DCM™ in a VIA Package
DC-DC Converter
DCM3414x75H53C2yzz
®
C
S
US
C
NRTL
US
Isolated, Regulated DC Converter
Features & Benefits
Product Ratings
• Isolated, regulated DC-to-DC converter
• Up to 320 W, 6.67 A continuous
• 92.4% peak efficiency
• 183 W/in3 Power density
VIN = 36 V to 75 V
POUT = 320 W
VOUT = 48.0 V
(28.8 V to 52.8 V Trim)
IOUT = 6.67 A
Product Description
• Wide input range 36 – 75 Vdc
• Safety Extra Low Voltage (SELV) 48.0 V Nominal Output
• ZVS high frequency switching
• Allows remote sense or local sense operation
• Tight regulation over all line and load conditions
• Fully operational current limit
• OV, OC, UV, short circuit and thermal protection
• Available in chassis mount and through hole VIA package
n 3.380” x 1.400” x 0.370”
(85.93 mm x 35.5 mm x 9.40 mm)
The DCM in a VIA package is an Isolated, Regulated DC-to-DC
Converter, operating from an unregulated, wide range input to
generate an isolated 48.0 Vdc output. With its high frequency
zero voltage switching (ZVS) topology, the DCM converter
consistently delivers high efficiency across the input line range.
The DCM provides tight output voltage regulation and offers a
secondary-referenced control interface for trim, enable, and
remote sense operation. DCM converters and downstream DCDC products support efficient power distribution, providing
superior power system performance and connectivity from a
variety of unregulated power sources to the point-of-load.
The VIA package offers flexible thermal management options
with very low top and bottom side thermal impedances.
Typical Applications
•
•
•
•
Industrial
Process Control
Heavy Equipment
Defense / Aeorspace
Size:
3.380 x 1.400 x 0.370 in
85.93 x 35.5 x 9.40 mm
Part Ordering Information
[1]
[2]
Product
Function
Package
Length
Package
Width
Package
Type
Max
Input
Voltage
Range
Ratio
Max
Output
Voltage
Max
Output
Power
Product Grade
(Case Temperature)
DCM
34
14
x
75
H
53
C2
y
DCM =
DC-DC
Converter
Length in
Inches x 10
Width in
Inches x 10
B = Board VIA
V = Chassis VIA
Internal Reference
High Temperature Power Derating may apply, see Thermal Specified Operating Area, Figure 1 on Page 4.
M-Grade available on selected models. Consult vicorpower.com for details.
DCM™ in a VIA Package
Rev 1.1
vicorpower.com
Page 1 of 22
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800 927.9474
C = -20 to 100°C[1]
T = -40 to 100°C[1]
M = -55 to 100°C[1][2]
Option Field
z
z
01 = Chassis/Analog
05 = Short Pin/Analog
09 = Long Pin/Analog
DCM3414x75H53C2yzz
Typical Application
Load 1
DCMTM in a VIA package
F
VIN
+IN
+OUT
VDDE
EN
TR
-SENSE
+SENSE
C
-IN
COUT-EXT
-OUT
Non-isolated
Point-of-Load
Regulator
Load 2
Typical Application: Single DCM3414x75H53C2yzz in Local Sense Operation, to a non-isolated regulator, and direct to load
DCM™ in a VIA Package
Rev 1.1
vicorpower.com
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DCM3414x75H53C2yzz
Pin Configuration
TOP VIEW
+IN 1
–IN 2
3
+OUT
5
6
7
8
9
VDDE
EN
TR
–SENSE
+SENSE
4
–OUT
4
–OUT
9
8
7
6
5
+SENSE
–SENSE
TR
EN
VDDE
3
+OUT
DCM in a VIA package - Chassis Mount
TOP VIEW
–IN 2
+IN 1
DCM in a VIA package - PCB Mount
Note: The dot on the VIA housing indicates the location of the control pin 9 (+SENSE pin).
Pin Descriptions
Pin
Number
Signal Name
Type
1
+IN
INPUT POWER
Positive input power terminal
2
–IN
INPUT POWER
RETURN
Negative input power terminal
3
+OUT
OUTPUT POWER
Positive output power terminal
4
–OUT
OUTPUT POWER
RETURN
Negative output power terminal
5
VDDE
POWER INPUT
6
EN
CONTROL INPUT
Enables and disables DCM. Needs VDDE preapplied
7
TR
CONTROL INPUT
Enables and disables trim functionality. Adjusts output voltage when trim active.
8
–SENSE
CONTROL INPUT
Negative sense pin, required for Remote Sense Operation. In Local Sense
Operation, it can be tied directly to –OUT to achieve better regulation accuracy.
9
+SENSE
CONTROL INPUT
Positive sense pin, required for Remote Sense Operation. In Local Sense
Operation, it can be tied directly to +OUT to achieve better regulation accuracy.
Function
External power supply for internal controller
Note: All control inputs (EN, TR, –SENSE, +SENSE) are referenced to the secondary of the DCM and isolated from the primary.
DCM™ in a VIA Package
Rev 1.1
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DCM3414x75H53C2yzz
Absolute Maximum Ratings
The absolute maximum ratings below are stress ratings only. Operation at or beyond these maximum ratings can cause permanent damage to the device.
Electrical specifications do not apply when operating beyond rated operating conditions.
Parameter
Comments
Min
Max
Unit
Input Voltage (+IN to –IN)
C Grade, T Grade
-0.5
90
V
Input Voltage (+IN to –IN)*
M Grade (continuous absolute maximum input voltage)**
-0.5
90
V
1
V/µs
Input Voltage Slew Rate
TR to –OUT
-0.3
3.5
V
EN to –OUT
-0.3
3.5
V
VDDE to –OUT
0
12
V
–SENSE to –OUT
0
2.225
V
+OUT to +SENSE
0
2.225
V
+SENSE to –OUT
0
62.4
V
Output Voltage (+Out to –Out)
-0.5
63.5
V
Dielectric withstand (input to output)
2250
Internal Operating Temperature
Storage Temperature
Vdc
C Grade
-20
125
°C
T Grade
-40
125
°C
M Grade
-55
125
°C
C Grade
-20
125
°C
T Grade
-40
125
°C
M Grade
-65
125
°C
6.7
A
Average Output Current
* LVMFM + 16 – 50 V input range products guarantees MIL-STD 461E/F & MIL-STD 1275 D/E.
** Applicable only for 16 – 50 V input range products.
Figure 1 — Thermal Specified Operating Area: Max Output Power
Figure 2 — Electrical Specified Operating Area
vs. Case Temp, Single unit at minimum full load efficiency
DCM™ in a VIA Package
Rev 1.1
vicorpower.com
Page 4 of 22
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DCM3414x75H53C2yzz
Electrical Specifications
Specifications apply over all line, trim and load conditions, internal temperature TINT = 25ºC, unless otherwise noted. Boldface specifications apply over the
temperature range specified by the product grade.
Attribute
Symbol
Conditions / Notes
Min
Typ
Max
Unit
36
48
75
V
12.0
A
Power Input Specification
Input voltage range
VIN
Continuous operation
Inrush current (peak)
IINRP
With maximum COUT-EXT, full resistive load
Input capacitance (internal)
CIN-INT
Effective value at nominal input voltage
17.6
Input capacitance (internal) ESR
RCIN-INT
At 1 MHz
0.40
Input inductance (external)
LIN
Differential mode, with no further line bypassing
µF
mΩ
1
µH
0.7
W
0.8
W
8.2
W
6.9
W
No Load Specification
Nominal line, see Fig. 3
Input power – disabled
PQ
0.6
Worst case line, see Fig. 3
Nominal line, see Fig. 4
Input power – enabled with no load
PNL
3.0
Worst case line, see Fig. 4
Power Output Specification
Output voltage set point
Rated output voltage trim range
VOUT accuracy
VOUT-NOM
VOUT-TRIMMING
%VOUTACCURACY
VOUT accuracy with Sense Pins
floating
VOUT accuracy with trim active
%VOUTACCURACY-SF
%VOUTACCURACY-TRIM
VOUT accuracy light load
%VOUTACCURACY-LL
Rated output power
POUT
Rated output current
IOUT
47.76
48.0
48.24
V
28.8
48.0
52.8
V
Total output voltage setpoint accuracy for all line
conditions and for all load conditions above 10%
of rated load, with trim inactive and SENSE pins
connected (either at the load for remote sense, or at
the DCM output for local sense)
0.5
%
Total output voltage setpoint accuracy for all line
conditions and for all load conditions above 10%
of rated load, with trim inactive and Sense Pins
floating (Local Sense only)
1.0
%
Total output voltage setpoint accuracy for all line
conditions and for all load conditions above 10%
of rated load, with trim active
2.0
%
Total output voltage setpoint accuracy for all line and
trim conditions, for load conditions below or equal to
10% of rated load
5.0
%
Trim range over temp.
Specifies the Low, Nominal and High Trim conditions.
Continuous, VOUT ≥ 48.0 V
Continuous, VOUT ≤ 48.0 V
320
W
6.67
A
100
Output current limit
IOUT-LM
Of rated IOUT max. Fully operational current limit, for
nominal trim and below
Current limit delay
tIOUT-LIM
The module will power limit in a fast transient event
Efficiency
η
120
144
%
1
ms
91.9
%
Full load, nominal line, nominal trim
90.8
Full load, over line and temperature, nominal trim
89.1
%
50% load, over rated line, temperature and trim
87.3
%
Output voltage ripple
VOUT-PP
Over all operating steady-state line, load and trim
conditions, 20 MHz BW, with minimum COUT-EXT
Output capacitance (internal)
COUT-INT
Effective value at nominal output voltage
Output capacitance (internal) ESR
RCOUT-INT
At 1 MHz
DCM™ in a VIA Package
Rev 1.1
vicorpower.com
Page 5 of 22
07/2017
800 927.9474
390
mV
17
µF
0.18
mΩ
DCM3414x75H53C2yzz
Electrical Specifications (cont.)
Specifications apply over all line, trim and load conditions, internal temperature TINT = 25ºC, unless otherwise noted. Boldface specifications apply over the
temperature range specified by the product grade.
Attribute
Symbol
Conditions / Notes
Min
Typ
Max
Unit
220
2200
µF
1600
2200
µF
Power Output Specifications (Cont.)
Output capacitance (external)
Output capacitance (external)
Output capacitance, ESR (ext.)
Initialization delay
TRANSIENT
Excludes component temperature coefficient. For load
transients that remain > 10% rated load
Excludes component temperature coefficient. For load
transients down to 0% rated load
RCOUT-EXT
At 10 kHz, excludes component tolerances
COUT-EXT
COUT-EXT-
10
mΩ
tINIT
See state diagram
25
Output turn-on delay
tON
From rising edge EN, with VDDE pre-applied.
See timing diagram
200
Output turn-off delay
tOFF
From falling edge EN. See timing diagram
Soft start ramp time
tSS
Full load (soft-start ramp time) with minimum COUT-EXT
VOUT threshold for max
rated load current
IOUT at startup
Monotonic soft-start threshold
voltage
Minimum required disabled duration
Minimum required disabled duration
for predictable restart
Voltage deviation (transient)
Settling time
VOUT-FL-THRESH
IOUT-START
VOUT-MONOTONIC
is below VOUT-FL-THRESH
Output voltage rise becomes monotonic with 1% of
preload once it crosses VOUT-MONOTONIC
ms
µs
600
300
During startup, VOUT must achieve this threshold before
output can support full rated current
Max load current at startup while VOUT
40
µs
ms
24.0
0.67
V
A
7.0
V
tOFF-MIN
This refers to the minimum time a module needs to be
in the disabled state before it will attempt to start via EN
2
ms
tOFF-MONOTONIC
This refers to the minimum time a module needs to be in
the disabled state before it is guaranteed to exhibit
monotonic soft-start and have predictable startup timing
100
ms
%VOUT-TRANS
tSETTLE
Minimum COUT_EXT (10 ↔ 90% load step)
<10
%
2.0
ms
Powertrain Protections
Input Voltage Initialization threshold
Threshold to start tINIT delay
6.0
VIN-RESET
Input undervoltage lockout threshold
VIN-UVLO-
Input undervoltage recovery threshold
VIN-UVLO+
Input overvoltage lockout threshold*
VIN-OVLO+
Input overvoltage recovery threshold*
VIN-OVLO-
See Timing diagram
75.0
V
Output overvoltage threshold
VOUT-OVP
Latched shutdown
61.0
V
Minimum current limited VOUT
VOUT-UVP
Over all operating steady-state line and trim conditions
Overtemperature threshold (internal)
TINT-OTP
tOVLO-SW
VIN overvoltage response time
tOVLO
VIN undervoltage response time
tUVLO
Short circuit, or temperature fault
recovery time
3.0
V
21.6
See Timing diagram
tSC
tFAULT
34.2
V
36.0
V
83.0
V
19.2
130.0
490.0
Independent of fault logic
1.5
For fault logic only
Powertrain on, operational state
See Timing diagram
1
Input OVLO protection specifications do not apply for 16 – 50 V input range M Grade products.
DCM™ in a VIA Package
Rev 1.1
vicorpower.com
Page 6 of 22
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V
°C
PLIM
VIN overvoltage to cessation of
powertrain switching
Short circuit response time
Latching faults will clear once VIN falls below VIN-RESET
V
Input Voltage Reset threshold
Power limit
*
VIN-INIT
W
µs
200
µs
100
ms
200
µs
s
DCM3414x75H53C2yzz
Signal Specifications
Specifications apply over all line, trim and load conditions, internal temperature TINT = 25ºC, unless otherwise noted. Boldface specifications apply over the
temperature range specified by the product grade. Please note: For chassis mount models, Vicor part number 42550 will be needed for applications
requiring the use of signal pins (Enable, Trim and Sense functions).[2]
Enable: EN
• The EN pin enables and disables the DCM; when held low the unit will be disabled.
• The EN pin is activated only if VDDE is preapplied before VIN is applied. Otherwise, EN is inactive and will be ignored until VIN is removed and reapplied.
Additonally, if VDDE is removed at any time, EN will return to inactive mode.
• The EN pin is referred to the –OUT of the converter and isolated from the primary side
SIGNAL TYPE
DIGITAL
INPUT
STATE
Any
ATTRIBUTE
SYMBOL
EN enable threshold
VENABLE-EN
EN disable threshold
VENABLE-DIS
Internally generated VCC
EN internal pull up
resistance to VCC
CONDITIONS / NOTES
Needs VDDE preapplied
VCC
MIN
MAX
UNIT
2.31
V
0.99
3.23
RENABLE-INT
NOM
V
3.30
3.37
0.990 1.000 1.010
V
kΩ
Trim: TR
• The TR pin enables and disables trim functionality when VIN is initially applied to the DCM converter.
When Vin first crosses VIN-UVLO+, the voltage on TR determines whether or not trim is active.
• If TR is not floating at power up and has a voltage less than TR trim enable threshold, trim is active.
• If trim is active, the TR pin provides dynamic trim control with at least 250 Hz of -3dB control bandwidth over the output voltage of the
DCM converter.
• The TR pin has an internal pull-up to VCC and is referenced to the –OUT pin of the converter.
• VTRIM-RANGE represents the trim pin functional limits only. Module performance is guaranteed within rated output voltage trim range VOUT-TRIMMING,
see electrical specification on page 5.
SIGNAL TYPE
DIGITAL
INPUT
ANALOG
INPUT
STATE
ATTRIBUTE
SYMBOL
TR trim disable threshold
VTRIM-DIS
Trim disabled when TR above this threshold
at power up
TR trim enable threshold
VTRIM-EN
Trim enabled when TR below this threshold
at power up
Internally generated VCC
VCC
TR pin functional range
VTRIM-RANGE
Startup
Operational
with Trim
enabled
VOUT referred TR
pin resolution
VOUT-RES
TR internal pull up
resistance to VCC
RTRIM-INT
CONDITIONS / NOTES
Functional limits only
MIN
NOM
MAX
UNIT
3.20
V
3.10
V
3.23
3.30
3.37
V
0.00
2.37
3.10
V
With VCC = 3.3 V
35.16
mV
0.999 1.000 1.001
kΩ
VDDE
• VDDE powers the internal controller.
• VDDE needs to be preapplied before VIN in order to activate EN functionalities.
• If not preapplied, VDDE is derived from VOUT; however, in this case, the enable function is not activated (the unit is always enabled and can be disabled
only by removing VIN.)
• If VDDE is removed during operation, the unit will return in"always enabled" mode, ignoring the EN pin until VDDE is reapplied and VIN is cycled.
SIGNAL TYPE
POWER
INPUT
[2]
STATE
Any
ATTRIBUTE
SYMBOL
Power input for internal
controller
VDDE
VDDE current
consumption
IVDDE
CONDITIONS / NOTES
MIN
NOM
MAX
UNIT
4
5
10
V
35
50
mA
Signal cable 42550 is rated for up to 5 insertions and extractions. To avoid unnecessary stress on the connector, the cable should be tied to the chassis.
DCM™ in a VIA Package
Rev 1.1
vicorpower.com
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DCM3414x75H53C2yzz
Signal Specifications (Cont.)
Specifications apply over all line, trim and load conditions, internal temperature TINT = 25ºC, unless otherwise noted. Boldface specifications apply over the
temperature range specified by the product grade. Please note: For chassis mount models, Vicor part number 42550 will be needed for applications
requiring the use of signal pins (Enable, Trim and Sense functions).
+SENSE, –SENSE
• Provide Remote Sense capability.
• If floating, the DCM automatically implements Local Sense Operation. To achieve maximum regulation accuracy in local sense, the SENSE
pins should be connected directly to their respective OUT pins. If SENSE pins are floating, the regulation accuracy degrades
(see “VOUT accuracy with Sense Pins floating” on Page 5).
DCMTM in a VIA package
RLINE
+SENSE
+
+
VOUT
-SENSE
LLINE
VLOAD
-
COUT-EXT
-
RLINE
L
O
A
D
LLINE
• Module performance is guaranteed for ΔVOUT_TO_LOAD within rated limits specified below. For ΔVOUT_TO_LOAD higher than the specified limits, regulation
accuracy is not guaranteed. Also, high ΔVOUT_TO_LOAD might trigger OVP (for above nominal trim conditions), and might cause load voltage runaway
(which might trigger UVP).
ATTRIBUTE
Remote Sense rated Voltage Drop
SYMBOL
ΔVOUT_TO_LOAD
CONDITIONS / NOTES
Rated voltage drop between DCM package output
and sense point at the load, in Remote Sense
Operation. Module performance is guaranteed for
ΔVOUT_TO_LOAD below this threshold.
DCM™ in a VIA Package
Rev 1.1
vicorpower.com
Page 8 of 22
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800 927.9474
MIN
NOM
MAX
UNIT
480
mV
DCM3414x75H53C2yzz
Timing Diagrams
tOFF
Output
DCM™ in a VIA Package
Rev 1.1
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ILOAD
FULL LOAD
IOUT
VOUT
VOUT-UVP
VOUT-NOM
TR
VTR-DIS
Input
EN
VIN
VIN-UVLO+/VIN-INIT
VIN-OVLO+/-
tINIT
tON
1
Input Power On
- Trim Inactive
tSS
2
3
Ramp to TR
Full Load Ignored
4
EN
Low
tMIN_OFF
5
EN
High
tSS
tON
tOFF
6
Input
OVLO
tSS
tOFF
7
Input
UVLO
tSS
tOFF
8
Input
returned
to zero
Module Inputs are shown in blue; Module Outputs are shown in brown. Timing diagrams assume VDDE pre-applied. Without
VDDE pre-applied, EN is ignored, EN and Trim will go high after VOUT. All other behaviors (OVLO, UVLO, OVP, etc.)
will remain the same.
Output
Input
DCM™ in a VIA Package
Rev 1.1
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Page 10 of 22
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ILOAD
IOUT
FULL LOAD
VOUT
VOUT-UVP
VOUT-NOM
TR
VTR = nom
VTR-EN
EN
VIN
VIN-UVLO+/VIN-INIT
VIN-OVLO+/-
tINIT
tON
9
Input Power On
- Trim Active
tSS
VOUT-OVP
10
Vout
based on
VTR
tOFF
11
Load dump
and reverse
current
tINIT
tON
tSS
12
Vout OVP
(primary
sensed)
13
Latched
fault cleared
RLOAD
tIOUT-LIM
14
Current Limit
with Resistive
Load
tFAULT
15
Resistive
Load with
decreasing R
tINIT
16
Overload induced
Output UVP
tON
tSS
DCM3414x75H53C2yzz
Timing Diagrams (Cont.)
Module Inputs are shown in blue; Module Outputs are shown in brown. Timing diagrams assume VDDE pre-applied. Without
VDDE pre-applied, EN is ignored, EN and Trim will go high after VOUT. All other behaviors (OVLO, UVLO, OVP, etc.)
will remain the same.
DCM3414x75H53C2yzz
Typical Performance Characteristics
The following figures present typical performance at TC = 25ºC, unless otherwise noted. See associated figures for general trend data.
Figure 3 — Disabled power dissipation vs. VIN
Figure 6 — 10% to 100% load transient response, VIN = 48 V,
nominal trim, COUT_EXT = 220 µF
Figure 4 — No load power dissipation vs. VIN, at nominal trim
Figure 7 — Full Load Efficiency vs. VIN, at low trim
Figure 5 — 100% to 10% load transient response, VIN = 48 V,
Figure 8 — Full Load Efficiency vs. VIN, at nominal trim
nominal trim, COUT_EXT = 220 µF
DCM™ in a VIA Package
Rev 1.1
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DCM3414x75H53C2yzz
Typical Performance Characteristics (cont.)
Figure 12 — Efficiency (top three curves) and power dissipation
(bottom three curves) vs.load at TCASE = 85°C, nominal trim
Figure 9 — Full Load Efficiency vs. VIN, at high trim
The following figures present typical performance at TC = 25ºC, unless otherwise noted. See associated figures for general trend data.
Figure 10 — Efficiency (top three curves) and power dissipation
(bottom three curves) vs.load at TCASE = -40°C, nominal trim
Figure 13 — Nominal powertrain switching frequency vs. load,
at nominal trim
Figure 11 — Efficiency (top three curves) and power dissipation
(bottom three curves) vs.load at TCASE = 25°C, nominal trim
Figure 14 — Effective internal input capacitance vs. applied voltage
DCM™ in a VIA Package
Rev 1.1
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DCM3414x75H53C2yzz
Typical Performance Characteristics (cont.)
The following figures present typical performance at TC = 25ºC, unless otherwise noted. See associated figures for general trend data.
Figure 15 —Startup from EN, VIN = 48 V, COUT_EXT = 2200 µF,
RLOAD = 7.200 Ω
Figure 16 — Nominal powertrain switching frequency vs. load,
at nominal VIN
Figure 17 — Output voltage ripple, VIN = 48 V,
VOUT = 48.0 V, COUT_EXT = 220 µF, RLOAD = 7.200 Ω
DCM™ in a VIA Package
Rev 1.1
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DCM3414x75H53C2yzz
General Characteristics
Specifications apply over all line, trim and load conditions, internal temperature TINT = 25ºC, unless otherwise noted. Boldface specifications apply over the
temperature range specified by the product grade.
Attribute
Symbol
Conditions / Notes
Min
Typ
Max
Unit
Mechanical [3]
Length
L
85.68/[3.37]
85.93/[3.38]
86.18/[3.39]
mm/[in]
Width
W
35.29/[1.39]
35.54/[1.4]
35.79/[1.41]
mm/[in]
Height
H
9.02/[0.36]
9.4/[0.37]
9.78/[0.39]
mm/[in]
Volume
Vol
Weight
W
No heat sink
28.40/[1.75]
cm3/[in3]
101.0/[3.56]
g/[oz]
Pin Material
C145 copper
Underplate
Low stress ductile Nickel
50
100
Palladium
0.8
6
Soft Gold
0.12
2
Whisker resistant matte Tin
200
400
µin
C-Grade
-20
125
°C
T-Grade
-40
125
°C
M-Grade
-55
125
°C
Pin Finish (Gold)
µin
µin
Pin Finish (Tin)
Thermal
Operating internal temperature
[5]
TINT
Thermal resistance top side
θINT_TOP
Thermal resistance housing
θHOU
Thermal resistance bottom side
θINT_BOT
Estimated thermal resistance to maximum
temperature internal component from
isothermal top housing
1.79
°C/W
Estimated thermal resistance from
top housing to bottom housing
0.54
°C/W
Estimated thermal resistance to
maximum temperature internal
component from isothermal bottom
housing
2.03
°C/W
35.0
Ws/°C
Thermal capacity
Assembly
Storage temperature
TST
C-Grade
-20
125
°C
T-Grade
-40
125
°C
M-Grade
-65
125
°C
HBM
Method per Human Body Model Test
ESDA/JEDEC JDS-001-2012
CLASS 1C
CDM
Charged Device Model JESD22-C101E
CLASS 2
ESD rating
V
Soldering [4]
Peak temperature top case
For further information, please contact
factory applications
[3]
130
Product appearance may change over time depending upon environmental exposure. This change has no impact on product performance.
Product is not intended for reflow solder attach.
[5] Temeperature refers to the internal operation of the DCM VIA. For maximum case temperature, please refer to figure 1.
[4]
DCM™ in a VIA Package
Rev 1.1
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°C
DCM3414x75H53C2yzz
General Characteristics (Cont.)
Specifications apply over all line, trim and load conditions, internal temperature TINT = 25ºC, unless otherwise noted. Boldface specifications apply over the
temperature range specified by the product grade.
Attribute
Symbol
Conditions / Notes
Min
Typ
Max
Unit
Safety
Dielectric Withstand Test
VHIPOT
IN to OUT
2250
Vdc
IN to CASE
2250
Vdc
OUT to CASE
707
Vdc
Reliability
MIL-HDBK-217Plus Parts Count - 25°C
Ground Benign, Stationary, Indoors /
MTBF
1.59
MHrs
2.20
MHrs
Compute
Telcordia Issue 2 - Method I Case III; 25°C
Ground Benign, Controlled
Agency Approvals
cTÜVus, EN 60950-1
Agency approvals/standards
cURus, UL 60950-1
CE Marked for Low Voltage Directive and RoHS Recast Directive, as applicable
DCM™ in a VIA Package
Rev 1.1
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Pin Functions
Design Guidelines
+IN, -IN
Building Blocks and System Design
The DCM converter input accepts the full 36 to 75 V range, and it
generates an isolated trimmable 48.0 Vdc output.
Input power pins.
+OUT, -OUT
Output power pins. –Out also serves as reference for the secondaryreferenced control pins.
EN (Enable)
This pin enables and disables the DCM converter; when held low the
unit will be disabled. It is referenced to the -OUT pin of the converter.
EN is active only if VDDE is preapplied before VIN is applied.
Otherwise, EN is inactive and will be ignored until VIN is removed
and reapplied.
n Output enable: When EN is allowed to pull up above the enable
threshold, the module will be enabled. If leaving EN floating, it is
pulled up to VCC and the module will be enabled.
n Output disable: EN may be pulled down externally in order
to disable the module.
n EN is an input only, it does not pull low in the event of a fault.
TR (Trim)
The TR pin is used to select the trim mode and to trim the output
voltage of the DCM converter. The TR pin has an internal pull-up
to VCC.
The DCM package will latch trim behavior at application of VIN (once
VIN exceeds VIN-UVLO+), and persist in that same behavior until loss of
input voltage.
n At application of VIN, if TR is sampled at above VTRIM-DIS, the
module will latch in a non-trim mode, and will ignore the TR
input for as long as VIN is present.
n At application of VIN, if TR is sampled at below VTRIM-EN, the TR
will serve as an input to control the real time output voltage. It
will persist in this behavior until VIN is no longer present.
If trim is active when the DCM is operating, the TR pin provides
dynamic trim control at a typical 250 Hz of -3dB bandwidth over the
output voltage. TR also decreases the current limit threshold when
trimming above VOUT-NOM.
+SENSE, –SENSE
These pins are Remote Sense pins, which allow the users to sense the
voltage at the point of load so that the DCM can use the load voltage
to regulate its output voltage accordingly. If “+SENSE” and “–SENSE”
are floating, Local Sense is implemented automatically.
However, when SENSE pins are floating, the regulation accuracy
deteriorates (see "VOUT accuracy with Sense pin floating" on
Page 5). To achieve maximum regulation accuracy, the SENSE pins
should be used also for local sense operation, by connecting them
directly to their respective OUT pins (+SENSE to +OUT and
-SENSE to -OUT).
Please note: For chassis mount models, Vicor part number 42550
will be needed for applications requiring the use of signal pins
(Enable, Trim and Sense functions).
The DCM converter provides a tightly regulated output voltage. With
trim inactive (TR pin floating), regulation accuracy is within 0.5% of
the setpoint for all line conditions and for any load above 10% of the
rated load. With trim active, regulation accuracy is within 2.0% for
all line conditions and for any load condition above 10%
of the rated load.
The DCM3414x75H53C2yzz is designed to be used in applications
where the output power requirements are up to 320 W.
Soft Start
When the DCM starts, it will go through a soft start. The soft start
routine ramps the output voltage by modulating the internal error
amplifier reference. This causes the output voltage to approximate a
piecewise linear ramp. The output ramp finishes when the voltage
reaches either the nominal output voltage, or the trimmed output
voltage in cases where trim mode is active.
During soft-start, the maximum load current capability is reduced.
Until Vout achieves at least VOUT-FL-THRESH, the output current must be
less than IOUT-START in order to guarantee startup. Note that this is
current available to the load, above that which is required to charge
the output capacitor.
Trim Mode and Output Trim Control
When the input voltage is initially applied to a DCM, and after tINIT
elapses, the trim pin voltage VTR is sampled. The TR pin has an
internal pull up resistor to VCC, so unless external circuitry pulls the
pin voltage lower, it will pull up to VCC. If the initially sampled trim
pin voltage is higher than VTRIM-DIS, then the DCM will disable
trimming as long as the VIN remains applied. In this case, for all
subsequent operation the output voltage will be programmed to the
nominal. This minimizes the support components required for
applications that only require the nominal rated VOUT, and also
provides the best output setpoint accuracy, as there are no additional
errors from external trim components.
If at initial application of VIN, the TR pin voltage is prevented from
exceeding VTRIM-EN, then the DCM will activate trim mode, and it will
remain active for as long as VIN is applied.
VOUT set point can be calculated using the equation below:
VOUT-TRIMMING = 26.400 + (30.049 • VTR/VCC)
(1)
Note that the trim mode is not changed when a DCM recovers from
any fault condition or being disabled.
Module performance is guaranteed through output voltage trim
range VOUT-TRIMMING. If VOUT is trimmed above this range, then certain
combinations of line and load transient conditions may trigger the
output OVP.
Output Current Limit
The DCM features a fully operational current limit which effectively
keeps the module operating inside the Safe Operating Area (SOA) for
all valid trim and load profiles. The current limit approximates a
“brick wall” limit, where the output current is
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Rev 1.1
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prevented from exceeding the current limit threshold by reducing
the output voltage via the internal error amplifier reference. The
current limit threshold at nominal trim and below is typically 120%
of rated output current, but it can vary between 100% to 144%. In
order to preserve the SOA, when the converter is trimmed above the
nominal output voltage, the current limit threshold is automatically
reduced to limit the available output power.
When the output current exceeds the current limit threshold, current
limit action is held off by 1ms, which permits the DCM to
momentarily deliver higher peak output currents to the load. Peak
output power during this time is still constrained by the internal
Power Limit of the module. The fast Power Limit and relatively slow
Current Limit work together to keep the module inside the SOA.
Delaying entry into current limit also permits the DCM to minimize
droop voltage for load steps.
Sustained operation in current limit is permitted, and no derating of
output power is required.
Current limit can reduce the output voltage to as little as the UVP
threshold (VOUT-UVP). Below this minimum output voltage
compliance level, further loading will cause the module to shut
down due to the output undervoltage fault protection.
Line Impedance, Input Slew rate and Input Stability Requirements
Connect a high-quality, low-noise power supply to the +IN and –IN
terminals. Additional capacitance may have to be added between +IN
and –IN to make up for impedances in the interconnect cables as
well as deficiencies in the source.
Excessive source impedance can bring about system stability issues
for a regulated DC-DC converter, and must either be avoided or
compensated. A 1000 µF input capacitor is the minimum
recommended in case the source impedance is insufficient to satisfy
stability requirements.
Additional information can be found in the filter design application
note:
www.vicorpower.com/documents/application_notes/vichip_appnote23.pdf
Please refer to this input filter design tool to ensure input stability:
http://app2.vicorpower.com/filterDesign/intiFilter.do.
Ensure that the input voltage slew rate is less than 1V/us, otherwise a
pre-charge circuit is required for the DCM input to control the input
voltage slew rate and prevent overstress to input stage components.
Input Fuse Selection
The DCM is not internally fused in order to provide flexibility in
configuring power systems. Input line fusing is recommended at the
system level, in order to provide thermal protection in case of
catastrophic failure. The fuse shall be selected by closely matching
system requirements with the following characteristics:
n Current rating (usually greater than the DCM converter’s
maximum current)
n Maximum voltage rating (usually greater than the maximum
possible input voltage)
n Ambient temperature
n Breaking capacity per application requirements
n Nominal melting I2t
n Recommended fuse: See Agency Approvals for Recommended Fuse
Fault Handling
Input Undervoltage Fault Protection (UVLO)
The converter’s input voltage is monitored to detect an input under
voltage condition. If the converter is not already running, then it will
ignore enable commands until the input voltage is greater than
VIN-UVLO+. If the converter is running and the input voltage falls
below VIN-UVLO-, the converter recognizes a fault condition, the
powertrain stops switching, and the output voltage of the unit falls.
Input voltage transients which fall below UVLO for less than tUVLO
may not be detected by the fault protection logic, in which case the
converter will continue regular operation. No protection is required
in this case.
Once the UVLO fault is detected by the fault protection logic, the
converter shuts down and waits for the input voltage to rise above
VIN-UVLO+. Provided the converter is still enabled, it will then restart.
Input Overvoltage Fault Protection (OVLO)
The converter’s input voltage is monitored to detect an input over
voltage condition. When the input voltage is more than the
VIN-OVLO+, a fault is detected, the powertrain stops switching, and the
output voltage of the converter falls.
After an OVLO fault occurs, the converter will wait for the input
voltage to fall below VIN-OVLO-. Provided the converter is still enabled,
the powertrain will restart.
The powertrain controller itself also monitors the input voltage.
Transient OVLO events which have not yet been detected by the fault
sequence logic may first be detected by the controller if the input
slew rate is sufficiently large. In this case, powertrain switching will
immediately stop. If the input voltage falls back in range before the
fault sequence logic detects the out of range condition, the
powertrain will resume switching and the fault logic will not
interrupt operation. Regardless of whether the powertrain is running
at the time or not, if the input voltage does not recover from OVLO
before tOVLO, the converter fault logic will detect the fault.
Output Undervoltage Fault Protection (UVP)
The converter determines that an output overload or short circuit
condition exists by measuring its output voltage and the output of
the internal error amplifier. In general, whenever the powertrain is
switching and the output voltage falls below VOUT-UVP threshold, a
short circuit fault will be registered. Once an output undervoltage
condition is detected, the powertrain immediately stops switching,
and the output voltage of the converter falls. The converter remains
disabled for a time tFAULT. Once recovered and provided the converter
is still enabled, the powertrain will again enter the soft start
sequence after tINIT and tON.
Temperature Fault Protections (OTP)
The fault logic monitors the internal temperature of the converter. If
the measured temperature exceeds TINT-OTP, a temperature fault is
registered. As with the under voltage fault protection, once a
temperature fault is registered, the powertrain immediately stops
switching, the output voltage of the converter falls, and the converter
remains disabled for at least time tFAULT. Then, the converter waits for
the internal temperature to return to below TINT-OTP before
recovering. Provided the converter is still enabled, the DCM will
restart after tINIT and tON.
http://www.vicorpower.com
DCM™ in a VIA Package
Rev 1.1
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DCM3414x75H53C2yzz
Output Overvoltage Fault Protection (OVP)
The converter monitors the output voltage during each switching
cycle. If the output voltage exceeds VOUT-OVP, the OVP fault protection
is triggered. The control logic disables the powertrain, and the output
voltage of the converter falls.
n Single side cooling: the model of Figure 18 can be simplified by
calculating the parallel resistor network and using one simple
thermal resistance number and the internal power dissipation
curves; an example for bottom side cooling only is shown in
Figure 19.
This type of fault is latched, and the converter will not start again
until the latch is cleared. Clearing the fault latch is achieved by either
disabling the converter via the EN pin, or else by removing the input
power such that the input voltage falls below VIN-INIT.
However some DCM models require an increase to the minimum
external output capacitor value in certain loading condition. In
applications where the load can go below 10% of rated load, the
range of output capacitor required is given by
COUT-EXT-TRANSIENT in the Electrical Specifications table.
Thermal Considerations
The VIA package provides effective conduction cooling from either of
the two module surfaces. Heat may be removed from the top surface,
the bottom surface or both. The extent to which these two surfaces
are cooled is a key component for determining the maximum power
that can be processed by a DCM in a VIA package, as can be seen
from specified thermal operating area on Page 4. Since the VIA
package has a maximum internal temperature rating, it is necessary
to estimate this internal temperature based on a system-level
thermal solution. To this purpose, it is helpful to simplify the thermal
solution into a roughly equivalent circuit where power dissipation is
modeled as a current source, isothermal surface temperatures are
represented as voltage sources and the thermal resistances are
represented as resistors. Figure 18 shows the “thermal circuit” for the
VIA package.
+
θINT_TOP
TC_TOP
–
θHOU
–
PDISS
θINT_BOT
s
+ TC_BOT
–
θINT
External Output Capacitance
The DCM converter internal compensation requires a minimum
external output capacitor. An external capacitor in the range of 220
to 2200 µF with ESR of 10 mΩ is required for control loop
compensation purposes.
s
PDISS
s
Figure 19 – Single-sided cooling VIA thermal model
In this case, RJC can be derived as following:
θINT
=
(θINT_TOP + θHOU) • θINT_BOT
θINT_TOP + θHOU + θINT_BOT
n Double side cooling: while this option might bring limited
advantage to the module internal components (given the
surface-to-surface coupling provided), it might be appealing in
cases where the external thermal system requires allocating
power to two different elements, like for example heatsinks with
independent airflows or a combination of chassis/air cooling.
Grounding Considerations
The chassis of the VIA package is required to be connected to
Protective Earth when installed in the end application and must
satisfy the requirements of IEC 60950-1 for Class I products. Both
sides of the housing are required to be connected to Protective Earth
to satisfy safety and EMI requirements. Protective earthing can be
accomplished through dedicated wiring harness (example: ring
terminal clamped by mounting screw) or surface contact (example:
pressure contact on bare conductive chassis or PCB copper layer
with no solder mask).
TC_BOT
+
s
Figure 18 – Double sided cooling VIA thermal model
In this case, the internal power dissipation is PDISS, θINT_TOP and
θINT_BOT are thermal resistance characteristics of the VIA package and
the top and bottom surface temperatures are represented as TC_TOP,
and TC_BOT. It is interesting to notice that the package itself provides a
high degree of thermal coupling between the top and bottom case
surfaces (represented in the model by the resistor θHOU). This feature
enables two main options regarding thermal designs:
DCM™ in a VIA Package
Rev 1.1
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DCM™ in a VIA Package
Rev 1.1
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11
2
BOTTOM SIDE
6((6+((7)255(&200(1'('+2/(3$77(51 &20321(176,'( 6((352'8&7'$7$6+((7)253,1'(6,*1$7,216
5R+6&203/,$173(5&67/$7(675(9,6,21
127(6
10
1
TOP VIEW
(COMPONENT SIDE)
13
12
4
3
1
2
5
6
7
8
9
9
8
5
6
7
12
13
DETAIL A
SCALE 8 : 1
RECOMMENED HOLE PATTERN
10
11
3
4
SEE DETAIL 'A'
DCM3414x75H53C2yzz
DCM in a VIA package Module Mechanical Drawing - PCB Mount Type
DCM™ in a VIA Package
Rev 1.1
vicorpower.com
Page 20 of 22
07/2017
800 927.9474
2
1
6((352'8&7'$7$6+((7)253,1'(6,*1$7,216
5R+6&203/,$173(5&67/$7(675(9,6,21
127(6
.37±.015
9.40±.381
.11
2.90
1.171
29.750
INPUT
INSERT
(41816)
TO BE
REMOVED
PRIOR
TO USE
DIM 'B'
DIM 'C'
86(7<&2/8*25
(48,9)25,1387&211(&7,21
$//352'8&76
DIM 'A'
.15
3.86
THRU
TYP
4
3
5('
23.98
609.14
DIM 'B'
NA
.788 [20.005]
NA
.788 [20.005]
1.150 [29.200]
1.277 [32.430]
1.277 [32.430]
1.277 [32.430]
1.757 [44.625]
1.718 [43.625]
1.658 [42.110]
1.277 [32.430]
1.757 [44.625]
2.970 [75.445]
2.970 [75.445]
DIM 'A'
1.02 [25.96]
1.02 [25.96]
1.61 [40.93]
1.61 [40.93]
1.61 [40.93]
1.02 [25.96]
1.02 [25.96]
1.61 [40.93]
1.61 [40.93]
1.65 [41.93]
1.61 [40.93]
2.17 [55.12]
2.17 [55.12]
1.61 [40.93]
2.17 [55.12]
PRODUCT
2814 (0 STAGE) 3623
2814 (1 STAGE) 2223
3414 (1 STAGE) 3623
3714 (1 STAGE) 4623
3814 (0 STAGE) 2361
3814 (0 STAGE) 2361 NBM
4414 (1 STAGE) 2361
4414 (1 STAGE) 6123
4414 (1 STAGE) 6123 UHV
4414 (1 STAGE) 6123 3kV
4914 (2 STAGE) 2361
4914 (2 STAGE) 6123
5614 (1 STAGE) 9223
6114 (2 STAGE) 9223
1.40
35.54
2214 (0 STAGE) 2223
)RUFKDVVLVPRXQWPRGHOV
9LFRUSDUWQXPEHUZLOOEHQHHGHGIRU
DSSOLFDWLRQVUHTXLULQJWKHXVHRIVLJQDOSLQV
86(7<&2/8*25
(48,9)25287387&211(&7,21
352'8&76$1'
86(7<&2/8*25
(48,9)25287387&211(&7,21
352'8&76$1'
OUTPUT
INSERT
(41817)
TO BE
REMOVED
PRIOR
TO USE
DIM 'C'
6.13 [155.57]
5.57 [141.37]
4.91 [124.75]
4.91 [124.75]
4.35 [110.55]
4.35 [110.55]
4.35 [110.55]
4.35 [110.55]
3.76 [95.59]
3.76 [95.59]
3.75 [95.13]
3.38 [85.93]
2.84 [72.05]
2.80 [71.00]
2.25 [57.12]
DCM3414x75H53C2yzz
DCM in a VIA package Module Mechanical Drawing - Chassis Mount Type
DCM3414x75H53C2yzz
Revision History
Revision
Date
Description
1.0
10/13/16
Intital release
1.1
07/13/17
Updated typical application bullets
Updated product photos
Updated input overvoltage lockout/recovery threshold (powertrain protections)
values to match the OVLO operating points of the product
Moved remote sense rated voltage drop value to maximum column
Updated height specifications, added pin description
Updated mechanical drawings (including new hex-head screws)
Page Number(s)
n/a
DCM™ in a VIA Package
Rev 1.1
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1
6
8
14
20 & 21
DCM3414x75H53C2yzz
Vicor’s comprehensive line of power solutions includes high density AC-DC and DC-DC modules and
accessory components, fully configurable AC-DC and DC-DC power supplies, and complete custom
power systems.
Information furnished by Vicor is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, no responsibility is assumed by Vicor for its use. Vicor makes no
representations or warranties with respect to the accuracy or completeness of the contents of this publication. Vicor reserves the right to make
changes to any products, specifications, and product descriptions at any time without notice. Information published by Vicor has been checked and
is believed to be accurate at the time it was printed; however, Vicor assumes no responsibility for inaccuracies. Testing and other quality controls are
used to the extent Vicor deems necessary to support Vicor’s product warranty. Except where mandated by government requirements, testing of all
parameters of each product is not necessarily performed.
Specifications are subject to change without notice.
Vicor’s Standard Terms and Conditions
All sales are subject to Vicor’s Standard Terms and Conditions of Sale, which are available on Vicor’s webpage or upon request.
Product Warranty
In Vicor’s standard terms and conditions of sale, Vicor warrants that its products are free from non-conformity to its Standard Specifications (the
“Express Limited Warranty”). This warranty is extended only to the original Buyer for the period expiring two (2) years after the date of shipment
and is not transferable.
UNLESS OTHERWISE EXPRESSLY STATED IN A WRITTEN SALES AGREEMENT SIGNED BY A DULY AUTHORIZED VICOR SIGNATORY, VICOR DISCLAIMS
ALL REPRESENTATIONS, LIABILITIES, AND WARRANTIES OF ANY KIND (WHETHER ARISING BY IMPLICATION OR BY OPERATION OF LAW) WITH
RESPECT TO THE PRODUCTS, INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, ANY WARRANTIES OR REPRESENTATIONS AS TO MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR
PARTICULAR PURPOSE, INFRINGEMENT OF ANY PATENT, COPYRIGHT, OR OTHER INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHT, OR ANY OTHER MATTER.
This warranty does not extend to products subjected to misuse, accident, or improper application, maintenance, or storage. Vicor shall not be liable
for collateral or consequential damage. Vicor disclaims any and all liability arising out of the application or use of any product or circuit and assumes
no liability for applications assistance or buyer product design. Buyers are responsible for their products and applications using Vicor products and
components. Prior to using or distributing any products that include Vicor components, buyers should provide adequate design, testing and
operating safeguards.
Vicor will repair or replace defective products in accordance with its own best judgment. For service under this warranty, the buyer must contact
Vicor to obtain a Return Material Authorization (RMA) number and shipping instructions. Products returned without prior authorization will be
returned to the buyer. The buyer will pay all charges incurred in returning the product to the factory. Vicor will pay all reshipment charges if the
product was defective within the terms of this warranty.
Life Support Policy
VICOR’S PRODUCTS ARE NOT AUTHORIZED FOR USE AS CRITICAL COMPONENTS IN LIFE SUPPORT DEVICES OR SYSTEMS WITHOUT THE EXPRESS
PRIOR WRITTEN APPROVAL OF THE CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER AND GENERAL COUNSEL OF VICOR CORPORATION. As used herein, life support
devices or systems are devices which (a) are intended for surgical implant into the body, or (b) support or sustain life and whose failure to perform
when properly used in accordance with instructions for use provided in the labeling can be reasonably expected to result in a significant injury to the
user. A critical component is any component in a life support device or system whose failure to perform can be reasonably expected to cause the
failure of the life support device or system or to affect its safety or effectiveness. Per Vicor Terms and Conditions of Sale, the user of Vicor products
and components in life support applications assumes all risks of such use and indemnifies Vicor against all liability and damages.
Intellectual Property Notice
Vicor and its subsidiaries own Intellectual Property (including issued U.S. and Foreign Patents and pending patent applications) relating to the
products described in this data sheet. No license, whether express, implied, or arising by estoppel or otherwise, to any intellectual property rights is
granted by this document. Interested parties should contact Vicor's Intellectual Property Department.
The products described on this data sheet are protected by the following U.S. Patents Numbers:
RE40,072; 7,561,446; 7,920,391; 7,782,639; 8,966,747; 8,427,269; 6,421,262 and other patents pending.
Vicor Corporation
25 Frontage Road
Andover, MA, USA 01810
Tel: 800-735-6200
Fax: 978-475-6715
email
Customer Service: [email protected]
Technical Support: [email protected]
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Rev 1.1
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