Current Sensor: ACS755xCB-050 The Allegro ACS75x family of current sensors provides economical and precise solutions for current sensing in industrial, automotive, commercial, and communications systems. The device package allows for easy implementation by the customer. Typical applications include load detection and management, power supplies, and overcurrent fault protection. 5 Package CB-PFF 1 2 4 3 5 4 The output of the device will be valid when the current flows from pin 4 to pin 5. The internal resistance of this conductive path is typically 100 μΩ, providing low power loss. The thickness of the copper conductor allows survival of the device at up to 5× overcurrent conditions. The terminals of the conductive path are electrically isolated from the sensor leads (pins 1 through 3). This allows the ACS75x family of sensors to be used in applications requiring electrical isolation without the use of opto-isolators or other costly isolation techniques. Package CB-PSF 1 2 3 5 Package CB-PSS The device consists of a precision, low-offset linear Hall sensor circuit with a copper conduction path located near the die. Applied current flowing through this copper conduction path generates a magnetic field which is sensed by the integrated Hall IC and converted into a proportional voltage. Device accuracy is optimized through the close proximity of the magnetic signal to the Hall transducer. A precise, proportional voltage is provided by the low-offset, chopperstabilized BiCMOS Hall IC, which is programmed for accuracy at the factory. 4 The device is fully calibrated prior to shipment from the factory. The ACS75x family is lead-free. All leads are coated with 100% matte tin, and there is no lead inside the package. The heavy gauge leadframe is made of oxygen-free copper. Features and Benefits 1 2 3 Pin 1: VCC Pin 2: GND Pin 3: VOUT Terminal 4: IP+ Terminal 5: IP– ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS Supply Voltage, VCC .......................................... 16 V Reverse Supply Voltage, VRCC ........................ –16 V Output Voltage, VOUT ........................................ 16 V Reverse Output Voltage, VROUT...................... –0.1 V Output Current Source, IOUT(Source) ................. 3 mA Output Current Sink, IOUT(Sink) .......................10 mA Operating Temperature, Ambient, TA, L range ..................... –40 to 150ºC Ambient, TA, S range ....................... –20 to 85ºC Maximum Junction, TJ(max)............................. 165°C Maximum Storage Temperature, TS .... –65 to 170°C TÜV America Certificate Number: U8V 04 11 54214 001 ACS755050-DS, Rev. 2 • • • • • • • • • • • Monolithic Hall IC for high reliability Single +5 V supply 3 kVRMS isolation voltage between terminals 4/5 and pins 1/2/3 18 kHz bandwidth Automotive temperature range End-of-line factory-trimmed for gain and offset Ultra-low power loss: 100 μΩ internal conductor resistance Ratiometric output from supply voltage Extremely stable output offset voltage Small package size, with easy mounting capability Output proportional to ac and dc currents Applications • Automotive systems • Industrial systems • Power conversion • Battery monitors Use the following complete part numbers when ordering: Part Number Signal Pins Terminals ACS755LCB-050-PFF ACS755LCB-050-PSF ACS755LCB-050-PSS ACS755SCB-050-PFF ACS755SCB-050-PSF ACS755SCB-050-PSS Formed Formed Straight Formed Formed Straight Formed Straight Straight Formed Straight Straight Ambient –40 to 150°C –20 to 85°C 115 Northeast Cutoff, Box 15036 Worcester, Massachusetts 01615-0036 (508) 853-5000 Current Sensor: ACS755xCB-050 Functional Block Diagram +5 V IP– Terminal 5 VCC Pin 1 Voltage Regulator Filter Dynamic Offset Cancellation To all subcircuits Amp Out VOUT Pin 3 0.1 μF Gain Temperature Coefficient Offset Trim Control IP+ Terminal 4 GND Pin 2 2 ACS755050-DS, Rev. 2 115 Northeast Cutoff, Box 15036 Worcester, Massachusetts 01615-0036 (508) 853-5000 Current Sensor: ACS755xCB-050 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS, over operating ambient temperature range unless otherwise stated Characteristic Symbol Test Conditions Min. Primary Sensed Current IP 0 Supply Voltage VCC 4.5 Supply Current ICC VCC = 5.0 V, output open 6.5 IOUT = 1.2 mA – Output Resistance ROUT Output Capacitance Load CLOAD VOUT to GND – VOUT to GND 4.7 Output Resistive Load RLOAD Primary Conductor Resistance RPRIMARY IP = +100A; TA = 25°C – Pins 1-3 and 4-5; 60 Hz, 1 minute 3.0 Isolation Voltage VISO PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS, -20°C to +85°C, VCC = 5 V unless otherwise specified Propagation time tPROP IP = +50 A, TA = 25°C – – Response time tRESPONSE IP = +50 A, TA = 25°C IP = +50 A, TA = 25°C – Rise time tr Frequency Bandwidth f –3 dB , TA = 25°C – Over full range of IP , TA = 25°C – Sensitivity Sens Over full range of IP 53 Peak-to-peak, TA = 25°C, – Noise VNOISE no external filter Linearity ELIN Over full range of IP – Zero Current Output Voltage VOUT(Q) I = 0 A, TA = 25°C – I = 0 A, TA = 25°C –15 Electrical Offset Voltage VOE (Magnetic error not included) I=0A –25 Magnetic Offset Error IERROM I = 0 A, after excursion of 100 A – Over full range of I , T = 25°C – Total Output Error P A ETOT (Including all offsets) Over full range of IP – PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS, -40°C to +150°C, VCC = 5 V unless otherwise specified Propagation time tPROP IP = +50 A, TA = 25°C – Response time tRESPONSE IP = +50 A, TA = 25°C – IP = +50 A, TA = 25°C – Rise time tr Frequency Bandwidth f –3 dB , TA = 25°C – – Over full range of IP , TA = 25°C Sensitivity Sens Over full range of IP 53 Peak-to-peak, TA = 25°C, Noise VNOISE – no external filter Over full range of IP – Linearity ELIN Zero Current Output Voltage VOUT(Q) I = 0 A, TA = 25°C – I = 0 A, TA = 25°C –15 Electrical Offset Voltage VOE (Magnetic error not included) I=0A –50 Magnetic Offset Error IERROM I = 0 A, after excursion of 100 A – Over full range of IP , TA = 25°C – Total Output Error ETOT (Including all offsets) Over full range of IP – Typ. – 5.0 8 1 – – 100 – Max. 50 5.5 10 2 10 – – – Units A V mA Ω nF kΩ μΩ kV 4 20 20 18 60 – – – – – – 65 μs μs μs kHz mV/A mV/A 85 – mV – 0.6 – – ±0.1 ±1.0 – ±2.8 – 15 25 ±0.15 – ±10.0 % V mV mV A % % 4 20 20 18 60 – – – – – – 65 μs μs μs kHz mV/A mV/A 85 – mV – 0.6 – – ±0.1 ±1.0 – ±2.8 – 15 50 ±0.15 – ±11.0 % V mV mV A % % 3 ACS755050-DS, Rev. 2 115 Northeast Cutoff, Box 15036 Worcester, Massachusetts 01615-0036 (508) 853-5000 Current Sensor: ACS755xCB-050 Definitions of Accuracy Characteristics Sensitivity (Sens): The change in sensor output in response to a 1 A change through the primary conductor. The sensitivity is the product of the magnetic circuit sensitivity (G / A) and the linear IC amplifier gain (mV/G). The linear IC amplifier gain is trimmed at the factory to optimize the sensitivity (mV/A) for the full-scale current of the device. Noise (VNOISE): The product of the linear IC amplifier gain (mV/G) and the noise floor for the Allegro Hall effect linear IC (≈1 G). The noise floor is derived from the thermal and shot noise observed in Hall elements. Dividing the noise (mV) by the sensitivity (mV/A) provides the smallest current that the device is able to resolve. Linearity (ELIN): The degree to which the voltage output from the sensor varies in direct proportion to the primary current through its full-scale amplitude. Nonlinearity in the output can be attributed to the saturation of the flux concentrator approaching the full-scale current. The following equation is used to derive the linearity Nonlinearity (%) = 100 where Vout _3/4 full-scale IP –VOUT(Q) 1– 3 Vout _1/4 full-scale IP –VOUT(Q) ‰ Vout_¼ full-scale IP (V) is the output voltage when the sensed current approximates 0.25 × IP(max), and Vout_¾ full-scale IP (V) is the output voltage when the sensed current approximates 0.75 × IP(max). Quiescent output voltage (VOUT(Q)): The output of the sensor when the primary current is zero. For a unipolar supply voltage, it nominally remains at 0.6 V. Variation in VOUT(Q) can be attributed to the resolution of the Allegro linear IC quiescent voltage trim, magnetic hysteresis, and thermal drift. Electrical offset voltage (VOE): The deviation of the device output from its ideal quiescent value due to nonmagnetic causes. Magnetic offset error (IERROM): The magnetic offset is due to the residual magnetism (remnant field) of the core material. The magnetic offset error is highest when the magnetic circuit has been saturated, usually when the device has been subjected to a full-scale or high-current overload condition. The magnetic offset is largely dependent on the material used as a flux concentrator. The larger magnetic offsets are observed at the lower operating temperatures. Accuracy (ETOT): The accuracy represents the maximum deviation of the actual output from its ideal value. This is also known as the total ouput error. The accuracy is illustrated graphically in the Output Voltage versus Current chart on the following page. Accuracy is divided into four areas: • 0 A at 25°C: Accuracy of sensing zero current flow at 25°C, without the effects of temperature. • 0 A over temperature: Accuracy of sensing zero current flow including temperature effects. • Full-scale current at 25°C: Accuracy of sensing the full-scale current at 25°C, without the effects of temperature. • Full-scale current over Δ temperature: Accuracy of sensing full-scale current flow including temperature effects. 4 ACS755050-DS, Rev. 2 115 Northeast Cutoff, Box 15036 Worcester, Massachusetts 01615-0036 (508) 853-5000 Current Sensor: ACS755xCB-050 Output voltage vs. current, illustrating sensor accuracy at 0 A and at full-scale current Increasing VOUT (V) Accuracy Over ΔTemperature Accuracy 25°C Only Average VOUT Accuracy Over ΔTemperature Accuracy 25°C Only –IP (A) 50 A 0A +IP (A) Full Scale Decreasing VOUT (V) 5 ACS755050-DS, Rev. 2 115 Northeast Cutoff, Box 15036 Worcester, Massachusetts 01615-0036 (508) 853-5000 Current Sensor: ACS755xCB-050 Step Response of ACS755xCB-050 at TA=25°C ACS755 Output (mV) 50 A Excitation Signal 6 ACS755050-DS, Rev. 2 115 Northeast Cutoff, Box 15036 Worcester, Massachusetts 01615-0036 (508) 853-5000 Current Sensor: ACS755xCB-050 Definitions of Dynamic Response Characteristics Propagation delay (tPROP): The time required for the sensor output to reflect a change in the primary current signal. Propagation delay is attributed to inductive loading within the linear IC package, as well as in the inductive loop formed by the primary conductor geometry. Propagation delay can be considered as a fixed time offset and may be compensated. I (%) Primary Current 90 Transducer Output 0 Propagation Time, tPROP t Response time (tRESPONSE): The time interval between a) when the primary current signal reaches 90% of its final value, and b) when the sensor reaches 90% of its output corresponding to the applied current. I (%) Primary Current 90 Transducer Output 0 Response Time, tRESPONSE t Rise time (tr): The time interval between a) when the sensor reaches 10% of its full scale value, and b) when it reaches 90% of its full scale value. The rise time to a step response is used to derive the bandwidth of the current sensor, in which ƒ(–3 dB) = 0.35 / tr. Both tr and tRESPONSE are detrimentally affected by eddy current losses observed in the conductive IC ground plane and, to varying degrees, in the ferrous flux concentrator within the current sensor package. I (%) Primary Current 90 Transducer Output 10 0 Rise Time, tr t 7 ACS755050-DS, Rev. 2 115 Northeast Cutoff, Box 15036 Worcester, Massachusetts 01615-0036 (508) 853-5000 Current Sensor: ACS755xCB-050 Standards and Physical Specifications Parameter Specification Flammability (package molding compound) UL recognized to UL 94V-0 Fire and Electric Shock UL60950-1:2003 EN60950-1:2001 CAN/CSA C22.2 No. 60950-1:2003 Creepage distance, current terminals to sensor pins 7.25 mm Clearance distance, current terminals to sensor pins 7.25 mm Package mass 4.63 g typical Device Branding Key (Two alternative styles are used) ACS Allegro Current Sensor 755 Device family number Operating ambient temperature range code [L or S] T ACS755 CB Package type designator TCB050 050 Maximum measurable current YYWWA Manufacturing date code: Calendar year (last two digits) YY Manufacturing date code: Calendar week WW Manufacturing date code: Shift code A ACS Allegro Current Sensor 755 Device family number Operating ambient temperature range code [L or S] T ACS755 CB Package type designator TCB050 L...L 050 Maximum measurable current YYWW Manufacturing lot code L...L YY Manufacturing date code: Calendar year (last two digits) WW Manufacturing date code: Calendar week 8 ACS755050-DS, Rev. 2 115 Northeast Cutoff, Box 15036 Worcester, Massachusetts 01615-0036 (508) 853-5000 Current Sensor: ACS755xCB-050 Package CB-PFF 9 ACS755050-DS, Rev. 2 115 Northeast Cutoff, Box 15036 Worcester, Massachusetts 01615-0036 (508) 853-5000 Current Sensor: ACS755xCB-050 Package CB-PSF Package CB-PSS The products described herein are manufactured under one or more of the following U.S. patents: 5,045,920; 5,264,783; 5,442,283; 5,389,889; 5,581,179; 5,517,112; 5,619,137; 5,621,319; 5,650,719; 5,686,894; 5,694,038; 5,729,130; 5,917,320; and other patents pending. Allegro MicroSystems, Inc. reserves the right to make, from time to time, such departures from the detail specifications as may be required to permit improvements in the performance, reliability, or manufacturability of its products. Before placing an order, the user is cautioned to verify that the information being relied upon is current. Allegro products are not authorized for use as critical components in life-support devices or systems without express written approval. The information included herein is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, Allegro MicroSystems, Inc. assumes no responsibility for its use; nor for any infringement of patents or other rights of third parties which may result from its use. Copyright © 2005, AllegroMicrosystems, Inc. 10 ACS755050-DS, Rev. 2 115 Northeast Cutoff, Box 15036 Worcester, Massachusetts 01615-0036 (508) 853-5000