignored if other types of capacitors are used. It is strongly recommend using at least one low ESR ceramic capacitor (paralleling electrolytic and low ESR ceramic may result in an efficient solution). Then we have: DC+ VF QTOT = QG + Q LS + ( I LK _ GE + I QBS + VB VCC + I LK + I LK _ DIODE + I LK _ CAP + I DS − ) ⋅ THON HOP IR2214 VBS bootstrap capacitor VGE HON The minimum size of bootstrap capacitor is: ILOAD motor VS SSDH C BOOT min = VCEon VFP QTOT ∆V BS An example follows using IR2214SS or IR22141SS: COM a) using a 25 A @ 125 °C 1200 V IGBT (IRGP30B120KD): Figure 19: Bootstrap Supply Schematic This method has the advantage of being simple and low cost but may force some limitations on duty-cycle and on-time since they are limited by the requirement to refresh the charge in the bootstrap capacitor. Proper capacitor choice can reduce drastically these limitations. • • • • • • • • • 2.2 Bootstrap Capacitor Sizing To size the bootstrap capacitor, the first step is to establish the minimum voltage drop (∆VBS) that we have to guarantee when the high side IGBT is on. IQBS = 800 µA (datasheet IR2214); ILK = 50 µA (see Static Electrical Characteristics); QLS = 20 nC QG = 160 nC (datasheet IRGP30B120KD); ILK_GE = 100 nA (datasheet IRGP30B120KD); ILK_DIODE = 100 µA (reverse recovery <100 ns); ILK_CAP = 0 (neglected for ceramic capacitor); IDS- = 150 µA (see Static Electrical Characteristics); THON = 100 µs. And: If VGEmin is the minimum gate emitter voltage we want to maintain, the voltage drop must be: • • • • ∆VBS ≤ VCC − VF − VGE min − VCEon under the condition, VCC = 15 V VF = 1 V VCEonmax = 3.1 V VGEmin = 10.5 V the maximum voltage drop ∆VBS becomes VGE min > VBSUV − ∆VBS ≤ VCC − VF − VGEmin − VCEon = where VCC is the IC voltage supply, VF is bootstrap diode forward voltage, VCEon is emitter-collector voltage of low side IGBT, and VBSUV- is the high-side supply undervoltage negative going threshold. Now we must consider the contributing VBS to decrease: influencing And the bootstrap capacitor is: factors CBOOT ≥ − IGBT turn on required gate charge (QG), − IGBT gate-source leakage current (ILK_GE), − Floating section quiescent current (IQBS), − Floating section leakage current (ILK), − Bootstrap diode leakage current (ILK_DIODE), − Desat diode bias when on (IDS), www.irf.com 290 nC = 725 nF 0. 4 V NOTICE: VCC has been chosen to be 15 V. Some IGBTs may require a higher supply to work correctly with the bootstrap technique. Also VCC variations must be accounted in the above formulas. © 2009 International Rectifier 17 IR21141/IR22141SSPbF minimize the amount of charge fed back from the bootstrap capacitor to VCC supply. 2.3 Some Important Considerations Voltage Ripple: There are three different cases to consider (refer to Fig. 19). 2.4 Gate Resistances The switching speed of the output transistor can be controlled by properly sizing the resistors controlling the turn-on and turn-off gate currents. The following section provides some basic rules for sizing the resistors to obtain the desired switching time and speed by introducing the equivalent output resistance of the gate driver (RDRp and RDRn). ILOAD < 0 A; the load current flows in the low side IGBT (resulting in VCEon). VBS = VCC − VF − VCEon In this case we have the lowest value for VBS. This represents the worst case for the bootstrap capacitor sizing. When the IGBT is turned off, the Vs node is pushed up by the load current until the high side freewheeling diode is forwarded biased. The example shown uses IGBT power transistors and Figure 20 shows the nomenclature used in the following paragraphs. In addition, Vge* indicates the plateau voltage, Qgc and Qge indicate the gate to collector and gate to emitter charge respectively. ILOAD = 0 A; the IGBT is not loaded while being on and VCE can be neglected IC CRES V BS = VCC − VF VGE ILOAD > 0 A; the load current flows through the freewheeling diode t1,QGE V BS = VCC − VF + VFP t2,QGC VCE dV/dt In this case we have the highest value for VBS. Turning on the high side IGBT, ILOAD flows into it and VS is pulled up. To minimize the risk of undervoltage, the bootstrap capacitor should be sized according to the ILOAD< 0 A case. IC 90% CRESon CRES VGE Vge* CRESoff 10% Bootstrap Resistor: A resistor (Rboot) is placed in series with the bootstrap diode (see Fig. 19) in order to limit the current when the bootstrap capacitor is initially charged. We suggest not exceeding 10 Ω to avoid increasing the VBS time-constant. The minimum on time for charging the bootstrap capacitor or for refreshing its charge must be verified against this time-constant. 10% t,Q tSW tDon tR Figure 20: Nomenclature Bootstrap Capacitor: For high tHON designs where an electrolytic capacitor is used, its ESR must be considered. This parasitic resistance forms a voltage divider with Rboot, which generats a voltage step on VBS at the first charge of bootstrap capacitor. The voltage step and the related speed (dVBS/dt) should be limited. As a general rule, ESR should meet the following constraint. 2.5 Sizing The Turn-On Gate Resistor Switching-Time: For the matters of the calculation included hereafter, the switching time tsw is defined as the time spent to reach the end of the plateau voltage (a total Qgc+Qge has been provided to the IGBT gate). To obtain the desired switching time the gate resistance can be sized starting from Qge and Qgc, Vcc, Vge* (see Fig. 21): A parallel combination of a small ceramic capacitor and a large electrolytic capacitor is normally the best compromise, the first capacitor posses a fast time constant and limits the dVBS/dt by reducing the equivalent resistance. The second capacitor provides a large capacitance to maintain the VBS voltage drop within the desired ∆VBS. I avg = Qgc + Qge t sw and RTOT = Bootstrap Diode: The diode must have a BV > 600 V or 1200 V and a fast recovery time (trr < 100 ns) to www.irf.com Vcc − V ge* I avg © 2009 International Rectifier 18 IR21141/IR22141SSPbF flowing in RGoff and RDRn (see Fig. 22). If the voltage drop at the gate exceeds the threshold voltage of the IGBT, the device may self turn on, causing large oscillation and relevant cross conduction. Iavg Vcc/Vb CRES RDRp RGon dV/dt HS Turning ON COM/Vs CRESoff Figure 21: RGon Sizing RGoff OFF where ON RTOT = RDRp + RGon RDRn C IES RGon = gate on-resistor RDRp = driver equivalent on-resistance Figure 22: RGoff Sizing: Current Path When Low Side is Off and High Side Turns On RDRp is approximately given by RDRp Vcc t SW Vcc t SW − ton1 I t + I t SW o 2+ = o1+ on1 Vcc I o1+ (IO1+ ,IO2+ and Characteristics”). ton1 from for t SW > ton1 for t SW ≤ t on1 “Static The transfer function between the IGBT collector and the IGBT gate then becomes: Vge Vde = s ⋅ ( RGoff + RDRn ) ⋅ CRESoff 1 + s ⋅ ( RGoff + RDRn ) ⋅ (CRESoff + CIES ) Electrical which yields to a high pass filter with a pole at: Table 1 reports the gate resistance size for two commonly used IGBTs (calculation made using typical datasheet values and assuming VCC= 15 V). 1/τ = Output Voltage Slope: The turn-on gate resistor RGon can be sized to control the output slope (dVOUT/dt). While the output voltage has a nonlinear behaviour, the maximum output slope can be approximated by: ( RGoff 1 + RDRn ) ⋅ (CRESoff + CIES ) As a result, when τ is faster than the collector rise time (to be verified after calculation) the transfer function can be approximated by: Vge I avg dVout = dt C RESoff Vde = s ⋅ ( RGoff + RDRn ) ⋅ CRESoff so that inserting the expression yielding Iavg and rearranging: Vge = ( RGoff + RDRn ) ⋅ CRESoff ⋅ * RTOT = Vcc − Vge dV C RESoff ⋅ out dt dVde dt in the time domain. Then the condition: Vth > Vge = (RGoff + RDRn ) ⋅ CRESoff As an example, table 2 shows the sizing of gate resistance to get dVout/dt= 5 V/ns when using two popular IGBTs (typical datasheet values are used and VCC= 15 V is assumed). dVout dt must be verified to avoid spurious turn on. Rearranging the equation yields: NOTICE: Turn on time must be lower than TBL to avoid improper desaturation detection and SSD triggering. RGoff < Vth CRESoff 2.6 Sizing the Turn-Off Gate Resistor The worst case in sizing the turn-off resistor RGoff is when the collector of the IGBT in the off state is forced to commutate by an external event (e.g., the turn-on of the companion IGBT). In this case the dV/dt of the output node induces a parasitic current through CRESoff dV ⋅ dt − RDRn RDRn is approximately given by www.irf.com © 2009 International Rectifier 19 IR21141/IR22141SSPbF RDRn = which is driven only by IGBT characteristics. Vcc I o− As an example, table 3 reports RGoff (calculated with the above mentioned disequation) for two popular IGBTs to withstand dVout/dt = 5 V/ns. In any case, the worst condition for unwanted turn on is with very fast steps on the IGBT collector. In that case, the collector to gate transfer function can be approximated with the capacitor divider: Vge = Vde ⋅ NOTICE: The above-described equations are intended to approximate a way to size the gate resistance. A more accurate sizing may provide more precise device and PCB (parasitic) modelling. CRESoff (CRESoff + CIES ) IGBT Qge Qgc IRGP30B120K(D) IRG4PH30K(D) 19 nC 10 nC 82 nC 20 nC IGBT Qge IRGP30B120K(D) IRG4PH30K(D) 19 nC 10 nc Qgc Vge* tsw Iavg Rtot RGon → std commercial value 9V 400 ns 0.25 A 24 Ω RTOT - RDRp = 12.7 Ω → 10 Ω 9V 200 ns 0.15 A 40 Ω RTOT - RDRp = 32.5 Ω → 33 Ω Table 1: tsw Driven RGon Sizing Vge* CRESoff Rtot RGon → std commercial value 82 nC 9V 85 pF 14 Ω RTOT - RDRp = 6.5 Ω → 8.2 Ω 20 nC 9V 14 pF RTOT - RDRp = 78 Ω → 82 Ω 85 Ω Table 2: dVOUT/dt Driven RGon Sizing IGBT IRGP30B120K(D) IRG4PH30K(D) Vth(min) 4 CRESoff 85 pF 3 14 pF Table 3: RGoff Sizing www.irf.com Tsw →420 ns →202 ns dVout/dt →4.5 V/ns →5 V/ns RGoff RGoff ≤ 4 Ω RGoff ≤ 35 Ω © 2009 International Rectifier 20 IR21141/IR22141SSPbF 3 PCB Layout Tips 3.5 Routing and Placement Example 3.1 Distance from High to Low Voltage Figure 24 shows one of the possible layout solutions using a 3 layer PCB. This example takes into account all the previous considerations. Placement and routing for supply capacitors and gate resistances in the high and low voltage side minimize the supply path loop and the gate drive loop. The bootstrap diode is placed under the device to have the cathode as close as possible to the bootstrap capacitor and the anode far from high voltage and close to VCC. The IR2x14x pinout maximizes the distance between floating (from DC- to DC+) and low voltage pins. It’s strongly recommended to place components tied to floating voltage on the high voltage side of device (VB, VS side) while the other components are placed on the opposite side. 3.2 Ground Plane To minimize noise coupling, the ground plane must not be placed under or near the high voltage floating side. R2 3.3 Gate Drive Loops VGH Current loops behave like antennas and are able to receive and transmit EM noise. In order to reduce the EM coupling and improve the power switch turn on/off performances, gate drive loops must be reduced as much as possible. Figure 23 shows the high and low side gate loops. D3 Phase IR2214 VGL R5 R6 C2 R7 a) Top Layer C1 D1 VEH VCC R1 VEL IGC gate resistance DC+ R4 Moreover, current can be injected inside the gate drive loop via the IGBT collector-to-gate parasitic capacitance. The parasitic auto-inductance of the gate loop contributes to developing a voltage across the gate-emitter, increasing the possibility of self turn-on. For this reason, it is strongly recommended to place the three gate resistances close together and to minimize the loop area (see Fig. 23). VB/ VCC D2 R3 b) Bottom Layer CGC H/LOP H/LON SSDH/L Gate Drive Loop VGE VS/COM Figure 23: gate drive loop 3.4 Supply Capacitors c) Ground Plane The IR2x14x output stages are able to quickly turn on an IGBT, with up to 2 A of output current. The supply capacitors must be placed as close as possible to the device pins (VCC and VSS for the ground tied supply, VB and VS for the floating supply) in order to minimize parasitic inductance/resistance. Figure 24: layout example Information below refers to Fig. 24: Bootstrap section: R1, C1, D1 High side gate: R2, R3, R4 High side Desat: D2 Low side supply: C2 Low side gate: R5, R6, R7 Low side Desat: D3 www.irf.com © 2009 International Rectifier 21 IR21141/IR22141SSPbF VCCUV- Threshold (V) VCCUV+ Threshold (V) Figures 25-83 provide information on the experimental performance of the IR21141/IR22141SSPbF HVIC. The line plotted in each figure is generated from actual lab data. A large number of individual samples from multiple wafer lots were tested at three temperatures (-40 ºC, 25 ºC, and 125 ºC) in order to generate the experimental (Exp.) curve. The line labeled Exp. consist of three data points (one data point at each of the tested temperatures) that have been connected together to illustrate the understood trend. The individual data points on the curve were determined by calculating the averaged experimental value of the parameter (for a given temperature). 10.30 10.25 10.20 10.15 10.10 10.05 9.60 9.55 9.50 9.45 9.40 9.35 9.30 9.25 Exp. 10.00 Exp. 9.20 9.95 9.15 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 -50 -25 0 o V BSUV- ThresholdThreshold (V) VBSUV+ Threshold Threshold (V) 100 125 Figure 26. VCCUV- Threshold vs. Temperature 10.45 10.40 10.35 10.30 10.25 10.20 Exp. 10.05 9.70 9.65 9.60 9.55 9.50 9.45 9.40 9.35 Exp. 9.30 9.25 10.00 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 -50 125 -25 0 VCC Quiescent Current (mA) 500 400 Exp. 200 100 0 0 25 50 75 75 100 125 Figure 28. VBSUV- Threshold vs. Temperature 600 -25 50 Temperature ( C) Figure 27. V BSUV+ Threshold vs. Temperature -50 25 o Temperature (oC) VBS Quiescent Current (uA) 75 Temperature ( C) Figure 25. VCCUV+ Threshold vs. Temperature 300 50 o Temperature ( C) 10.15 10.10 25 100 1.00 0.90 0.80 0.70 0.60 0.50 0.40 0.30 0.20 0.10 0.00 Exp. -50 125 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 o o Temperature ( C) Temperature ( C) Figure 30. V CC Quiescent Current vs. Temperature Figure 29. VBS Quiescent Current vs. Temperature www.irf.com © 2009 International Rectifier 22 V IL Logic Input Voltage (V) V IH Logic Input Voltage (V) IR21141/IR22141SSPbF 2.70 2.30 1.90 Exp. 1.50 1.10 2.10 1.80 1.50 1.20 Exp. 0.90 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 -50 -25 0 o 100 125 Figure 32. VIL Logic Input Voltage vs. Temperature LIN Logic "1" Input Voltage (V) VIHSS HIN Logic Input Hysteresis (V) 75 Temperature ( C) Figure 31. VIH Logic Input Voltage vs. Temperature 0.60 Exp. 0.40 0.30 0.20 0.10 2.20 1.90 Exp. 1.60 1.30 1.00 0.00 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 -50 125 -25 0 VIHSS LIN Logic Input Hysteresis (V) 1.90 1.60 1.30 Exp. 1.00 0.70 0 25 50 75 100 125 Figure 34. LIN Logic "1" Input Voltage vs. Temperature Figure 33. VIHSS HIN Logic Input Hysteresis vs. Temperature -25 50 Temperature ( C) Temperature ( C) -50 25 o o LIN Logic "0" Input Voltage (V) 50 o Temperature ( C) 0.50 25 75 100 125 o 0.90 0.70 Exp. 0.50 0.30 0.10 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 o Temperature ( C) Temperature ( C) Figure 35. LIN Logic "0" Input Voltage vs. Temperature Figure 36. VIHSS LIN Logic Input Hysteresis vs. Temperature www.irf.com © 2009 International Rectifier 23 2.30 2.00 Exp. 1.70 1.40 1.10 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 o Temperature ( C) VIL FLTCLR Logic Input Hysteresis (V) VIH FLTCLR Logic Input Voltage (V) IR21141/IR22141SSPbF Exp. 1.10 0.80 -50 -25 0 0.60 Exp. 0.40 0.30 75 100 125 o 2.10 1.70 Exp. 1.30 0.90 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 -50 125 -25 0 1.70 Exp. 0.90 0.50 25 50 75 100 125 VIHSS SD Logic Input Hysteresis (V) 2.10 0 75 100 125 Figure 40. VIH SD Logic Input Voltage vs. Temperature Figure 39. VIHSS FLTCLR Logic Input Hysteresis vs. Temperature -25 50 Temperature ( C) Temperature ( C) -50 25 o o VIL SD Logic Input Voltage (V) 50 0.50 0.20 1.30 25 Figure 38. VIL FLTCLR Logic Input Voltage vs. Temperature V IH SD Logic Input Voltage (V) VIHSS FLTCLR Logic Input Hysteresis (V) 1.40 Temperature ( C) Figure 37. VIH FLTCLR Logic Input Voltage vs. Temperature 0.50 1.70 0.60 0.50 Exp. 0.40 0.30 0.20 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 o o Temperature ( C) Temperature ( C) Figure 42. VIHSS SD Logic Input Hysteresis vs. Temperature Figure 41. VIL SD Logic Input Voltage vs. Temperature www.irf.com © 2009 International Rectifier 24 V IL SYFLT Logic Input Voltage (V) V IH SYFLT Logic Input Voltage (V) IR21141/IR22141SSPbF 2.40 2.00 Exp. 1.60 1.20 0.80 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 2.40 2.00 1.60 Exp. 1.20 0.80 -50 -25 0 o 100 125 Figure 44. VIL SYFLT Logic Input Voltage vs. Temperature 60 0.60 0.50 50 Exp. VOL LO (mV) VIHSS SYFLT Logic Input Hysteresis (V) 75 Temperature ( C) Figure 43. VIH SYFLT Logic Input Voltage vs. Temperature 0.40 0.30 0.20 40 Exp. 30 20 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 -50 -25 0 Temperature (oC) 25 50 75 100 125 100 125 o Temperature ( C) Figure 45. VIHSS SYFLT Logic Input Hysteresis vs. Temperature Figure 46. VOL LO vs. Temperature 900 65 725 55 V OL HO (mV) VOH LO (mV) 50 o Temperature ( C) 550 375 25 Exp. 45 Exp. 35 25 200 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 -50 125 -25 0 25 50 75 Temperature (oC) Temperature (oC) Figure 48. VOL HO vs. Temperature Figure 47. VOH LO vs. Temperature www.irf.com © 2009 International Rectifier 25 VDSH+ DSH Input Voltage (V) IR21141/IR22141SSPbF 900 VOH HO (mV) 725 550 Exp. 375 200 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 9 Exp. 8 7 6 5 -50 -25 0 25 VDSH- DSH Input Voltage (V) VDSL+ DSL Input Voltage (V) 9 9 8 Exp. 8 25 50 75 100 7.60 Exp. 6.90 6.20 125 -25 0 7.50 Exp. 6.50 6.00 0 25 50 75 100 125 FAULT/SD Open Drain Resistance (Ω) VDSL- DSL Input Voltage (V) 8.00 -25 50 75 100 125 Figure 52. VDSH- DSH Input Voltage vs. Temperature Figure 51. VDSL+ DSL Input Voltage vs. Temperature -50 25 Temperature (oC) Temperature (oC) 7.00 125 8.30 5.50 -50 7 0 100 Figure 50. VDSH+ DSH Input Voltage vs. Temperature Figure 49. VOH HO vs. Temperature -25 75 Temperature ( C) Temperature ( C) -50 50 o o 90 75 60 45 Exp. 30 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 Temperature (oC) Temperature (oC) Figure 54. FAULT/SD Open Drain Resistance vs. Temperature Figure 53. VDSL- DSL Input Voltage vs. Temperature www.irf.com © 2009 International Rectifier 26 130 DTL Off Deadtime (ns) SY_FLT Open Drain Resistance (Ω) IR21141/IR22141SSPbF 105 80 55 Exp. 30 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 490 430 370 Exp. 310 250 -50 125 -25 0 Temperature (oC) 75 100 125 Temperature ( C) Figure 56. DTL Off Deadtime vs. Temperature TonH Propagation Delay (ns) DTH Off Deadtime (ns) 50 o Figure 55. SY_FLT Open Drain Resistance vs. Temperature 490 430 Exp. 370 310 780 660 540 Exp. 420 300 250 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 -50 125 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 o o Temperature ( C) Temperature ( C) Figure 58. TonH Propagation Delay vs. Temperature Figure 57. DTH Off Deadtime vs. Temperature 32 780 TrH Turn On Rise Time (ns) ToffH Propagation Delay (ns) 25 660 540 420 Exp. 28 24 20 Exp. 16 12 300 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 -50 125 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 o Temperature ( C) o Temperature ( C) Figure 60. TrH Turn On Rise Time vs. Temperature Figure 59. ToffH Propagation Delay vs. Temperature www.irf.com © 2009 International Rectifier 27 TonL Propagation Delay (ns) TfH Turn Off Fall Time (ns) ) IR21141/IR22141SSPbF 18 15 12 Exp. 9 780 660 540 Exp. 420 300 6 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 -50 125 -25 0 75 100 125 Figure 62. TonL Propagation Delay vs. Temperature 780 TrL Turn On Rise Time (ns) ToffL Propagation Delay (ns) 50 Temperature ( C) Temperature ( C) Figure 61. TfH Turn Off Fall Time vs. Temperature 660 540 Exp. 420 300 40 33 26 Exp. 19 12 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 -50 -25 0 Temperature (oC) 25 50 75 100 125 o Temperature ( C) Figure 63. ToffL Propagation Delay vs. Temperature Figure 64. TrL Turn On Rise Time vs. Temperature 20 6 16 5 tDSAT1 (us) TfL Turn Off Fall Time (ns) 25 o o 12 Exp. Exp. 4 3 8 4 2 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 Temperature (oC) -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 o Temperature ( C) Figure 65. TfL Turn Off Fall Time vs. Temperature Figure 66. tDSAT1 vs. Temperature www.irf.com © 2009 International Rectifier 28 3 6 3 5 t DSAT3 (us) tDSAT2 (us) IR21141/IR22141SSPbF 2 Exp. 2 1 Exp. 4 3 2 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 -50 -25 0 25 o Figure 67. tDSAT2 vs. Temperature 100 125 Figure 68. tDSAT3 vs. Temperature 4.50 17 3.50 14 t SSH (us) t DSAT4 (us) 75 Temperature (oC) Temperature ( C) 2.50 Exp. 1.50 Exp. 11 8 0.50 5 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 -50 -25 0 25 o 50 75 100 125 100 125 o Temperature ( C) Temperature ( C) Figure 69. tDSAT4 vs. Temperature IO2+H SC Pulsed Current (A) Figure 70. tSSH vs. Temperature 17 14 tSSL (us) 50 Exp. 11 8 1.80 1.45 1.10 Exp. 0.75 0.40 5 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 o o Temperature ( C) Temperature ( C) Figure 72. IO2+H SC Pulsed Current vs. Temperature Figure 71. tSSL vs. Temperature www.irf.com © 2009 International Rectifier 29 IO-H SC Pulsed Current (A) IR21141/IR22141SSPbF IO2+L SC Pulsed Current (A) 1.80 1.45 Exp. 1.10 0.75 0.40 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 3.25 2.80 Exp. 2.35 1.90 1.45 -50 125 -25 0 Temperature (oC) 75 100 125 Figure 74. IO-H SC Pulsed Current vs. Temperature 3.50 900 3.05 700 Exp. 2.60 t ON1H (ns) IO-L SC Pulsed Current (A) 50 Temperature (oC) Figure 73. IO2+L SC Pulsed Current vs. Temperature 2.15 Exp. 500 300 1.70 1.25 100 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 -50 -25 0 o 50 75 100 125 100 125 Temperature ( C) Figure 75. IO-L SC Pulsed Current vs. Temperature IO1+H SC Pulsed Current (A) Figure 76. tON1H vs. Temperature 500 400 Exp. 300 25 o Temperature ( C) tON1L (ns) 25 200 3.00 2.50 2.00 Exp. 1.50 1.00 100 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 o Temperature (oC) Temperature ( C) Figure 78. IO1+H SC Pulsed Current vs. Temperature Figure 77. tON1L vs. Temperature www.irf.com © 2009 International Rectifier 30 IHIN+ Logic "1" Input Bias Current (uA) IO1+L SC Pulsed Current (ns) IR21141/IR22141SSPbF 4 3 Exp. 2 1 0 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 900 700 500 300 Exp. 100 -50 -25 0 0.02 Exp. -0.08 -0.13 -0.18 -0.23 -0.28 -25 0 25 50 100 125 75 100 125 900 700 500 300 Exp. 100 -50 -25 o 0 25 50 75 100 125 o Temperature ( C) Temperature ( C) Figure 81. IHIN- Logic "0" Input Bias Currentvs. Temperature ILIN- Logic "0" Input Bias Current (uA) 75 Figure 80. IHIN+ Logic "1" Input Bias Current vs. Temperature ILIN+ Logic "1" Input Bias Current (uA) IHIN- Logic "0" Input Bias Current (uA) Figure 79. IO1+L SC Pulsed Current vs. Temperature -50 50 Temperature ( C) Temperature ( C) -0.03 25 o o Figure 82. ILIN+ Logic "1" Input Bias Current vs. Temperature 0.02 -0.03 Exp. -0.08 -0.13 -0.18 -0.23 -0.28 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 o Temperature ( C) Figure 83. ILIN- Logic "0" Input Bias Current vs. Temperature www.irf.com © 2009 International Rectifier 31 IR21141/IR22141SSPbF Case Outline www.irf.com © 2009 International Rectifier 32 IR21141/IR22141SSPbF LOADED TAPE FEED DIRECTION A B H D F C NOTE : CONTROLLING DIMENSION IN M M E G CARRIER TAPE DIMENSION FOR 24SSOP:2000 units per reel Metric Min Max 11.90 12.10 3.90 4.10 15.70 16.30 7.40 7.60 8.30 8.50 8.50 8.70 1.50 n/a 1.50 1.60 Code A B C D E F G H Imperial Min Max 0.468 0.476 0.153 0.161 0.618 0.641 0.291 0.299 0.326 0.334 0.334 0.342 0.059 n/a 0.059 0.062 F D C B A E G H REEL DIMENSIONS FOR 24SSOP Metric Code Min Max A 329.60 330.25 B 20.95 21.45 C 12.80 13.20 D 1.95 2.45 E 98.00 102.00 F n/a 22.40 G 18.50 21.10 H 16.40 18.40 www.irf.com Imperial Min Max 12.976 13.001 0.824 0.844 0.503 0.519 0.767 0.096 3.858 4.015 n/a 0.881 0.728 0.830 0.645 0.724 © 2009 International Rectifier 33 IR21141/IR22141SSPbF ORDER INFORMATION 24-Lead SSOP IR21141SSPbF 24-Lead SSOP IR22141SSPbF 24-Lead SSOP Tape & Reel IR21141SSPbF 24-Lead SSOP Tape & Reel IR22141SSPbF WORLDWIDE HEADQUARTERS: 233 Kansas Street, El Segundo, CA 90245 Tel: (310) 252-7105 This part has been qualified per industrial level http://www.irf.com Data and specifications subject to change without notice. 5/18/2006 www.irf.com © 2009 International Rectifier 34