Bt8370/8375/8376 Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface The Bt8370/8375/8376 is a family of single chip transceivers for T1/E1 and Integrated Service Digital Network (ISDN) primary rate interfaces, operating at 1.544 Mbps or 2.048 Mbps. These devices combine a sophisticated framer, transmit and receive slip buffers, and an on-chip physical line interface to provide a complete T1/E1 transceiver. The fully featured Bt8370 and short-haul Bt8375 and Bt8376 devices provide a programmable clock rate adapter for simplifying system bus interfacing. The adapter synthesizes standard clock signals from the receive or transmit line rate clocks or from an external reference. Operations are controlled through memory-mapped registers accessible via a parallel microprocessor port. Current ANSI, ETSI, ITU-T, and Bellcore standards are supported for alarm and error monitoring, signaling supervision (e.g., LAPD/SS7), per-channel trunk conditioning, and Facility Data Link (FDL) maintenance. A serial Time Division Multiplexed (TDM) system bus interface allows the backplane Pulse Code Modulation (PCM) data highway to operate at rates from 1.536 to 8.192 Mbps. Extensive test and diagnostic functions include a full set of digital and analog loopbacks, PRBS test pattern generation, BER meter, and forced error insertion. The physical line interface circuit recovers clock and data from analog signals with +3 to –43 dB cable attenuation, appropriate for both short (–18 dB) and long-haul T1/E1 applications. Receive line equalization (EQ) and transmit Line Build Out (LBO) filters are implemented using Digital Signal Processor (DSP) circuits for reliable performance. Data and/or clock jitter attenuation can be inserted on either the receive or transmit path. The transmit section includes precision pulse shaping and amplitude pre-emphasis for cross connect applications, as well as a set of LBO filters for long-haul Channel Service Unit (CSU) applications. A complementary driver output is provided to couple 75/100/120 Ω lines via an external transformer. Distinguishing Features • • • • • • • • • • Receive RX ZCS Decode EQ Analog RPLL T1/E1 Receive Framer TX or RX Jitter Attenuator TX Analog Pulse LBO ZCS Encode Overhead Insertion JTAG Test Port Data Sheet Receive System Bus TX Slip Buffer Transmit System Bus T1/E1 Transmit Framer Control/Status Registers Data Link Controllers DL1 + DL2 Clock Rate Adaptor Motorola/Intel Processor Bus Dual-Rail/NRZ/ External DL3 CLAD I/O On-chip physical line interface compatible with: Two-frame transmit and receive PCM slip buffers Clock rate adapter synthesizes jitter attenuated system clocks from an internal or external reference Parallel 8-bit microprocessor port supports Intel or Motorola buses Automated Facility Data Link (FDL) management BERT generation and counting Two full-duplex HDLC controllers for data link and LAPD/SS7 signaling B8ZS/HDB3/Bit 7 zero suppression 80-pin MQFP surface-mount package Operates from a single +5 Vdc ±5% power supply Low-power CMOS technology Applications • • TPLL Transmit RX Slip Buffer – T1: SF, ESF, SLC 96, T1DM – E1: PCM-30, G.704, G.706, G.732 ISDN primary rate – DSX-1/E1 short-haul signals – DS-1 (T1.403) and ETSI long-haul signals • • • Functional Block Diagram Single-chip T1/E1 framer with short/long-haul physical line interface Frames to popular T1/E1 standards: • • • • T1/E1 Channel Service Unit/Data Service Unit (CSU/DSU) Digital Access Cross-Connect Systems (DACS) T1/E1 Multiplexer (MUX) PBXs and PCM channel bank T1/E1 HDSL terminal unit ISDN Primary Rate Access (PRA) N8370DSE June 30, 1999 Bt8370EVM—Bt8370 Evaluation Module, Quad T1/E1 ISDN PRI Board T1 or E1 connection at DSX or CSU levels Address Bus MC68302 Microprocessor 9 Bt8370 Bt8370 Bt8370 Bt8370 Bt8370 Data Bus 8 RS232 User Interface Local PCM Highway (128 Channel, 8 MHz) An evaluation module is available and provides a convenient platform to test and evaluate Bt8370 performance and features. The Bt8370EVM provides up to four T1/E1 transceivers, all necessary line interface circuitry for T1 and E1 connections, and a simple RS232 serial user interface for setting device parameters and displaying status information on any VT100 compatible terminal. Contact the local sales representative for ordering information and pricing. Ordering Information Operating Temperature Reduced Features(1) Model Number Package Bt8370EPF 80-Pin MQFP –40 to 85 °C none Bt8370KPF 80-Pin MQFP 0 to 70 °C none Bt8375EPF 80-Pin MQFP –40 to 85 °C Short-Haul Bt8375KPF 80-Pin MQFP 0 to 70 °C Short-Haul Bt8376EPF 80-Pin MQFP –40 to 85 °C Short-Haul, No CLAD output Bt8376KPF 80-Pin MQFP 0 to 70 °C Short-Haul, No CLAD output NOTE(S): (1) Cost reduced Bt8375 and Bt8376 are pin and register-compatible versions of Bt8370 with reduced features. Contact the local sales representative for ordering information and pricing. Information provided by Conexant Systems, Inc. (Conexant) is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, no responsibility is assumed by Conexant for its use, nor any infringement of patents or other rights of third parties which may result from its use. No license is granted by implication or otherwise under any patent rights of Conexant other than for circuitry embodied in Conexant products. Conexant reserves the right to change circuitry at any time without notice. This document is subject to change without notice. Conexant and “What’s Next in Communications Technologies” are trademarks of Conexant Systems, Inc. Product names or services listed in this publication are for identification purposes only, and may be trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective companies. All other marks mentioned herein are the property of their respective holders. © 1999 Conexant Systems, Inc. Printed in U.S.A. All Rights Reserved Reader Response: To improve the quality of our publications, we welcome your feedback. Please send comments or suggestions via e-mail to Conexant Reader [email protected]. Sorry, we can't answer your technical questions at this address. Please contact your local Conexant sales office or applications engineer if you have technical questions. N8370DSE Conexant Table of Contents List of Figures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xii List of Tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xv 1.0 Pin Descriptions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1 1.1 2.0 Pin Assignments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1 Circuit Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-1 2.1 Bt8370/8375/8376 Block Diagrams . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-1 2.2 Receive Line Interface Unit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-5 2.2.1 2.2.2 Data Recovery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-7 2.2.1.1 Automatic Gain Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-7 2.2.1.2 Variable Gain Amplifier . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-7 2.2.1.3 Adaptive Equalizer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-7 2.2.1.4 Data Slicer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-7 Clock Recovery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-8 2.2.2.1 Phase Locked Loop . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-8 2.3 Jitter Attenuator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-9 2.3.1 Elastic Store. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-10 2.4 Receiver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-14 2.4.1 2.4.2 2.4.3 2.4.4 N8370DSE ZCS Decoder . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-15 In-Band Loopback Code Detection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-15 Error Counters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-16 2.4.3.1 Frame Bit Error Counter. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-16 2.4.3.2 CRC Error Counter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-16 2.4.3.3 LCV Error Counter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-16 2.4.3.4 FEBE Counter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-16 Error Monitor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-17 Conexant iii Bt8370/8375/8376 Table of Contents Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface 2.4.5 2.4.6 2.4.7 2.4.8 2.4.9 2.4.10 2.5 Receive System Bus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-32 2.5.1 2.5.2 2.5.3 2.5.4 2.5.5 Timebase . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-35 Slip Buffer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-36 Signaling Buffer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-37 Signaling Stack . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-38 Embedded Framing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-38 2.6 Clock Rate Adapter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-39 2.6.1 Configuring the CLAD Registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-43 2.7 Transmit System Bus. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-46 2.7.1 2.7.2 2.7.3 2.7.4 2.7.5 2.8 Timebase . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-48 Slip Buffer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-48 Signaling Buffer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-49 Transmit Framing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-50 Embedded Framing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-52 Transmitter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-53 2.8.1 2.8.2 2.8.3 2.8.4 iv Alarm Monitor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-18 2.4.5.1 Loss of Frame . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-18 2.4.5.2 Loss of Signal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-18 2.4.5.3 Analog Loss of Signal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-19 2.4.5.4 Alarm Indication Signal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-19 2.4.5.5 Yellow Alarm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-19 2.4.5.6 Multiframe YEL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-19 2.4.5.7 Severely Errored Frame . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-19 2.4.5.8 Change of Frame Alignment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-19 2.4.5.9 Receive Multiframe AIS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-19 Test Pattern Receiver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-20 Receive Framing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-21 External Receive Data Link . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-26 Sa-Byte Receive Buffers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-26 Receive Data Link . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-26 2.4.10.1 Data Link Controllers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-27 2.4.10.2 RBOP Receiver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-31 External Transmit Data Link . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-54 Transmit Data Links . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-54 2.8.2.1 Data Link Controllers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-54 2.8.2.2 PRM Generator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-59 Sa-Byte Overwrite Buffer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-59 Overhead Pattern Generator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-60 2.8.4.1 Framing Pattern Generation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-60 2.8.4.2 Alarm Generator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-60 2.8.4.3 CRC Generation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-63 2.8.4.4 Far-End Block Error Generation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-63 Conexant N8370DSE Bt8370/8375/8376 Table of Contents Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface 2.8.5 2.8.6 2.8.7 2.8.8 2.9 Test Pattern Generator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-63 Transmit Error Insertion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-64 In-Band Loopback Code Generator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-65 ZCS Encoder . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-65 Transmit Line Interface Unit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-68 2.9.1 2.9.2 2.9.3 2.9.4 2.9.5 Pulse Shape . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-70 Transmit Phase Lock Loop . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-76 2.9.2.1 Clock Reference . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-76 2.9.2.2 Output Jitter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-77 Line Build Out . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-77 Line Driver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-80 2.9.4.1 Termination Impedance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-80 2.9.4.2 Return Loss . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-81 2.9.4.3 Output Enable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-82 Pulse Imbalance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-82 2.10 Microprocessor Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-83 2.10.1 2.10.2 2.10.3 2.10.4 Address/Data Bus. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-84 Bus Control Signals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-84 Interrupt Requests . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-84 Device Reset . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-85 2.10.4.1 Power-On Reset (POR) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-85 2.10.4.2 Hardware Reset . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-85 2.10.4.3 Software Reset . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-85 2.11 Loopbacks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-86 2.11.1 2.11.2 2.11.3 2.11.4 2.11.5 2.11.6 Remote Line Loopback . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-86 Remote Payload Loopback . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-86 Remote Per-Channel Loopbacks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-86 Local Analog Loopback . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-87 Local Framer Loopback . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-87 Local Per-Channel Loopback. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-87 2.12 Joint Test Access Group . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-88 2.12.1 2.12.2 N8370DSE Instructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-88 Device Identification Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-89 Conexant v Bt8370/8375/8376 Table of Contents Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface 3.0 Registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-1 3.1 Address Map . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-1 3.2 Global Control and Status Registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-9 000—Device Identification (DID) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-9 001—Primary Control Register (CR0) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-9 002—Jitter Attenuator Configuration (JAT_CR) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-11 3.3 Interrupt Control Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-13 003—Interrupt Request Register (IRR) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-13 3.4 Interrupt Status Registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-15 004—Alarm 1 Interrupt Status (ISR7) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-16 005—Alarm 2 Interrupt Status (ISR6) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-17 006—Error Interrupt Status (ISR5) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-18 007—Counter Overflow Interrupt Status (ISR4) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-19 008—Timer Interrupt Status (ISR3) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-19 009—Data Link 1 Interrupt Status (ISR2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-20 00A—Data Link 2 Interrupt Status (ISR1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-21 00B—Pattern Interrupt Status (ISR0) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-22 3.5 Interrupt Enable Registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-23 00C—Alarm 1 Interrupt Enable Register (IER7) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-23 00D—Alarm 2 Interrupt Enable Register (IER6). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-23 00E—Error Interrupt Enable Register (IER5) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-24 00F—Count Overflow Interrupt Enable Register (IER4) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-24 010—Timer Interrupt Enable Register (IER3) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-25 011—Data Link 1 Interrupt Enable Register (IER2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-25 012—Data Link 2 Interrupt Enable Register (IER1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-26 013—Pattern Interrupt Enable Register (IER0) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-26 3.6 Primary Control and Status Registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-27 014—Loopback Configuration Register (LOOP) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-27 015—External Data Link Time Slot (DL3_TS) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-28 016—External Data Link Bit (DL3_BIT) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-29 017—Offline Framer Status (FSTAT) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-29 018—Programmable Input/Output (PIO) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-32 019—Programmable Output Enable (POE) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-35 01A—Clock Input Mux (CMUX) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-36 01B—Test Mux Configuration (TMUX) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-37 01C—Test Configuration (TEST) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-37 vi Conexant N8370DSE Bt8370/8375/8376 Table of Contents Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface 3.7 Receive LIU Registers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-38 020—LIU Configuration (LIU_CR) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-39 021—Receive LIU Status (RSTAT) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-40 022—Receive LIU Configuration (RLIU_CR) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-41 023—RPLL Low Pass Filter (LPF). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-42 024—Variable Gain Amplifier Maximum (VGA_MAX). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-42 025—Equalizer Coefficient Data Register (EQ_DAT). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-43 026—Equalizer Coefficient Table Pointer (EQ_PTR) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-43 027—Data Slicer Threshold (DSLICE) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-43 028—Equalizer Output Levels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-44 029—Variable Gain Amplifier Status . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-45 02A—Pre_Equalizer (PRE_EQ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-46 030–037—LMS Adjusted Equalizer Coefficient Status (COEFF) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-46 038–03C—Equalizer Gain Thresholds (GAIN) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-46 3.8 Receiver Registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-47 040—Receiver Configuration (RCR0) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-47 041—Receive Test Pattern Configuration (RPATT) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-48 042—Receive Loopback Code Detector Configuration (RLB) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-50 043—Loopback Activate Code Pattern (LBA). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-50 044—Loopback Deactivate Code Pattern (LBD) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-51 045—Receive Alarm Signal Configuration (RALM) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-51 046—Alarm/Error/Counter Latch Configuration (LATCH) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-52 047—Alarm 1 Status (ALM1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-53 048—Alarm 2 Status (ALM2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-56 049—Alarm 3 Status (ALM3) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-57 3.9 Performance Monitoring Registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-58 050—Framing Bit Error Counter LSB (FERR) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-58 051—Framing Bit Error Counter MSB (FERR) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-58 052—CRC Error Counter LSB (CERR) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-58 053—CRC Error Counter MSB (CERR) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-59 054—Line Code Violation Counter LSB (LCV) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-59 055—Line Code Violation Counter MSB (LCV) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-59 056—Far End Block Error Counter LSB (FEBE) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-59 057—Far End Block Error Counter MSB (FEBE) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-59 058—PRBS Bit Error Counter LSB (BERR) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-60 059—PRBS Bit Error Counter MSB (BERR) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-60 05A—SEF/LOF/COFA Alarm Counter (AERR) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-60 3.10 Receive Sa-Byte Buffers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-61 05B—Receive Sa4 Byte Buffer (RSA4) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 05C—Receive Sa5 Byte Buffer (RSA5) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 05D—Receive Sa6 Byte Buffer (RSA6) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 05E—Receive Sa7 Byte Buffer (RSA7) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 05F—Receive Sa8 Byte Buffer (RSA8) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . N8370DSE Conexant 3-61 3-61 3-62 3-62 3-63 vii Bt8370/8375/8376 Table of Contents Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface 3.11 Transmit LIU Registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-64 060–067—Transmit Pulse Shape Configuration (SHAPE) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-64 068—Transmit LIU Configuration (TLIU_CR) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-64 3.12 Transmitter Registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-67 070—Transmit Framer Configuration (TCR0) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-67 071—Transmitter Configuration (TCR1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-71 072—Transmit Frame Format (TFRM) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-73 073—Transmit Error Insert (TERROR) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-74 074—Transmit Manual Sa-Byte/FEBE Configuration (TMAN) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-75 075—Transmit Alarm Signal Configuration (TALM) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-76 076—Transmit Test Pattern Configuration (TPATT) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-77 077—Transmit Inband Loopback Code Configuration (TLB) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-79 078—Transmit Inband Loopback Code Pattern (LBP) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-79 3.13 Transmit Sa-Byte Buffers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-80 07B—Transmit Sa4 Byte Buffer (TSA4) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 07C—Transmit Sa5 Byte Buffer (TSA5) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 07D—Transmit Sa6 Byte Buffer (TSA6). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 07E—Transmit Sa7 Byte Buffer (TSA7) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 07F—Transmit Sa8 Byte Buffer (TSA8) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-80 3-80 3-81 3-81 3-82 3.14 Clock Rate Adapter Registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-83 090—Clock Rate Adapter Configuration (CLAD_CR) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-83 091—CLAD Frequency Select (CSEL) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-84 092—CLAD Phase Detector Scale Factor (CPHASE) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-85 093—CLAD Test (CTEST) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-86 3.15 Bit-Oriented Protocol Registers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-87 0A0—Bit Oriented Protocol Transceiver (BOP) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-87 0A1—Transmit BOP Codeword (TBOP) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-89 0A2—Receive BOP Codeword (RBOP) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-90 0A3—BOP Status (BOP_STAT) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-90 3.16 Data Link Registers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-91 0A4—DL1 Time Slot Enable (DL1_TS) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-91 0A5—DL1 Bit Enable (DL1_BIT) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-92 0A6—DL1 Control (DL1_CTL) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-92 0A7—RDL #1 FIFO Fill Control (RDL1_FFC) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-95 0A8—Receive Data Link FIFO #1 (RDL1). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-96 0A9—RDL #1 Status (RDL1_STAT) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-97 0AA—Performance Report Message (PRM) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-98 0AB—TDL #1 FIFO Empty Control (TDL1_FEC) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-99 0AC—TDL #1 End Of Message Control (TDL1_EOM) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-100 0AD—Transmit Data Link FIFO #1 (TDL1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-100 0AE—TDL #1 Status (TDL1_STAT) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-100 0AF—DL2 Time Slot Enable (DL2_TS) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-101 viii Conexant N8370DSE Bt8370/8375/8376 Table of Contents Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface 0B0—DL2 Bit Enable (DL2_BIT) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-102 0B1—DL2 Control (DL2_CTL) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-102 0B2—RDL #2 FIFO Fill Control (RDL2_FFC) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-104 0B3—Receive Data Link FIFO #2 (RDL2). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-106 0B4—RDL #2 Status (RDL2_STAT) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-107 0B6—TDL #2 FIFO Empty Control (TDL2_FEC) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-108 0B7—TDL #2 End Of Message Control (TDL2_EOM) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-108 0B8—Transmit Data Link FIFO #2 (TDL2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-109 0B9—TDL #2 Status (TDL2_STAT) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-109 0BA—DLINK Test Configuration (DL_TEST1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-110 0BB—DLINK Test Status (DL_TEST2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-110 0BC—DLINK Test Status (DL_TEST3) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-110 0BD—DLINK Test Control #1 or Configuration #2 (DL_TEST4) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-110 0BE—DLINK Test Control #2 or Configuration #2 (DL_TEST5) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-111 3.17 System Bus Registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-112 0D0—System Bus Interface Configuration (SBI_CR) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-112 0D1—Receive System Bus Configuration (RSB_CR) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-114 0D2—RSB Sync Bit Offset (RSYNC_BIT) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-115 0D3—RSB Sync Time Slot Offset (RSYNC_TS) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-116 0D4—Transmit System Bus Configuration (TSB_CR) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-117 0D5—TSB Sync Bit Offset (TSYNC_BIT) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-119 0D6—TSB Sync Time Slot Offset (TSYNC_TS) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-119 0D7—Receive Signaling Configuration (RSIG_CR) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-121 0D8—Signaling Reinsertion Frame Offset (RSYNC_FRM) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-123 0D9—Slip Buffer Status (SSTAT) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-123 0DA—Receive Signaling Stack (STACK) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-126 0DB—RSLIP Phase Status (RPHASE) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-127 0DC—TSLIP Phase Status (TPHASE) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-127 0DD—RAM Parity Status (PERR) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-128 0E0–0FF—System Bus Per-Channel Control (SBCn; n = 0 to 31) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-128 100–11F—Transmit Per-Channel Control (TPCn; n = 0 to 31) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-129 120–13F—Transmit Signaling Buffer (TSIGn; n = 0 to 31) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-131 140–15F—Transmit PCM Slip Buffer (TSLIP_LOn; n = 0 to 31) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-132 160–17F—Transmit PCM Slip Buffer (TSLIP_HIn; n = 0 to 31). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-132 180–19F—Receive Per-Channel Control (RPCn; n = 0 to 31) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-133 1A0–1BF—Receive Signaling Buffer (RSIGn; n = 0 to 31) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-134 1C0–1DF—Receive PCM Slip Buffer (RSLIP_LOn; n = 0 to 31) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-135 1E0–1FF—Receive PCM Slip Buffer (RSLIP_HIn; n = 0 to 31) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-135 3.18 Register Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-136 N8370DSE Conexant ix Bt8370/8375/8376 Table of Contents Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface 4.0 Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-1 4.1 5.0 External Component Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-1 Electrical/Mechanical Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-1 5.1 Absolute Maximum Ratings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-1 5.2 Recommended Operating Conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-2 5.3 Electrical Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-2 5.4 AC Characteristics. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-4 5.5 MPU Interface Timing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-9 5.6 System Bus Interface (SBI) Timing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-17 5.7 JTAG Interface Timing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-23 5.8 Mechanical Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-24 Appendix A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-1 A.1 Superframe Format (SF) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-1 A.2 T1DM Format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-3 A.3 SLC 96 Format (SLC). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-4 A.4 Extended Superframe Format (ESF) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-5 A.5 E1 Frame Format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-8 A.6 IRSM CEPT Frame Format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-10 Appendix B . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-1 B.1 Applicable Standards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-1 Appendix C . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C-1 C.1 System Bus Compatibility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C-1 C.1.1 AT&T Concentration Highway Interface (CHI) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C-1 C.1.2 CHI Programming Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C-2 Appendix D . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D-1 x D.1 Notation and Acronyms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D-1 D.1.1 Arithmetic Notation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D-1 D.2 Acronyms and Abbreviations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D-2 D.2.1 Revision History . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D-5 Conexant N8370DSE Bt8370/8375/8376 List of Figures Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface List of Figures Figure 1-1. Figure 1-2. Figure 2-1. Figure 2-2. Figure 2-3. Figure 2-4. Figure 2-5. Figure 2-6. Figure 2-7. Figure 2-8. Figure 2-9. Figure 2-10. Figure 2-11. Figure 2-12. Figure 2-13. Figure 2-14. Figure 2-15. Figure 2-16. Figure 2-17. Figure 2-18. Figure 2-19. Figure 2-20. Figure 2-21. Figure 2-22. Figure 2-23. Figure 2-24. Figure 2-25. Figure 2-26. Figure 2-27. Figure 2-28. Figure 2-29. Figure 2-30. Figure 2-31. Figure 2-32. Figure 2-33. Figure 2-34. Figure 2-35. Figure 2-36. Figure 2-37. N8370DSE Bt8370/8375/8376 Pinout Diagram. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-2 Bt8370/8375/8376 Logic Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-3 Detailed Bt8370 Block Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-2 Detailed Bt8375 Block Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-3 Detailed Bt8376 Block Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-4 RLIU Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-5 RLIU Waveforms—Bipolar Input Signal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-6 RLIU Waveforms—P and N Rail Digital Input Signal. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-6 Receive Input Jitter Tolerance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-8 Jitter Attenuator Block Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-9 CLAD/JAT Input Jitter Tolerance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-11 CLAD/JAT Jitter Transfer Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-12 RCVR Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-14 Receive External Data Link Waveforms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-26 Polled Receive Data Link Processing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-29 Interrupt Driven Receive Data Link Processing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-30 RSB Waveforms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-32 RSB 4.096 MHz Bus Mode Time Slot Interleaving. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-33 RSB 8.192 MHz Bus Mode Time Slot Interleaving. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-33 RSB Diagram. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-34 T1 Line to E1 System Bus Time Slot Mapping. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-36 G.802 Embedded Framing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-38 Clock Rate Adapter/Jitter Attenuator Block Diagram (Bt8370 and Bt8375 Devices) . . . . . 2-40 Clock Rate Adapter/Jitter Attenuator Block Diagram (Bt8376 Device Only). . . . . . . . . . . . 2-41 TSB Interface Block Diagram. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-46 Transmit System Bus Waveforms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-47 TSB 4.096 MHz Bus Mode Time Slot Interleaving . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-47 TSB 8.192 MHz Bus Mode Time Slot Interleaving . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-47 Transmit Framing and Timebase Alignment Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-50 XMTR Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-53 Transmit External Data Link Waveforms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-54 Polled Transmit Data Link Processing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-57 Interrupt Driven Transmit Data Link Processing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-58 Zero Code Substitution Formats . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-66 TLIU Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-68 TLIU Waveform . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-69 Standard DS1 Pulse Template . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-70 T1 Pulse Template Test Circuit. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-70 Standard E1 (G.703) Pulse Template. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-71 Conexant xi Bt8370/8375/8376 List of Figures Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface Figure 2-38. Figure 2-39. Figure 2-40. Figure 2-41. Figure 2-42. Figure 2-43. Figure 2-44. Figure 2-45. Figure 2-46. Figure 2-47. Figure 2-48. Figure 2-49. Figure 3-1. Figure 4-1. Figure 4-2. Figure 4-3. Figure 4-4. Figure 5-1. Figure 5-2. Figure 5-3. Figure 5-4. Figure 5-5. Figure 5-6. Figure 5-7. Figure 5-8. Figure 5-9. Figure 5-10. Figure 5-11. Figure 5-12. Figure 5-13. Figure 5-14. Figure 5-15. Figure 5-16. Figure 5-17. Figure 5-18. Figure 5-19. Figure 5-20. Figure 5-21. Figure A-1. Figure A-2. Figure A-3. xii E1 (G.703) Pulse Template Test Circuit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-71 Digitized AMI Pulse Shape . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-74 TPLL Input Clock Jitter Tolerance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-76 0 dB LBO Isolated Pulse Template. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-78 7.5 dB LBO Isolated Pulse Template . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-78 15.0 dB LBO Isolated Pulse Template . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-79 22.5 dB LBO Isolated Pulse Template . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-79 External Termination Resistor Placement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-80 Nominal Return Loss. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-81 Output Pulse Height versus Transmit Termination Impedance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-82 Microprocessor Interface Block Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-83 JTAG Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-88 Receive Equalizer Eye Pattern Output . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-45 Option A: Long Haul Application with Ground Reference on the Line Side . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-3 Option B: Long Haul with No Ground Reference . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-5 Option C: Long Haul Application with No Ground Reference on the Line . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-7 Option D: Short Haul Interface Application . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-9 Minimum Clock Pulse Widths . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-4 Input Data Setup/Hold Timing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-7 Output Data Delay Timing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-7 1-Second Input/Output Timing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-7 SBI Timing: Setup and Hold Time for RFSYNC/RMSYNC and TFSYNC/TMSYNC Input Signals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-8 Motorola Asynchronous Read Cycle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-9 Motorola Asynchronous Write Cycle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-10 Intel Asynchronous Read Cycle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-11 Intel Asynchronous Write Cycle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-12 Motorola Synchronous Read Cycle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-13 Motorola Synchronous Write Cycle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-14 Intel Synchronous Read Cycle. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-15 Intel Synchronous Write Cycle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-16 SBI Timing - 1536K Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-17 SBI Timing—1544K Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-18 SBI Timing—2048K Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-19 SBI Timing—4096K Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-20 SBI Timing—8192K Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-21 SBI Timing—Eight Clock Edge Combinations (Applicable to Any SBI Mode) . . . . . . . . . . 5-22 JTAG Interface Timing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-23 80-Pin Metric Quad Flat Pack (MQFP). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-24 T1 Superframe PCM Format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-1 T1 Extended Superframe PCM Format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-5 E1 Format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-8 Conexant N8370DSE Bt8370/8375/8376 List of Tables Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface List of Tables Table 1-1. Table 2-1. Table 2-2. Table 2-3. Table 2-4. Table 2-5. Table 2-6. Table 2-7. Table 2-8. Table 2-9. Table 2-10. Table 2-11. Table 2-12. Table 2-13. Table 2-14. Table 2-15. Table 2-16. Table 2-17. Table 2-18. Table 2-19. Table 2-20. Table 2-21. Table 2-22. Table 2-23. Table 2-24. Table 2-25. Table 2-26. Table 2-27. Table 2-28. Table 3-1. Table 3-2. Table 3-3. Table 3-4. Table 3-5. Table 3-6. Table 3-7. Table 3-8. Table 3-9. Table 3-10. N8370DSE Hardware Signal Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-4 CLAD/JAT Jitter Transfer Functions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-13 Receive Framer Modes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-22 Criteria for Loss/Recovery of Receive Framer Alignment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-23 Commonly Used Data Link Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-27 RSB Interface Time Slot Mapping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-34 JCLK/CLADO Timing Reference. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-42 Jitter Generation Requirements. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-42 CLADO Frequencies Selection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-43 Common CLADI Reference Frequencies and CLAD Configuration Examples. . . . . . . . . . . . 2-44 Commonly Used Data Link Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-55 Yellow Alarm Generation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-61 Yellow Alarm Register Bits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-61 Multiframe Yellow Alarm Generation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-62 Multiframe Yellow Alarm Register Bits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-62 ANSI T1.102, 1993–DS1 Pulse Template Corner Points, Maximum Curve . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-72 ANSI T1.102, 1993–DS1 Pulse Template Corner Points, Minimum Curve . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-72 ANSI T1.403, 1995–DS1 Pulse Template Corner Points, Maximum Curve . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-72 ANSI T1.403, 1995–DS1 Pulse Template Corner Points, Minimum Curve . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-72 G.703, 1988–DS1 Pulse Template Corner Points, Maximum Curve . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-72 G.703, 1988–DS1 Pulse Template Corner Points, Minimum Curve . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-73 G.703, 1988–Pulse Template Corner Points, Maximum Curve . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-73 G.703, 1988–Pulse Template Corner Points, Minimum Curve. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-73 Transmit Pulse . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-75 Microprocessor Interface Operating Modes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-84 JTAG Instructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-88 Bt8370/8375/8376 Device Identification JTAG Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-89 Bt8375 Device Identification JTAG Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-89 Bt8376 Device Identification JTAG Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-89 Address Map . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-1 Receive Framer Modes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-10 Interrupt Status Register Summary. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-15 Counter Overflow Behavior . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-24 Maximum Average Reframe Time (MART) and Framer Timeout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-30 System Bus Sync Mode Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-33 Common TFSYNC and TMSYNC Configurations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-34 Common RFSYNC and RMSYNC Configurations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-34 Receive LIU Register Settings versus Application . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-38 VGA Maximum Settings for Receive Sensitivity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-42 Conexant xiii Bt8370/8375/8376 List of Tables Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface Table 3-11. Table 3-12. Table 3-13. Table 3-14. Table 3-15. Table 3-16. Table 3-17. Table 3-18. Table 3-19. Table 3-20. Table 3-21. Table 3-22. Table 3-23. Table 3-24. Table 3-25. Table 3-26. Table 3-27. Table 3-28. Table 3-29. Table 3-30. Table 3-31. Table 3-32. Table 3-33. Table 3-34. Table 3-35. Table 3-36. Table 3-37. Table 3-38. Table 3-39. Table 4-1. Table 4-2. Table 5-1. Table 5-2. Table 5-3. Table 5-4. Table 5-5. Table 5-6. Table 5-7. Table 5-8. Table 5-9. Table 5-10. Table 5-11. Table 5-12. Table 5-13. Table 5-14. Table 5-15. xiv Receive PRBS Test Pattern . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-49 Receive Yellow Alarm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-53 Receive Yellow Alarm Set/Clear Criteria . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-54 Return Loss Values . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-65 E1 Transmit Framer Modes (T1/E1N = 0) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-68 T1 Transmit Framer Modes (T1/E1N = 1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-68 Criteria for E1 Loss/Recovery of Transmit Frame Alignment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-69 Criteria for T1 Loss/Recovery of Transmit Frame Alignment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-70 Transmit Framer Position . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-71 Transmit Zero Code Suppression . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-72 Transmit PRBS Test Pattern . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-78 (Datalink Configuration Register Description) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-87 Remote DS0 Channel Loopback . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-130 Global Control and Status Registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-136 Interrupt Request Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-136 Interrupt Status Registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-137 Interrupt Enable Registers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-137 Primary Control and Status Registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-138 Receive LIU Registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-138 Receiver Registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-139 Performance Monitoring Registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-140 Receive Sa-Byte Buffers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-140 Transmit LIU Registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-141 Transmitter Registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-141 Transmit Sa-Byte Buffers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-141 CLAD Registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-142 Bit-Oriented Protocol Registers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-142 Data Link Registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-142 System Bus Registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-144 Transformer Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-1 REFCKI (10 MHz) Crystal Oscillator Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-2 Absolute Maximum Ratings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-1 Recommended Operating Conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-2 DC Characteristics. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-2 Line Interface Unit (RLIU, TLIU) Performance Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-3 Input Clock Timing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-4 Input Data Setup and Hold Timing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-5 Output Data Delay Timing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-6 1-Second Input/Output Timing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-6 Motorola Asynchronous Read Cycle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-9 Motorola Asynchronous Write Cycle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-10 Intel Asynchronous Read Cycle. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-11 Intel Asynchronous Write Cycle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-12 Motorola Synchronous Read Cycle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-13 Motorola Synchronous Write Cycle. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-14 Intel Synchronous Read Cycle. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-15 Conexant N8370DSE Bt8370/8375/8376 List of Tables Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface Table 5-16. Table 5-17. Table 5-18. Table A-1. Table A-2. Table A-3. Table A-4. Table A-5. Table A-6. Table A-7. Table A-8. Table B-1. N8370DSE Intel Synchronous Write Timing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-16 Test and Diagnostic Interface Timing Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-23 Test and Diagnostic Interface Switching Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-23 Superframe Format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-2 T1DM Frame Format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-3 SLC-96 Fs Bit Contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-4 Extended Superframe Format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-6 Performance Report Message Structure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-7 ITU–T CEPT Frame Format Time Slot 0-Bit Allocations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-9 IRSM CEPT Frame Format Time Slot 0-Bit Allocations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-10 CEPT (ITU–T and IRSM) Frame Format Time Slot 16-Bit Allocations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-11 Applicable Standards. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-1 Conexant xv Bt8370/8375/8376 List of Tables Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface xvi Conexant N8370DSE Bt8370/8375/8376 1.0 Pin Descriptions 1.1 Pin Assignments Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface 1 1.0 Pin Descriptions 1.1 Pin Assignments Bt8370/8375/8376 is packaged in an 80-pin Metric Quad Flat Pack (MQFP). A pinout diagram of this device is illustrated in Figure 1-1. Figure 1-2 details a Bt8370/8375/8376 logic diagram. Pin labels, names, I/O functions, and descriptions are provided in Table 1-1. The input pins listed below contain an internal pullup resistor (>50 kΩ) and can remain unconnected if the active-high input state is desired. All other unused input pins should be either pulled up or grounded. N8370DSE 1 A[7:0] Address lines unused in INTEL bus mode 2 XOE Active-high enables analog bipolar output 3 MOTO* Pullup selects INTEL bus mode if unconnected 4 SYNCMD Pullup selects synchronous processor interface 5 RCKI Receive clock unused if analog inputs enabled 6 TDI Unused if JTAG not connected 7 TMS Disables JTAG if not connected 8 TCK Unused if JTAG not connected 9 RST* Disables hardware reset if not connected 10 TDLI Unused if no external data link 11 TSIGI Unused if signaling data not supported by system bus Conexant 1-1 Bt8370/8375/8376 1.0 Pin Descriptions 1.1 Pin Assignments Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface 80 79 78 77 76 75 74 73 72 71 70 69 68 67 66 65 64 63 62 61 SIGFRZ XOE MOTO* DTACK* RCKI GND[6] RRING RTIP VDD[6] RNEGI RPOSI VDD[5] REFCKI CLADI CLADO (NC)(3) TCKI TCKO GND[5] GND[4] VSET Figure 1-1. Bt8370/8375/8376 Pinout Diagram 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 Bt8370/8375/8376 80-Pin MQFP 60 59 58 57 56 55 54 53 52 51 50 49 48 47 46 45 44 43 42 41 VDD[4] VDD[3] XTIP XRING GND[3] TDI TDO TCK TMS ACKI VDD[2] GND[2] RCKO RPOSO/RDLO RNEGO/RDLCKO RSBCKI RMSYNC RFSYNC RPCMO TPOSI/TDLI A[6] AD[6] A[7] AD[7] A[8] CLKMD TPOSO/TNRZO/TINDO RST* MCLK VDD[1] GND[1] ONESEC TSIGI TPCMI TFSYNC TMSYNC TSBCKI TNEGI/TDLCKO TNEGO/MSYNCO/RINDO RSIGO 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 SYNCMD CS* INTR* DS* (RD*) AS* (ALE) R/W*(WR*) VDD[0] GND[0] A[0] AD[0] A[1] AD[1] A[2] AD[2] A[3] AD[3] A[4] AD[4] A[5] AD[5] NOTE(S): 1. Default pin assignments listed first for pins with multiple modes. 2. Motorola-style processor pin names listed first with Intel pins in parentheses. 3. Pin 66 is not connected for the Bt8376 device. 1-2 Conexant N8370DSE Bt8370/8375/8376 1.0 Pin Descriptions 1.1 Pin Assignments Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface Figure 1-2. Bt8370/8375/8376 Logic Diagram Hardware Reset I 28 RST* Processor Clock I 29 MCLK Motorola Bus mode I 78 MOTO* Sync Bus mode I 1 Clock mode I 26 Address Bus I (1) A[8:0] I/O (1) AD[7:0] Address Strobe I 5 AS* (ALE) Chip Select I 2 CS* Read or Data Strobe I 4 DS* (RD*) Write Strobe or Read/Write I 6 R/W*(WR*) Transmit Output Enable I 79 XOE Receive Tip I 73 RTIP Receive Ring I 74 RRING Data Bus or Address/Data Voltage Reference Set I/O 61 SYNCMD Microprocessor Interface (MPU) CLKMD VSET Tx Clock In I 65 TCKI I 51 ACKI Tx Positive In/TDL Data In I 41 TPOSI/TDLI Tx Negative In/TDL Clock PIO 38 Rx Clock In I 76 RCKI Rx Positive In I 70 RPOSI Rx Negative In I 71 RNEGI TSB Clock I 37 TSBCKI TSB Data I 34 TPCMI TSB Signaling I 33 TSIGI RSB Clock I 45 RSBCKI Digital Receiver (RCVR) Interrupt Request DTACK* 77 O Data Transfer Acknowledge XTIP 58 XRING 57 O Transmit Tip O Transmit Ring TCKO 64 O Tx Clock Output TPOSO/TNRZO 27 O Tx Positive Out/Tx NRZ Data(2) TNEGO/MSYNCO 39 O Tx Negative Out/(2) Tx Multiframe Sync RCKO 48 O Rx Clock Out RPOSO/RDLO 47 O Rx Positive Out/RDL Data Out RNEGO/RDLCKO 46 O Rx Negative Out/RDL Clock Out TINDO 27 O TSB Time Slot Indicator(2) Transmit System Bus (TSB) Receive System Bus (RSB) CLAD In I 67 CLADI Reference Clock I 68 REFCKI Test Clock I 53 TCK Test Mode Select I 52 TMS Test Data In I 55 TDI 1-second Timer O Digital Transmitter (XMTR) TNEGI/TDLCKO PIO INTR* 3 Receive, Transmit Line Interface (RLIU, TLIU) All Ones Clock ONESEC 32 TFSYNC 35 PIO TSB Frame Sync TMSYNC 36 PIO TSB Multiframe Sync RPCMO 42 O RSB Data Out RSIGO 40 O RSB Signaling Out RINDO 39 O RSB Time Slot Indicator(2) RFSYNC 43 PIO RSB Frame Sync RMSYNC 44 PIO RSB Multiframe Sync SIGFRZ 80 O Signaling Freeze Clock Rate Adapter (CLAD) CLADO 66 O CLAD Out (NC)(3) Boundary Scan (JTAG) TDO 54 O Test Data Out I = Input, O = Output, PIO = Programmable I/O; controls located at PIO (address 018) NOTE(S): (1) Refer to Figure 1-1 Bt8370/8375/8376 Pinout Diagram. Pins 27 and 39 shown twice for clarity; pin function controlled by PIO (addr 018). (3) Pin 66 is not connected for the Bt8376 device. (2) N8370DSE Conexant 1-3 Bt8370/8375/8376 1.0 Pin Descriptions 1.1 Pin Assignments Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface Table 1-1. Hardware Signal Definitions (1 of 8) Pin Label Signal Name I/O Definition Microprocessor Interface (MPU) RST* Hardware Reset I RST* low-to-high transition forces registers to their default, power-up state and forces all PIO pins to the input state. RST* is not mandatory, because internal power on reset circuit performs an identical function. RST* can be applied asynchronously, but must remain asserted for a minimum of 2 clock cycles (external MCLK or internal 32 MHz) for the low-to-high transition to be sampled and detected (see also [RESET; addr 001]). MCLK Processor Clock I System applies MCLK in the range of 8–36 MHz for external clock (CLKMD = 1) and synchronous bus modes (SYNCMD = 1). During internal clock modes (CLKMD = 0), the Bt8370/8375/8376 uses an internally generated 32 MHz clock to control processor timing, and MCLK input is ignored. MOTO* Motorola Bus mode I Selects Intel- or Motorola-style microprocessor interface. DS*, R/W*, A[8:0], and AD[7:0] functions are affected. 0 = Motorola; AD[7:0] is data, A[8:0] is address, DS* is data strobe, and R/W* indicates the read (high) or write (low) data direction. 1 = Intel; AD[7:0] is multiplexed address/data, A[7:0] ignored, A[8] is address line, DS* is read strobe (RD*), and R/W* is write strobe (WR*). SYNCMD Sync mode I Selects whether read/write cycle timing is synchronous with MCLK. Supports Intel- or Motorola-style buses: 0 = Asynchronous bus; read data enable and write data input latch are asynchronously controlled by CS*, DS*, and R/W* signals. Latched write data is still synchronized internally to 32 MHz clock for transfer to addressed register. 1 = Synchronous bus; applicable only if the external clock is also selected (CLKMD = 1). MCLK rising edge samples CS*, DS*, and R/W* to determine valid read/write cycle timing. Allows 0 wait state processor cycles for MCLK speeds up to 36 MHz, for M68000 type buses. CLKMD Clock mode I Selects whether MCLK is enabled (high) or ignored (low). When enabled, MCLK frequency determines update rate of internal registers and sampling rate of CS*, DS*, and R/W* signals. A[8:0] Address Bus I AS* falling edge asynchronously latches A[8:0] (Motorola) or A[8] (Intel) to identify 1 register for subsequent read/write data transfer cycle. AD[7:0] Data Bus or Address Data I/O Multiplexed address/data (Intel) or only data (Motorola). Refer to MOTO* signal definition. AS* (ALE) Address Strobe I For all processor bus modes, AS* falling edge asynchronously latches address from A[8:0] (Motorola) or from A[8] and AD[7:0] (Intel). For sync modes (SYNCMD = 1), each read/write data cycle requires both AS* and CS* active-low on MCLK rising edge. CS* Chip Select I Active-low enables read/write decoder. Active-high ends current read or write cycle and places data bus output in high impedance. DS*(RD*) Data Strobe or Read Strobe I Active-low read data strobe (RD*) for MOTO* = 1, or read/write data strobe (DS*) for MOTO* = 0. R/W*(WR*) Read/Write Direction or Write Strobe I Active-low write data strobe (WR*) for MOTO* = 1, or read/write data select (R/W*) for MOTO = 0. 1-4 Conexant N8370DSE Bt8370/8375/8376 1.0 Pin Descriptions 1.1 Pin Assignments Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface Table 1-1. Hardware Signal Definitions (2 of 8) Pin Label Signal Name I/O Definition Microprocessor Interface (MPU) (Continued) ONESEC 1-second Timer PIO Controls or marks 1-second interval used for status reporting. When input, the timer is aligned to ONESEC rising edge. When output, rising edge indicates start of each 1-second interval. Typically, 1 device in a multi-line system is configured to output ONESEC to synchronize other Bt8370/8375/8376 status reports on a common 1-second interval. INTR* Interrupt Request O Open drain active-low output signifies 1 or more pending interrupt requests. INTR* goes to high-impedance state after processor has serviced all pending interrupt requests. DTACK* Data Transfer Acknowledge O Open drain active-low output signifies in-progress data transfer cycle. DTACK* remains asserted (low) for as long as AS* and CS* are both active-low. DTACK* is only implemented during synchronous Motorola processor interface modes. Refer to the timing diagrams in Section 5.5, MPU Interface Timing. Line Interface Unit (LIU) XOE Transmit Output Enable I Active-high input enables XTIP and XRING output drivers; otherwise, both outputs are placed in high-impedance state. XOE contains internal pullup so systems that do not require three-stated outputs can leave XOE unconnected. XOE needs to be disabled during Power-On Reset (POR) and re-enabled after configuring the part. Refer to Power-On Reset procedure in Section 2.10.4, Device Reset. RTIP, RRING Receive Tip/Ring I Differential AMI data inputs for direct connection to receive transformer. VSET Voltage Reference Set I/O Constant voltage output. Must be connected to an external 1% resistor equal to 14 kΩ to ground (GND[4] pin 62). The VSET resistor sets the internal precision current reference of 100 µA and also controls the transmit pulse height. XTIP, XRING Transmit Tip/Ring O Complementary AMI data outputs for direct connection to transmit transformer. Optionally, both outputs are three-stated when XOE is negated. Digital Transmitter (XMTR) TCKI Tx Clock Input I Primary TX line rate clock applied on TCKI, or the system chooses from 1 of four different clocks to act as TX clock source (see [CMUX; addr 01A]). The selected source is used to clock digital transmitter signals TPOSI, TNEGI, TPOSO, TNEGO, TNRZO, MSYNCO, TDLI, and TDLCKO. If TSLIP is bypassed, selected source also clocks TSB signals. ACKI All Ones Clock I System optionally applies ACKI for AIS transmission, if the selected primary transmit clock source fails. ACKI is either manually or automatically switched to replace TCKI (see [AISCLK; addr 068]). Systems without an AIS clock must tie ACKI to ground. N8370DSE Conexant 1-5 Bt8370/8375/8376 1.0 Pin Descriptions 1.1 Pin Assignments Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface Table 1-1. Hardware Signal Definitions (3 of 8) Pin Label Signal Name I/O Definition Digital Transmitter (XMTR) (Continued) TPOSI TX Positive Rail Input I Line rate data input on TCKI falling edge. Replaces all data that would otherwise be supplied by ZCS encoder. Bt8370/8375/8376 default power on state selects TPOSI/TNEGI as source for all transmitted XTIP/XRING output pulses, encoded as follows: TPOSI TNEGI TX Pulse Polarity 0 0 No pulse 0 1 Negative AMI pulse 1 0 Positive AMI pulse 1 1 Invalid NOTE(S): Software must set TDL_IO (addr 018) to enable normal data from internal transmitter. TNEGI TX Negative Rail Input I Line rate data input on TCKI falling edge. Replaces all data that would otherwise be supplied by ZCS encoder. Refer to TPOSI signal definition. TPOSO TX Positive Rail Output O Line rate data output from ZCS encoder or JAT on rising edge of TCKO. Active-high marks transmission of a positive AMI pulse. Used to monitor transmit data or for systems that employ an external line interface unit. TNEGO TX Negative Rail Output O Line-rate data output from ZCS encoder or JAT on rising edge of TCKO. Active-high marks transmission of a negative AMI pulse. Used to monitor transmit data or for systems that use an external line interface unit. TDLI TX Data Link Input I Selected time slot bits are sampled on TDLCKO falling edge for insertion into the transmit output stream during external data link applications. TDLCKO TX Data Link Clock O Gapped version of TCKI for external data link applications. TDLCKO high clock pulse coincides with low TCKI pulse interval during selected time slot bits (see [DL3_TS; addr 015]). TCKO TX Clock Output O Line rate clock used to align XTIP/XRING outputs. If transmit jitter attenuator (TJAT) is disabled, TCKO equals selected TCKI or ACKI. If TJAT is enabled, TCKO equals the jitter attenuated clock (JCLK). TNRZO TX Non Return to Zero Data O Line rate data output from transmitter on rising edge of TCKI. TNRZO does not include ZCS encoded bipolar violations. MSYNCO TX Multiframe Sync O Active-high for 1 TCKI clock cycle to mark the first bit of TX multiframe coincident with TNRZO. Output on rising edge of TCKI. 1-6 Conexant N8370DSE Bt8370/8375/8376 1.0 Pin Descriptions 1.1 Pin Assignments Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface Table 1-1. Hardware Signal Definitions (4 of 8) Pin Label Signal Name I/O Definition Digital Receiver (RCVR) RCKI RX Clock Input I Line rate clock samples RPOSI and RNEGI when RLIU configured to accept dual-rail digital data (see [RDIGI; addr 020]); otherwise, RCKI is ignored. RPOSI RX Positive Rail Input I Line rate data input on falling edge of RCKI. RPOSI and RNEGI levels are interpreted as received AMI pulses, encoded as follows: RPOSI 0 0 1 1 NOTE: RNEGI 0 1 0 1 RX Pulse Polarity No pulse Negative AMI pulse Positive AMI pulse Invalid The NRZ data can be input at RPOSI or RNEGI if the other input is connected to ground. RNEGI RX Negative Rail Input I Line rate data input on falling edge of RCKI. See RPOSI signal definition. RCKO RX Clock Output O RPLL recovered line rate clock (RXCLK) or jitter attenuated clock (JCLK) output, based on programmed clock selection (see [JAT_CR; addr 002]). RPOSO RX Positive Rail Output O Line rate data output on rising edge of RCKO. Active-high indicates receipt of a positive AMI pulse on RTIP/RING inputs. RNEGO RX Negative Rail Output O Line rate data output on rising edge of RCKO. Active-high indicates receipt of a negative AMI pulse on RTIP/RING inputs. RDLO RX Data Link Output O Line rate NRZ data output from receiver on falling edge of RCKO, all data from RLIU is represented at the RDLO pin. However, selective RDLO bit positions are also marked by RDLCKO for external data link applications. RDLCKO RX Data Link Clock Output O Gapped version of RCKO for external data link applications. RDLCKO high clock pulse coincides with low RCKO pulse interval during selected time slot bits, else RDLCKO low (see Figure 2-12, Receive External Data Link Waveforms, External Data Link). N8370DSE Conexant 1-7 Bt8370/8375/8376 1.0 Pin Descriptions 1.1 Pin Assignments Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface Table 1-1. Hardware Signal Definitions (5 of 8) Pin Label Signal Name I/O Definition Transmit System Bus (TSB) TSBCKI TSB Clock Input I Bit clock and I/O signal timing for TSB according to system bus mode (see [SBI_CR; addr 0D0]). System chooses from 1 of four different clocks to act as TSB clock source (see [CMUX; addr 01A]). Rising or falling edge clocks are independently configurable for data signals TPCMI, TSIGI, TINDO and sync signals TFSYNC and TMSYNC (see [TPCM_NEG and TSYN_NEG; addr 0D4]). When configured to operate at twice the data rate, TSB clock is internally divided by two before clocking TSB data signals. TPCMI TSB Data Input I Serial data formatted into TSB frames consisting of DS0 channel time slots and optional F-bits. One group of 24 T1 time slots or 32 E1 time slots is selected from up to four available groups; data from the group is sampled by TSBCKI, then sent towards transmitter output. Time slots are routed through transmit slip buffer (see [TSLIPn; addr 140–17F]) according to TSLIP mode (see [TSBI; addr 0D4]). F-bits are taken from the start of each TSB frame or from within an embedded time slot (see [EMBED; addr 0D0]) and optionally inserted into the transmitter output (see [TFRM; addr 072] register). TSIGI TSB Signaling Input I Serial data formatted into TSB frames containing ABCD signaling bits for each system bus time slot. Four bits of TSIGI time slot carry signaling state for each accompanying TPCMI time slot. Signaling state of every time slot is sampled during first frame of the TSB multiframe, and then transferred into transmit signaling buffer [TSIGn; addr 120–13F]. TINDO TSB Time Slot Indicator O Active-high output pulse marks selective transmit system bus time slots as programmed by SBCn [addr 0E0–0FF]. TINDO occurs on TSBCKI rising or falling edges as selected by TPCM_NEG (see [TSBI; addr 0D4]). TFSYNC TSB Frame Sync PIO Input or output TSB frame sync (see [TFSYNC_IO; addr 018]). TFSYNC output is active-high for 1 TSB clock cycle at programmed offset bit location (see [TSYNC_BIT; addr 0D5]), marking offset bit position within each TSB frame and repeating once every 125 µs. When transmit framer is also enabled, TSB timebase and TFSYNC output frame alignment are established by transmit framer's examination of TPCMI serial data input. When TFSYNC is programmed as an input, the low-to-high signal transition is detected and aligns TSB timebase to programmed offset bit value. TSB timebase flywheels at 125 µs frame interval after the last TFSYNC is applied. TMSYNC TSB Multiframe Sync PIO Input or output TSB multiframe sync (see [TMSYNC_IO; addr 018]). TMSYNC output is active-high for 1 TSB clock cycle at programmed offset bit location (see [TSYNC_BIT; addr 0D5]), marking offset bit position within each TSB multiframe and repeating once every 6 ms coincident with TFSYNC. When transmit framer is also enabled, TSB timebase and TMSYNC output multiframe alignment are established by transmit framer's examination of TPCMI serial data input. When TMSYNC is programmed as an input, the low-to-high signal transition is detected and aligns TSB timebase to the programmed offset bit value and first frame of the multiframe. TSB timebase flywheels at 6 ms multiframe interval after the last TMSYNC is applied. If system bus applies TMSYNC input, TFSYNC input is not needed. 1-8 Conexant N8370DSE Bt8370/8375/8376 1.0 Pin Descriptions 1.1 Pin Assignments Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface Table 1-1. Hardware Signal Definitions (6 of 8) Pin Label Signal Name I/O Definition Receive System Bus (RSB) RSBCKI RSB Clock Input I Bit clock and I/O signal timing for RSB according to system bus mode (see [SBI_CR; addr 0D0]). System chooses from 1 of four different clocks to act as RSB clock source (see [CMUX; addr 01A]). Rising or falling edge clocks are independently configurable for data signals RPCMO, RSIGO, RINDO and sync signals RFSYNC, RMSYNC (see [RPCM_NEG and RSYN_NEG; addr 0D1]). When configured to operate at twice the data rate, RSB clock is internally divided by 2 before clocking RSB data signals. RPCMO RSB Data Output O Serial data formatted into RSB frames consisting of DS0 channel time slots, optional F-bits, and optional ABCD signaling. Time slots are routed through receive slip buffer (see [RSLIPn; addr 1C0–1FF]) according to RSLIP mode (see [RSBI; addr 0D1]). Data for each output time slot is assigned sequentially from received time slot data according to system bus channel programming (see [ASSIGN; addr 0E0–0FF]). F-bits are output at the start of each RSB frame or at the embedded time slot location (see [EMBED; addr 0D0]). ABCD signaling is optionally inserted on a per-channel basis (see [INSERT; addr 0E0–0FF]) from the local signaling buffer (see [RLOCAL; addr 180–19F]) or from the receive signaling buffer [RSIGn; addr 1A0–1BF]. When enabled, robbed bit signaling or CAS reinsertion is performed according to T1/E1 mode: the eighth time slot bit of every sixth T1 frame is replaced, or the 4-bit signaling value in the E1 time slot 16 is replaced. RSIGO RSB Signaling Output O Serial data formatted into RSB frames consisting of ABCD signaling bits for each system bus time slot. Four bits of RSIGO time slot carry signaling state for each accompanying RPCMO time slot. Local or through signaling bits are output in every frame for each time slot and updated once per RSB multiframe, regardless of per-channel RPCMO signaling reinsertion. RINDO RSB Time Slot Indicator O Active-high output pulse marks selective receive system bus time slots as programmed by SBCn [addr 0E0–0FF]. RINDO occurs on RSBCKI rising or falling edges as selected by RPCM_NEG (see [RSBI; addr 0D1]). RFSYNC RSB Frame Sync PIO Input or output RSB frame sync (see [RFSYNC_IO; addr 018]). RFSYNC output is active-high for 1 RSB clock cycle at programmed offset bit location (see [RSYNC_BIT; addr 0D2]), marking offset bit within each RSB frame and repeating once every 125 µs. RSB timebase and RFSYNC output frame alignment begins at an arbitrary position and changes alignment according to RSLIP mode (see [RSBI; addr 0D1]). When RFSYNC is programmed as an input, the low-to-high signal transition is detected and aligns RSB timebase to the programmed offset. RSB timebase flywheels at 125 µs frame interval after the last RFSYNC is applied. RMSYNC RSB Multiframe Sync PIO Input or output RSB multiframe sync (see [RMSYNC_IO; addr 018]). RMSYNC output is active-high for 1 RSB clock cycle at programmed offset bit location (see [RSYNC_BIT; addr 0D2]), marking offset bit within each RSB multiframe and repeating once every 6 ms coinciding with RFSYNC. RSB timebase and RMSYNC output multiframe alignment begins at an arbitrary position and changes alignment according to RSLIP mode (see [RSBI; addr 0D1]). When RMSYNC is programmed as input, the low-to-high signal transition is detected and aligns the RSB timebase to the programmed offset and the first frame of the multiframe. RSB timebase flywheels at 6 ms multiframe interval after the last RMSYNC is applied. N8370DSE Conexant 1-9 Bt8370/8375/8376 1.0 Pin Descriptions 1.1 Pin Assignments Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface Table 1-1. Hardware Signal Definitions (7 of 8) Pin Label Signal Name I/O Definition Receive System Bus (RSB) (Continued) SIGFRZ Signaling Freeze O Active-high indicates that signaling bit updates are suspended for both receive signaling buffer [RSIGn; addr 1A0–1BF] and stack [STACK; addr 0DA] register. SIGFRZ, clocked by RSB clock, goes high coinciding with receive loss of frame alignment (see RLOF; addr 047) and returns low 6–9 ms after recovery of frame alignment. NOTE(S): 1. All RSB and TSB outputs can be placed in high-impedance state (see SBI_OE; addr 0D0). 2. Receive System Bus (RSB) 1-10 Conexant N8370DSE Bt8370/8375/8376 1.0 Pin Descriptions 1.1 Pin Assignments Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface Table 1-1. Hardware Signal Definitions (8 of 8) Pin Label Signal Name I/O Definition Clock Rate Adapter (CLAD) CLADI CLAD Input I Optional CLAD input timing reference used to phase lock CLADO and JCLK outputs to 1 of 44 different input clock frequencies selected in the range of 8 kHz to 16384 kHz (see [CLAD registers; addr 090–092]). REFCKI Reference Clock I System must apply a 10 MHz ±50 ppm clock signal to act as frequency reference for internal Numerical Controlled Oscillator (NCO). REFCKI determines frequency accuracy and stability of CLADO and jitter attenuator (JCLK) clocks when the NCO operates in free running mode (see [JFREE; addr 002]). REFCKI is the baseband reference for all CLAD/JAT functions and is used internally to generate clocks of various frequencies, locked to a selected receive, transmit, or external clock. Hence, REFCKI is always required. CLADO CLAD Output O CLADO is configured to operate at 1 of 14 different clock frequencies (see [CSEL; addr 091]) that include T1, E1 or system bus rates. CLADO is typically programmed to supply RSB and TSB clocks that are phase-locked to the selected transmit, receive or CLADI timing reference (see [JEN; addr 002 and CEN; addr 090]). On the Bt8376 device, CLAD0 drives low when enabled. Test Access TDI JTAG Test Data Input I Test data input per IEEE Std 1149.1-1990. Used for loading all serial instructions and data into internal test logic. Sampled on the rising edge of TCK. TDI can be left unconnected if it is not being used because it is pulled up internally. TMS JTAG Test mode Select I Active-low test mode select input per IEEE Std 1149.1-1990. Internally pulled-up input signal used to control the test-logic state machine. Sampled on the rising edge of TCK. TMS can be left unconnected if it is not being used because it is pulled up internally. TDO JTAG Test Data Output O Test data output per IEEE Std 1149.1-1990. Three-state output used for reading all serial configuration and test data from internal test logic. Updated on the falling edge of TCK. TCK JTAG Test Clock I Test clock input per IEEE Std 1149.1-1990. Used for all test interface and internal test-logic operations. If unused, TCK must be pulled low. Power Supply VDD[6:0] Power I +5 VDC ±5% GND[6:0] Ground I 0 VDC NOTE(S): 1. 2. 3. 4. I = Input, O = Output PIO = Programmable I/O; controls located at address 018. Multiple signal names show mutually exclusive pin functions. All output pins power up in the high-impedance state within 3,000 cycles of the applied REFCKI (see POE; addr 019, SBI_OE; addr 0D0). N8370DSE Conexant 1-11 Bt8370/8375/8376 1.0 Pin Descriptions 1.1 Pin Assignments 1-12 Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface Conexant N8370DSE 2 2.0 Circuit Description 2.1 Bt8370/8375/8376 Block Diagrams Detailed block diagrams are illustrated in Figure 2-1 (Bt8370), Figure 2-2 (Bt8375), and Figure 2-3 (Bt8376). To show the details of this circuit, individual block diagrams, along with descriptions, appear throughout this section. 1. Receive Line Interface Unit (RLIU) 2. Jitter Attenuator (JAT) 3. Digital Receiver (RCVR) 4. Receive System Bus (RSB) 5. Clock Rate Adapter (CLAD) 6. Transmit System Bus (TSB) 7. Digital Transmitter (XMTR) 8. Transmit Line Interface Unit (TLIU) 9. Microprocessor Interface (MPU) 10. Joint Test Access Group Port (JTAG) NOTE: N8370DSE The Bt8375 differs from the Bt8370 only in that the Bt8375 does not have LBO filters in the transmit LIU. The Bt8376 differs from Bt8375 in that Bt8376 has neither a CLADO output, nor a DLINK2. Conexant 2-1 0 RPLL RDIGI 0 RJAT 1 RSIG Local RSIGO RSLIP Buffer RPCMO AIS Error Counters Alarm Monitor Receive Framer Receiver Timebase FLOOP JEN JDIR AGC SIGFRZ RPHASE 0 VGA ADC JDIR 1 Divider Chain CLADI CLADO 1 TZCS Encode 0 TPOSO TNEGO TCKO 0 TSBCKI TFSYNC TMSYNC TINDO Transmit Framer TSLIP Buffer TSIG Buffer TSIG Local TPCMI TSIGI Bt8370/8375/8376 TDLCKO TDLI MSYNCO TNRZO ACKI TCK TMS TDI TDO TPOSI TNEGI TCKI JTAG Port MCLK MOTO* SYYNCMD CLKMD CS* AS* DS* R/W* DTACK* AD[7:0] A[8:0] INTR* ONESEC RST* N8370DSE Microprocessor Port TPHASE T1/E1 Frame Insert TJAT External DLINK DLINK 2 Buffer DLINK 1 Buffer Sa-Byte/BOP PRBS/Inband LB Alarm/Error Insert PVD Enforcer 1 0 TDL_IO 1 Transmitter Timebase TSB Timebase Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface JEN JDIR 8X TPLL XOE JPHASE JCLK Clock Mon LLOOP 0 AIS NCO RLOOP Pulse Shape REFCKI CPHASE 1 0 TLOOP OR PLOOP LBO Filters RXCLK TXCLK LLOOP TAIS Analog Loopback Conexant DAC RINDO RFSYNC RMSYNC RSBCKI FLOOP DRV RSB Timebase Adaptive Equalizer 1 XTIP XRING RZCS Decode 1 RSIG STACK 2.0 Circuit Description 0 Data Slicer RSIG Buffer 2.1 Bt8370/8375/8376 Block Diagrams RDLCKO RDLO RCKO RNEGO RPOSO 1 ALOOP RTIP RRING External DLINK PRBS/Inband LB DLINK 2 Buffer DLINK 1 Buffer Sa-Byte/BOP PDV Monitor Figure 2-1. Detailed Bt8370 Block Diagram 2-2 RPOSI RNEGI RCKI 0 RPLL RDIGI 0 RJAT 1 RSIG Local RSIGO RSLIP Buffer RPCMO AIS Error Counters Alarm Monitor Receive Framer Receiver Timebase FLOOP JEN JDIR AGC SIGFRZ RPHASE 0 VGA ADC JDIR JPHASE Divider Chain JEN JDIR CLADI CLADO 0 TJAT 1 TZCS Encode 0 TPOSO TNEGO TCKO 0 TSBCKI TFSYNC TMSYNC TINDO Transmit Framer TSLIP Buffer TSIG Buffer TSIG Local TPCMI TSIGI 2-3 2.0 Circuit Description TCK TMS TDI TDO TDLCKO TDLI MCLK MOTO* SYYNCMD CLKMD CS* AS* DS* R/W* DTACK* AD[7:0] A[8:0] INTR* ONESEC RST* MSYNCO TNRZO JTAG Port TPOSI TNEGI TCKI ACKI Microprocessor Port TPHASE TSB Timebase 2.1 Bt8370/8375/8376 Block Diagrams 1 T1/E1 Frame Insert External DLINK DLINK 2 Buffer DLINK 1 Buffer Sa-Byte/BOP PRBS/Inband LB Alarm/Error Insert PVD Enforcer 1 Transmitter Timebase TDL_IO XOE NCO Clock Mon LLOOP 0 8X TPLL AIS JCLK REFCKI CPHASE RLOOP 1 1 0 TLOOP or PLOOP Pulse Shape RXCLK TXCLK LLOOP TAIS Analog Loopback Conexant DAC RINDO RFSYNC RMSYNC RSBCKI FLOOP DRV RSB Timebase Adaptive Equalizer 1 XTIP XRING RZCS Decode 1 RSIG STACK Bt8370/8375/8376 0 Data Slicer RSIG Buffer Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface 1 ALOOP RTIP RRING External DLINK PRBS/Inband LB DLINK 2 Buffer DLINK 1 Buffer Sa-Byte/BOP PDV Monitor Figure 2-2. Detailed Bt8375 Block Diagram RDLCKO RDLO RCKO RNEGO RPOSO N8370DSE RPOSI RNEGI RCKI 0 RPLL RDIGI 0 RJAT 1 RSIG Local RSIGO RSLIP Buffer RPCMO AIS Error Counters Alarm Monitor Receive Framer Receiver Timebase FLOOP JEN JDIR AGC SIGFRZ RPHASE 0 VGA ADC REFCKI NCO Divider Chain RLOOP JCLK CLADI 0 TJAT 1 T1/E1 Frame Insert External DLINK DLINK 1 Buffer Sa-Byte/BOP PRBS/Inband LB Alarm/Error Insert PVD Enforcer 1 TDL_IO 1 Transmitter Timebase TZCS Encode 0 TPOSO TNEGO TCKO 0 TSBCKI TFSYNC TMSYNC TINDO Transmit Framer TSLIP Buffer TSIG Buffer TSIG Local TPCMI TSIGI Bt8370/8375/8376 TDLCKO TDLI MSYNCO TNRZO ACKI TCK TMS TDI TDO TPOSI TNEGI TCKI JTAG Port MCLK MOTO* SYYNCMD CLKMD CS* AS* DS* R/W* DTACK* AD[7:0] A[8:0] INTR* ONESEC RST* N8370DSE Microprocessor Port TPHASE TSB Timebase Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface JEN JDIR XOE JPHASE Clock Mon LLOOP 0 8X TPLL AIS CPHASE 1 0 TLOOP or PLOOP 1 JDIR Pulse Shape RXCLK TXCLK LLOOP TAIS Analog Loopback Conexant DAC RINDO RFSYNC RMSYNC RSBCKI FLOOP DRV RSB Timebase Adaptive Equalizer 1 XTIP XRING RZCS Decode 1 RSIG STACK 2.0 Circuit Description 0 Data Slicer RSIG Buffer 2.1 Bt8370/8375/8376 Block Diagrams RDLCKO RDLO RCKO RNEGO RPOSO 1 ALOOP RTIP RRING External DLINK PRBS/Inband LB DLINK 1 Buffer Sa-Byte/BOP PDV Monitor Figure 2-3. Detailed Bt8376 Block Diagram 2-4 RPOSI RNEGI RCKI Bt8370/8375/8376 2.0 Circuit Description 2.2 Receive Line Interface Unit Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface 2.2 Receive Line Interface Unit The Receive Line Interface Unit (RLIU) recovers clock and data from the bipolar Alternate Mark Inversion (AMI) line signal that has been attenuated and distorted due to the characteristics of the line. In the Bt8370 device, the RLIU is sensitive to signals attenuated in the range of 0 to –48 dB in E1 and T1 modes. In the Bt8375 and Bt8376 devices, RLIU sensitivity is limited for short-haul only applications. In addition, the RLIU interfaces at the DSX-1 Bridge Monitor Level (–20 dB for DS1 and –30 dB for E1/CEPT). The RLIU converts AMI pulses into P and N rail Non-Return to 0 (NRZ) data. The AMI pulses are input on the receive tip and ring pins: RTIP and RRING (Figure 2-4). The P and N rail NRZ data is then passed to the RCVR. The RCVR dual rail output is available on RPOSO/RNEGO. Figure 2-5 illustrates the relationship between the AMI received signal, the recovered clock, and the RCVR dual rail outputs. Figure 2-4. RLIU Diagram RDIGI RJAT RPOSI RNEGI RTIP RRING 1 O O VGA ADC Adaptive Equalizer Data Slicer RPOSO RNEGO O 1 1 ALOOP RPLL ADC 1 RXCLK O RCKI To JAT From JAT Analog Loopback N8370DSE Conexant 2-5 Bt8370/8375/8376 2.0 Circuit Description 2.2 Receive Line Interface Unit Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface Figure 2-5. RLIU Waveforms—Bipolar Input Signal RTIP, RRING 1 5 3 2 BPV 6 4 7 RXCLK Throughput 1 RPOSO 3 RNEGO BPV 6 5 2 7 4 If the RLIU functionality is not required, a bypass mode is provided [RDIGI; addr 020]. If the RLIU is bypassed, the RTIP/RRING pins are ignored, RPOSI/RNEGI P and N rail NRZ become inputs, and RCKI becomes the receive timing source. Figure 2-6 illustrates the relationship between the RLIU P and N rail NRZ data, the RLIU receive clock input, and the RCVR dual rail output. Figure 2-6. RLIU Waveforms—P and N Rail Digital Input Signal BPV RPOSI RNEGI 1 3 5 2 6 4 7 RCKI Throughput RPOSO RNEGO 2-6 1 3 2 5 4 Conexant BPV 6 7 N8370DSE Bt8370/8375/8376 2.0 Circuit Description 2.2 Receive Line Interface Unit Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface 2.2.1 Data Recovery The RLIU recovers data from the received analog signal by normalizing the signal with the Variable Gain Amplifier (VGA) and the Automatic Gain Control (AGC), removing distortion with the Adaptive Equalizer, and extracting the data using the Data Slicer. 2.2.1.1 Automatic Gain Control The AGC circuit adjusts the gain of the incoming differential signal to achieve a normalized level. The normalized level ensures that the input signal to the ADC is 75% to 100% of full scale. This is done by measuring the peak voltage of the incoming signal with a peak detector, and inversely adjusting VGA gain based the peak value. The AGC can be forced to a fixed gain for test purposes or limited to a maximum value, which is the normal operating mode (see [FORCE_VGA; addr 020]). 2.2.1.2 Variable Gain Amplifier The FORCE_VGA bit in the LIU Configuration register [LIU_CR; addr 020] selects whether the AGC operates in Gain Limit mode or Fixed Gain mode. In Gain Limit modes, the RLIU sensitivity is initially set to the maximum (approximately 43 dB), and the gain is adjusted based the peak value recorded during the AGC observation period. The AGC observation period can be set to 32, 128, 512, or 2048 symbol periods [RLIU_CR; addr 022]. A short observation period allows quick responses to pulse height variations but possible overshoots. A long observation period minimizes overshoots, but does not react quickly to pulse height variations. The real-time status of the VGA gain setting can be read in the Variable Gain Amplifier Status register [VGA; addr 029] and used to approximate the receive analog signal level. In Fixed Gain mode, the RLIU sensitivity is set to the value stored in the Variable Gain Amplifier Maximum register [VGA_MAX; addr 024]. VGA_MAX is a 6-bit register that allows up to 64 gain settings in 1.25 dB steps. 2.2.1.3 Adaptive Equalizer After the input amplitude has been normalized, the adaptive equalizer attempts to remove the distortion introduced by the cable. The transfer function of the equalizer is initially adjusted based on the peak value of the input signal because this value provides some indication of the line length on the input. The Adaptive Equalizer then automatically fine tunes to remove most of the signal distortion due to intersymbol interference, noise, and other cable length effects. In certain applications the device can be connected to a DSX monitor point that has been resistively attenuated. Because this resistive attenuation adds no phase-versus-frequency distortion, the VGA gain must be adjusted. This is done by configuring the Receive Pad Resistor Compensation (ATTN[1,0]) in the LIU Configuration register [LIU_CR; addr 020]. The resistive attenuation can be configured to be either 0, –10, –20, or –30 dB. 2.2.1.4 Data Slicer The Data Slicer extracts the data from the equalized signal by comparing the differential inputs to threshold values. The threshold values are dynamically set, based on a percentage of the peak level obtained by the peak detector. The percentage is 50% of peak for both DS1 and CEPT. Dynamically adjusting the threshold values ensures optimum signal-to-noise ratio. If the SQUELCH bit is set in the LIU Configuration register [LIU_CR; addr 020] and the input signal level is below threshold for the entire AGC observation period (EYEOPEN = 0), Data Slicer output is forced to all 0s. N8370DSE Conexant 2-7 Bt8370/8375/8376 2.0 Circuit Description 2.2 Receive Line Interface Unit Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface 2.2.2 Clock Recovery 2.2.2.1 Phase Locked Loop The Receive Phase Locked Loop (RPLL) recovers the line rate clock from the Data Slicer dual rail outputs. The RPLL generates a recovered clock that tracks the jitter in the data from the Data Slicer, and sustains the data-to-clock phase relationship in the absence of incoming pulses. Figure 2-7 illustrates the Receive LIU’s input clock and data jitter tolerance. Figure 2-7. Receive Input Jitter Tolerance Sine Wave Jitter Amplitude (UI pk-pk) [Log Scale] 10000 Data Jitter Tolerance 1000 138 UI 100 10 TR 62411 (T1) Min. Tolerance 28 UI G. 824 (T1) Min. Tolerance 5 UI Reg. G. 823 (E1) Min. Tolerance Clock Jitter Tolerance 1.5 UI 1 0.2UI 0.35 UI .22 UI 0.1UI 0.1 0.1 1 10 100 1000 10000 100000 Sine Wave Jitter Frequency (Hz) [Log Scale] 2-8 Conexant N8370DSE Bt8370/8375/8376 2.0 Circuit Description 2.3 Jitter Attenuator Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface 2.3 Jitter Attenuator The Jitter Attenuator (JAT), illustrated in Figure 2-8, attenuates jitter in the receive or transmit path, but not both simultaneously. In the receive configuration, the line signal is recovered by the RLIU and is dejittered before it is decoded by the RCVR. In the transmit configuration, the encoded signal from the transmit block is dejittered before it is transmitted by the Transmit Line Interface Unit (TLIU). The JAT receive/transmit configuration is done through the JDIR bit in the Jitter Attenuator Configuration register [JAT_CR; addr 002]. The JAT can also be completely disabled using the Jitter Attenuation (JEN) bit in the JAT_CR register. Figure 2-8. Jitter Attenuator Block Diagram From RLIU To RLIU JCLK RXCLK Rin (to CLAD) Rout RJAT Depth or To JPHASE TJAT Tout Tin TXCLK (from CMUX) JCLK To/From TLIU N8370DSE Conexant 2-9 Bt8370/8375/8376 2.0 Circuit Description 2.3 Jitter Attenuator Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface 2.3.1 Elastic Store The elastic store size (RJAT or TJAT) is configurable using JSIZE[2:0] in the JAT_CR. The elastic store sizes available are 8, 16, 32, 64, and 128 bits. The 32-bit elastic store depth is sufficient to meet jitter tolerance requirements in cases where the jitter attenuator cutoff frequency is programmed at 6 Hz or below, and when the selected clock reference is frequency-locked. The larger elastic store depths allows greater accumulated phase offsets. For example, the 128-bit depth can tolerate up to ±64 bits of accumulated phase offset. Since the elastic store is a fixed size, it can overflow and under-run. Overflow occurs when the elastic store is full; under-run occurs when the elastic store is empty. If either of these two conditions occurs, the Jitter Attenuator Elastic Store Limit Error bit (JERR) in the Error Interrupt Status register [ISR5; addr 006] is set. To determine if an overflow or under-run occurs, the Jitter Attenuator Empty/Full bit (JMPTY) must be read from the Receive LIU Status register [RSTAT; addr 021]. The elastic store is a circular buffer with independent read and write pointers. The difference between the read and write pointers is the phase error (JPHASE) between the input and output clocks of the jitter attenuator and is used to generate JCLK. The read and write pointers are initialized using JCENTER in the JAT_CR. JCENTER resets the write pointer and forces the elastic store read pointer to 1 half of the programmed JSIZE. JCENTER also resets the JMPTY status, so JMPTY must be read before JCENTER is written. If JDIR is configured to put the jitter attenuator in the receive path, the write pointer is driven by the Receive Clock (RXCLK), and the read pointer is driven by the dejittered recovered clock (JCLK). The dejittered recovered clock output is available on the RCKO pin if the output is enabled using RCKO_OE in the Programmable Output Enable register [POE; addr 019]. The dejittering of the recovered clock is done by the Clock Rate Adapter Block (CLAD). CLAD is described later in this document. If JDIR is configured to put the jitter attenuator in the transmit path, the write pointer is driven by the Transmit Clock (TXCLK), and the read pointer is driven by the dejittered transmit clock (JCLK). TXCLK can be slaved to four different clock sources: Transmit Clock Input (TCKI), Receive Clock Output (RCKO), Receive System Bus Clock Input (RSBCKI), or Clock Rate Adapter Output (CLADO). The dejittered transmit clock is available on the TCKO pin when the output is enabled using TCKO_OE in POE. The receive LIU input clock and data jitter tolerance meets TR 62411-1990, as illustrated in Figure 2-7. The JAT input jitter tolerance is illustrated in Figure 2-9. The JAT jitter transfer function meets TR 62411-1990, as defined in Figure 2-10 and Table 2-1. 2-10 Conexant N8370DSE Bt8370/8375/8376 2.0 Circuit Description 2.3 Jitter Attenuator Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface Figure 2-9. CLAD/JAT Input Jitter Tolerance 10.0 k N AI = 04 0X N AI G = 06 0X Sine Wave Jitter Amplitude Peak-to-Peak (UI) [Log Scale] G LF LF 1.0 k 138 UI JSIZE = 128 bits 100.0 JSIZE = 64 bits 28 UI JSIZE = 32 bits JSIZE = 16 bits ITU-T Rec G.824 (T1) 10.0 7.70 JSIZE = 8 bits 5 UI 4.88 1.5 UI ITU-T Rec G.823 (E1) 1.0 TR62411 (T1) 0.2 UI 0.1 UI 0.1 0.1 1.0 10.0 100.0 1.0 k 10.0 k 100.0 k Sine Wave Jitter Frequency (Hz) [Log Scale] N8370DSE Conexant 2-11 Bt8370/8375/8376 2.0 Circuit Description 2.3 Jitter Attenuator Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface Figure 2-10. CLAD/JAT Jitter Transfer Functions 0 Jitter Attenuation (dB) -10 Rec. G.735 (Min. Atten. Boundary) -20 TR 62411 (Min. Atten. Boundary) -30 -40 G TR 62411 (Max. Attn. Boundary) -50 A B C D E F -60 1 10 100 1000 10000 100000 Sine Wave Jitter Frequency (Hz) [Log Scale] 2-12 Conexant N8370DSE Bt8370/8375/8376 2.0 Circuit Description 2.3 Jitter Attenuator Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface Table 2-1. CLAD/JAT Jitter Transfer Functions N8370DSE Curve JAT FIFO Size (bits) A 128 0x06 B 128 64 0x05 0x06 C 128 64 32 0x04 0x05 0x06 D 64 32 16 0x04 0x05 0x06 E 32 16 8 0x04 0x05 0x06 F 16 8 0x04 0x05 G 8 0x04 Conexant LF Gain 2-13 Bt8370/8375/8376 2.0 Circuit Description 2.4 Receiver Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface 2.4 Receiver The Digital Receiver (RCVR) monitors T1/E1 overhead data and decodes positive and negative rail NRZ data from the RLIU into single rail NRZ data processed by the RSB. The RCVR, illustrated in Figure 2-11, is made up of the following elements: Zero Code Suppression (RZCS) Decoder, In-Band Loopback Code Detector, Error Counters, Error Monitor, Alarm Monitor, Test Pattern Receiver, Receive Framer, External Receive Data Link, and Receive Data Links. Figure 2-11. RCVR Diagram RDLO RDLCKO RNEGO RPOSO MPU Registers DLINK1 External DLINK PRBS/Inband LB Sa-Byte RPDV Monitor RPOS RNEG MOP/BOP RZCS Decoder MOP RNRZ Error Monitor Error Counters Alarm Monitor Receive Framer Receiver Timebase Line Loopback DLINK2 (1) To RSB Framer Loopback RCKO NOTE(S): (1) 2-14 DLINK2 not available in Bt8376 device. Conexant N8370DSE Bt8370/8375/8376 2.0 Circuit Description 2.4 Receiver Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface 2.4.1 ZCS Decoder The Receive Zero Code Suppression (RZCS) decoder decodes the dual rail data (bipolar) into single rail data (unipolar). The Receive AMI bit (RAMI) in the Receiver Configuration register [RCR0; addr 040] controls whether the received signal is B8ZS/HDB3 decoded, depending on T1/E1N [addr 001] line rate selection, or depending on whether the RZCS decoder is bypassed. If the line code is unknown, the ZCSUB bit in Receive LIU Status [RSTAT; addr 021] indicates that 1 or more B8ZS/HDB3 substitution patterns have been received on the RTIP/RRING input. If the line code is B8ZS/HDB3 encoded, the RZCS bit in RCR0 must be set to keep the LCV counter from counting BPVs that are part of the B8ZS/HDB3 code. 2.4.2 In-Band Loopback Code Detection The in-band loopback code detector circuitry detects receive data with in-band codes of configurable value and length. These codes can be used to request loopback of terminal equipment signals or other user-specified applications. The two codes are referred to as loopback-activate and loopback-deactivate, although the detectors need not be used only for loopback codes. Generally, any repeating 1–7 bit pattern can be selected. The loopback application is described in Section 9.3.1 of ANSI T1.403-1995. The loopback activate code is set in the Loopback Activate Code Pattern [LBA; addr 043]. The loopback deactivate code is set in the Loopback Deactivate Code Pattern [LBD; addr 044]. The sequence length for the loopback activate and deactivate codes can be programmed for 4, 5, 6, or 7 bits by setting the code length bits of the Receive Loopback Code Detector Configuration register [RLB; addr 042]. Shorter codes can be programmed by repeating the expected pattern (e.g., 3+3 bit code programmed as 6-bit code). T1 In-Band Loopback Codes Activate 00001 Deactivate 001 When a loopback code is detected, the LOOPUP or LOOPDN status bit is set in Alarm 2 register [ALM2; addr 048], and the corresponding LOOPUP or LOOPDN bit in Alarm 2 Interrupt Status register (ISR6; addr 005] is set. The loopback detection interrupt can be enabled using the Alarm 2 Interrupt Enable register [IER6; addr 00D]. When enabled, a loop-up or loop-down code detection causes the Alarm 2 Interrupt bit [ALARM2] to be set in the Interrupt Request register [IRR; addr 003] and generates an interrupt. Since loopbacks are not automatically initiated, the processor must intercept and interpret the interrupt status condition to determine when it must enable or disable the loopback control mechanism (e.g., LLOOP; addr 014). The in-band loopback code detector circuitry is only applicable to T1 mode. N8370DSE Conexant 2-15 Bt8370/8375/8376 2.0 Circuit Description 2.4 Receiver Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface 2.4.3 Error Counters The following Performance Monitoring (PM) counters are available in the RCVR: Framing Bit Errors (FERR), CRC Errors (CERR), Line Code Violations (LCV), and Far End Block Errors (FEBE). All PM count registers are reset on read unless LATCH_CNT is set in the Alarm/Error/Counter Latch Configuration register [LATCH; addr 046]. LATCH_CNT enables the 1-second latching of counts coincident with the 1-second timer interrupt [ISR6; addr 005]. One-second latching of PM counts is required if AUTO_PRM responses are enabled. All PM counters can be disabled during RLOF, RLOS, and RAIS, using the STOP_CNT bit in the LATCH register. NOTE: 2.4.3.1 Frame Bit Error Counter The 12-bit Framing Bit Error Counter [FERR; addr 050 and 051] increments each time a receive Ft, Fs, T1DM, FPS, or FAS error is detected. Fs (T1) and NFAS (E1) errors can be included in the FERR count by setting FS_NFAS in Receive Alarm Signal Configuration [RALM; addr 045]. An interrupt is available to indicate that the FERR counter overflowed in the Counter Overflow Interrupt Status register [ISR4; addr 007]. 2.4.3.2 CRC Error Counter The 10-bit Cyclic Redundancy Check Error Counter [CERR; addr 052 and 053] increments each time a receive CRC4 (E1) or CRC6 (T1) error is detected. An interrupt is available to indicate that the CERR counter overflowed in ISR4. 2.4.3.3 LCV Error Counter The 16-bit Line Code Violation Error Counter [LCV; addr 054 and 055] increments each time a receive Bipolar Violation (BPV)—not including line coding—is detected. The LCV count can include EXZ if EXZ_LCV in the Receive Alarm Signal Configuration register [RALM; addr 045] is set. EXZ can be configured [RZCS; addr 040] to be 8 or 16 successive 0s, following a 1. An interrupt is available to indicate that the LCV counter overflowed in ISR4. 2.4.3.4 FEBE Counter 2-16 If STOP_CNT is negated, error monitoring during RLOF conditions will detect FERR, CERR, and FEBE according to the last known frame alignment. The 10-bit Far End Block Error (FEBE) counter [FEBE; addr 056 and 057] increments each time the RCVR encounters an E1 far-end block error. An interrupt is available to indicate that the FEBE counter overflowed in ISR4. Conexant N8370DSE Bt8370/8375/8376 2.0 Circuit Description 2.4 Receiver Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface 2.4.4 Error Monitor The following signal errors are detected in the RCVR: Frame Bit Error (FERR), MFAS Error (MERR), CAS Error (SERR), CRC Error (CERR), and Pulse Density Violations (PDVs). Each error type has an interrupt enable bit that allows an interrupt to occur marking the event, and has an interrupt register bit read by the interrupt service routine. All error status registers are reset on read unless the LATCH_ERR bit is set in the Alarm/Error/Counter Latch Configuration register [LATCH; addr 046]. LATCH_ERR enables the 1-second latching of alarms coincident with the 1-second timer interrupt [ISR6; addr 005]. With LATCH_ERR enabled, any error detected during the 1-second interval is latched and held during the following 1-second interval. LATCH_ERR allows the processor to gather error statistics based on the 1-second interval. FERR is reported for the receive direction in the Error Interrupt Status register [ISR5; addr 006] and for the transmit direction in Pattern Interrupt Status [ISR0; addr 00B]. FERR indicates that 1 or more Ft/Fs/FPS frame bit errors or FAS pattern errors occurred since the last time the interrupt status was read. The FERR type is determined by the receive framer’s configuration [CR0; address 001]. While CRC4 framing is enabled, MERR is reported for the receive direction in the Error Interrupt Status register [ISR5; addr 006] and for the transmit direction in Pattern Interrupt Status [ISR0; addr 00B]. MERR is only applicable in E1 mode and indicates that 1 or more MFAS pattern errors occurred since the last time the interrupt status was read. While CAS framing is enabled, SERR is reported for the receive direction in the Error Interrupt Status register [ISR5; addr 006] and for the transmit direction in Pattern Interrupt Status [ISR0; addr 00B]. SERR is applicable only in E1 mode. In this mode, SERR indicates that 1 or more errors were received in the TS16 Multiframe Alignment Signal (MAS) since the last time the interrupt status was read. CERR is reported for the receive direction in the Error Interrupt Status register [ISR5; addr 006] and for the transmit direction in Pattern Interrupt Status [ISR0; addr 00B]. CERR is only applicable in T1 ESF and E1 MFAS modes. In these modes, CERR indicates that 1 or more bit errors were found in the CRC4/CRC6 pattern block since the last time the interrupt status was read. PDV is reported when the receive signal does not meet the pulse density requirements of ANSI T1.403-1995 (Section 5.6). A PDV is declared whenever more than 15 consecutive zeros or the average ones density falls below 12.5%. RPDV is reported for the receive direction in the Alarm 1 Interrupt Status register [ISR7; addr 004]. N8370DSE Conexant 2-17 Bt8370/8375/8376 2.0 Circuit Description 2.4 Receiver Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface 2.4.5 Alarm Monitor The following signal alarms are detected in the RCVR: Loss of Frame (LOF); Loss of Signal (LOS); Analog Loss of Signal (ALOS); Alarm Indication Signal (AIS); Remote Alarm Indication (RAI) or Yellow Alarm (YEL); Multiframe Yellow Alarm (MYEL); Severely Errored Frame (SEF); Change of Frame Alignment (COFA); and Multiframe AIS (MAIS). Each alarm has the following: a status register bit that reports the real-time status of the event, an interrupt enable bit that enables an interrupt to mark the event, and an interrupt register bit read by the interrupt service routine to identify the event that caused the interrupt. All alarm status registers are reset on read unless the LATCH_ALM bit is set in Alarm/Error/Counter Latch Configuration register [LATCH; addr 046]. LATCH_ALM enables the 1-second latching of alarms coincident with the 1-second timer interrupt [ISR6; addr 005]. With LATCH_ALM enabled, any alarm detected during the 1-second interval is latched and held during the following 1-second interval. 2.4.5.1 Loss of Frame Receive Loss of Frame (RLOF) is declared when the receive data stream does not meet the framing criteria specified in the Receiver Configuration register [RCR0; addr 040]. If the line rate is E1 [T1/E1N; addr 001], RLOF is the logically OR'ed status of FAS, MFAS, and CAS alignment. These alignments, FRED, MRED and SRED, respectively, are available separately in the Alarm 3 Status register [ALM3; addr 049]. Once RLOF is declared, the LOF[1:0] bits in ALM3 report the reason for E1 loss of frame alignment. In T1 mode, RLOF is equal to FRED. The RLOF real-time status is available in Alarm 1 Status register [ALM1; addr 047], and the interrupt status is set in the Alarm 1 Interrupt Status register [ISR7; addr 004]. The RLOF interrupt is enabled by setting RLOF in the Alarm 1 Interrupt Enable register [IER7; addr 00C]. An FRED count [FRED[3:0]; addr 05A] is also available in the SEF/LOF/COFA Alarm Counter [AERR; addr 05A]. An interrupt in Counter Overflow Interrupt Status [ISR4; addr 007] indicates that the FRED counter overflowed. COFA [1:0] is applicable to T1 modes only. While T1 framing mode is enabled, the RLOF status and RLOF interrupt status are integrated over 2.0 to 2.5 seconds if the RLOF_INTEG bit is set in the Receive Alarm Signal Configuration register [RALM; addr 045]. The FRED count is unaffected by RLOF_INTEG. 2.4.5.2 Loss of Signal If the line rate is T1, the criteria for Receive Loss of Signal (RLOS) is 100 contiguous 0s (consistent with the standard requirement of 175 ±75 zeros). If the line rate is E1, the criteria for RLOS is 32 contiguous 0s. RLOS is cleared upon detecting an average pulse density of at least 12.5% (occurring during a period of 114 bits starting with the receipt of a pulse, and where no occurrences of 100/32 contiguous 0s are detected). The RLOS real-time status is available in ALM1, and the interrupt is available in ISR7. The XMTR can be configured to automatically generate an Alarm Indication Signal (AIS) in the transmit direction when RLOS is declared (see AUTO_AIS [TALM; addr 075]. 2-18 Conexant N8370DSE Bt8370/8375/8376 2.0 Circuit Description 2.4 Receiver Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface 2.4.5.3 Analog Loss of Signal Receive Analog Loss of Signal (RALOS) is declared in analog receive mode, [RDIGI = 0; addr 020], when RTIP/RRING input signal amplitude is less than the programmed (VGA_MAX) threshold. In the digital receive mode, RDIGI = 1, RALOS is declared when the Receive Clock Input (RCKI) remains low for 125 µs. RALOS real-time status is available in ALM1; RALOS interrupt is available in ISR7. 2.4.5.4 Alarm Indication Signal If the line rate is T1 [T1/E1N; addr 001], the criteria for Receive Alarm Indication Signal (RAIS) is the reception of 4 or fewer 0s in a period of 3 ms (4632 bits), and the assertion of RLOF. If the line rate is E1, RAIS is set when 2 consecutive double frames each contain 2 or fewer 0s out of 512 bits and FAS alignment is lost [FRED; addr 049]. RAIS real-time status is available in ALM1; RAIS interrupt is available in ISR7. 2.4.5.5 Yellow Alarm The criteria for Yellow Alarm (YEL) is described in Table 3-13, Receive Yellow Alarm Set/Clear Criteria. YEL real-time status is available in ALM1; YEL interrupt is available in ISR7. 2.4.5.6 Multiframe YEL The criteria for Multiframe Yellow Alarm is described in Table 3-13, Receive Yellow Alarm Set/Clear Criteria. MYEL real-time status is available in ALM1; MYEL interrupt is available in ISR7. 2.4.5.7 Severely Errored Frame A SEF is reported when the receive signal does not meet the requirements of ANSI T1.231. SEF real-time status is available in ALM3. A 2-bit counter is also available [SEF; addr 05A]. An interrupt is available in ISR4 to indicate that the SEF counter overflowed. 2.4.5.8 Change of Frame Alignment 2.4.5.9 Receive Multiframe AIS N8370DSE Each COFA increments a 2-bit counter [COFA; addr 05A]. An interrupt is available in ISR4 to indicate that the COFA counter overflowed. Receive Multiframe AIS (RMAIS) is reported when the receive TS16 signal contains 3 or fewer 0s out of 128 bits in each multiframe over 2 consecutive multiframes according to the requirements of ITU–T Recommendation G.775. RMAIS is checked only in E1 CAS mode. RMAIS real-time status is available in ALM3 [addr 049]. Conexant 2-19 Bt8370/8375/8376 2.0 Circuit Description 2.4 Receiver Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface 2.4.6 Test Pattern Receiver The test pattern receiver circuitry can sync on framed or unframed PRBS patterns and count bit errors. This feature is particularly useful for system diagnostics, production testing, and test equipment applications. The PRBS patterns available include 2E11-1, 2E15-1, 2E20-1, and 2E23-1. Each pattern can optionally include Zero Code Suppression (ZCS). The Receive Test Pattern Configuration register [RPATT; addr 041] controls the test pattern receiver circuit. BSTART control bit (in RPATT) must be active to enable the test pattern receiver and to begin counting bit errors. RPATT controls the PRBS pattern, ZCS setting (ZLIMIT), and T1/E1 framing (FRAMED). RPATT selects which PRBS pattern the receiver should hunt for pattern sync. ZLIMIT selects the maximum number of consecutive zeros the pattern is allowed to contain. FRAMED mode informs the PRBS pattern receiver not to search for the pattern in the frame bit in T1 mode or search for the pattern in time slot 0 (and time slot 16 if CAS framing is selected) in E1 mode. CAS framing is selected by setting RFRAME[3] to 1 in the Primary Control register [CR0; addr 001]. If FRAMED is disabled, the PRBS pattern receiver searches all time slots for the test pattern. The RESEED bit in RPATT informs the receive PRBS sync circuit to begin a PRBS pattern search. Once the search begins, any additional writes to RESEED restarts the pattern sync search at a different point in the pattern. The time to sync depends on the pattern and number of bit errors in the pattern. Pattern sync is reported (when found) in PSYNC status of the Pattern Interrupt Status register [ISR0; addr 00B]. After pattern sync is found, the PRBS Pattern Error counter [BERR; addr 058 and 059] begins counting bit errors detected on the incoming pattern, provided that BSTART remains active. Error counting stops if the BSTART bit is cleared. BERR counter is reset to 0 after every read, or latched on every ONESEC interrupt as selected by LATCH_CNT [addr 046]. An interrupt is available to indicate the BERR counter overflowed in ISR4. 2-20 Conexant N8370DSE Bt8370/8375/8376 2.0 Circuit Description 2.4 Receiver Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface 2.4.7 Receive Framing Two framers are in the receive data stream: an offline framer and an online frame status monitor. The offline framer recovers receive frame alignment; the online framer monitors frame alignment patterns and recovers multiframe alignment in E1 modes. Frame and multiframe synchronization criteria used by the framers and monitoring criteria of the online framer are selected in RFRAME[3:0] of the Primary Control register [CR0; addr 001]. Receive frame synchronization is initiated by the online framer’s activation of the Receive Loss of Frame (RLOF) status bit in the Alarm 1 Status register [ALM1; addr 047]. The RLOF criteria is set in the RLOFA, RLOFB, RLOFC, and RLOFD bits of the Receiver Configuration register [RCR01; addr 040]. The online framer supports the following LOF criteria for T1: 2 out of 4, 2 out of 5, and 2 out of 6. For E1, the online framer supports 3 out of 3, with or without 915 out of 1000 CRC errors. Once RLOF is asserted, the offline framer automatically starts searching the receive data stream for a new frame alignment, provided that receive framing is enabled [RABORT; addr 040]. If receive framing is disabled, the offline framer does not automatically search for the frame alignment, but waits for a reframe command [RFORCE; addr 040] to start a frame alignment search. If RLOF integration is enabled [RLOF_INTEG; addr 045] the RLOF status [ALM1; addr 047] and RLOF interrupt status [ISR7; addr 004] is integrated for 2.0 to 2.5 seconds. N8370DSE Conexant 2-21 Bt8370/8375/8376 2.0 Circuit Description 2.4 Receiver Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface The online framer continuously monitors for RLOF condition [ALM1; addr 047] and searches for E1 multiframe alignment after basic frame alignment is recovered by the offline framer. Receive multiframe alignment is declared when multiframe alignment criteria are met, as shown in Table 2-2 and Table 2-3. The receive online framer reports multiframe errors, frame errors, and CRC errors in the Error Interrupt Status [ISR5; addr 006]. Table 2-2. Receive Framer Modes 2-22 T1/E1N RFRAME[3:0] 0 000X FAS Only 0 001X FAS Only + BSLIP 0 010X FAS + CRC 0 011X FAS + CRC + BSLIP 0 100X FAS + CAS 0 101X FAS + CAS + BSLIP 0 110X FAS + CRC + CAS 0 111X FAS + CRC + CAS + BSLIP 1 0000 FT Only 1 0001 ESF + No CRC (FPS only) 1 0100 SF 1 0101 SF + JYEL 1 0110 SF + T1DM 1 1000 SLC + FSLOF 1 1001 SLC 1 1100 ESF + Mimic CRC 1 1101 ESF + Force CRC Conexant Receive Framer Mode N8370DSE Bt8370/8375/8376 2.0 Circuit Description 2.4 Receiver Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface Table 2-3. Criteria for Loss/Recovery of Receive Framer Alignment (1 of 2) Mode FAS Description Basic Frame Alignment (BFA) is recovered when the following search criteria are satisfied: • FAS pattern (0011011) is found in frame N. • Frame N+1 contains bit 2 equal to 1. • Frame N+2 also contains FAS pattern (0011011). During FAS-only modes, BFA is recovered when the following search criteria are satisfied: • FAS pattern (0011011) is found in frame N. • No mimics of the FAS pattern are present in frame N+1. • FAS pattern (0011011) is found in frame N+2. NOTE(S): If FAS pattern is not found in frame N+2, or if FAS mimic is found in frame N+1, the search restarts in frame N+2. Loss of FAS frame alignment (FRED) is declared when 1 of the following criteria is met: • Three consecutive FAS pattern errors are detected when the FAS pattern consists of a 7-bit (x0011011) pattern in FAS frames, and if FS_NFAS is also active [addr 045], the FAS pattern includes bit 2 of NFAS frames. • Loss of MFAS (MRED) is due to 915 or more CRC errors out of 1000. • Failure to locate two valid MFAS patterns within 8 ms after BFA. NOTE(S): In all cases, FRED causes next search for FAS alignment to begin 1 bit after the current FAS location. BSLIP FAS Bit Slip Enable. Applicable only for Dutch PTT national applications. If BSLIP is enabled, the online framer is allowed to change RX timebase by ±1 bit when a 1-bit FAS pattern slip is detected. BSLIP does not affect the offline framer's search criteria. MFAS CRC4 Multiframe Alignment is recovered when the following search criteria are satisfied: • BFA is recovered, identifying FAS and NFAS frames. • Within 8 ms after BFA, bit 1 of NFAS frames contains two MFAS patterns (001011xx). The second MFAS must be aligned with respect to first MFAS, but the second MFAS pattern is not necessarily received in consecutive frames. • Within 8 ms after BFA, bit 1 of NFAS frames contains the second MFAS pattern (001011xx), aligned to first MFAS. Loss of MFAS alignment (MRED) declared when 1 of the following criteria is met: • 915 or more CRC4 errors out of 1000 (submultiframe) blocks. • Loss of FAS (FRED). NOTE(S): If Disable 915 CRC Reframe is set [RLOFD; addr 040], then MRED is activated only by FRED. CAS CAS Multiframe Alignment is recovered when the following search criteria are satisfied: • BFA is recovered, identifying TS0 through TS31. • MAS (0000xxxx) multiframe alignment signal pattern is found in the first 4 bits of TS16, and 8 bits of TS16 in preceding frame contains non-0 value. Loss of CAS alignment (SRED) is declared when 1 of the following criteria is met: • Two consecutive MAS pattern errors are detected. • TS16 contains all 0s in 2 multiframes (32 consecutive frames). • Loss of FAS (FRED). FT Only Terminal frame alignment is recovered when the following occurs: The first valid Ft pattern (1010) is found in 12 alternate F-bit locations (3 ms), where F-bits are separated by 193 bits. During Ft-only mode, loss of frame alignment (FRED) is declared when the number of Ft bit errors detected meets selected loss of frame criteria [RLOFA–RLOFC; addr 040]. N8370DSE Conexant 2-23 Bt8370/8375/8376 2.0 Circuit Description 2.4 Receiver Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface Table 2-3. Criteria for Loss/Recovery of Receive Framer Alignment (2 of 2) Mode SF Description Superframe alignment is recovered when terminal frame alignment is recovered, identifying Ft bits. Depends on SF submode: if JYEL, only Ft bits are used; Fs bits are ignored. If no JYEL, SF pattern (001110) found in Fs bits. During any SF mode, loss of frame alignment (FRED) is declared when the number of frame errors detected, either Ft or Fs bit errors, meets selected loss of frame criteria [RLOFA–RLOFC; addr 040]. FS_NFAS [addr 045] determines whether Fs bits are included in error count. SLC Superframe alignment is recovered when • Terminal frame alignment is recovered, identifying Ft bits. • SLC pattern (refer to Table A-3, SLC-96 Fs Bit Contents) is found in 16 of 36 Fs bits, according to Bellcore TR-TSY-000008. During SLC modes without FSLOF, loss of frame alignment (FRED) is declared when the number of Ft bit errors detected meets selected reframe criteria [RLOFA–RLOFC; addr 040]. FSLOF FSLOF instructs the online framer to monitor 16 of 36 Fs bits (SLC multiframe pattern) for loss of frame alignment criteria. FS_NFAS [addr 045] must also be set to include Fs bits in loss of frame. FSLOF does not affect the offline framer's search criteria. ESF Extended Superframe alignment is recovered when A valid FPS candidate is located (001011). Candidate bits are each separated by 772 digits and are received without pattern errors. If there is only 1 valid FPS candidate and the mode is 1 of the following: No CRC mode—align to FPS, regardless of CRC6 comparison. Mimic CRC mode—align to FPS, regardless of CRC6 comparison. Force CRC mode—align to FPS, only if CRC6 is correct. If there are two or more valid FPS candidates and the mode is 1 of the following: No CRC mode—do not align (INVALID status). Mimic CRC mode—align to first FPS with correct CRC6. Force CRC mode—align to first FPS with correct CRC6. During any ESF mode, loss of frame alignment (FRED) is declared when: Number of FPS pattern errors detected meets selected loss of frame criteria [RLOFA–RLOFC; addr 040]. T1DM During T1DM mode, frame alignment is recovered in two steps: 1. A 6-bit T1DM pattern (10111xx0) is found. 2. A valid F-bit pattern (Ft, Fs, or FPS) is found in the first six consecutive frames of the 12-frame cycle aligned to the T1DM pattern. During T1DM mode, loss of frame alignment (FRED) is declared when the number of frame errors detected, either Ft, Fs, or T1DM errors, meets selected loss of frame criteria [RLOFA–RLOFC; addr 040]. Fs_NFAS; addr 046] does not affect T1DM mode. NOTE(S): To meet Bellcore TA-TSY-000278, the processor must select SF + T1DM framer mode, RLOFC (2 of 6) reframe criteria, and FS_NFAS inactive. 2-24 Conexant N8370DSE Bt8370/8375/8376 2.0 Circuit Description 2.4 Receiver Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface The offline framer is shared between the RCVR and XMTR and can search in only one direction at any time. Consequently, the processor arbitrates which direction is searched by enabling the reframe request (RLOF and TLOF) for that direction. The offline framer waits until the current search is complete (see [FSTAT; addr 017]) before checking for pending LOF reframe requests. If both online framers have pending reframe requests, the offline framer aligns to the direction opposite from that which was most recently searched. For example, if TLOF is pending at the conclusion of a receive search which timed out without finding alignment, the offline framer switches to search in the transmit direction. The TLOF switchover is prevented in the preceding example if the processor asserts TABORT to mask the transmit reframe request. TABORT does not affect TLOF status reporting. For applications that frame in only 1 direction, the opposite direction should be masked. If, at the conclusion of a receive search, TLOF status is asserted but masked by TABORT, the offline framer continues to search in the receive direction. For applications that frame in both directions, the processor can allow the offline framer to automatically arbitrate among pending reframe requests, or can elect to manually control reframe precedence. An example of manual control follows: 1 2 3 4 5 Initialize RABORT = 1 and TABORT = 1 Enable RLOF and TLOF interrupts Read clear pending ISR interrupts Release RABORT = 0 Call LOF Service Routine if either RLOF or TLOF interrupt; { (check current LOF status [ALM1, 2; addr 047, 048] If RLOF recovered and TLOF lost —Assert RABORT = 1 —Release TABORT = 0 If RLOF lost or TLOF recovered —Assert TABORT = 1 —Release RABORT = 0 } The status of the offline framer can be monitored for diagnostic purposes using the Offline Framer Status register [FSTAT; addr 017]. The register reports the following: • • • • • NOTE: N8370DSE whether the offline framer is looking at the receive or transmit data streams (RX/TXN) whether the framer is actively searching for a frame alignment (ACTIVE) whether the framer found multiple framing candidates (TIMEOUT) whether the framer found frame sync (FOUND) whether the framer found no frame alignment candidates (INVALID) These status bits are updated in real time and might be active for only very short (1-bit) periods of time. Conexant 2-25 Bt8370/8375/8376 2.0 Circuit Description 2.4 Receiver Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface 2.4.8 External Receive Data Link The External Data Link (DL3) provides signal access to any bit(s) in any time slot of all frames, odd frames, or even frames, including T1 framing bits. Pin access to the DL3 receiver is provided through RDLCKO and RDLO. These two pins serve as the DL3 clock output (RDLCKO) and data output (RDLO). The data link mode of the pins is selected using the RDL_IO bit in the Programmable Input/Output register [PIO; addr 018]. Control of DL3 is provided in two registers: External Data Link Channel [DL3_TS; add 015] and External Data Link Bit [DL3_BIT; addr 016]. RDL3 is set up by selecting the bit(s) (DL3_BIT) and time slot [TS[4:0]; addr 015] to be monitored, and then enabling the data link [DL3EN; addr 015], which starts the RDLCKO and TDLCKO gapped clock outputs that mark the selected bits, as shown in Figure 2-12. Figure 2-12. Receive External Data Link Waveforms RDLO (T1: ESF) Frame 2 Frame 1 F 1 2 23 24 F 1 2 Frame 3 23 24 F 1 2 Frame 4 23 24 F 1 2 Frame 5 23 24 F 1 2 23 24 F 1 2 RCKO RDLO TS24 F TS1 TS2 RDLCKO NOTE(S): This waveform represents time slot 1 extraction. Any combination of bits can be selected. 2.4.9 Sa-Byte Receive Buffers The Sa-Byte buffers give read access to the odd frame Sa bits in E1 mode. Five receive Sa-Byte buffers [RSA4 to RSA8; addr 05B to 05F] are available. As a group, the buffers are updated every multiframe from Sa-bits received in TS0. This gives the processor up to 2 ms after the receive multiframe interrupt [RMF; addr 008] occurs to read any Sa-Byte buffer before the buffer content changes. 2.4.10 Receive Data Link The RCVR contains two independent data link controllers (DL1 and DL2) and a Bit-Oriented Protocol (BOP) transceiver. DL1 and DL2 can be programmed to send and receive HDLC formatted messages in the Message-Oriented Protocol (MOP) mode. Alternatively, unformatted serial data can be sent and received over any combination of bits within a selected time slot or F-bit channel. The BOP transceiver can preemptively receive and transmit BOP messages, such as ESF Yellow Alarm. 2-26 Conexant N8370DSE Bt8370/8375/8376 2.0 Circuit Description 2.4 Receiver Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface 2.4.10.1 Data Link Controllers The Bt8370 and Bt8375 provide two internal data link controllers, and the Bt8376 provides a single controller (DL1). DL1 and DL2 control two serial data channels operating at multiples of 4 kbps—up to the full 64 kbps time slot rate—by selecting a combination of bits from odd, even, or all frames. Both DL1 and DL2 support the following: ESF Facilities Data Link (FDL), SLC-96 Data Link, Sa Data Link, Common Channel Signaling (CCS), Signaling System #7 (SS7), ISDN LAPD channels, Digital Multiplexed Interface (DMI) Signaling in TS24, ETSI V.5.1 and V.5.2 control channels. DL1 and DL2 each contain a 64-byte receive buffer that functions as either programmable length circular buffers or full-length data FIFOs. Both data link controllers are configured identically, except for their offset in the register map. The DL1 address range is 0A4 to 0AE, and the DL2 address range is 0AF to 0B9. From this point on, DL1 is used to describe the operation of both data link controllers. DL1 is enabled using the DL1 Control register [DL1_CTL; addr 0A6]. DL1 does not function until it is enabled. DL1_CTL also controls the format of the data. The following data formats [DL1[1:0]; addr 0A6] are supported on the data link: Frame Check Sequence (FCS), non-FCS, Pack8, or Pack6. FCS and non-FCS are HDLC formatted messages. Pack8 and Pack6 are unformatted messages with 8 bits per FIFO access, or 6 bits per FIFO access, respectively (see Table 2-4). Table 2-4. Commonly Used Data Link Settings Data Link Frame Time Slot Time Slot Bits Mode Odd 0 (F-bits) Don’t Care FCS All 24 00000010 FCS Even 0 (F-bits) Don’t Care Pack6 ISDN LAPD All N 11111111 FCS Sa4 Odd 1 00001000 FCS ESF FDL T1DM R Bit SLC-96 NOTE(S): N represents any T1/E1 time slot. N8370DSE Conexant 2-27 Bt8370/8375/8376 2.0 Circuit Description 2.4 Receiver Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface The time slot and bit selection are performed through the DL1 Time Slot Enable register [DL1_TS; addr 0A4] and the DL1 Bit Enable register [DL1_BIT; addr 0A5]. The DL1 Time Slot Enable register selects the frames and time slot to extract the data link. The frame select tells the receiver to extract the time slot in all frames, odd frames, even frames. The time slot enable is a value between 0 and 31 that selects which time slot to extract. The DL1 Bit Enable register selects which bits are extracted in the selected time slot. Refer to Table 2-4 for the common frame, time slot, time slot bits, and modes used. The Receive Data Link FIFO #1 [RDL1; addr 0A8] is 64 bytes long. The Receive FIFO is formatted differently than the transmit FIFO. The Receive FIFO contains not only received messages, but also a status byte preceding each message that specifies the size of the received message and the status of that message. The message status reports if the message was aborted, received with a correct/incorrect FCS, or continued. A continued message means the byte count represents a partial message. Once all message bytes are read, the FIFO contains another status byte. Message bytes can be differentiated from status bytes in the FIFO by reading the RSTAT1 bit in the RDL #1 Status register [RDL1_STAT; addr 0A9]. RSTAT1 reports whether the next byte read from the FIFO is a status byte or some number of message bytes. The receive data link controller has a versatile microprocessor interface that can be tuned to the system’s CPU bandwidth. For systems with 1 CPU dedicated to 1 Bt8370, the data link status can be polled. For systems where a single CPU controls multiple Bt8370s, the data link can be interrupt-driven. See Figures 2-13 and 2-14 for a high-level description of polling and interrupt driven Receive Data Link Controller software. 2-28 Conexant N8370DSE Bt8370/8375/8376 2.0 Circuit Description 2.4 Receiver Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface Figure 2-13. Polled Receive Data Link Processing Receive Message Read Data Link Status Wait N Milliseconds Wait N Milliseconds If FIFO EMPTY Yes No If Message Status on FIFO Read Message Byte from FIFO and Discard No (Purge FIFO) Yes Read Message Status from FIFO Read X Message Bytes from FIFO Yes If Message Status is Continue No If Message Status is Good No Yes Return Error Receiving Message Return NOTE(S): Message status contains number of message bytes (X) in FIFO, where (X) equals 0 during idle channel or errored message. N8370DSE Conexant 2-29 Bt8370/8375/8376 2.0 Circuit Description 2.4 Receiver Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface Figure 2-14. Interrupt Driven Receive Data Link Processing Interrupt Service Routine Interrupt Occurred Read Interrupt Status Complete MSG or Near Full Interrupt No Yes Read Data Link Status Process Other Interrupt Read Message Byte from FIFO and Discard No (Purge FIFO) Return If Message Status on FIFO Yes Read Message Status from FIFO Read X Message Bytes from FIFO If Message Status is Good or Continue No Yes Return Error Receiving Message Return NOTE(S): Message status contains number of message bytes (X) in FIFO where (X) equals 0 during idle channel or errored message. 2-30 Conexant N8370DSE Bt8370/8375/8376 2.0 Circuit Description 2.4 Receiver Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface Using the receive FIFO, an entire block of data can be received with very little microprocessor interrupt overhead. Block transfers from the FIFO can be controlled by the Near Full Threshold in the FIFO Fill Control register [RDL1_FFC; addr 0A7]. The Near Full Threshold is a user-programmable value between 0 and 63. This value represents the maximum number of bytes that can be placed into the receive FIFO without the near full being declared. Once the threshold is set, the Near Full Status (RNEAR1) in RDL #1 Status [RDL1_STAT; addr 0A9] is asserted when the Near Full Threshold is reached. An interrupt, RNEAR, in Data Link 1 Interrupt Status [ISR2; addr 009], is also available to mark this event. The Bt8370/8375/8376 uses a hierarchical interrupt structure, with 1 top-level interrupt cause register directing software to the lower levels (see Interrupt Request register; addr 003). Of all the interrupt sources, the two most significant bandwidth requirements are signaling and data link interrupts. Each data link controller has a top-level interrupt status register that reports data link operations (see Data Link 1 and 2 Interrupt Status registers [ISR2, ISR1; addr 009 and 00A). The processor uses a two-step interrupt scheme for the data link: 1. It reads the Interrupt Request register. 2. It uses that register value to read the corresponding Data Link Interrupt Status register. 2.4.10.2 RBOP Receiver The Receive Bit-Oriented Protocol (RBOP) receiver receives BOP messages, including the ESF Yellow Alarm, which consists of repeated 16-bit patterns with an embedded 6-bit codeword as shown in this example: 0xxxxxx0 11111111 (received right to left) [543210] RBOP = 6-bit codeword The BOP message channel is configured to operate over the same channel selected by Data Link #1 [DL1_TS; addr 0A4]. It must be configured to operate over the FDL channel so RBOP can detect priority, command, and response codeword messages according to ANSI T1.403, Section 9.4.1. RBOP is enabled using the RBOP_START bit in Bit Oriented Protocol Transceiver register [BOP; address 0A0]. BOP codewords are received in the Receive BOP Codeword register [RBOP; addr 0A2], which contains the 6-bit codeword, a valid flag (RBOP_VALID), and a lost flag (RBOP_LOST). The valid flag is set each time a new codeword is put in RBOP, and is cleared on reading the codeword. The lost flag indicates a new codeword overwrote a valid codeword before the processor read it. The BOP receiver can be configured to update RBOP using a message length filter and integration filter. The receive BOP message length filter [RBOP_LEN; addr 0A40] sets the number of successive identical messages required before RBOP is updated. RBOP_LEN can be set to 1, 10, and 25 messages. When enabled, the RBOP integration filter [RBOP_INTEG; add 0A0] requires receipt of two identical consecutive 16-bit patterns, without gaps or errors between patterns, to validate the first codeword. RBOP integration is needed to meet the codeword detection criteria while receiving 1 1/1000 bit error ratio. The real-time status of the codeword reception can be monitored using the RBOP_ACTIVE bit in the BOP Status register [BOP_STAT; addr 0A3]. Each time a message is put in RBOP register, an interrupt is generated, and the RBOP bit is set in the Data Link 2 Interrupt Status register [ISR1; addr 00A]. N8370DSE Conexant 2-31 Bt8370/8375/8376 2.0 Circuit Description 2.5 Receive System Bus Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface 2.5 Receive System Bus The Receive System Bus (RSB) provides a high-speed, serial interface between the RCVR and the system bus. The system bus is compatible with the Mitel ST-Bus, the Siemens PEB Bus, and the AT&T CHI Bus, and directly connects to other CONEXANT serial TDM bus devices with no need for any external circuitry. The RSB has the following seven pins: Receive System Bus Clock (RSBCKI), Receive PCM Data (RPCMO), Receive Signaling Data (RSIGO), Receive Frame Sync (RFSYNC), Receive Multiframe Sync (RMSYNC), Receive Time Slot Indicator (RINDO), and Signaling Freeze (SIGFRZ). Figure 2-15 illustrates the relationship between these signals. (Pin definitions are provided in Table 1-1, Hardware Signal Definitions.) RSB data outputs can be configured to output on the rising or falling edge of RSBCKI. See the Receive System Bus Configuration register [RSB_CR; addr 0D1]. Figure 2-15. RSB Waveforms RSBCKI Frame 48 TS 31 E1 RPCMO Frame 1 TS 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 A B C D A B C D A B 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 C D A B C D A B RINDO RSIGO Frame 48 TS 24 RPCMO T1 3 Frame 1 TS 1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 F 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 A B C D A B C D X A B C D A B C D A RINDO RSIGO SIGFRZ RFSYNC RMSYNC NOTE(S): The Receive Multiframe Sync (RMSYNC) occurs every 6 ms for 48 T1 or 48 E1 frames. 2-32 Conexant N8370DSE Bt8370/8375/8376 2.0 Circuit Description 2.5 Receive System Bus Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface The RSB supports five system bus rates (MHz): 1.536, 1.544, 2.048, 4.096, and 8.192. The T1 rate without a framing bit is 1.536 MHz, consisting of 24 time slots. The T1 rate with a framing bit 1.544 MHz. The E1 rate is 2.048 MHz, consisting of 32 time slots. Twice the E1 rate is 4.096 MHz, consisting of 64 time slots. Four times the E1 rate is 8.192 MHz, consisting of 128 time slots. The 4.096 and 8.192 MHz bus modes contain multiple bus members (A, B, C, D) which allow multiple T1/E1 signals to share the same system bus. This is done by interleaving the time slots to a maximum of four Bt8370s without external circuitry (see Figures 2-15 and 2-17). The system bus rate is independent of the line rate and must be selected using the System Bus Interface Configuration register [SBI_CR; addr 0D0]. Figure 2-16. RSB 4.096 MHz Bus Mode Time Slot Interleaving RSBCKI RPCMO TS31A TS31B TS0A TS0B RSIGO SIG31A SIG31B SIG0A SIG0B RFSYNC NOTE(S): A and B time slot data comes from different Bt8370s. Output data on rising edge clock, RCPM_NEG = 0 [addr 0D1]. Output sync on rising edge clock, RSYN_NEG = 0 [addr 0D1]. RSBCKI operates at 1 times the data rate. RSB.OFFSET equals 0. Figure 2-17. RSB 8.192 MHz Bus Mode Time Slot Interleaving RSBCKI RPCMO TS31A TS31B TS31C TS31D TS0A TS0B TS0C TS0D RSIGO SIG31A SIG31B SIG31C SIG31D SIG0A SIG0B SIG0C SIG0D RFSYNC NOTE(S): A, B, C, and D data comes from different Bt8370s. Output data on rising edge clock, RCPM_NEG = 0 [addr 0D1]. Output sync on rising edge clock, RSYN_NEG = 0 [addr 0D1]. RSBCKI operates at 1 times the data rate. RSB.OFFSET equals 0. N8370DSE Conexant 2-33 Bt8370/8375/8376 2.0 Circuit Description 2.5 Receive System Bus Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface The RSB maps line rate time slots to system bus time slots. The 24- (DS1) or 32- (CEPT) line rate time slots can be mapped to 24, 32, 64, or 128 system bus time slots as listed in Table 2-5. The system bus rate must be greater than or equal to the line rate, except for 1.536 MHz bus mode. Table 2-5. RSB Interface Time Slot Mapping Line Rate (MHz) Source Channels System Bus Rate (MHz) Destination Time Slots 1.544 24 1.536 24 24 1.544 24 24 2.048 32 24 4.096 64 24 8.192 128 32 2.048 32 32 4.096 64 32 8.192 128 2.048 The RSB, illustrated in Figure 2-18, consists of a timebase, slip buffer, signaling buffer, and signaling stack. Figure 2-18. RSB Diagram RSIG Buffer + + RNRZ AIS RSIG STACK RSIG Local RSIGO RSLIP Buffer RPCMO SIGFRZ From Receiver RSB Timebase RPHASE Remote Channel Loopback Local Channel Loopback RINDO RFSYNC RMSYNC RSBCKI TSBCKI CLADI CLADO 2-34 Conexant N8370DSE Bt8370/8375/8376 2.0 Circuit Description 2.5 Receive System Bus Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface 2.5.1 Timebase The RSB timebase synchronizes RFSYNC, RMSYNC, and RINDO with the Receive System Bus Clock (RSBCKI). The RSBCKI can be slaved to 4 clock sources: Receive System Bus Clock Input (RSBCKI), Transmit System Bus Clock Input (TSBCKI), Clock Rate Adapter Input (CLADI), or Clock Rate Adapter Output (CLADO). The RSB clock selection is made through the Clock Input Mux register [CMUX; addr 01A]. The system bus clock can also be configured to run at twice the data rate by setting the X2CLK bit in the System Bus Interface Configuration register [SBI_CR; addr 0D0]. RFSYNC and RMSYNC can be individually configured as inputs or outputs [PIO; addr 018]. RFSYNC and RMSYNC must be configured as inputs when the RSB timebase is slaved to the system bus [SBI_OE; addr 0D0]. RFSYNC and RMSYNC must be configured as outputs when the RSB timebase is master of the system bus. RFSYNC and RMSYNC can also be configured as rising or falling edge outputs [RSB_CR; addr 0D1]. In addition to having RFSYNC and RMSYNC active on the frame boundary, a programmable offset is available to select the time slot and bit offset in the frame. See the Receive System Bus Sync Time Slot Offset [RSYNC_TS; addr 0D3] and the Receive System Bus Sync Bit Offset [RSYNC_BIT; addr 0D2]. N8370DSE Conexant 2-35 Bt8370/8375/8376 2.0 Circuit Description 2.5 Receive System Bus Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface 2.5.2 Slip Buffer The 64-byte Receive PCM Slip Buffer [RSLIP; addr 1C0 to 1FF] resynchronizes the Receiver Clock (RXCLK) and data (RNRZ) to the Receive System Bus Clock (RSBCK) and data (RPCMO). RSLIP acts like an elastic store by clocking RNRZ data in with RXCLK and clocking PCM data out on RPCMO with RSBCK. If the system bus rate is greater than the line rate (i.e., T1 line rate and E1 system bus rate), there is a mismatched number of time slots. The mapping of line rate time slots to system bus time slots is done by time slot assignments with the ASSIGN bit in the System Bus Per-Channel Control register [SBC0 to SBC31; addr 0E0 to 0FF]. ASSIGN selects which system bus time slots are used to transport line rate time slots. Time slot mapping is done by mapping the first line rate time slot to the first assigned system bus time slot. For example, T1 to E1 mapping might make every fourth time slot unassigned (i.e., 3, 7, 11, 15, 19, 23, 27, 31); see Figure 2-19. This distribution of unassigned time slots averages out the idle time slots and optimizes the slip buffer use. NOTE: All line rate time slots must be assigned to a system bus time slot. Figure 2-19. T1 Line to E1 System Bus Time Slot Mapping Frame A RNRZ FA RPCMO 1 2 3 4 0 1 2 3 Frame B 5 6 4 5 22 23 24 FB 1 u 6 u 7 2 3 4 u u 27 28 29 30 31 0 1 2 NOTE(S): 1. u = unassigned time slots 2. FA = T1 frame bit for frame A RSLIP has four modes of operation: Two-Frame Normal, 64-bit Elastic, Two-Frame Short, and Bypass. RSLIP mode is set in the Receive System Bus Configuration register [RSB_CR; addr 0D1]. RSLIP is organized as a 2-frame buffer. This allows MPU access to frame data, regardless of the RSLIP mode selected. Each byte offset into the frame buffer is a different time slot: offset 0 in RSLIP is always time slot 0 (TS0), offset 1 is always TS1, and so on. The slip buffer has processor read/write access. 2-36 Conexant N8370DSE Bt8370/8375/8376 2.0 Circuit Description 2.5 Receive System Bus Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface In Normal mode, the slip buffer total depth is two 193-bit frames (T1) or two 256-bit frames (E1). Data is written to the slip buffer using RXCLK and read from the slip buffer using RSBCK. If a slight rate difference between the clocks occurs, the slip buffer changes from its initial condition—approximately half full—by either adding or removing frames. If RXCLK writes to the slip buffer faster than RSBCK reads the data, the buffer fills up. When the slip buffer in Normal mode is full, an entire frame of data is deleted. Conversely, if RSBCK reads the slip buffer faster than RXCLK writes the data, the buffer becomes empty. When the slip buffer in Normal mode is empty, an entire frame of data is duplicated. When an entire frame is deleted or duplicated it is known as a Frame Slip (FSLIP), which is always 1 full frame of data. The FSLIP status is reported in the Slip Buffer Status register [SSTAT; addr 0D9]. In T1 mode, the F-bit is treated as part of the frame and can slip accordingly. In 64-bit Elastic mode, the slip buffer total depth is 64 bits, and the initial throughput delay is 32 bits, half of the total depth. Similar to Normal mode, Elastic mode allows the system bus to operate at any of the programmable rates, independent of the line rate. The advantage of this mode over the Normal mode is that throughput delay is reduced from 1 frame to an average of 32 bits, and the output multiframe always retains its alignment with respect to the output data. The disadvantage of this mode is handling the full and empty buffer conditions. In Elastic mode, an empty or full buffer condition causes an Uncontrolled Slip (USLIP). Unlike an FSLIP, a USLIP is of unknown size within the range of 1 to 256 bits of data. The USLIP status is reported in SSTAT. The Two-Frame Short mode combines the depth of the Normal mode with the throughput delay of the Elastic mode. The Two-Frame Short mode begins in the Elastic mode with a 32-bit initial throughput delay, and switches to the Normal mode when the buffer becomes empty or full; thereafter the Two-Frame Short and Normal mode perform identically. If the slip buffer is full (two frames) in the Two-Frame Short mode, an FSLIP is reported, after which the slip buffer and Two-Frame mode perform identically. In Bypass mode, data is immediately clocked through RSLIP from the RCVR to RSB, and RCKO internally replaces the system bus clock. 2.5.3 Signaling Buffer The 32-byte Receive Signaling Buffer [RSIG; addr 1A0 to 1BF] stores a single multiframe of signaling data. Each byte offset into RSIG contains signaling data for a different time slot: offset 0 stores TS0 signaling data, offset 1 stores TS1 signaling data and so on. The signaling data is stored in the least significant 4 bits of RSIG. The output signaling data is stored in the most significant 4 bits of RSIG. Similar to RSLIP, RSIG buffer has read/write processor access to read or overwrite signaling information. RMSYNC extracts robbed-bit signaling from RSIG onto RPCMO; RFSYNC extracts ABCD signaling from RSIG onto RSIGO. The RSIG buffer has the following configurable features: • transparent, robbed-bit signaling • signaling freeze • debounce signaling • unicode detection Each feature is available in the Receive Signaling Configuration register [RSIG; addr 0D7]. See the registers section for more details. N8370DSE Conexant 2-37 Bt8370/8375/8376 2.0 Circuit Description 2.5 Receive System Bus Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface 2.5.4 Signaling Stack The Receive Signaling Stack (RSTACK) allows the processor to quickly extract signaling changes without polling every channel. RSTACK is activated on a per-channel basis by setting the Received Signaling Stack (SIG_STK) control bit in the Receive Per-Channel Control register [RPC0 to RPC31; addr 180 to 19F]. The signaling stack stores the channel and the A, B, C, and D signaling bits that changed in the last multiframe. The stack has the capacity to store signaling changes for all 24 (T1) or 30 (E1) PCM channels. At the end of any multiframe where 1 or more ABCD signaling values have changed, an interrupt occurs with RSIG set in the Timer Interrupt Status register [ISR3; addr 008]. The processor then reads the Receive Signaling Stack [STACK; addr 0DA] twice to retrieve the channel number (WORD = 0) and the new ABCD value (WORD = 1), and continues to read from STACK until the MORE bit in STACK is cleared, indicating the RSIG stack is empty. Optionally, the processor can select RSIG interrupt (SET_RSIG; addr 0D7) to occur at each multiframe boundary in T1 modes, regardless of signaling change. This mode provides an interrupt aligned to the multiframe to read the RSIG buffer rather than RSTACK. 2.5.5 Embedded Framing Embedded Framing mode bit (EMBED; addr 0D0) instructs the RSB to embed framing bits on RPCMO while in T1 mode. The G.802 Embedded mode supports ITU-T Recommendation G.802, which describes how 24 T1 time slots and 1 framing bit (193 bits) are mapped to 32 E1 time slots (256 bits). This mapping is done by leaving TS0 and TS16 unassigned, by storing the 24 T1 time slots in TS1 to TS15 and TS17 to TS25, and by storing the frame bit in bit 1 of TS26 (see Figure 2-20). TS26 through TS31 are also unassigned. Figure 2-20. G.802 Embedded Framing Frame B Frame A RNRZ FA 1 2 14 15 16 17 RPCMO u 0 1 2 u 14 15 16 17 18 23 24 FB 2 23 24 FC 1 u u 24 25 26 27 FB E1 Framing Time Slot 1 X X X X X u 31 X 0 1 2 2 X E1 Multiframe/Signalling Time Slot NOTE(S): 1. X = unused bits 2. u = unassigned time slot (see ASSIGN bit [addr 0E0 to 0FF]) 3. FB = T1 frame bit for frame B 2-38 Conexant N8370DSE Bt8370/8375/8376 2.0 Circuit Description 2.6 Clock Rate Adapter Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface 2.6 Clock Rate Adapter The full function Clock Rate Adapter is included in all Bt8370 and Bt8375 devices. In the Bt8376, the CLADO output is not implemented. The Clock Rate Adapter (CLAD) illustrated in Figures 2-21 and 2-22 uses an input clock reference at a particular frequency (range 8 kHz to 16,384 kHz) to synthesize an output clock (CLADO and JCLK) at a different frequency (range 1024 kHz to 16,384 kHz). The CLAD also controls the read or write pointers of the elastic store by synthesizing a Jitter-attenuated Line rate Clock (JCLK); thus, it is an integral part of the Jitter Attenuator (JAT). The CLAD input clock jitter tolerance and jitter transfer functions are illustrated in Figures 2-9 and 2-10. These diagrams are illustrated for various programmed loop filter gain values (LFGAIN; addr 090). N8370DSE Conexant 2-39 RXCLK 0 RCKO pin CLADI TSBCKI pin 1 CLADI pin TCKI pin CEN JFREE (RSCALE Factor) CPHASE 1 REFCKI pin (10 MHz) NCO 0 JPHASE 0 Conexant (1) 1 (VSCALE Factor) JDIR JCLK JEN Divider Chain (JAT_CR reg) Line Rate Clock CLADO pin CLADV VSEL 1 Clock Rate Adapter OSEL 0 ACKI pin RCKO TXCLK N8370DSE RSBCKI pin To Transmitter Clock Monitor TCKI[1:0] (CMUX reg) TCKI pin Bt8370/8375/8376 CLADO To TJAT Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface CLAD_OE (POE reg) x (XSEL Factor) 2.0 Circuit Description CLADI[1:0] (CMUX reg) 2.6 Clock Rate Adapter RCKO_OE (POE reg) To RJAT Figure 2-21. Clock Rate Adapter/Jitter Attenuator Block Diagram (Bt8370 and Bt8375 Devices) NOTE(S): 1. JDIR controlled in JAT_CR [addr 002]. 2-40 To Receiver RXCLK 0 RCKO pin TSBCKI pin CLADI 1 CLADI pin TCKI pin CEN JFREE (RSCALE Factor) CPHASE 1 (VSCALE Factor) 1 JPHASE 0 REFCKI pin (10 MHz) NCO 0 (1)JDIR JCLK JEN Divider Chain (JAT_CR reg) Line Rate Clock CLAD_OE (POE reg) x (XSEL Factor) (2) CLADO pin CLADV VSEL 1 Clock Rate Adapter OSEL Bt8370/8375/8376 CLADI[1:0] (CMUX reg) Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface RCKO_OE (POE reg) To RJAT Figure 2-22. Clock Rate Adapter/Jitter Attenuator Block Diagram (Bt8376 Device Only) NOTE(S): Conexant 1. JDIR controlled in JAT_CR [addr 002]. 2. CLADO signal is grounded in the Bt8376 and a logical 0 is driven out on CLADO pin if enabled. N8370DSE To Receiver 0 ACKI pin RSBCKI pin To Transmitter Clock Monitor TCKI[1:0] (CMUX reg) TCKI pin 2-41 2.0 Circuit Description RCKO TXCLK 2.6 Clock Rate Adapter CLADO To TJAT Bt8370/8375/8376 2.0 Circuit Description 2.6 Clock Rate Adapter Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface JCLK and CLADO are locked to the selected timing reference. The reference frequency can operate at T1 or E1 line rates, or at any rate supported by the clock rate adapter. See RSCALE[2:0] [addr 092] to select timing reference frequency. See Table 2-6 for the JCLK/CLADO timing reference. Table 2-6. JCLK/CLADO Timing Reference CEN JEN JFREE JDIR CLADO/JCLK Reference 0 0 1 X REFCKI—Free running 10 MHz clock 0 1 1 0 REFCKI—Free running 10 MHz clock with transmit JAT 0 1 1 1 REFCKI—Free running 10 MHz clock with receive JAT 0 1 0 0 TXCLK—TCKI or ACKI per [AISCLK; addr 068] 0 1 0 1 RXCLK—RPLL or RCKI per [RDIGI; addr 020] 1 0 0 X CLADI—System clock bypass JAT elastic store 1 1 0 0 CLADI—System clock with transmit JAT 1 1 0 1 CLADI—System clock with receive JAT NOTE(S): 1. JCLK always operates at T1 or E1 line rate selected by [T1/E1N; addr 001] CLAD output jitter meets jitter generation requirements of AT&T TR62411, as listed in Table 2-7. Table 2-7. Jitter Generation Requirements Filter Applied Maximum Output Jitter Measured None (Broadband) 0.05 UI peak-peak .015 UI 10 Hz to 40 kHz 0.025 UI peak-peak .015 UI 8 kHz to 40 kHz 0.025UI peak-peak .015 UI 10 Hz to 8 kHz 0.02UI peak-peak .015 UI CLAD modes are selected using the Clock Rate Adapter Configuration register [CLAD_CR; addr 090], the Clock Rate Adapter Frequency Select [CSEL; addr 091], and the Clock Rate Adapter Phase Detector Scale Factor [CPHASE; addr 092]. If the CLAD Phase Detector (CPHASE) is disabled [CEN; addr 090], the CLAD input timing reference is determined by the JEN and JFREE bits (addr 002). If the CLAD Phase Detector is enabled [CEN; addr 090], the CLAD input timing reference is selected using CLADI[1:0] in the Clock Input Mux register [CMUX; addr 01A]. The input timing reference can consist of the Clock Rate Adapter Input Pin (CLADI); the Receive Clock Output (RCKO, prior to the output buffer); the Transmit Clock Input Pin (TCKI); or the Transmit System Bus Clock Input Pin (TSBCKI). (See Figures 2-21 and 2-22 for more details.) 2-42 Conexant N8370DSE Bt8370/8375/8376 2.0 Circuit Description 2.6 Clock Rate Adapter Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface Tables 2-8 and 2-9 list examples of program values for selecting various CLADO and CLADI frequencies. Typically, only 1 selection is needed for a given system configuration. The processor reconfigures the timing reference [CEN; addr 090] as needed to respond to system conditions where the primary reference is unavailable. 2.6.1 Configuring the CLAD Registers Step 1 Choose a CLADO output frequency. Table 2-8 lists all possible CLADO output clock frequencies. For system bus applications, valid CLADO frequencies are 1544 kHz, 1536 kHz, 2048 kHz, 4096 kHz, and 8192 kHz. Step 2 Configure OSEL and XSEL from Table 2-8. OSEL and XSEL together select the CLADO output frequency. In some cases, there are two options for generating the desired output signal. Selecting an option with both T1/E1 and XSEL settings equal to don’t-care (X in the table) allows greater flexibility in subsequent options below, and also results in a fixed CLADO frequency when switching framer operation between T1 and E1 modes. Table 2-8. CLADO Frequencies Selection CLADO (kHz) T1/E1 OSEL XSEL 1024 X 0 X 2048 X 1 X 0 7 0 X 2 X 0 7 1 X 3 X 0 7 2 2560 X 4 X 1536 X 6 X 1544 1 7 0 X 5 X 3088 1 7 1 6176 1 7 2 12352 1 7 3 16384 0 7 3 X 8 X 4096 8192 NOTE(S): X = Don’t care Step 3 N8370DSE If CLADI is the timing reference source (CEN = 1), select the desired CLAD timing reference frequency from Table 2-9. If CEN = 0, the CLAD reference is RXCLK (line rate), TXCLK (line rate), or free run (REFCKI) and Table 2-9 is not applicable. Conexant 2-43 Bt8370/8375/8376 2.0 Circuit Description 2.6 Clock Rate Adapter Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface Step 4 Configure RSCALE, VSCALE, VSEL, and XSEL from Table 2-9 which contains configuration examples. Again, in some cases, two or more configurations are possible for each frequency option. Many other RSCALE and VSCALE values are also applicable. RSCALE is a programmable frequency divider which scales the CLADI clock frequency before it is applied to the CLAD phase detector, CPHASE. Similarly, VSCALE scales the CLAD internal feedback clock, CLADV. These two clocks must have the same frequency at the phase detector’s input for the CLAD loop to properly lock. The rule is (CLADI Reference freq) ÷ (RSCALE factor) = (CLADV freq) ÷ (VSCALE factor). Table 2-9. Common CLADI Reference Frequencies and CLAD Configuration Examples (1 of 2) RSCALE Phase Compare Frequency (kHz) VSCALE CLADV (kHz) T1/E1 VSEL XSEL 8 0 8 7 1024 X 0 X 16 0 16 6 1024 X 0 X 32 0 32 5 1024 X 0 X 64 0 64 4 1024 X 0 X 128 0 128 3 1024 X 0 X 256 0 256 2 1024 X 0 X 512 0 512 1 1024 X 0 X 1024 0 1024 0 1024 X 0 X 2048 0 2048 0 2048 X 1 X 7 16 7 2048 X 1 X 0 2048 0 2048 0 7 0 0 4096 0 4096 X 2 X 7 32 7 4096 X 2 X 1 2048 1 4096 0 7 1 0 8192 0 8192 X 3 X 7 64 7 8192 X 3 X 2 2048 2 8192 0 7 2 0 16384 0 16384 X 8 X 7 128 8 1024 X 0 X 0 16384 0 16384 0 7 3 1536 2 384 2 1536 X 6 X 1544 2 386 2 1544 X 5 X 2 386 2 1544 1 7 0 CLADI Reference (kHz) 4096 8192 16384 2-44 Conexant N8370DSE Bt8370/8375/8376 2.0 Circuit Description 2.6 Clock Rate Adapter Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface Table 2-9. Common CLADI Reference Frequencies and CLAD Configuration Examples (2 of 2) CLADI Reference (kHz) 3088 RSCALE Phase Compare Frequency (kHz) VSCALE CLADV (kHz) T1/E1 VSEL XSEL 2 772 1 1544 X 5 X 2 772 1 1544 1 7 0 2 1544 0 1544 X 5 X 2 1544 0 1544 1 7 0 3 1544 0 1544 X 5 X 3 1544 0 1544 1 7 0 6176 12352 NOTE(S): X = Don’t care N8370DSE Conexant 2-45 2.0 Circuit Description Bt8370/8375/8376 2.7 Transmit System Bus Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface 2.7 Transmit System Bus The Transmit System Bus (TSB) consists of a timebase, slip buffer, signaling buffer, and transmit framer (Figure 2-23). It provides a high-speed serial interface between the XMTR and system bus. The system bus is compatible with the Mitel ST-Bus, the PEB Bus, and the AT&T CHI Bus. TSB directly interfaces to other Conexant devices with no need for external circuitry. Figure 2-23. TSB Interface Block Diagram CLADO Remote Local Channel Channel Loopback Loopback From CLADO Prior to Output Buffer CLADI RSBCKI I/O from Pins TSBCKI From Transmitter TSB Timebase TPHASE TFSYNC TMSYNC TINDO Transmit Framer TXDATA TNRZ TSLIP Buffer TPCMI TSIG Buffer TSIGI TSIG Local The TSB contains the following six pins: Transmit System Bus Clock (TSBCKI), Transmit PCM Data (TPCMI), Transmit Signaling Data (TSIGI), Transmit Frame Sync (TFSYNC), Transmit Multiframe Sync (TMSYNC), and Transmit time slot Indicator (TINDO). See Figure 2-24 for the relationship between these signals. These pins are further defined in Table 1-1, Hardware Signal Definitions. 2-46 Conexant N8370DSE Bt8370/8375/8376 2.0 Circuit Description Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface 2.7 Transmit System Bus Figure 2-24. Transmit System Bus Waveforms TSBCKI Frame 48 TS 31 Frame 1TS 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 TSIGI X X X X A B C D X X X X A B C D X X TPCMI 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 F 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 X X X X A B C D X X X X X A B C D X TPCMO TINDO E1 Frame 48 TS 24 T1 Frame 0 TS 1 TINDO TSIGI TFSYNC TMSYNC The TSB supports five system bus rates (MHz): 1.536, 1.544, 2.048, 4.096, and 8.192. The T1 rate, with 24 time slots and without framing bits, is 1.536 MHz. The T1 rate with framing bits is 1.544 MHz. The E1 rate, with 32 time slots, is 2.048 MHz. The 4.096 MHz rate is twice the E1 rate, with 64 time slots. The 8.192 MHz rate is 4 times the E1 rate, with 128 time slots. The 4.096 and 8.192 MHz bus modes contain multiple bus members (A, B, C, and D), of which 1 bus member is selected by the SBI [3:0] bits in the System Bus Interface Configuration register [SBI_CR; 0D0]. See Figures 2-25 and 2-25. The system bus rate is independent of the line rate and must be selected using the System Bus Interface Configuration register. Figure 2-25. TSB 4.096 MHz Bus Mode Time Slot Interleaving TSBCKI TPCMI TS31A TS31B TS0A TS0B TSIGI SIG31A SIG31B SIG0A SIG0B TFSYNC NOTE(S): A and B time slot data comes from different Bt8370s. TSBCKI can be operated at 1 or 2 times the data rate. Figure 2-26. TSB 8.192 MHz Bus Mode Time Slot Interleaving TSBCKI TPCMI TS31A TS31B TS31C TS31D TS0A TS0B TS0C TS0D TSIGI SIG31A SIG31B SIG31C SIG31D SIG0A SIG0B SIG0C SIG0D TFSYNC NOTE(S): A, B, C, and D time slot data comes from different Bt8370s. TSBCKI can be operated at 1 or 2 times the data rate. N8370DSE Conexant 2-47 2.0 Circuit Description Bt8370/8375/8376 2.7 Transmit System Bus Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface 2.7.1 Timebase The TSB timebase synchronizes TPCMI, TFSYNC, TMSYNC, and TINDO with the Transmit System Bus Clock (TSBCK). The TSBCK can be slaved to five different clock sources: Transmit Clock Input (TCKI), Transmit System Bus Clock Input (TSBCKI), Receive System Bus Clock Input (RSBCKI), Clock Rate Adapter Input (CLADI), or Clock Rate Adapter Output (CLADO). NOTE: The CLADO signal is not available in the Bt8376 device. The TSB clock selection is made through the Clock Input Mux register [CMUX; addr 01A]. TCKI is automatically selected when the transmit slip buffer is bypassed. The system bus clock can also be configured to run at twice the data rate by setting the X2CLK bit in the System Bus Interface Configuration register [SBI_CR; addr 0D0] when TSLIP is not in Bypass mode. TFSYNC and TMSYNC can be individually configured as inputs or outputs [PIO; addr 018]. TFSYNC and TMSYNC should be configured as inputs when the TSB timebase is slaved to the system bus, when the transmit framer is disabled [TABORT; addr 071], or when TSB carries embedded T1 framing. TFSYNC and TMSYNC should be configured as outputs when the TSB timebase is master of the system bus, or when the transmit framer is enabled. TFSYNC and TMSYNC can also be configured as rising or falling edge outputs [TSB_CR; addr 0D4]. In addition to having TFSYNC and TMSYNC active on the frame boundary, a programmable offset is available to select the time slot and bit offset in the frame. See Transmit System Bus Sync time slot Offset [TSYNC_TS; addr 0D6] and Transmit System Bus Sync Bit Offset [TSYNC_BIT; addr 0D5]. 2.7.2 Slip Buffer The 64-byte Transmit PCM Slip Buffer [TSLIP; addr 140 to 17F] resynchronizes the Transmit System Bus Clock (TSBCK) and data (TPCMI) to the Transmit Clock (TXCLK) and data (TNRZ). TSLIP acts like an elastic store by clocking PCM data in on TPCMI with TSBCK, and by clocking TNRZ data out with TXCLK. TPCMI can be configured to sample on the rising or falling edge of TSBCKI. See the Transmit System Bus Configuration register [TSB_CR; addr 0D4]. TSLIP has four modes of operation: Two-Frame Normal, 64-bit Elastic, Two-Frame Short, and Bypass. TSLIP mode is set in the Transmit System Bus Configuration register [TSB_CR; addr 0D4]. It is organized as a two-frame buffer, with high-frame and low-frame buffers. This allows MPU access to frame data, regardless of the TSLIP mode selected. Each byte offset into the frame buffer is a different time slot: offset 0 in TSLIP is always time slot 0 (TS0), offset 1 is always TS1, and so on. The slip buffer has processor read/write access. 2-48 Conexant N8370DSE Bt8370/8375/8376 2.0 Circuit Description Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface 2.7 Transmit System Bus In Normal mode, the slip buffer total depth is two 193-bit frames (T1), or two 256-bit frames (E1). Data is written to the slip buffer using TSBCK and read from the slip buffer using TXCLK. If there is a slight rate difference between the two clocks, the slip buffer changes from its initial condition—approximately half full—by either adding or removing frames. If TSBCK writes to the slip buffer faster than TCKI reads the data, the buffer becomes full. When the slip buffer in Normal mode is full, an entire frame of data is deleted. Conversely, if TXCLK is reading the slip buffer at a faster rate than TSBCK is writing the data, the buffer eventually empties. When the slip buffer in Normal mode is empty, an entire frame of data is duplicated. When an entire frame is deleted or duplicated, it is known as a Frame Slip (FSLIP). An FSLIP is always 1 full frame of data. The FSLIP status is reported in the Slip Buffer Status register [SSTAT; addr 0D9]. In 64-bit Elastic mode, the slip buffer total depth is 64 bits, and the initial throughput delay is 32 bits, or half of the total depth. Similar to Normal mode, Elastic mode allows the system bus to operate at any of the programmable bus rates, independent of the line rate. The advantage of this mode over the Two-Frame mode is that throughput delay is reduced from 1 frame to an average of 32 bits, and the transmit multiframe can retain its alignment with respect to the transmit data. The disadvantage of this mode is handling the full and empty buffer conditions. In 64-bit Elastic mode, an empty or full buffer condition causes an Uncontrolled Slip (USLIP). Unlike an FSLIP, a USLIP is of unknown size, ranging from 1 to 256 bits of data. The USLIP status is reported in SSTAT. The Two-Frame Short mode combines the depth of the Normal mode with the throughput delay of the Elastic mode. This mode begins in Elastic mode with a 32-bit initial throughput delay, and switches to Normal modes when the buffer is empty or full; thereafter, the Two-Frame Short and Normal modes perform identically. If the slip buffer is full (two frames) in the Two-Frame Short and Normal modes, an FSLIP is reported; thereafter, the slip buffer performs exactly like Normal mode. In Bypass mode, data is clocked through TSLIP from the TSB to the XMTR using TXCLK as selected by the TCKI input clock mux. 2.7.3 Signaling Buffer The 32-byte Transmit Signaling Buffer [TSIG; addr 120–13F] stores a single multiframe of signaling data input from the TSIGI pin and is updated as each time slot is received in every TSB frame. Each byte offset into TSIG represents a different time slot for signaling data: offset 0 stores TS0 signaling data, offset 1 stores TS1 signaling data, and so on. The signaling data is stored in the least significant 4 bits of the signaling buffer. Similar to TSLIP, TSIG has read/write processor access for accessing or overwriting signaling information. The signaling buffer uses TFSYNC to identify the frame boundaries in the TSIGI data stream. N8370DSE Conexant 2-49 2.0 Circuit Description Bt8370/8375/8376 2.7 Transmit System Bus Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface 2.7.4 Transmit Framing The transmit data stream has two framing functions: offline framer and an online framer. Figure 2-27 illustrates these functions. The offline framer recovers the transmit frame alignment (TFSYNC). The online framer monitors the frame alignment found by the offline framer and recovers multiframe alignment (TMSYNC). Transmit frame resynchronization is initiated by activating the Transmit Loss of Frame (TLOF) status bit in Alarm 2 status [ALM2; addr 048] register by the online framer. The TLOF criteria is set in the TLOFA, TLOFB, and TLOFC bits of the Transmitter Configuration register [TCR1; addr 071]. The online framer supports the following LOF criteria for T1: 2 frame bit errors out of 4; 2 out of 5; or 2 out of 6. For E1, it supports 3 out of 3. Figure 2-27. Transmit Framing and Timebase Alignment Options TSLIP Buffer TPCMI TNRZ TPHASE A 01 C CAS MFAS Online Online Recenter (TUSLIP) Offline Framer TFSYNCI Pass MF TMSYNCI TSB Offset TFSYNCO TMSYNCO B D FSYNC FAS FSYNC MSYNC TSB Timebase Pass MF CAS MSYNC TX Timebase A TSB Aligns to TPCMI (EMBED = 0) C TX Aligns to TNRZ (EMBED = 1) B TSB Aligns to TX (TSB_ALIGN = 1) (EMBED = 1) D TX Aligns to TSB (TX_ALIGN = 1) NOTE(S): 1. EMBED located in SBI_CR (addr 0D0). 2. TSB_ALIGN and TX_ALIGN located in TSB_CR (addr 0D4). 3. EMBED = 0 is only applicable if TPCMI is operating at the line rate. When TLOF is asserted, the offline framer searches the transmit data stream for a new frame alignment, provided transmit framing is enabled [TABORT; addr 071]. If embedded framing is enabled [EMBED; addr 0D0], the offline framer examines the TSLIP buffer output, TNRZ, for transmit frame alignment. If embedded framing is disabled, the offline framer examines the slip buffer input (TPCMI) for transmit frame alignment. This case (EMBED = 0) is only applicable if TPCMI is configured to operate at the line rate: 2,048 kbps E1, or 1,544 kbps T1. If transmit framing is disabled, the offline framer waits for a reframe command [TFORCE; addr 071] before beginning frame alignment search. 2-50 Conexant N8370DSE Bt8370/8375/8376 2.0 Circuit Description Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface 2.7 Transmit System Bus After the offline framer recovers frame alignment, the online framer monitors TLOF and searches for multiframe alignment; the search uses the criteria defined by the Transmit Frame mode [TFRAME; addr 070]. The online framer conducts a multiframe alignment search each time the offline framer recovers transmit frame alignment, as reported by high-to-low transition of transmit loss of frame status [TLOF; addr 048]. After TLOF recovery, the online framer searches continuously for multiframe alignment until the correct pattern sequence is located, or until basic frame alignment is lost (TLOF goes active-high). After multiframe alignment recovery, the online framer checks subsequent multiframes for errored alignment patterns, but does not use those errors as part of the criteria for loss of basic frame alignment. NOTE: The online framer's multiframe search status is not directly reported to the processor, but instead is monitored by examination of transmit error status: TMERR, TSERR, and TCERR [addr 00B]. If the system incorporates a certain number of multiframe pattern errors (or a certain error ratio) into the loss of transmit frame alignment criteria, the processor must count multiframe pattern errors to determine when to force a transmit reframe [TFORCE; addr 071]. The frame synchronization criteria used by the offline framer is set in the TFRAME[3:0] of the Transmit Framer Configuration register [TCR0; addr 070]. (Tables 3-15 and 3-16 illustrate supported transmit framing formats. Also, see Tables 3-17 and 3-18, Criteria for Loss/Recovery of Transmit Frame Alignment.) The offline framer is shared between the RCVR and XMTR and can only search in 1 direction at a time. Consequently, the host processor can manually arbitrate between RCVR and XMTR reframe requests by manipulating the ABORT and FORCE controls, or by allowing the framer to automatically arbitrate LOF requests. The offline framer waits until the current search is complete [FSTAT; addr 017] before checking for pending LOF reframe requests. If both online framers have pending reframe requests, the offline framer aligns to the opposite direction of that most recently searched. For example, if TLOF is pending at the conclusion of a receive search which timed out without finding alignment, the offline framer switches to search in the transmit direction. The TLOF switchover is prevented in the preceding example if the processor asserts TABORT to mask the transmit reframe request. TABORT does not affect TLOF status reporting. For applications that frame in only 1 direction, framing in the opposite direction must be masked. If, at the conclusion of a receive search timeout, TLOF status is asserted but masked by TABORT, the offline framer continues to search in the receive direction. N8370DSE Conexant 2-51 2.0 Circuit Description Bt8370/8375/8376 2.7 Transmit System Bus Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface For applications that frame in both directions, the processor can manually arbitrate among pending reframe requests by controlling the reframe precedence. An example of manual control follows: 1 2 3 4 5 Initialize RABORT = 1 and TABORT = 1. Enable RLOF and TLOF interrupts. Read clear pending ISR interrupts. Release RABORT = 0. Call LOF Service Routine if either RLOF or TLOF interrupt; { (check current LOF status (ALMI, 2; addr 047, 048) If RLOF recovered and TLOF lost —Assert RABORT = 1 —Release TABORT = 0 If RLOF lost or TLOF recovered —Assert TABORT = 1 —Release RABORT = 0 } The status of the offline framer can be monitored using the Offline Framer Status register [FSTAT; addr 017]. The register reports the following: • whether the offline framer is looking at the receive or transmit data streams (RX/TXN) • whether the framer is actively searching for frame alignment (ACTIVE) • whether the framer found multiple framing candidates (TIMEOUT) • whether the framer found frame sync (FOUND) • whether the framer found no frame alignment candidates (INVALID) 2.7.5 Embedded Framing Embedded framing mode [EMBED; addr 0D0] instructs the transmit framer to search TSLIP buffer output (TNRZ) for framing bits while in T1 mode, or for MFAS and CAS in E1 mode. Embedded framing allows the transmit timebase to align with the transmit framer multiframe alignment of the PCM signal transported across the system bus. The G.802 Embedded mode supports ITU-T Recommendation G.802, which describes how 24 T1 time slots and framing bit (193 bits) are mapped to the 32 E1 time slots (256 bits): by leaving TS0 and TS16 unassigned, by storing the 24 T1 time slots in TS1 to TS15, and in TS17 to TS25, and by storing the frame bit in Bit 1 of TS26 (see Figure 2-20). 2-52 Conexant N8370DSE Bt8370/8375/8376 2.0 Circuit Description 2.8 Transmitter Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface 2.8 Transmitter The Digital Transmitter (XMTR) inserts T1/E1 overhead data and encodes single rail NRZ data from the TSB into P and N rail NRZ data, suitable for transmission by the TLIU. The XMTR, illustrated in Figure 2-28, consists of the following elements: two Transmit Data Links, Test Pattern Generator, In-Band Loopback Code Generator, Overhead Pattern Generator, Alarm Generator, Zero Code Suppression (ZCS) Encoder, External Transmit Data Link, CRC Generation, Framing Pattern Insertion, and Far End Block Error Generator. Figure 2-28. XMTR Diagram TPOSI TNEGI TNRZO MSYNCO ZCS Encoder N8370DSE Conexant Transmitter Timebase To TSBI TNRZ TDLI TDLCKO TPOS TNEG TCLK TPDV Enforcer Alarm/Error Insert PRBS/Inband LB Sa-Byte/BOP Data Link 1 Buffer Data Link 2 Buffer External DL3 T1/E1 Frame Insert Line Framer Loopback Loopback 2-53 Bt8370/8375/8376 2.0 Circuit Description 2.8 Transmitter Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface 2.8.1 External Transmit Data Link The External Data Link (DL3) allows the system to supply externally any bits in any time slot of all frames, odd frames, or even frames, including T1 framing bits. Pin access to the DL3 transmitter is provided through TDLCKO and TDLI, which serve as the TDL3 clock output (TDLCKO) and data input (TDLI). The mode of the pins is selected using TDL_IO bit in the Programmable Input/Output register [PIO; addr 018]. Control of DL3 format is provided in two registers: External Data Link Time Slot [DL3_TS; addr 015] and External Data Link Bit [DL3_BIT; addr 016]. Transmit DL3 is set up by selecting the bit(s) [DL3_BIT], and time slot [TS[4:0]; addr 015] to be overwritten, and then enabling the data link [DL3EN; addr 015]. Enabling the data link starts TDLCKO for gating the NRZ data provided on TDLI. See Figure 2-29. Figure 2-29. Transmit External Data Link Waveforms TDLCKO TS8 TS9 1 TDLI 2 TS10 7 8 NOTE(S): This example shows bits 1, 2, 7, and 8 of TS9 selected. Any combination of time slot bits can be selected. 2.8.2 Transmit Data Links The XMTR contains two independent data link controllers (DL1, DL2): a Performance Report Message (PRM) generator and a Bit-Oriented Protocol (BOP) transceiver. DL1 and DL2 can be programmed to send and receive HDLC formatted messages in the Message Oriented Protocol (MOP) mode, or unformatted serial data can be sent and received in any combination of bits within a selected time slot or F-bit channel. The PRM message generator can automatically send 1-second performance reports. The BOP transceiver can preemptively transmit BOP messages, such as ESF Yellow Alarm. 2.8.2.1 Data Link Controllers 2-54 The Bt8370 and Bt8375 provide two internal data link controllers, and the Bt8376 provides a single controller. DL1 and DL2 control the serial data channels, which operate in multiples of 4 kbps to the maximum 64 kbps time slot rate. This is done by selecting a combination of bits from either odd, even, or all frames. Both data link controllers support ESF Facilities Data Link (FDL), SLC-96 data link, Sa data link, Common Channel Signaling (CCS), Signaling System #7 (SS7); ISDN LAPD channels; Digital Multiplexed Interface (DMI) signaling in TS24; and the latest ETSI V.51 and V.52 signaling channels. DL1 and DL2 each contain a 64-byte transmit buffer which function either as programmable length circular buffers in transparent (unformatted) mode, or as full-length data FIFOs in formatted (HDLC) mode. Conexant N8370DSE Bt8370/8375/8376 2.0 Circuit Description 2.8 Transmitter Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface DL1 and DL2 are configured identically, except for their offset in the register map. The DL1 address range is 0A4 to 0AE, and the DL2 address range is 0AF to 0B9. From this point on, the DL1 is used to describe the operation of both data link controllers. Transmit Data Link 1 (TDL1) can be viewed as having a higher priority than Transmit Data Link 2 (TDL2) because TDL1 overwrites the primary rate channel after TDL2. Thus, any data that TDL2 writes to the primary rate channel can be overwritten by TDL1, if TDL1 is configured to transmit in the same time slot as TDL2. The TDL1 is enabled using the DL1 Control register [DL1_CTL; addr 0A6]. TDL1 does not overwrite time slot data until it is enabled. DL1_CTL also controls the data format and the circular buffer/FIFO mode. The following data formats [DL1[1,0]; addr 0A6] are supported on the data link: Frame Check Sequence (FCS), non-FCS, Pack8, or Pack6. FCS and non-FCS are HDLC-formatted messages. Pack8 and Pack6 are unformatted messages with 8 bits per FIFO access, and 6 bits per FIFO access, respectively. The Circular Buffer/FIFO control bit [TDL1_RPT; addr 0A6] allows the FIFO to act as a circular buffer; in this mode, a message can be transmitted repeatedly. This feature is available only for unformatted transmit data link applications. The processor can repeatedly send fixed patterns on the selected channel by writing a 1- to 64- byte message into the circular buffer. The programmed message length repeats until the processor writes a new message. The first byte of each unformatted message is output automatically, aligned to the first frame of the 12-, 24-, or 16-frame transmit multiframe (SF/ESF/MFAS). This allows the processor to source overhead or data elements aligned to the TX timebase. NOTE: Each unformatted message written is output-aligned only after the preceding message completes transmission. Therefore, data continuity is retained during the linkage of consecutive messages, provided that the contents of each message consists of a multiple of the multiframe length. Time slot and bit selection is done through the DL1 Time Slot Enable [DL1_TS; addr 0A4] and DL1 Bit Enable [DL1_BIT; addr 0A5] registers. DL1_TS selects which frames and which time slot are overwritten. The frame select allows TDL1 to overwrite the time slot in all frames, odd frames, even frames. The time slot word enable is a value between 0 and 31 that selects which time slot is filled with data from the transmit data link buffer. DL1_BIT selects which bits are overwritten in the time slot selected. Table 2-10 lists commonly used data link settings. Table 2-10. Commonly Used Data Link Settings Data Link Frame Time Slot Time Slot Bits Mode ESF FDL Odd 0 (F-bits) Don’t Care FCS T1DM R Bit All 24 00000010 FCS SLC-96 Even 0 (F-bits) Don’t Care Pack6 ISDN LAPD All N 11111111 FCS CEPT Sa4 Odd 1 00001000 FCS NOTE(S): N represents any T1/E1 time slot. N8370DSE Conexant 2-55 Bt8370/8375/8376 2.0 Circuit Description 2.8 Transmitter Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface The Transmit Data Link FIFO #1 [TDL1; addr 0AD] is 64 bytes, and very versatile. It can be used as a single-byte transmit buffer or in any number of bytes, up to a maximum of 64. As a single-byte FIFO, the Transmit FIFO Empty Status (TMPTY1) in TDL #1 Status [TDL1_STAT; addr 0AE] and Transmit FIFO Empty Interrupt (TEMPTY) in Data Link 1 Interrupt Status (ISR2; addr 009] can be used for byte-by-byte transmissions. Using the Transmit Data FIFO, an entire block of data can be transmitted with very little microprocessor-interrupt overhead. Block transfers to the FIFO can be controlled by the Near Empty Threshold in the FIFO Empty Control register [TDL1_FEC; addr 0AB]. The Near Empty Threshold is a user-programmable value between 0 and 63 that represents the minimum number of bytes that can remain in the transmit FIFO before near empty is declared. Once the threshold is set, the Near Empty Status (TNEAR1) in TDL #1 Status [TDL1_STAT; addr 0AE] is asserted whenever the Near Empty Threshold is reached. An interrupt, TNEAR in the Data Link 1 Interrupt Status register [ISR2; addr 009], is also available to mark this event. Once an entire message is written into the transmit FIFO or circular buffer, the processor must indicate the end of message by writing any value to the TDL #1 End of Message (EOM) Control [TDL1_EOM; addr 0AC]. In FCS mode, the EOM indicates that the FCS is to be calculated and transmitted following the last byte in the FIFO; in the Circular Buffer mode, the EOM indicates the end of the transmit circular buffer. 2-56 Conexant N8370DSE Bt8370/8375/8376 2.0 Circuit Description 2.8 Transmitter Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface The Transmit Data Link Controller can be programmed according to the CPU bandwidth of your system. For systems with 1 CPU dedicated to 1 Bt8370, the data link status can be polled, and the 64-byte transmit FIFO can be used like a single byte transmit buffer. For systems where a single CPU controls multiple Bt8370s, the data link can be interrupt-driven and the entire 64-byte transmit FIFO can be used to store entire messages. See Figures 2-30 and 2-31 for a high-level description of polling and interrupt-driven Transmit Data Link Controller software. Figure 2-30. Polled Transmit Data Link Processing Message Transmit Message Write Block/Byte to FIFO If End of Message 0x00 Block 1 0x20 Block 2 0x40 Block 3 Yes No Wait N Milliseconds Read FIFO Status No Write End of Message Register Return If FIFO Empty or Near Empty Yes NOTE(S): Selected N based on the data rate of link. N8370DSE Conexant 2-57 Bt8370/8375/8376 2.0 Circuit Description 2.8 Transmitter Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface Figure 2-31. Interrupt Driven Transmit Data Link Processing Main Line Code Message Transmit Message 0x00 Block 1 0x20 Block 2 0x40 Block 3 0x60 Block 4 Write Block/Byte to FIFO Return Interrupt Service Routine Interrupt Occurred Read Interrupt Status If Transmit Data Link Near Empty Interrupt No Yes Write Block/Byte to FIFO If End of Message Process Other Interrupt Return No Yes Write End of Message Register Return Return Bt8370/8375/8376 uses a hierarchical interrupt structure, with 1 top-level Interrupt Request register [IRR; addr 003] directing software to the lower levels. Of all the interrupt sources, the 2 most significant bandwidth requirements are signaling and data link interrupts. Each data link controller has a top-level interrupt status register that reports data link operations (see Data Link 1 and 2 Interrupt Status registers [ISR2; addr 009, and ISR1; 00A]). The processor uses a 2-step interrupt scheme for the data link: it reads the Interrupt Request register, then uses that register value to read the corresponding Data Link Interrupt Status register. 2-58 Conexant N8370DSE Bt8370/8375/8376 2.0 Circuit Description 2.8 Transmitter Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface 2.8.2.2 PRM Generator Performance Report Messages (PRMs) are HDLC messages containing path identification and performance monitoring information. If automatic performance report insertion is selected [AUTO_PRM; addr 0AA], a performance report is generated each second and begins transmitting coincident with the 1-second timer interrupt [ONESEC; addr 005]. The PRM is sent immediately if the processor sets the SEND_PRM bit in the Performance Report Message register [PRM; addr 0AA]. All performance monitoring fields of the message are automatically filled in when a PRM is generated. The remaining PRM bit fields are application-specific and can be configured using the Performance Report Message register. For systems with a single processor and multiple Bt8370s, the automatic PRM generation can off-load a significant portion of CPU bandwidth. TBOP Transmitter The Transmit Bit-Oriented Protocol (TBOP) transmitter sends BOP messages, including ESF Yellow Alarm, which consists of repeated 16-bit patterns with an embedded 6-bit codeword. The TBOP is configured to operate over the same channel selected by Data Link #1 [DL1_TS; addr 0A4]. The TBOP must be configured to operate over the FDL channel. This is required for TBOP to convey Priority, Command, and Response codeword messages according to ANSI T1.403, Section 9.4.1. The precedence of transmitted BOP messages with respect to current DL1 transmit activity is configurable using the Transmit BOP mode bits [TBOP_MODE[1,0]; addr 0A0]. BOP messages can also be transmitted during E1 mode, although the 16-bit codeword pattern has not currently been adopted as an E1 standard. The length of the BOP message [TBOP_LEN[1,0]; addr 0A0] can be set to a single pattern, 10 patterns, 25 patterns, or continuous. 0xxxxxx0 11111111 (transmitted right to left) [543210] TBOP = 6-bit codeword BOP codewords are transmitted by writing to the Transmit BOP Codeword [TBOP; addr 0A1]. The real-time status of the codeword transmission can be monitored using TBOP_ACTIVE in the BOP Status register [BOP_STAT; addr 0A3]. A begin BOP transmit interrupt is available in Data Link 1 Interrupt Status [ISR2; addr 009]. 2.8.3 Sa-Byte Overwrite Buffer Five transmit Sa-Byte buffers [TSA4 to TSA8; addr 07B to 07F] are available; they insert Sa-bits into the odd frames of TS0. The entire group of 40 bits is sampled every 16 frames, coincident with the Transmit Multiframe bit interrupt boundary [TMF; addr 008]. Bit 0 from each TSA register is then inserted during frame 1, bit 1 is inserted during frame 3, bit 2 is inserted during frame 5, and so on, which gives the processor a maximum of 2 ms after TMF interrupt to write new Sa-Byte buffer values. Transmit Sa-bits maintain a fixed relationship to the transmit CRC multiframe. Each of the 5 Sa-Byte transmit buffers can be individually enabled using the Manual Sa-Byte Transmit Enable in the Transmit Manual Sa-Byte/FEBE Configuration register [TMAN; addr 074]. N8370DSE Conexant 2-59 Bt8370/8375/8376 2.0 Circuit Description 2.8 Transmitter Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface 2.8.4 Overhead Pattern Generator The transmit overhead generation circuitry provides the ability to insert all of the overhead associated with the Primary Rate Channel. The following types of overhead pattern generation are supported: Framing patterns, Alarm patterns, Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC), and Far-End Block Error (FEBE). 2.8.4.1 Framing Pattern Generation The framing pattern generation circuitry inserts the following patterns into the data stream: the 2-bit terminal framing (Ft) pattern, the 6-bit signaling frame (Fs) pattern, the 6-bit FPS pattern, the 8-bit FAS/NFAS pattern, and the 6-bit MFAS pattern. The Ft pattern in SF, SLC-96, and T1DM is inserted into the transmit data stream by enabling the INS_FBIT in the Transmit Frame Format register [TFRM; addr 072]. The Fs pattern in SF is inserted by enabling the INS_MF bit. The FPS pattern in ESF and the FAS/NFAS pattern in E1 mode are inserted by enabling the INS_FBIT bit. The MFAS pattern is inserted by enabling the INS_MF bit. 2.8.4.2 Alarm Generator The Transmit Alarm Generation circuitry generates Alarm Indication Signal (AIS) and Remote Alarm Indication (RAI/Yellow Alarm). AIS is defined as an unframed all-1s pattern and is normally transmitted when the data source is lost. AIS transmission can be enabled as follows: • Manually • Automatically upon detection of transmit loss of clock • Automatically upon loss of received signal or loss of receive clock Typical applications require transmission of AIS toward the line when DTE transmit data or clock is not present. In most applications, DTE data and clock are isolated from the transmitter, requiring manual AIS transmission under software control. Manual insertion of AIS is controlled by the TAIS bit in the Transmit Alarm Signal Configuration register [TALM; addr 075]. Setting this bit overwrites the currently transmitted data with the AIS pattern. If AISCLK [TLIU_CR; addr 068] is also set, AIS is transmitted using AIS Clock Input (ACKI); otherwise it uses the clock present at TCKI MUX output [CMUX; addr 01A]. Automatic transmission of AIS can be controlled by detection of transmit loss of clock [TLOC; addr 048]. This mode is enabled by setting AISCLK and providing an alternate transmit line rate clock on the ACKI clock input pin. By setting AUTO_AIS in the TALM register, automatic transmission of AIS can also be controlled by detection of Receiver Loss of Signal [RLOS; addr 047] or Receiver Loss of Clock [RLOC; addr 047], depending on whether an analog or digital line interface option [RDIGI; addr 020] is used. This mode is typically used to transmit AIS (keep-alive) during line loopback if the received signal is lost. Setting AUTO_AIS simultaneously with setting LLOOP [LOOP; addr 014] enables this operation. AIS Generation 2-60 Conexant N8370DSE Bt8370/8375/8376 2.0 Circuit Description 2.8 Transmitter Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface Yellow Alarm Generation Yellow Alarm, also referred to as RAI (Remote Alarm Indication), is a bit pattern inserted into the transmit stream to alert far-end equipment that the local receiver cannot recover data. Yellow Alarm/RAI is typically transmitted during Receive Loss of Frame and is defined differently depending upon the transmit frame format configured [TFRAME; addr 070]. Table 2-11 describes the Yellow Alarm/RAI action taken for each frame format. Table 2-11. Yellow Alarm Generation Frame Format Yellow Alarm Location Mode SF Bit 2 of every time slot set to 0 YB2 ESF(1) Bit 2 of every time slot set to 0 YB2 SLC-96 Bit 2 of every time slot set to 0 BY2 SF/JYEL F-bit 12 of every superframe set to 1 YJ T1DM Y bit of the sync byte set to 0 Y24 E1 A bit of TS0 set to 1 Y0 NOTE(S): (1) Yellow Alarm/RAI for T1-ESF framing is defined as a BOP priority codeword in the FDL channel. This is called T1 Multiframe Yellow Alarm in 8370. T1-ESF Multiframe Yellow Alarm/RAI(YF) is not transmitted using the procedure described below. Instead, T1- ESF Multiframe Yellow Alarm/RAI(YF) is generated by configuring DL1 to continuously transmit an all 0s BOP priority codeword. Refer to the Transmit Data Links section under TBOP Transmitter. Transmission of Yellow Alarm(YB2) is controlled by the register bits listed in Table 2-12: Table 2-12. Yellow Alarm Register Bits Bit Name Register INS_YEL [TFRM; addr 072] TYEL [TALM; addr 075] AUTO_YEL [TALM; addr 075] RLOF [ALM1; addr 047] RLOF_INTEG [RALM; addr 045] The insertion of Yellow Alarm(YB2) into the transmit stream is controlled by INS_YEL. Yellow Alarm(YB2) is inserted only when INS_YEL is set. Otherwise, these bit positions are supplied by data from TPCMI. Yellow Alarm(YB2) generation can be done manually or automatically. Manual generation of Yellow Alarm(YB2) is controlled by TYEL. Setting this bit immediately and unconditionally overwrites the Yellow Alarm signal bit(s) in the transmitted data stream with the appropriate pattern. N8370DSE Conexant 2-61 Bt8370/8375/8376 2.0 Circuit Description 2.8 Transmitter Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface Automatic generation of Yellow Alarm(YB2) is controlled by AUTO_YEL, RLOF, and RLOF_INTEG. If AUTO_YEL is set, Yellow Alarm is generated during a Receive Loss of Frame alignment (RLOF = 1). Optionally, RLOF integration can be enabled by setting RLOF_INTEG. In this case, both RLOF indication and Yellow Alarm/RAI generation are delayed for approximately 2.5 seconds if a continuous out of frame condition exists. Yellow Alarm/RAI generation continues for at least 1 second after RLOF clears. Refer to Table 2-13. Table 2-13. Multiframe Yellow Alarm Generation Line Rate Multiframe Yellow Alarm Action Mode T1 Facilitates Yellow Alarm Action (requires programming TDL1) YF E1 Set Y bit TS16 in frame 0 to 1 Y16 In T1 ESF framing mode, Multiframe Yellow Alarm or RAI is transmitted using BOP Codeword Transmitter [TBOP; addr 0A1] and does not depend on INS_MYEL. Transmitting Yellow Alarm/RAI toward the line can be done upon receiving Receive Loss of Frame. T1 multiframe Yellow Alarm must be generated by configuring TDL1 to transmit an all-0s BOP codeword. Optionally, RLOF integration can be enabled by setting RLOF_INTEG. In this case, both RLOF indication and Yellow Alarm/RAI generation are delayed for approximately 2.5 seconds if a continuous out of frame condition exists. Yellow Alarm/RAI generation continues for at least 1 second after RLOF clears. RLOF_INTEG does not meet the requirements of TR62411. To meet the requirements of TR62411, “Conditions Causing the Initiation of Carrier Failure Alarms,” the Receive Loss of Frame condition reported by FRED (addr 049) must be integrated before initiating Yellow Alarm Transmission. This can be accomplished in software by integrating FRED during an RLOF Interrupt (ISR7; addr 004), with RLOF_INTEG bit cleared. In E1 CAS framing modes, Multiframe Yellow Alarm is inserted into the transmit stream to alert far-end equipment that local received multiframe alignment is not recovered. E1 Multiframe Yellow Alarm is transmitted by setting the Y bit in time slot 16, frame 0. Transmission of Multiframe Yellow Alarm is controlled by the register bits listed in Table 2-14: Table 2-14. Multiframe Yellow Alarm Register Bits Bit Name 2-62 Register INS_MYEL [TFRM; addr 072] TMYEL [TALM; addr 075] AUTO_MYEL [TALM; addr 075] SRED [ALM3; addr 049] Conexant N8370DSE Bt8370/8375/8376 2.0 Circuit Description 2.8 Transmitter Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface The insertion of E1 Multiframe Yellow Alarm is controlled by INS_MYEL. E1 Multiframe Yellow Alarm is inserted only when INS_MYEL is set. Multiframe Yellow Alarm generation can be initiated manually or automatically. Manual insertion of Multiframe Yellow Alarm is controlled by TMYEL. Setting this bit unconditionally overwrites the Multiframe Yellow Alarm signal bit in the transmitted data stream. Automatic insertion of Multiframe Yellow Alarm is controlled by AUTO_MYEL in the TALM register. When set, the AUTO_MYEL mode sends a yellow alarm for the duration of a Receive Loss of CAS Multiframe Alignment [SRED; addr 049]. 2.8.4.3 CRC Generation The CRC generation circuitry computes the value of the CRC-6 code in T1 mode or the CRC-4 code in E1 mode. Once computed, it is inserted into the appropriate position of the transmitted data stream. CRC overwrite is enabled by the INS_CRC bit in Transmit Frame Format [TFRM; addr 072]. If the transmit frame format is configured as ESF, and the INS_CRC bit is active, the 2 kbps CRC sequence is inserted. (The position of the CRC-6 bits is shown in Table A-4, Extended Superframe Format). If the transmit frame format is configured as E1 and the INS_CRC bit is active, the 4 kbps CRC sequence is inserted. (The position of the CRC-4 bits is shown in Table A-6, ITU–T CEPT Frame Format Time Slot 0-Bit Allocations.) 2.8.4.4 Far-End Block Error Generation The Far-End Block Error (FEBE) generation circuitry inserts FEBE bits automatically or manually. Automatic FEBE generation is enabled by the INS_FE bit in TFRM. If the transmit frame format is configured as E1 and the INS_FE bit is active, a FEBE is generated in response to an incoming CRC-4 error by setting an E-bit of TS0 to 0. (Refer to Table A-7, IRSM CEPT Frame Format Time Slot 0-Bit Allocations for the location of the E-bits within the E1 frame.) Manual FEBE generation is enabled by the TFEBE bit of the Transmit Manual Sa-Byte/FEBE Configuration register [TMAN; addr 074]. If the transmit frame format is configured as E1 and the TFEBE bit is active, the FEBE bits are supplied by the processor in FEBE_I and FEBE_II bits [addr 074]. 2.8.5 Test Pattern Generator The transmit test pattern generation circuitry overwrites the transmit data with various test patterns and permits logical and frame-bit error insertion. This feature is particularly useful for system diagnostics, production testing, and test equipment applications. The test pattern can be a framed or unframed PRBS pattern. The PRBS patterns available include 2E11-1, 2E15-1, 2E20-1, and 2E23-1. Each pattern can optionally include Zero Code Suppression (ZCS). Error insertion includes LCV, BPV, Ft, CRC4, CRC6, COFA, PRBS, Fs, MFAS, and CAS. The Transmit Test Pattern Configuration register [TPATT; addr 076] controls the test pattern insertion circuit. TPATT controls the PRBS pattern (TPATT[1:0]) bits), ZCS setting (ZLIMIT bit), T1/E1 framing (FRAMED bit), and Starting and Stopping transmission (TPSTART bit). N8370DSE Conexant 2-63 Bt8370/8375/8376 2.0 Circuit Description 2.8 Transmitter Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface Patterns are generated in accordance with ITU–T O.150 (10/92), O.151 (10/92), and O.152 (10/92). Enabling ZLIMIT modifies the inserted pattern by limiting the number of consecutive 0s. For the 2E11-1 or 2E15-1 PRBS patterns, 8 or more 0s does not occur with ZLIMIT enabled. For the 2E20-1 or 2E23-1 PRBS patterns, 15 or more 0s will not occur with ZLIMIT enabled. NOTE: The QRSS pattern is a 2E20-1 PRBS with ZLIMIT enabled. This function is performed according to ANSI T1.403 and ITU–T O.151 (10/92). Frame bit positions can be preserved in the output pattern by enabling FRAMED. In T1 mode, this prevents the test pattern from overwriting the frame bit which occurs every 193 bits. In E1 mode with FRAMED enabled, the test pattern does not overwrite time slot 0 data (FAS and NFAS words) and time slot 16 (CAS signalling word) if CAS framing is also selected. CAS framing is selected by setting TFRAME[3] to 1 in the Transmit Configuration register [TCR0; addr 070]. The test pattern is stopped during these bit periods according to ITU-T O.151, (10/92). If FRAMED is disabled, the test pattern is transmitted in all time slots. 2.8.6 Transmit Error Insertion The Transmit Error Insert register [TERROR; addr 073] controls error insertion during pattern generation. Writing 1 to a TERROR bit injects a single occurrence of the respective error on TPOSO/TNEGO and XTIP/XRING outputs. Writing a 0 has no effect. Multiple transmit errors can be generated simultaneously. Periodic or random bit error rates can also be emulated by software control of the error control bit. NOTE: Injected errors affect the data sent during a Framer or Analog Loopback [FLOOP or ALOOP; addr 014]. Line Code Violations (LCV) are inserted via the TVERR bit of the TERROR register. In T1 mode, if TVERR is set, a BPV is inserted between two consecutive ones. TVERR is latched until the BPV is inserted into the transmit data stream, and then it is cleared. In E1 mode with HDB3 selected, two consecutive BPVs of the same polarity are inserted. This is registered as a single LCV for the receiving E1 equipment. Ft, FPS, and FAS bit errors are inserted using the TFERR bit in the TERROR register. TFERR commands a logical inversion of the next frame bit transmitted. CRC4 (E1) and CRC6 (T1) bit errors are inserted using the TCERR bit in the TERROR register. TCERR commands a logical inversion of the next CRC bit transmitted. Change of Frame Alignments (COFA) are controlled by the TCOFA and BSLIP bits in the TERROR register. TCOFA commands a 1-bit shift in the location of the transmit frame alignment by deleting (or inserting) a 1-bit position from the transmit frame. During E1 modes, BSLIP determines which direction the bit slip occurs. In T1 modes, only 1-bit deletion is provided. Note that TCOFA alters extraction rate of data from transmit slip buffer; thus, repeated TCOFAs eventually cause a controlled frame slip where 1 frame of data is repeated (T1/BSLIP = 0), or where 1 frame of data is deleted (BSLIP = 1). PRBS test pattern errors are inserted by TBERR in the TERROR register. TBERR commands a single PRBS error by logically inverting the next PRBS generator output bit. 2-64 Conexant N8370DSE Bt8370/8375/8376 2.0 Circuit Description 2.8 Transmitter Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface Fs and MFAS errors are controlled by the TMERR bit in the TERROR register. TMERR commands a single Fs bit error in T1, or MFAS bit error in E1 by logically inverting the next multiframe bit transmitted. CAS Multiframe (MAS) errors are controlled by the TSERR bit in the TERROR register. TSERR commands a single MAS pattern error by logically inverting the first MAS bit transmitted. 2.8.7 In-Band Loopback Code Generator The in-band loopback code generator circuitry overwrites the transmit data with in-band codes of configurable value and length. These codes are sequences with periods of 1 to 7 bits and may, in some applications, overwrite the framing bit. The Transmit Inband Loopback Code Configuration register [TLB; addr 077] controls the functions required for this operation. A loopback code is generated in the transmit data stream by writing the loopback code to the Transmit Inband Loopback Code Pattern register [LBP; addr 078], and then by setting the Start Inband Loopback (LBSTART) and Loopback Length (LB_LEN) bits in the Transmit Inband Loopback Code Configuration register [TLB; addr 077]. The TLB register optionally allows the loopback code to overwrite framing bits using the UNFRAMED bit. The LB_LEN provides loopback code pattern lengths of 4 to 7 bits. Patterns of 2 or 3 bits can be achieved by repeating the pattern in 4- or 6-bit modes, respectively. Framed or unframed all 1s or all 0s can also be achieved by setting the pattern to all 0s or all 1s. The in-band loopback code generator is applicable only to T1 mode. 2.8.8 ZCS Encoder The ZCS encoder encodes the single rail clock and data (unipolar) into dual rail data (bipolar). The Transmit Zero Code Suppression Bits (TZCS[1,0]) in the Transmitter Configuration register [TCR1; addr 071] selects ZCS and Pulse Density Violation (PDV) enforcement options for XTIP/XRING and TPOSO/TNEGO output pins. TZCS supports the following: Alternate Mark Inversion (AMI), High Density Bipolar of order 3 (HDB3), Bipolar with 8 Zero Suppression (B8ZS), Pulse Density Violation (PDV), Unassigned Mux Code (UMC), and Bipolar with 7 Zero Suppression (B7ZS). NOTE: ZCS encoding, which alters data content, is performed prior to the CRC calculation so the outgoing CRC will always be correct. The AMI line code requires at least 12.5% average 1s density and no more than 15 consecutive 0s. A 1 is encoded as either a positive or negative pulse; a 0 is the absence of a pulse. Two consecutive pulses of the same polarity are referred to as a Bipolar Violation (BPV). N8370DSE Conexant 2-65 Bt8370/8375/8376 2.0 Circuit Description 2.8 Transmitter Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface The HDB3 line code replaces 4 consecutive 0s by 000V or B00V code, where B is an AMI pulse and V is a bipolar violation (see Figure 2-32). ZCS encoder selects the code that forces the BPV output polarity opposite to the prior BPV. Figure 2-32. Zero Code Substitution Formats Zero Code Substitution Formats Octet 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 AMI BPV BPV B8ZS BPV BPV HDB3 B7ZS UMC The B8ZS line code replaces strings of 8 consecutive 0s or no pulses with the B8ZS octet 000VB0VB, where B represents a normal bipolar pulse and V represents a BPV. A BPV that is not part of B8ZS octet is a BPV error. B7ZS replaces Bit 7 of all assigned time slots with a 1 if the contents are all 0. B7ZS encoding is enabled on a per-channel basis in the Transmit Per-Channel Control register [TPC0 to TPC31; addr 100 to 11F]. PDV enforcer overwrites transmit 0s that would otherwise cause output data to fail to meet the minimum required pulse density, per ANSI T1.403 sliding window. NOTE: 2-66 The enforcer never overwrites a framing bit and is not applicable during E1 mode. Conexant N8370DSE Bt8370/8375/8376 2.0 Circuit Description 2.8 Transmitter Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface UMC forces DS0 channels containing eight 0s to be replaced with the 10011000 code, per Bellcore TA-TSY-000278. NOTE: RCVR's ZCS decoder cannot recover original data content from a UMC or B7ZS encoded signal, or from a PDV-enforced one. The TPOSO/TNEGO output pins provide access to the P and N rail unipolar data before it is sent to the TLIU. The output on TPOSO/TNEGO can be changed from dual rail unipolar to NRZ unipolar data (TNRZO) and to multiframe sync clock (MSYNCO), using the Transmit NRZ Data (TNRZ) bit in TCR1[addr 071]. The TNRZ setting does not affect the XTIP/XRING output. N8370DSE Conexant 2-67 Bt8370/8375/8376 2.0 Circuit Description 2.9 Transmit Line Interface Unit Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface 2.9 Transmit Line Interface Unit The Transmit Line Interface Unit (TLIU), illustrated in Figure 2-33, converts P and N rail NRZ data to AMI pulses. The P and N rail NRZ data is generated by the XMTR, converted to AMI bipolar pulses by the TLIU, and output on the transmit tip and ring pins, XTIP and XRING. The TLIU has a configurable line rate, pulse shape, Line Build Out (LBO), external termination resistor, and transformer turns ratio. The TLIU consists of a control circuit, a pulse template ROM, a set of LBO filters, a Digital-to-Analog Converter (DAC), and a line driver. Figure 2-33. TLIU Diagram Analog Loopback From JAT To JAT TCKO 8x TPLL XTIP DRV XRING DAC LBO Filters Pulse Shape AIS Gen TPOS TNEG XOE NOTE(S): LBO filter block is not present in short haul devices: Bt8375 and Bt8376. 2-68 Conexant N8370DSE Bt8370/8375/8376 2.0 Circuit Description 2.9 Transmit Line Interface Unit Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface The TLIU can be used independently of the XMTR by applying P and N rail NRZ data to the TPOSI and TNEGI pins. Figure 2-34 shows the relationship between the P and N rail NRZ data, the transmit clock input, and XTIP/XRING. The transmit clock input can be supplied on the Transmit Clock Input pin (TCKI) or can be slaved to other clocks in the system using the Clock Input Mux register [CMUX; addr 01A]. This figure also shows the XTIP/XRING outputs being three-stated using the XOE pin. Figure 2-34. TLIU Waveform LCV TPOSI 1 3 4 5 7 2 TNEGI 8 6 TCKI Throughput Delay XTIP, XRING 1 3 7 5 4 6 2 8 LCV XOE NOTE(S): Transmit jitter attenuation bypassed. N8370DSE Conexant 2-69 Bt8370/8375/8376 2.0 Circuit Description 2.9 Transmit Line Interface Unit Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface 2.9.1 Pulse Shape Normalized and isolated AMI output pulses fit the T1/E1 pulse templates in Figures 2-35 and 2-37 when measured in accordance with the test circuits in Figures 2-36 and 2-38. Table 2-15 through Table 2-22 list the pulse template corner points. An isolated pulse is defined as a 1 followed by seven 0s for T1, and a 1 followed by three 0s for E1. The pulse templates shown in Figures 2-35 and 2-37 come from ANSI T1.403-1995, ITU-T G.703, and ANSI T1.102-1993. Figure 2-35. Standard DS1 Pulse Template 1.5 T1.403-1989 T1.403-1995 T1.102-1987 T1.102-1987 CCITT G.703 CCITT G.703 Normalized Amplitude 1 0.5 0 -0.5 -1 -1 -0.5 0 0.5 Time in Unit Intervals 1 1.5 Figure 2-36. T1 Pulse Template Test Circuit XTIP Cable Length 0 To 655 Ft. 19/22/24/26 AWG Bt8370 RLoad XRING VOUT NOTE(S): RLoad = 100 Ω ± 5%. 2-70 Conexant N8370DSE Bt8370/8375/8376 2.0 Circuit Description 2.9 Transmit Line Interface Unit Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface Figure 2-37. Standard E1 (G.703) Pulse Template 1.5 Normalized Amplitude 1 0.5 0 -0.5 -1 -1 -0.8 -0.6 -0.4 -0.2 0 0.2 Time in Unit Intervals 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 Figure 2-38. E1 (G.703) Pulse Template Test Circuit XTIP Bt8370 RLoad XRING VOUT NOTE(S): 1. For RLoad = 75 Ω (nominal) Vout (peak) = 2.37 V (nominal) 2. For RLoad = 120 Ω (nominal) Vout (peak) = 3.00 V (nominal) N8370DSE Conexant 2-71 Bt8370/8375/8376 2.0 Circuit Description 2.9 Transmit Line Interface Unit Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface Table 2-15. ANSI T1.102, 1993–DS1 Pulse Template Corner Points, Maximum Curve Time (ns) –400 –253 –175 –175 –75 0 175 228 602 700 Time (UI) –0.62 –0.39 –0.27 –0.27 –0.12 0 0.27 0.35 0.93 1.08 Normalized Amplitude 0.05 0.05 0.80 1.15 1.15 1.05 1.05 –0.07 0.05 0.05 Table 2-16. ANSI T1.102, 1993–DS1 Pulse Template Corner Points, Minimum Curve Time (ns) –400 –150 –150 –100 0 100 150 150 300 427 602 700 Time (UI) –0.62 –0.23 –0.23 –0.15 0 0.15 0.23 0.23 0.46 0.66 0.93 1.08 Normalized Amplitude –0.05 –0.05 0.50 0.95 0.95 0.90 0.50 –0.45 –0.45 –0.20 –0.05 –0.05 Table 2-17. ANSI T1.403, 1995–DS1 Pulse Template Corner Points, Maximum Curve Time (ns) –400 –253 –175 –175 –75 0 175 228 500 700 Time (UI) –0.62 –0.39 –0.27 –0.27 –0.12 0 0.27 0.35 0.77 1.08 Normalized Amplitude 0.05 0.05 0.80 1.20 1.20 1.05 1.05 –0.05 0.05 0.05 Table 2-18. ANSI T1.403, 1995–DS1 Pulse Template Corner Points, Minimum Curve Time (ns) –400 –150 –150 –100 0 100 150 150 300 396 600 700 Time (UI) –0.62 –0.23 –0.23 –0.15 0 0.15 0.23 0.23 0.46 0.61 0.93 1.08 Normalized Amplitude –0.05 –0.05 0.50 0.90 0.95 0.90 0.50 –0.45 –0.45 –0.26 –0.05 –0.05 Table 2-19. G.703, 1988–DS1 Pulse Template Corner Points, Maximum Curve Time (ns) –400 –243 –212 –212 212 212 243 700 Time (UI) –0.62 –0.40 –0.33 –0.33 0.33 0.33 0.38 1.08 Normalized Amplitude 0.10 0.10 0.50 1.23 1.23 0.50 0.10 0.10 2-72 Conexant N8370DSE Bt8370/8375/8376 2.0 Circuit Description 2.9 Transmit Line Interface Unit Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface Table 2-20. G.703, 1988–DS1 Pulse Template Corner Points, Minimum Curve Time (ns) –400 –112 –112 0 81 112 112 212 700 Time (UI) –0.62 –0.17 –0.17 0 0.13 0.17 0.17 0.33 1.08 Normalized Amplitude –0.10 –0.10 0.50 0.77 0.77 0.50 –0.40 –0.40 –0.10 Table 2-21. G.703, 1988–Pulse Template Corner Points, Maximum Curve Time (ns) –244 –135 –135 0 135 135 224 Time (UI) –0.50 0.276 –0.276 0 0.276 0.276 0.500 Normalized Amplitude –0.10 0.0.50 1.20 1.20 0.50 0.10 1.10 Table 2-22. G.703, 1988–Pulse Template Corner Points, Minimum Curve Time (ns) –244 –110 –110 –97 0 97 110 110 244 Time (UI) –0.500 –0.225 –0.225 –0.198 0 0.198 0.225 0.225 0.500 Normalized Amplitude –0.10 –0.20 0.50 0.80 0.90 0.800 0.50 –0.20 –0.10 N8370DSE Conexant 2-73 Bt8370/8375/8376 2.0 Circuit Description 2.9 Transmit Line Interface Unit Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface The pulse shape block receives P and N rail NRZ data. For each mark, it produces a set of eight 6-bit values which define the pulse shape to be transmitted, as illustrated in Figure 2-39. One of eight preprogrammed pulse shapes is selected via the Transmit LIU Configuration register [TLIU_CR; addr 068]. The TLIU control circuit downloads the code values associated with the selected pulse shape from the ROM to the Transmit Pulse Shape Configuration registers [SHAPE; addr 060–067], whenever the TLIU register is written to or when the device is reset. The SHAPE registers can be directly accessed via the microprocessor interface when a custom pulse shape is desired. NOTE: Any modification to the TLIU register initiates another download to the SHAPE registers. The data stored in the pulse shape ROM and the SHAPE registers is 5-bit magnitude only. The TLIU control circuit converts the 5-bit magnitude to 6-bit 2's complement data. The first 4 code values of the pulse (first half of the symbol) are forced to be positive, and the last 4 values (last half of the symbol) are forced to be negative, with respect to output pulse polarity. Figure 2-39. Digitized AMI Pulse Shape TCKO 8TCKO ShapeAddr [060–067] 7 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 0 Shape Data Magnitude 0x00–0x1F Digitized AMI Pulses Positive Pulse 2-74 Conexant No Pulse Negative Pulse N8370DSE Bt8370/8375/8376 2.0 Circuit Description 2.9 Transmit Line Interface Unit Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface The VSET resistor not only provides a bias current to RPLL and TPLL but also controls the height of the transmit pulse. The VSET value can be fine tuned according to the total resistance on the line side. Table 2-23 shows the measured Peak value of the transmit pulse. (Please refer to Figures 4-1 through 4-4 for the recommended front-end circuitry.) Table 2-23. Transmit Pulse 75 Ω Rterm 100 Ω VPk 2.36 LH = 2.96 120 Ω 2.36 SH = 3.16 2.96 LH = 2.96 2.30 SH = 3.12 LH = 2.88 2.28 SH = 3.00 LH = 2.80 SH = 3.04 2.96 2.90 2.84 PTC No No One Two Tx Series Resistance No 2.1 Ω in series with XTIP and XRING 2.1 Ω in series with XTIP and XRING 2.1 Ω in series with XTIP and XRING VSET (Ω) 14 k 14 k 14 k 14 k Tx Termination (Ω) 51.1 51.1 51.1 51.1 NOTE(S): LH refers to Long Haul, and SH refers to Short Haul. The minimum series resistance required with XTIP/XRING is 2.1 Ω . The two 2.1 Ω series resistors, together with the Shottky diodes, are necessary to protect the part against surge voltages of up to 50 V (please refer to Section 4, Applications). The line side protection circuitry should break down the voltage to 50 V so that the chip side protection circuitry (two 2.1 Ω series resistors with Shottky diodes) can protect the part for surge voltages of 50 V or below. N8370DSE Conexant 2-75 Bt8370/8375/8376 2.0 Circuit Description 2.9 Transmit Line Interface Unit Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface 2.9.2 Transmit Phase Lock Loop The Transmit Phase Lock Loop (TPLL) operates at a nominal rate of either 1.544 MHz or 2.048 MHz, selected by T1/E1N [CR0; addr 001]. The pull-in and hold-in range of the TPLL is ±200 ppm. The TPLL produces the transmit clock (TCKO) and an 8x clock that is used by the pulse shape block to generate the AMI pulses from TCKI clock mux, or JCLK. 2.9.2.1 Clock Reference The TPLL reference clock is provided on the TCKO pin. If the jitter attenuator is enabled in the transmit direction [JDIR; addr 002], TCKO is the dejittered TCKI clock, or JCLK (if CLAD is enabled); otherwise, TCKO equals TCKI. The TCKI source is selected by TCKI[1:0] [CMUX; addr 01A]. TCKI can have the following selections: Recovered Receive Clock (RCKO), Receive System Bus Clock Input (RSBCKI), Clock Rate Adapter Output (CLADO), or an external clock, which is provided on the TCKI pin. The input clock jitter tolerance of the TPLL is illustrated in Figure 2-40. Figure 2-40. TPLL Input Clock Jitter Tolerance Sine Wave Jitter Amplitude Peak-to-Peak (UI) [Log Scale] 10 k 1.0 k TPLL 40 dB/Decade 138 UI 100.0 28 UI TR 62411 10.0 2 UI 1.0 0.2 UI 0.1 0.1 1.0 10.0 100.0 1.0 k 10.0 k 100.0 k Sine Wave Jitter Frequency (Hz) [Log Scale] 2-76 Conexant N8370DSE Bt8370/8375/8376 2.0 Circuit Description 2.9 Transmit Line Interface Unit Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface 2.9.2.2 Output Jitter The maximum output jitter generated on XTIP/XRING dependents on the transmit clock source selected. Refer to CLAD and JAT descriptions. 2.9.3 Line Build Out In the Bt8370 long haul device, three LBO filter networks can be enabled in the TLIU to attenuate XTIP/XRING outputs in 7.5 dB steps, per the signal transfer function defined by FCC Part 68 Regulations. (See LBO[1:0] in TLIU_CR.) The number of LBO filters selected is based on the attached cable length. For short line lengths, larger LBO attenuation prevents far-end crosstalk. For longer line lengths, the appropriate line build-out must be selected. The following equation lists the transfer function for each of the 7.5 dB LBO filters: 2 V out n2 S + n1 S + n0 ---------- = -------------------------------------------------------3 2 V in d3 S + d2 S + d1 S + d0 where: n 0 = 1.6049 × 10 6 n 1 = 7.9861 × 10 –1 n 2 = 9.2404 × 10 –8 d 0 = 2.1612 × 10 +6 d 1 = 1.7223 d 2 = 4.575 × 10 –7 d 3 = 3.8307 × 10 – 14 S = j2πf f = frequency ( Hz ) N8370DSE Conexant 2-77 Bt8370/8375/8376 2.0 Circuit Description 2.9 Transmit Line Interface Unit Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface Pulse templates for each of the LBO settings are illustrated in Figure 2-41 through Figure 2-44. Figure 2-41. 0 dB LBO Isolated Pulse Template 3.5 3 Amplitude (Volts) 2.5 2 1.5 1 0.5 0 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 Time (Sec) 3.5 1 1.2 Time (Sec) 1.4 4 4.5 5 -7 x 10 Figure 2-42. 7.5 dB LBO Isolated Pulse Template 1.8 1.6 1.4 Amplitude (Volts) 1.2 1 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0 0 2-78 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 Conexant 1.6 1.8 2 -6 x 10 N8370DSE Bt8370/8375/8376 2.0 Circuit Description 2.9 Transmit Line Interface Unit Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface Figure 2-43. 15.0 dB LBO Isolated Pulse Template 0.9 0.8 0.7 Amplitude (Volts) 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 0 0 0.5 1 1.5 Time (Sec) 2 2.5 3 -6 x 10 Figure 2-44. 22.5 dB LBO Isolated Pulse Template 0.5 0.45 0.4 Amplitude (Volts) 0.35 0.3 0.25 0.2 0.15 0.1 0.05 0 0 N8370DSE 0.5 1 1.5 Time (Sec) Conexant 2 2.5 3 -6 x 10 2-79 Bt8370/8375/8376 2.0 Circuit Description 2.9 Transmit Line Interface Unit Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface 2.9.4 Line Driver The line driver provides current drive to the low-power, bipolar analog signal from the transmit Digital-to-Analog Converter (DAC). The transmit DAC converts the coded pulse shape values to properly scaled, analog bipolar signals which drive the line transformer. The coded pulse shape values can optionally be filtered during T1 Longhaul by LBO filter options. The internal sensing circuits limit the drive current to less than 50 mA when a shorted line condition is detected for more than 48 transmitted pulses. Normal drive levels are restored when the short is removed. Typically, this is caused by a transmit cable short circuit or a transient transmission line current surge. The activation sets the TSHORT bit in Alarm 2 Status register [ALM2; addr 048]. 2.9.4.1 Termination Impedance If an external termination resistor is used, the TERM bit in TLIU_CR must be set. The transformer setting must also be set via the TURNS bit in TLIU_CR. An external termination resistor can be used only if the transformer turns ratio is 1:1.36. The external termination resistor (RTerm) is placed in parallel across XTIP/XRING, as illustrated in Figure 2-45. Figure 2-45. External Termination Resistor Placement 1:N XTIP Bt8370 Cable RLoad RTerm VOUT XRING 2-80 Conexant N8370DSE Bt8370/8375/8376 2.0 Circuit Description 2.9 Transmit Line Interface Unit Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface 2.9.4.2 Return Loss Return loss is the measure of loss in the return path due to an impedance mismatch. To meet a –18 dB transmitter return loss, independent of the cable type, uses a 51.1 Ω termination resistor (see Figure 2-46). To see the effect of different termination resistors on the pulse height, see Figure 2-47. Figure 2-46. Nominal Return Loss Nominal Return Loss for 75, 100, 120 lines, xfmr=1:1.36 0 -10 –18 dB -20 Rl [dB] –31 dB-30 -40 -50 -60 75 100 120 -70 -80 30 N8370DSE 35 40 45 50 55 Rterm [ ] Conexant 60 65 70 75 80 2-81 Bt8370/8375/8376 2.0 Circuit Description 2.9 Transmit Line Interface Unit Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface Figure 2-47. Output Pulse Height versus Transmit Termination Impedance Change in pulse height, normalized to Rterm = 51.1 1.6 1.5 Pulse height [normalized] 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.1 1 0.9 0.8 0.7 0.6 30 2.9.4.3 Output Enable 35 40 45 50 55 Rterm [ ] 60 65 70 75 80 The bipolar analog output XTIP/XRING can be enabled or disabled using the XOE pin. This feature allows switching between multiple XTIP/XRING outputs that are tied together. 2.9.5 Pulse Imbalance In any window of 17 consecutive primary rate cycles, the maximum variation in pulse amplitude in the absence of 60 Hz variations is <200 mV. The maximum variation in pulse width at half amplitude is <20 ns. 2-82 Conexant N8370DSE Bt8370/8375/8376 2.0 Circuit Description 2.10 Microprocessor Interface Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface 2.10 Microprocessor Interface The Microprocessor Interface (MPU) provides the capability to configure the Bt8370, read status registers and counters, and respond to interrupts (see Figure 2-48). The interface supports both the Intel 8051 and Motorola 68000-type processors. In the Intel mode, the address and data are multiplexed; in the Motorola mode, the address and data are separate pins. Both synchronous and asynchronous Read and Write modes are supported. The synchronous mode is optimized for Motorola 68000-type processors with a maximum clock rate of 36 MHz. The asynchronous mode runs internally at 32 MHz, which limits the processor speed to 16 MHz for 8051 processors, and 30 MHz for 68302 processors. The microprocessor interface consists of the following pins: MCLK, MOTO*, SYNCMD, CS*, AS*, DS*, R/W*, DTACK*, AD[7:0], A[8:0], INTR*, CLKMD, ONESEC, RST*. (A detailed description of the MPU pins is provided in Table 1-1, Hardware Signal Definitions.) Figure 2-48. Microprocessor Interface Block Diagram MCLK MOTO* SYNCMD CS* AS* DS* R/W* DTACK* Microprocessor Interface CLKMD AD[7:0] A[8:0] INTR* ONESEC RST* N8370DSE Conexant 2-83 Bt8370/8375/8376 2.0 Circuit Description 2.10 Microprocessor Interface Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface 2.10.1 Address/Data Bus In Non-multiplexed Address mode, A[8:0] provides the address for register access; in Multiplexed Address mode, A[8] and AD[7:0] provide the address. In both modes, the data bytes flow over the shared bidirectional, byte-wide bus, AD[7:0]. 2.10.2 Bus Control Signals Four signals control the operation of the interface port: AS*, CS*, RD*, and R/W*. An additional pin, MOTO*, selects whether the interface signals are of a Motorola or Intel flavor. When MOTO* is low, indicating a Motorola-style interface, CS*, AS*, R/W*, and DS* signals are expected. When MOTO* is high, indicating an Intel-style interface, CS*, ALE, RD*, and WR* signals are expected. When MOTO* is high, the address lines are multiplexed with the data. This pin is usually tied high for Intel devices, and low for Motorola devices. SYNCMD puts the interface into the Synchronous Processor Interface mode. Motorola 68000 processors typically have SYNCMD tied high if MCLK is connected to the MPU clock source, while Intel 8051 processors have SYNCMD tied low (see Table 2-24). Table 2-24. Microprocessor Interface Operating Modes MOTO* SYNCMD CLKMD Description 0 0 0 Asynchronous Motorola, internal clock 0 1 1 Synchronous Motorola, external clock 1 0 0 Asynchronous Intel, internal clock 1 1 1 Synchronous Intel, external clock 2.10.3 Interrupt Requests The INTR* output is an active low, open-drain type output which allows the interrupt request line from multiple devices to connect to a common microprocessor interrupt request line. All the Bt8370/8375/8376 interrupts are requested on this pin. However, each interrupt source can be individually enabled or disabled. Interrupts are associated with three types of microprocessor interface registers: • Interrupt Enable register—a 1 in a given bit of IER[7:0] enables the corresponding interrupt, a 0 (initial condition) disables it. • Interrupt Status register [ISR; 7:0]—events are latched into these registers whether the corresponding interrupt enable bit is set or not. The processor must read the ISR registers to clear all latched bits. • Interrupt Request register [IRR; addr 003]—reading this register along with the corresponding ISR register, the microprocessor can determine the cause of an interrupt. Active interrupts are indicated by bits that are high. Inactive interrupts are indicated by bits that are low. Reading from IRR clears the entire register; writing has no effect. 2-84 Conexant N8370DSE Bt8370/8375/8376 2.0 Circuit Description 2.10 Microprocessor Interface Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface 2.10.4 Device Reset The Bt8370/8375/8376 contains three reset methods: internal power-on reset (POR), hardware reset which uses the RST* pin, and software reset which uses the RESET bit in register CR0 [addr 001]. All three methods result in device outputs placed in a high-impedance state and configuration registers set to default values as shown in Table 3-1, Address Map. In all reset methods, both REFCLK and MCLK (internal or external) must be present during the reset process for proper operation. MCLK (internal or external) performs the actual register initialization. Therefore, if the CLKMD pin is connected high to enable external MCLK, the external MCLK must be applied during reset, and if the CLKMD pin is low during reset, the internal clock (33 MHz) is used. After hardware reset, software reset, or internal power-on reset, the microprocessor must initialize Bt8370/8375/8376 control registers and buffer memory registers to the desired state. 2.10.4.1 Power-On Reset (POR) An internal POR process is initiated during power-up. When VDD has reached approximately 3 V, the internal reset process begins and continues for 2048 REFCLK cycles (approximately 205 µs) if REFCLK is applied. If REFCLK is not present, the Bt8370/8375/8376 remains in the reset state and does not terminate until detecting 2048 REFCLK cycles have been detected. The RESET bit in register CR0 [addr 001] can be monitored to determine when POR is complete. MCLK (internal or external) must be present during the POR concurrent with REFCLK to allow register initialization. The LOOP register [addr 014] is not reset during power-on reset or internal reset so the device may occasionally power-on in a loopback state. If this occurs, several other registers (e.g., several IER registers) may not properly reset to their default values. To avoid this, after power-on or hardware reset, write the Loop register to 0 and then initiate a software reset using the RESET bit in the Primary Control register [CR0; addr 001]. After this procedure, all default registers have their default values. XOE needs to be disabled during the power-on reset period and re-enabled after configuring the part. The device must not be in Framer Loopback State when the software reset is written. 2.10.4.2 Hardware Reset Hardware Reset is initiated by bringing the RST* pin active (low) for a minimum of 4 µs. If CLKMD is high (using external MCLK), external MCLK must be present while RST* is low to allow register initialization. After RST* is deactivated, the internal reset process continues for 5 µs, and register access must be avoided. The RESET bit in register CR0 [addr 001] can be monitored to determine when the reset process is complete. 2.10.4.3 Software Reset Software Reset is initiated by writing the RESET bit [register CR0; addr 001] to 0, delaying at least 6 µs, then writing RESET to 1. Once initiated, the reset process continues for 15 µs maximum and register access must be avoided. The RESET bit can be monitored to determine when the reset process has completed. As with the other reset methods, both REFCLK and MCLK (internal or external) must be present during the reset process. N8370DSE Conexant 2-85 Bt8370/8375/8376 2.0 Circuit Description 2.11 Loopbacks Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface 2.11 Loopbacks Bt8370/8375/8376 provides a complete set of loopbacks for diagnostics, maintenance, and troubleshooting. 2.11.1 Remote Line Loopback The remote line loopback loops the RCVR inputs to the XMTR outputs. The loopback provides BPV transparency and the ability to override the looped data with AIS. The RCVR data path is not affected by the activation of this loopback. Remote line loopback is activated by setting the Remote Line Loopback (LLOOP) bit in the Loopback Configuration register [LOOP; addr 014]. It is possible to operate the remote line loopback simultaneously with the local framer loopback. If receive jitter attenuator is also enabled, RJAT is placed in the line loopback path. TJAT, if enabled, is not present in the line loopback path. 2.11.2 Remote Payload Loopback The remote payload loopback loops all DS0 channels from the RCVR input to the XMTR output. Loopback payload retains time slot integrity, such that numbered time slots from each receive frame are transferred to same numbered time slots in the transmit frame. Transmit overhead bits—F-bits in T1 mode or TS0 in E1 mode—are supplied by the transmit frame formatter or by the TSB, depending on TFRM [addr 072] settings. Existing transmit frame alignment and clock timing are not altered by [PLOOP; addr 014] activation or deactivation, allowing system operation with independent receive and transmit timing. Controlled frame slips are performed in the payload loopback path if receive and transmit clocks are asynchronous, although these slips are not reported to the processor as slip buffer errors. Multiframe integrity is not maintained during PLOOP; therefore, DS0 and signaling channel loopbacks [TPCn; addr 100–11F] must be used to implement payload loopback if transparent or forced signaling is desired. PLOOP does not override by transmit per-channel remote loopback selection (TLOOP bit in TPCn). 2.11.3 Remote Per-Channel Loopbacks The remote per-channel loopback loops the RCVR input DS0 channel to the XMTR output DS0 channel. The remote per-channel loopback is activated by setting TLOOP in the Transmit Per-Channel Control register [TPC0 to TPC31; addr 100 to 11F]. 2-86 Conexant N8370DSE Bt8370/8375/8376 2.0 Circuit Description 2.11 Loopbacks Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface 2.11.4 Local Analog Loopback RLIU provides a local analog loopback to internally route bipolar data from XTIP/XRING to RTIP/RRING. In the local analog loopback mode, externally applied data on RTIP/RRING inputs is ignored, and XTIP/XRING output data is unaffected. The local analog loopback is configured using the ALOOP bit in the Loopback Configuration register [LOOP; addr 014]. If RCKO is selected as the TCKI clock source [CMUX; addr 01A], an alternate transmit clock source must be provided when this loopback is activated. Possible configurations include selecting the TCKI pin or CLADO as the transmit clock source, or programming the JAT in the transmit direction and setting JFREE to enable the free-running 10 MHz reference [JAT_CR register; addr 002]. After activating or deactivating this loopback, the RLIU must be reset using RST_LIU in the LIU Configuration register [LIU_CR; addr 020]. The transmitter outputs must connect to a cable termination or a transmit termination resistor for local analog loopback to pass bipolar signals. If no cable and no resistor termination are supplied, then ALOOP cannot pass bipolar signals to RTIP/RRING. 2.11.5 Local Framer Loopback The local framer loopback loops the transmit line encoder outputs to the receive line encoder inputs. The TLIU output is not affected by the activation of this loopback. The local framer loopback is activated by setting the Local Framer Loopback (FLOOP) bit in the Loopback Configuration register [LOOP; addr 014]. If RCKO is selected as the TCKI clock source [CMUX; addr 01A], then an alternate transmit clock source must be provided when this loopback is activated. Possible configurations include selecting the TCKI pin or CLADO as the transmit clock source, or programming the JAT in the transmit direction and setting JFREE to enable the free running 10 MHz reference [JAT_CR register; addr 002]. It is possible to operate the local framer loopback simultaneously with the remote line loopback. If transmit jitter attenuator is also enabled, TJAT is placed in the framer loopback path. RJAT, if enabled, is not present in the framer loopback path. 2.11.6 Local Per-Channel Loopback The local per-channel loopback loops the TSB PCM and signaling inputs to the RSB PCM and signaling outputs on a per-channel basis. The local per-channel PCM loopback is activated by setting RLOOP in the System Bus Per-Channel Control registers [SBC0 to SBC31; addr 0E0 to 0FF]. The local per-channel signaling loopback is activated by setting SIG_LP in System Bus Per-Channel Control registers. N8370DSE Conexant 2-87 Bt8370/8375/8376 2.0 Circuit Description 2.12 Joint Test Access Group Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface 2.12 Joint Test Access Group The Bt8370/8375/8376 incorporates printed circuit board testability circuits in compliance with IEEE Std. P1149.1a–1993, IEEE Standard Test Access Port and Boundary–Scan Architecture, commonly known as JTAG (Joint Test Action Group). The JTAG includes a Test Access Port (TAP) and several data registers. The TAP provides a standard interface through which instructions and test data are communicated (see Figure 2-49). A Boundary Scan Description Language (BSDL) file for the Bt8370/8375/8376 is available from the factory upon request. The test access port consists of the TDI, TCK, TMS, and TDO pins. An internal power on reset circuit resets the JTAG port. Figure 2-49. JTAG Diagram TCK TMS JTAG Port TDI TDO 2.12.1 Instructions In addition to the required BYPASS, SAMPLE/PRELOAD, and EXTEST instructions, IDCODE instruction is supported. There are also two private instructions. Table 2-25 lists the JTAG instructions, and their codes. Table 2-25. JTAG Instructions 2-88 Instruction Code BYPASS 111 111 SAMPLE/PRELOAD 000 001 EXTEST 000 000 IDCODE 000 010 Private xxx xxx Private xxx xxx Conexant N8370DSE Bt8370/8375/8376 2.0 Circuit Description 2.12 Joint Test Access Group Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface 2.12.2 Device Identification Register The JTAG ID register consists of a 4-bit version, a 16-bit part number, and an 11-bit manufacturer number (see Tables 2-26 through 2-28). Table 2-26. Bt8370/8375/8376 Device Identification JTAG Register Version(1) 1 0 0 Part Number 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 Manufacturer ID 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 0x8 0x8370 0x0D6 4 bits 16 bits 11 bits 0 1 1 0 1 TDO NOTE(S): (1) Consult factory for current version number. Table 2-27. Bt8375 Device Identification JTAG Register Version(1) 0 1 0 Part Number 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 Manufacturer ID 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 0x8 0x8375 0x0D6 4 bits 16 bits 11 bits 0 1 1 0 1 TDO NOTE(S): (1) Consult factory for current version number. Table 2-28. Bt8376 Device Identification JTAG Register Version(1) 0 1 0 Part Number 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 Manufacturer ID 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 0x8 0x8376 0x0D6 4 bits 16 bits 11 bits 0 1 1 0 1 TDO NOTE(S): (1) Consult factory for current version number. N8370DSE Conexant 2-89 Bt8370/8375/8376 2.0 Circuit Description 2.12 Joint Test Access Group 2-90 Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface Conexant N8370DSE 3 3.0 Registers Registers shown with a default setting are reset to the indicated value following power-up, software RESET (CR0; addr 001), or hardware reset (RST* pin). Refer to Table 3-1. 3.1 Address Map Interrupt Status Global Block Table 3-1. Address Map (1 of 8) Default Register Setting Address (Hex) Acronym 000 DID R 001 CR0 002 R/W Description Bt8370 Bt8375 Bt8376 Device Identification 08 58 68 R/W Primary Control register 00 00 00 JAT_CR R/W Jitter Attenuator Configuration 00 00 00 003 IRR R Interrupt Request register — — — 004 ISR7 R Alarm 1 Interrupt Status — — — 005 ISR6 R Alarm 2 Interrupt Status — — — 006 ISR5 R Error Interrupt Status — — — 007 ISR4 R Counter Overflow Interrupt Status — — — 008 ISR3 R Timer Interrupt Status — — — 009 ISR2 R Data Link 1 Interrupt Status — — — 00A ISR1 R Data Link 2 Interrupt Status — — — 00B ISR0 R Pattern Interrupt Status — — — N8370DSE Conexant 3-1 Bt8370/8375/8376 3.0 Registers 3.1 Address Map Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface Primary Interrupt Enable Block Table 3-1. Address Map (2 of 8) 3-2 Default Register Setting Address (Hex) Acronym 00C IER7 R/W 00D IER6 00E R/W Description Bt8370 Bt8375 Bt8376 Alarm 1 Interrupt Enable register 00 00 00 R/W Alarm 2 Interrupt Enable register 00 00 00 IER5 R/W Error Interrupt Enable register 00 00 00 00F IER4 R/W Count Overflow Interrupt Enable register 00 00 00 010 IER3 R/W Timer Interrupt Enable register 00 00 00 011 IER2 R/W Data Link 1 Interrupt Enable register 00 00 00 012 IER1 R/W Data Link 2 Interrupt Enable register 00 00 00 013 IER0 R/W Pattern Interrupt Enable register 00 00 00 014 LOOP R/W Loopback Configuration register — — — 015 DL3_TS R/W External Data Link Channel — — — 016 DL3_BIT R/W External Data Link Bit — — — 017 FSTAT R Offline Framer Status — — — 018 PIO R/W Programmable Input/Output 00 00 00 019 POE R/W Programmable Output Enable 3F 3F 3F 01A CMUX R/W Clock Input Mux 00 00 00 01B TMUX R/W Test Mux Configuration 00 00 00 01C TEST R/W Test Configuration 00 00 00 Conexant N8370DSE Bt8370/8375/8376 3.0 Registers 3.1 Address Map Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface Digital Receiver (RCVR) Receive LIU (RLIU) Block Table 3-1. Address Map (3 of 8) Default Register Setting Address (Hex) Acronym 020 LIU_CR R/W 021 RSTAT R 022 RLIU_CR 023 R/W Description Bt8370 Bt8375 Bt8376 LIU Configuration 00 00 00 Receive LIU Status — — — R/W Receive LIU Configuration 31 31 31 LPF R/W RPLL Low Pass Filter 33 33 33 024 VGA_MAX R/W Variable Gain Amplifier Maximum 3F 2F 2F 025 EQ_DAT R/W Equalizer Coefficient Data register — — — 026 EQ_PTR R/W Equalizer Coefficient Table Pointer — — — 027 DSLICE R/W Data Slicer Threshold BA BA BA 028 EQ_OUT R/W Equalizer Output Levels DA DA DA 029 VGA R Variable Gain Amplifier Status — — — 02A PRE_EQ R/W Pre-Equalizer 26 26 26 030–037 COEFF R LMS Adjusted Equalizer Coefficient Status — — — 038–03C GAIN R/W Equalizer Gain Thresholds 16, 1F, 21, 24, 26 16, 1F, 21, 24, 26 16, 1F, 21, 24, 26 040 RCR0 R/W Receiver Configuration — — — 041 RPATT R/W Receive Test Pattern Configuration — — — 042 RLB R/W Receive Loopback Code Detector Configuration — — — 043 LBA R/W Loopback Activate Code Pattern — — — 044 LBD R/W Loopback Deactivate Code Pattern — — — 045 RALM R/W Receive Alarm Signal Configuration — — — 046 LATCH R/W Alarm/Error/Counter Latch Configuration — — — 047 ALM1 R Alarm 1 Status — — — 048 ALM2 R Alarm 2 Status — — — 049 ALM3 R Alarm 3 Status — — — N8370DSE Conexant 3-3 Bt8370/8375/8376 3.0 Registers 3.1 Address Map Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface Default Register Setting Address (Hex) Acronym 050 FERR R 051 FERR 052 R/W 3-4 Description Bt8370 Bt8375 Bt8376 Framing Bit Error Counter LSB — — — R Framing Bit Error Counter MSB — — — CERR R CRC Error Counter LSB — — — 053 CERR R CRC Error Counter MSB — — — 054 LCV R Line Code Violation Counter LSB — — — 055 LCV R Line Code Violation Counter MSB — — — 056 FEBE R Far End Block Error Counter LSB — — — 057 FEBE R Far End Block Error Counter MSB — — — 058 BERR R PRBS Bit Error Counter LSB — — — 059 BERR R PRBS Bit Error Counter MSB — — — 05B RSA4 R Receive Sa4 Byte Buffer — — — 05C RSA5 R Receive Sa5 Byte Buffer — — — 05D RSA6 R Receive Sa6 Byte Buffer — — — 05E RSA7 R Receive Sa7 Byte Buffer — — — 05F RSA8 R Receive Sa8 Byte Buffer — — — 060–067 SHAPE R/W Transmit Pulse Shape Configuration 15, 14, 14, 14, 6, 4, 2, 1 15, 14, 14, 14, 6, 4, 2, 1 15, 14, 14, 14, 6, 4, 2, 1 068 TLIU_CR R/W Transmit LIU Configuration 01 01 01 TLIU Receive Sa-Byte Error/Alarm Counters Block Table 3-1. Address Map (4 of 8) Conexant N8370DSE Bt8370/8375/8376 3.0 Registers 3.1 Address Map Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface BOP CLAD Transmit Sa-Byte Digital Transmitter (XMTR) Block Table 3-1. Address Map (5 of 8) Default Register Setting Address (Hex) Acronym 070 TCR0 R/W 071 TCR1 072 R/W Description Bt8370 Bt8375 Bt8376 Transmit Framer Configuration — — — R/W Transmitter Configuration — — — TFRM R/W Transmit Frame Format — — — 073 TERROR R/W Transmit Error Insert — — — 074 TMAN R/W Transmit Manual Sa-Byte/FEBE Configuration — — — 075 TALM R/W Transmit Alarm Signal Configuration — — — 076 TPATT R/W Transmit Test Pattern Configuration — — — 077 TLB R/W Transmit Inband Loopback Code Configuration — — — 078 LBP R/W Transmit In-Band Loopback Code Pattern — — — 07B TSA4 R/W Transmit Sa4 Byte Buffer — — — 07C TSA5 R/W Transmit Sa5 Byte Buffer — — — 07D TSA6 R/W Transmit Sa6 Byte Buffer — — — 07E TSA7 R/W Transmit Sa7 Byte Buffer — — — 07F TSA8 R/W Transmit Sa8 Byte Buffer — — — 090 CLAD_CR R/W Clock Rate Adapter Configuration 07 07 07 091 CSEL R/W CLAD Frequency Select 01 01 01 092 CPHASE R/W CLAD Phase Detector Scale Factor 00 00 00 093 CTEST R/W CLAD Test 00 00 00 0A0 BOP R/W Bit Oriented Protocol Transceiver 00 00 00 0A1 TBOP R/W Transmit BOP Code Word 00 00 00 0A2 RBOP R Receive BOP Code Word — — — 0A3 BOP_STAT R BOP Status — — — N8370DSE Conexant 3-5 Bt8370/8375/8376 3.0 Registers 3.1 Address Map Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface Test Data Link #2 Data Link #1 Block Table 3-1. Address Map (6 of 8) 3-6 Default Register Setting Address (Hex) Acronym 0A4 DL1_TS R/W 0A5 DL1_BIT 0A6 R/W Description Bt8370 Bt8375 Bt8376 DL1 Time Slot Enable 00 00 00 R/W DL1 Bit Enable 00 00 00 DL1_CTL R/W DL1 Control 00 00 00 0A7 RDL1_FFC R/W RDL #1 FIFO Fill Control 00 00 00 0A8 RDL1 R Receive Data Link FIFO #1 — — — 0A9 RDL1_STAT R RDL #1 Status — — — 0AA PRM R/W Performance Report Message 00 00 00 0AB TDL1_FEC R/W TDL #1 FIFO Empty Control 00 00 00 0AC TDL1_EOM W TDL #1 End Of Message Control — — — 0AD TDL1 R/W Transmit Data Link FIFO #1 — — — 0AE TDL1_STAT R TDL #1 Status — — — 0AF DL2_TS R/W DL2 Time Slot Enable 00 00 N/A 0B0 DL2_BIT R/W DL2 Bit Enable 00 00 N/A 0B1 DL2_CTL R/W DL2 Control 00 00 N/A 0B2 RDL2_FFC R/W RDL #2 FIFO Fill Control 00 00 N/A 0B3 RDL2 R Receive Data Link FIFO #2 — — — 0B4 RDL2_STAT R RDL #2 Status — — — 0B6 TDL2_FEC R/W TDL #2 FIFO Empty Control 00 00 N/A 0B7 TDL2_EOM W TDL #2 End Of Message Control — — — 0B8 TDL2 R/W Transmit Data Link FIFO #2 — — — 0B9 TDL2_STAT R TDL #2 Status — — — 0BA DL_TEST1 R/W DLINK Test Configuration 00 00 00 0BB DL_TEST2 R/W DLINK Test Status 00 00 00 0BC DL_TEST3 R/W DLINK Test Status 00 00 00 0BD DL_TEST4 R/W DLINK Test Control #1 or Configuration #2 00 00 00 0BE DL_TEST5 R/W DLINK Test Control #2 or Configuration #2 00 00 00 Conexant N8370DSE Bt8370/8375/8376 3.0 Registers 3.1 Address Map Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface System Bus Interface (SBI) Block Table 3-1. Address Map (7 of 8) Default Register Setting Address (Hex) Acronym 0D0 SBI_CR R/W 0D1 RSB_CR 0D2 R/W Description Bt8370 Bt8375 Bt8376 System Bus Interface Configuration 00 00 00 R/W Receive System Bus Configuration 00 00 00 RSYNC_BIT R/W Receive System Bus Sync Bit Offset — — — 0D3 RSYNC_TS R/W Receive System Bus Sync Time Slot Offset — — — 0D4 TSB_CR R/W Transmit System Bus Configuration 00 00 00 0D5 TSYNC_BIT R/W Transmit System Bus Sync Bit Offset — — — 0D6 TSYNC_TS R/W Transmit System Bus Sync Time Slot Offset — — — 0D7 RSIG_CR R/W Receive Signaling Configuration — — — 0D8 RSYNC_FRM R/W Signaling Reinsertion Frame Offset — — — 0D9 SSTAT R Slip Buffer Status — — — 0DA STACK R Receive Signaling Stack — — — 0DB RPHASE R RSLIP Phase Status — — — 0DC TPHASE R TSLIP Phase Status — — — 0DD PERR R RAM Parity Status — — — 0E0–0FF SBCn: n = 0 to 31 R/W System Bus Per-Channel Control — — — N8370DSE Conexant 3-7 Bt8370/8375/8376 3.0 Registers 3.1 Address Map Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface Buffer Memory Block Table 3-1. Address Map (8 of 8) 3-8 Address (Hex) Default Register Setting Acronym R/W Description Bt8370 Bt8375 Bt8376 100–11F TPCn: n = 0 to 31 R/W Transmit Per-Channel Control — — — 120–13F TSIGn: n = 0 to 31 R/W Transmit Signaling Buffer — — — 140–15F TSLIP_LOn: n = 0 to 31 R/W Transmit PCM Slip Buffer — — — 160–17F TSLIP_HIn: n = 0 to 31 R/W Transmit PCM Slip Buffer — — — 180–19F RPCn: n = 0 to 31 R/W Receive Per-Channel Control — — — 1A0–1BF RSIGn: n = 0 to 31 R/W Receive Signaling Buffer — — — 1C0–1DF RSLIP_LOn: n = 0 to 31 R/W Receive PCM Slip Buffer — — — 1E0–1FF RSLIP_HIn: n = 0 to 31 R/W Receive PCM Slip Buffer — — — Conexant N8370DSE Bt8370/8375/8376 3.0 Registers 3.2 Global Control and Status Registers Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface 3.2 Global Control and Status Registers Unused bits indicated by a dash (—) are reserved and should be written to 0. Writing to reserved bits has no effect. 000—Device Identification (DID) Read only value. 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 DID[7] DID[6] DID[5] DID[4] DID[3] DID[2] DID[1] DID[0] DID[7:4] Device ID—A value of 0x0 indicates Bt8370. A value of 0x5 indicates the Bt8375. A value of 0x6 indicates the Bt8376. DID[3:0] Device Revision—A value of 0x8 indicates the current revision. Prior revisions are obsolete. 001—Primary Control Register (CR0) 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 RESET — — RFRAME[3] RFRAME[2] RFRAME[1] RFRAME[0] T1/E1N RESET Device Reset—Active-high indicates a device reset is in progress. The device reset is initiated by a power-on reset, a software reset, or a hardware reset (RST* pin is active low). RESET can be monitored to determine when the reset process is complete. To initiate a software reset, the processor must first write RESET to 0, then delay at least 6 µs, then write RESET to 1. Once initiated, the reset process continues for 15 µs maximum, and causes the Bt8370/8375/8376 to initialize certain control registers to their default settings, as shown in Table 3-1, Address Map. The processor must not write to these registers until RESET returns low, although other non-default registers can be processor-initialized while RESET is active. To avoid non-compliant line rate or pulse shape transmissions during the reset process, the system can three-state the transmit line driver by holding the XOE pin inactive (low). After the reset process, the following is true: System bus outputs RSIGO, RPCMO, and SIGFRZO are three-stated. Interrupt INTR* output is disabled. Programmable I/O pins are configured as inputs: RFSYNC, RMSYNC, TFSYNC, TMSYNC, TNEGI/TDLCLKO, and ONESEC. 4. CONEXANT production test modes are disabled. 1. 2. 3. N8370DSE Conexant 3-9 Bt8370/8375/8376 3.0 Registers 3.2 Global Control and Status Registers RFRAME[3:0] Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface Receiver Framer mode—Establishes the offline framer's search criteria for recovery of frame alignment (reframe). Also works in conjunction with the RLOFA–RLOFD bits [addr 040] to establish the online framer's criteria for loss of frame alignment. Refer to Table A-1, Superframe Format through Table A-1, Superframe Format to find which frame bits are monitored, and refer to Table 2-3, Criteria for Loss/Recovery of Receive Framer Alignment for frame alignment loss/recovery criteria during the selected mode. Mode descriptions are listed in Table 3-2. The online framer’s SF, SLC, CAS, and MFAS criteria for loss/recovery of multiframe alignment is also selected by RFRAME[3:0]. Table 3-2. Receive Framer Modes T1/E1N 3-10 RFRAME[3:0] T1/E1N Receive Framer Mode 000X 0 FAS Only 001X 0 FAS Only + BSLIP 010X 0 FAS + CRC 011X 0 FAS + CRC + BSLIP 100X 0 FAS + CAS 101X 0 FAS + CAS + BSLIP 110X 0 FAS + CRC + CAS 111X 0 FAS + CRC + CAS + BSLIP 0000 1 FT Only 0001 1 ESF + No CRC (FPS only) 0100 1 SF 0101 1 SF + JYEL 0110 1 SF + T1DM 1000 1 SLC + FSLOF 1001 1 SLC 1100 1 ESF + Mimic CRC 1101 1 ESF + Force CRC Global T1/E1 Select—Affects all Bt8370/8375/8376 functions by enabling receive and transmit circuits to operate at either the T1 or E1 line rate. The processor must reinitialize all control register settings after changing the T1/E1N control bit. T1/E1N selects the nominal line rate (shown below), while the exact receive and transmit line rate frequencies are independently determined by their respective input clock or data references. The actual receive and transmit line frequency can vary within defined tolerances. 0 = 2.048 MHz line rate (E1) 1 = 1.544 MHz line rate (T1) Conexant N8370DSE Bt8370/8375/8376 3.0 Registers 3.2 Global Control and Status Registers Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface 002—Jitter Attenuator Configuration (JAT_CR) The processor writes JAT_CR register at power-up, activating the JAUTO and JCENTER bits to initialize the jitter attenuator elastic store. The processor can maximize jitter tolerance by repeating JCENTER after recovering from an error [CKERR; addr 006] on the JAT input clock reference. JAT elastic store automatically recenters upon detection of an elastic store limit error [JERR; addr 006]. 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 JEN JFREE JDIR JAUTO JCENTER JSIZE[2] JSIZE[1] JSIZE[0] JEN Jitter Attenuator Enable—JCLK and CLADO are locked to the timing reference selected. The reference frequency can operate at T1 or E1 line rates, or at any rate supported by the clock rate adapter. See RSCALE[2:0] [addr 092] for selecting the timing reference frequency. CEN JEN JFREE JDIR 0 0 1 X REFCKI—Free running 10 MHz clock 0 1 1 0 REFCKI—Free running 10 MHz clock with transmit JAT 0 1 1 1 REFCKI—Free running 10 MHz clock with receive JAT 0 1 0 0 TXCLK—TCKI or ACKI per [AISCLK; addr 068] 0 1 0 1 RXCLK—RPLL or RCKI per [RDIGI; addr 020] 1 0 0 X CLADI—System clock, bypass JAT elastic store 1 1 0 0 CLADI—System clock with transmit JAT 1 1 0 1 CLADI—System clock with receive JAT NOTE: CLADO/JCLK Reference JCLK always operates at T1 or E1 line rate selected by [T1/E1N; addr 001]. JFREE Free-Running JCLK and CLADO—Disables both CLADI and JAT phase detectors in the clock rate adapter, which forces the Numerical Controlled Oscillator (NCO) to free-run based on the 10 MHz REFCKI input clock accuracy. When JFREE is active, JEN and JDIR select jitter attenuator direction. 0 = normal (closed loop) CLAD/JAT operation 1 = free run (open loop) NCO operation JDIR Select JAT Direction—Applicable only when the jitter attenuator is enabled (see JEN description). JAT elastic store is placed in either the receive or transmit direction, and JCLK is placed on RCKO or TCKO pin according to JDIR selection. 0 = JAT in TX direction, JCLK output on TCKO 1 = JAT in RX direction, JCLK output on RCKO N8370DSE Conexant 3-11 Bt8370/8375/8376 3.0 Registers 3.2 Global Control and Status Registers Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface JAUTO Enable JCLK Acceleration—When active, the jitter attenuated output clock (JCLK) phase is accelerated (added or subtracted) if the elastic store depth is within 1 Unit Interval (UI) of its limit. JCLK frequency is increased if the depth is within 1 UI of overflow, or decreased if the depth is within 1 UI of under-run. JAUTO does not affect JAT operation during other depth conditions. The amount of JCLK acceleration is proportional to the proximity of the elastic store limit, quantized in 0.125 UI steps. The JCLK phase is accelerated in 5 ns increments for each quantized step, to a total of 40 ns (maximum 0.08 UI output jitter). JAUTO expands the JAT loop bandwidth during near-limit conditions and allows JCLK to remain frequency-locked during an instantaneous reference clock switchover. Clock acceleration (±) is reported in CKERR interrupt [addr 006] and CPDERR [addr 021] status. JAUTO cannot prevent elastic store data errors [JERR; addr 006] if an invalid, out-of-frequency range clock is applied on the JAT reference input. If JCLK is programmed to free-run (JFREE), the processor must disable JAUTO. The processor can optionally disable JAUTO to prevent unnecessary clock acceleration when JCLK references CLADI, or during RLOS, RALOS, or TLOC error conditions. 0 = no acceleration 1 = enable JCLK acceleration JCENTER Force JAT to Center (not auto clear)—Writing a 1 and then a 0 to JCENTER resets the elastic store write pointer and forces the elastic store read pointer to 1-half the programmed JSIZE. The processor writes JCENTER at power-up. Depending upon which JAT reference is selected, the processor can optionally assert JCENTER after recovery from a loss of signal (RLOS or RALOS) or in response to a transmit loss of clock (TLOC), or after recovering from a persistent clock error (CKERR). 0 = normal operation 1 = recenter JAT elastic store JSIZE[2:0] JAT Elastic Store Size—Selects the maximum depth of JAT elastic store. The 32-bit depth is sufficient to meet jitter attenuation requirements in all cases where JAT cutoff frequency is programmed at 6 Hz and the selected clock reference is frequency-locked. However, in cases where an external reference is selected or a narrow loop bandwidth is programmed, the elastic store depth can tolerate up to ±64 Unit Intervals (128 bits) of accumulated phase offset. 3-12 JSIZE Elastic Store Size 000 8 Bits 001 16 Bits 010 32 Bits 011 64 Bits 1xx 128 Bits Conexant N8370DSE Bt8370/8375/8376 3.0 Registers 3.3 Interrupt Control Register Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface 3.3 Interrupt Control Register Unused bits indicated by a dash (—) are reserved and should be written to 0. Writing to reserved bits has no effect. 003—Interrupt Request Register (IRR) An IRR bit is latched active (high) and the INTR* output pin is latched active (low) whenever an enabled interrupt source reports an interrupt event in the corresponding Interrupt Status register [ISR7–ISR0; addr 004–00B]. IRR and INTR* are latched until the corresponding ISR register is read by the processor. Reading ISR clears the respective IRR bit, independent of clearing ISR bits; therefore, persistently active ISR bits do not assert INTR*. All IRR bits are logically OR'ed to activate INTR*, so the processor must read IRR = 00 before exiting its interrupt service routine in order to confirm that the INTR* output has been de-asserted. 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 ALARM1 ALARM2 ERROR COUNT TIMER DL1 DL2 PATT ALARM1 Alarm 1 Interrupt Request—Indicates 1 or more receiver errors. The processor reads ISR7 [addr 004] to locate the specific source. 0 = no event 1 = active interrupt request ALARM2 Alarm 2 Interrupt Request—Indicates 1-second timer expiration, or detection of 1 or more transmitter errors or inband loopback codeword. The processor reads ISR6 [addr 005] to locate the specific source. 0 = no event 1 = active interrupt request ERROR Error Interrupt—Indicates 1 or more errors detected by the receive framer, JAT, CLAD, RSLIP, or TSLIP circuits. The processor reads ISR5 [addr 006] to locate the specific source. 0 = no event 1 = active interrupt request COUNT Counter Overflow Interrupt—Indicates 1 or more error counts [addr 050–05A] have issued an overflow interrupt. The processor reads ISR4 [addr 007] to locate the specific source. 0 = no event 1 = active interrupt request TIMER Timer Interrupt Request—Indicates the transmit, receive, or system bus timebase has reached a frame count terminus, or the receive signaling stack [STACK; addr 0DA] has been updated with new signaling during the prior multiframe. The processor reads ISR3 [addr 008] to locate the specific source. 0 = no event 1 = active interrupt request DL1 Data Link Controller 1 or BOP Transmit—Indicates a transmit or receive interrupt issued by DL1 or BOP transceiver has begun transmitting a priority codeword from TBOP [addr 0A1]. The processor reads ISR2 [addr 009] to locate the specific source. 0 = no event 1 = active interrupt request N8370DSE Conexant 3-13 Bt8370/8375/8376 3.0 Registers 3.3 Interrupt Control Register Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface DL2 Data Link Controller 2 or BOP Receive—Indicates a transmit or receive interrupt issued by DL2 or BOP transceiver has received a valid priority codeword and updated RBOP [addr 0A2]. The processor reads ISR1 [addr 00A] to locate the specific source. 0 = no event 1 = active interrupt request PATT PRBS Pattern or Transmit Framer Error—Indicates detection of PRBS test pattern sync, or detection of 1 or more transmit frame alignment pattern errors. The processor reads ISR0 [addr 00B] to locate the specific source. 0 = no event 1 = active interrupt request 3-14 Conexant N8370DSE Bt8370/8375/8376 3.0 Registers 3.4 Interrupt Status Registers Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface 3.4 Interrupt Status Registers Unused bits indicated by a dash (—) are reserved and should be written to 0. Writing to reserved bits has no effect. An Interrupt Status register (ISR) bit is latched active (high) whenever its corresponding interrupt source reports an interrupt event. The processor reads ISR to clear all latched ISR bits. If the corresponding interrupt enable is active (high), each interrupt event forces the associated IRR bit active (high) and the INTR* output pin active (low). Interrupt sources fall into two categories: • Rising-edge source reports an interrupt event when status changes from inactive to active state. Unless specifically noted otherwise, all ISR bits are rising-edge sources. • Dual-edge source reports an interrupt event when status changes from inactive to active (rising edge), or from active to inactive (falling edge). The processor must read the associated real-time status to determine which edge occurred. Interrupt events are reported in real time on the INTR* output pin if the interrupt enable is active (high). Otherwise, the interrupt status is latched and reported according to the selected latching mode [LATCH; addr 046] without asserting the INTR* output pin. Table 3-3 summarizes the interrupt status registers. Table 3-3. Interrupt Status Register Summary Bit 004 ISR7 ALARM1 005 ISR6 ALARM2 006 ISR5 ERROR 007 ISR4 COUNT 008 ISR3 TIMER 009 ISR2 DL1 00A ISR1 DL2 00B ISR0 PATT 0 SIGFRZ ONESEC FERR FERR[12] RFRAME TMSG TMSG(1) TFERR 1 RLOF TLOF MERR CRC[10] RMF TNEAR TNEAR(1) TMERR 2 RLOS — SERR LCV[16] RMSYNC TEMPTY TEMPTY(1) TSERR 3 RALOS TLOC CERR FEBE[10] RSIG TDLERR TDLERR(1) TCERR 4 RAIS TSHORT JERR BERR[12] TFRAME RMSG RMSG(1) PSYNC 5 RPDV TPDV CKERR SEF[2] TMF RNEAR RNEAR(1) BSLIP 6 RYEL LOOPUP RSLIP COFA[2] TMSYNC RFULL RFULL(1) — 7 RMYEL LOOPDN TSLIP RLOF[4] TSIG TBOP RBOP — NOTE(S): (1) These bits are not active in the Bt8376 Device. N8370DSE Conexant 3-15 Bt8370/8375/8376 3.0 Registers 3.4 Interrupt Status Registers Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface 004—Alarm 1 Interrupt Status (ISR7) All events reported in ISR7 are from dual-edge sources, except Receive Pulse Density Violation [RPDV]. Any transition of real-time status in Alarm 1 Status register [ALM1; addr 047] forces the corresponding ISR7 status bit active (high). Active-high status is latched and held according to the LATCH_ALM bit [addr 046]. Each event triggers an interrupt if the corresponding IER7 bit is enabled [addr 00C]. 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 RMYEL RYEL RPDV RAIS RALOS RLOS RLOF SIGFRZ RMYEL Loss/Recovery of Multiframe Yellow Alarm—Reports any change in real-time status of Multiframe Yellow (E1) or ESF Yellow (T1) alarm detector. 0 = no event 1 = multiframe Yellow Alarm transition RYEL Loss/Recovery of Yellow Alarm—Reports any change in real-time status of Remote Alarm Indication (RAI), also referred to as Yellow Alarm. 0 = no event 1 = Yellow Alarm transition RPDV Receive Pulse Density Violation—Reports each occurrence of a receive pulse density violation, according to ANSI T1.403 sliding window criteria. RPDV is latched active upon detection of any window of 8 (N+1) bits which does not contain at least N pulses. For example, RPDV reports each occurrence of 16 consecutive 0s. 0 = no error 1 = receive pulse density violation RAIS Loss/Recovery of Alarm Indication Signal—Reports any change in real-time status of the AIS detector. 0 = no event 1 = AIS transition RALOS Loss/Recovery of Receive Analog Signal—Reports any change in analog receive level detector’s real-time status, or receive equalizer’s acquisition status (ACQUIRE; addr 021). 0 = no event 1 = receive level transition RLOS Loss/Recovery of Receive Signal—Reports any change in real-time status of digital receive signal detector. 0 = no event 1 = receive signal transition RLOF Loss/Recovery of Frame Alignment—Reports any change in real-time or integrated status of receive online frame status monitor. 0 = no event 1 = receive frame status transition SIGFRZ Loss/Recovery of Signaling Freeze—Reports any change in real-time status of SIGFRZ receiver status, which is also available on the SIGFRZ output pin. 0 = no event 1 = SIGFRZ transition 3-16 Conexant N8370DSE Bt8370/8375/8376 3.0 Registers 3.4 Interrupt Status Registers Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface 005—Alarm 2 Interrupt Status (ISR6) All events reported in ISR6 are from dual-edge sources, except the 1-second timer [ONESEC] and Transmit Pulse Density Violation [TPDV]. Any transition of real-time status in the Alarm 2 Status register [ALM2; addr 048] forces the corresponding ISR6 status bit active (high). Active-high status is latched and held according to the LATCH_ALM bit [addr 046]. Each event triggers an interrupt if the corresponding IER6 bit is enabled [addr 00D]. 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 LOOPDN LOOPUP TPDV TSHORT TLOC — TLOF ONESEC LOOPDN Loss/Recovery of Inband Loopback Deactivate Code—Reports any change in real-time status of inband loopback deactivate code detector. 0 = no event 1 = LOOPDN code transition LOOPUP Loss/Recovery of Inband Loopback Activate Code—Reports any change in real-time status of inband loopback activate code detector. 0 = no event 1 = LOOPUP code transition TPDV Transmit PDV Monitor/Enforcer—Applicable only if TZCS [addr 071] enables PDV enforcement. When enabled, TPDV is latched active if 1 or more PDV-enforced 1s were output to meet ANSI T1.403 minimum pulse density requirements. 0 = no error 1 = PDV-enforced 1 TSHORT Loss/Recovery of Transmit Short Circuit—Reports any change in real-time status of transmit line driver's short circuit detector. 0 = no alarm 1 = short circuit transition TLOC Loss/Recovery of Transmit Clock—Reports any change in real-time status of TCKI clock monitor. 0 = no alarm 1 = clock monitor transition TLOF Loss/Recovery of Transmit Frame Alignment—Reports any change in real-time status of transmit framer's basic alignment. 0 = no alarm 1 = transmit framer transition ONESEC 1-second Timer Event—ONESEC is derived from the internal 1-second timer or the rising edge of ONESEC input signal, according to the selected I/O mode [PIO; addr 018]. 0 = no timer event 1 = ONESEC timer expired or rising edge of ONESEC input N8370DSE Conexant 3-17 Bt8370/8375/8376 3.0 Registers 3.4 Interrupt Status Registers Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface 006—Error Interrupt Status (ISR5) All events in ISR5 are from rising edge sources. Each event is latched active-high and held according to the LATCH_ERR bit [addr 046] and triggers an interrupt if the corresponding IER5 bit is enabled [addr 00E]. 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 TSLIP RSLIP CKERR JERR CERR SERR MERR FERR TSLIP Transmit Slip Error—Two types of TSLIP buffer errors are reported, TFSLIP or TUSLIP. The error type is reported separately in slip status [SSTAT; 0D9]. 0 = no error 1 = TSLIP error RSLIP Receive Slip Error—Two types of RSLIP buffer errors are reported, RFSLIP or RUSLIP. The error type is reported separately in slip status [SSTAT; 0D9]. 0 = no error 1 = RSLIP error CKERR CLAD Phase Detector or JCLK Acceleration Error—Reports JCLK acceleration/deceleration (enabled by JAUTO bit; addr 002). CKERR JAUTO JCLK Acceleration X 0 CKERR disabled 0 1 No error 1 1 JCLK acceleration active JERR Jitter Attenuator Elastic Store Limit Error—Indicates the transmit (TJAT) or receive (RJAT) jitter attenuator elastic store has under-run or overflowed its programmed depth [JSIZE; addr 002]. Error type is reported separately in JMPTY [addr 021]. JAT elastic store is automatically re-centered each time JERR occurs, causing an uncontrolled data slip on the elastic store output. 0 = no error 1 = uncontrolled JAT data slip CERR CRC6/CRC4 Block Error—Applicable to ESF and MFAS modes only; read 0 in other modes. CERR indicates 1 or more bit errors found in the received CRC-6 or CRC-4 checksum block pattern. 0 = no error 1 = CRC error SERR CAS Pattern Error—Applicable only in E1 mode; read 0 in T1 mode. SERR indicates 1 or more bit errors found in received TS16 Multiframe Alignment Signal (MAS). 0 = no error 1 = CAS error MERR MFAS Pattern Error—Applicable only in E1 mode; read 0 in T1 mode. Indicates 1 or more bit errors found in received MFAS alignment pattern. 0 = no error 1 = MFAS error FERR Frame Error—Ft/Fs/T1DM/FPS/FAS Pattern Error. Indicates 1 or more Ft/Fs/FPS frame bit errors or FAS pattern errors found. Refer to Table A-1 through A-7 for a description of which frame bits are monitored according to the selected receive framer mode. 0 = no error 1 = frame error 3-18 Conexant N8370DSE Bt8370/8375/8376 3.0 Registers 3.4 Interrupt Status Registers Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface 007—Counter Overflow Interrupt Status (ISR4) All count overflow events in ISR4 are caused by rising edge sources. Each event is latched active-high when the respective error counter [addr 050–05A] reaches its maximum count value, but only while the respective IER4 [addr 00F] interrupt enable bit is active. If the corresponding interrupt is masked, no overflow status is reported. Active overflow status bits are held until the processor read clears ISR4. Each event triggers an interrupt if the corresponding IER4 bit is enabled. 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 FRED[4] COFA[2] SEF[2] BERR[12] FEBE[10] LCV[16] CRC[10] FERR[12] FRED[4] Out of Frame Error Count Overflow COFA[2] Change of Alignment Count Overflow SEF[2] Severely Errored Frame Count Overflow BERR[12] Test Pattern Bit Error Count Overflow FEBE[10] FEBE Error Count Overflow LCV[16] LCV (BPV+EXZ) Error Count Overflow CRC[10] CRC6/CRC4 Error Count Overflow FERR[12] Ft/Fs/FPS/FAS Error Count Overflow 008—Timer Interrupt Status (ISR3) All events in ISR3 are caused by rising edge sources. Each event is latched active-high and held until the processor read clears ISR3. Each event triggers an interrupt if corresponding IER3 bit is enabled [addr 010]. 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 TSIG TMSYNC TMF TFRAME RSIG RMSYNC RMF RFRAME TSIG Transmit Signaling Multiframe—Activated every 1.5 ms (SF/SLC), 3 ms (ESF), or 2 ms (CAS), coincident with the first bit of a transmit signaling multiframe. 0 = no timer event 1 = transmit signaling multiframe TMSYNC TX System Bus MF Sync—Activated every 1.5 ms (SF/SLC), 3 ms (ESF), or 2 ms (CAS), coincident with the first bit of transmit system bus multiframe input on TPCMI. 0 = no timer event 1 = TSB multiframe TMF Transmit Multiframe—TMF is activated every 1.5 ms (SF/SLC), 3 ms (ESF, Ft), or 2 ms (MFAS), coincident with the first bit of a transmit multiframe. 0 = no timer event 1 = transmit multiframe TFRAME Transmit Frame—Activated every 193 bits (T1) or 256 bits (E1), coincident with first bit of a transmit frame. The processor can read TPHASE [addr ODC] to determine which TSLIP buffer half can be accessed. 0 = no timer event 1 = transmit frame N8370DSE Conexant 3-19 Bt8370/8375/8376 3.0 Registers 3.4 Interrupt Status Registers Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface RSIG Receive Signaling Stack—Indicates 1 or more signaling bit changes were detected during the prior receive multiframe, and new ABCD (robbed bit or CAS) signaling is available on the Receive Signaling Stack register [addr 0DA]. RSIG is cleared by processor read of ISR3, independent of STACK contents. See also the SET_RSIG bit (addr 0D7). 0 = no stack update 1 = new ABCD signaling RMSYNC Receive System Bus MF Sync—Activated every 1.5 ms (SF/SLC), 3 ms (ESF), or 2 ms (CAS), coincident with the first bit of receive system bus multiframe output on RPCMO. 0 = no timer event 1 = RSB multiframe RMF Receive Multiframe Boundary—Activated every 3 ms for T1 (Ft, SF, SLC, ESF), or 2 ms (MFAS), coincident with the first bit of a received multiframe. If MFAS is not included in the receive framer criteria, RMF is activated at 2 ms interval. 0 = no timer event 1 = receive multiframe RFRAME Receive Frame Boundary—Activated every 193 bits (T1) or 256 bits (E1), coincident with the first bit of a received frame. The processor can read RPHASE [addr 0DB] to determine which RSLIP buffer half can be accessed. 0 = no timer event 1 = receive frame 009—Data Link 1 Interrupt Status (ISR2) All events in ISR2 are from rising edge sources. Each event is latched active-high and held until the processor read clears ISR2. Each event triggers an interrupt if the corresponding IER2 bit is enabled [addr 011]. 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 TBOP RFULL1 RNEAR1 RMSG1 TDLERR1 TEMPTY1 TNEAR1 TMSG1 TBOP BOP Codeword Transmitted—Set when a valid Bit Oriented Codeword has been transmitted and a new TBOP value can be written [TBOP; addr 0A1]. RFULL1 Receive FIFO Full—In HDLC modes, RFULL is set when the data link receiver attempts to write received data to a full FIFO causing the receive data link FIFO to overrun. In unformatted modes (Pack6 and Pack8), RFULL is set when the receive FIFO is filled to the MSG_FILL Limit selected in register RDL1_FFC [addr 0A7]. RNEAR1 Receive FIFO Near Full—Set when the receive FIFO fill level reaches the near full threshold selected in register RDL1_FFC [addr 0A7]. RMSG1 Message Received—Set when a complete message or a partial message is received and available in the receiver FIFO. TDLERR1 Transmit FIFO Error—Set when the FIFO underruns as a result of the internal logic emptying the FIFO without encountering an end of message [TDL1_EOM; addr 0AC]. The underrun condition also forces transmission of an HDLC abort code. TEMPTY1 Transmit FIFO Empty—Set when the FIFO overflows as a result of the processor attempting to write to a full FIFO. Overflow data is ignored by the transmit FIFO. TNEAR1 Transmit FIFO Near Empty —Set when the transmit FIFO level falls below the threshold selected in register TDL1_FEC [addr 0AB]. TMSG1 Message Transmitted—Set when a complete message has been transmitted and the closing flag is just beginning transmission. 3-20 Conexant N8370DSE Bt8370/8375/8376 3.0 Registers 3.4 Interrupt Status Registers Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface 00A—Data Link 2 Interrupt Status (ISR1) All events in ISR1 are from rising edge sources. Each event is latched active-high and held until the processor read clears ISR1. Each event triggers an interrupt if the corresponding IER1 bit is enabled [addr 012]. For Bt8370 and Bt8375 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 RBOP RFULL2 RNEAR2 RMSG2 TDLERR2 TEMPTY2 TNEAR2 TMSG2 For Bt8376 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 RBOP — — — — — — — RBOP BOP Codeword Received—Set when a valid Bit Oriented Codeword is received and available in the RBOP register [addr 0A2]. RFULL2 Receive FIFO Full—In HDLC modes, RFULL is set when the data link receiver attempts to write received data to a full FIFO causing the receive data link FIFO to overrun. In unformatted modes (Pack6 and Pack8), RFULL is set when the receive FIFO is filled to the MSG_FILL limit selected in register RDL2_FFC [addr 0B2]. RNEAR2 Receive FIFO Near Full—Set when the receive FIFO fill level reaches the near full threshold selected in register RDL2_FFC [addr 0B2]. RMSG2 Message Received—Set when a complete message or a partial message is received and available in the receiver FIFO. TDLERR2 Transmit FIFO Error—Set when the FIFO underruns as a result of the internal logic emptying the FIFO without encountering an end of message [TDL2_EOM; addr 0B7]. The underrun condition also forces transmission of an HDLC abort code. TEMPTY2 Transmit FIFO Empty—Set when the FIFO overflows as a result of the processor attempting to write to a full FIFO. Overflow data is ignored by the transmit FIFO. TNEAR2 Transmit FIFO Near Empty—Set when the transmit FIFO level falls below the threshold selected in register TDL2_FEC [addr 0B6]. TMSG2 Message Transmitted—Set when a complete message has been transmitted and the closing flag is just beginning transmission. N8370DSE Conexant 3-21 Bt8370/8375/8376 3.0 Registers 3.4 Interrupt Status Registers Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface 00B—Pattern Interrupt Status (ISR0) All events in ISR0 are caused by rising edge sources. Each event is latched active-high and held until the processor read clears ISR0. Each event triggers an interrupt if the corresponding IER0 bit is enabled [addr 013]. 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 — — BSLIP PSYNC TCERR TSERR TMERR TFERR BSLIP Online Framer Bit Slip—Active-high. Indicates that receive online framer adjusted receive frame sync by ±1 bit. When BSLIP occurs, the apparent FAS error is not reported elsewhere (not to FERR count, RLOF circuit, or SEF circuit). Applicable only to receive framer modes with BSLIP enabled (see Table 3-2, Receive Framer Modes). 0 = no error 1 = frame bit slip PSYNC Receive PRBS Test Pattern Sync—Forced to inactive (low) status when the processor requests RESEED [addr 041] of the PRBS sync detector, and remains low while detector searches for test pattern sync. PRBS bit errors [BERR; addr 058, 059] are not counted while PSYNC is low. PSYNC remains low for a minimum of 128 bits following RESEED, and for as long as the received bit error ratio (BER) exceeds 1E-2. PSYNC is latched active (high) and the PRBS sync detector stops searching when no bit errors are found for a period of 96 bits. The sync detector remains disabled until the processor requests another RESEED. Therefore, any range of BER can be measured after initial pattern sync. The processor must determine criteria for loss of pattern sync based on its accumulation of bit errors over the desired time interval. 0 = no sync 1 = PRBS test pattern sync TCERR Transmit CRC Error—Reports occurrences of CRC-6 or CRC-4 errors detected on TPCMI data according to the selected T1/E1 mode. 0 = no error 1 = CRC error TSERR Transmit CAS Error—Reports occurrences of MAS pattern errors detected on TPCMI data if CAS transmit framer mode is selected. 0 = no error 1 = CAS error TMERR Transmit Multiframe Error—Reports occurrences of Fs or MFAS errors detected on TPCMI data according to the selected transmit framer mode. 0 = no error 1 = transmit multiframe error TFERR Transmit Frame Error—Reports occurrences of Ft, FPS, or FAS errors detected on TPCMI data according to the selected transmit framer mode. 3-22 Conexant N8370DSE Bt8370/8375/8376 3.0 Registers 3.5 Interrupt Enable Registers Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface 3.5 Interrupt Enable Registers Unused bits indicated by a dash (—) are reserved and should be written to 0. Writing to reserved bits has no effect. Writing a 1 to an IER bit allows that specific interrupt source to activate its respective ISR bit, the associated IRR bit, and the INTR* output. When cleared, each IER bit allows that source to activate its respective ISR bit, but prevents activation of the INTR* output and the associated IRR bit. 00C—Alarm 1 Interrupt Enable Register (IER7) 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 RMYEL RYEL RPDV RAIS RALOS RLOS RLOF SIGFRZ RMYEL Enable RMYEL Interrupt RYEL Enable RYEL Interrupt RPDV Enable RPDV Interrupt RAIS Enable RAIS Interrupt RALOS Enable RALOS or RLOC Interrupt RLOS Enable RLOS Interrupt RLOF Enable RLOF Interrupt SIGFRZ Enable SIGFRZ Interrupt 00D—Alarm 2 Interrupt Enable Register (IER6) 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 LOOPDN LOOPUP TPDV TSHORT TLOC — TLOF ONESEC LOOPDN Enable LOOPDN Interrupt LOOPUP Enable LOOPUP Interrupt TPDV Enable TPDV Interrupt TSHORT Enable TSHORT Interrupt TLOC Enable TLOC Interrupt TLOF Enable TLOF Interrupt ONESEC Enable ONESEC Interrupt N8370DSE Conexant 3-23 Bt8370/8375/8376 3.0 Registers 3.5 Interrupt Enable Registers Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface 00E—Error Interrupt Enable Register (IER5) 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 TSLIP RSLIP CKERR JERR CERR SERR MERR FERR TSLIP Enable TSLIP Interrupt RSLIP Enable RSLIP Interrupt CKERR Enable CKERR Interrupt JERR Enable JERR Interrupt CERR Enable CERR Interrupt SERR Enable SERR Interrupt MERR Enable MERR Interrupt FERR Enable FERR Interrupt 00F—Count Overflow Interrupt Enable Register (IER4) 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 LOF COFA SEF BERR FEBE LCV CRC FERR LOF Enable LOF Count Overflow Interrupt COFA Enable COFA Count Overflow Interrupt SEF Enable SEF Count Overflow Interrupt BERR Enable BERR Count Overflow Interrupt FEBE Enable FEBE Count Overflow Interrupt LCV Enable LCV Count Overflow Interrupt CRC Enable CRC Count Overflow Interrupt FERR Enable FERR Count Overflow Interrupt Table 3-4. Counter Overflow Behavior 3-24 IER4 LATCH_CNT Count (addr 050–05A) Addr 00F Addr 046 Saturate Latch Clear Active 0 0 Hold all 1s hi @rd_LSB hi @rd_MSB None 1 0 Rollover hi @rd_LSB hi @rd_MSB @rollover 0 1 Hold all 1s onesec None None 1 1 Rollover onesec none @rollover Conexant INTR* N8370DSE Bt8370/8375/8376 3.0 Registers 3.5 Interrupt Enable Registers Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface 010—Timer Interrupt Enable Register (IER3) 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 TSIG TMSYNC TMF TFRAME RSIG RMSYNC RMF RFRAME TSIG Enable TSIG Interrupt TMSYNC Enable TMSYNC Interrupt TMF Enable TMF Interrupt TFRAME Enable TFRAME Interrupt RSIG Enable RSIG Interrupt RMSYNC Enable RMSYNC Interrupt RMF Enable RMF Interrupt RFRAME Enable RFRAME Interrupt 011—Data Link 1 Interrupt Enable Register (IER2) 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 TBOP RFULL1 RNEAR1 RMSG1 TDLERR1 TEMPTY1 TNEAR1 TMSG1 TBOP Enable TBOP Interrupt RFULL1 Enable RFULL Interrupt RNEAR1 Enable RNEAR Interrupt RMSG1 Enable RMSG Interrupt TDLERR1 Enable TDLERR Interrupt TEMPTY1 Enable TEMPTY Interrupt TNEAR1 Enable TNEAR Interrupt TMSG1 Enable TMSG Interrupt N8370DSE Conexant 3-25 Bt8370/8375/8376 3.0 Registers 3.5 Interrupt Enable Registers Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface 012—Data Link 2 Interrupt Enable Register (IER1) 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 RBOP RFULL2 RNEAR2 RMSG2 TDLERR2 TEMPTY2 TNEAR2 TMSG2 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 RBOP — — — — — — — RBOP Enable RBOP Interrupt RFULL2 Enable RFULL Interrupt RNEAR2 Enable RNEAR Interrupt RMSG2 Enable RMSG Interrupt TDLERR2 Enable TDLERR Interrupt TEMPTY2 Enable TEMPTY Interrupt TNEAR2 Enable TNEAR Interrupt TMSG2 Enable TMSG Interrupt 013—Pattern Interrupt Enable Register (IER0) 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 — — BSLIP PSYNC TCERR TSERR TMERR TFERR BSLIP Enable BSLIP Interrupt PSYNC Enable PSYNC Interrupt TCERR Enable TCERR Interrupt TSERR Enable TSERR Interrupt TMERR Enable TMERR Interrupt TFERR Enable TFERR Interrupt 3-26 Conexant N8370DSE Bt8370/8375/8376 3.0 Registers 3.6 Primary Control and Status Registers Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface 3.6 Primary Control and Status Registers Unused bits indicated by a dash (—) are reserved and should be written to 0. Writing to reserved bits has no effect. 014—Loopback Configuration Register (LOOP) 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 — — — — PLOOP LLOOP FLOOP ALOOP PLOOP Enable Remote Payload Loopback—Payload from the receiver replaces the payload on transmitter output. The loopback payload retains the time slot and frame integrity, so numbered time slots from each receive frame transfer to same numbered time slots in the transmit frame. Transmit overhead bits—F-bits in T1 mode or TS0 in E1 mode—are supplied by the transmit frame formatter or the transmit system bus, according to TFRM [addr 072] settings. Existing transmit frame alignment and clock timing is not altered by PLOOP activation or deactivation, allowing system operation with independent receive and transmit timing. Controlled frame slips are performed in the payload loopback path if the receive and transmit clocks are asynchronous, although these slips are not reported to the processor as slip buffer errors. Multiframe integrity is not maintained during PLOOP; therefore, DS0 channel loopbacks [TPCn; addr 100–11F] must be used to implement payload loopbacks when transparent or forced signaling is desired. PLOOP does not override by the transmit per-channel selections (TPCn). 0 = no loopback 1 = payload loopback LLOOP Enable Remote Line Loopback—Dual-rail unipolar data from RLIU (or RJAT) is internally connected to TLIU. The recovered clock from RPLL (or JCLK from RJAT) is internally connected to the transmitter. Loopback data retains BPV transparency. Data input from the transmit system bus continues to pass through the transmitter, but is ignored at ZCS encoder outputs. Data passage from RLIU block to RSB block is unaffected. LLOOP and FLOOP can be simultaneously active to support line and network loopbacks simultaneously. 0 = no loopback 1 = line loopback FLOOP Enable Local Framer Loopback—Dual-rail unipolar data from the transmit ZCS encoder is internally connected to receive ZCS decoder inputs. The signals from the transmit clock input (TCKI) is internally connected to the receive clock output (RCKO). Externally applied data on RTIP/RRING inputs is ignored. XTIP/XRING output data is unaffected. If RCKO is selected as the TCKI clock source [CMUX; addr 01A], an alternate transmit clock source must be provided when this loopback is activated. Possible configurations include selecting the TCKI pin or CLADO as the transmit clock source, or programming the JAT in the transmit direction and setting JFREE to enable the free-running 10 MHz reference [JAT_CR register; addr 002]. 0 = no loopback 1 = framer loopback N8370DSE Conexant 3-27 Bt8370/8375/8376 3.0 Registers 3.6 Primary Control and Status Registers Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface Enable Local Analog Loopback—Bipolar data from XTIP/XRING is internally connected to RTIP/RRING inputs. Externally applied data on RTIP/RRING inputs is ignored. XTIP/XRING output data is unaffected. After ALOOP activation or deactivation, the processor must reset the receive line interface [RST_LIU; addr 020]. If RCKO is selected as the TCKI clock source [CMUX; addr 01A], an alternate transmit clock source must be provided when this loopback is activated. Possible configurations include selecting the TCKI pin or CLADO as the transmit clock source, or programming the JAT in the transmit direction and setting JFREE to enable the free-running 10 MHz reference [JAT_CR register; addr 002]. 0 = no loopback 1 = analog loopback ALOOP 015—External Data Link Time Slot (DL3_TS) DL3_TS works in conjunction with the DL3_BIT register [addr 016] to determine which transmit time slots are supplied from the TDLI pin, and which receive and transmit time slots are accompanied by a gated RDLCKO and TDLCKO output. (Refer to Figure 2-29, Transmit External Data Link Waveforms, Transmit External Data Link Waveforms). RDLO outputs the entire receive data bit stream, and only selective digits are marked by RDLCKO. 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 DL3EN FS[1] FS[0] TS[4] TS[3] TS[2] TS[1] TS[0] DL3EN Enable External Data Link—Active-high enables data insertion from TDLI and enables clock gating on TDLCKO and RDLCKO outputs according to the selected external data link mode. NOTE: FS[1:0] PIO [addr 018] must select TDL_IO and/or RDL_IO to enable external data link signals. Bits 5 and 6 must be written to 1s for the External Data Link to operate correctly. 0 = external data link pins inactive 1 = TDLI/TDLCKO and RDLO/RDLCKO active External Data Link Frame Select—The External data link can be programmed to source and sink data bits during all frames, odd frames, or even frames. FS[1:0] controls gating of RDLCKO and TDLCKO external data link clocks. FS[1:0] 3-28 Frame Select (T1 Mode) 00 None. Equivalent to disabling external data link. 01 Odd frames only: Frames 1, 3, 5, etc. 10 Even frames only: Frames 2, 4, 6, etc. 11 All frames. FS[1:0] Frame Select (E1 Mode) 00 None. Equivalent to disabling external data link. 01 Even frames only: Frames 0, 2, 4, 6, etc. 10 Odd frames only: Frames 1, 3, 5, etc. 11 All frames. Conexant N8370DSE Bt8370/8375/8376 3.0 Registers 3.6 Primary Control and Status Registers Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface External Data LinkTime Slot Select—Picks 1 8-bit time slot for input and output over the external data link pins. Any time slot can be chosen from TS0 to TS31 in E1 mode or TS1 to TS24 in T1 mode. In T1 mode, TS25 selects F-bits instead of a channel time slot. TS[4:0] 00000 00001 | 11110 11111 Time slot 0 Time slot 1 | Time slot 30 Time slot 31 016—External Data Link Bit (DL3_BIT) 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 DL3_BIT[7] DL3_BIT[6] DL3_BIT[5] DL3_BIT[4] DL3_BIT[3] DL3_BIT[2] DL3_BIT[1] DL3_BIT[0] DL3_BIT[7:0] External Data Link Bit Select—Enables receive (RDLCKO) and transmit (TDLCKO) clock pulse outputs during selected time slot bits. DL3_BIT works in conjunction with the DL3_TS register [addr 015] to select any combination of bits for input and output on the external data link pins by writing the corresponding DL3_BIT active (high). LSB enables clock pulses coincident with the first bit transmitted or received. The full T1/E1 data stream is output on RDLO as long as the RDL_IO bit [addr 018] is active, regardless of which bits are accompanied by RDLCKO clock pulses. The selected transmit data link bits are sampled from the TDLI pin on the falling edge of TDLCKO to replace normal transmitted data. DL3_BIT must be set to 0x01 when DL3_TS selects T1 F-bits. 0 = disable DL3 bit 1 = enable DL3 bit 017—Offline Framer Status (FSTAT) Bt8370/8375/8376 contains a single offline framer that serves as a shared resource for both receive and transmit channels. Because current alignment status for receive and transmit channels is reported separately in Alarm Status registers (ALM1, ALM2; addr 047, 048), FSTAT is used primarily for diagnostic purposes to monitor the progress of an alignment search, or to verify acknowledgment of a processor-generated forced reframe request. These status bits can only be reported for a very short period of time (i.e., 1 clock cycle), because the RLOF and TLOF reframe requests can immediately request another offline framer search. 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 — — — INVALID FOUND TIMEOUT ACTIVE RX/TXN INVALID N8370DSE No Candidate—Active-high at the conclusion of a search during which no frame alignment candidates were located. 0 = search active, aborted, timed out, or found 1 = alignment not found (no candidate). Conexant 3-29 Bt8370/8375/8376 3.0 Registers 3.6 Primary Control and Status Registers FOUND Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface Frame Search Successful—Active-high indicates the offline framer located the frame alignment according to the selected receive or transmit framer mode. Refer to Table 3-5 for maximum average reframe time. Upon detection of frame alignment, the following occurs: • FOUND goes active-high • RLOF or TLOF is cleared by the online framer, depending on RX/TX direction • the offline framer goes inactive, if no pending reframe requests exist • the RX, TX, or TSB timebase is realigned, depending on the RX/TX direction and the embedded framing mode. If the reframe pulse causes the receive timebase to align to a position that differs from its existing alignment, the change of frame alignment error counter [COFA; addr 05A] increments. Changes of the transmit frame alignment are not detected. NOTE: In E1 receive framer modes, the offline framer also reports intermediate FRED, MRED, and SRED status [ALM3; addr 049] while searching for FAS, MFAS, and CAS alignment, respectively. 0 = no candidate; search active, aborted, or timed out 1 = frame alignment found (1 and only 1 candidate) Table 3-5. Maximum Average Reframe Time (MART) and Framer Timeout Framer Mode MART TIMEOUT (addr 017) Ft 3.5 ms 12 ms ±1 bit Ft + T1DM 1.0 ms 12 ms ±1 bit SF 3.5 ms 12 ms ±1 bit SF + JYEL 4.5 ms 12 ms ±1 bit SF + TIDM 2.0 ms 12 ms ±1 bit SLC 15.0 ms 24 ms ±1 bit ESF 10.0 ms 24 ms ±1 bit ESF + CRC 15.0 ms 24 ms ±1 bit ESF + MIMIC 15.0 ms 24 ms ±1 bit FAS 0.5 ms 8 ms ±125 µs CAS 2.0 ms 8 ms ±125 µs MFAS 10.0 ms 8 ms ±125 µs NOTE(S): MART is defined (per Bellcore TA-0278) as the difference between the time that known good pseudo-random DS1 input is applied, and the time that a valid DS0 signal is observed at the output. 3-30 Conexant N8370DSE Bt8370/8375/8376 3.0 Registers 3.6 Primary Control and Status Registers Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface TIMEOUT Framer Search Timeout—Cleared when the offline framer transitions to its ACTIVE state. If multiple frame candidates exist over the entire mode-dependent timeout interval (refer to Table 3-5), TIMEOUT is latched active-high. Processor-generated reframe requests (RFORCE or TFORCE) initiate a single search that extends to a maximum of 24 ms before TIMEOUT. After reporting TIMEOUT, the offline framer begins another search if the reframe request (RLOF or TLOF) is active. 0 = no candidate; search active, aborted, or found 1 = framer search timeout (multiple candidates) ACTIVE Framer Active—Offline framer transitions to its ACTIVE state in response to an RFORCE or TFORCE reframe request from the processor, or in response to an RLOF or TLOF reframe request from the online framer. The offline framer remains ACTIVE until any of the following occurs: • alignment is found (FOUND) • the search is aborted [see RABORT; addr 040, or TABORT; addr 071] • the search reaches its timeout interval (TIMEOUT) • all possible frame candidates are eliminated (INVALID) NOTE: RX/TXN N8370DSE RFORCE or TFORCE does not change the current RLOF or TLOF status. RFORCE or TFORCE is cleared by the framer transition to ACTIVE. 0 = offline framer inactive; search completed, aborted or timed out 1 = offline framer actively searching for alignment. RX/TX Reframe Operation—Indicates which direction the offline framer is actively searching or most recently searched for frame alignment. RX/TXN status is updated when the offline framer transitions to its ACTIVE state in response to a reframe request. 0 = search data from Transmit System Bus PCM Input (TPCMI) 1 = search data from receive line interface unit. Conexant 3-31 Bt8370/8375/8376 3.0 Registers 3.6 Primary Control and Status Registers Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface 018—Programmable Input/Output (PIO) 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 ONESEC_IO RDL_IO TDL_IO INDY_IO RFSYNC_IO RMSYNC_IO TFSYNC_IO TMSYNC_IO ONESEC_IO Bidirectional ONESEC Input/Output mode—Selects input or output mode for ONESEC signal pin, and controls the internal timer interval used for 1-second status latching [LATCH; addr 046]. When ONESEC is an output, the JAT reference clock [JCLK; addr 002] develops the 1-second timer interval output, with an arbitrarily defined initial starting location. When ONESEC is an input, the timer/latch interval is aligned to the rising edge of ONESEC input. The system can apply ONESEC input to define any length timer/latch interval up to but not greater than 1-second. 0 = ONESEC input 1 = ONESEC output RDL_IO Enable Receive Data Link—Selects which signals are present on bi-modal RNEGO/RDLCKO and RPOSO/RDLO pins. When active, receive data link pins RDLCKO and RDLO are enabled [see also DL3EN; addr 015]; otherwise, dual-rail RLIU data is output on RNEGO and RPOSO pins. 0 = RNEGO and RPOSO 1 = RDLCKO and RDLO TDL_IO Enable Transmit Data Link—Selects which signals are present on bi-modal TNEGI/TDLCKO and TPOSI/TDLI pins. When active, transmit data link pins TDLCKO and TDLI are enabled [see also DL3EN; addr 015]; otherwise, TLIU data is supplied by the dual-rail TNEGI and TPOSI inputs. 0 = TNEGI and TPOSI signals 1 = TDLCKO and TDLI signals NOTE: INDY_IO 3-32 TDL_IO must be programmed to 1 to enable data output from the transmit frame formatter. Enable Time Slot Indicators—Selects which signals are present on bi-modal TNEGO/RINDO and TPOSO/TINDO pins. When active, system bus time slot indicators RINDO and TINDO are enabled (see also [SBCn; addr 0E0–0FF]); otherwise, dual-rail TLIU data is output on TNEGO and TPOSO pins. 0 = TNEGO and TPOSO 1 = RINDO and TINDO Conexant N8370DSE Bt8370/8375/8376 3.0 Registers 3.6 Primary Control and Status Registers Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface RFSYNC_IO Bidirectional RFSYNC Input/Output mode—Refer to system bus sync mode summary in Tables 3-6 and 3-8. When RFSYNC is an input, its low-to-high transition aligns the RSB timebase to the programmed RSB.OFFSET. Refer to RSYNC_BIT, RSYNC_TS and RSYNC_FRM offset registers [addr 0D2, 0D3, and 0D8] for a complete description of the RSB sync bit, time slot, and frame offset. Once aligned, the RSB timebase internally flywheels at 125 µs interval (8 kHz) until a new RFSYNC pulse is applied. When RFSYNC is programmed as an output, it operates continuously at 8 kHz frame rate, marking RSB sync bits and time slot offset position of each frame. Initial RFSYNC alignment and subsequent realignment depends RSB mode [RSBI; addr 0D1] and RSB manual center [RSB_CTR; addr 0D1]. RFSYNC must be programmed as an output when RSLIP is in Bypass mode or Elastic mode. RFSYNC and RMSYNC are supplied either by RSB timebase (output) or receive system bus (input) at a programmable RSB sync bit offset, time slot location, and frame offset location. 0 = RFSYNC input 1 = RFSYNC output RMSYNC_IO Bidirectional RMSYNC Input/Output mode—Refer to system bus sync mode summary in Tables 3-6 and 3-8. When RMSYNC is an input, its low-to-high transition aligns RSB timebase to the programmed RSB.OFFSET. Once aligned, RSB timebase internally flywheels at 3 ms (T1) or at 2 ms (E1) intervals until a new RMSYNC pulse is applied. When RMSYNC is an output, it operates continuously at a 6 ms rate (every second multiframe for T1 or every third for E1), marking the RSB.OFFSET position. Initial RMSYNC alignment and subsequent realignment depends on RSB mode [RSBI; addr 0D1] and RSB manual center [RSB_CTR; addr 0D1]. RMSYNC must be programmed as an output when RSLIP is in Bypass mode or Elastic mode. THRU bit must be set [THRU; addr 0D7] when RMSYNC is programmed as an output. RMSYNC input signal must always coincide with RFSYNC. 0 = RMSYNC input 1 = RMSYNC output TFSYNC_IO Bidirectional TFSYNC Input/Output mode—TFSYNC_IO programming depends on transmit framer and system bus modes, as shown in Tables 3-6 and 3-7. 0 = TFSYNC input 1 = TFSYNC output TMSYNC_IO Bidirectional TMSYNC Input/Output mode—TMSYNC_IO programming depends on transmit framer and system bus modes, as shown in Tables 3-6 and 3-7. 0 = TMSYNC input 1 = TMSYNC output Table 3-6. System Bus Sync Mode Summary FSYNC MSYNC IN IN IN IN-GND SBI supplies 8 kHz frame alignment. Multiframe alignment is arbitrary and MSYNC is unused. IN OUT SBI supplies 8 kHz frame alignment. Multiframe alignment is supplied by the framer. IN-GND OUT Framer supplies multiframe alignment. FSYNC is unused. OUT IN OUT OUT N8370DSE SBI Alignment Mode SBI supplies multiframe and 8 kHz frame alignment. FSYNC must be aligned with MSYNC if both are provided. SBI supplies multiframe and frame alignment. Framer supplies frame and multiframe alignment. Conexant 3-33 Bt8370/8375/8376 3.0 Registers 3.6 Primary Control and Status Registers Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface Table 3-7. Common TFSYNC and TMSYNC Configurations Conditions TFSYNC TMSYNC Explanation Transmit framer disabled. (TABORT = 1) IN IN TSB timebase slaved to system bus TFSYNC or TMSYNC. IN-GND IN TSB timebase slaved to system bus TMSYNC. TFSYNC is unused. IN IN-GND TSB timebase slaved to system bus TFSYNC. TMSYNC is unused and multiframe alignment is arbitrary. IN OUT SB timebase slaved to system bus TFSYNC. TMSYNC alignment is arbitrary. OUT OUT TSB timebase alignment is arbitrary. OUT IN TSB timebase slaved to system bus TMSYNC. TFSYNC aligns to TMSYNC input. Transmit framer enabled to search TPCMI for embedded framing. (EMBED = 0, TABORT = 0) OUT OUT TSB timebase is aligned to embedded framing on TPCMI. TPCMI must be configured to line rate for this case. Transmit framer enabled to search TNRZ (after TSLIP buffer) for embedded framing. (EMBED = 1, TABORT = 0) OUT IN-GND TSB timebase is aligned to embedded framing on TNRZ data. TMSYNC is unused. TPCMI may be configured for 1,544 kbps or a multiple of 2,048 kbps. Table 3-8. Common RFSYNC and RMSYNC Configurations Conditions THRU = 0 [RSIG_CR; addr 0D7] THRU = 1 [RSIG_CR; addr 0D7] 3-34 RFSYNC RMSYNC Explanation IN IN IN OUT RSB timebase slaved to system bus RFSYNC. RMSYNC alignment is arbitrary. OUT IN RSB timebase slaved to system bus RMSYNC. RFSYNC aligns to TMSYNC input. OUT OUT RFSYNC and RMSYNC alignment is arbitrary. IN OUT RSB timebase slaved to system bus RFSYNC. RMSYNC is aligned with the RX timebase and can follow a change of RX multiframe alignment without generating an alarm indication. OUT OUT RMSYNC is aligned with the RX timebase and can follow a change of RX multiframe alignment without generating an alarm indication. RFSYNC is aligned to RMSYNC. RSB timebase slaved to system bus RFSYNC or RMSYNC. Conexant N8370DSE Bt8370/8375/8376 3.0 Registers 3.6 Primary Control and Status Registers Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface 019—Programmable Output Enable (POE) 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 — — TDL_OE RDL_OE INDY_OE TCKO_OE CLADO_OE RCKO_OE TDL_OE TDLCKO Output Buffer Control—When enabled, TDLCKO is output according to DL3_TS and DL3_BIT [addr 015, 016]. Note that TDL_IO [addr 018] overrides TDL_OE when TNEGI/TDLCKO pin is configured as an input. 0 = TDLCKO output enabled 1 = TDLCKO output three-stated RDL_OE RNEGO/RDLCKO and RPOSO/RDLO Output Buffer Control—When enabled, both bi-modal signals are output by their respective internal circuits; otherwise, both outputs are placed in high impedance state. 0 = RNEGO/RDLCKO and RPOSO/RDLO outputs enabled 1 = RNEGO/RDLCKO and RPOSO/RDLO outputs three-stated INDY_OE TNEGO/RINDO and TPOSO/TINDO Output Buffer Control—When enabled, both bi-modal signals are output by their respective internal circuits; otherwise, both outputs are forced into high impedance state. 0 = TNEGO/RINDO and TPOSO/TINDO outputs enabled 1 = TNEGO/RINDO and TPOSO/TINDO outputs three-stated TCKO_OE TCKO Output Buffer Control—Allows the system to connect multiple devices to a common clock bus by providing programmable three-state control over the TCKO output buffer. 0 = TCKO output enabled 1 = TCKO output three-stated CLADO_OE CLADO Output Buffer Control—Allows the system to connect multiple devices to a common clock bus by providing programmable three-state control over the CLADO output buffer. On the Bt8376 device, enabling the CLADO output forces a low on the CLADO pin. 0 = CLADO output enabled 1 = CLADO output three-stated RCKO_OE RCKO Output Buffer Control—Allows the system to connect multiple devices to a common clock bus by providing programmable three-state control over the RCKO output buffer. 0 = RCKO output enabled 1 = RCKO output three-stated N8370DSE Conexant 3-35 Bt8370/8375/8376 3.0 Registers 3.6 Primary Control and Status Registers Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface 01A—Clock Input Mux (CMUX) 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 RSBCKI[1] RSBCKI[0] TSBCKI[1] TSBCKI[0] CLADI[1] CLADI[0] TCKI[1] TCKI[0] RSBCKI[1:0] TSBCKI[1:0] CLADI[1:0] 3-36 RSBCKI Source Select—The internal clock mux selects 1 of four clock signals for application to the RSB timebase. RSBCKI input pin is ignored when a clock source other than RSBCKI is selected. RSBCKI[1:0] RSBCKI Source Notes 00 RSBCKI Pin Normal RSB timebase 01 TSBCKI Pin RSB slaved to TSB 10 CLADI Pin RSB slaved to CLAD input pin 11 CLADO Internal CLAD (before output buffer). TSBCKI Source Select—The internal clock mux selects 1 of four clock signals for application to the TSB timebase. TSBCKI input pin is ignored when a clock source other than TSBCKI is selected. If TSLIP is bypassed [TSB_CR; addr 0D4], TSBCKI is not used, and the transmit data on TPCMI must be aligned with the TCKI source selected below. TSBCKI[1:0] TSBCKI Source Notes 00 TSBCKI Pin Normal TSB timebase 01 RSBCKI Pin TSB slaved to RSB 10 CLADI Pin TSB slaved to CLAD input 11 CLADO XX none Internal CLAD (before output buffer). When TSLIP is bypassed CLADI Source Select—The internal clock mux selects 1 of four clock signals. The selected clock signal acts as a CLAD input timing reference when the CLAD is enabled [CEN; addr 090]. CLADI input pin is ignored whenever a clock source other than CLADI is selected. CLADI[1:0] CLADI Source 00 CLADI 01 RCKO 10 TSBCKI Pin CLAD slaved to TSB 11 TCKI Pin CLAD slaved to transmit Conexant Notes Pin Normal CLAD input timing Internal RCKO (before output buffer). N8370DSE Bt8370/8375/8376 3.0 Registers 3.6 Primary Control and Status Registers Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface TCKI[1:0] TCKI Source Select—The internal transmit clock mux selects 1 of four clock signals. The selected clock signal is applied to the transmit clock monitor and is a timing reference for the digital transmitter block. This clock signal must operate at the T1/E1 line rate. If TJAT is disabled [JDIR; addr 002], the selected clock signal also appears on TCKO pin. TCKI input pin is ignored when a clock source other than TCKI is selected. TCKO follows TCKI during NRZ mode (framer mode only). NRZ mode is detected when TNRZ bit in TCR1 register [addr 071] is set and TPOSO/TNEGO/TCKO outputs are selected and enabled. Otherwise, during normal mode (integrated LIU and framer) TCKO follows JCLK if JAT is enabled in the Transmit direction. TCKO follows TCKI if the JAT is either in the receiver or is disabled. TCKI[1:0] TCKI Source 00 TCKI 01 RCKO 10 RSBCKI 11 CLADO Notes Pin Normal transmit (With TSLIP) Internal RCKO (before output buffer) Pin Transmit slaved to RSB Internal CLAD (before output buffer). 01B—Test Mux Configuration (TMUX) 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 — — TMUX[5] TMUX[4] TMUX[3] TMUX[2] TMUX[1] TMUX[0] TMUX[5:0] Test Mux Configuration—Reserved for CONEXANT production test. 01C—Test Configuration (TEST) 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 — — — — — — TEST[1] TEST[0] TEST N8370DSE Global Test Enable—Reserved for CONEXANT production test. Conexant 3-37 Bt8370/8375/8376 3.7 Receive LIU Registers Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface 3 3.7 Receive LIU Registers Unused bits indicated by a dash (—) are reserved and should be written to 0. Writing to reserved bits has no effect. Table 3-9 details receiver LIU register settings for some typical applications. The sensitivity range values shown are the minimum range of receive signal levels for which the receiver recovers data error-free. The RALOS detect range lists the range of receive signal levels for which Analog Loss of Signal (RALOS) is declared after 1 msec. The RLOS detect threshold shows the number of continuously received zeros that cause a receiver loss of signal condition. For example, for E1 I.431 applications, the receiver declares an RALOS condition when the receive signal level is –20 dB or less. For E1 G.775 applications, an RLOS condition is declared if the received signal level remains less than –24 dB for 32 bit periods. Table 3-9. Receive LIU Register Settings versus Application Receiver LIU Register Configurations LIU_CR(Addr 020) RLIU_CR (addr 022) VGA_MAX (addr 024) DSLICE (addr 027)(1) EQ_OUT (addr 028)(1) PRE_EQ (addr 02A) I.431(2) 0 to –6 dB –6 to –20 dB –– 0x41 0xB1 0x1D 0xBA 0xDA 0xA6 G.775(2) 0 to –6 dB –9 to –35 dB 32 @–24 dB 0x41 0xB1 0x1D 0xBA 0xDA 0xA6 Long Range 0 to –34 dB < –43 dB 32 @–43 dB 0x41 0xB1 0x34 0xBA 0xDA 0xA6 Extended Range –20 to –48 dB < –48 dB 32 @–48 dB 0x41 0xB1 0x3F 0xBA 0xDA 0xE6 G.775(2) 0 to –6 dB –9 to –35 dB 100 @–24 dB 0x41 0xB1 0x1D 0xBA 0xDA 0xA6 T1.403, PA62411 0 to –16.5 dB –– 100 @–30 dB 0x41 0xB1 0x21 0xBA 0xDA 0xA6 I.431 0 to –18 dB –18 to –30 dB 100 @–30 dB 0x41 0xB1 0x21 0xBA 0xDA 0xA6 Long Range 0 to –34 dB < –43 dB 100 @–43 dB 0x41 0xB1 0x34 0xBA 0xDA 0xA6 Extended Range –20 to –48 dB < –48 dB 100 @–48 dB 0x41 0xB1 0x3F 0xBA 0xDA 0xE6 E1 Modes Application T1 Modes RLOS Detect Threshold (No. of Continuously Received Zeros) Sensitivity Range RALOS Detect Range NOTE(S): (1) (2) Default value. Register values shown for short-haul applications are also applicable for the Bt8375 and Bt8376 devices. 3-38 Conexant N8370DSE Bt8370/8375/8376 3.7 Receive LIU Registers Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface 020—LIU Configuration (LIU_CR) NOTE: Bits 0 and 1 are reserved and should be written to the values shown. 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 RST_LIU SQUELCH FORCE_VGA RDIGI ATTN[1] ATTN[0] 0 1 RST_LIU Reset RLIU—Writing a 1 to RST_LIU resets the RLIU, reinitializes the receive equalizer, and re-attempts signal acquisition. The processor must reset the RLIU after changing ATTN, or after changing equalizer coefficients [EQ_DAT; addr 025]. Optionally, it can be reset in response to an extended alarm condition. 0 = normal 1 = reset RLIU (self clears) SQUELCH Enable Squelch—Data slicer outputs from RLIU are forced to 0 until EYEOPEN [addr 021] = 1. SQUELCH is useful for long haul applications when near-end crosstalk may be of sufficient magnitude to prevent accurate loss of signal detection. 0 = no effect 1 = squelch data slicer output FORCE_VGA FORCE VGA—Internal Variable Gain Amplifier (VGA) is set to equal the value programmed in VGA_MAX register (addr 024). This bit is used for test purposes only. 0 = normal operation 1 = force VGA to VGA_MAX (test mode only) RDIGI Enable Receive Digital Inputs—When set, RDIGI bypasses RLIU and enables RPOSI/RNEGI/RCKI inputs provided by an external line interface; otherwise, bipolar RTIP/RRING inputs are enabled, RCKI input is ignored, and RPLL recovers the received clock. 0 = RTIP/RRING inputs enabled 1 = RPOSI/RNEGI/RCKI inputs enabled ATTN[1:0] Bridge Attenuation—The receive equalizer can automatically compensate for signal level attenuation caused by placement of bridge resistors in series with the normal receive termination resistance. Bridge compensation scales the equalizer coefficients because they are loaded from internal ROM; therefore, any change to the ATTN setting must be followed by an RLIU reset command (RST_LIU). N8370DSE ATTN Bridge Attenuation Bridge Resistance 00 0 dB None 01 –10 dB 300 Ω 10 –20 dB 1000 Ω 11 –30 dB 1500 Ω Conexant 3-39 Bt8370/8375/8376 3.7 Receive LIU Registers Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface 021—Receive LIU Status (RSTAT) 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 CPDERR JMPTY ZCSUB EXZ BPV — EYEOPEN PRE_EQ CPDERR CLAD Phase Detector Error—Indicates the CLAD phase detector has lost lock with respect to the selected CLADI reference clock. JMPTY JAT Empty/Full—Indicates whether the elastic store is within two unit intervals of being empty or two unit intervals of being full. JMPTY is not updated (holds its prior value) until the elastic store is within two unit intervals of its limit. The processor reads JMPTY and CPDERR to determine what event caused JERR or CKERR [addr 006]. ZCSUB EXZ 3-40 JMPTY JERR JAT Status X 0 No error 0 1 JAT Overflow 1 1 JAT Underrun Zero Code Substitution—Indicates one or more B8ZS/HDB3 substitution patterns have been detected on receiver input data, depending on T1/E1N [addr 001] line rate selection. ZCSUB is reported, regardless of whether or not ZCS decoding is enabled [RAMI; addr 040]. ZCSUB is latched active high upon detection of the first ZCS pattern, and the active high hold interval is defined by LATCH_ERR [addr 046]. ZCSUB T1/E1N ZCSUB Status 0 X No ZCS patterns detected 1 0 HDB3 pattern detected 1 1 B8ZS pattern detected Excessive Zeros—Reports one or more long strings of 0s detected on RTIP/RRING data inputs. Depending on bits RZCS [addr 040] and T1/E1N [addr 001], occurrences of 8, 10, or 16 consecutive zeros are detected. EXZ is latched active high upon detection of the first error. The active high hold interval is defined by LATCH_ERR [addr 046]. If EXZ_LCV [addr 045] is enabled, EXZ errors are also accumulated in LCV count [addr 054, 055]. EXZ T1/E1N RZCS 0 X X No error 1 0 X 10 consecutive 0s 1 1 0 16 consecutive 0s 1 1 1 8 consecutive 0s Conexant EXZ Status N8370DSE Bt8370/8375/8376 3.7 Receive LIU Registers Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface Bipolar Violation—Reports one or more bipolar violations detected on RTIP/RRING data inputs. Depending on RZCS [addr 040], the BPV may include bipolar violations received as part of a B8ZS or HDB3 0 code substitution. Detection of BPV or LCV errors can be selected, regardless of whether or not receive ZCS decoding is enabled [RAMI; addr 040]. BPV is latched active high upon detection of the first error. The active high hold interval is defined by LATCH_ERR [addr 046]. BPV errors are also accumulated in LCV count [addr 054, 055]. BPV BPV T1/E1N RZCS BPV Status 0 X X No error 1 0 0 All BPVs, including HDB3 coded BPV 1 0 1 Code violation per ITU 0.162 (two consecutive BPVs of same polarity) 1 1 0 All BPVs, including B8ZS coded BPV 1 1 1 Only BPVs that are not part of B8ZS EYEOPEN Equalization State—EYE OPEN indicates the real-time status of RLIU adaptive equalizer, and is intended only for diagnostic testing. Remains active as long as a valid receive AMI signal is present on RTIP/RRING. When SQUELCH [addr 020] is enabled and EYEOPEN status is 0, RLIU data outputs are forced to 0. 0= Indicates the received signal is not valid. 1= Indicates the received signal is valid and the RPLL is locked. PRE_EQ Pre-Equalizer status. Indicates whether the pre-equalizer is enabled (on) or disabled (off). 0= PRE_EQ is off 1= PRE_EQ is on See PRE_EQ register [addr 02A] 022—Receive LIU Configuration (RLIU_CR) 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 FRZ_SHORT HI_CSLICE AGC[1] AGC[0] EQ_FRZ OOR_BLOCK RLB0 LONG_EYE FRZ_SHORT Freeze equalizer for short lines—When set, the equalizer is not updated when the received signal is approximately –15 dB or larger. 0 = equalizer updates for all lines 1 = enable equalizer freezing if short line HI_CSLICE High Clock Slicer Threshold. 0 = normal operation AGC[1:0] AGC Observation Window—Set to 0x11 for normal operation. Determines the period, in bit times, for Automatic Gain Control updates. 00 = 32 bits 01 = 128 bits 10 = 512 bits 11 = 2048 bits EQ_FRZ Freeze EQ Coefficients. 0 = normal operation, equalizer always updates depending on FRZ_SHORT setting 1 = freeze coefficients, equalizer does not update. Does not affect AGC operation N8370DSE Conexant 3-41 Bt8370/8375/8376 3.7 Receive LIU Registers Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface OOR_BLOCK Disable Automatic RLBO—When active, automatic RLBO switching is disabled when the ADC is out of range. 0 = normal operation 1 = disable RLBO switching RLB0 Receiver Line Build Out—Enables receive signal attenuation. 0 = RLBO forced off (normal operation) 1 = enable automatic RLBO LONG_EYE Eye Open Timeout 0 = 4096 bit timeout 1 = 8192 bit timeout (normal operation) 023—RPLL Low Pass Filter (LPF) 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 — LPF[6] LPF[5] LPF[4] LPF[3] LPF[2] LPF[1] LPF[0] LPF[6:0] RPLL Low Pass Filter Gain—Reserved for CONEXANT Production test. Determines clock recovery RPLL input jitter tolerance and the worst case signal acquisition time. The initial default value is optimized for maximum input jitter tolerance. 024—Variable Gain Amplifier Maximum (VGA_MAX) 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 — — VGA_MAX[5] VGA_MAX[4] VGA_MAX[3] VGA_MAX[2] VGA_MAX[1] VGA_MAX[0] VGA_MAX[5:0] VGA Maximum—The processor can limit receiver sensitivity by programming the maximum allowable input signal gain into the VGA_MAX register. This option is used for short and medium haul interfaces that must declare loss of signal when the receive level falls below a certain level. The default value is 0x3F for Bt8370 and 0x2F for Bt8375/6. Table 3-10 contains approximate VGA_MAX settings for the receive sensitivity values. The sensitivity value is the received signal level (below nominal) at which analog loss of signal (RALOS) occurs. These values are applicable only when the RLBO and the PRE_EQ are disabled. RLBO is disabled when the receive level is less than about –8 dB, or when RLBO is forced off: RLBO = 0 (reg RLIU_CR [add 022]. The PRE_EQ is disabled when the receive level is greater than about –24 dB, or when it is forced off: register PRE_EQ [addr 02A] = (10XXXXXX). Table 3-10. VGA Maximum Settings for Receive Sensitivity Rx Sensitivity 0 dB –5 dB –10 dB –15 dB –20 dB –25 dB –30 dB –35 dB –40 dB –45 dB VGA_MAX 0x0B 0x12 0x19 0x1E 0x23 0x27 0x2C 0x2F 0x33 0x37 3-42 Conexant N8370DSE Bt8370/8375/8376 3.7 Receive LIU Registers Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface 025—Equalizer Coefficient Data Register (EQ_DAT) 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 EQ_DAT[7] EQ_DAT[6] EQ_DAT[5] EQ_DAT[4] EQ_DAT[3] EQ_DAT[2] EQ_DAT[1] EQ_DAT[0] EQ_DAT[7:0] Default value is set internally during RESET or RST_LIU. 026—Equalizer Coefficient Table Pointer (EQ_PTR) 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 — — EQ_PTR[5] EQ_PTR[4] EQ_PTR[3] EQ_PTR[2] EQ_PTR[1] EQ_PTR[0] EQ_PTR[5:0] Default value is set internally during RESET or RST_LIU. Pointer to 48-Byte (6 sets of 8) Coefficient table. 027—Data Slicer Threshold (DSLICE) 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 DSLICE[7] DSLICE[6] DSLICE[5] DSLICE[4] DSLICE[3] DSLICE[2] DSLICE[1] DSLICE[0] DSLICE[7:0] N8370DSE Internally set to default value during RESET or RST_LIU. DSLICE[7:6] = AGC Maximum Value DSLICE[5:4] = AGC Minimum Value DSLICE[3:0] = Data Slicer Threshold028—EQ Output Level (EQ_OUT) Conexant 3-43 Bt8370/8375/8376 3.7 Receive LIU Registers Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface 028—Equalizer Output Levels 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 EQ_OUT[7] EQ_OUT[6] EQ_OUT[5] EQ_OUT[4] EQ_OUT[3] EQ_OUT[2] EQ_OUT[1] EQ_OUT[0] EQ_OUT7:0] All EQ_OUT register bits are internally set to a default value during RESET. Under normal line operating conditions, the processor should not change this default value. 7 6 M1_ERR[1:0] 5 4 3 M2_ERR[1:0] 2 1 0 EQ_OUT[3:0] M1_ERR[1:0] Mode1 Eyeopen Threshold—Selects equalizer error tolerance during Mode1 (ACQUISITION state), specified as a percentage of the full-scale equalizer output. The equalizer automatically restarts if the average error output exceeds the selected threshold. 00 = ± 13% error tolerance 01 = ± 19% error tolerance 10 = ± 26% error tolerance 11 = ± 32% error tolerance (default) M2_ERR[1:0] Mode2 Eyeopen Threshold—Selects equalizer error tolerance during Mode2 (OPERATION state), specified as a percentage of the full-scale equalizer output. The equalizer automatically restarts if the average error output exceeds the selected threshold. During certain test situations, where the receive LIU bipolar signal level input is allowed to vary more than 15 dB without an intervening loss of signal condition, this ensures that the equalizer adapts to the modified input level. 0 = ± 13% error tolerance 01 = ± 19% error tolerance (default) 10 = ± 26% error tolerance 11 = ± 32% error tolerance EQ_OUT[3:0] Equalizer Output Level—Selects the targeted equalizer positive/negative pulse height, specified as a percentage of the full scale equalizer output. Figure 3-1 illustrates the equalizer’s eye pattern output level and its relationship to the M1_ERR and M2_ERR error tolerance thresholds. 1001 = 61% of full scale 1010 = 68% of full scale (default) 1011 = 74% of full scale 1100 = 81% of full scale 3-44 Conexant N8370DSE Bt8370/8375/8376 3.7 Receive LIU Registers Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface Figure 3-1. Receive Equalizer Eye Pattern Output ADDRESS 028 - EQ OUTPUT LEVEL (EQ_OUT) EQUALIZER OUTPUT ± Error Tolerance Positive Pulse Height ± Full Scale Negative Pulse Height ± Error Tolerance 029—Variable Gain Amplifier Status 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 — — VGA[5] VGA[4] VGA[3] VGA[2] VGA[1] VGA[0] VGA[5:0] Indicates the current VGA gain level. The processor must write to this register (any value) before reading it to allow internal latches to update. The internal VGA has 64 gain values with code value 0x3F (63 dec) equal to maximum gain. The processor can estimate the line attenuation (or received signal level) in dB relative to a 3 V peak pulse level, according to the following table: Line Attenuation 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 64dB VGA Gain 0x0F 0x1C 0x23 0x2B 0x34 0x3A 0x3D 0x3F (max) or: 0.77 dB/step—under 10 dB 1.25 dB/step—10–40 dB 1.67 dB/step—40–50 dB 2.80 dB/step—50 dB N8370DSE Conexant 3-45 Bt8370/8375/8376 3.7 Receive LIU Registers Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface 02A—Pre_Equalizer (PRE_EQ) 7 6 FORCE ON PRE_EQ[7:0] 5 4 3 2 1 0 VTHRESH[5:0] Internally set to default value during RESET or RST_LIU. PRE_EQ is an analog filter that resides after the VGA and which operates independently of the adaptive digital equalizer. PRE_EQ compensates for distortion introduced by long and extended long-haul lines. To configure this register, please see Table 3-9, Receive LIU Register Settings versus Application. Force ON 0 X Auto 1 1 Forced On 1 0 Forced Off 030–037—LMS Adjusted Equalizer Coefficient Status (COEFF) 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 COEFF[7] COEFF[6] COEFF[5] COEFF[4] COEFF[3] COEFF[2] COEFF[1] COEFF[0] COEFF[7:0] 8-Bit Adjusted Coefficient. 038–03C—Equalizer Gain Thresholds (GAIN) 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 — — GAIN[5] GAIN[4] GAIN[3] GAIN[2] GAIN[1] GAIN[0] GAIN[5:0] 3-46 Default loaded from ROM after RESET or RST_LIU. Conexant N8370DSE Bt8370/8375/8376 3.8 Receiver Registers Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface 3.8 Receiver Registers Unused bits indicated by a dash (—) are reserved and should be written to 0. Writing to reserved bits has no effect. 040—Receiver Configuration (RCR0) 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 RAMI RABORT RFORCE RLOFD RLOFC RLOFB RLOFA RZCS RAMI Receive AMI Encoded Inputs—Disables B8ZS/HDB3 decoding for AMI-formatted RTIP/RRING receive signals. Otherwise, the ZCS decoder replaces the 000VB0VB code (B8ZS) with 8 zeros in T1 mode, or replaces the X00V code (HDB3) with four zeros in E1 mode; where B is a normal AMI pulse, V is a bipolar violation, and X is a “don't-care.” Regardless of RAMI setting, receipt of a ZCS signature is always detected and reported in ZCSUB status [RSTAT; addr 021]. 0 = receive B8ZS/HDB3 line format 1 = receive AMI line format RABORT Abort/Disable RX Offline Framer—When set, the offline framer ignores reframe requests from the online framer (RLOF) and aborts any in-progress RLOF reframe request. Loss of Frame status [RLOF; addr 047] is not affected. While RABORT remains set, the offline framer only responds to processor forced reframes (RFORCE). This allows the processor to manually control reframe criteria and prevent changes in the current receive frame alignment. RABORT is typically set only during unframed operation. 0 = normal framer operation 1 = framer disabled RFORCE Force RX Reframe—Forces the offline framer to perform a single reframe according to selected receive framer mode. RFORCE is automatically cleared when the offline framer acknowledges the request [FSTAT; addr 017]. The processor typically does not need to force the reframe since the online framer reframe request (RLOF) is active whenever reframe criteria (RLOFD–A) is met. However, the processor may force a reframe if the frame or CRC error ratios indicate the framer might have aligned to a duplicated frame alignment pattern. 0 = no effect 1 = force RX reframe N8370DSE Conexant 3-47 Bt8370/8375/8376 3.8 Receiver Registers RLOFD–RLOFA Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface RX Reframe Criteria—Determines the number of frame errors the online framer must detect before declaring a loss of frame alignment [ALM1; addr 047]. Refer to the Receive Framer mode in [RFRAME; addr 001] (Table 2-3, Criteria for Loss/Recovery of Receive Framer Alignment) to find which frame bits are monitored. T1/E1N RLOFD–A Reframe Criteria 0 0100 3 Consecutive FAS or 915 CRC errors 0 1100 3 Consecutive FAS Errors 1 0001 2 out of 4 F-bit errors 1 0010 2 out of 5 F-bit errors 1 0100 2 out of 6 F-bit errors Other RLOFD–RLOFA combinations are invalid. RAIS and RLOF status is disabled if RLOFD–RLOFA equal all zeros. NOTE: Receive B8ZS/HDB3 Zero Code Substitution (affects only BPV/LCV/EXZ counting)—When set, the ZCS decoder does not include bipolar violations received as part of a B8ZS/HDB3 code in the LCV error count [addr 054, 055]. Otherwise, all bipolar violations are counted. EXZ detection criteria is either 8 or 16 consecutive zeros, depending on the RZCS configuration. 0 = ZCS decoder reports all occurrences of BPV; also selects EXZ = 16 zeros 1 = ZCS decoder does not report BPVs received as part of ZCS; also selects EXZ = 8 zeros RZCS 041—Receive Test Pattern Configuration (RPATT) 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 — — RESEED BSTART FRAMED ZLIMIT RPATT[1] RPATT[0] RESEED Re-seed PRBS Sync Detector (auto clear)—If BSTART is active high, writing a one to RESEED forces the PRBS sync detector to reseed and search for test pattern sync [PSYNC; addr 00B]. The reseed and search algorithm remains active until a test pattern sync is found. 0 = no effect 1 = reseed and search for test pattern sync When inverted data mode is selected, initiating RESEED [RPATT; addr 041] while receiving all 1s will cause false pattern sync. In such cases, check receive slip buffers to see if not all 1s is being received, then re-enable RESEED. BSTART Enable PRBS Detector and Start Counting PRBS Bit Errors—BERR [addr 058, 059] counting is enabled when BSTART is active high and a pattern sync is found [PSYNC=1; addr 00B]; otherwise, the BERR counter holds its present value until cleared by a processor read. 0 = PRBS detector disabled and BERR stops counting 1 = enable PRBS detector and BERR counter 3-48 Conexant N8370DSE Bt8370/8375/8376 3.8 Receiver Registers Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface FRAMED PRBS Framed—When set, PRBS test pattern bits are not checked during framing bit positions. In T1 mode, F-bit locations are not searched. In E1 mode, time slot 0 and time slot 16 (if CAS framing is selected) are not searched. CAS framing is selected by setting RFRAME[3] to 1 in the Primary Control register [CR0; addr 001]. If FRAMED is disabled, the PRBS pattern receiver searches all time slots for the test pattern. FRAMED, ZLIMIT, and RPATT establish the test pattern measurement type as listed in Table 3-11. Table 3-11. Receive PRBS Test Pattern FRAMED ZLIMIT RPATT Test Pattern Inversion 0 0 00 Unframed 211 No 0 0 01 Unframed 215 Yes 0 0 10 Unframed 220 No 0 0 11 Unframed 223 Yes 0 1 00 Unframed 211 with 7 0 limit No 0 1 01 Unframed 215 with 7 0 limit (non-std) No 0 1 10 Unframed 220 with 14 0 limit (QRSS/QRS/QRTS) No 0 1 11 Unframed 223 with 14 0 limit (non-std) No 1 0 00 Framed 211 No 1 0 01 Framed 215 Yes 1 0 10 Framed 220 No 1 0 11 Framed 223 Yes 1 1 00 Framed 211 with 7 0 limit No 1 1 01 Framed 215 with 7 0 limit (non-std) No 1 1 10 Framed 220 with 14 0 limit (QRSS/QRS/QRTS) No 1 1 11 Framed 223 with 14 0 limit (non-std) No ZLIMIT PRBS 0 Limit—Determines the number of consecutive zeros allowed within the selected PRBS test pattern. Refer to Table 3-11 for test pattern measurement options. RPATT[1:0] PRBS Test Pattern—Selects one of four PRBS test pattern lengths used to measure the received bit error ratio during out of service testing. Refer to Table 3-11 for test pattern measurement options. PRBS test patterns used by RPATT [addr 041] and TPATT [addr 076] are defined in the ITU standards O.151 and O.152 to use either inverted or non-inverted data. Bt8370/8375/8376 uses the standard data inversion option for the selected PRBS test pattern unless ZLIMIT is enabled, in which case the test pattern always uses non-inverted data. N8370DSE Conexant 3-49 Bt8370/8375/8376 3.8 Receiver Registers Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface 042—Receive Loopback Code Detector Configuration (RLB) 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 — — — — DN_LEN[1] DN_LEN[0] UP_LEN[1] UP_LEN[0] DN_LEN[1:0] UP_LEN[1:0] Loopback Deactivate Code Length—Selects the number of loopback pattern bits from LBD [addr 044] that are compared to received data to determine it a Loopback Deactivate Code [LOOPDN; addr 048] is detected. LOOPDN is recovered if the received data pattern contains fewer than 63 bit errors in a 24 ms period. LOOPDN is lost if 64 or more bit errors are detected in a subsequent 24 ms period. F-bits that overwrite or are inserted into the loopback pattern are not counted as bit errors. Accurate code detection is provided on lines with up to 1E-3 BER. DN_LEN LBD Length 00 4 Bits 01 5 Bits 10 6 Bits 11 7 Bits Loopback Activate Code Length—Selects the number of loopback pattern bits from LBA [addr 043] that are compared with received data to determine if a Loopback Activate Code [LOOPUP; addr 048] is detected. LOOPUP is recovered if received data pattern contains fewer than 63 bit errors in a 24 ms period. LOOPUP is lost if 64 or more bit errors are detected in a subsequent 24 ms period. F-bits that overwrite or are inserted into the loopback pattern are not counted as bit errors. Accurate code detection is provided on lines with up to 1E-3 BER. UP_LEN LBA Length 00 4 Bits 01 5 Bits 10 6 Bits 11 7 Bits 043—Loopback Activate Code Pattern (LBA) 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 LBA[1] LBA[2] LBA[3] LBA[4] LBA[5] LBA[6] LBA[7] — LBA[1] First bit expected of LOOPUP pattern LBA[2] Second bit expected of LOOPUP pattern LBA[3] Third bit expected of LOOPUP pattern LBA[4] Fourth bit expected—Last bit if UP_LEN selects a 4-bit pattern. LBA[5] Fifth bit expected—Last bit if UP_LEN selects a 5-bit pattern. LBA[6] Sixth bit expected—Last bit if UP_LEN selects a 6-bit pattern. LBA[7] Seventh bit expected—Last bit if UP_LEN selects a 7-bit pattern. 3-50 Conexant N8370DSE Bt8370/8375/8376 3.8 Receiver Registers Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface 044—Loopback Deactivate Code Pattern (LBD) 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 LBD[1] LBD[2] LBD[3] LBD[4] LBD[5] LBD[6] LBD[7] — LBD[1] First bit expected of LOOPDN pattern LBD[2] Second bit expected of LOOPDN pattern LBD[3] Third bit expected of LOOPDN pattern LBD[4] Fourth bit expected—Last bit if DN_LEN selects a 4-bit pattern. LBD[5] Fifth bit expected—Last bit if DN_LEN selects a 5-bit pattern. LBD[6] Sixth bit expected—Last bit if DN_LEN selects a 6-bit pattern. LBD[7] Seventh bit expected—Last bit if DN_LEN selects a 7-bit pattern. 045—Receive Alarm Signal Configuration (RALM) 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 — — FS_NFAS EXZ_LCV YEL_INTEG RLOF_INTEG 0(1) RPCM_AIS NOTE(S): (1) Bit 1 must be written to 0. FS_NFAS Include FS/NFAS in FERR and FRED—Selects whether Fs bit errors (T1) or NFAS Bit 2 errors (E1) are counted as frame errors [FERR; addr 050, 051], and loss of frame alignment [FRED; addr 049] includes Fs or NFAS bit errors as part of the detection criteria. A number of Fs bit locations checked also depends on JYEL framer mode. 0 = FERR and FRED do not include FS/NFAS 1 = FERR and FRED include FS/NFAS EXZ_LCV Excess Zeros Included in LCV—Select line code violation error count [LCV; addr 054, 055] includes EXZ errors. Depending on RZCS bit setting [addr 040], each EXZ is equal to either 8 or 16 consecutive zeros. 0 = LCV does not include EXZ 1 = LCV includes EXZ YEL_INTEG Enable Yellow Alarm Integration—When set, both the receive frame and multiframe Yellow Alarms [RYEL and RMYEL; addr 047] are integrated, as described in Table 3-13, Receive Yellow Alarm Set/Clear Criteria (per the selected framer mode). RYEL and RMYEL interrupt status [ISR7; addr 004] are similarly affected. 0 = normal RYEL and RMYEL status 1 = integrated RYEL and RMYEL status N8370DSE Conexant 3-51 Bt8370/8375/8376 3.8 Receiver Registers Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface RLOF_INTEG Enable RLOF Integration—When set, the receive loss of frame status [RLOF; addr 047] is integrated for 2.0 to 2.5 seconds during T1 framer modes (not applicable to E1 modes). RLOF interrupt status [ISR7; addr 004] is also integrated. However, receive framer status in ALM3 [addr 049], loss of frame count [FRED[3:0]; addr 05A] and RLOF counter overflow [ISR4; addr 007] are unaffected. RLOF_INTEG does not meet the requirements of TR62411. To meet the requirements of TR62411 “Conditions Causing The Initiation of Carrier Failure Alarms,” the receive loss of frame condition reported by FRED (addr 049) must be integrated before initiating Yellow Alarm Transmission. This can be accomplished in software by integrating FRED during an RLOF Interrupt (ISR7; addr 004), with RLOF_INTEG bit cleared. 0 = normal RLOF status 1 = integrated RLOF [addr 047] status RPCM_AIS Send AIS on RPCMO Output Pin—Replaces RPCMO data with a continuous series of all 1s. RPCM_AIS is useful in CSU or digital section applications, where the local interface must be able to forward an AIS to the opposing interface. 0 = normal RPCMO data 1 = RPCMO replaced with all ones 046—Alarm/Error/Counter Latch Configuration (LATCH) 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 — — — — STOP_CNT LATCH_CNT LATCH_ERR LATCH_ALM STOP_CNT Stop Error Count during RLOF/RLOS/RAIS—When enabled, error count registers [addr 050–057] are suspended at their present values during one of the following conditions: receive loss of frame (RLOF), loss of signal (RLOS), or all 1s (RAIS) alarm condition. STOP_CNT does not affect the counting of test pattern errors [BERR; addr 058, 059] or alarm events [AERR; addr 05A]. The occurrence of a red or AIS CGA inhibits further processing of all other performance parameters (i.e., BER, errored seconds, SLIPS). However, a CGA caused by a Yellow Alarm does not inhibit further alarm or performance monitoring. 0 = Continue error count during alarms 1 = Stop error count during alarms LATCH_CNT Enable ONESEC Latching of Counters—Determines the interval for which error counts remain held in all count registers [addr 050–057]. LATCH_CNT must be active in T1 mode whenever automatic 1-second performance report messaging [AUTO_PRM; addr 0AA] is enabled. LATCH_CNT is active during E1 mode; the processor cannot use the RLOF counter overflow [addr 007] as a 128 ms MFAS timeout. When the LATCH_CNT is inactive, the processor read of the LSB register reports the current LSB error count, it latches the current MSB error count to the MSB register, and then it clears LSB. Subsequently, reading the MSB register reports current latched MSB error count and then clears MSB. 3-52 LATCH_CNT Count Latched Count Hold Time 0 Never Until read clear 1 ONESEC interval ONESEC interval Conexant N8370DSE Bt8370/8375/8376 3.8 Receiver Registers Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface LATCH_ERR Enable ONESEC Latching of Errors—Determines the interval for which latched active errors are held in error interrupt [ISR5; addr 006] and in pattern interrupt [ISR0; addr 00B] status. IER LATCH_ALM LATCH_ERR ISR Latched ISR Hold Time 0 0 Rising edge event Until read clear 0 1 Rising edge event ONESEC interval 1 X Rising edge event Until read clear Enable ONESEC Latching of Alarms—Determines the interval for which latched active alarms remain held in alarm interrupt status [ISR7, ISR6; addr 004, 005]. IER LATCH_ALM ISR Latched 0 0 Rising edge or transition Until read clear 0 1 Rising edge or transition ONESEC interval 1 X Rising edge or transition Until read clear NOTE: ISR Hold Time Interrupt type determines rising edge or transition event. 047—Alarm 1 Status (ALM1) ALM1 reports current status of receive alarms. Any change in the current status activates the corresponding interrupt status bit [ISR7; addr 004]. 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 RMYEL RYEL — RAIS RALOS RLOS RLOF SIGFRZ RMYEL Receive Multiframe Yellow Alarm—Real-time or integrated RMYEL status depends on the selected framer mode and the Yellow Alarm integration mode [YEL_INTEG; addr 045]. Refer to Table 3-12 for mode summary and Table 3-13 for set/clear criteria. For YF detection, DL1 must be configured for FDL operation and RDL1_EN set to one. Also, RBOP_START must be set to one in register BOP [addr 0A0]. Refer to registers DL1_TS [addr 0A4] and DL1_CTL [addr 0A6]. 0 = no alarm 1 = receive multiframe Yellow Alarm Table 3-12. Receive Yellow Alarm Receive Framer Mode YEL_INTEG = 0 YEL_INTEG = 1 RYEL RMYEL RYEL RMYEL FT/SF/SLC YB2 — YB2_INT — JYEL YJ — YJ_INT — T1DM Y24 — Y24_INT — ESF YB2 YF YB2_INT YF_INT FAS Y0 — Y0_INT — CAS Y0 Y16 Y0_INT Y16_INT NOTE(S): Last known frame alignment is used to locate and monitor Yellow Alarms. Therefore, RYEL and RMYEL do not accurately report alarms during receive loss of frame alignment [RLOF; addr 047]. N8370DSE Conexant 3-53 Bt8370/8375/8376 3.8 Receiver Registers Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface Table 3-13. Receive Yellow Alarm Set/Clear Criteria Mode Set/Clear Criteria Y0 Set for 4 frames (500 µs) if 2 consecutive NFAS frames each contain TS0 bit 3 = 1. Cleared for 4 frames if 2 consecutive NFAS frames each contain TS0 bit 3 = 0. Y0_INT Set for 16 multiframes (32 ms) if every NFAS frame contains TS0 bit 3 = 1. Cleared for 16 multiframes if 1 or more NFAS frame contains TS0 bit 3 = 0. Y16 Set for 2 multiframes (4 ms) if frame 0 in 2 consecutive multiframes each contain TS16 bit 6 = 1. Cleared for 2 multiframe if frame 0 in 2 consecutive multiframes each contain TS16 bit 6 = 0. Y16_INT Set for 16 multiframes (32 ms) if every frame 0 contains TS16 bit 6 = 1. Cleared for 16 multiframes if 1 or more frame 0 contains TS16 bit 6 = 0. YB2 Set for 1 frame (125 µs) if all 24 time slots contain bit 2 = 0. Cleared for 1 frame if 1 or more time slots contain bit 2 = 1. YB2_INT Set for 192 frames (24 ms) if fewer than 15 time slots contain bit 2 = 1. Cleared for 192 frames if 15 or more time slots contain bit 2 = 1. YJ Set for 1 multiframe (1.5 ms) if frame 12 contains Fs bit = 1. Cleared for 1 multiframe if frame 12 contains Fs bit = 0. YJ_INT Set for 16 multiframes (24 ms) if each frame 12 contains Fs bit = 1. Set for 16 multiframes (24 ms) if 1 or more frame 12 contains Fs bit = 0. Y24 Set for 1 frame (125 µs) if TS24 contains bit 6 = 0. Cleared for 1 frame if TS24 contains bit 6 = 1. Y24_INT Set for 192 frames (24 ms) if each TS24 bit 6 = 0. Cleared for 192 frames if 1 or more TS24 bit 6 = 1. YF Set for 32 frames (4 ms) if 16 FDL bits contain Yellow Alarm priority codeword pattern (00FFh). Cleared for 32 frames if 16 FDL bits do not contain a Yellow Alarm priority codeword pattern. YF_INT Set upon reception of 16 FDL bits matching Yellow Alarm priority codeword and remains set as long as the codeword pattern is not interrupted for greater than 100 ms. Cleared when the Yellow Alarm priority codeword is not present for more than 100 ms (26 missing codewords = 104 ms). 3-54 Conexant N8370DSE Bt8370/8375/8376 3.8 Receiver Registers Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface RYEL Receive Yellow Alarm—Real-time or integrated RYEL status depends on both the selected receive framer and Yellow Alarm integration modes [YEL_INTEG; addr 045]. Refer to Table 3-12, Receive Yellow Alarm for a mode summary and Table 3-13, Receive Yellow Alarm Set/Clear Criteria for set/clear criteria. 0 = No alarm 1 = Receive Yellow Alarm RAIS Receive Alarm Indication Signal—Criteria for detection and clearance of RAIS, per ITU G.775 and ANSI T1.231. RALOS RLOS N8370DSE Mode RAIS Set/Clear Criteria E1 0 Cleared if two consecutive double frames (500 µs) each contain three or more zeros out of 512 bits, or if FAS alignment is recovered [FRED = 0; addr 049]. E1 1 Set if two consecutive double frames each contain two or fewer zeros out of 512 bits, and when FAS alignment is lost [FRED = 1; addr 049]. T1 0 Cleared if data received for a period of 3 ms contains five or more zeros out of 4,632 bits, or if the frame alignment is recovered [FRED = 0; addr 049]. T1 1 Set if data received for a period of 3 ms contains four or fewer zeros out of 4632 bits, and the frame alignment is lost [FRED = 1; addr 049]. Receive Analog Loss of Signal or RCKI Loss of Clock—Real-time RALOS status depends on the selection of receive bipolar or digital inputs [RDIGI; addr 020]. RDIGI RALOS Set/Clear Criteria 0 0 Cleared if AGC gain setting is less than VGA_MAX. 0 1 Set if AGC gain setting equals VGA_MAX [addr 024]. This indicates that the RTIP/RRING input signal amplitude remains below the programmed input signal threshold for more than 1 ms. 1 0 Cleared if RCKI transitions at least once in 125 µs. 1 1 Set when RCKI remains low for 125 µs. Receive Loss of Signal—Criteria for detection and clearance of RLOS per ITU G.775 and T1.231. Mode RLOS Set/Clear Criteria T1 0 Cleared if the received data sustains an average pulse density of 12.5% over a period of 114 bits, starting with the receipt of a pulse—and no occurrence of 100 consecutive zeros. T1 1 Set if 100 consecutive zeros are received. E1 0 Cleared upon reception of 192 bits in which no interval of 32 consecutive zeros appears where the 192-bit window begins with receipt of a pulse. E1 1 Set upon reception of 32 consecutive 0s. Conexant 3-55 Bt8370/8375/8376 3.8 Receiver Registers Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface RLOF Receive Loss of Frame Alignment—Real-time or integrated RLOF status depends on selected receive framer mode, out of frame criteria [RLOFA–RLOFD; addr 040], and integration mode [RLOF_INTEG; addr 045]. Refer to Table A-1 through A-7 in Appendix A to find which frame bits are monitored. Refer to Table 3-2, Receive Framer Modes for loss/recovery criteria. During E1 mode, RLOF indicates the logically OR'ed status of FAS/MFAS/CAS alignment machines from which individual alignment status is reported separately in FRED/MRED/SRED [addr 049]. 0 = no alarm 1 = receive loss of frame alignment SIGFRZ Signaling Freeze—Real-time SIGFRZ status indicates when input ABCD signaling bit updates are no longer being written to the receive signaling buffer [RSIGn; addr IA0–IBF]. Consequently, ABCD signaling on RPCMO (if signaling insertion is enabled) and RSIGO output pins are fixed to their existing buffered values. SIGFRZ remains active for 6 to 12 ms longer after COFA or RLOF clears. SIGFRZ status is also affected by manual SIGFRZ on/off controls [RSIG_CR; addr 0D7]. 0 = no alarm (or FRZ_OFF) 1 = signaling freeze (or FRZ_ON) 048—Alarm 2 Status (ALM2) Reports real-time status of transmit alarms and inband loopback codeword detectors. Any change in the current status activates the corresponding interrupt status bit [ISR6; addr 005]. 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 LOOPDN LOOPUP — TSHORT TLOC — TLOF — LOOPDN Inband Loopback Deactivate—Reports detection or loss of an inband loopback code which matches the programmed LOOPDN code [LBD; addr 044]. 0 = no inband code (or lost) 1 = LOOPDN code detected LOOPUP Inband Loopback Activate—Reports detection or loss of an inband loopback code which matches the programmed LOOPUP code [LBA; addr 043]. 0 = no inband code (or lost) 1 = LOOPUP code detected TSHORT Transmit Short Circuit—Indicates transmit line driver output has reached its 50 mA current limit, which is typically caused by either a short circuited transmit cable or transmission line transient surge current. 0 = normal 1 = short circuit (50 mA current limited) TLOC Transmit Loss of Clock—Clock monitor circuit reports that transmit clock (TXCLK) is lost if no signal transitions are detected for 8 clock cycles of ACKI. TXCLK is reported as present if four or more signal transitions are detected during 8 clock cycles of ACKI. When used in conjunction with AISCLK [addr 068], TLOC also identifies if ACKI is in use and AIS data transmission is enforced. TLOC status is indeterminate if the ACKI input signal is not present. 0 = transmit clock present 1 = transmit clock lost TLOF Transmit Loss of Frame Alignment—Reports transmit framer status per selected mode [TFRAME; addr 070] and loss criteria [TLOFA–TLOFC; addr 071]. 0 = recovered 1 = lost 3-56 Conexant N8370DSE Bt8370/8375/8376 3.8 Receiver Registers Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface 049—Alarm 3 Status (ALM3) Reports real-time status of the receive framer (not affected by ONESEC latch mode), and miscellaneous latched error status (SEF and RMAIS). Any change of the logical OR of FRED, MRED, or SRED status activates the RLOF interrupt [ISR7; addr 004]. Refer to Table 3-2, Receive Framer Modes [RFRAME; addr 001] to find the criteria for loss/recovery of frame alignment. 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 — RMAIS SEF SRED MRED FRED LOF[1] LOF[0] RMAIS Receive TS16 Alarm Indication Signal (CAS mode only)—RMAIS is latched active high and cleared by a processor read. The criteria for detection and clearance of RMAIS is per ITU G.775. Mode SEF RMAIS Criteria CAS Set if TS16 contains three or fewer zeros out of 128 bits in each mutiframe over two consecutive multiframes (4 ms). Other Not applicable (read 0). Severely Errored Frame—SEF is latched active high and cleared by a processor read. Criteria for detection and clearance of SEF is per ANSI T1.231. Mode E1 SEF Criteria Set if two or more (FAS or NFAS) errors are detected out of six frames. (FAS + NFAS, or 2 FAS, or 2 NFAS errors, etc.). FT/SF/SLC Set if two or more Ft errors are detected out of 3 Ft bits. ESF Set if two or more FPS errors detected out of 6 FPS bits. SRED Loss of CAS Alignment—Real-time status of CAS alignment machine. SRED is applicable if CAS is enabled; otherwise SRED is 0. 0 = recovery of CAS alignment 1 = loss of CAS alignment MRED Loss of MFAS Alignment—Real-time status of MFAS alignment machine. MRED is applicable if MFAS is enabled; otherwise MRED is 0. 0 = recovery of MFAS alignment 1 = loss of MFAS alignment FRED Loss of T1/FAS Alignment—Real-time status of basic frame alignment machine. The FRED alarm counter [AERR; addr 05A] increments for each low-to-high FRED transition. 0 = recovery of frame alignment 1 = loss of frame alignment. LOF[1:0] Reason for Loss of Frame Alignment—LOF status is latched whenever FRED reports a loss of frame alignment and remains held at the latched value until the next loss of frame alignment. LOF[1:0] N8370DSE LOF Criteria 00 Three consecutive FAS pattern errors 01 Three consecutive NFAS pattern errors 10 915 or more CRC4 errors out of 1000 blocks checked 11 8 ms timeout while searching for MFAS Conexant 3-57 Bt8370/8375/8376 3.9 Performance Monitoring Registers Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface 3.9 Performance Monitoring Registers Unused bits indicated by a dash (—) are reserved and should be written to 0. Writing to reserved bits has no effect. If the counter overflow interrupt [IER4; addr 00F] is enabled for the respective performance monitoring counter, the counter rolls over after reaching its maximum count value. If the overflow interrupt is disabled, the counter holds maximum value upon saturation. Refer to LATCH [addr 046] for a description of 1-second latched counter operation. The processor must read the Least Significant Byte (LSB) before reading the Most Significant Byte (MSB) of each multi-byte counter. 050—Framing Bit Error Counter LSB (FERR) 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 FERR[7] FERR[6] FERR[5] FERR[4] FERR[3] FERR[2] FERR[1] FERR[0] FERR[7:0] Ft/Fs/T1DM/FPS/FAS Error Count 051—Framing Bit Error Counter MSB (FERR) If LATCH_CNT [addr 046] is inactive, reading FERR [addr 051] clears the entire FERR[11:0] count value. 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 0 0 0 0 FERR[11] FERR[10] FERR[9] FERR[8] FERR[11:8] Ft/Fs/T1DM/FPS/FAS Error Count 052—CRC Error Counter LSB (CERR) 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 CERR[7] CERR[6] CERR[5] CERR[4] CERR[3] CERR[2] CERR[1] CERR[0] CERR[7:0] 3-58 CRC6/CRC4 Error Count Conexant N8370DSE Bt8370/8375/8376 3.9 Performance Monitoring Registers Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface 053—CRC Error Counter MSB (CERR) If LATCH_CNT [addr 046] is inactive, reading CERR [addr 053] clears the entire CERR[9:0] count value. 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 0 0 0 0 0 0 CERR[9] CERR[8] CERR[9:8] CRC6/CRC4 Error Count 054—Line Code Violation Counter LSB (LCV) 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 LCV[7] LCV[6] LCV[5] LCV[4] LCV[3] LCV[2] LCV[1] LCV[0] LCV[7:0] BPV and EXZ (if EXZ_LCV enabled) Error Count 055—Line Code Violation Counter MSB (LCV) If LATCH_CNT [addr 046] is inactive, reading LCV [addr 055] clears the entire LCV[15:0] count value. 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 LCV[15] LCV[14] LCV[13] LCV[12] LCV[11] LCV[10] LCV[9] LCV[8] LCV[15:8] BPV and EXZ (if EXZ_LCV enabled) Error Count 056—Far End Block Error Counter LSB (FEBE) 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 FEBE[7] FEBE[6] FEBE[5] FEBE[4] FEBE[3] FEBE[2] FEBE[1] FEBE[0] FEBE[7:0] FEBE Count (applicable only in E1 mode); invalid FEBE count is reported in T1 mode. 057—Far End Block Error Counter MSB (FEBE) If LATCH_CNT [addr 046] is inactive, reading FEBE [addr 056, 057] clears the entire FEBE[9:0] count value. 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 0 0 0 0 0 0 FEBE[9] FEBE[8] FEBE[9:8] N8370DSE FEBE Count (applicable only in E1 mode) Conexant 3-59 Bt8370/8375/8376 3.9 Performance Monitoring Registers Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface 058—PRBS Bit Error Counter LSB (BERR) Reading BERR transfers the most recent 12-bit count from the internal PRBS error counter to BERR[11:0], and clears the internal error counter without affecting the reported BERR[11:0] value. Subsequent reads of BERR MSB [addr 059] report the BERR [11:8] count value latched when the BERR LSB was last read. 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 BERR[7] BERR[6] BERR[5] BERR[4] BERR[3] BERR[2] BERR[1] BERR[0] BERR[7:0] BERR Count (applicable only for test pattern) 059—PRBS Bit Error Counter MSB (BERR) 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 0 0 0 0 BERR[11] BERR[10] BERR[9] BERR[8] BERR[11:8] BERR Count (suspended if BSTART = 0) 05A—SEF/LOF/COFA Alarm Counter (AERR) Reading AERR clears the SEF[1:0], COFA[1:0] and FRED[3:0] count values. 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 FRED[3] FRED[2] FRED[1] FRED[0] COFA[1] COFA[0] SEF[1] SEF[0] FRED[3:0] Receive Loss of Frame Count—Increments for each occurrence of FRED [ALM3; addr 049]. The 4-bit count is large enough to count more than 100 ms of MFAS timeout intervals (8 ms each) during E1 modes. The processor can therefore use the FRED counter overflow interrupt to indicate that a receive MFAS alignment search has timed out. COFA[1:0] Change of Frame Alignment Count—Increments each time the offline framer generates a reframe pulse that aligns the receiver timebase to a new bit position. Applicable to T1 modes only. SEF[1:0] Severely Errored Frame Count—Increments for each occurrence of SEF [ALM3; addr 049]. 3-60 Conexant N8370DSE Bt8370/8375/8376 3.10 Receive Sa-Byte Buffers Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface 3.10 Receive Sa-Byte Buffers Unused bits indicated by a dash (—) are reserved and should be written to 0. Writing to reserved bits has no effect. Five receive Sa-Byte buffers [RSA4–RSA8] are double-buffered. All five registers are updated with the Sa-bits received in TS0 of odd frames at each receive multiframe interrupt [RMF; addr 008]. Bit 0 of all RSA registers contains data from frame 1, bit 1 contains data from frame 3, bit 2 contains data from frame 5, and so on. This gives the processor a full 2 ms after RMF-interrupt to read any Sa-Byte buffer before the contents change. The processor ignores RSA buffer contents during T1 mode, and when the receiver reports a loss of FAS alignment [FRED=1; addr 049] in E1 mode. 05B—Receive Sa4 Byte Buffer (RSA4) 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 RSA4[7] RSA4[6] RSA4[5] RSA4[4] RSA4[3] RSA4[2] RSA4[1] RSA4[0] RSA4[7] Sa4 bit received in frame 15 RSA4[6] Sa4 bit received in frame 13 RSA4[5] Sa4 bit received in frame 11 RSA4[4] Sa4 bit received in frame 9 RSA4[3] Sa4 bit received in frame 7 RSA4[2] Sa4 bit received in frame 5 RSA4[1] Sa4 bit received in frame 3 RSA4[0] Sa4 bit received in frame 1 05C—Receive Sa5 Byte Buffer (RSA5) 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 RSA5[7] RSA5[6] RSA5[5] RSA5[4] RSA5[3] RSA5[2] RSA5[1] RSA5[0] RSA5[7] Sa5 bit received in frame 15 RSA5[6] Sa5 bit received in frame 13 RSA5[5] Sa5 bit received in frame 11 RSA5[4] Sa5 bit received in frame 9 RSA5[3] Sa5 bit received in frame 7 RSA5[2] Sa5 bit received in frame 5 RSA5[1] Sa5 bit received in frame 3 RSA5[0] Sa5 bit received in frame 1 N8370DSE Conexant 3-61 Bt8370/8375/8376 3.10 Receive Sa-Byte Buffers Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface 05D—Receive Sa6 Byte Buffer (RSA6) 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 RSA6[7] RSA6[6] RSA6[5] RSA6[4] RSA6[3] RSA6[2] RSA6[1] RSA6[0] RSA6[7] Sa6 bit received in frame 15 RSA6[6] Sa6 bit received in frame 13 RSA6[5] Sa6 bit received in frame 11 RSA6[4] Sa6 bit received in frame 9 RSA6[3] Sa6 bit received in frame 7 RSA6[2] Sa6 bit received in frame 5 RSA6[1] Sa6 bit received in frame 3 RSA6[0] Sa6 bit received in frame 1 05E—Receive Sa7 Byte Buffer (RSA7) 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 RSA7[7] RSA7[6] RSA7[5] RSA7[4] RSA7[3] RSA7[2] RSA7[1] RSA7[0] RSA7[7] Sa7 bit received in frame 15 RSA7[6] Sa7 bit received in frame 13 RSA7[5] Sa7 bit received in frame 11 RSA7[4] Sa7 bit received in frame 9 RSA7[3] Sa7 bit received in frame 7 RSA7[2] Sa7 bit received in frame 5 RSA7[1] Sa7 bit received in frame 3 RSA7[0] Sa7 bit received in frame 1 3-62 Conexant N8370DSE Bt8370/8375/8376 3.10 Receive Sa-Byte Buffers Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface 05F—Receive Sa8 Byte Buffer (RSA8) 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 RSA8[7] RSA8[6] RSA8[5] RSA8[4] RSA8[3] RSA8[2] RSA8[1] RSA8[0] RSA8[7] Sa8 bit received in frame 15 RSA8[6] Sa8 bit received in frame 13 RSA8[5] Sa8 bit received in frame 11 RSA8[4] Sa8 bit received in frame 9 RSA8[3] Sa8 bit received in frame 7 RSA8[2] Sa8 bit received in frame 5 RSA8[1] Sa8 bit received in frame 3 RSA8[0] Sa8 bit received in frame 1 N8370DSE Conexant 3-63 Bt8370/8375/8376 3.11 Transmit LIU Registers Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface 3.11 Transmit LIU Registers Unused bits indicated by a dash (—) are reserved and should be written to 0. Writing to reserved bits has no effect. 060–067—Transmit Pulse Shape Configuration (SHAPE) 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 — — SHAPE[5] SHAPE[4] SHAPE[3] SHAPE[2] SHAPE[1] SHAPE[0] SHAPE[5:0] Initialized to default values when the processor writes to addr 068. Refer to pulse shape description in Transmit LIU section (Figure 2-39, Digitized AMI Pulse Shape). 068—Transmit LIU Configuration (TLIU_CR) After writing to TLIU_CR, the processor should wait for eight MCLK-cycles before reading back TLIU_CR. This is because any write into TLIU_CR triggers an internal transfer of ROM data to update the SHAPE registers. While this internal transfer is in progress, any read or write of TLIU_CR may be blocked internally or it will return an incorrect read value. 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 TURNS TERM LBO[1] LBO[0] PULSE[2] PULSE[1] PULSE[0] AISCLK TURNS Transmit Transformer Turns Ratio—Transmit DAC automatically scales the XTIP/XRING outputs for the selected transformer turns ratio. The transmit DAC is current-limited and cannot source sufficient current to drive full-height output pulses when an external transmit termination resistor and 1:1.15 transformer is selected. 0 = 1:1.36 transformer 1 = 1:1.15 transformer (reduced amplitude if TERM also enabled) TERM Transmit Termination Resistor—Transmit DAC automatically scales the XTIP/XRING output amplitude to compensate for the presence of an optional external termination resistor. The external resistor (51.1 Ω) is placed in parallel across XTIP/XRING on systems that must meet –18 dB transmitter return loss requirements. Better return loss is also possible by more closely matching transmitter and cable impedances, at the expense of higher power dissipation and lower output signal amplitude. (Refer to Figure 2-45, External Termination Resistor Placement for resistor placement. Refer to Table 3-14, Return Loss Values for return loss values.) 0 = internal transmit impedance (14.0 k Ω) 1 = external transmit termination 3-64 Conexant N8370DSE Bt8370/8375/8376 3.11 Transmit LIU Registers Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface Table 3-14. Return Loss Values TURNS TERM RTERM VPK (Normalized) RL (dB) Remarks Pulse[2:0] = 75 Ω Cable Selection 0 0 None 0 1.00 Iout scaled for 1:1.36 0 1 51.1 –18 1.00 Compromise match 0 1 40.5 –65 0.89 Impedance match 1 0 None 0 1.00 Iout scaled for 1:1.15 Pulse[2:0] = 100 Ω Cable Selection 0 0 None 0 1.00 Iout scaled for 1:1.36 0 1 51.1 –32 1.00 Compromise match 0 1 54.1 –76 1.03 Impedance match 1 0 None 0 1.00 Iout scaled for 1:1.15 Pulse[2:0] = 120 Ω Cable Selection 0 0 None 0 1.00 Iout scaled for 1:1.36 0 1 51.1 –18 1.00 Compromise match 0 1 64.9 –74 1.13 Impedance match 1 0 None 0 1.00 Iout scaled for 1:1.15 LBO[1:0] N8370DSE Select Line Build Out—Up to three LBO networks can be placed in line with the transmitter to attenuate XTIP/XRING outputs in 7.5 dB steps, per the signal transfer function defined by FCC Part 68 regulations. (Refer to Figure 2-41 through Figure 2-44 for LBO isolated pulse templates, which are applicable only while PULSE[2:0] = 111). LBO Attenuation @ 772 kHz FCC Option 00 0.0 dB Option A 01 7.5 dB Option B 10 15.0 dB Option C 11 22.5 dB Final Span Target Loss Conexant 3-65 Bt8370/8375/8376 3.11 Transmit LIU Registers PULSE[2:0] AISCLK Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface Select Transmit Pulse Template—Each positive or negative pulse output on XTIP/XRING is shaped to meet the transmit pulse template according to the selected cable length and type. (Refer to Figure 2-34, TLIU Waveform and Figure 2-41, 0 dB LBO Isolated Pulse Template for T1/E1 isolated pulse templates.) Each time the processor writes to TLIU_CR [addr 068], the default shape values are transferred from internal ROM into SHAPE registers [addr 060–067]. Custom shape programming for alternative cable types or pulse templates will be discussed in a separate Bt8370/8375/8376 application note. PULSE Cable Length Cable Type Application 000 0–133 Ft 100 Ω Twisted Pair T1 DSX 001 133–266 Ft 100 Ω Twisted Pair T1 DSX 010 266–399 Ft 100 Ω Twisted Pair T1 DSX 011 399–533 Ft 100 Ω Twisted Pair T1 DSX 100 533–655 Ft 100 Ω Twisted Pair T1 DSX 101 ITU–T G.703 75 Ω Coaxial Cable E1 110 ITU–T G.703 120 Ω Twisted Pair E1 111 Long Haul FCC Part 68 100 Ω Twisted Pair T1 CSU/NCTE Enable Automatic ACKI Switching—When AISCLK is active and the clock monitor reports a loss of transmit clock [TLOC; addr 048], the transmitter clock is automatically switched to reference ACKI instead of TCKI, and the transmitter is forced to send AIS (all ones) data. If both AISCLK and TAIS [addr 075] are active, AIS is transmitted using ACKI clock regardless of the clock monitor status. Set AISCLK only if the system supplies an alternate line rate clock on the ACKI pin. Inputs 3-66 Status Transmit TAIS AUTO_AIS AISCLK RLOS/RLOC TLOC CLOCK DATA 0 0 X X 0 TCKI Normal 0 0 1 X 0 TCKI Normal 0 0 1 X 1 ACKI AIS 0 1 X 0 0 TCKI Normal 0 1 0 0 1 TCKI Normal 0 1 1 X 1 ACKI AIS 0 1 0 1 X TCKI AIS 1 X 1 X X ACKI AIS 1 X 0 X X TCKI AIS Conexant N8370DSE Bt8370/8375/8376 3.12 Transmitter Registers Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface 3 3.12 Transmitter Registers Unused bits indicated by a dash (—) are reserved and should be written to 0. Writing to reserved bits has no effect. 070—Transmit Framer Configuration (TCR0) TCR0 selects the offline framer's criteria for recovery of transmit frame alignment; it determines the output of transmit frame and alarm formatters overhead bits, and works in conjunction with TCR1 [addr 071] and TFRM [addr 072]. This allows TCR0 to select the transmit online frame monitor's criteria for loss of frame alignment, and which overhead bits are supplied by the transmit frame and the alarm formatters. 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 — — — — TFRAME[3] TFRAME[2] TFRAME[1] TFRAME[0] TFRAME[3:0] N8370DSE The frame formatter generates Ft, Fs, FPS, FAS, MFAS, and CRC bits. The alarm formatter generates YB2, YJ, Y0, and Y16 bits. Frame and alarm overhead formats are selected by TFRAME[3:0] and T1/E1N settings, as listed in Tables 3-15 through 3-18. Each Yellow Alarm can be generated manually or automatically [TALM; addr 075], or can be bypassed [INS_MYEL; addr 072]. The frame formatter does not generate CAS or Sa-bit overhead; these bits are supplied by TPCMI in Bypass mode [TFRM; addr 072], or by programming TSIGn [addr 120–13F] or TSA4–TSA8 [addr 07B–07F] buffer contents. To insert CAS, the processor selects TLOCAL output signaling for time slot 0 and time slot 16 by programming transmit per-channel control registers TPC0 [addr 100] and TPC16 [addr 110]. The processor then fills ABCD local signaling value for TPC0 with the MAS pattern (ABCD = 0000) and TPC16 with XYXX pattern (ABCD = 1011). The frame formatter does not generate SLC, T1DM, or FDL overhead; these bits are supplied either by TPCMI in Bypass mode [TFRM; addr 072] or by programming the TSLIP [addr 140–17F], TDL1 [addr 0AD], or TDL2 [addr 0B8] buffer contents. To insert SLC concentrator, maintenance, alarm, and switch field values, the processor selects any SLC framer format and programs either the TDL1 or the TDL2 to operate in unformatted Pack6 mode over the F-bit channel during even frames. This overwrites all Fs bits inserted by the frame formatter. The data pattern to be sent in 36 Fs bit multiframe is written as six 6-bit words to the TDL1 or TDL2 circular buffer. For real-time overhead manipulation, the processor can rewrite the circular buffer with a new 36-bit pattern, as desired. To insert T1DM, the processor enables TIDLE insertion on time slot 24 by programming the transmit per-channel control [TDC24; addr 118], and filling the TSLIP buffer location for TS24 [addr 158] with the T1DM framing pattern (TS24 = 10111YR0). If specific T1DM elements must be inserted and others bypassed, the processor configures TDL1 or TDL2 to selectively insert only the desired bits such as the T1DM sync pattern, R-bits, and/or Y-bits, by programming data link bit enables [DL1_BIT; addr 0A5 or DL2_BIT; addr 0B0]. To insert FDL, the processor configures TDL1 to operate over the F-bit channel during odd frames [DL1_TS; addr 0A4] and during Automatic Performance Report Messages [AUTO_PRM; addr 0AA], or the processor manually programs TDL1 to send each message. Conexant 3-67 Bt8370/8375/8376 3.12 Transmitter Registers Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface Table 3-15. E1 Transmit Framer Modes (T1/E1N = 0) TS0 Overhead Insertion TFRAME Yellow Alarms Framer Mode 00XX FAS Only 01XX FAS + MFAS 10XX FAS + CAS 11XX FAS + MFAS + CAS MFAS FEBE CRC4 FAS YEL MYEL Ones Ones Ones Yes Y0 — Yes Yes Yes Yes Y0 — Ones Ones Ones Yes Y0 Y16 Yes Yes Yes Yes Y0 Y16 Table 3-16. T1 Transmit Framer Modes (T1/E1N = 1) F-bit Overhead Insertion TFRAME Yellow Alarms Framer Mode Fs FPS CRC6 Ft YEL MYEL Ones — — Yes YB2 — 0000 FT Only 0100 SF Yes — — Yes YB2 — 0101 SF + JYEL Yes — — Yes YJ — 100X SLC Yes — — Yes YB2 — 0001 ESF + No CRC — Yes Ones — YB2 YF(1) 1100 ESF + Mimic CRC — Yes Yes — YB2 YF(1) 1101 ESF + Force CRC — Yes Yes — YB2 YF(1) NOTE(S): (1) 3-68 YF Yellow Alarm is generated manually using DL1 data link controller and transmitting the appropriate BOP message. Conexant N8370DSE Bt8370/8375/8376 3.12 Transmitter Registers Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface Table 3-17. Criteria for E1 Loss/Recovery of Transmit Frame Alignment Mode FAS Description Basic Frame Alignment (BFA) is recovered when the following search criteria are satisfied: • FAS pattern (0011011) is found in frame N. • Frame N+1 contains bit 2 equal to 1. • Frame N+2 also contains FAS pattern (0011011). During FAS only modes, BFA is recovered when the following search criteria is satisfied: • FAS pattern (0011011) is found in frame N. • No mimics of the FAS pattern present in frame N+1. • FAS pattern (0011011) is found in frame N+2. NOTE(S): If FAS pattern is not found in frame N+2 or FAS mimic is found in frame N+1, the search restarts in frame N+2. Transmit Loss of Frame (TLOF) alignment is declared when: Three consecutive FAS pattern errors are detected, when the FAS pattern consists of a 7-bit (x0011011) pattern in FAS frames, as well as bit 2 equaling 1 in NFAS frames. MFAS MFAS—CRC Multiframe Alignment is recovered when the following search criteria are satisfied: • BFA is recovered, identifying FAS and NFAS frames. • Within 6 ms after BFA, bit 1 of NFAS frames contains the first MFAS pattern (001011xx). • Within 8 ms after BFA, bit 1 of NFAS frames contains the second MFAS pattern (001011xx), aligned to first MFAS. MFAS errors do not cause Transmit Loss of Frame (TLOF) alignment. CAS CAS Multiframe Alignment is recovered when the following search criteria are satisfied: • BFA is recovered, identifying TS0 through TS31. • MAS (0000xxxx) Multiframe Alignment Signal pattern is found in the first 4 bits of TS16, and 8 bits of TS16 in preceding frame contains nonzero value. CAS errors do not cause Transmit Loss of Frame (TLOF) alignment. N8370DSE Conexant 3-69 Bt8370/8375/8376 3.12 Transmitter Registers Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface Table 3-18. Criteria for T1 Loss/Recovery of Transmit Frame Alignment Mode FT Only Description Terminal Frame Alignment is recovered when One, and only 1 valid Ft pattern (1010) is found in 12 alternate F-bit locations (3 ms), when F-bits are separated by 193 bits. Transmit Loss of Frame (TLOF) alignment is declared when Number of Ft bit errors detected meets selected loss of frame criteria [TLOFA–TLOFC; addr 071]. SF Superframe alignment is recovered when • Terminal frame alignment is recovered, identifying Ft bits. • Depends on SF submode. With JYEL: If SF pattern (00111x) found in Fs bits. If no JYEL: SF pattern (001110) found in Fs bits. Fs errors do not cause Transmit Loss of Frame (TLOF) alignment. Transmit loss of frame alignment (TLOF) declared when The number of Ft bit errors detected meets the selected reframe criteria [TLOFA–TLOFC; addr 071]. NOTE(S): Fs bit multiframe errors are reported in TMERR [ISR0; addr 00B], but do not cause a loss of transmit frame alignment. SLC Superframe alignment is recovered when • • Terminal frame alignment is recovered, identifying Ft bits. The SLC pattern (refer to Table A-3, SLC-96 Fs Bit Contents) is found in 16 of 32 Fs bits according to Bellcore TR-TSY-000008. Fs errors do not cause Transmit Loss of Frame (TLOF) alignment. Transmit loss of frame alignment (TLOF) declared when The number of Ft bit errors detected meets the selected reframe criteria [TLOFA–TLOFC; addr 071]. NOTE(S): Fs bit multiframe errors are reported in TMERR [ISR0; addr 00B], but do not cause a loss of transmit frame alignment. ESF Extended superframe alignment is recovered when A valid FPS candidate is located (001011). Candidate bits are separated by 772 digits and are received without pattern errors. • If only 1 valid FPS candidate and No CRC mode—align to FPS, regardless of CRC6 comparison. Mimic CRC mode—align to FPS, regardless of CRC6 comparison. Force CRC mode—align to FPS, only if CRC6 is correct. • If two or more valid FPS candidates and: No CRC mode—do not align (INVALID status). Mimic CRC mode—align to first FPS with correct CRC6. Force CRC mode—align to first FPS with correct CRC6. Transmit loss of frame alignment (TLOF) declared when The number of FPS pattern errors detected meets the selected loss of frame criteria [TLOFA–TLOFC; addr 071]. 3-70 Conexant N8370DSE Bt8370/8375/8376 3.12 Transmitter Registers Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface 071—Transmitter Configuration (TCR1) 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 TNRZ TABORT TFORCE TLOFC TLOFB TLOFA TZCS[1] TZCS[0] TNRZ Transmit NRZ Data—Transmit dual-rail unipolar outputs TPOSO/TNEGO are replaced by non-return to 0 unipolar data (TNRZO) and transmit multiframe sync (MSYNCO). Both outputs are clocked on the rising edge of transmitter clock (TCKI). Line encoding of bipolar signals on XTIP/XRING is unaffected. MSYNCO active (high) always marks the first bit of transmit multiframe according to the selected transmit framer mode. 0 = TPOSO/TNEGO encoded per TZCS[1:0] 1 = TPOSO/TNEGO replaced by TNRZO/MSYNCO TABORT Abort/Disable TX Offline Framer—The offline framer ignores reframe requests from the online framer (TLOF) and aborts any in progress TLOF reframe requests. The loss of frame status [TLOF; addr 048] is not affected. While TABORT remains active, the offline framer responds only to the processor force reframe request (TFORCE). This allows the processor to manually control reframe criteria or lock out changes in the current transmit frame alignment. 0 = normal framer operation 1 = framer disabled TABORT interacts with EMBED [addr 0D0] to select which data stream is examined by online and offline transmit framer during embedded framing modes. If EMBED is active, TXDATA output from TSLIP is examined and used to align the TX timebase; otherwise, the TPCMI data stream is examined and used to align the TSB timebase, as defined in Table 3-19. Table 3-19. Transmit Framer Position TABORT EMBED TSB Alignment Tx Alignment Tx Framing Mode Notes 0 0 TPCMI Flywheel Transmit Framing (1–5) 0 1 TFSYNC/TMSYNC TXDATA Embedded Framing (6–8) 1 X TFSYNC/TMSYNC Flywheel Normal (5, 6) NOTE(S): (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) TFSYNC and TMSYNC must be programmed as outputs. Offline framer examines TPCMI to supply TSB frame alignment. Online framer examines TPCMI to supply TSB multiframe alignment. SBI mode must match 2048 k or 1544 k line rate. TX timebase flywheels at initial alignment until TSB_CTR or TX_ALIGN [addr 0D4]. TSB timebase flywheels if TFSYNC/TMSYNC programmed as outputs. Offline framer examines TXDATA to supply TX frame alignment. Online framer examines TXDATA to supply TX multiframe alignment. TFORCE N8370DSE Force TX Reframe (auto clear)—Forces the offline framer to perform a single reframe, according to the selected transmit framer mode. TFORCE is automatically cleared when the framer acknowledges a request [ACTIVE; addr 017]. The processor typically does not need to force a reframe, because the online framer reframe request (TLOF) is active when reframe criteria TLOFC–A is met. However, the processor may attempt force a reframe if the frame or CRC bit error ratio indicates that the framer has aligned to a mimic pattern. 0 = no effect 1 = force TX reframe Conexant 3-71 Bt8370/8375/8376 3.12 Transmitter Registers Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface Transmit Loss of Frame Criteria—Determines the number of frame errors that the online framer must detect before declaring a loss of frame alignment [TLOF; addr 048]. Refer to TFRAME [addr 070] to find which frame bits are monitored during the selected framer mode. TLOFC–TLOFA T1/E1N TLOFC–A Reframe Criteria 0 100 3 consecutive FAS errors 1 001 2 out of 4 frame bit errors 1 010 2 out of 5 frame bit errors 1 100 2 out of 6 frame bit errors NOTE(S): All other TLOFC–A combinations are invalid. Transmit Zero Code Suppression—Selects ZCS and Pulse Density Violation (PDV) enforcement options for XTIP/XRING and TPOSO/TNEGO outputs. B8ZS and HDB3 replace transmitted sequences of eight or four 0s with a recoverable code. These are standard T1 and E1 line code options, respectively (see Table 3-20). TZCS[1:0] Table 3-20. Transmit Zero Code Suppression TZCS T1/E1N T1DM ZCS PDV Zero Code Substitution (Sent left to right) 00 X X AMI None None 01 0 X HDB3 None 000V or B00V 01 1 X B8ZS None 000VB0VB 10 1 X UMC None 10011000 11 1 X AMI Enforced on PDV errors AMI Alternate Mark Inversion. Bipolar line code forces successive 1s to alternate their output pulse polarity. Analog and digital dual-rail outputs are always AMI encoded, although certain AMI codes are modified to include 0 suppression. HDB3 Prior to transmission, four consecutive 0s are substituted by 000V or B00V code, where B is an AMI pulse, and V is a bipolar violation. ZCS encoder selects the code that forces the BPV output polarity opposite that of the prior BPV. B8ZS Prior to transmission, eight consecutive 0s are substituted by 000VB0VB code, where B is an AMI encoded pulse, and V is a bipolar violation. PDV Enforcer overwrites transmit 0s that would otherwise cause output data to fail to meet the minimum required pulse density per ANSI T1.403 sliding window. NOTE(S): The enforcer never overwrites a framing bit and is not applicable during E1 mode. NOTE(S): Each PDV-enforced 1 causes a nonrecoverable, transmitted bit error. UMC Unassigned Mux Code. DS0 channels containing eight 0s are substituted with the 10011000 code, per Bellcore TA-TSY-000278. NOTE(S): The receiver's ZCS decoder cannot recover original data content from UMC encoded signal. NOTE(S): PRBS, inband loopback, and YB2 alarm insertion occurs after PDV enforcement; therefore, output data might violate minimum pulse density requirements while these functions are active. 3-72 Conexant N8370DSE Bt8370/8375/8376 3.12 Transmitter Registers Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface 072—Transmit Frame Format (TFRM) TFRM controls the insertion of overhead bits generated by transmit frame and alarm formatters. Bypassed overhead bits flow transparently from TPCMI system bus input through TSLIP buffer. 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 — — INS_MYEL INS_YEL INS_MF INS_FE INS_CRC INS_FBIT INS_MYEL Insert Multiframe Yellow Alarm—Applicable to E1 modes only. Enables the alarm formatter to output Y16 Multiframe Yellow Alarm. Once enabled, TMYEL and AUTO_MYEL [addr 075] control the alarm output state. This bit must be set to 0 in T1 modes. In ESF framed T1 mode, the YF Multiframe Yellow Alarm is transmitted by programming the DL1 data link controller and transmitting the appropriate bit oriented code message (BOP message). 0 = bypass 1 = insert multiframe Yellow Alarm INS_YEL Insert Yellow Alarm—The alarm formatter outputs Yellow Alarms YB2 or YJ during T1 modes, or Y0 during E1 modes. Once enabled, TYEL and AUTO_YEL [addr 075] control the Yellow Alarm output state. If the system wants to bypass JYEL (Fs bit in frame 12), it must bypass all Fs bits with INS_MF [addr 072]. 0 = bypass 1 = insert Yellow Alarm. INS_MF Insert Multiframe Alignment—The frame formatter outputs 6-bit SF alignment pattern in T1 mode, or 6-bit MFAS alignment pattern in E1 mode. INS_MF must be set while TFRAME (addr 070) selects Fs (T1) or MFAS (E1) alignment. 0 = bypass 1 = insert multiframe alignment INS_FE Insert FEBE—During E1 mode, the alarm formatter automatically outputs TS0 bit 1 of frames 13 (FEBE13) and 15 (FEBE15) in response to received CRC4 errors. FEBE13 is active low for each received CRC4 error detected in SMF I; FEBE15 is active low for each received CRC4 error detected in SMF II. INS_FE should be set while TFRAME (addr 070) selects FEBE (E1) alignment. 0 = bypass 1 = insert FEBE INS_CRC Insert Cyclic Redundancy Check—The frame formatter outputs the calculated CRC6 bits in T1 mode or CRC4 bits in E1 mode. 0 = bypass 1 = insert cyclic redundancy check INS_FBIT Insert Terminal Framing—The frame formatter outputs a 2-bit Ft alignment pattern in F-bits of odd frames (SF framing) or FPS framing pattern (ESF framing) during T1 modes—or 8-bit FAS/NFAS alignment pattern during E1 modes. INS_FBIT should be set while TFRAME (addr 070) selects Ft (T1, SF), FPS (T1, ESF), or FAS (E1) alignment. NOTE: N8370DSE If F-bits are bypassed while TSLIP is enabled, the system must use either embedded T1 framing or apply at least a double frame (250 µs) multiframe sync pulse (TMSYNC) to provide odd/even frame alignment. 0 = bypass 1 = insert terminal framing Conexant 3-73 Bt8370/8375/8376 3.12 Transmitter Registers Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface 073—Transmit Error Insert (TERROR) Transmit error insertion capabilities are provided for system diagnostic, production test, and test equipment applications. Writing a 1 to any TERROR bit injects a single occurrence of the respective error on TPOSO/TNEGO and XTIP/XRING outputs. Writing a 0 has no effect. Multiple transmit errors can be generated simultaneously. Injected errors also affect data sent during either a Framer or Analog Loopback [FLOOP or ALOOP; addr 014]. 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 TSERR TMERR TBERR BSLIP TCOFA TCERR TFERR TVERR TSERR Inject CAS Multiframe (MAS) Error—Injects a single MAS pattern error. TSERR performs a logical inversion of the first MAS bit transmitted. 0 = no effect 1 = inject MAS error TMERR Inject Multiframe Error—Injects a single Fs (T1) or MFAS bit (E1) error. TMERR performs a logical inversion of the next multiframe bit transmitted. The processor can pace writing to TMERR to control which MFAS bit is errored. 0 = no effect 1 = inject multiframe error TBERR Inject PRBS Test Pattern Error—Injects a single PRBS error by logically inverting the next PRBS generator output bit. The processor can pace writing to TBERR to create the desired bit error ratio (up to 5E-3 if TBERR asserted 1/192 bits at every frame interrupt). 0 = no effect 1 = inject PRBS error BSLIP/TCOFA Inject Transmit COFA—Forces a 1-bit shift in the location of transmit frame alignment by deleting (or inserting) one bit position from the transmit frame. During E1 modes, BSLIP determines in which direction the bit slip will occur. In T1 modes, only one bit deletion is provided. Note that TCOFA alters the extraction rate of data from the transmit slip buffer; thus, repeated TCOFAs eventually cause a controlled frame slip where one frame of data is repeated (T1/BSLIP = 0) or where one frame of data is deleted (BSLIP = 1). TCOFA T1/E1N BSLIP Transmit COFA 0 X X No effect 1 0 0 Inhibit output of TS0 bit 1 for one frame 1 0 1 Insert 1 prior to FAS pattern for one frame 1 1 X Inhibit output of F-bit for one frame TCERR Inject CRC Error—Injects a single CRC6 (T1) or CRC4 (E1) bit error. TCERR logically invert the next CRC bit transmitted. The processor can pace writing to TCERR to control which CRC bit is errored. 0 = no effect 1 = inject CRC error TFERR Inject Frame Bit Error—Injects a single Ft, FPS, or FAS bit error, depending on the selected transmit framer mode. TFERR logically invert the next frame bit transmitted. The processor can pace writing to TFERR, to control which frame bit is errored. 0 = no effect 1 = inject frame error 3-74 Conexant N8370DSE Bt8370/8375/8376 3.12 Transmitter Registers Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface Inject Line Code Violation—Injects a single LCV error depending on the line mode and the selected ZCS. In T1 mode, the LCV injector waits for transmission of two consecutive pulses on the data output before performing BPV error insertion and clearing the TVERR bit. A BPV error cannot be injected into a transmit data stream that does not contain two consecutive 1s. TVERR is latched until an opportunity to inject a BPV error is presented, thus preventing the receiving end from detecting frame or multiframe bit errors, CRC errors, multiple BPV errors (due to ZCS pattern corruption), or PRBS test pattern bit errors as a consequence of error insertion. In E1 mode with HDB3 selected, the LCV injector sends two consecutive BPVs of the same polarity, which causes the receiving end to detect a single LCV error. 0 = no effect 1 = inject line code violation TVERR 074—Transmit Manual Sa-Byte/FEBE Configuration (TMAN) 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 INS_SA[8] INS_SA[7] INS_SA[6] INS_SA[5] INS_SA[4] FEBE_II FEBE_I TFEBE INS_SA[8] Manual Sa8-Byte Transmit (0-bypass) INS_SA[7] Manual Sa7-Byte Transmit (0-bypass) INS_SA[6] Manual Sa6-Byte Transmit (0-bypass) INS_SA[5] Manual Sa5-Byte Transmit (0-bypass) INS_SA[4] Manual Sa4-Byte Transmit (0-bypass) FEBE_II Bit to manually transmit in FEBE bit position of Frame 15. FEBE_I Bit to manually transmit in FEBE bit position of Frame 13. TFEBE Manual Transmit FEBE (Overrides INS_FE; addr 072)—Provides a manual override for FEBE bits that are normally sent by the alarm formatter [INS_FE; addr 072]. When active, FEBE_I controls the data output in TS0 bit 1 of frame 13 (FEBE13), and FEBE_II controls the data output in TS0 bit 1 of frame 15 (FEBE15). INS_FE TFEBE FEBE[13] 0 X TPCMI TPCMI Bypass FEBE 1 0 SMF I SMF II Automatic FEBE 1 1 FEBE_I FEBE_II Manual FEBE NOTE: N8370DSE FEBE[15] Description Automatic FEBE insertion uses two CRC4 error signals from the receiver to indicate SMF I and SMF II errors. Each error signal is latched and held for one full multiframe to compensate for phase differences between receive and transmit multiframe timing. Conexant 3-75 Bt8370/8375/8376 3.12 Transmitter Registers Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface 075—Transmit Alarm Signal Configuration (TALM) 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 — — AUTO_MYEL AUTO_YEL AUTO_AIS TMYEL TYEL TAIS AUTO_MYEL /TMYEL Automatic Manual Transmit Multiframe Yellow Alarm—Applicable to E1 modes only. Automatic mode sends Multiframe Yellow Alarm for the duration of a receive loss of CAS alignment [SRED; addr 049]. Manual mode sends Y16 Multiframe Yellow Alarm as long as TMYEL is active. AUTO_YEL/TYEL INS_MYEL TMYEL AUTO_MYEL Transmit Multiframe Yellow 0 X X Inactive, supplied by TPCMI 1 0 0 Inactive, supplied by TPCMI 1 0 1 E1–Y16–follows SRED status 1 1 X E1–Y16 Automatic Manual Transmit Yellow Alarm—Automatic mode sends a Yellow Alarm for the duration of a receive loss of frame alignment [FRED; addr 049]. Manual mode sends the alarm as long as TYEL is active and Yellow Alarm insertion [INS_YEL; addr 072] is enabled. INS_YEL TYEL AUTO_YEL Transmit Yellow Alarm 0 X X Supplied by TPCMI 1 0 0 Inactive(1) 1 0 1 Follows FRED status 1 1 X Active NOTE(S): (1) When Inactive, time slot data passes through transmitter without modification. 2. To transmit T1DM Yellow Alarm (Y24), the processor must program TDL1, TDL2, or TSLIP buffer to transmit Y-bit output in time slot 24. 3-76 Conexant N8370DSE Bt8370/8375/8376 3.12 Transmitter Registers Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface AUTO_AIS /TAIS Automatic Manual Transmit Alarm Indication Signal—When activated manually (TAIS) or automatically (AUTO_AIS), the alarm formatter replaces all data output on TPOSO/TNEGO and XTIP/XRING with an unframed all-1s signal (AIS). This includes replacing data supplied from TPOSI/TNEGI and from the receiver during line loopback [LLOOP; addr 014]. Automatic mode sends AIS for the duration of receive loss of signal [RLOS; addr 047] or receive loss of clock [RLOC; addr 047], depending on the analog or digital line interface option [RDIGI; addr 020]. If AISCLK [addr 068] is enabled, TAIS also provides manual switch control over ACKI clock input. AUTO_AIS does not affect ACKI switching. AIS transmission [TAIS, AUTO_AIS; addr 075, or AISCLK; addr 068] does not affect transmit data that is looped back to the receiver during framer loopback [FLOOP; addr 014]. This allows both FLOOP and LLOOP to be active simultaneously during loss of signal, without disrupting data in the framer loopback path. TAIS AUTO_AIS AISC LK Transmit Data Transmit Clock (TCKO) 0 0 0 Normal, No AIS TCKI 0 0 1 AIS during TLOC ACKI while TLOC 0 1 0 AIS During RLOS/RLOC TCKI 0 1 1 AIS During TLOC or RLOS ACKI while TLOC 1 X 0 Manual AIS TCKI 1 X 1 Manual AIS and ACKI ACKI NOTE: Systems that transmit framed all ones can utilize inband loopback code generator [TLB; addr 077] to send all ones in payload only. 076—Transmit Test Pattern Configuration (TPATT) 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 — — — TPSTART FRAMED ZLIMIT TPATT[1] TPATT[0] TPSTART Enable Test Pattern Transmission. FRAMED PRBS Framed—When set, the PRBS pattern does not overwrite framing bit positions and is stopped during these bit periods. In T1 mode, the frame bit (every 193rd bit) is not overwritten. In E1 mode, the PRBS test pattern is not written to time slot 0 (FAS and NFAS words) and time slot 16 (CAS signalling word) if CAS framing is also selected. CAS framing is selected by setting TFRAME[3] to 1 in the Transmit Configuration register [TCR0; addr 070]. If FRAMED is disabled, the test pattern is transmitted in all time slots. ZLIMIT Enable 0 Limit; 7/14 depending on pattern. N8370DSE Conexant 3-77 Bt8370/8375/8376 3.12 Transmitter Registers TPATT[1:0] Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface PRBS test patterns used by RPATT [addr 041] and TPATT [addr 076] are defined in the ITU standards O.151 and O.152 to use either inverted or non-inverted data. Bt8370/8375/8376 uses standard data inversion for the selected PRBS test pattern unless ZLIMIT is enabled, in which case the test pattern uses non-inverted data (see Table 3-21). Table 3-21. Transmit PRBS Test Pattern FRAMED ZLIMIT TPATT 0 0 00 Unframed 211 No 0 0 01 Unframed 215 Yes 0 0 10 Unframed 220 No 0 0 11 Unframed 223 Yes 0 1 00 Unframed 211 with 7 zero limit No 0 1 01 Unframed 215 with 7 zero limit No 0 1 10 Unframed 220 with 14 zero limit (QRSS/QRS/QRTS) No 0 1 11 Unframed 223 with 14 zero limit (non-std) No 1 0 00 Framed 211 No 1 0 01 Framed 215 Yes 1 0 10 Framed 220 No 1 0 11 Framed 223 Yes 1 1 00 Framed 211 with 7 zero limit No 1 1 01 Framed 215 with 7 zero limit (non std) No 1 1 10 Framed 220 with 14 zero limit (QRSS/QRS/QRTS)) No 1 1 11 Framed 223 with 14 zero limit (non-std) No 3-78 Test Pattern Conexant Inversion N8370DSE Bt8370/8375/8376 3.12 Transmitter Registers Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface 077—Transmit Inband Loopback Code Configuration (TLB) 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 — — — — LB_LEN[1] LB_LEN[0] UNFRAMED LBSTART LB_LEN[1:0] Inband Loopback Code Length (from LBP): 00 = 4 bits 01 = 5 bits 10 = 6 bits 11 = 7 bits UNFRAMED Loopback Code Overwrites Framing LBSTART Start Inband Loopback Code Transmission 078—Transmit Inband Loopback Code Pattern (LBP) 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 LBP[1] LBP[2] LBP[3] LBP[4] LBP[5] LBP[6] LBP[7] — LBP[1] First bit transmitted LBP[2] Second bit transmitted LBP[3] Third bit transmitted LBP[4] Fourth bit transmitted LBP[5] Fifth bit transmitted LBP[6] Sixth bit transmitted LBP[7] Seventh bit transmitted N8370DSE Conexant 3-79 Bt8370/8375/8376 3.13 Transmit Sa-Byte Buffers Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface 3.13 Transmit Sa-Byte Buffers Unused bits indicated by a dash (—) are reserved and should be written to 0. Writing to reserved bits has no effect. Five transmit Sa-Byte buffers (TSA4–TSA8) are used to insert Sa-bits in TS0. The entire group of 40 bits is sampled every 16 frames, coincident with the TMF interrupt boundary [addr 008]. Bit 0 from each TSA register is then inserted during frame 1: bit 1 is inserted during frame 3; bit 2 is inserted during frame 5; and so on. This gives the processor a maximum of 2 ms after the TMF interrupt to write new Sa-Byte buffer values. Transmit Sa-bits maintain a fixed relationship to the transmit CRC multiframe. 07B—Transmit Sa4 Byte Buffer (TSA4) 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 TSA4[7] TSA4[6] TSA4[5] TSA4[4] TSA4[3] TSA4[2] TSA4[1] TSA4[0] TSA4[7] Sa4 bit transmitted in frame 15 TSA4[6] Sa4 bit transmitted in frame 13 TSA4[5] Sa4 bit transmitted in frame 11 TSA4[4] Sa4 bit transmitted in frame 9 TSA4[3] Sa4 bit transmitted in frame 7 TSA4[2] Sa4 bit transmitted in frame 5 TSA4[1] Sa4 bit transmitted in frame 3 TSA4[0] Sa4 bit transmitted in frame 1 07C—Transmit Sa5 Byte Buffer (TSA5) 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 TSA5[7] TSA5[6] TSA5[5] TSA5[4] TSA5[3] TSA5[2] TSA5[1] TSA5[0] TSA5[7] Sa5 bit transmitted in frame 15 TSA5[6] Sa5 bit transmitted in frame 13 TSA5[5] Sa5 bit transmitted in frame 11 TSA5[4] Sa5 bit transmitted in frame 9 TSA5[3] Sa5 bit transmitted in frame 7 TSA5[2] Sa5 bit transmitted in frame 5 TSA5[1] Sa5 bit transmitted in frame 3 TSA5[0] Sa5 bit transmitted in frame 1 3-80 Conexant N8370DSE Bt8370/8375/8376 3.13 Transmit Sa-Byte Buffers Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface 07D—Transmit Sa6 Byte Buffer (TSA6) 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 TSA6[7] TSA6[6] TSA6[5] TSA6[4] TSA6[3] TSA6[2] TSA6[1] TSA6[0] TSA6[7] Sa6 bit transmitted in frame 15 TSA6[6] Sa6 bit transmitted in frame 13 TSA6[5] Sa6 bit transmitted in frame 11 TSA6[4] Sa6 bit transmitted in frame 9 TSA6[3] Sa6 bit transmitted in frame 7 TSA6[2] Sa6 bit transmitted in frame 5 TSA6[1] Sa6 bit transmitted in frame 3 TSA6[0] Sa6 bit transmitted in frame 1 07E—Transmit Sa7 Byte Buffer (TSA7) 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 TSA7[7] TSA7[6] TSA7[5] TSA7[4] TSA7[3] TSA7[2] TSA7[1] TSA7[0] TSA7[7] Sa7 bit transmitted in frame 15 TSA7[6] Sa7 bit transmitted in frame 13 TSA7[5] Sa7 bit transmitted in frame 11 TSA7[4] Sa7 bit transmitted in frame 9 TSA7[3] Sa7 bit transmitted in frame 7 TSA7[2] Sa7 bit transmitted in frame 5 TSA7[1] Sa7 bit transmitted in frame 3 TSA7[0] Sa7 bit transmitted in frame 107F—Transmit Sa8 Byte Buffer (TSA8) N8370DSE Conexant 3-81 Bt8370/8375/8376 3.13 Transmit Sa-Byte Buffers Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface 07F—Transmit Sa8 Byte Buffer (TSA8) 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 TSA8[7] TSA8[6] TSA8[5] TSA8[4] TSA8[3] TSA8[2] TSA8[1] TSA8[0] TSA8[7] Sa8 bit transmitted in frame 15 TSA8[6] Sa8 bit transmitted in frame 13 TSA8[5] Sa8 bit transmitted in frame 11 TSA8[4] Sa8 bit transmitted in frame 9 TSA8[3] Sa8 bit transmitted in frame 7 TSA8[2] Sa8 bit transmitted in frame 5 TSA8[1] Sa8 bit transmitted in frame 3 TSA8[0] Sa8 bit transmitted in frame 1 3-82 Conexant N8370DSE Bt8370/8375/8376 3.14 Clock Rate Adapter Registers Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface 3.14 Clock Rate Adapter Registers Unused bits indicated by a dash (—) are reserved and should be written to 0. Writing to reserved bits has no effect. 090—Clock Rate Adapter Configuration (CLAD_CR) 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 CEN XSEL[2] XSEL[1] XSEL[0] LFGAIN[3] LFGAIN[2] LFGAIN[1] LFGAIN[0] CEN Enable CLAD Phase Detector—When active, the CPHASE detector compares the CLAD reference (CLADI/RSCALE) to the CLAD variable (CLADV/VSCALE), and sends the resulting phase error information to the NCO. When inactive, the CLADI signal is ignored and JEN or JFREE [addr 002] selects the input timing reference. CEN JEN JFREE JDIR 0 0 1 X REFCKI = Free running 10 MHz clock 0 1 1 0 REFCKI = Free running 10 MHz clock with transmit JAT 0 1 1 1 REFCKI = Free running 10 MHz clock with receive JAT 0 1 0 0 TXCLK = TCKI or ACKI per AISCLK [addr 068] 0 1 0 1 RXCLK = RPLL or RCKI per RDIGI [addr 020] 1 0 0 X CLADI = System clock, bypass JAT elastic store 1 1 0 0 CLADI = System clock, with transmit JAT 1 1 0 1 CLADI = System clock, with receive JAT NOTE: XSEL[2:0] N8370DSE CLAD Input Timing Reference JCLK always operates at T1 or E1 line rate selected by T1/E1N. Line Rate Multiple Select—The CLAD divider chain outputs (CLADO and CLADV) can be programmed to operate at 20 to 23 times (1 X to 32 X) the T1/E1 line rate. XSEL chooses the multiplier. This is applicable only when OSEL or VSEL [addr 091] selects the multiplier output. XSEL Output (kHz) T1/E1N = 0 Output (kHz) T1/E1N = 1 Line Rate Multiplier 0 2048 1544 1X 1 4096 3088 2X 2 8192 6176 4X 3 16384 12352 8X 4, 5, 6, 7 — — Reserved Conexant 3-83 Bt8370/8375/8376 3.14 Clock Rate Adapter Registers LFGAIN[3:0] Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface Loop Filter Gain—Determines CLAD jitter tolerance and jitter attenuation characteristics by selecting the NCO loop filter's proportional phase error gain. Lower gain values improve jitter tolerance by reducing phase response time, but provide less jitter attenuation. Higher gain values increase the phase response time and improve jitter attenuation at the expense of loop acquisition time. NOTE: Loop instability or acquisition failures may result from incorrectly programmed LFGAIN values. Typically, LFGAIN is programmed to provide a minimum 3 Hz loop bandwidth and 20 dB/decade jitter attenuation with 6 Hz filter cutoff frequency. LFGAIN values of 5 or 6 are typically chosen to meet jitter requirements. LFGAIN Proportional Gain 0000 1/20 | | 1111 1/215 091—CLAD Frequency Select (CSEL) 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 VSEL[3] VSEL[2] VSEL[1] VSEL[0] OSEL[3] OSEL[2] OSEL[1] OSEL[0] VSEL[3:0] 3-84 CLADV Frequency Select—Applicable only if CEN [addr 90] is active. Picks one of eight CLAD divider chain frequencies to feed back to the CPHASE detector. (Refer to Tables 2-8 through 2-9 for programming examples.) The selected CLADV frequency passes to VSCALE for further division before phase detector comparison. VSEL CLADV Frequency (kHz) 0000 1024 0001 2048 0010 4096 0011 8192 0100 2560 0101 1544 0110 1536 0111 T1/E1 line rate x 2XSEL (addr 090) 1xxx 16,384 Conexant N8370DSE Bt8370/8375/8376 3.14 Clock Rate Adapter Registers Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface OSEL[3:0] CLADO Frequency Select—Picks one of eight CLAD divider chain frequencies to output on the CLADO pin. (Refer to Table 2-8, CLADO Frequencies Selection through 2-9 for programming examples with various input timing references.) OSEL CLADO Frequency (kHz) 0000 1024 0001 2048 0010 4096 0011 8192 0100 2560 0101 1544 0110 1536 0111 Multiplier = T1/E1 line rate x 2XSEL (addr 090) 1xxx 16,384 092—CLAD Phase Detector Scale Factor (CPHASE) 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 — RSCALE[2] RSCALE[1] RSCALE[0] — VSCALE[2] VSCALE[1] VSCALE[0] RSCALE[2:0] CLAD Reference Scale Factor—Divides CLADI signal by 2[RSCALE] to form CLADR input to CPHASE detector. Applicable only if CEN [addr 090] is active. Allows the system to supply CLADI frequency, up to a maximum of 128 times the desired CLADR reference frequency. RSCALE VSCALE[2:0] CLADR Reference 000 1 CLADR = CLADI 001 2 CLADR = CLADI/2 010 4 CLADR = CLADI/4 011 8 CLADR = CLADI/8 100 16 CLADR = CLADI/16 101 32 CLADR = CLADI/32 110 64 CLADR = CLADI/64 111 128 CLADR = CLADI/128 CLAD Variable Scale Factor—Divides CLADV signal by 2[VSCALE] before use in the CPHASE detector. Applicable only if CEN [addr 090] is active. Allows the system to select CLADV frequency that is up to 128 times CLADR. VSCALE N8370DSE Scale Factor Scale Factor CPHASE Variable Input 000 1 CLADV selected by VSEL [addr 091] 001 2 CLADV/2 010 4 CLADV/4 011 8 CLADV/8 100 16 CLADV/16 101 32 CLADV/32 110 64 CLADV/64 111 128 CLADV/128 Conexant 3-85 Bt8370/8375/8376 3.14 Clock Rate Adapter Registers Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface 093—CLAD Test (CTEST) For Conexant test purposes only. Set to 0 for normal operation. 3-86 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 — — — PNSEL D20A TBUS RWINI JINIT Conexant N8370DSE Bt8370/8375/8376 3.15 Bit-Oriented Protocol Registers Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface 3 3.15 Bit-Oriented Protocol Registers Unused bits indicated by a dash (—) are reserved and should be written to 0. Writing to reserved bits has no effect. The Bit Oriented Protocol (BOP) transceiver sends and receives BOP messages, including ESF Yellow Alarm, which consists of repeated 16-bit patterns with an embedded 6-bit codeword. The BOP message channel is configured to operate over the same channel selected by the DL1 Time Slot Enable register [DL1_TS; addr 0A4]. Therefore, DL1 must be configured and enabled to allow BOP operation, as described in Table 3-22. Table 3-22. (Datalink Configuration Register Description) Datalink Configuration Registers Value Description DL1_TS [addr 0A4] 0x40 Enabling odd frames, Fbit(T1) DL1_BIT [addr 0A5] 0x00 Select bits to use in time slot. DL1_CTL [addr 0A6] 0x03 Select normal FIFO mode, FCS, Tx enabled, Rx enabled. RDL1_FFC [addr 0A7] 00###### ###### is the threshold for receiver FIFO near full. TDL1_FEC [addr 0AB] 00###### ###### is the threshold for transmit FIFO near empty. The BOP message channel must be configured to operate over the FDL channel for BOP messages to convey Priority, Command, and Response codeword messages according to ANSI T1.403, Section 9.4.1. The precedence of transmitted BOP messages with respect to current DL1 transmit activity is configurable [TBOP_MODE; addr 0A0]. BOP messages can also be transmitted during E1 mode, although the 16-bit codeword pattern has not been adopted as an E1 standard. BOP message format: 0xxxxxx011111111 (transmitted right to left) [543210]6-bit codeword 0A0—Bit Oriented Protocol Transceiver (BOP) 7 6 5 4 3 2 RBOP_START RBOP_INTEG RBOP_LEN[1] RBOP_LEN[0] TBOP_LEN[1] TBOP_LEN[0] RBOP_START N8370DSE 1 0 TBOP_MODE[1] TBOP_MODE[0] BOP Receiver Enable—When active, the BOP receiver searches the FDL channel for data that matches a 16-bit pattern in the form of 0xxxxxx011111111, where xxxxxx equals a 6-bit codeword. Otherwise, the BOP receiver is disabled. 0 = disabled 1 = BOP receiver enable Conexant 3-87 Bt8370/8375/8376 3.15 Bit-Oriented Protocol Registers RBOP_INTEG TBOP_LEN[1:0] 3-88 Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface RBOP Integration—Requires receipt of two identical, consecutive 16-bit patterns (without errors or gaps between patterns) to validate a single codeword. In this case, an errored codeword does not increment the pattern count. RBOP integration must be enabled to meet codeword detection criteria while receiving a 1E-3 bit error ratio. RBOP_INTEG adds at least one to the number of successive 16-bit patterns needed to qualify receipt of BOP message (2 in a row counts as 1 pattern; 11 in a row counts as 10; and 26 in a row counts as 25). 0 = no integration 1 = RBOP integrationRBOP_LEN[1:0] RBOP Message Length—Selects the number of successive identical 16-bit patterns needed to qualify receipt of a single BOP message and update RBOP [addr 0A2] with the received codeword. During this time, the RBOP interrupt [ISR1; addr 00A] is also activated. Successive patterns can be separated by any number of bits, as long as they do not contain a different valid codeword. RBOP_LEN Successive Patterns 00 1 Single 16-bit pattern updates RBOP Notes 01 10 Minimum command, response length 10 25 Preferred command, response length 11 Change RBOP updates on receipt of each new pattern TBOP Message Length—Selects the number of repeated 16-bit patterns sent as a single message when a TBOP [addr 0A1] codeword is written. Another message with the same or different codeword value can be written to TBOP as soon as prior message start is acknowledged, via activation of a TBOP interrupt [ISR2; addr 009]. If no new message is written, the FDL channel returns to TDL1 output control upon completion of message transmission. The processor changes TBOP_LEN to end transmission of a continuously repeating message. TBOP_LEN Repeated Patterns Message Length (ms) 00 1 4 Single message sends 16 FDL bits 01 10 40 Minimum command, response length 10 25 100 11 Continuous Continuous Conexant Notes Preferred command Required for ESF Yellow Alarm N8370DSE Bt8370/8375/8376 3.15 Bit-Oriented Protocol Registers Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface TBOP_MODE[1:0] Transmit BOP mode—Enables the BOP transmitter and establishes priority of TBOP [addr 0A1] output in relation to TDL1 [addr 0AD] output. When TBOP messages are given output priority, any write to TBOP aborts TDL1 output within the next 8 FDL bit times and suspends TDL1 data output until TBOP has completed transmission. The processor can check TMSG1 status [addr 0AE] before writing TBOP to determine if TDL1 output is idle. The TDL1 buffer can be written while TBOP is granted priority. When TDL1 messages are given output priority, TBOP output is suspended when the TDL1 buffer becomes non-empty. In case of multiple pending messages, PRM messages have highest priority, then BOP, and then TDL1. Furthermore, TBOP is forced to wait until the TDL1 buffer is empty and the TDL1 output is in the idle state before TBOP output is granted priority. If TBOP_LEN is continuous, and TDL1/PRM message output is pending, then TBOP is suspended at the next 16-bit pattern boundary. TDL1 priority is used to transmit PRM, DS1 Idle (ISID), or optional path maintenance (PID, TSID) messages, which are separated by ESF Yellow Alarm codewords, as defined in Annex D of ANSI T1.403. TBOP_MODE Mode Description 0X Disabled: TBOP writes are ignored 10 TBOP output priority 11 TDL1 output priority 0A1—Transmit BOP Codeword (TBOP) Writing a codeword into TBOP transmits a BOP message. The LSB is transmitted first. 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 — — TBOP[5] TBOP[4] TBOP[3] TBOP[2] TBOP[1] TBOP[0] TBOP[5] Sixth bit transmitted TBOP[4] Fifth bit transmitted TBOP[3] Fourth bit transmitted TBOP[2] Third bit transmitted TBOP[1] Second bit transmitted TBOP[0] Transmit BOP codeword; first bit transmitted N8370DSE Conexant 3-89 Bt8370/8375/8376 3.15 Bit-Oriented Protocol Registers Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface 0A2—Receive BOP Codeword (RBOP) 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 RBOP_LOST RBOP_VALID RBOP[5] RBOP[4] RBOP[3] RBOP[2] RBOP[1] RBOP[0] RBOP_LOST Previous Message Overwritten—Activated when RBOP is updated and RBOP_VALID is already set, indicating the previous codeword was never read by the processor. 0 = no error 1 = prior codeword lost RBOP_VALID RBOP Message Valid—Set each time RBOP[5:0] is updated with a codeword value. Reading from RBOP clears RBOP_VALID. 0 = no message or message read 1 = new RBOP message received RBOP[5] Sixth bit received RBOP[4] Fifth bit received RBOP[3] Fourth bit received RBOP[2] Third bit received RBOP[1] Second bit received RBOP[0] Receive BOP codeword, first bit received 0A3—BOP Status (BOP_STAT) Real-time status of the BOP transmitter and receiver are reported primarily for diagnostic purposes. 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 TBOP_ACTIVE RBOP_ACTIVE — — — — — — TBOP_ACTIVE TBOP Active—Remains set for the entire length of a message as defined by TBOP_LEN[1:0] [addr 0A0]. RBOP_ACTIVE RBOP Active—If RBOP_LEN [addr 0A0] is programmed to 10 or 25, RBOP_ACTIVE is set at the end of the first pattern and held active until the desired number of patterns is detected. The RBOP interrupt is then generated. RBOP_ACTIVE does not toggle when RBOP_LEN is programmed to 1. 3-90 Conexant N8370DSE Bt8370/8375/8376 3.16 Data Link Registers Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface 3 3.16 Data Link Registers Unused bits indicated by a dash (—) are reserved and should be written to 0. Writing to reserved bits has no effect. The Bt8370 and Bt8375 contain two independent Data Link Controllers (DL1, DL2) that are programmed to send and receive HDLC formatted or unformatted serial data over any combination of bits within a selected time slot. The serial data channels operate at a multiple of 4 kbps, up to the full 64 kbps time slot rate, by selecting a combination of time slot bits from odd, even, or all frames. DL1 and DL2 each contain a 64-byte receive and 64-byte transmit buffer which function as programmable length circular buffers or as full-length data FIFOs. The Bt8376 device contains only a single controller, DL1. 0A4—DL1 Time Slot Enable (DL1_TS) 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 DL1_TS[7] DL1_TS[6] DL1_TS[5] DL1_TS[4] DL1_TS[3] DL1_TS[2] DL1_TS[1] DL1_TS[0] DL1_TS[7] Unchannelized—Test mode only, all time slots selected. Zero for normal operation. DL1_TS[6, 5] Frame Select—Transmit and receive data link 1 operates on data only during specified T1/E1 frames. Frame select options give the processor access to different types of data link channels and overhead channels. Overhead bit insertion is performed after TDL1, so internal transmitter overhead insertion must be bypassed [TFRM; addr 072] before processor-supplied overhead can be output from TDL1. 00 = all frames 01 = even frames only 10 = odd frames only 11 = reserved DL1_TS[4:0] Time Slot Word Enable—Transmit and receive data link 1 operates on data only during the specified time slot. During T1 mode, selecting time slot 0 enables data link operation on the F-bit positions. N8370DSE DL1_TS[4:0] Time slot Enable 00000 F-bit (T1) or TS0 (E1) 00001 TS1 | | 11110 TS30 11111 TS31 Conexant 3-91 Bt8370/8375/8376 3.16 Data Link Registers Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface 0A5—DL1 Bit Enable (DL1_BIT) 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 DL1_BIT[7] DL1_BIT[6] DL1_BIT[5] DL1_BIT[4] DL1_BIT[3] DL1_BIT[2] DL1_BIT[1] DL1_BIT[0] DL1_BIT[7:0] DL1 Bit Select—Works in conjunction with DL1_TS [addr 0A4] to select one or more time slot bits for data link input and output. Any combination of bits can be enabled by writing the corresponding DL1_BIT active (high). The LSB enables first bit transmitted or received, and MSB enables eighth bit transmitted or received. DL1_BIT has no effect when DL1_TS selects T1 F-bits. 0 = disable data link bit 1 = enable data link bit 0A6—DL1 Control (DL1_CTL) 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 — — — TDL1_RPT DL1[1] DL1[0] TDL1_EN RDL1_EN TDL1_RPT The Circular Buffer/FIFO control bit [TDL1_RPT; addr 0A6] allows the FIFO to act as a circular buffer; in this mode, a message can be transmitted repeatedly. This feature is available only for unformatted transmit data link applications. The processor can repeatedly send fixed patterns on the selected channel by writing a 1- to 64-byte message into the circular buffer. The programmed message length repeats until the processor writes a new message. The first byte of each unformatted message is output automatically, aligned to the first frame of a 24-, or 16-frame transmit multiframe (SF/ESF/MFAS). This allows the processor to source overhead or data elements aligned to the TX timebase. In both SF and ESF T1 modes, unformatted messages are aligned on 24-frame boundaries. Therefore, in SF applications, the repeating message must be designed to span two SF multiframes. Each unformatted message written is output-aligned only after the preceding message completes transmission. Therefore, data continuity is retained during the linkage of consecutive messages, provided that the contents of each message consist of a multiple of the multiframe length. DL1[1: 0] Data Link 1 mode—Selects either HDLC-formatted Frame Check Sequence (FCS) or Non-FCS transmit and receive data link message mode or unformatted (Pack8 or Pack6) message mode. During HDLC modes, the transmit/receive circuits perform zero insertion/removal after each occurrence of five consecutive 1s contained in the message bits, FLAG (0x7E) character insertion/removal during idle channel conditions, and ABORT (0xFF) code insertion/detection upon errored channel conditions. Refer to ITU-T Recommendation Q.921 for complete details of the HDLC link-layer protocol. FCS mode automatically generates, inserts, and checks the 16-bit FCS without passing FCS bits through transmit and receive FIFOs. Non-FCS mode passes all message bits that exist between the opening and closing FLAG characters through the FIFOs, without generating or checking FCS bits. Non-FCS mode allows the processor to generate and check the entire contents of each HDLC frame. Unformatted data link modes provide transparent channel access, in which every data link bit transmitted is supplied by the processor through TDL1, and each bit received is passed to the processor through RDL1 [addr 0A8]. Pack8 and Pack6 unformatted mode options select the number of bits per byte that are stored in transmit/receive FIFOs—8 or 6 bits, respectively. 3-92 Conexant N8370DSE Bt8370/8375/8376 3.16 Data Link Registers Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface In T1 modes, only Pack6 is applicable. In E1, unformatted mode cannot be used if FAS_MFAS_CAS receive framing is configured. The only data processing performed during unformatted mode is the alignment of transmitted data bits with respect to the receive and transmit multiframe. Please see the valid modes for Pack8 and Pack6 in the table shown below. 00 = HDLC with FCS 01 = HDLC without FCS 10 = Unformatted Pack8 11 = Unformatted Pack6 The following initializations are required when Pack8 or Pack6 is selected: If (Dlink mode == Pack8 or PACK6) { DL_TEST[1] = 0x03 ** The value DL_TEST[1] = 0x2 is for DLINK#1, and 0x3 is for DLINK#2. TEST = 0x02 DL_TEST[5] = 0x60 ** DL_TEST[4] is for DLINK #1 DL_TEST[5] = 0x10 ** DL_TEST[5] is for DLINK #2 TDL2 = 0x0 TDL2_EOM = 0x0 TEST = 0x0 } PACK8 and PACK6 would be applicable for the following applications: Configuration N8370DSE 1 2 3 CR0.T_E1N E1 E1 T1 CR0.RFRAME FAS FAS_MFAS FAS_CAS FAS FAS_MFAS FAS_CAS Any DL1_1CTL.DL PACK8 PACK8 PACK6 DL1_TS.FRAME ODD, EVEN ALL FRAMES ALL FRAMES ODD, EVEN, EVERY_ OTHER_ Even DL1_TS, DL_TS Any Any Any DL1_BIT, DL_BIT Two bits or more Any Any Conexant 3-93 Bt8370/8375/8376 3.16 Data Link Registers Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface TDL1_EN Transmit Data Link 1 Enable—When enabled, the transmitter begins to empty and format the contents of the transmit data link FIFO for output during the selected time slot bits according to the selected DL1[1:0] mode. It enables generation of transmitter data link interrupt events. 0 = disabled 1 = enable transmit data link RDL1_EN Receive Data Link 1 Enable—When enabled, the receiver begins to format data from the selected time slot bits and fills the receive data link FIFO according to the selected DL1[1:0] mode. It also enables generation of receiver data link interrupt events. 0 = disabled 1 = enable receive data link 3-94 Conexant N8370DSE Bt8370/8375/8376 3.16 Data Link Registers Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface 0A7—RDL #1 FIFO Fill Control (RDL1_FFC) 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 MSG_FILL[1] MSG_FILL[0] FFC[5] FFC[4] FFC[3] FFC[2] FFC[1] FFC[0] MSG_FILL[1:0] N8370DSE Unformatted Message Fill Limit—Applicable only for Pack8 and Pack6 modes, the message fill limit selects how many receive FIFO locations [RDL1; addr 0A8] are filled before the receive data link generates an RFULL interrupt [ISR2; addr 009] and generates a corresponding RDL1 Partial message status word entry. Fill limit determines how many bytes constitute an unformatted message, and also gives the processor an alternative to using RNEAR interrupts to signal the end of a received unformatted message. The number of bits per unformatted message must divide evenly by the number of bits monitored per multiframe. For example, SLC applications monitor Fs-bits during even frames for a total of 36 bits monitored out of 72 frames. Using Pack6 mode, that group of 36 Fs-bits from each SLC multiframe can be chosen to constitute one unformatted message by selecting a message fill limit which equals 6 bytes (of 6 bits/byte). In the SLC example, an RFULL interrupt would be generated every 9 ms on each SLC multiframe boundary. Fill limits provided for T1 cases are multiples of 6 bytes (i.e., 6, 12 or 18 FIFO locations) to hold one or more multiframes of monitored data. In E1 mode, fill limits are specified in multiples of 8 bytes to correspond with the 16-frame multiframe lengths (i.e., monitoring CRC4 in MFAS framing mode, or monitoring TS16 in CAS framing mode). T1/E1N MSG_FILL[1:0] Message Fill Limit X 00 Disabled 0 01 8 bytes 0 10 16 bytes 0 11 24 bytes 1 01 6 bytes 1 10 12 bytes 1 11 18 bytes Conexant 3-95 Bt8370/8375/8376 3.16 Data Link Registers FFC[5:0] Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface Near Full FIFO Threshold—Selects FIFO depth of near full interrupt [RNEAR; addr 009] and near full level status [RNEAR1; addr 0A9]. The RNEAR interrupt and RNEAR1 indicator are both activated when the number of empty FIFO locations equals the selected threshold. The threshold controls how many data and/or status bytes (64 minus threshold value) that the processor must read from RDL1 after the RNEAR interrupt so it can clear the RNEAR1 indicator. The threshold also determines how much time remains (in bytes) for the processor to read RDL1 before the receive FIFO is full. If a receive message is in progress when the near full threshold is reached, the receiver issues a message interrupt [RMSG; addr 009] and places a Partial message in the receive FIFO. FFC[5:0] Empty @ RNEAR Filled @ RNEAR 00 0000 none 64 = RFULL 00 0001 1 empty FIFO location 63 filled 00 0010 2 empty FIFO locations 62 filled | | | 11 1110 64 empty FIFO locations 1 filled 11 1111 63 empty FIFO locations 0 filled = empty 0A8—Receive Data Link FIFO #1 (RDL1) Two different read byte values are supplied: WORD0 equals message status, and WORD1 equals message data. The processor determines which byte value is located in the FIFO by reading the receiver data link status [RDL1_STAT; addr 0A9]. In some cases, multiple consecutive status bytes can be placed in the FIFO, so the processor must always read RDL1_STAT before reading RDL1. This allows it to distinguish between WORD0 and WORD1 byte values. However, each time a non-0 byte count [RDL1_CNT] status is read, the processor is guaranteed that the next byte read from RDL1 will be message data [WORD1], not message status. Status byte and a message data byte each occupy 1 byte of FIFO space. WORD0: Message Status 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 EOM[1] EOM[0] RDL1_CNT[5] RDL1_CNT[4] RDL1_CNT[3] RDL1_CNT[2] RDL1_CNT[1] RDL1_CNT[0] EOM[1, 0] 3-96 End of Message—Receive data link reports an End of Message status for each occurrence of a complete (Good), a continued (Partial), an errored (FCS/Non-integer), or an aborted (Abort) message. Properly received unformatted messages are reported with a Partial end of message status. The processor responds to Good or Partial status by reading the indicated number of data bytes [RDL1_CNT] from RDL1. For abort or error cases, RDL1_CNT equals 0 to indicate all that received data from that message was discarded. A Good status with RDL1_CNT=0 is reported if the processor reads RDL1 while the receiver is in progress of filling the FIFO (in which case RDL1_STAT contains RSTAT1=1 and RMSG1=1). If an abort or error status with zero byte count is reported after the processor has already buffered a prior HDLC partial message, that partial buffered processor data should be discarded. Conexant N8370DSE Bt8370/8375/8376 3.16 Data Link Registers Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface Abort status is reported if the receiver detects a string of 7 or more consecutive 1s during an HDLC message. FCS error status is reported if FCS mode is enabled, and the checksum calculated over the received HDLC message does not match the received 16-bit FCS. Non-integer error status is reported if the receiver detects a closing FLAG character that yields an HDLC message length that is not an integer number of 8-bit octets. 00 = Good 01 = FCS/Non-integer 10 = Abort 11 = Partial RDL1_CNT[5:0] Byte Count [5:0]—Indicates the number of Message Data [WORD1] bytes stored in subsequent consecutive FIFO locations and which constitute one received message. The reported byte count is the actual number of bytes, from 0 to 63 bytes, where 0 indicates 0 bytes for the processor to read. The processor can either read the specified number of message data bytes consecutively from RDL1, or poll RDL1_STAT after reading each data byte until RDL1_STAT reports an end of message (i.e., RMPTY1=1 or RSTAT1=1). WORD1: Message Data 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 RDL1[7] RDL1[6] RDL1[5] RDL1[4] RDL1[3] RDL1[2] RDL1[1] RDL1[0] RDL1[7:0] Receive Message Data—Filled by the receiver data link, from LSB to MSB, with bits from the selected channel. The processor reads 8-bit FIFO data during HDLC and Pack8 modes. During Pack6 mode, only the six least significant bits RDL1[5:0] are filled. 0A9—RDL #1 Status (RDL1_STAT) 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 — — — RMSG1 RSTAT1 RMPTY1 RNEAR1 RFULL1 RMSG1 In-Progress Receive Message—Real time status of receive message sequencer is provided mostly for processor-polled applications. During HDLC modes, RMSG1 is high for the interval between opening and closing FLAG characters to indicate that the receiver is filling FIFO locations (in which case RSTAT1 is also held high). RMSG1 is low while the channel receives FLAG or abort characters. During unformatted modes, RMSG1 is high continuously. 0 = channel idle 1 = channel actively filling FIFO RSTAT1 Next, FIFO Read Equals Message Status—For non-empty FIFO conditions (RMPTY1=0), RSTAT1 indicates that the next byte read from RDL1 returns WORD0 message status or WORD1 message data. RSTAT1 equals zero if the FIFO is empty and no message is in-progress. The processor polls RSTAT1 before reading RDL1 to determine how to interpret RDL1 read byte value, or the processor checks RSTAT1 in response to RMSG interrupt [ISR2; addr 009]. 0 = RDL1 byte equals Message Data (or empty FIFO, if RMTPY1=1) 1 = RDL1 byte equals Message Status (if RMPTY1=0) N8370DSE Conexant 3-97 Bt8370/8375/8376 3.16 Data Link Registers Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface RMPTY1 Receive FIFO Empty—Indicates no data or status bytes are present in the receive data link FIFO. 0 = FIFO contains data or status as indicated by RSTAT1 1 = FIFO empty RNEAR1 Receive FIFO Near Full—Indicates the data link has filled the receive FIFO to the near full threshold level specified in FFC[5:0]. Upon reaching that level, the receiver updates the message status byte [WORD0] placed on top of the FIFO and reports the current in-progress message with a Partial end of message status. The processor must read those filled FIFO locations to clear the RNEAR1 status indicator and enable the next RNEAR interrupt. 0 = FIFO depth is below the near full level 1 = FIFO is filled to the near full level RFULL1 Receive FIFO Full—Indicates the data link has completely filled 64 byte locations in the receive FIFO. In all cases, RFULL1 is an error indicating that the processor did not keep pace with the receiver and that one or more received messages were discarded after the FIFO became full. The FIFO can still contain one or more Good received messages, and the processor can still process all receive FIFO contents as usual. However, any message in progress when FIFO reached full is discarded and reported with a Partial end of message status and a 0 byte count (which distinguishes a full end of message status from a normal abort or error message status). 0 = FIFO is less than full 1 = FIFO has been completely filled 0AA—Performance Report Message (PRM) 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 AUTO_PRM PRM_CR PRM_R PRM_U1 PRM_U2 PRM_SL AUTO_SL SEND_PRM AUTO_PRM 3-98 Automatic PRM Insertion—AUTO_PRM instructs the data link transmitter to format and send a Performance Report Message on the selected transmit channel after each occurrence of the ONESEC interrupt. To meet PRM requirements specified in ANSI T1.403-1995, both FCS mode [DL1_CTL; addr 0A6] and 1-second error count latching [LATCH_CNT; addr 046] must be enabled, and the data link channel must be selected to output on Facility Data Link (FDL) framing bits [DL1_TS=0x40; addr 0A4]. Octets 1–14 of the transmit PRM message contents are automatically encoded (as shown in Figure A-5, Performance Report Message Structure), based on the number of received CRC, FPS, LCV, SEF, and FRED errors [addr 050-05A]. RFSLIP errors [SSTAT; addr 0D9] are also automatically encoded if AUTO_SL (described below) is enabled. The remaining PRM message contents typically remain fixed and are supplied by the processor from other bits that follow in the PRM register. BOP priority codeword transmissions are interrupted by AUTO_PRM, if TDL1 is granted output priority [TBOP_MODE=11; addr 0A0]. AUTO_PRM messages take up no space in the transmit data link FIFO, but are inserted on the transmit channel only after the FIFO is empty. Therefore, if the processor needs to transmit another type of FDL message between PRM messages, the processor must write that message after AUTO_PRM has begun sending (i.e., after ONESEC interrupt). 0 = no automatic PRM 1 = send PRM automatically every ONESEC Conexant N8370DSE Bt8370/8375/8376 3.16 Data Link Registers Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface PRM_CR Transmit CR Message Bit—The processor writes the selected C/R bit value to send in each PRM. PRM_R Transmit R Message Bit—The processor writes the selected R bit value to send in each PRM. PRM_U1 Transmit U1 Message Bit—The processor writes the selected U1 bit value to send in each PRM. PRM_U2 Transmit U2 Message Bit—The processor writes the selected U2 bit value to send in each PRM. PRM_SL Transmit SL Message Bit—The processor writes the selected SL bit value to send in each PRM. AUTO_SL Automatic SL Bit Insertion—RFSLIP error status is encoded into the transmit PRM contents, or the PRM_SL bit value supplied by the processor is sent. 0 = send PRM_SL value in SL bit 1 = send RFSLIP error status in SL bit SEND_PRM Immediately Generate and Send PRM—Similar to AUTO_PRM mode, SEND_PRM instructs the data link transmitter to format and send a Performance Report Message according to ANSI T1.403-1995. SEND_PRM executes immediately rather than waiting for an ONESEC interrupt. Thus, SEND_PRM gives processor control over PRM transmit timing. This is easier for the processor to manage if other FDL message types must also be transmitted. 0AB—TDL #1 FIFO Empty Control (TDL1_FEC) 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 — — FEC[5] FEC[4] FEC[3] FEC[2] FEC[1] FEC[0] FEC[5:0] Near Empty Transmit FIFO Threshold—Selects FIFO depth of near empty interrupt [TNEAR; addr 009] and near empty level status [TNEAR1; addr 0AE]. The TNEAR interrupt is activated when the number of data bytes remaining to be transmitted from the FIFO falls below the selected threshold. The TNEAR1 indicator is active as long as the number of processor-filled FIFO locations is below the selected threshold. Thus, TNEAR1 is active-high when the transmit FIFO is empty, and remains active until the processor writes the selected threshold number of bytes to TDL1 [addr 0AD]. Assuming the processor writes 64 bytes to fill an empty FIFO, a TNEAR interrupt occurs after the transmitter has sent the number of bytes required to bring the FIFO level back down below the selected threshold. Hence, the processor can consecutively write 64 - FEC[5:0] number of bytes to the transmit FIFO in response to a TNEAR interrupt. The interrupt also signifies time remaining (in bytes) for the processor to write TDL1 before transmit FIFO is emptied. Typically, FEC[5:0] is set to a small value (below 10-byte threshold) to minimize the number of TNEAR interrupts and maximize the time between TNEAR interrupts. FEC[5:0] N8370DSE Byte threshold @ TNEAR Empty @ TNEAR 00 0000 disabled disabled 00 0001 1 byte threshold 63 empty 00 0010 2 byte threshold 62 empty | | | 11 1110 62 byte threshold 2 empty 11 1111 63 byte threshold 1 empty Conexant 3-99 Bt8370/8375/8376 3.16 Data Link Registers Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface 0AC—TDL #1 End Of Message Control (TDL1_EOM) 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 — — — — — — — — TDL1_EOM End of Transmit Message—Writing any data value to TDL1_EOM marks the last byte of data written into the transmit FIFO as the end of an HDLC message (FCS or non-FCS mode), or the end of a transmit circular buffer. The processor must write TDL1_EOM after writing a complete message or after writing the last byte of a circular buffer into TDL1 [addr 0AD]. The written data value is ignored and cannot be read back. Multiple HDLC messages are allowed to be queued in the transmit FIFO simultaneously. The transition from one circular buffer to another occurs only after the end of message byte of the current circular buffer has been sent. 0AD—Transmit Data Link FIFO #1 (TDL1) 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 TDL1[7] TDL1[6] TDL1[5] TDL1[4] TDL1[3] TDL1[2] TDL1[1] TDL1[0] TDL1[7:0] Transmit Message Data—Output by the transmitter data link, from LSB to MSB, and sent on the selected time slot bits. The processor writes 8-bit FIFO data during HDLC and Pack8 modes. During Pack6 mode, only the six least significant bits TDL1[5:0] are used. 0AE—TDL #1 Status (TDL1_STAT) 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 — — — — TMSG1 TMPTY1 TNEAR1 TFULL1 TMSG1 In-Progress Transmit Message—The real-time status of the transmit message sequencer is provided mostly for diagnostic purposes. During HDLC modes, TMSG1 is high for the interval between opening and closing FLAG characters to indicate the transmitter is actively pulling data bytes from transmit FIFO locations. TMSG1 is low while the channel transmits FLAG or Abort characters. During Unformatted and Circular Buffer modes, TMSG1 is high continuously. 0 = channel idle 1 = channel actively emptying FIFO TMPTY1 Transmit FIFO Empty—Indicates no message data is present in transmit data link FIFO. This is typically checked by the processor in response to a TMSG or TNEAR interrupt. If a TMSG interrupt occurs, the processor checks TMPTY1 to determine whether all queued messages were sent (TMPTY1=1) or more queued messages remain to be sent (TMPTY1=0). If TNEAR interrupt occurs, the processor confirms TMPTY1=0 to verify that the partial transmit message was not aborted by a FIFO underrun. 0 = FIFO contains data to be transmitted 1 = FIFO empty 3-100 Conexant N8370DSE Bt8370/8375/8376 3.16 Data Link Registers Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface TNEAR1 Transmit FIFO Near Empty—Indicates that the data link has emptied the transmit FIFO to below the near empty threshold specified in FEC[5:0]. After sending the byte that occupied the near empty FIFO threshold level, TNEAR1 goes active-high, which generates a TNEAR interrupt. The processor must write data to TDL1 to fill the transmit FIFO beyond the near empty threshold. This is necessary to clear TNEAR1 status, and enable the next TNEAR interrupt event. 0 = FIFO depth is below the near empty level 1 = FIFO has been emptied past the near empty level TFULL1 Transmit FIFO Full—Indicates that the processor has completely filled 64 byte locations in transmit FIFO. While TFULL1 remains active, any subsequent processor-writes to TDL1 are ignored. If the processor inadvertently writes to TDL1 while TFULL1 is active, the processor must allow FIFO to become completely empty without writing to TDL1_EOM. This is necessary to force the transmitter to send an abort character. 0 = FIFO is less than full 1 = FIFO has been completely filled 0AF—DL2 Time Slot Enable (DL2_TS) NOTE: Not available in Bt8376 device. 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 DL2_TS[7] DL2_TS[6] DL2_TS[5] DL2_TS[4] DL2_TS[3] DL2_TS[2] DL2_TS[1] DL2_TS[0] DL2_TS[7] Unchannelized—Test mode only, all time slots selected. Zero for normal operation. DL2_TS[6, 5] Frame Select—Transmit and receive data link 2 operates on data only during specified T1/E1 frames. Frame select options give the processor access to different types of data link channels and overhead channels. Overhead bit insertion is performed after TDL1, so internal transmitter overhead insertion must be bypassed [TFRM; addr 072] before the processor-supplied overhead can be output from TDL2. 00 = all frames 01 = even frames only 10 = odd frames only 11 = reserved DL2_TS[4:0] Time Slot Word Enable—Transmit and receive data link 2 operates on data only during the specified time slot. During T1 mode, selecting time slot 0 enables data link operation on the F-bit positions.0B0—DL2 Bit Enable (DL2_BIT) N8370DSE DL2_TS[4:0] Time Slot Enable 00000 F-bit (T1) or TS0 (E1) 00001 TS1 | | 11110 TS30 11111 TS31 Conexant 3-101 Bt8370/8375/8376 3.16 Data Link Registers Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface 0B0—DL2 Bit Enable (DL2_BIT) NOTE: Not available in Bt8376 device. 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 DL2_BIT[7] DL2_BIT[6] DL2_BIT[5] DL2_BIT[4] DL2_BIT[3] DL2_BIT[2] DL2_BIT[1] DL2_BIT[0] DL2_BIT[7:0] DL2 Bit Select—Works in conjunction with DL2_TS [addr 0AF] to select 1 or more time slot bits for data link input and output. Any combination of bits can be enabled by writing the corresponding DL2_BIT active (high). Where the LSB enables first bit transmitted or received, and MSB enables eighth bit transmitted or received, DL2_BIT has no effect when DL2_TS selects T1 F-bits. 0 = disable data link bit 1 = enable data link bit 0B1—DL2 Control (DL2_CTL) NOTE: Not available in Bt8376 device. 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 — — — TDL2_RPT DL2[1] DL2[0] TDL2_EN RDL2_EN TDL2_RPT The Circular Buffer/FIFO control bit [TDL2_RPT; addr 0B1] allows the FIFO to act as a circular buffer; in this mode, a message can be transmitted repeatedly. This feature is available only for unformatted transmit data link applications. The processor can repeatedly send fixed patterns on the selected channel by writing a 1- to 64-byte message into the circular buffer. The programmed message length repeats until the processor writes a new message. The first byte of each unformatted message is output automatically, aligned to the first frame of a 24-, or 16-frame transmit multiframe (SF/ESF/MFAS). This allows the processor to source overhead or data elements aligned to the TX timebase. In both SF and ESF T1 modes, unformatted messages are aligned on 24-frame boundaries. Therefore, in SF applications, the repeating message must be designed to span two SF multiframes. Each unformatted message written is output-aligned only after the preceding message completes transmission. Therefore, data continuity is retained during the linkage of consecutive messages, provided that the content of each message consists of a multiple of the multiframe length. DL2[1: 0] Data Link 2 mode—Selects either HDLC formatted (FCS or non-FCS) transmit and receive data link message mode or unformatted (Pack8 or Pack6) message mode. During HDLC modes, the transmit/receive circuits perform zero insertion/removal after each occurrence of five consecutive 1s contained in the message bits, FLAG (0x7E) character insertion/removal during idle channel conditions, and ABORT (0xFF) code insertion/detection, upon errored channel conditions. Refer to ITU-T Recommendation Q.921 for complete details of the HDLC link-layer protocol. FCS mode automatically generates, inserts, and checks the 16-bit FCS without passing FCS bits through transmit and receive FIFOs. Non-FCS mode passes all message bits that exist between the opening and closing FLAG characters through the FIFOs without generating or checking FCS bits. Non-FCS mode allows the processor to generate and check the entire contents of each HDLC frame. 3-102 Conexant N8370DSE Bt8370/8375/8376 3.16 Data Link Registers Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface Unformatted data link modes provide transparent channel access in which every data link bit transmitted is supplied by the processor through TDL2, and each bit received is passed to the processor through RDL2 [addr 0B3]. Pack8 and Pack6 unformatted mode options select the number of bits per byte that are stored in transmit/receive FIFOs, 8 or 6 bits, respectively. In T1 modes, only Pack6 is applicable. In E1, unformatted mode cannot be used if FAS_MFAS-CAS receive framing is configured. The only data processing performed during unformatted mode is the alignment of transmitted data bits with respect to the receive and transmit multiframe. Please see the valid modes for Pack8 and Pack6 in the table shown below. 00 = HDLC with FCS 01 = HDLC without FCS 10 = Unformatted Pack8 11 = Unformatted Pack6 The following initializations are required when Pack8 or Pack6 is selected: If (Dlink mode == Pack8 or PACK6) { DL_TEST[1] = 0x03 ** The value DL_TEST[1] = 0x2 is for DLINK#1, and 0x3 is for DLINK#2. TEST = 0x02 DL_TEST[5] = 0x60 ** DL_TEST[4] is for DLINK #1 DL_TEST[5] = 0x10 ** DL_TEST[5] is for DLINK #2 TDL2 = 0x0 TDL2_EOM = 0x0 TEST = 0x0 } PACK8 and PACK6 would be applicable for the following applications: Configuration N8370DSE 1 2 3 CR0.T_E1N E1 E1 T1 CR0.RFRAME FAS FAS_MFAS FAS_CAS FAS FAS_MFAS FAS_CAS Any DL1_1CTL.DL PACK8 PACK8 PACK6 DL1_TS.FRAME ODD, EVEN ALL FRAMES ALL FRAMES ODD, EVEN, EVERY_ OTHER_ Even DL1_TS, DL_TS Any Any Any DL1_BIT, DL_BIT Two bits or more Any Any Conexant 3-103 Bt8370/8375/8376 3.16 Data Link Registers Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface TDL2_EN Transmit Data Link 2 Enable—When enabled, the transmitter begins to empty and format the contents of the transmit data link FIFO for output during the selected time slot bits, according to the selected DL2[1:0] mode. It also enables generation of transmitter data link interrupt events. 0 = disabled 1 = enable transmit data link RDL2_EN Receive Data Link 2 Enable—When enabled, the receiver begins to format data from the selected time slot bits and fill the receive data link FIFO according to the selected DL2[1:0] mode. It also enables generation of receiver data link interrupt events. 0 = disabled 1 = enable receive data link 0B2—RDL #2 FIFO Fill Control (RDL2_FFC) NOTE: Not available in Bt8376 device. 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 MSG_FILL[1] MSG_FILL[0] FFC[5] FFC[4] FFC[3] FFC[2] FFC[1] FFC[0] MSG_FILL[1:0] FFC[5:0] 3-104 Unformatted Message Fill Limit—Applicable only for Pack8 and Pack6 modes, the message fill limit selects how many receive FIFO locations [RDL2; addr 0B3] are filled before the receive data link generates an RFULL interrupt [ISR1; addr 00A] and before the data link generates a corresponding RDL2 Partial message status word entry. Fill limits determine how many bytes constitute an unformatted message, and give the processor an alternative to using RNEAR interrupts to signal the end of a received unformatted message. The number of bits per unformatted message must divide evenly by the number of bits monitored per multiframe. For example, SLC applications monitor Fs-bits during even frames, for a total of 36 bits monitored out of 72 frames. Using Pack6 mode, that group of 36 Fs-bits from each SLC multiframe can be chosen to constitute one unformatted message by selecting a message fill limit which equals 6 bytes (of 6 bits/byte). In the SLC example, an RFULL interrupt would be generated every 9 ms on each SLC multiframe boundary. Fill limits provided for T1 cases are multiples of 6 bytes (i.e., 6, 12 or 18 FIFO locations) to hold one or more multiframes of monitored data. In E1 mode, fill limits are multiples of 8 bytes to correspond with the 16 frame multiframe lengths (i.e., monitoring CRC4 in MFAS framing mode, or monitoring TS16 in CAS framing mode). T1/E1N MSG_FILL[1:0] Message Fill Limit X 00 Disabled 0 01 8 bytes 0 10 16 bytes 0 11 24 bytes 1 01 6 bytes 1 10 12 bytes 1 11 18 bytes Near Full FIFO Threshold—Selects FIFO depth of near full interrupt [RNEAR; addr 00A] and near full level status [RNEAR2; addr 0B4]. The RNEAR interrupt and RNEAR2 indicator are both activated when the number of empty FIFO locations equals the selected threshold. The threshold controls how many data and/or status bytes (64 minus threshold value) the processor Conexant N8370DSE Bt8370/8375/8376 3.16 Data Link Registers Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface must read from RDL2 after RNEAR interrupt to clear the RNEAR2 indicator, and how much time remains (in bytes) for the processor to read RDL2 before receive FIFO is full. If a receive message is in progress when the near full threshold is reached, the receiver issues a message interrupt [RMSG; addr 00A] and places a Partial message in the receive FIFO. N8370DSE FFC[5:0] Empty @ RNEAR Filled @ RNEAR 00 0000 none 64 = RFULL 00 0001 1 empty FIFO location 63 filled 00 0010 2 empty FIFO locations 62 filled | | | 11 1110 62 empty FIFO locations 1 filled 11 1111 63 empty FIFO locations 0 filled = empty Conexant 3-105 Bt8370/8375/8376 3.16 Data Link Registers Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface 0B3—Receive Data Link FIFO #2 (RDL2) Not available in Bt8376 device. Two different read byte values are supplied: WORD0 equals message status, and WORD1 equals message data. The processor determines which byte value is located in the FIFO by first reading the receiver data link status [RDL2_STAT; addr 0B4]. In some cases, multiple consecutive status bytes can be placed in the FIFO, so the processor must always read RDL2_STAT before reading RDL2 to distinguish between WORD0 and WORD1 byte values. However, each time a non-0 byte count [RDL2_CNT] status is read, the processor is guaranteed that the next byte read from RDL2 is message data [WORD1], not message status. Status byte and a message data byte each occupies 1 byte of FIFO space. NOTE: WORD0: Message Status 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 EOM[1] EOM[0] RDL2_CNT[5] RDL2_CNT[4] RDL2_CNT[3] RDL2_CNT[2] RDL2_CNT[1] RDL2_CNT[0] EOM[1, 0] End of Message—The receive data link reports an End of Message status for each occurrence of a complete (Good), a continued (Partial), an errored (FCS/Non-integer), or an aborted (Abort) message. Properly received unformatted messages are reported with a Partial end of message status. The processor responds to Good or Partial status by reading the indicated number of data bytes [RDL2_CNT] from RDL2. For abort or error cases, RDL2_CNT equals 0 to indicate all received data from that message was discarded. Note that A Good status with RDL2_CNT=0 is reported if the processor reads RDL2 while the receiver is in progress of filling the FIFO (in which case RDL2_STAT contains RSTAT2=1 and RMSG2=1). If an abort or error status with 0 byte count is reported after the processor has buffered a prior HDLC Partial message, that partial buffered processor data must be discarded. Abort status is reported if the receiver detects a string of 7 or more consecutive 1s during an HDLC message. FCS error status is reported if FCS mode is enabled and the checksum calculated over the received HDLC message does not match the received 16-bit FCS. Non-integer error status is reported if the receiver detects a closing FLAG character that yields an HDLC message length which is not an integer number of 8-bit octets. 00 = Good 01 = FCS/Non-integer 10 = Abort 11 = Partial RDL2_CNT[5:0] Byte Count [5:0]—Indicates the number of Message Data [WORD1] bytes stored in subsequent consecutive FIFO locations, constituting one received message. The reported byte count is the actual number of bytes from 0 to 63, where 0 indicates 0 bytes for the processor to read. The processor can read either the specified number of message data bytes consecutively from RDL2, or poll RDL2_STAT after reading each data byte until RDL2_STAT reports an end of message (i.e., RMPTY2=1 or RSTAT2=1). WORD1: Message Data 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 RDL2[7] RDL2[6] RDL2[5] RDL2[4] RDL2[3] RDL2[2] RDL2[1] RDL2[0] RDL2[7:0] 3-106 Receive Message Data—Filled by the receiver data link, from LSB to MSB, with bits from the selected channel. The processor reads 8-bit FIFO data during HDLC and Pack8 modes. During Pack6 mode, only the 6 least significant bits RDL2[5:0] are filled. Conexant N8370DSE Bt8370/8375/8376 3.16 Data Link Registers Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface 0B4—RDL #2 Status (RDL2_STAT) NOTE: Not available in Bt8376 device. 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 — — — RMSG2 RSTAT2 RMPTY2 RNEAR2 RFULL2 RMSG2 In-Progress Receive Message—The real-time status of the receive message sequencer is provided mostly for processor-polled applications. During HDLC modes, RMSG2 is high for the interval between opening and closing FLAG characters to indicate the receiver is actively filling FIFO locations (in which case RSTAT2 is also held high). RMSG2 is low while the channel receives FLAG or abort characters. During unformatted modes, RMSG2 is continuously high. 0 = channel idle 1 = channel actively filling FIFO RSTAT2 Next, FIFO Read Equals Message Status—For non-empty FIFO conditions (RMPTY2=0), RSTAT2 indicates that the next byte read from RDL2 is WORD0 message status or WORD1 message data. RSTAT2 equals 0 if the FIFO is empty, with no message in-progress. The processor polls RSTAT2 before reading RDL2 to determine how to interpret the RDL2 read byte value, or checks RSTAT2 in response to an RMSG interrupt [ISR1; addr 00A]. 0 = RDL2 byte equals Message Data (or empty FIFO, if RMTPY2=1) 1 = RDL2 byte equals Message Status (if RMPTY2=0) RMPTY2 Receive FIFO Empty—Indicates no data or status bytes are present in receive data link FIFO. 0 = FIFO contains data or status as indicated by RSTAT2 1 = FIFO empty RNEAR2 Receive FIFO Near Full—Indicates the data link has filled the receive FIFO to the near full threshold level specified in FFC[5:0]. Upon reaching the near full level, the receiver updates the message status byte [WORD0] placed on top of the FIFO and reports the current in-progress message with a Partial end of message status. The processor must read those filled FIFO locations to clear RNEAR2 status indicator and enable the next RNEAR interrupt. 0 = FIFO depth is below the near full level 1 = FIFO has been filled to the near full level RFULL2 Receive FIFO Full—Indicates the data link has completely filled 64 byte locations in the receive FIFO. In all cases, RFULL2 is an error indicating the processor did not keep pace with the receiver, and one or more received messages were discarded after the FIFO became full. The FIFO can still contain one or more Good received messages, and the processor can still process all receive FIFO contents as usual. However, any message that was in progress when FIFO reached full is discarded and reported with Partial end of message status and a 0 byte count (which distinguishes a full end of message status from a normal abort or error message status). 0 = FIFO is less than full 1 = FIFO has been completely filled N8370DSE Conexant 3-107 Bt8370/8375/8376 3.16 Data Link Registers Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface 0B6—TDL #2 FIFO Empty Control (TDL2_FEC) NOTE: Not available in Bt8376 device. 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 — — FEC[5] FEC[4] FEC[3] FEC[2] FEC[1] FEC[0] FEC[5:0] Near Empty Transmit FIFO Threshold—Selects a FIFO depth of near empty interrupt [TNEAR; addr 00A] and near empty level status [TNEAR2; addr 0B9]. The TNEAR interrupt is activated when the number of data bytes remaining to be transmitted from the FIFO falls below the selected threshold. The TNEAR2 indicator is active as long as the number of processor-filled FIFO locations is below the selected threshold. Thus, TNEAR2 is active-high when the transmit FIFO is completely empty. It remains active until the processor writes the selected threshold number of bytes to TDL2 [addr 0B8]. Assuming the processor writes 64 bytes to fill an empty FIFO, the TNEAR interrupt occurs after the transmitter has sent the number of bytes required to bring the FIFO level below the selected threshold. Hence, the processor is guaranteed to consecutively write 64 – FEC[5:0] number of bytes to the transmit FIFO in response to a TNEAR interrupt. The interrupt signifies time remaining (in bytes) for the processor to write TDL2 before the transmit FIFO is emptied. Typically, FEC[5:0] is set to a small value (approximately 5- to 10-byte threshold) minimize the number of TNEAR interrupts and to maximize the time between TNEAR interrupts. FEC[5:0] Byte threshold @ TNEAR Empty @ TNEAR 00 0000 disabled disabled 00 0001 1-byte threshold 63 empty 00 0010 2-byte threshold 62 empty | | | 11 1110 62-byte threshold 2 empty 11 1111 63-byte threshold 1 empty 0B7—TDL #2 End Of Message Control (TDL2_EOM) NOTE: 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 — — — — — — — — TDL2_EOM 3-108 Not available in Bt8376 device. End of Transmit Message—Writing any data value to TDL2_EOM marks the last byte of data written into the transmit FIFO as the end of an HDLC message (FCS or Non-FCS mode), or end of a transmit circular buffer. The processor must write TDL2_EOM after writing a complete message, or after writing the last byte of a circular buffer into TDL2 [addr 0B8]. The written data value is ignored and cannot be read back. Multiple HDLC messages are allowed to be queued in the transmit FIFO simultaneously. Transition from one circular buffer to another occurs only after the current circular buffer has been sent. Conexant N8370DSE Bt8370/8375/8376 3.16 Data Link Registers Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface 0B8—Transmit Data Link FIFO #2 (TDL2) NOTE: Not available in Bt8376 device. 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 TDL2[7] TDL2[6] TDL2[5] TDL2[4] TDL2[3] TDL2[2] TDL2[1] TDL2[0] TDL2[7:0] Transmit Message Data—Output by the transmitter data link from LSB to MSB sent on selected time slot bits. The processor writes 8-bit FIFO data during HDLC and Pack8 modes. During Pack6 mode, only the 6 least significant bits TDL2[5:0] are used. 0B9—TDL #2 Status (TDL2_STAT) NOTE: Not available in Bt8376 device 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 — — — — TMSG2 TMPTY2 TNEAR2 TFULL2 TMSG2 In-Progress Transmit Message—The real-time status of the transmit message sequencer is provided mostly for diagnostic purposes. During HDLC modes, TMSG2 is high for the interval between opening and closing FLAG characters to indicate the transmitter is actively pulling data bytes from transmit FIFO locations. TMSG2 is low while the channel transmits FLAG or abort characters. During Unformatted and Circular Buffer modes, TMSG2 is continuously high. 0 = channel idle 1 = channel actively emptying FIFO TMPTY2 Transmit FIFO Empty—Indicates that no message data is present in the transmit data link FIFO. This is typically checked by the processor in response to a TMSG or TNEAR interrupt. If a TMSG interrupt occurs, the processor checks TMPTY2 to verify that all queued messages were sent (TMPTY2=1) or that more queued messages remain to be sent (TMPTY2=0). If TNEAR interrupt occurs, the processor confirms TMPTY2=0 to verify that the partial transmit message was not aborted by a FIFO underrun. 0 = FIFO contains data to be transmitted 1 = FIFO empty TNEAR2 Transmit FIFO Near Empty—Indicates that the data link has emptied the transmit FIFO to below the near empty threshold as specified in FEC[5:0]. After sending the byte that occupied the near empty FIFO threshold level, TNEAR2 goes active-high, which generates a TNEAR interrupt. The processor must write data to TDL2 to fill the transmit FIFO beyond the near empty threshold to clear TNEAR2 status and enable the next TNEAR interrupt event. 0 = FIFO depth is below the near empty level 1 = FIFO has been emptied past the near empty level TFULL2 Transmit FIFO Full—Indicates the processor has filled 64 byte locations in the transmit FIFO. While TFULL2 remains active, subsequent processor writes to TDL2 are ignored. If the processor inadvertently writes to TDL2 while TFULL2 is active, the processor must allow FIFO to become completely empty without writing to TDL2_EOM, to force the transmitter to send an Abort character. 0 = FIFO is less than full 1 = FIFO has been completely filled N8370DSE Conexant 3-109 Bt8370/8375/8376 3.16 Data Link Registers Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface 0BA—DLINK Test Configuration (DL_TEST1) Data link test registers [addr 0BA-0BE] are for CONEXANT production test. Set to 0 for normal operation. 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 — — — — DL_TEST1[3] DL_TEST1[2] DL_TEST1[1] DL_TEST1[0] DL_TEST1[3] Clock Test—Zero for normal operation, where clocks are controlled by DL1_CTL and DL2_CTL [addr 0A6, 0B1]. When active-high, clocks are enabled. DL_TEST1[2] Shadow Select—Report shadow pointers instead of normal read/write pointers. DL_TEST1[1, 0] FIFO Select: 00 = RDL1; 01 = RDL2; 10 = TDL1; 11 = TDL2 0BB—DLINK Test Status (DL_TEST2) 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 — — DL_TEST2[5] DL_TEST2[4] DL_TEST2[3] DL_TEST2[2] DL_TEST2[1] DL_TEST2[0] DL_TEST2[5:0] Read or Shadow Read Pointer—Reports selected FIFO read pointer current address. 0BC—DLINK Test Status (DL_TEST3) 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 — — DL_TEST3[5] DL_TEST3[4] DL_TEST3[3] DL_TEST3[2] DL_TEST3[1] DL_TEST3[0] DL_TEST3[5:0] Write or Shadow Write Pointer—Specifies selected FIFO write pointer address. 0BD—DLINK Test Control #1 or Configuration #2 (DL_TEST4) 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 — DL_TEST4[6] DL_TEST4[5] DL_TEST4[4] DL_TEST4[3] DL_TEST4[2] DL_TEST4[1] DL_TEST4[0] DL_TEST4[6] TFIFO1 Read Clear—Force transmit FIFO read pointer to empty. DL_TEST4[5] TFIFO1 Write Clear—Force transmit FIFO write pointer to empty. DL_TEST4[4] TFIFO1 Write—MPU data goes to specified write pointer address. DL_TEST4[3] RFIFO1 Read Clear—Force receive FIFO read pointer to empty state (flush). DL_TEST4[2] RFIFO1 Write Clear—Force receive FIFO write pointer to empty state (flush). DL_TEST4[1] RFIFO1 Write—MPU data goes to specified write pointer address. DL_TEST4[0] RFIFO1 Bypass—Pipe receive data. 3-110 Conexant N8370DSE Bt8370/8375/8376 3.16 Data Link Registers Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface 0BE—DLINK Test Control #2 or Configuration #2 (DL_TEST5) 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 — DL_TEST5[6] DL_TEST5[5] DL_TEST5[4] DL_TEST5[3] DL_TEST5[2] DL_TEST5[1] DL_TEST5[0] DL_TEST5[6] TFIFO2 Read Clear—Force transmit FIFO read pointer to empty. DL_TEST5[5] TFIFO2 Write Clear—Force transmit FIFO write pointer to empty. DL_TEST5[4] TFIFO2 Write—MPU data goes to specified write pointer address. DL_TEST5[3] RFIFO2 Read Clear—Force receive FIFO read pointer to empty state (flush). DL_TEST5[2] RFIFO2 Write Clear—Force receive FIFO write pointer to empty state (flush). DL_TEST5[1] RFIFO2 Write—MPU data goes to specified write pointer address. DL_TEST5[0] RFIFO2 Bypass—Pipe receive data. N8370DSE Conexant 3-111 Bt8370/8375/8376 3.17 System Bus Registers Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface 3 3.17 System Bus Registers Unused bits indicated by a dash (—) are reserved and should be written to 0. Writing to reserved bits has no effect. 0D0—System Bus Interface Configuration (SBI_CR) 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 X2CLK SBI_OE EMF EMBED SBI[3] SBI[2] SBI[1] SBI[0] X2CLK Enable Times 2 Clocks—X2CLK modifies the number of RSB/TSB clock cycles used to clock a single data bit onto RSB and TSB. When X2CLK is active, two RSBCKI/TSBCKI clock cycles occur for each RPCMO, RSIGO, SIGFRZ, TPCMI, and TSIGI bit. The FSYNC and MSYNC signals remain at the full 1x RSBCKI/TSBCKI clock rate. 0 = RSB/TSB signals at RSBCKI/TSBCKI 1 = Two SBCKI clock cycles per SBI bit (except FSYNC and MSYNC). SBI_OE Enable System Bus Outputs—Places RPCMO, RSIGO, RINDO, and SIGFRZ output buffers under the control of the RSB timebase. SBI_OE also places the TINDO output buffer under the control of TSB timebase. Inactive (low) forces SBI output buffers to a high-impedance state. Power-on and RESET [addr 001] force SBI_OE to an inactive state to avoid bus contention on devices that share system bus connections. 0 = SBI outputs forced to high-impedance state 1 = SBI outputs controlled by respective RSB or TSB timebase EMF Embedded Framing—During T1 mode, EMF controls placement of T1 framing bits on RPCMO and the sampling of T1 framing bits from TPCMI. EMF supports system buses that carry T1 frames but operate above T1 line rate. EMF allows the system bus to transport and maintain 193-bit frame integrity while T1 data is passed through RSLIP and/or TSLIP buffers. 0 = G.802 embedded format 1 = Reserved 3-112 Conexant N8370DSE Bt8370/8375/8376 3.17 System Bus Registers Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface EMBED EMBED instructs the transmit framer (refer to [TABORT; addr 071] to align TX timebase with respect to frame and multiframe alignment embedded in TXDATA, the transmit line rate data output from TSLIP. If TSLIP is enabled, EMBED is inactive, and overhead is bypassed, TX timebase is not guaranteed to align to TXDATA, and bypassed overhead cannot reliably pass through TSLIP. EMBED is applicable to all system bus modes. EMBED T1/E1N Embedded Framing Mode 0 x Transmit framer searches TPCMI 1 0 TS0 Embedded; search TXDATA 1 1 G.802; search TXDATA NOTE(S): Embedded F-bits reach TX output only if frame formatter [TFRM; addr 072] is in Bypass or Transparent mode. TS0 Embedded The offline framer examines TXDATA to align TX timebase to the embedded FAS pattern. If MFAS is also enabled [TFRAME; addr 070], the transmit online framer examines TXDATA to align TX timebase to the embedded MFAS pattern. While EMBED is active, TXDATA output is monitored, and transmit frame errors are reported in ISR0 [addr 00B]. Embedded TS0 supports E1 overhead bypass options for applications where TSLIP buffer is enabled. G.802 Automatically supports ITU–T Recommendation G.802, which Embedded defines frame format conversion between T1 and E1 line rates by locating T1 F-bits in Bit 1 of time slot 26 of each system bus frame. G.802 embedded mode is applicable for system buses that are 1x, 2x, or 4x multiples of the E1 line rate. Full implementation of G.802 also requires the processor to program TS0, TS16, and TS26–TS31 as unassigned system bus time slots [SBCn; addr 0E0–0FF]. SBI[3:0] N8370DSE System Bus Interface mode—Defines transmit and receive system bus data format. System buses operate in one of nine basic formats which differ in the number of total available data time slots and the associated system bus clock rate. If the total time slots are a multiple of 32, SBI also defines which bus group of 32 byte-interleaved time slots are assigned to the respective device. SBI[3:0] Mode Clock (Kobe) Total Time Slots Bus Group 0000 128A 8192 128 Group 0 0001 128B 8192 128 Group 1 0010 128C 8192 128 Group 2 0011 128D 8192 128 Group 3 0100 64A 4096 64 Group 0 0101 64B 4096 64 Group 1 0110 32 2048 32 — 0111 24 1544 24 + F-bit — 1000 24 1536 24 — Conexant 3-113 Bt8370/8375/8376 3.17 System Bus Registers Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface 0D1—Receive System Bus Configuration (RSB_CR) 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 BUS_RSB SIG_OFF RPCM_NEG RSYN_NEG BUS_FRZ RSB_CTR RSBI[1] RSBI[0] BUS_RSB Enable Bussed RSB Outputs—Applicable only if the system bus outputs are controlled by SBI timebases [SBI_OE = 1; addr 0D0]. When BUS_RSB is active, RPCMO, RSIGO, and RINDO outputs from multiple devices are allowed to share common receive system bus connections. Unused time slots are three-stated during those bus groups not selected by SBI mode [addr 0D0]; otherwise, unused time slots repeat their output data value for all bus groups. 0 = RSB time slot value repeated for all bus groups 1 = three-state RSB outputs during unused bus groups SIG_OFF Inhibit RPCMO Signaling Reinsertion—Disables insertion of ABCD signaling for all time slots on the receive system bus PCM output (RPCMO); otherwise, ABCD signaling is reinserted on RPCMO, as controlled by System Bus Per-Channel [SBCn; addr 0E0–0FF] and RX Per-Channel [RPCn; addr 180–19F] controls. 0 = enable insertion of signaling onto RPCMO 1 = inhibit RPCMO signaling RPCM_NEG Output Data on Falling Edge Clock—Selects RSBCKI rising or falling edge clock signal to output RPCMO, RSIGO, RINDO, and SIGFRZ. 0 = RSB rising edge outputs 1 = RSB falling edge outputs RSYN_NEG Output Sync on Falling Edge Clock—Selects RSBCKI rising or falling edge clock signal for RFSYNC or RMSYNC outputs. Opposite RSBCKI edge is used if RFSYNC or RMSYNC is programmed as input. 0 = RFSYNC or RMSYNC rising edge output (falling edge input) 1 = RFSYNC or RMSYNC falling edge output (rising edge input) When RFSYNC or RMSYNC is an input and configured for rising edge sampling, RFSYNC or RMSYNC must be sampled low during the previous falling clock edge, then sampled high at the rising clock edge. (Refer to Figure 5-5, SBI Timing: Setup and Hold Time for RFSYNC/RMSYNC and TFSYNC/TMSYNC Input Signals and Table 5-6, Input Data Setup and Hold Timing.) BUS_FRZ Enable Bused SIGFRZ Output—Enables SIGFRZ from multiple devices to share a common receive system bus connection. When active, SIGFRZ three-states during bus group time slots unused by the selected SBI mode [addr 0D0]. 0 = SIGFRZ repeats for all bus groups 1 = three-state SIGFRZ during unused bus groups RSB_CTR Force RSLIP to Center—Writing a one to RSB_CTR forces RSLIP read buffer pointer to its initial delay condition. If RFSYNC or RMSYNC is programmed as an output, RSB_CTR forces a change of system bus sync alignment. The processor must assert RSB_CTR after configuration of the receive slip buffer. Centering RSLIP does not effect RSLIP status reported in ISR.5 [addr 006]. RSB_CTR must be written to a 1, then to a 0. This bit is not self-clearing. 0 = no effect 1 = force RSLIP to center 3-114 Conexant N8370DSE Bt8370/8375/8376 3.17 System Bus Registers Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface RSBI[1:0] Receive Slip Buffer Interface mode—Selects configuration of RSLIP buffer. RSBI determines total buffer depth and initial delay conditions. While RSLIP is bypassed, RCKO clocks RSB outputs and RSBCKI is ignored. RFSYNC and RMSYNC are also ignored in Bypass mode if they are programmed as inputs. RFSYNC and RMSYNC must be programmed as outputs if RSB [1:0] selects either bypass or Elastic buffer mode. RSBI Mode Total Depth Initial Delay Conditions 00 Normal 2 Frame 1 Frame When RFSYNC is output 0.5 to 1.5 Frames When RFSYNC is input 01 Short 2 Frame 32 Bits Reverts to normal upon slip 10 Elastic 64 Bits 32 Bits Recenters automatically upon slip 11 Bypass 0 Bits 0 Bits RSBCKI ignored NOTE(S): To guarantee the pointer in the slip buffer is initialized properly during Elastic Mode, the following procedure can be applied: 1. Disable slip buffer 2. Center slip buffer 3. Set the slip buffer to Elastic Mode. RSBI[1:0] = 11, RSB_CTR = 0 RSBI[1:0] = 11, RSB_CTR = 0 RSBI[1:0] = 10, RSB_CTR = 0 0D2—RSB Sync Bit Offset (RSYNC_BIT) 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 — — — — — OFFSET[2] OFFSET[1] OFFSET[0] OFFSET[2:0] N8370DSE RSB Sync Bit Offset—Selects which RSB bit number coincides with RFSYNC and RMSYNC sync pulses. Sync pulses are programmed to align to 1 bit in relation to RPCMO, RSIGO, RINDO, and SIGFRZ time slots. If the sync pulses are desired to coincide with location of T1 F-bit or time slot 0 Bit 1, OFFSET is programmed to equal 0. Sync bit offset is added to time slot offset [RSYNC_TS; addr 0D3] to form a 10-bit OFFSET value that applies to RFSYNC location, which is then added to frame offset [RSYNC_FRM; addr 0D8]. This forms a 15-bit OFFSET value that applies to the RMSYNC location. Both RFSYNC and RMSYNC offsets are expressed as RSB.OFFSET, allowing the system to generate or accept sync pulses at any bit location within the RSB multiframe. OFFSET[2:0] RSYNC Location 000 Bit 1 or F-bit 001 Bit 2 | | 110 Bit 7 111 Bit 8 Conexant 3-115 Bt8370/8375/8376 3.17 System Bus Registers Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface 0D3—RSB Sync Time Slot Offset (RSYNC_TS) 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 — OFFSET[9] OFFSET[8] OFFSET[7] OFFSET[6] OFFSET[5] OFFSET[4] OFFSET[3] OFFSET[9:3] RSB Sync Time Slot Offset—Selects which RSB time slot number coincides with RFSYNC and RMSYNC sync pulses, in the range of time slots 0–127. If the sync pulses coincide with location of T1 F-bit or TS0, OFFSET is programmed to equal 0. Refer also to RSYNC_BIT and RSYNC_FRM [addr 0D2, 0D8]. 2048, 1544, and 1536 kbps SBI Mode OFFSET[9:3] RSYNC Time Slot 0000000 0 or F-bit 0000001 1 | | 0011110 30 0011111 31 4096 kbps SBI Mode 3-116 OFFSET[9:4] OFFSET[3] RSYNC Time Slot Group 000000 0 0 A 000000 1 0 B 000001 0 1 A 000001 1 1 B | | | | 011110 0 30 A 011110 1 30 B 011111 0 31 A 011111 1 31 B Conexant N8370DSE Bt8370/8375/8376 3.17 System Bus Registers Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface 8192 kbps SBI Mode OFFSET[9:5] OFFSET[4:3] RSYNC Time Slot Group 00000 00 0 A 00000 01 0 B 00000 10 0 C 00000 11 0 D 00001 00 1 A 00001 01 1 B 00001 10 1 C 00001 11 1 D | | | | 11110 00 30 A 11110 01 30 B 11110 10 30 C 11110 11 30 D 11111 00 31 A 11111 01 31 B 11111 10 31 C 11111 11 31 D NOTE(S): Offsets outside the RSB timebase range result in no pulses on RFSYNC and RMSYNC outputs. 0D4—Transmit System Bus Configuration (TSB_CR) 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 BUS_TSB TX_ALIGN TPCM_NEG TSYN_NEG TSB_ALIGN TSB_CTR TSBI[1] TSBI[0] BUS_TSB Enable Bussed TSB Output—Applicable only if system bus outputs are controlled by SBI timebases [SBI_OE = 1; addr 0D0]. When BUS_TSB is active, TINDO outputs from multiple devices are allowed to share a common transmit system bus connection. Unused time slots are three-stated during bus groups not selected by SBI mode [addr 0D0]; otherwise, unused time slots repeat their TINDO value for all bus groups. 0 = TINDO repeated for all bus groups 1 = three-state TINDO during unused time slots TX_ALIGN Transmitter Output Multiframe Aligns to TSB Timebase—Allows multiframe alignment located at TSB (from TMSYNC or TFRAMER) to pass across TSLIP buffer and force the corresponding multiframe alignment onto the transmitter timebase. Used primarily to pass TMSYNC from system bus. 0 = Transmitter multiframe does not follow TSB 1 = Transmitter multiframe follows TSB multiframe TPCM_NEG Output Data on Falling Edge Clock—Selects TSBCKI rising or falling edge clock signal to output TINDO and the opposite TSBCKI edge to sample TPCMI and TSIGI inputs. 0 = TINDO rising edge output (TPCMI and TSIGI falling edge inputs) 1 = TINDO falling edge outputs (TPCMI and TSIGI rising edge inputs) N8370DSE Conexant 3-117 Bt8370/8375/8376 3.17 System Bus Registers Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface TSYN_NEG Output Sync on Falling Edge Clock—Selects TSBCKI rising or falling edge clock signal for TFSYNC or TMSYNC outputs. Opposite TSBCKI edge is used if TFSYNC or TMSYNC is programmed as input. 0 = TFSYNC or TMSYNC rising edge output (falling edge input) 1 = TFSYNC or TMSYNC falling edge output (rising edge input) When TFSYNC or TMSYNC is an input and configured for rising edge sampling, TFSYNC or TMSYNC must be sampled low during the previous falling clock edge, then sampled high at the rising clock edge. (Refer to Figure 5-5, SBI Timing: Setup and Hold Time for RFSYNC/RMSYNC and TFSYNC/TMSYNC Input Signals and Table 5-6, Input Data Setup and Hold Timing.) TSB_ALIGN Transmit System Bus Multiframe Aligns to Transmit Timebase—Allows multiframe alignment located at TX timebase to pass across TSLIP and forces the corresponding multiframe alignment onto the TSB timebase. Used primarily to pass CAS or MFAS alignment located by the transmit online framer onto the TMSYNC output. 0 = TSB multiframe does not follow XMTR 1 = TSB multiframe aligned by XMTR TSB_CTR Force TSLIP to Center—Writing a 1 to TSB_CTR forces TSLIP read buffer pointer to its initial delay condition, possibly forcing a change of transmit frame alignment if TSLIP is configured in Elastic or Bypass modes. Writing a 0 has no effect. The processor must assert TSB_CTR after configuration of the transmit slip buffer, after which, Bt8370/8375/8376 automatically recenters TSLIP buffer according to the configured mode. Centering TSLIP does not effect TSLIP status reported in ISR5[addr 006]. 0 = no effect 1 = force TSLIP to center TSBI[1:0] Transmit Slip Buffer Interface mode—Selects the configuration of the TSLIP buffer. The TSBI determines the total buffer depth and initial delay conditions. While TSLIP is bypassed, TCKI clocks the TSB input/output, and TSBCKI is ignored. TSBI Mode Total Depth Initial Delay Conditions 00 Normal 2 Frame 0.5 to 1.5 Frames Dependent on present depth, no change of output frame. 01 Short 2 Frame 32 Bits Reverts to normal upon slip 10 Elastic 64 Bits 32 Bits Recenters automatically upon slip 11 Bypass 0 Bits 0 Bits TSBCKI ignored NOTE(S): Bypass requires system bus equal to line rate. To guarantee the pointer is initialized properly in the slip buffer during Elastic Mode, the following procedure can be applied: 1. 2. 3. 3-118 Disable Slip Buffer Center Slip Buffer Set the Slip Buffer to Elastic mode Conexant TSBI[1:0] = 11, TSB_CTR = 0 TSBI[1:0] = 11, TSB_CTR = 1 TSBI[1:0] = 10, TSB_CTR = 0 N8370DSE Bt8370/8375/8376 3.17 System Bus Registers Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface 0D5—TSB Sync Bit Offset (TSYNC_BIT) 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 — — — — — OFFSET[2] OFFSET[1] OFFSET[0] OFFSET[2:0] TSB Sync Bit Offset—Selects which TSB bit number coincides with TFSYNC and TMSYNC sync pulses. Sync pulses are programmed to align to 1 bit in relation to TPCMI, TSIGI, and TINDO time slots. If the sync pulses are desired to coincide with location of T1 F-bit or time slot zero bit 1, OFFSET is programmed to equal 0. Sync bit offset is added to time slot offset [TSYNC_TS; addr 0D6] to form a 10-bit OFFSET value that applies to TFSYNC and TMSYNC location. Both TFSYNC and TMSYNC offsets are expressed as TSB.OFFSET, allowing the system to generate or accept sync pulses at any bit location within the TSB frame. OFFSET[2:0] TSYNC Location 000 Bit 1 or F-bit 001 Bit 2 | | 110 Bit 7 111 Bit 8 0D6—TSB Sync Time Slot Offset (TSYNC_TS) 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 — OFFSET[9] OFFSET[8] OFFSET[7] OFFSET[6] OFFSET[5] OFFSET[4] OFFSET[3] OFFSET[9:3] TSB Sync Time Slot Offset—Selects which TSB time slot number coincides with TFSYNC and TMSYNC sync pulses, in the range of time slots 0–127. If the sync pulses coincide with location of T1 F-bit or TS0, OFFSET is programmed to equal 0. 2048, 1544, and 1536 kbps SBI Mode N8370DSE OFFSET[9:3] TSYNC Time Slot 0000000 0 or F-bit 0000001 1 | | 0011110 30 0011111 31 Conexant 3-119 Bt8370/8375/8376 3.17 System Bus Registers Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface 4096 kbps SBI Mode OFFSET[9:4] OFFSET[3] TSYNC Time Slot Group 000000 0 0 A 000000 1 0 B 000001 0 1 A 000001 1 1 B | | | | 011110 0 30 A 011110 1 30 B 011111 0 31 A 011111 1 31 B OFFSET[9:5] OFFSET[4:3] TSYNC Time Slot Group 00000 00 0 A 00000 01 0 B 00000 10 0 C 00000 11 0 D 00001 00 1 A 00001 01 1 B 00001 10 1 C 00001 11 1 D | | | | 11110 00 30 A 11110 01 30 B 11110 10 30 C 11110 11 30 D 11111 00 31 A 11111 01 31 B 11111 10 31 C 11111 11 31 D 8192 kbps SBI Mode NOTE(S): Offsets outside the TSB timebase range result in no pulses on TFSYNC and TMSYNC outputs. 3-120 Conexant N8370DSE Bt8370/8375/8376 3.17 System Bus Registers Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface 0D7—Receive Signaling Configuration (RSIG_CR) 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 — SET_RSIG SET_SIG UNICODE DEBOUNCE FRZ_OFF FRZ_ON THRU SET_RSIG Force RSIG Interrupt—Allows the processor to receive an interrupt on RSIG [addr 008] at every multiframe boundary. Applicable only to T1 mode. Overrides STACK interrupt. 0 = RSIG interrupt on signaling STACK change 1 = RSIG interrupts on T1 multiframe boundary SET_SIG Overwrite Robbed-Bit Signaling—Applicable only during T1 mode and function dependent on RIDLE. When RIDLE is inactive, SET_SIG forces receive robbed-bit signaling to one before updating the RSLIP time slot value. Bit 8 of each time slot received during signaling frames 6, 12, 18, and 24 is replaced with a 1. This function is particularly useful in cross-connect and exchange systems that strip robbed-bit signaling, or in systems that use different signaling frame alignment on inbound and outbound ports. 0 = no change to receive signaling 1 = replace robbed-bit signaling UNICODE Inband Signaling Freeze (applicable to T1 modes only)—If UNICODE is enabled, received ABCD signaling on all channels is searched on a per-channel basis for the 4-bit UNICODE pattern. UNICODE pattern detection inhibits STACK and RSIG buffer updates for that channel as long as UNICODE is present, but does not affect SIGFRZ output. It is not reported to the processor. This function is described in Bellcore TR-TSY-000303, Section 4.4.9, Revision 2, July 1989. 0 = no effect 1 = enable UNICODE detection and per-channel signaling freeze DEBOUNCE Debounce Receive ABCD Signaling—Applicable only to those channels where the signaling stack is enabled (SIG_STK; addr 180–19F). The signaling buffer (RSIG) output updates for these channels are evaluated after D-bit signaling is received. New signaling is placed into RSIG and STACK buffers only if the RSIG input and output values differ. The DEBOUNCE function filters single bit errors in ABCD signaling by comparing incoming bits, buffered bits from the previous multiframe, and output bits on a bit-by-bit basis. A signaling error is detected if the new input signaling and current output signaling are the same but differ from the current buffered signaling. When this occurs, the current buffered signaling is rejected, and the output signaling does not change. Therefore, output signaling is updated only when the current buffered signaling and the input signaling are equal. At the end of each multiframe, the entire input ABCD value is copied to the output ABCD value. 0 = no effect 1 = debounce receive ABCD signaling N8370DSE Conexant 3-121 Bt8370/8375/8376 3.17 System Bus Registers Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface Signaling State During Current Multiframe Signaling State Updated at the End of Current Multiframe New Input Signaling Bit Buffered Input Signaling Bit from Previous Multiframe (RSIGn[3:0]) Buffered Output Signaling Bit (RSIGn[7:4]) Buffered Input Signaling Bit is Updated from Input Signaling Bit (RSIGn[3:0]) Buffered Output Signaling Bit (RSIGn[7:4]) 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 Change Output 0 1 0 0 0 Debounce 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 Change Output 1 0 1 1 1 Debounce Notes NOTE(S): Non-Debounced signaling always transfers buffered ABCD input to buffered ABCD output coincident with the D-bit update. FRZ_OFF/FRZ_ON Manual Signaling Update and SIGFRZ Output—Allows the processor to manually control updates of the receive signaling buffer [RSIGn; addr 1A0–1BF], the signaling stack [addr 0DA], and the SIGFRZ output pin. FRZ_ON and FRZ_OFF control the SIGFRZ pin’s output state, but do not affect normal operations of the SIGFRZ interrupt [ISR7; addr 004]. The receive ABCD input signaling is placed into the STACK and RSIG buffers according to the modes shown below. Stack updates are individually enabled on a per-channel basis according to SIG_STK [addr 180–19F]. SIGFRZ THRU 3-122 FRZ_ON FRZ_OFF SIG_STK Interrupt Pin STACK RSIGn 0 0 0 0 0 No update All ABCD 0 0 X 1 1 No update No update 0 0 1 0 0 ABCD Changes All ABCD X 1 0 X 0 No Update All ABCD X 1 1 X 0 ABCD Changes All ABCD 1 0 X X 1 No update No Update Enable Transparent Robbed-Bit Signaling—RMSYNC is forced to align with respect to RX timebase and follow each change of receiver's multiframe alignment, plus any frame offset caused by RSLIP buffer delay. In this manner, RMSYNC is able to retain its signaling multiframe alignment with respect to RPCMO output data frames. THRU mode is required when RSLIP is configured in Bypass mode. It is also useful for ADPCM transcoder systems that utilize robbed-bit signaling during frames other than normal (modulo 6) signaling frames, and therefore cannot utilize RPCMO signaling reinsertion in ADPCM coded channels. During THRU mode, RMSYNC must be programmed as an output [PIO; addr 018]. RMSYNC can follow a change of RX multiframe alignment without generating an alarm indication (e.g., receiver change of SF alignment without accompanying loss of basic frame alignment). 0 = no effect 1 = transparent robbed-bit signaling Conexant N8370DSE Bt8370/8375/8376 3.17 System Bus Registers Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface 0D8—Signaling Reinsertion Frame Offset (RSYNC_FRM) 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 — — — OFFSET[14] OFFSET[13] OFFSET[12] OFFSET[11] OFFSET[10] OFFSET[14:10] RSB Sync Frame Offset—Selects which RSB frame number coincides with an RMSYNC pulse in the range of frame 0–23. OFFSET specifies the frame in which RMSYNC is applied as an input, or in which RMSYNC appears as an output—consequently locating RPCMO signaling frames used for T1 robbed-bit (frames 6,12,18, and 24), or E1 CAS signaling reinsertion. The only RPCMO channels affected are those with signaling insertion enabled [INSERT; addr 0E0–0FF]. T1/E1N OFFSET[14:10] RMSYNC Pulse 0 X0000 RSB Frame 0 0 X0001 RSB Frame 1 | | | 0 X1110 RSB Frame 14 0 X1111 RSB Frame 15 1 00000 RSB Frame 1 1 00001 RSB Frame 2 | | | 1 10110 RSB Frame 23 1 10111 RSB Frame 24 0D9—Slip Buffer Status (SSTAT) SSTAT[7:0] is updated at the start of each respective receive/transmit internal frame boundary (i.e., 125 µs interval). Each bit in SSTAT is latched upon event detection and held until cleared by a processor read. 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 TSDIR TFSLIP TUSLIP — RSDIR RFSLIP RUSLIP — TSDIR N8370DSE Transmit Slip Direction—TSDIR is updated each time a TSLIP error is latched in TFSLIP, and TSDIR indicates which direction the slip occurred. 0 = TSLIP error deleted 1 frame on TX data output 1 = TSLIP error repeated 1 frame on TX data output Conexant 3-123 Bt8370/8375/8376 3.17 System Bus Registers TFSLIP Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface Controlled TSLIP Event—TUSLIP and TFSLIP event status are latched active-high when transmit slip error is detected. Either event reports a TSLIP error in ISR5 [addr 006]. Active-high hold interval is defined by LATCH_ERR [addr 046]. Two types of errors are detected: FSLIP = Controlled ±frame slip on TX data output. FSLIP affects transmit time slot data, but does not change the transmit timebase or frame alignment. 2. USLIP = Uncontrolled ±1 to ±256 bit slip on TX data. USLIP affects both time slot data and frame alignment. TUSLIP and TFSLIP status depends on the transmit system bus configuration [TSB_CR; addr 0D4]. 1. TSBI Mode TUSLIP TFSLIP TSLIP Event Normal 0 0 none 0 1 FSLIP 1 0 USLIP 1 1(1) Both FSLIP and USLIP 0 0 none 0 1 FSLIP 1 0 USLIP Elastic 0 N/A none 1 N/A USLIP Bypass N/A N/A — Short NOTE(S): (1) Most recent slip error direction is reported in TSDIR. 2. TFSLIP not applicable (read zero value) if TSLIP bypassed or configured as elastic store. TUSLIP not applicable if TSLIP bypassed. In Short-Delay mode, if the bus clock is faster than the receive clock, the system bus resynchronizes and USLIP is be reported. If the receive clock is faster, RSLIP reverts to Normal mode and reports FSLIP errors. TUSLIP Uncontrolled TSLIP Event—See TFSLIP description. RSDIR Receive Slip Direction—RSDIR is updated each time an RSLIP error is latched in RFSLIP or RUSLIP, and indicates which direction the slip occurred. 0 = RSLIP error deleted 1 frame on RPCMO or SBI resync detected 1 = RSLIP error repeated 1 frame on RPCMO or SBI time slot reassigned 3-124 Conexant N8370DSE Bt8370/8375/8376 3.17 System Bus Registers Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface RFSLIP Controlled RSLIP Event—RUSLIP and RFSLIP event status are latched active-high when receive slip error is detected. Either event reports RSLIP error in ISR5 [addr 006]. Active-high hold interval is defined by LATCH_ERR [addr 046]. Two types of errors are detected: FSLIP = Controlled ±1 frame slip on RPCMO data output. FSLIP affects RPCMO, but does not change the alignment of system bus RFSYNC or RMSYNC signals. 2. USLIP = Uncontrolled ±1 to ±256 bit slip on RPCMO. USLIP affects both system bus data and sync outputs. RUSLIP and RFSLIP status depends on the receive system bus configuration [RSB_CR; addr 0D1]. 1. RSBI Mode RUSLIP RFSLIP RSLIP Event Normal 0 0 none 0 1 FSLIP Most recent slip error direction is reported in RSDIR. 1 0 USLIP An uncontrolled slip can occur in Normal mode due to a resync of the SBI or, in T1 rate converted applications, the active time slots are reassigned. The former sets RSDIR = 0; the latter sets RSDIR = 1. 0 0 none 0 1 FSLIP — 1 0 USLIP In Short-Delay mode, if the bus clock is faster than receive clock, the system bus resynchronizes and USLIP is reported. If the receive clock is faster, RSLIP reverts to Normal mode and reports FSLIP errors. 0 0 none 1 0 USLIP RFSLIP is not applicable (read zero value) while the RSLIP buffer is bypassed or configured as elastic store. FSLIP or USLIP errors reported upon Bypass mode initialization should be ignored. — — — — Short Elastic Bypass RUSLIP N8370DSE Notes — — — Uncontrolled RSLIP Event—See RFSLIP description. Conexant 3-125 Bt8370/8375/8376 3.17 System Bus Registers Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface 0DA—Receive Signaling Stack (STACK) STACK contains new signaling information from those channels with SIG_STK [addr 180–19F] enabled. STACK allows the processor to monitor only changed ABCD signaling values from the selected channels. RSIG interrupt [addr 008] is triggered at the end of any multiframe where one or more ABCD signaling values have changed. The processor reads the STACK address twice to retrieve the channel number (Word 0) and to retrieve the new ABCD value (Word 1). The processor continues to read from STACK until empty. An empty Stack is indicated when either MORE = 0 in Word 1 or no Word 1 exists (the last two STACK reads are Word 0). Internal STACK read/write pointers are initialized by RESET [addr 001]. STACK contents are updated for each channel in which the stack is enabled [SIG_STK; addr 180–19F]. STACK contents are updated with new output signaling if the buffered RSIGn input and output ABCD signaling values differ. STACK is evaluated on a channel-by-channel basis after the D-bit is updated. The processor must poll the RSIG interrupt to determine when STACK has new information. Word 0: Channel Number (first read) 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 WORD MORE — CH[4] CH[3] CH[2] CH[1] CH[0] WORD Stack Word ID (always 0 in Word 0) MORE More Stack Contents (always 1 in Word 0) CH[4:0] Channel Number (E1 range 0–31; T1 range 1–24) Word 1: New Signaling Value (second read) 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 WORD MORE — — SIG_BITA SIG_BITB SIG_BITC SIG_BITD WORD Stack Word ID (always 1 in Word 1) WORD MORE MPU Response 0 0 First word, get channel 0 1 Never used 1 0 No change or last change, stop 1 1 New signaling, keep reading MORE More Stack Contents equals 1 if more available. SIG_BITA–D Signaling Bit A–D—Processor reads new ABCD signaling value from this location. The ABCD value is also present in RSIGn (addr 1A0–1BF) output signaling buffer, so the processor need not store a local copy of each channel’s signaling status. 3-126 Conexant N8370DSE Bt8370/8375/8376 3.17 System Bus Registers Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface 0DB—RSLIP Phase Status (RPHASE) 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 RDELAY[5] RDELAY[4] RDELAY[3] RDELAY[2] RDELAY[1] RDELAY[0] RSLIP_WR RSLIP_RD RDELAY[5:0] RSLIP Buffer Delay—The difference between the RX and RSB timebase in time slot intervals, reported once per frame, coincident with RFRAME interrupt [ISR3; addr 008]. Actual delay may vary significantly, depending on which time slots are assigned. 000000 = RX to RSB delay in the range of 0–7 bits | 111111 = RX to RSB delay in the range of 504–511 bits RSLIP_RD Active Receiver Slip Buffer Half—Indicates which half of the receive slip buffer is currently receiving data from the receiver (0 = RSLIP_LO, 1 = RSLIP_HI). The processor can read data from the opposite buffer half. RSLIP_WR Active RSB Slip Buffer Half—Indicates which half of the receive slip buffer is currently supplying data to the Receive System Bus (0 = RSLIP_LO, 1 = RSLIP_HI). The processor can write data to the opposite buffer half. 0DC—TSLIP Phase Status (TPHASE) 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 TDELAY[5] TDELAY[4] TDELAY[3] TDELAY[2] TDELAY[1] TDELAY[0] TSLIP_WR TSLIP_RD TDELAY[5:0] TSLIP Buffer Delay—The difference between the TSB and TX timebase in time slot intervals, reported once per frame, coincident with the TFRAME interrupt [ISR3; addr 008]. The actual delay may vary significantly, depending on which time slots are assigned. 000000 = TSB to TX delay in the range of 0–7 bits | 111111 = TSB to TX delay in the range of 496–503 bits TSLIP_WR Active Transmitter Slip Buffer Half—Indicates which half of the transmit slip buffer is currently supplying data to the transmitter (0 = TSLIP_LO, 1 = TSLIP_HI). The processor can write data to the opposite buffer half. TSLIP_RD Active TSB Slip Buffer Half—Indicates which half of the transmit slip buffer is currently receiving data from the Transmit System Bus (0 = TSLIP_LO, 1 = TSLIP_HI). The processor can read data from the opposite buffer half. N8370DSE Conexant 3-127 Bt8370/8375/8376 3.17 System Bus Registers Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface 0DD—RAM Parity Status (PERR) All Bt8370/8375/8376 system bus data, signaling, and controls are transferred through a set of internal RAMs with parity error detection capabilities. Any parity error detected during RAM access is reported in PERR. Each error event is latched active-high and held until the processor read clears PERR. Parity errors are indicative of system clock glitches (REFCKI, TSBCKI, or RSBCKI), a failing or excessively noisy power supply, or general circuit failure. 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 — — — — — PERR_TPC PERR_RPC PERR_SBC PERR_TPC TPC (Transmit) RAM Parity Error PERR_RPC RPC (Receive) RAM Parity Error PERR_SBC SBC (Control) RAM Parity Error 0E0–0FF—System Bus Per-Channel Control (SBCn; n = 0 to 31) 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 — INSERT SIG_LP RLOOP RINDO TINDO TSIG_AB ASSIGN INSERT Insert RX Signaling on RPCMO—Enables per-channel signaling insertion on RPCMO output, where ABCD signaling is supplied by RLOCAL signaling (RPCn; addr 180–19F) or buffered signaling [RSIGn; addr 1A0–IBF]. INSERT is a lower priority than no signaling (SIG_OFF; addr 0D1). RSB signaling frame locations are specified by RMSYNC signal in conjunction with the programmed frame offset [OFFSET; addr 0D8]. SIG_OFF INSERT RLOCAL RPCMO Inserted Signal 1 X X None 0 1 0 ABCD from RSIGn output buffer 0 1 1 ABCD from RPCn local buffer SIG_LP Local Signaling Loopback—Instructs the receiver output signaling on RSIGO to be supplied from TSIGn buffer contents. Signaling in RPCMO (T1-robbed bit or E1-CAS) is not affected. 0 = normal 1 = local signaling loopback RLOOP Local Loopback—RPCMO output data supplied from TSLIP buffer contents. 0 = normal 1 = local loopback RINDO Activate RINDO Time Slot Indicator—Receive system bus time slots are individually marked (active-high for 8 bits) by RINDO. SBI_OE (addr 0D0) overrides RINDO. 0 = RINDO signal inactive (low) 1 = RINDO signal active (high) TINDO Activate TINDO Time Slot Indicator—Transmit system bus time slots are individually marked (active-high for 8 bits) by TINDO. 0 = TINDO inactive 1 = TINDO active 3-128 Conexant N8370DSE Bt8370/8375/8376 3.17 System Bus Registers Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface TSIG_AB TSIG_AB—AB Signaling. In T1 mode, only AB signaling bits are updated from TSIGI to the TSIGn buffer. If SIGFRZ is active, the output CD signaling bits are copied from the buffered output AB bits, respectively. In E1 mode, setting TSIG_AB forces C = 0 and D = 1 when updating the TSIGn buffer. 0 = ABCD Signaling 1 = AB Signaling ASSIGN Assign System Bus Time Slot—During T1 line applications where the system bus group consists of 32 time slots, or a multiple of 32, any 24 out of 32 time slots can be assigned. The only time SBC [1:24] must be assigned is during 1536K or 1544K bus modes. The number of assigned system bus time slots must equal the number of line time slots; therefore, ASSIGN must be active in all 32 SBCn locations during E1 modes. The receiver does not update unassigned time slots as it fills the RSLIP buffer. T1 time slots are filled sequentially from RSLIP 1 to 24. Time slots 0 and 25 to 31 are reserved for unassigned values. Values are read from either assigned or unassigned locations in a sequential fashion based on the ASSIGN bit. System bus output data for unassigned time slots is taken from the RSLIP buffer, which the processor can fill with any desired 16-bit fixed value (8 bits in RSLIP_LO, plus 8 bits in RSLIP_HI). 0 = unassigned system bus time slot 1 = assigned system bus time slot 100–11F—Transmit Per-Channel Control (TPCn; n = 0 to 31) 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 TB7ZS/EMFBIT TLOOP TIDLE TLOCAL TSIGA/TSIGO TSIGB/RSIGO TSIGC TSIGD TB7ZS/EMFBIT N8370DSE Bit 7 Zero Code Substitution/Embedded F-bit Value (Applicable in T1 mode only)—For assigned system bus time slots [ASSIGN; addr 0E0-0FF], TB7ZS replaces bit 7 of the time slot with a one if examination of 8-bit output detects all zeros. For an unassigned time slot where TIDLE is active, EMFBIT replaces all embedded F-bit outputs with the programmed EMFBIT value. 0 = no effect or force embedded F-bit (low) 1 = enable B7ZS or force embedded F-bit (high) Conexant 3-129 Bt8370/8375/8376 3.17 System Bus Registers Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface Remote DS0 Channel Loopback—Transmits data supplied from RSLIP buffer contents. TLOOP works in conjunction with other TPCn control bits to select the source of transmitted data and signaling (see Table 3-23). TLOOP Table 3-23. Remote DS0 Channel Loopback TLOOP TIDLE TLOCAL TSIGO RSIGO Sig Source Data Source Channel Mode 0 0 0 0 0 None TPCMI Clear Channel 0 0 0 0 1 RSIGn TPCMI Rx Signaling 0 0 0 1 0 TSIGn TPCMI Tx Signaling 0 0 1 X X TSIGA–D TPCMI Local Signaling 0 1 0 0 0 None TSLIP_LO Idle Code 0 1 0 0 1 RSIGn TSLIP_LO Idle Code Rx Signaling 0 1 0 1 0 TSIGn TSLIP_LO Idle Code Tx Signaling 0 1 1 X X TSIGA–D TSLIP_LO Idle Code Local Signaling 1 X 0 0 0 None RXDATA Remote Loop 1 X 0 0 1 RSIGn RXDATA Remote Loop Rx Signaling 1 X 0 1 0 TSIGn RXDATA Remote Loop Tx Signaling 1 X 1 X X TSIGA–D RXDATA Remote Loop Local Signaling NOTE(S): If RX Signaling, RSIGn output buffer supplies transmit signaling. TIDLE Transmit Idle—Transmit data supplied from TSLIP_LO buffer contents. The processor writes an 8-bit idle pattern to TSLIP_LO for output on the selected time slot, or optionally writes real-time data output to TSLIP_LO after each TFRAME interrupt [ISR3; addr 008]. Only TSLIP_HI buffer is updated from TPCMI to allow continued local DS0 channel loopback. 0 = normal data output 1 = transmit idle data output TLOCAL Transmit Local Signaling—When active, TLOCAL transmits TSIGA–TSIGD values in output ABCD signaling bits. 0 = TSIGO or RSIGO control output signaling 1 = transmit signaling from TSIGA–TSIGD In E1, when it is attempted to merge signaling embedded in the TPCMI datastream with signaling inserting by TLOCAL [TPCn; addr 100-11F], the signaling inserted by TLOCAL appears two time slots early with TX_ALIGN bit set in [TSB_CR; addr 0D4]. Therefore, signaling intended for TS1 would instead be inserted into TS31. TX_ALIGN needs to be set. This offset does not occur during local signaling insertion for all 32 time slots. In T1, transmitting local signaling should be synchronized with Transmit Multiframe interrupt [TMF_IER3; addr 010]. This would avoid transmitting intermediate values. TSIGA–TSIGD Transmit Local Signaling—Holds the 4-bit ABCD signaling value, which is output when TLOCAL is active. In AB only applications, such as T1/SF framing, TSIGC and TSIGD must also be written with the same data as TSIGA and TSIGB. In E1 modes, TS0 and TS16 local signaling value determines CAS multiframe alignment signal (MAS) and XYXX output. 3-130 Conexant N8370DSE Bt8370/8375/8376 3.17 System Bus Registers Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface TSIGO Transmit Signaling Output—Applicable only if TLOCAL is inactive. ABCD signaling from TSIGn buffer is transmitted. 0 = no effect 1 = transmit signaling from TSIGn buffer RSIGO Receive Signaling Output—Applicable only if TLOCAL is inactive. Forces transmit ABCD signaling to be supplied from RSIGn buffer, affecting a remote signaling loopback. 0 = no effect 1 = transmit signaling from RSIGn buffer 120–13F—Transmit Signaling Buffer (TSIGn; n = 0 to 31) Transmit signaling from the TSIGI pin is automatically placed into the TSIGn buffer. The processor controls TSIGn insertion into the transmitter output by selecting TSIGO [in TPCn]. The processor can monitor TSIGn from system supplied signaling or use TSIGn for inter-processor communication. During E1 modes, TSIG0 and TSIG16 buffer locations hold the CAS multiframe alignment signal (MAS.1 through MAS.4), extra bits (X.1 through X.4), and multiframe Yellow Alarm (MYEL) bits supplied from TSIGI. 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 — — — — TSIGn[3] TSIGn[2] TSIGn[1] TSIGn[0] TSIG0 (E1) N8370DSE TSIG16 (E1 mode) TSIGn.3 Input Signaling A Bit MAS.1 X.1 TSIGn.2 Input Signaling B Bit MAS.2 MYEL TSIGn.1 Input Signaling C Bit MAS.3 X.3 TSIGn.0 Input Signaling D Bit MAS.4 X.4 Conexant 3-131 Bt8370/8375/8376 3.17 System Bus Registers Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface 140–15F—Transmit PCM Slip Buffer (TSLIP_LOn; n = 0 to 31) 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 TPCM[1] TPCM[2] TPCM[3] TPCM[4] TPCM[5] TPCM[6] TPCM[7] TPCM[8] TPCM[1] First bit TPCM[2] Second bit TPCM[3] Third bit TPCM[4] Fourth bit TPCM[5] Fifth bit TPCM[6] Sixth bit TPCM[7] Seventh bit TPCM[8] Eighth bit received on TPCMI 160–17F—Transmit PCM Slip Buffer (TSLIP_HIn; n = 0 to 31) 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 TPCM[1] TPCM[2] TPCM[3] TPCM[4] TPCM[5] TPCM[6] TPCM[7] TPCM[8] TPCM[1] First bit TPCM[2] Second bit TPCM[3] Third bit TPCM[4] Fourth bit TPCM[5] Fifth bit TPCM[6] Sixth bit TPCM[7] Seventh bit TPCM[8] Eighth bit received on TPCMI 3-132 Conexant N8370DSE Bt8370/8375/8376 3.17 System Bus Registers Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface 180–19F—Receive Per-Channel Control (RPCn; n = 0 to 31) 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 RSIG_AB/ EMFBIT RIDLE SIG_STK RLOCAL RSIGA RSIGB RSIGC RSIGD RSIG_AB/EMFBIT AB Signaling (Per-Channel RSIG_AB [without DEBOUNCE])—In E1 mode, received signaling is placed into RSIGn, but RSIGO output duplicates the buffered AB bit value in the CD output bits, thus sending ABAB on RSIGO instead of ABCD. In T1 mode, RSIG_AB instructs the receiver to use the available RSIGn buffer space to meet PUB43801 and TR-170—which require three SF multiframes of receive signaling buffer storage before output. Every 24 frames, the received ABCD signaling value is transferred from the RSIGn input buffer space to the RSIGn output buffer space, regardless of whether the receiver operates in SF, SLC, or ESF mode. In SF mode, the ABCD value contains AB = AB(N–1), and CD = AB(N) from two multiframes. Since multiframe N–1 is the older sample, AB(N–1) replaces AB(N) in the event of signaling freeze. RSIGO and RPCMO signaling bit output values are always taken from RSIGn output buffer according to RSB frame number. 0 = normal ABCD and embedded F-bit throughput 1 = AB signaling and embedded F-bit replacement AB Signaling (Per-Channel RSIG_AB [with DEBOUNCE])—Debounce affects RSIGn input buffer update mechanism by comparing—on a bit-by-bit basis—the present received input signaling bit value with the current buffered signaling bit values from two prior multiframes. If signaling from prior multiframe (N) differs from input and input equals buffered value from two multiframes prior (N–1), the signaling bit value from multiframe N is inverted when the input buffer is updated. Sig Input Buffer N, N-1 Update N, N-1 Notes 0 00 00 — 0 01 00 Change Update 0 10 00 Debounce 0 11 01 — 1 00 10 — 1 01 11 Debounce 1 10 11 Change Update 1 11 11 — When RIDLE is active in an unassigned time slot defined to carry embedded F-bits, EMFBIT replaces all embedded F-bit outputs on RPCMO with the programmed value. RIDLE Time Slot Idle—When RIDLE is active, the incoming RX time slot data is only updated in RSLIP_HIn buffer, and the RSB time slot data output is only extracted from RSLIP_LOn buffer. Thus, the processor can write an 8-bit idle code pattern in RSLIP_LOn buffer for output during RSB time slot. 0 = no effect 1 = RSB time slot replaced by contents of RSLIP_LOn SIG_STK Receive Signaling Stack—Selects whether changes detected in the ABCD signaling value are reported in the signaling stack [addr 0DA]. Signaling for all time slots is continuously updated in RSIGn buffer, regardless of the SIG_STK setting. 0 = no effect 1 = signaling stack N8370DSE Conexant 3-133 Bt8370/8375/8376 3.17 System Bus Registers Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface RLOCAL Enable Local Signaling Output—Determines whether the RSIGO output signaling and RPCMO inserted signaling [INSERT; addr 0E0-0FF] are supplied from the RSIGn output buffer or processor-supplied local signaling from RSIGA–RSIGD. 0 = RSIGn buffer signaling 1 = RSIGA-RSIGD local signaling RSIGA–RSIGD Local Receive Signaling—When RLOCAL is active, these four bits are inserted into RSIGO instead of the buffered signaling from RSIGn. If both RLOCAL and INSERT are active, they are also inserted into RPCMO during system bus signaling frames. 0 = output signaling bit equals 0 1 = output signaling bit equals 1 1A0–1BF—Receive Signaling Buffer (RSIGn; n = 0 to 31) The Receive Signaling Buffer (RSIGn) contains all ABCD signaling inputs from all channels, regardless of whether signaling is active [SIG_STK; addr 180–19F]. RSIGn is not updated during signaling freeze conditions, or when the receive framer is configured in a non-signaling mode. Normal signaling buffer operation transfers ABCD input to ABCD output, coincident with the D-bit update (in T1 mode), or coincident with the receipt of the respective channel's ABCD signaling during TS16 (in E1 mode). When DEBOUNCE is active, output signaling for active channels is updated coincident with the sampling of each input signaling bit. This may cause the buffered output value to transition in the middle of the received multiframe. 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 RSIGn[7] RSIGn[6] RSIGn[5] RSIGn[4] RSIGn[3] RSIGn[2] RSIGn[1] RSIGn[0] RSIGn[7] Output Signaling A Bit RSIGn[6] Output Signaling B Bit RSIGn[5] Output Signaling C Bit RSIGn[4] Output Signaling D Bit RSIG0 (E1) RSIG16 (E1 Mode) RSIGn[3] Input Signaling A Bit MAS.1 X.1 RSIGn[2] Input Signaling B Bit MAS.2 MYEL RSIGn[1] Input Signaling C Bit MAS.3 X.3 RSIGn[0] Input Signaling D Bit MAS.4 X.4 3-134 Conexant N8370DSE Bt8370/8375/8376 3.17 System Bus Registers Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface 1C0–1DF—Receive PCM Slip Buffer (RSLIP_LOn; n = 0 to 31) 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 RPCM[1] RPCM[2] RPCM[3] RPCM[4] RPCM[5] RPCM[6] RPCM[7] RPCM[8] RPCM[1] First bit RPCM[2] Second bit RPCM[3] Third bit RPCM[4] Fourth bit RPCM[5] Fifth bit RPCM[6] Sixth bit RPCM[7] Seventh bit RPCM[8] Eighth bit received from receiver 1E0–1FF—Receive PCM Slip Buffer (RSLIP_HIn; n = 0 to 31) 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 RPCM[1] RPCM[2] RPCM[3] RPCM[4] RPCM[5] RPCM[6] RPCM[7] RPCM[8] RPCM[1] First bit RPCM[2] Second bit RPCM[3] Third bit RPCM[4] Fourth bit RPCM[5] Fifth bit RPCM[6] Sixth bit RPCM[7] Seventh bit RPCM[8] Eighth bit received from receiver N8370DSE Conexant 3-135 3.18 Register Summary 3-136 3 3.18 Register Summary Table 3-24. Global Control and Status Registers ADDR (hex) Register Label Read Write 000 DID 001 002 Bit Number 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 R DID[7] DID[6] DID[5] DID[4] DID[3] DID[2] DID[1] DID[0] CR0 R/W RESET — — RFRAME[3] RFRAME[2] RFRAME[1] RFRAME[0] T1/E1N JAT_CR R/W JEN JFREE JDIR JAUTO JCENTER JSIZE[2] JSIZE[1] JSIZE[0] Conexant Table 3-25. Interrupt Request Register Register Label Read Write 003 IRR R Bit Number 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 ALARM1 ALARM2 ERROR COUNT TIMER DL1 DL2 PATT Bt8370/8375/8376 N8370DSE Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface ADDR (hex) Register Label Read Write 004 ISR7 005 Bit Number 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 R RMYEL RYEL RPDV RAIS RALOS RLOS RLOF SIGFRZ ISR6 R LOOPDN LOOPUP TPDV TSHORT TLOC — TLOF ONESEC 006 ISR5 R TSLIP RSLIP CKERR JERR CERR SERR MERR FERR 007 ISR4 R FRED[4] COFA[2] SEF[2] BERR[12] FEBE[10] LCV[16] CRC[10] FERR[12] 008 ISR3 R TSIG TMSYNC TMF TFRAME RSIG RMSYNC RMF RFRAME 009 ISR2 R TBOP RFULL1 RNEAR1 RMSG1 TDLERR1 TEMPTY1 TNEAR1 TMSG1 00A ISR1 R RBOP RFULL2 RNEAR2 RMSG2 TDLERR2 TEMPTY2 TNEAR2 TMSG2 00B ISR0 R — — BSLIP PSYNC TCERR TSERR TMERR TFERR Conexant Table 3-27. Interrupt Enable Registers ADDR (hex) Register Label Read Write 00C IER7 00D Bit Number 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 R/W RMYEL RYEL RPDV RAIS RALOS RLOS RLOF SIGFRZ IER6 R/W LOOPDN LOOPUP TPDV TSHORT TLOC — TLOF ONESEC 00E IER5 R/W TSLIP RSLIP CKERR JERR CERR SERR MERR FERR 00F IER4 R/W LOF COFA SEF BERR FEBE LCV CRC FERR 010 IER3 R/W TSIG TMSYNC TMF TFRAME RSIG RMSYNC RMF RFRAME 011 IER2 R/W TBOP RFULL1 RNEAR1 RMSG1 TDLERR1 TEMPTY1 TNEAR1 TMSG1 012 IER1 R/W RBOP RFULL2 RNEAR2 RMSG2 RDLERR2 TEMPTY2 TNEAR2 TMSG2 013 IER0 R/W — — BSLIP PSYNC TCERR TSERR TMERR TFERR 3-137 3.18 Register Summary 7 Bt8370/8375/8376 ADDR (hex) Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface N8370DSE Table 3-26. Interrupt Status Registers ADDR (hex) Register Label Read Write 014 LOOP 015 Bit Number Conexant 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 R/W — — — — PLOOP LLOOP FLOOP ALOOP DL3_TS R/W DL3EN FS[1] FS[0] TS[4] TS[3] TS[2] TS[1] TS[0] 016 DL3_BIT R/W DL3_BIT[7] DL3_BIT[6] DL3_BIT[5] DL3_BIT[4] DL3_BIT[3] DL3_BIT[2] DL3_BIT[1] DL3_BIT[0] 017 FSTAT R — — — INVALID FOUND TIMEOUT ACTIVE RX/TXN 018 PIO R/W ONESEC_IO RDL_IO TDL_IO INDY_IO RFSYNC_IO RMSYNC_IO TFSYNC_IO TMSYNC_IO 019 POE R/W — — TDL_OE RDL_OE INDY_OE TCKO_OE CLADO_OE RCKO_OE 01A CMUX R/W RSBCKI[1] RSBCKI[0] TSBCKI[1] TSBCKI[0] CLADI[1] CLADI[0] TCKI[1] TCKI[0] 01B TMUX R/W — — TMUX[5] TMUX[4] TMUX[3] TMUX[2] TMUX[1] TMUX[0] 01C TEST R/W — — — — — — TEST[1] TEST[0] 3.18 Register Summary 3-138 Table 3-28. Primary Control and Status Registers Table 3-29. Receive LIU Registers (1 of 2) Bit Number Read Write 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 020 LIU_CR R/W RST_LIU SQUELCH FORCE_VGA RDIGI ATTN[1] ATTN[0] — 1 021 RSTAT R CPDERR JMPTY ZCSUB EXZ BPV — EYEOPEN PRE_EQ 022 RLIU_CR R/W FRZ_SHORT HI_CSLICE AGC[1] AGC[0] EQ_FRZ OOR_BLOCK RLB0 LONG_EYE 023 LPF R/W — LPF[6] LPF[5] LPF[4] LPF[3] LPF[2] LPF[1] LPF[0] 024 VGA_MAX R/W — — VGA_MAX[5] VGA_MAX[4] VGA_MAX[3] VGA_MAX[2] VGA_MAX[1] VGA_MAX[0] 025 EQ_DAT R/W EQ_DAT[7] EQ_DAT[6] EQ_DAT[5] EQ_DAT[4] EQ_DAT[3] EQ_DAT[2] EQ_DAT[1] EQ_DAT[0] 026 EQ_PTR R/W — — EQ_PTR[5] EQ_PTR[4] EQ_PTR[3] EQ_PTR[2] EQ_PTR[1] EQ_PTR[0] N8370DSE Bt8370/8375/8376 Register Label Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface ADDR (hex) Register Label Read Write 027 DSLICE 028 Bit Number 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 R/W DSLICE[7] DSLICE[6] DSLICE[5] DSLICE[4] DSLICE[3] DSLICE[2] DSLICE[1] DSLICE[0] EQ_OUT R/W EQOUT[7] EQOUT[6] EQOUT[5] EQOUT[4] EQOUT[3] EQOUT[2] EQOUT[1] EQOUT[0] 029 VGA R — — VGA[5] VGA[4] VGA[3] VGA[2] VGA[1] VGA[0] 02A PRE_EQ R/W FORCE ON VTHRESH[5] VTHRESH[4] VTHRESH[3] VTHRESH[2] VTHRESH[1] VTHRESH[0] 030–037 COEFF R COEFF[7] COEFF[6] COEFF[5] COEFF[4] COEFF[3] COEFF[2] COEFF[1] COEFF[0] 038–03C GAIN R/W — — — GAIN[4] GAIN[3] GAIN[2] GAIN[1] GAIN[0] Table 3-30. Receiver Registers Bit Number Conexant Register Label Read Write 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 040 RCR0 R/W RAMI RABORT RFORCE RLOFD RLOFC RLOFB RLOFA RZCS 041 RPATT R/W — — RESEED BSTART FRAMED ZLIMIT RPATT[1] RPATT[0] 042 RLB R/W — — — — DN_LEN[1] DN_LEN[0] UP_LEN[1] UP_LEN[0] 043 LBA R/W LBA[1] LBA[2] LBA[3] LBA[4] LBA[5] LBA[6] LBA[7] — 044 LBD R/W LBD[1] LBD[2] LBD[3] LBD[4] LBD[5] LBD[6] LBD[7] — 045 RALM R/W — — FS_NFAS EXZ_LCV YEL_INTEG RLOF_INTEG 0 RPCM_AIS 046 LATCH R/W — — — — STOP_CNT LATCH_CNT LATCH_ERR LATCH_ALM 047 ALM1 R RMYEL RYEL — RAIS RALOS RLOS RLOF SIGFRZ 048 ALM2 R LOOPDN LOOPUP — TSHORT TLOC — TLOF — 049 ALM3 R — RMAIS SEF SRED MRED FRED LOF[1] LOF[0] 3-139 3.18 Register Summary ADDR (hex) Bt8370/8375/8376 ADDR (hex) Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface N8370DSE Table 3-29. Receive LIU Registers (2 of 2) ADDR (hex) Register Label Read Write 050 FERR 051 Bit Number Conexant 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 R FERR[7] FERR[6] FERR[5] FERR[4] FERR[3] FERR[2] FERR[1] FERR[0] FERR R 0 0 0 0 FERR[11] FERR[10] FERR[9] FERR[8] 052 CERR R CERR[7] CERR[6] CERR[5] CERR[4] CERR[3] CERR[2] CERR[1] CERR[0] 053 CERR R 0 0 0 0 0 0 CERR[9] CERR[8] 054 LCV R LCV[7] LCV[6] LCV[5] LCV[4] LCV[3] LCV[2] LCV[1] LCV[0] 055 LCV R LCV[15] LCV[14] LCV[13] LCV[12] LCV[11] LCV[10] LCV[9] LCV[8] 056 FEBE R FEBE[7] FEBE[6] FEBE[5] FEBE[4] FEBE[3] FEBE[2] FEBE[1] FEBE[0] 057 FEBE R 0 0 0 0 0 0 FEBE[9] FEBE[8] 058 BERR R BERR[7] BERR[6] BERR[5] BERR[4] BERR[3] BERR[2] BERR[1] BERR[0] 059 BERR R 0 0 0 0 BERR[11] BERR[10] BERR[9] BERR[8] 05A AERR R FRED[3] FRED[2] FRED[1] FRED[0] COFA[1] COFA[0] SEF[1] SEF[0] Bit Number Register Label Read Write 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 05B RSA4 R RSA4[7] RSA4[6] RSA4[5] RSA4[4] RSA4[3] RSA4[2] RSA4[1] RSA4[0] 05C RSA5 R RSA5[7] RSA5[6] RSA5[5] RSA5[4] RSA5[3] RSA5[2] RSA5[1] RSA5[0] 05D RSA6 R RSA6[7] RSA6[6] RSA6[5] RSA6[4] RSA6[3] RSA6[2] RSA6[1] RSA6[0] 05E RSA7 R RSA7[7] RSA7[6] RSA7[5] RSA7[4] RSA7[3] RSA7[2] RSA7[1] RSA7[0] 05F RSA8 R RSA8[7] RSA8[6] RSA8[5] RSA8[4] RSA8[3] RSA8[2] RSA8[1] RSA8[0] N8370DSE Bt8370/8375/8376 ADDR (hex) Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface Table 3-32. Receive Sa-Byte Buffers 3.18 Register Summary 3-140 Table 3-31. Performance Monitoring Registers Register Label Read Write 060–067 SHAPE 068 TLIU_CR Bit Number 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 R/W — — SHAPE[5] SHAPE[4] SHAPE[3] SHAPE[2] SHAPE[1] SHAPE[0] R/W TURNS TERM LBO[1] LBO[0] PULSE[2] PULSE[1] PULSE[0] AISCLK Table 3-34. Transmitter Registers ADDR (hex) Register Label Read Write 070 TCR0 071 Bit Number Conexant 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 R/W — — — — TFRAME[3] TFRAME[2] TFRAME[1] TFRAME[0] TCR1 R/W TNRZ TABORT TFORCE TLOFC TLOFB TLOFA TZCS[1] TZCS[0] 072 TFRM R/W — — INS_MYEL INS_YEL INS_MF INS_FE INS_CRC INS_FBIT 073 TERROR R/W TSERR TMERR TBERR BSLIP TCOFA TCERR TFERR TVERR 074 TMAN R/W INS_SA[8] INS_SA[7] INS_SA[6] INS_SA[5] INS_SA[4] FEBE_II FEBE_I TFEBE 075 TALM R/W — — AUTO_MYEL AUTO_YEL AUTO_AIS TMYEL TYEL TAIS 076 TPATT R/W — — — TPSTART FRAMED ZLIMIT TPATT[1] TPATT[0] 077 TLB R/W — — — — LB_LEN[1] LB_LEN[0] UNFRAMED LBSTART 078 LBP R/W LBP[1] LBP[2] LBP[3] LBP[4] LBP[5] LBP[6] LBP[7] — Table 3-35. Transmit Sa-Byte Buffers Register Label Read Write 07B TSA4 07C Bit Number 3-141 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 R/W TSA4[7] TSA4[6] TSA4[5] TSA4[4] TSA4[3] TSA4[2] TSA4[1] TSA4[0] TSA5 R/W TSA5[7] TSA5[6] TSA5[5] TSA5[4] TSA5[3] TSA5[2] TSA5[1] TSA5[0] 07D TSA6 R/W TSA6[7] TSA6[6] TSA6[5] TSA6[4] TSA6[3] TSA6[2] TSA6[1] TSA6[0] 07E TSA7 R/W TSA7[7] TSA7[6] TSA7[5] TSA7[4] TSA7[3] TSA7[2] TSA7[1] TSA7[0] 07F TSA8 R/W TSA8[7] TSA8[6] TSA8[5] TSA8[4] TSA8[3] TSA8[2] TSA8[1] TSA8[0] 3.18 Register Summary ADDR (hex) Bt8370/8375/8376 ADDR (hex) Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface N8370DSE Table 3-33. Transmit LIU Registers ADDR (hex) Register Label Read Write 090 CLAD_CR 091 Bit Number 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 R/W CEN XSEL[2] XSEL[1] XSEL[0] LFGAIN[3] LFGAIN[2] LFGAIN[1] LFGAIN[0] CSEL R/W VSEL[3] VSEL[2] VSEL[1] VSEL[0] OSEL[3] OSEL[2] OSEL[1] OSEL[0] 092 CPHASE R/W — RSCALE[2] RSCALE[1] RSCALE[0] — VSCALE[2] VSCALE[1] VSCALE[0] 093 CTEST R/W — — — PNSEL D20A TBUS RWINI JINIT 1 0 3.18 Register Summary 3-142 Table 3-36. CLAD Registers Table 3-37. Bit-Oriented Protocol Registers Bit Number Conexant ADDR (hex) Register Label Read Write 7 6 5 4 3 2 0A0 BOP R/W RBOP_START RBOP_INTEG RBOP_LEN[1] RBOP_LEN[0] TBOP_LEN[1] TBOP_LEN[0] 0A1 TBOP R/W — — TBOP[5] TBOP[4] TBOP[3] TBOP[2] TBOP[1] TBOP[0] 0A2 RBOP R RBOP_LOST RBOP_VALID RBOP[5] RBOP[4] RBOP[3] RBOP[2] RBOP[1] RBOP[0] 0A3 BOP_STAT R TBOP_ACTIVE RBOP_ACTIVE — — — — — — TBOP_MODE[1] TBOP_MODE[0] ADDR (hex) Register Label Read Write 0A4 DL1_TS 0A5 Bit Number 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 R/W DL1_TS[7] DL1_TS[6] DL1_TS[5] DL1_TS[4] DL1_TS[3] DL1_TS[2] DL1_TS[1] DL1_TS[0] DL1_BIT R/W DL1_BIT[7] DL1_BIT[6] DL1_BIT[5] DL1_BIT[4] DL1_BIT[3] DL1_BIT[2] DL1_BIT[1] DL1_BIT[0] 0A6 DL1_CTL R/W — — — TDL1_RPT DL1[1] DL1[0] TDL1_EN RDL1_EN 0A7 RDL1_FFC R/W MSG_FILL[1] MSG_FILL[0] FFC[5] FFC[4] FFC[3] FFC[2] FFC[1] FFC[0] EOM[1] EOM[0] RDL1_CNT[5] RDL1_CNT[4] RDL1_CNT[3] RDL1_CNT[2] RDL1_CNT[1] RDL1_CNT[0] 0A8 RDL1 R RDL1[7] RDL1[6] RDL1[5] RDL1[4] RDL1[3] RDL1[2] RDL1[1] RDL1[0] 0A9 RDL1_STAT R — — — RMSG1 RSTAT1 RMPTY1 RNEAR1 RFULL1 0AA PRM R/W AUTO_PRM PRM_CR PRM_R PRM_U1 PRM_U2 PRM_SL AUTO_SL SEND_PRM Bt8370/8375/8376 N8370DSE 7 Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface Table 3-38. Data Link Registers (1 of 2) Register Label Read Write 0AB TDL1_FEC 0AC Bit Number Conexant 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 R/W — — FEC[5] FEC[4] FEC[3] FEC[2] FEC[1] FEC[0] TDL1_EOM W — — — — — — — — 0AD TDL1 R/W TDL1[7] TDL1[6] TDL1[5] TDL1[4] TDL1[3] TDL1[2] TDL1[1] TDL1[0] 0AE TDL1_STAT R — — — — TMSG1 TMPTY1 TNEAR1 TFULL1 0AF DL2_TS R/W DL2_TS[7] DL2_TS[6] DL2_TS[5] DL2_TS[4] DL2_TS[3] DL2_TS[2] DL2_TS[1] DL2_TS[0] 0B0 DL2_BIT R/W DL2_BIT[7] DL2_BIT[6] DL2_BIT[5] DL2_BIT[4] DL2_BIT[3] DL2_BIT[2] DL2_BIT[1] DL2_BIT[0] 0B1 DL2_CTL R/W — — — TDL2_RPT DL2[1] DL2[0] TDL2_EN RDL2_EN 0B2 RDL2_FFC R/W MSG_FILL[1] MSG_FILL[0] FFC[5] FFC[4] FFC[3] FFC[2] FFC[1] FFC[0] EOM[1] EOM[0] RDL2_CNT[5] RDL2_CNT[4] RDL2_CNT[3] RDL2_CNT[2] RDL2_CNT[1] RDL2_CNT[0] 0B3 RDL2 R RDL2[7] RDL2[6] RDL2[5] RDL2[4] RDL2[3] RDL2[2] RDL2[1] RDL2[0] RDL2_STAT R — — — RMSG2 RSTAT2 RMPTY2 RNEAR2 RFULL2 0B6 TDL2_FEC R/W — — FEC[5] FEC[4] FEC[3] FEC[2] FEC[1] FEC[0] 0B7 TDL2_EOM W — — — — — — — — 0B8 TDL2 R/W TDL2[7] TDL2[6] TDL2[5] TDL2[4] TDL2[3] TDL2[2] TDL2[1] TDL2[0] 0B9 TDL2_STAT R — — — — TMSG2 TMPTY2 TNEAR2 TFULL2 0BA DL_TEST1 R/W — — — — DL_TEST1[3] DL_TEST1[2] DL_TEST1[1] DL_TEST1[0] 0BB DL_TEST2 R/W — — DL_TEST2[5] DL_TEST2[4] DL_TEST2[3] DL_TEST2[2] DL_TEST2[1] DL_TEST2[0] 0BC DL_TEST3 R/W — — DL_TEST3[5] DL_TEST3[4] DL_TEST3[3] DL_TEST3[2] DL_TEST3[1] DL_TEST3[0] 0BD DL_TEST4 R/W — DL_TEST4[6] DL_TEST4[5] DL_TEST4[4] DL_TEST4[3] DL_TEST4[2] DL_TEST4[1] DL_TEST4[0] 0BE DL_TEST5 R/W — DL_TEST5[6] DL_TEST5[5] DL_TEST5[4] DL_TEST5[3] DL_TEST5[2] DL_TEST5[1] DL_TEST5[0] 3-143 3.18 Register Summary 0B4 Bt8370/8375/8376 ADDR (hex) Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface N8370DSE Table 3-38. Data Link Registers (2 of 2) ADDR (hex) Register Label Read Write 0D0 SBI_CR 0D1 Bit Number Conexant 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 R/W X2CLK SBI_OE EMF EMBED SBI[3] SBI[2] SBI[1] SBI[0] RSB_CR R/W BUS_RSB SIG_OFF RPCM_NEG RSYN_NEG BUS_FRZ RSB_CTR RSBI[1] RSBI[0] 0D2 RSYNC_BIT R/W — — — — — OFFSET[2] OFFSET[1] OFFSET[0] 0D3 RSYNC_TS R/W — OFFSET[9] OFFSET[8] OFFSET[7] OFFSET[6] OFFSET[5] OFFSET[4] OFFSET[3] 0D4 TSB_CR R/W BUS_TSB TX_ALIGN TPCM_NEG TSYN_NEG TSB_ALIGN TSB_CTR TSBI[1] TSBI[0] 0D5 TSYNC_BIT R/W — — — — — OFFSET[2] OFFSET[1] OFFSET[0] 0D6 TSYNC_TS R/W — OFFSET[9] OFFSET[8] OFFSET[7] OFFSET[6] OFFSET[5] OFFSET[4] OFFSET[3] 0D7 RSIG_CR R/W — SET_RSIG SET_SIG UNICODE DEBOUNCE FRZ_OFF FRZ_ON THRU 0D8 RSYNC_FRM R/W — — — OFFSET[14] OFFSET[13] OFFSET[12] OFFSET[11] OFFSET[10] 0D9 SSTAT R TSDIR TFSLIP TUSLIP — RSDIR RFSLIP RUSLIP — WORD MORE — CH[4] CH[3] CH[2] CH[1] CH[0] 0DA STACK R WORD MORE — — SIG_BITA SIG_BITB SIG_BITC SIG_BITD RPHASE R RDELAY[5] RDELAY[4] RDELAY[3] RDELAY[2] RDELAY[1] RDELAY[0] RSLIP_WR RSLIP_RD 0DC TPHASE R TDELAY[5] TDELAY[4] TDELAY[3] TDELAY[2] TDELAY[1] TDELAY[0] TSLIP_WR TSLIP_RD 0DD PERR R — — — — — PERR_TPC PERR_RPC PERR_SBC 0E0–0FF SBCn; n = 0 to 31 R/W — INSERT SIG_LP RLOOP RINDO TINDO TSIG_AB ASSIGN 100–11F TPCn; n = 0 to 31 R/W TB7ZS/EMFBIT TLOOP TIDLE TLOCAL TSIGA/TSIGO TSIGB/RSIGO TSIGC TSIGD 120–13F TSIGn; n = 00 to 31 R/W — — — — TSIGn[3] TSIGn[2] TSIGn[1] TSIGn[0] Bt8370/8375/8376 N8370DSE Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface 0DB 3.18 Register Summary 3-144 Table 3-39. System Bus Registers (1 of 2) Register Label Read Write 140–15F TSLIP_LOn; n = 0 to 31 160–17F Bit Number 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 R/W TPCM[1] TPCM[2] TPCM[3] TPCM[4] TPCM[5] TPCM[6] TPCM[7] TPCM[8] TSLIP–HIn; n = 0 to 31 R/W TPCM[1] TPCM[2] TPCM[3] TPCM[4] TPCM[5] TPCM[6] TPCM[7] TPCM[8] 180–19F RPCn; n = 0 to 31 R/W RSIG_AB/ EMFBIT RIDLE SIG_STK RLOCAL RSIGA RSIGB RSIGC RSIGD 1A0–1BF RSIGn; n = 0 to 31 R/W RSIGn[7] RSIGn[6] RSIGn[5] RSIGn[4] RSIGn[3] RSIGn[2] RSIGn[1] RSIGn[0] 1C0–1DF RSLIP_LOn; n = 0 to 31 R/W RPCM[1] RPCM[2] RPCM[3] RPCM[4] RPCM[5] RPCM[6] RPCM[7] RPCM[8] 1E0–1FF RSLIP_HIn; n = 0 to 31 R/W RPCM[1] RPCM[2] RPCM[3] RPCM[4] RPCM[5] RPCM[6] RPCM[7] RPCM[8] Bt8370/8375/8376 ADDR (hex) Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface N8370DSE Table 3-39. System Bus Registers (2 of 2) Conexant 3.18 Register Summary 3-145 Bt8370/8375/8376 3.18 Register Summary 3-146 Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface Conexant N8370DSE 4 4.0 Applications 4.1 External Component Specifications Table 4-1. Transformer Specifications Parameter Turns Ratio Pulse Engineering Part Numbers: Temp. 0 to 70 °C. Dual– SMT (small) 1500 Vrms Dual– SMT 3 KVrms Pulse Engineering Part Numbers: Temp. 0 to 70 °C. Dual– SMT Dual– SMT (small) Dual– Thru Hole TX Low Power RX TX Better RL Value Value Value 1:1.15 1:1 1:1.36 — — T1190 T1038/T1035 PE–68865(1) PE–65865 PE–65567 — — — 1 Ω maximum Serial Resistance Primary Inductance OCL 1.2 mH @ 25 °C. Isolation Voltage 1500 Vrms/3 KVrms 0.6 µH Leakage Inductance NOTE(S): (1) N8370DSE Contact Pulse Engineering for other part numbers. Phone: (619) 674-8100. WEB: http://www.pulseeng.com Conexant 4-1 Bt8370/8375/8376 4.0 Applications 4.1 External Component Specifications Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface Table 4-2. REFCKI (10 MHz) Crystal Oscillator Specifications Parameter Nominal Frequency 10 MHz Frequency Accuracy (E1) ±50 ppm Frequency Accuracy (T1) ± 32 ppm Output Level CMOS or TTL Aging 4-2 Value 2 ppm/year, 10 ppm maximum Conexant N8370DSE N8370DSE Conexant 10 µF 68 75 56 0.1 µF 14 k (6) XRING XTIP RRING VSET 61 REFCKI GND6 GND3 72 VDD6 59 VDD3 RTIP 57 58 74 73 International Rectifier 10BQ040 or 11DQ04 +5V Chip side Secondary Surge Protection (2) 2.1 2.1 470 470 (3) Smoothing Capacitor 100 pF Motorola MMBF0201N Programmable Receive Termination Fixed Transmit Termination (4) 51.1 112 Fixed Receive Termination (5) 0.1 1:1.36 PULSE T1190 1:1 Optional Common Mode Choke (7) PE 65854 or PE 65554 LC01-6 Semtech TVS TVS TVS Thyristor PTC PTC PTC TR600-160 Raychem TVS Thyristor Teccor P0300SB Line side Secondary Surge Protection (1) TX RX TX RX RJ48C or BANTAM Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface 8370_001 10 MHz 5 V TVS SM05 Semtech +5V Bt8370 Chip side Secondary Surge Protection (2) (Using 1:1 Receive Transformer) Twisted Pair Metallic Interface Bt8370/8375/8376 4.0 Applications 4.1 External Component Specifications Figure 4-1. Option A: Long Haul Application with Ground Reference on the Line Side (1 of 2) 4-3 Bt8370/8375/8376 4.0 Applications 4.1 External Component Specifications Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface Figure 4-1. Option A: Long Haul Application with Ground Reference on the Line Side (2 of 2) NOTE(S): (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) 4-4 Line side secondary surge protection to meet FCC Part 68, Bellcore TR-NWT-001089, and IEC 1000-4-5 requirements. These components are: 1. TVS-LC01-6 Semtech, 2. PTC-TR600-160 Raychem, 3. TVS Thyristor—Teccor P3100SB. A thyristor device (crow bar device) is used to protect against common mode (longitudinal) surges. A Thyristor device with 275 V breakover voltage rated to handle 100A (tp = 10X100Us) is required. A LC01-6 device provides protection during the metallic high surge lightning tests. It is designed to shunt the surge current with a maximum clamping voltage of 16 V below the transformer saturation point. The low capacitance characteristic of LC01-6 (50 pF) is required to avoid signal degration of the high speed digital pulse. A PTC device is used for AC power cross faults, meeting the requirements of Bellcore 1089 and UL1459. Chip side Secondary surge protection. Diodes should be low capacitance, fast turn-on Schottky or surge protection diodes. These components are: 1. Schottky Diode—10BQ040(surface mount) or 11DQ04(discrete) International Rectifier or one 20CJQ04 with two 10BQ040 2. two 2.1 Ω, 1/4 W, 1% Resistors. The two 470 Ω resistors in series with RTIP/RRING are used to limit the current going into the device while the power is off and T1/E1 lines are connected. Optional programmable receive termination –75/100/120 Ω. Optional fixed transmit termination. The value shown provides acceptable transmit return loss for T1 and E1 applications. Required fixed receive termination. The parallel combination of the fixed termination and programmable termination plus series value of the primary surge protection line feed resistor (PTC) should match the line impedance required. VSET Resistor. The VSET resistance value controls the transmit signal amplitude and depending on the line feed resistance (PTC) in the primary surge protection circuit, its value can be fine-tuned. Use R (VSET) = 14 k if total line series resistance is 0 to 12 Ω. The Physical area between the connector and chokes should be kept small in order to avoid high frequency coupling and to improve emissions test. Another good option is to place chokes between PTC and the Line side surge protection device. If common mode noise is a concern then use the through hole package (PE65854) at the connector. Conexant N8370DSE N8370DSE Conexant 10 µF 68 75 56 0.1 µF 14 k (6) VSET 61 REFCKI GND3 GND6 72 VDD6 59 VDD3 XRING XTIP RRING RTIP 57 58 74 73 2.1 +5V Chip side Secondary Surge Protection (2) 2.1 11DQ04 10BQ040 or International Rectifier 470 470 75 Smoothing Capacitor 100 pF 5% Motorola MMBF0201N 100 Programmable Receive Termination (3) Fixed Transmit Termination (4) 51.1 115 Fixed Receive Termination (5) 0.1 1:1.36 PULSE T1190 1:1 Optional Common Mode Choke (5) PE 65854 or PE 65554 PTC Either TVS or Thyristor TR600-160 Raychem Either TVS or Thyristor Line side Secondary Surge Protection (1) (Using 1:1 Receive Transformer) LC01-6 Semtech TVS TX RX See note (1) or TX Teccor P0300SB Thyristor RJ48C or BANTAM RX Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface 8370_002 10 MHz 5 V TVS SM05 Semtech +5V Bt8370 Chip side Secondary Surge Protection (2) Twisted Pair Metallic Interface Bt8370/8375/8376 4.0 Applications 4.1 External Component Specifications Figure 4-2. Option B: Long Haul with No Ground Reference (1 of 2) 4-5 Bt8370/8375/8376 4.0 Applications 4.1 External Component Specifications Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface Figure 4-2. Option B: Long Haul with No Ground Reference (2 of 2) NOTE(S): (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) 4-6 Line side secondary surge protection to meet FCC Part 68, Bellcore TR-NWT-001089, and IEC 1000-4-5 requirements. These components are: 1. TVS-LC01-6 Semtech, 2. PTC-TR600-160 Raychem, or 1. Thyristor (Sidactor)—Teccor P0300SB, 2. PTC-TR600-160 Raychem can be used. An LC01-6 device provides protection during high surge lightning tests. It is designed to shunt the surge current with a maximum clamping voltage of 16 V maximum, below the transformer saturation point. A Thyristor (Sidactor—Teccor P0300SB) clamps the voltage at 40 V maximum. A PTC device is used for power cross faults, meeting the requirements of Bellcore 1089 and UL1459. Chip side Secondary surge protection. Diodes should be low capacitance, fast turn-on Schottky or surge protection diodes. These components are: 1. Schottky Diode—11DQ04 (disrete) or 10BQ040 (surface mount) International Rectifier, 2. two 2.1 Ω, 1/4 W, 1% Resistors. The two 470 Ω resistors in series with RTIP/RRING are used to limit the current going into the device while the power is off and T1/E1 lines are connected. Optional programmable receive termination –75/100/120 Ω. Optional fixed transmit termination. The value shown provides acceptable transmit return loss for T1 and E1 applications. Required fixed receive termination. The parallel combination of the fixed termination and programmable termination plus the primary surge protection line feed resistor (PTC) must match the line impedance. VSET Resistor. The VSET resistance value controls the transmit signal amplitude and depending on the line feed resistance (PTC) in the primary surge protection circuit, its value can be fine-tuned. Use R (VSET) = 14 k if total line feed resistance is 0 to 12 Ω. The Physical area between the connector and chokes should be kept small in order to avoid high frequency coupling and to improve emissions test. Another good option is to place chokes between PTC and Line side surge protection device. If common mode noise is a concern then use the through hole package (PE65854) at the connector. Conexant N8370DSE N8370DSE Conexant 10 µF 68 75 56 0.1 µF 59 72 14 k (6) 61 VSET REFCKI GND6 GND3 VDD3 VDD6 XRING XTIP RRING RTIP 57 58 74 73 2.1 International Rectifier 11DQ04 or 10BQ040 2.1 Chip side Secondary Surge Protection (2) 470 470 75 +5V Smoothing Capacitor 100 pF Motorola MMBF0201N 100 Programmable Receive Termination (3) Fixed Transmit Termination (4) 51.1 115 Fixed Receive Termination (5) 0.1 Coaxial Interface 1:1.36 PULSE T1190 1:1 Optional Common Mode Choke (7) PE 65854 or PE65554 Either TVS or Thyristor Either TVS or Thyristor PTC TR600-160 Raychem PTC Line side Secondary Surge Protection (1) (Using 1:1 Receive Transformer) LC01-6 Semtech TVS Teccor P0300SB See note (1) or Thyristor Terminal Coax Terminal Coax Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface 8370_003 10 MHz 5 V TVS SM05 Semtech +5V Bt8370 Chip side Secondary Surge Protection (2) Bt8370/8375/8376 4.0 Applications 4.1 External Component Specifications Figure 4-3. Option C: Long Haul Application with No Ground Reference on the Line (1 of 2) 4-7 Bt8370/8375/8376 4.0 Applications 4.1 External Component Specifications Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface Figure 4-3. Option C: Long Haul Application with No Ground Reference on the Line (2 of 2) NOTE(S): (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) 4-8 Line side secondary surge protection to meet FCC Part 68, Bellcore TR-NWT-001089, and IEC 1000-4-5 requirements. These components are: 1. TVS-LC01-6 Semtech, 2. PTC- TR600-160 Raychem, or 1. Thyristor (Sidactor)—Teccor P0300SB, 2. PTC-TR600-160 Raychem can be used. A LC01-6 device provides protection during high surge lightning tests. It is designed to shunt the surge current with a maximum clamping voltage of 16 V maximum, below the transformer saturation point. A Thyristor (Sidactor—Teccor P0300SB) clamps the voltage at 40 V maximum. A PTC device is used for power cross faults, meeting the requirements of Bellcore 1089 and UL1459. Chip side Secondary surge protection. Diodes should be low capacitance, fast turn-on Schottky or surge protection diodes. These components are: 1. Schottky Diode—10BQ040 (surface mount) or 11DQ04 (discrete) International Rectifier or one 20CJQ04 with two 10BQ040 2. two 2.1 Ω, 1/4 W, 1% Resistors. The two 470 Ω resistors in series with RTIP/RRING are used to limit the current going into the device and the power are off and T1/E1 lines are connected. Optional programmable receive termination –75/100/120 Ω. Optional fixed transmit termination. The value shown provides acceptable transmit return loss for T1 and E1 applications. Required fixed receive termination. The parallel combination of the fixed termination and programmable termination plus the primary surge protection line feed resistor (PTC) must match the line impedance. VSET Resistor. The VSET resistance value controls the transmit signal amplitude and depending on the line feed resistance (PTC) in the primary surge protection circuit, its value can be fine-tuned. Use R (VSET) = 14 k if total line series resistance is 0 to 12 Ω. The Physical area between the connector and chokes should be kept small in order to avoid high frequency coupling and to improve emissions test. Another good option is to place chokes between PTC and the Line side surge protection device. If common mode noise is a concern then use the through hole package (PE65854) at the connector. Conexant N8370DSE Bt8370/8375/8376 4.0 Applications 4.1 External Component Specifications Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface T X 1:1.36 Fixed Transmit Termination (3) Smoothing Capacitor 51.1 Chip side Secondary Surge Protection (1) 2.1 14 k (5) 61 VSET 57 XRING REFCKI GND3 GND6 75 56 0.1 µF 68 XTIP 58 470 74 8370_004 10 MHz 5 V TVS SM05 Semtech +5V 10 µF 72 VDD6 59 VDD3 Bt8370 RRING RTIP 73 470 2.1 Chip side Secondary Surge Protection (1) +5V 100 pF Programmable Receive Termination (2) 121 Fixed Receive Termination (5) 0.1 1:1 PULSE T1190 PE 65554 Optional Common Mode Choke (6) T X R X (Using 1:1 Receive Transformer) Twisted Pair Metallic Interface R X RJ48C or BANTAM Figure 4-4. Option D: Short Haul Interface Application NOTE(S): (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) Chip side secondary surge protection. Diodes should be low capacitance, fast turn-on Schottky or surge protection diodes. These components are: 1. Schottky Diode—11DQ04 (disrete) or 10BQ040 (surface mount) International Rectifier, 2. two 2.1 Ω, 1/4 W, 1% Resistors. The two 470 Ω resistors in series with RTIP/RRING are used to limit the current going into the device while the power is off and T1/E1 lines are connected. Optional programmable receive termination –75/100/120 Ω. Optional fixed transmit termination. The value shown provides acceptable transmit return loss for T1 and E1 applications. Required fixed receive termination. The parallel combination of the fixed termination and programmable termination must match the line impedance. VSET Resistor. The VSET resistance value controls the transmit signal amplitude. The Physical area between the connector and chokes should be kept small in order to avoid high frequency coupling and to improve emissions test N8370DSE Conexant 4-9 Bt8370/8375/8376 4.0 Applications 4.1 External Component Specifications 4-10 Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface Conexant N8370DSE 5 5.0 Electrical/Mechanical Specifications 5.1 Absolute Maximum Ratings Table 5-1. Absolute Maximum Ratings Symbol VDD ∆VDD Parameter Power Supply (measured to GND) Minimum Maximum Units –0.5 7 V 0.5 V VDD + 0.5 V ±2 ±700 ±200 kV V V Voltage Differential (between any 2 VDD pins) Vi Constant Voltage on any Signal Pin –1.0 ESD Transient Voltage on any Signal Pin HBM rating CDM rating MMM rating — Ii Constant Current on any Signal Pin –10 +10 mA LATCHUP Transient Current on any Signal Pin Digital Pins Analog Pins (TIP,RING) –350 –350 +400 +400 mA mA Ts Storage Temperature –65 150 °C Tj Junction Temperature: (θjA x VDD x IDD) + Tamb –40 125 °C Tvsol Vapor Phase Soldering Temperature (1 minute) — 220 °C Thermal Resistance (80MQFP), Still Air — 43 °C/W θjA NOTE(S): Stresses above those listed as Absolute Maximum Ratings may cause permanent damage to the device. This is a stress rating only, and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the other sections of this document is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. N8370DSE Conexant 5-1 Bt8370/8375/8376 5.0 Electrical/Mechanical Specifications 5.2 Recommended Operating Conditions Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface 5.2 Recommended Operating Conditions Table 5-2. Recommended Operating Conditions Symbol Parameter Minimum Maximum Units VDD Supply Voltage 4.75 5.25 V Tamb Ambient Operating Temperature Bt8370KPF, Bt8375KPF, Bt8376KPF Bt8370EPF, Bt8375EPF, Bt8376EPF 0 –40 70 85 °C °C Vih Input High Voltage (except TCK) 2.0 VDD + 0.5 V Vih TCK 2.2 VDD + 0.5 V Vil Input Low Voltage –0.5 0.8 V 5.3 Electrical Characteristics Table 5-3. DC Characteristics Symbol 5-2 Parameter Minimum Typical Maximum Units IDD Supply Current — 125 175 mA Voh Output High Voltage (Ioh = –400 µA) 3.5 — — V Vol Output Low Voltage (Iol = 4 mA) — — 0.4 V Iod Open Drain Output Current Sink — — 4 mA Ipr Resistive Pullup Current 40 100 500 µA Il Input Leakage Current –10 1 10 µA Ioz Three-state Leakage Current –10 1 10 µA Cin Input Capacitance (f = 1 MHz, Vin = 2.4 V) — 2 5 pF Cio I/O Capacitance (PIO, AD[7:0] pins) — 5 10 pF Cout Output Capacitance — 2 5 pF Cld Capacitive Loading (Test Condition) — 70 85 pF Iosc Short Circuit Output Current 37 50 160 mA Conexant N8370DSE Bt8370/8375/8376 5.0 Electrical/Mechanical Specifications 5.3 Electrical Characteristics Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface Table 5-4. Line Interface Unit (RLIU, TLIU) Performance Characteristics Parameter Minimum Typical Maximum Units T1 Receiver Sensitivity (Attenuation @ 772 kHz)(1) +3 — –36 dB E1 Receiver Sensitivity (Attenuation @ 1024 kHz)(1) +3 — –43 dB T1/E1 Short-Haul Receiver Sensitivity (2) +3 — –20 dB Transmitter XTIP, XRING Outputs: Output Impedance (XOE = 0, high impedance) Output Impedance (XOE = 1, unterminated) T1 Pulse Amplitude, 100 Ω UTP E1 Pulse Amplitude, 75 Ω Coax E1 Pulse Amplitude, 120 Ω UTP Space/Mark Peak Voltage Ratio 10 — 2.4 2.14 2.7 –10 100 1 3.0 2.37 3.0 — — 2 3.6 2.6 3.3 +10 kΩ kΩ V V V % Receiver RTIP, RRING Inputs: Input Impedance (unterminated) Peak-to-Peak Voltage (measured deferentially) — — 10 6 12 7.2 kΩ V Receiver Phase-Lock Loop (RPLL) Tolerable consecutive 0s before frequency lost T1 Frequency Lock Range E1 Frequency Lock Range 23 –0.3 –0.4 75 1544 2048 100 +0.3 +0.4 bits kHz kHz Transmitter Phase-Lock Loop (TPLL): T1 Frequency Lock Range E1 Frequency Lock Range –0.7 –1.0 1544 2048 +0.7 +1.0 kHz kHz Longitudinal Balance, Impedance to GND: T1 (50 kHz < f < 1544 kHz) E1 (50 kHz < f < 2048 kHz) 35 35 42 40 — — dB dB Receiver Noise Immunity (SNR): Near-End Crosstalk (215 PRBS) 60 Hz Longitudinal — — 15 18 18 20 dB dB Transmitter Signal Power Level (3 kHz band): Power @ 772 kHz Power @ 1544 kHz (versus Power @ 772 kHz) 12 –25 15 –36 +19 — dBm dB NOTE(S): (1) Bt8370/8375/8376 receiver sensitivity includes 3 dB margin for 6000 feet (22 AWG) or 3.0 km (0.6 mm) cable. (2) Bt8375 and Bt8376 receiver sensitivity is limited to –20 dB in both T1 and E1 modes. N8370DSE Conexant 5-3 Bt8370/8375/8376 5.0 Electrical/Mechanical Specifications 5.4 AC Characteristics Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface 5.4 AC Characteristics Table 5-5. Input Clock Timing Symbol Parameter 1 2 3 Minimum Maximum Units MCLK Frequency 8.0 35.7 MHz REFCKI Frequency 9.999 10.001 MHz RCKI, TCKI, ACKI Frequency 1.5 2.1 MHz RSBCKI, TSBCKI Frequency 1.5 8.2 MHz CLADI Frequency 8 16,384 kHz TCK Frequency 0 5.0 MHz Clock Width High RCKI, TCKI, ACKI, CLADI MCLK, REFCKI, RSBCKI, TSBCKI 0.2 x t(1) 0.4 x t(1) 0.8 x t(1) 0.6 x t(1) ns ns Clock Width Low RCKI, TCKI, ACKI, CLADI MCLK, REFCKI, RSBCKI, TSBCKI 0.2 x t(1) 0.4 x t(1) 0.8 x t(1) 0.6 x t(1) ns ns 4 Clock Rise Time — 20 ns 5 Clock Fall Time — 20 ns Figure 5-1. Minimum Clock Pulse Widths 1 2 3 90% 50% 10% 4 5-4 5 Conexant N8370DSE Bt8370/8375/8376 5.0 Electrical/Mechanical Specifications 5.4 AC Characteristics Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface Table 5-6. Input Data Setup and Hold Timing Symbol Clock Edge Input Data Minimum Maximum Units Figure 1 MCLK Rising ONESEC 5 — ns 5-2 RST* 5 — ns 5-2 RPOSI 5 — ns 5-2 RNEGI 5 — ns 5-2 RCKI TDLCKO Falling TDLI 5 — ns 5-2 RSBCKI RSYN_NEG (addr 0D1) RMSYNC 5 — ns 5-2, 5-5 RFSYNC 5 — ns 5-5 TPCM_NEG (addr 0D4) TPCMI 5 — ns 5-2 TSIGI 5 — ns 5-2 TSYN_NEG (addr 0D4) TFSYNC 5 — ns 5-5 TMSYNC 5 — ns 5-2, 5-5 ONESEC 5 — ns 5-2 RST* 5 — ns 5-2 RPOSI 5 — ns 5-2 RNEGI 5 — ns 5-2 TPOSI 5 — ns 5-2 TNEGI 5 — ns 5-2 TSBCKI 2 MCLK RCKI TCKI Falling TDLI 5 — ns 5-2 RSBCKI RSYN_NEG (addr 0D1) RMSYNC 5 — ns 5-2, 5-5 RFSYNC 5 — ns 5-5 TPCM_NEG (addr 0D4) TPCMI 5 — ns 5-2 TSIGI 5 — ns 5-2 TSYN_NEG (addr 0D4) TFSYNC 5 — ns 5-5 TMSYNC 5 — ns 5-2, 5-5 RMSYNC 5 — ns 5-5 RFSYNC 5 — ns 5-5 TMSYNC 5 — ns 5-5 TFSYNC 5 — ns 5-5 RMSYNC 5 — ns 5-5 RFSYNC 5 — ns 5-5 TMSYNC 5 — ns 5-5 TFSYNC 5 — ns 5-5 RSBCKI RSBCKI TSBCKI N8370DSE Falling Falling TSBCKI 4 Rising TDLCKO TSBCKI 3 Falling RSYN_NEG TSYN_NG RSYN_NEG TSYN_NEG Conexant 5-5 Bt8370/8375/8376 5.0 Electrical/Mechanical Specifications 5.4 AC Characteristics Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface Table 5-7. Output Data Delay Timing Symbol Clock Edge Output Data Minimum Maximum Units Figure 1 MCLK Rising ONESEC 0 10 ns 5-3 INTR 0 10 ns 5-3 RCKI — RCKO 0 20 ns 5-3 RCKO Rising RPOSO 0 20 ns 5-3 RNEGO 0 20 ns 5-3 Falling RDLO 0 20 ns 5-3 — RDLCKO 0 20 ns 5-3 — TCKO 0 20 ns 5-3 — TDLCKO 0 20 ns 5-3 Rising TNRZO 0 20 ns 5-3 MSYNCO 0 20 ns 5-3 TPOSO 0 20 ns 5-3 TNEGO 0 20 ns 5-3 TCKI or ACKI TCKO Rising RDLCKO Rising RDLO –5 15 ns 5-3 RSBCKI RPCM_NEG (addr 0D1) RPCMO 0 30 ns 5-3 RSIGO 0 30 ns 5-3 RINDO 0 30 ns 5-3 SIGFRZ 0 20 ns 5-3 RFSYNC 0 20 ns 5-3 RMSYNC 0 20 ns 5-3 TPCM_NEG (addr 0D4) TINDO 0 20 ns 5-3 TSYN_NEG (addr 0D4) TFSYNC 0 20 ns 5-3 TMSYNC 0 20 ns 5-3 RSYN_NEG (addr 0D1) TSBCKI Table 5-8. 1-Second Input/Output Timing Symbol 5-6 Parameter 1 Input Pulse Width 2 Output Pulse Width Conexant Minimum Maximum Units 1/MCLK 1 sec–125 µs As shown 125 250 µs N8370DSE Bt8370/8375/8376 5.0 Electrical/Mechanical Specifications 5.4 AC Characteristics Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface Figure 5-2. Input Data Setup/Hold Timing Clock 1 2 Rising Edge Input Data 1 2 Falling Edge Input Data Figure 5-3. Output Data Delay Timing Clock 1 1 Rising Edge Output Data Falling Edge Output Data Figure 5-4. 1-Second Input/Output Timing 1 ONESECI 2 ONESECO NOTE(S): ONESEC pin can be either an input (ONESECI) or an output (ONESECO). N8370DSE Conexant 5-7 Bt8370/8375/8376 5.0 Electrical/Mechanical Specifications 5.4 AC Characteristics Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface Figure 5-5. SBI Timing: Setup and Hold Time for RFSYNC/RMSYNC and TFSYNC/TMSYNC Input Signals RSBCKI / TSBCKI RMSYNC/TMSYNC RFSYNC / TFSYNC (RSYN_NEG = 1) (TSYN_NEG = 1) 5-8 1 4 3 3 1 2 2 8370_006 RMSYNC/TMSYNC RFSYNC / TFSYNC (RSYN_NEG = 1) (TSYN_NEG = 1) Conexant N8370DSE Bt8370/8375/8376 5.0 Electrical/Mechanical Specifications 5.5 MPU Interface Timing Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface 5.5 MPU Interface Timing Figure 5-6. Motorola Asynchronous Read Cycle 1 AS* 2 A[8:0] Address 3 CS* R/W* DS* 4 5 Read Data AD[7:0] Table 5-9. Motorola Asynchronous Read Cycle Symbol Parameter Minimum Maximum Units 1 AS* high pulse width 15 — ns 2 A[8:0] Address setup to AS* low 5 — ns 3 A[8:0] Address hold after AS* low 10 — ns 4 CS* low and R/W* high, and DS* low to AD[7:0] valid — 80 ns 5 CS* high and DS* high, and R/W* low to AD[7:0] invalid/three-state 5 20 ns N8370DSE Conexant 5-9 Bt8370/8375/8376 5.0 Electrical/Mechanical Specifications 5.5 MPU Interface Timing Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface Figure 5-7. Motorola Asynchronous Write Cycle MOTO* = 0, SYNCMD = 0, CLKMD = 0 1 AS* 2 A[8:0] 9 Address 3 ~ ~ CS* 8 4 R/W* 7 DS* 5 AD[7:0] Write Data 6 Table 5-10. Motorola Asynchronous Write Cycle Symbol 5-10 Parameter Minimum Maximum Units 1 AS* high pulse width 15 — ns 2 A[8:0] Address setup to AS* low 5 — ns 3 A[8:0] Address hold after AS* low 2 — ns 4 CS* low and R/W* low to DS* low 5 — ns 5 AD[7:0] setup to DS* low 0 — ns 6 AD[7:0] hold after DS* low 15 — ns 7 DS* low pulse width 38 — ns 8 CS*, R/W* hold after DS* low 38 — ns 9 DS* low to AS* high 70 — ns Conexant N8370DSE Bt8370/8375/8376 5.0 Electrical/Mechanical Specifications 5.5 MPU Interface Timing Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface Figure 5-8. Intel Asynchronous Read Cycle MOTO* = 1, SYNCMD = 0, CLKMD = 0 1 ALE 2 A[8] 9 Address 3 AD[7:0] Address Read Data 4 7 6 RD* WR* 5 8 CS* Table 5-11. Intel Asynchronous Read Cycle Symbol Parameter Minimum Maximum Units 1 ALE high pulse width 15 — ns 2 A[8], AD[7:0] Address setup to ALE low 5 — ns 3 A[8], AD[7:0] Address hold after ALE low 10 — ns 4 ALE low to RD* and CS* both low 0 — ns 5 WR* high setup to RD* and CS* both low 0 — ns 6 RD* and CS* both low to AD[7:0] valid — 80 ns 7 RD* or CS* high to AD[7:0] invalid/three-state 0 15 ns 8 WR* high hold after RD* or CS* high 0 — ns 9 RD* or CS* high to next ALE 0 — ns N8370DSE Conexant 5-11 Bt8370/8375/8376 5.0 Electrical/Mechanical Specifications 5.5 MPU Interface Timing Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface Figure 5-9. Intel Asynchronous Write Cycle 1 9 ALE 2 A[8] Address 6 3 AD[7:0] Address Write Data 7 WR* 5 RD* 4 8 CS* Table 5-12. Intel Asynchronous Write Cycle Symbol 5-12 Parameter Minimum Maximum Units 1 ALE high pulse width 15 — ns 2 A[8], AD[7:0] Address setup to ALE low 5 — ns 3 A[8], AD[7:0] Address hold after ALE low 10 — ns 4 CS*, RD* setup to WR* low 0 — ns 5 WR* pulse width low 38 — ns 6 AD[7:0] input data setup to WR* or CS* high 0 — ns 7 AD[7:0] input data hold after WR* or CS* high 15 — ns 8 RD* hold after WR* or CS* high 0 — ns 9 End write cycle to next ALE high 55 — ns Conexant N8370DSE Bt8370/8375/8376 5.0 Electrical/Mechanical Specifications 5.5 MPU Interface Timing Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface Figure 5-10. Motorola Synchronous Read Cycle MCLK 1 AS* 9 2 A[8:0] Address 3 CS* 5 4 DTACK* 6 R/W* DS* 7 8 AD[7:0] Read Data Table 5-13. Motorola Synchronous Read Cycle Symbol Parameter Minimum Maximum Units 1 AS* high pulse width 15 — ns 2 A[8:0] Address setup to AS* low 5 — ns 3 A[8:0] Address hold after AS* low 10 — ns 4 AS* and CS* low to DTACK* low 0 15 ns 5 AS* or CS* high to DTACK* high 0 10 ns 6 AS*, DS*, CS*, R/W* setup to MCLK high 15 — ns 7 DS* sampled low to AD[7:0] valid — 0.5/MCLK +20 ns 8 CS* or DS* high to AD[7:0] invalid/three-state 0 25 ns 9 MCLK high to AS* high 1/MCLK + 12 — ns N8370DSE Conexant 5-13 Bt8370/8375/8376 5.0 Electrical/Mechanical Specifications 5.5 MPU Interface Timing Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface Figure 5-11. Motorola Synchronous Write Cycle MCLK 1 11 AS* 2 A[8:0] 12 Address 3 DTACK* 4 5 CS* 6 R/W* 9 10 DS* 7 AD[7:0] Write Data 8 Table 5-14. Motorola Synchronous Write Cycle Symbol 5-14 Parameter Minimum Maximum Units 1 AS* high pulse width 15 — ns 2 A[8:0] Address setup to AS* low 5 — ns 3 A[8:0] Address hold after AS* low 10 — ns 4 AS* and CS* low to DTACK* low 0 15 ns 5 AS* or CS* high to DTACK* high 0 10 ns 6 CS* and R/W* low to DS* low 10 — ns 7 AD[7:0] setup to DS* low 0 — ns 8 AD[7:0] hold after DS* low 15 — ns 9 DS* setup to MCLK high 5 — ns 10 DS* hold after MCLK high 10 — ns 11 DS* sampled low to data latch (internal) — 1 / MCLK + 15 ns 12 DS* sampled low to AS* high 1/2 MCLK + 15 — ns Conexant N8370DSE Bt8370/8375/8376 5.0 Electrical/Mechanical Specifications 5.5 MPU Interface Timing Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface Figure 5-12. Intel Synchronous Read Cycle MCLK 1 ALE 2 A[8] 9 Address 7 3 AD[7:0] Address Read Data 4 5 8 6 RD* WR* CS* Table 5-15. Intel Synchronous Read Cycle Symbol Parameter Minimum Maximum Units 1 ALE high pulse width 15 — ns 2 A[8], AD[7:0] Address setup to ALE low 5 — ns 3 A[8], AD[7:0] Address hold after ALE low 10 — ns 4 ALE low to RD* and CS* both low 5 — ns 5 RD*, CS*, WR* setup to MCLK high (Start RD cycle) 5 — ns 6 RD*, CS*, WR* hold after MCLK high 10 — ns 7 Start RD* cycle to AD[7:0] valid — (1) ns 8 RD* or CS* high to AD[7:0] invalid/three-state 0 25 ns 9 End RD cycle to next ALE high 0 — ns NOTE(S): (1) Parameter 7 equals 40 ns or 1/2 MCLK + 17 ns, whichever is greater. N8370DSE Conexant 5-15 Bt8370/8375/8376 5.0 Electrical/Mechanical Specifications 5.5 MPU Interface Timing Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface Figure 5-13. Intel Synchronous Write Cycle MCLK 1 8 ALE 2 A[8] Address 6 3 AD[7:0] Address Write Data 7 WR* RD* 4 5 CS* Table 5-16. Intel Synchronous Write Timing Symbol 5-16 Parameter Minimum Maximum Units 1 ALE high pulse width 15 — ns 2 A[8], AD[7:0] Address setup to ALE low 5 — ns 3 A[8], AD[7:0] Address hold after ALE low 10 — ns 4 WR*,RD*,CS* setup to MCLK high (start WR cycle) 5 — ns 5 WR*,RD*,CS* hold after MCLK high 10 — ns 6 Start WR* cycle to AD[7:0] input data valid — 1/MCLK–10 ns 7 AD[7:0] input data hold after Start WR cycle 1 / MCLK + 9 — ns 8 Start WR cycle to next ALE high 1 / MCLK + 10 — ns Conexant N8370DSE Bt8370/8375/8376 5.0 Electrical/Mechanical Specifications 5.6 System Bus Interface (SBI) Timing Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface 5.6 System Bus Interface (SBI) Timing Figure 5-14. SBI Timing - 1536K Mode Transmit Receive TSBCKI RSBCKI (4) TSYNCO(1) RSYNCO(1) X2CLK = 0 Offset = 008 (TS1, Bit1)(3) TSYNCI RSYNCI TSYNCO RSYNCO Offset = 018 TSYNCI RSYNCI TSYNCO RSYNCO TSYNCI(1) RSYNCI(1) (3) SBI Signal Group Offset = 0C7(3) TPCMI RPCMO TS24 (4) TS1 TS2 TS3 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 TSIGI(5) RSIGO(6) A B C D A B C D A B C D A B C D A B C D A B C D TINDO(2) RINDO(2) TSIG24 TSIG1 TSIG2 SIGFRZ TSBCKI RSBCKI TSYNCO RSYNCO (7) X2CLK = 1 (4) Offset = 008(3) TSYNCI RSYNCI TSYNCO RSYNCO Offset = 018 TSYNCI (3) RSYNCI NOTE(S): 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. TSYNC/RSYNC represents frame (TFSYNC/RFSYNC) and multiframe (TMSYNC/RMSYNC) offset. RINDO/TINDO programmed high or low on a per-time slot basis (SBCn; addr 0E0-0FF). Multiple offset values shown for illustration, refer to OFFSET controls (addr 0D2-0D3, 0D5-0D6). Rising edge outputs and falling edge inputs shown. Refer to Figure 5-19 for other edge combinations. Transmit ABCD signalling on TSIGI is sampled only during low nibble. Received ABCD signalling on RSIGO is repeated in both high and low nibbles. X2CLK control bit located in SBI_CR (addr 0D0). N8370DSE Conexant 5-17 Bt8370/8375/8376 5.0 Electrical/Mechanical Specifications 5.6 System Bus Interface (SBI) Timing Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface Figure 5-15. SBI Timing—1544K Mode Transmit Receive TSBCKI RSBCKI TSYNCO(1) RSYNCO(1) (4) X2CLK = 0 Offset = 000 (F-bit)(3) TSYNCI RSYNCI TSYNCO RSYNCO Offset = 00F TSYNCI RSYNCI TSYNCO RSYNCO (3) Offset = 0C7(3) SBI Signal Group TSYNCI RSYNCI TPCMI RPCMO TSIGI(5) RSIGO(6) TINDO(2) RINDO(2) TS24 (4) TS1 TS2 TS3 5 6 7 8 F 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 TSIG24 TSIG1 TSIG2 A B C D F A B C D A B C D A B C D A B C D A B C D SIGFRZ TSBCKI RSBCKI TSYNCO RSYNCO (7) X2CLK = 1 (4) Offset = 000(3) TSYNCI RSYNCI TSYNCO RSYNCO Offset = 00F TSYNCI (3) RSYNCI NOTE(S): 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 5-18 TSYNC/RSYNC represents frame (TFSYNC/RFSYNC) and multiframe (TMSYNC/RMSYNC) offset. RINDO/TINDO programmed high or low on a per-time slot basis (SBCn; addr 0E0-0FF). Multiple offset values shown for illustration, refer to OFFSET controls (addr 0D2-0D3, 0D5-0D6). Rising edge outputs and falling edge inputs shown. Refer to Figure 5-19 for other edge combinations. Transmit ABCD signalling on TSIGI is sampled only during low nibble. Received ABCD signalling on RSIGO is repeated in both high and low nibbles. X2CLK control bit located in SBI_CR (addr 0D0). Conexant N8370DSE Bt8370/8375/8376 5.0 Electrical/Mechanical Specifications 5.6 System Bus Interface (SBI) Timing Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface Figure 5-16. SBI Timing—2048K Mode Transmit Receive TSBCKI RSBCKI TSYNCO(1) RSYNCO(1) X2CLK = 0 Offset = 000 (TS0, Bit1)(3) TSYNCI RSYNCI TSYNCO RSYNCO TSYNCI RSYNCI TSYNCO RSYNCO TSYNCI(1) RSYNCI(1) Offset = 00B Offset = 0FF(3) SBI Signal Group TS31 TPCMI RPCMO TSIGI(5) RSIGO(6) TINDO(2) RINDO(2) TS0 TS1 TS2 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 TSIG31 TSIG0 TSIG1 A B C D A B C D A B C D A B C D A B C D A B C D X2CLK = 1 SIGFRZ TSBCKI RSBCKI TSYNCO RSYNCO Offset = 000(3) TSYNCI RSYNCI TSYNCO RSYNCO TSYNCI RSYNCI Offset = 00B NOTE(S): 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. TSYNC/RSYNC represents frame (TFSYNC/RFSYNC) and multiframe (TMSYNC/RMSYNC) offset. RINDO/TINDO programmed high or low on a per-time slot basis (SBCn; addr 0E0-0FF). Multiple offset values shown for illustration, refer to OFFSET controls (addr 0D2-0D3, 0D5-0D6). Rising edge outputs and falling edge inputs shown. Refer to Figure 5-19 for other edge combinations. Transmit ABCD signalling on TSIGI is sampled only during low nibble. Received ABCD signalling on RSIGO is repeated in both high and low nibbles. X2CLK control bit located in SBI_CR (addr 0D0). N8370DSE Conexant 5-19 Bt8370/8375/8376 5.0 Electrical/Mechanical Specifications 5.6 System Bus Interface (SBI) Timing Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface Figure 5-17. SBI Timing—4096K Mode SBCKI SYNCO X2CLK = 0 Offset = 000 SYNCI SYNCO Offset = 008 SYNCI SYNCO Offset = 1FF SYNCI NON-BUSSED BUSSED TS0A TS1A 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 GroupA 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 TS31B TS0B GroupB 4 5 6 7 8 TS31A TS1B 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 TS0A TS0A 1 2 3 4 TS1A TS1A GroupA 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 TS31B TS0B TS0B TS1B TS1B GroupB 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 SBCKI X2CLK = 1 SYNCO Offset = 000 SYNCI SYNCO Offset = 008 SYNCI NOTE(S): 1. Rising edge outputs and falling edge inputs shown. Refer to Figure 5-19 for other edge combinations. 2. BUSSED or NON-BUSSED signal group controls located in BUS_RSB, BUS_FRZ (addr 0D1) and BUS_TSB (addr 0D4). 5-20 Conexant N8370DSE Bt8370/8375/8376 5.0 Electrical/Mechanical Specifications 5.6 System Bus Interface (SBI) Timing Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface Figure 5-18. SBI Timing—8192K Mode SBCKI SYNCO X2CLK = 0 Offset = 000 SYNCI SYNCO Offset = 010 SYNCI SYNCO Offset = 3FF SYNCI TS0A GroupA 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 BUSSED TS0B GroupB 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 TS0C GroupC 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 TS31D TS0D GroupD 4 5 6 7 8 NON-BUSSED TS31A 1 2 3 4 TS0A TS0A TS0A TS0A GroupA 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 TS31B TS0B TS0B TS0B TS0B GroupB 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 TS31C TS0C TS0C TS0C TS0C GroupC 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 TS31D TS0D TS0D TS0D TS0D GroupD 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 SBCKI X2CLK = 1 SYNCO Offset = 000 SYNCI SYNCO Offset = 010 SYNCI N8370DSE Conexant 5-21 Bt8370/8375/8376 5.0 Electrical/Mechanical Specifications 5.6 System Bus Interface (SBI) Timing Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface Figure 5-19. SBI Timing—Eight Clock Edge Combinations (Applicable to Any SBI Mode) SBCKI PCM X2CLK PCM_NEG SYN_NEG 0 0 0 SYNC PCM X2CLK PCM_NEG SYN_NEG 0 0 1 SYNC PCM X2CLK PCM_NEG SYN_NEG 0 1 0 SYNC PCM X2CLK PCM_NEG SYN_NEG 0 1 1 SYNC SBCKI PCM X2CLK PCM_NEG SYN_NEG 1 0 0 SYNC PCM X2CLK PCM_NEG SYN_NEG 1 0 1 SYNC PCM X2CLK PCM_NEG SYN_NEG 1 1 0 SYNC PCM X2CLK PCM_NEG SYN_NEG 1 1 1 SYNC LEGEND: Rising Edge Sample Rising Edge Output Falling Edge Sample Falling Edge Output NOTE(S): PCM output/sample points are shown only for the corresponding SYNC output/sample point. 5-22 Conexant N8370DSE Bt8370/8375/8376 5.0 Electrical/Mechanical Specifications 5.7 JTAG Interface Timing Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface 5.7 JTAG Interface Timing Table 5-17. Test and Diagnostic Interface Timing Requirements Symbol Parameter Minimum Maximum Units 1 TCK pulse width high 80 — ns 2 TCK pulse width low 80 — ns 3 TMS, TDI setup to TCK rising edge 20 — ns 4 TMS, TDI hold after TCK high 20 — ns Minimum Maximum Units Table 5-18. Test and Diagnostic Interface Switching Characteristics Symbol Parameter 5 TDO hold after TCK falling edge 0 — ns 6 TDO delay after TCK low — 50 ns 7 TDO enable (Low Z) after TCK falling edge 2 — ns 8 TDO disable (High Z) after TCK low — 25 ns Figure 5-20. JTAG Interface Timing TDO 7 5 1 8 6 TCK 3 4 2 TDI TMS N8370DSE Conexant 5-23 Bt8370/8375/8376 5.0 Electrical/Mechanical Specifications 5.8 Mechanical Specifications Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface 5.8 Mechanical Specifications Figure 5-21. 80-Pin Metric Quad Flat Pack (MQFP) S Y M B O L ALL DIMENSIONS IN MILLIMETERS MIN. NOM. MAX. A 2.20 2.25--- 2.30 A1 ---- 0.25 ---- A2 1.95 2.0 2.05 D 17.05 17.20 17.35 D1 13.95 14.00 14.05 D3 12.35 ZD ---- 0.825 ---- E 17.05 17.20 17.35 E1 13.95 14.00 14.05 E3 12.35 ZE ---- 0.825 ---- L .70 .80 .90 e b 5-24 Conexant .65 ---- .33 ---- N8370DSE A Appendix A A.1 Superframe Format (SF) The Superframe Format (SF), is also referred to as the D4 format. The requirement for associated signaling in frames 6 and 12 dictates that the frames be distinguishable. This leads to a multiframe structure consisting of 12 frames per superframe (SF). See Figure A-1 and Table A-1 and A-2. The SF structure consists of a multiframe of 12 frames. Each frame has 24 channels, plus an F-bit, and 8 bits per channel. A channel is equivalent to one voice circuit or one 64 kbps data circuit. This structure of frames and multiframes is defined by the F-bit pattern. The F-bit is designated alternately as an Ft bit (terminal framing bit) or an Fs bit (signalling framing bit). The Ft bit carries a pattern of alternating 0s and 1s (101010) in odd frames that defines the frame boundaries so that one channel can be distinguished from another. The Fs bit carries a pattern of (001110) in even frames, and defines the multiframe boundaries so that one frame can be distinguished from another. Figure A-1. T1 Superframe PCM Format Signalling Information B 8 Bits per Channel 1 Ft or Fs CH 1 FR 1 N8370DSE 2 CH 2 FR 2 3 A 4 5 6 7 8 CH 13 FR 7 Conexant FR 11 Bit 8 During: Frame 12 Frame 6 CH 24 24 Channels per Frame Frame = 193 Bits FR 12 Multiframe SF = 12 Frames A-1 Bt8370/8375/8376 Appendix A A.1 Superframe Format (SF) Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface Table A-1. Superframe Format F-Bits Frame # A-2 Bit # Bit Use in Each Time Slot Terminal Framing Ft Signaling Framing Fs Traffic Signal Signaling Channel 1 0 1 — 1–8 — — 2 193 — 0 1–8 — — 3 386 0 — 1–8 — — 4 579 — 0 1–8 — — 5 772 1 — 1–8 — — 6 965 — 1 1–7 8 A 7 1158 0 — 1–8 — — 8 1351 — 1 1–8 — — 9 1544 1 — 1–8 — — 10 1737 — 1 1–8 — — 11 1930 0 — 1–8 — — 12 2123 — 0 1–7 8 B Conexant N8370DSE Bt8370/8375/8376 Appendix A A.2 T1DM Format Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface A.2 T1DM Format Table A-2. T1DM Frame Format Bit Use in Each Time Slot F-Bits Frame # Bit # Terminal Framing Ft Signaling Framing Fs Sync Byte Info Ctrl 1 0 1 — — 1–7 8 1 185–192 — — 10111YR0 — — 2 193 — 0 — 1–7 8 2 378–385 — — 10111YR0 — — 3 386 0 — — 1–7 8 3 571–578 — — 10111YR0 — — 4 579 — 0 — 1–7 8 4 764–771 — — 10111YR0 — — 5 772 1 — — 1–7 8 5 957–964 — — 10111YR0 — — 6 965 — 1 — 1–7 8 6 1150–1157 — — 10111YR0 — — 7 1158 0 — — 1–7 8 7 1343–1350 — — 10111YR0 — — 8 1351 — 1 — 1–7 8 8 1536–1543 — — 10111YR0 — — 9 1544 1 — — 1–7 8 9 1729–1736 — — 10111YR0 — — 10 1737 — 1 — 1–7 8 10 1922–1929 — — 10111YR0 — — 11 1930 0 — — 1–7 8 11 2115–2122 — — 10111YR0 — — 12 2123 — 0 — 1–7 8 Note: 1. Y-bit is used to indicate a Yellow Alarm (active-low). 2. R-bit is used solely by AT&T as an 8 kbps communications channel to collect performance data on long haul DDS facilities. N8370DSE Conexant A-3 Bt8370/8375/8376 Appendix A A.3 SLC 96 Format (SLC) Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface A.3 SLC 96 Format (SLC) SLC framing mode allows synchronization to the SLC 96 data link pattern. This pattern, which is described in the Bellcore TR-TSY-000008, contains both signaling information and a framing pattern that overwrites the Fs bit of the SF framer pattern (Table A-1). See Table A-3 for SLC-96 Fs bit contents. Table A-3. SLC-96 Fs Bit Contents Frame # Fs Bit Frame # Fs Bit Frame # Fs Bit 2 0 26 C2 50 0 4 0 28 C3 52 M1 6 1 30 C4 54 M2 8 1 32 C5 56 M3 10 1 34 C6 58 A1 12 0 36 C7 60 A2 14 0 38 C8 62 S1 16 0 40 C9 64 S2 18 1 42 C10 66 S3 20 1 44 C11 68 S4 22 1 46 0 70 1 24 C1 48 1 72 0 Note: 1. The SLC-96 frame format is similar to that of SF as shown in Table A-1 with the exceptions shown in this table. 2. C1 to C11 are concentrator field bits. 3. M1 to M3 are maintenance field bits. 4. A1 and A2 are alarm field bits. 5. S1 to S4 are line switch field bits. 6. The Fs bits in frames 46, 48, and 70 are spoiler bits which are used to protect against false multiframing. A-4 Conexant N8370DSE Bt8370/8375/8376 Appendix A A.4 Extended Superframe Format (ESF) Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface A.4 Extended Superframe Format (ESF) In Extended Superframe Format (ESF) Figure A-2, and Table A-4, the multiframe structure is extended to 24 frames. The channel structure is identical to D4 (SF) format. Robbed-bit signaling is accommodated in frame 6 (A-bit), frame 12 (B-bit), frame 18 (C-bit), and frame 24 (D-bit). The F-bit pattern of ESF contains three functions: 1. Framing Pattern Sequence (FPS), which defines the frame and multiframe boundaries. 2. Facility Data Link (FDL), which allows data such as error performance to be passed within the T1 link. 3. Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC), which allows error performance to be monitored and enhances the reliability of the receiver's framing algorithm. Figure A-2. T1 Extended Superframe PCM Format Signalling Information D C B 8 Bits per Channel 1 CRC FDL FPS CH or 1 Fs FR 1 N8370DSE 2 CH 2 FR 2 3 A 4 5 6 7 8 CH 13 FR 13 Conexant FR 23 Bit 8 During: Frame 24 Frame 18 Frame 12 Frame 6 CH 24 24 Channels per Frame Frame = 193 Bits FR 24 Multiframe ESF = 24 Frames A-5 Bt8370/8375/8376 Appendix A A.4 Extended Superframe Format (ESF) Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface Table A-4. Extended Superframe Format Bit Use in Each Time Slot F-Bits Frame # Bit # Signaling Channel FPS DL CRC Traffic Signal 16 4 2 1 0 — m — 1–8 — — — — 2 193 — — C1 1–8 — — — — 3 386 — m — 1–8 — — — — 4 579 0 — — 1–8 — — — — 5 772 — m — 1–8 — — — — 6 965 — — C2 1–7 8 A A A 7 1158 — m — 1–8 — — — — 8 1351 0 — — 1–8 — — — — 9 1544 — m — 1–8 — — — — 10 1737 — — C3 1–8 — — — — 11 1930 — m — 1–8 — — — — 12 2123 1 — — 1–7 8 B B A 13 2316 — m — 1–8 — — — — 14 2509 — — C4 1–8 — — — — 15 2702 — m — 1–8 — — — — 16 2895 0 — — 1–8 — — — — 17 3088 — m — 1–8 — — — — 18 3281 — — C5 1–7 8 C A A 19 3474 — m — 1–8 — — — — 20 3667 1 — — 1–8 — — — — 21 3860 — m — 1–8 — — — — 22 4053 — — C6 1–8 — — — — 23 4246 m — 1–8 — — — — 24 4439 — — 1–7 8 D B A 1 Note: 1. FPS indicates the Framing Pattern Sequence (...001011...). 2. DL indicates the 4 kbps Data Link with message bits m. 3. CRC indicates the cyclic redundancy check with bits C1 to C6. 4. Signaling options include 16-state, 4-state, and 2-state. A-6 Conexant N8370DSE Bt8370/8375/8376 Appendix A A.4 Extended Superframe Format (ESF) Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface Table A-5 provides the performance report message structure. Table A-5. Performance Report Message Structure Octet No. LSB MSB 1 FLAG 2 SAPI 3 C/R TEI 4 EA EA CONTROL 5 G3 LV G4 U1 U2 G5 SL G6 6 FE SE LB G1 R G2 Nm NI 7 G3 LV G4 U1 U2 G5 SL G6 8 FE SE LB G1 R G2 Nm NI 9 G3 LV G4 U1 U2 G5 SL G6 10 FE SE LB G1 R G2 Nm NI 11 G3 LV G4 U1 U2 G5 SL G6 12 FE SE LB G1 R G2 Nm NI 13 FCS (Most Significant Byte) 14 FCS (Least Significant Byte) Note: 1. The 1-second report consists of octets 5–12. 2. R, U1, and U2 are reserved for future standardization and should be set to 0. N8370DSE Conexant A-7 Bt8370/8375/8376 Appendix A A.5 E1 Frame Format Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface A.5 E1 Frame Format Figure A-3 illustrates E1 format. Figure A-3. E1 Format Time Slot 0 Time Slot 16 a. Even Frames (0, 2, 4–14) I 0 0 1 1 0 1 Time Slots 1–15, 17–31 a. Frame 0 1 0 FAS 0 0 0 X Y X X MAS Channel Data b. Odd Frames (1, 3, 5–15) 8 Bits/ Time Slot I 1 A N N N N N 32 Time Slots/Frame 16 Frames/Multiframe A-8 b. Frames 1–15 A B C D A B C D 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 TS TS TS TS TS TS TS TS TS TS TS TS TS TS TS TS TS TS TS TS TS TS TS TS TS TS TS TS TS TS TS TS 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 FR 0 FR 1 FR 2 FR 3 FR 4 FR 5 FR 6 FR 7 Conexant FR 8 FR 9 FR 10 FR 11 FR 12 FR 13 FR 14 FR 15 N8370DSE Bt8370/8375/8376 Appendix A A.5 E1 Frame Format Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface Tables A-6 and A-7 define the frame format time slot 0-bit allocations for ITU-T CEPT and IRSM CEPT, respectively. Table A-6. ITU–T CEPT Frame Format Time Slot 0-Bit Allocations SMF I II Frame # Time Slot 0 Bits 1 to 8 of Each Frame 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 0 C1/Si 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 0/Si 1 A SA4 SA5 SA6 SA7 SA8 2 C2/Si 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 3 0/Si 1 A SA4 SA5 SA6 SA7 SA8 4 C3/Si 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 5 1/Si 1 A SA4 SA5 SA6 SA7 SA8 6 C4/Si 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 7 0/Si 1 A SA4 SA5 SA6 SA7 SA8 8 C1/Si 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 9 1/Si 1 A SA4 SA5 SA6 SA7 SA8 10 C2/Si 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 11 1/Si 1 A SA4 SA5 SA6 SA7 SA8 12 C3/Si 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 13 E/Si 1 A SA4 SA5 SA6 SA7 SA8 14 C4/Si 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 15 E/Si 1 A SA4 SA5 SA6 SA7 SA8 Note: 1. SMF indicates the sub-multiframe. This partitioning is used in the CRC-4 calculation. 2. Si bits are International Spare Bits. 3. A bit is used to indicate a remote alarm condition (active-high). 4. SA4 to SA8 are spare bits that may be recommended by ITU–T for use in specific point-to-point applications (e.g., transcoder equipment conforming to Recommendation G.761). 5. SA4 to SA8 where these are not used should be set to 1 on links crossing an international border. 6. E bit is used to indicate a CRC-4 error. The normal state is both bits set to 1, when a CRC-4 error is detected one of the E bits is set to 0. 7. C1 to C4 bits are used to carry the CRC-4 code. 8. Time slot 0 that contains the 0011011 sequence is defined as the FAS word and Time Slot 0 that does not contain the FAS is the Not-Word. N8370DSE Conexant A-9 Bt8370/8375/8376 Appendix A A.6 IRSM CEPT Frame Format Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface A.6 IRSM CEPT Frame Format Table A-7. IRSM CEPT Frame Format Time Slot 0-Bit Allocations SMF I II Frame # Time Slot 0 Bits 1 to 8 of Each Frame 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 0 C1/Si 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 0/Si 1 A D E0 E1 E16 E17 2 C2/Si 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 3 0/Si 1 A D E2 E3 E18 E19 4 C3/Si 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 5 1/Si 1 A D E4 E5 E20 E21 6 C4/Si 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 7 0/Si 1 A D E6 E7 E22 E23 8 C1/Si 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 9 1/Si 1 A D E8 E9 E24 E25 10 C2/Si 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 11 1/Si 1 A D E10 E11 E26 E27 12 C3/Si 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 13 E/Si 1 A D E12 E13 E28 E29 14 C4/Si 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 15 E/Si 1 A D E14 E15 E30 E31 Note: 1. SMF indicates the sub-multiframe. This partitioning is used in the CRC-4 calculation. 2. Si bits are International Spare Bits. 3. A bit is used to indicate a remote alarm condition (active-high). 4. Ei are per channel control bits. 5. E-bit is used to indicate a CRC-4 error. The normal state is both bits set to 1, when a CRC-4 error is detected, one of the E bits is set to 0. 6. C1 to C4 bits are used to carry the CRC-4 code. 7. Time slot 0 that contains the 0011011 sequence is defined as the FAS word and time slot 0 that does not contain the FAS is the Not-Word. 8. D-bits are a 4 kbps data link. 9. Bit 2 of the Not-Word is defined as the alternate framing bit. A-10 Conexant N8370DSE Bt8370/8375/8376 Appendix A A.6 IRSM CEPT Frame Format Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface Table A-8 defines the frame format time slot 16-bit allocations for ITU-T CEPT and IRSM CEPT. Table A-8. CEPT (ITU–T and IRSM) Frame Format Time Slot 16-Bit Allocations SMF I II Frame # Time Slot 16 Bits 1 to 8 of Each Frame 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 0 0 0 0 0 X0 Y X1 X2 1 A1 B1 C1 D1 A17 B17 C17 D17 2 A2 B2 C2 D2 A18 B18 C18 D18 3 A3 B3 C3 D3 A19 B19 C19 D19 4 A4 B4 C4 D4 A20 B20 C20 D20 5 A5 B5 C5 D5 A21 B21 C21 D21 6 A6 B6 C6 D6 A22 B22 C22 D22 7 A7 B7 C7 D7 A23 B23 C23 D23 8 A8 B8 C8 D8 A24 B24 C24 D24 9 A9 B9 C9 D9 A25 B25 C25 D25 10 A10 B10 C10 D10 A26 B26 C26 D26 11 A11 B11 C11 D11 A27 B27 C27 D27 12 A12 B12 C12 D12 A28 B28 C28 D28 13 A13 B13 C13 D13 A29 B29 C29 D29 14 A14 B14 C14 D14 A30 B30 C30 D30 15 A15 B15 C15 D15 A31 B31 C31 D31 Note: 1. SMF indicates the sub-multiframe. 2. Ai–Di are the per channel signaling bits. 3. X0–X2 are the X spare bits normally set to 1. 4. Y is the Remote Multiframe Yellow Alarm Indication bit. When Y is set to a 1, this indicates that the alarm is active. 5. The Multiframe Alignment Sequence (MAS) is defined as the time slot 16 word that contains the 0000XYXX sequence. N8370DSE Conexant A-11 Bt8370/8375/8376 Appendix A A.6 IRSM CEPT Frame Format A-12 Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface Conexant N8370DSE B Appendix B B.1 Applicable Standards Table B-1. Applicable Standards (1 of 3) Standard Title ANSI T1.101-1987 Digital Hierarchy—Timing Synchronization T1.102-1993 Digital Hierarchy—Electrical Interfaces T1.107-1991 (Newer Draft Standard T1X1.4/93-002R3) Digital Hierarchy—Formats Specification T1.403-1995 Network to Customer Installation—DS1 Metallic Interface T1.408-1990 ISDN Primary Rate—Customer Installation Metallic Interfaces T1.231-1993 Layer 1 In-Service Digital Transmission Performance Monitoring AT&T TR 41449-1986 ISDN Primary Rate Interface Specification TR 43801(A)-1985 Digital Channel Bank—Requirements and Objectives TR 54016-1989 Rqts. for Interfacing DTE to Services Employing Extended Superframe Format TR 62411-1990 Accunet T1.5 Service Description and Interface Specification Bellcore TR-TSY-000008 Issue 2, 1987 Digital Interface Between the SLC 96 Digital Loop Carrier System and a Local Digital Switch TR-TSY-000009 Issue 1, 1986 Asynchronous Digital Multiplexer Requirements and Objectives TR-NPL-000054 Issue 1, 1989 High-Capacity Digital Service (HCDS) Interface Generic Requirements TR-NWT-000057 Issue 2, 1993 Functional Criteria for Digital Loop Carrier Systems TA-TSY-000147 Issue 1, 1987 DS1 Rate Digital Service Monitoring Unit TR-TSY-000170 Issue 2, 1993 Digital Cross-Connect System (DCS) Requirements and Objectives TR-TSY-000191 Issue 1, 1986 Alarm Indication Signal (AIS) Requirements and Objectives N8370DSE Conexant B-1 Bt8370/8375/8376 Appendix B B.1 Applicable Standards Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface Table B-1. Applicable Standards (2 of 3) Standard Title TR-TSY-000194 Issue 1, 1987 The Extended Superframe Format Interface TA-TSY-000278 Issue 1, 1985 Digital Data System (DDS)—T1 Digital Multiplexer (T1DM) Requirements TR-TSY-000303 Issue 2, 1992 Integrated Digital Loop Carrier (IDLC) System Generic Requirements TR-TSY-000312 Issue 1, 1988 Functional Criteria for the DS1 Interface Connector TR-NPL-000320 Issue 1, 1988 Fundamental Generic Requirements for Metallic Digital Signal Cross-connect Systems TA-TSY-000435 Issue 1, 1987 DS1 Automatic Facility Protection Switching (AFPS) Rqts. and Objectives TR-NWT-000499 Issue 5, 1993 Transport Systems Generic Requirements TR-TSY-000510 Issue 2, 1987 LSSGR: System Interfaces, Section 10 TR-NWT-000773 Issue 1, 1991 Local Access System Requirements, Objectives and Interfaces for SMDS TR-TSY-000776 Issue 2, 1993 Network Interface Description for ISDN Customer Access GR-820-CORE Issue 1, 1994 (replaced TR-NWT-000820) Generic Digital Transmission Surveillance TA-NWT-000821 Issue 1, 1991 (replaced TR-TSY-000821) Additional Transport and Transport-Based Surveillance Generic Rqts. SR-TSY-000977 Issue 1, 1988 ISDN Primary Rate Access Maintenance TR-NWT-001219 Issue 1, 1992 (Rev 1, 1993) ISDN Primary Rate Access Testing Requirements SR-NWT-002343 Issue 1, 1993 ISDN Primary Rate Interface Guidelines for Customer Premises Equipment ETSI ETS 300 011 (4/92) ISDN Primary Rate User-Network Interface Specification and Test Principles ETS 300 233 Access Digital Section for ISDN Primary Rate ITU-T Recommendation G.703 (1991) Physical/Electrical Characteristics of Hierarchical Digital Interfaces Recommendation G.704 (1991) Synchronous Frame Structures used at Primary Hierarchical Levels Recommendation G.706 (1991) Frame Alignment and CRC Procedures Relating to G.704 Frame Structures Recommendation G.732 Characteristics of Primary PCM Multiplex Equipment at 2048 kbps Recommendation G.733 Characteristics of Primary PCM Multiplex Equipment at 1544 kbps Recommendation G.734 Characteristics of Synchronous Digital Multiplex Equipment at 1544 kbps Recommendation G.735 Characteristics of Primary PCM Multiplex Equipment at 2048 kbps; offering Synchronous Digital Access at 384 kbps and/or 64 kbps Recommendation G.736 Characteristics of Synchronous Digital Multiplex Equipment at 2048 kbps Recommendation G.737 Characteristics of External Access Equipment at 2048 kbps; offering Synchronous Digital Access at 384 kbps and/or 64 kbps Recommendation G.738 Characteristics of Primary PCM Multiplex Equipment at 2048 kbps; offering Synchronous Digital Access at 320 kbps and/or 64 kbps Recommendation G.739 Recommendation G.761 Characteristics of External Access Equipment at 2048 kbps; Offering Synchronous Digital Access at 320 kbps and/or 64 kbps B-2 Conexant N8370DSE Bt8370/8375/8376 Appendix B B.1 Applicable Standards Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface Table B-1. Applicable Standards (3 of 3) Standard Title Draft Recommendation G.775 Loss of Signal (LOS) and Alarm Indication Signal (AIS) Defect Detection Recommendation G.796 Characteristics of 64 kbps Cross-Connect Equipment with 2048 kbps Access Ports Recommendation G.802 (1988) Interworking between Networks based on Different Digital Hierarchies Recommendation G.821 Error Performance Monitoring on International Connections Recommendation G.823 (3/93) Control of Jitter and Wander in Digital Networks based on 2048 kbps Recommendation G.824 (3/93) Control of Jitter and Wander in Digital Networks based on 1544 kbps Recommendation G.921 Digital Sections based on 2048 kbps Hierarchy Recommendation G.962 (3/93) Access Digital Section for ISDN Primary Rate at 2048 kbps Recommendation G.963 (3/93) Access Digital Section for ISDN Primary Rate at 1544 kbps Recommendation I.411 ISDN User-Network Interfaces—References Configurations Recommendation I.412 ISDN User-Network Interfaces—Structures and Access Capabilities Recommendation I.421 Primary Rate User-Network Interface Recommendation I.431 Primary Rate User-Network Interface—Layer 1 Specification Recommendation K.10 Unbalance about Earth of Telecommunication Installations Recommendation K.20 Resistibility of Switching Equipment to Overvoltages and Overcurrents Recommendation M.3604 Application of Maintenance Principles to ISDN Primary Rate Access Recommendation O.150 Digital Test Patterns for Performance Measurements Recommendation O.151 Error Performance Measuring Equipment Operating at Primary Rate and Above Recommendation O.152 Error Performance Measuring Equipment for Bit Rates of 64 kbit/s and NX 64 kbit/s Recommendation O.162 (10/92) Equipment to Perform In-Service Monitoring on 2048 kbps Signals Recommendation Q.921 ISDN User-Network Interface - Data Link Layer Specification IEEE Std 1149.1a-1993 IEEE Standard Test Access Port and Boundary Scan Architecture (JTAG) Natural Microsystems Corporation, Release 1.0, March 1993 Multi-Vendor Integration Protocol (MVIP) Reference Manual FCC Part 68.302 (d) Environment Simulation metallic voltage surge FCC Part 68.308 Signal Power Limitations N8370DSE Conexant B-3 Bt8370/8375/8376 Appendix B B.1 Applicable Standards B-4 Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface Conexant N8370DSE C Appendix C C.1 System Bus Compatibility C.1.1 AT&T Concentration Highway Interface (CHI) DX = RPCMO • output on rising or falling edge of clock • output on every CLKXR or CLKXR/2 • Tri-stated during inactive time slots DR = TPCMI • sampled on rising or falling edge of clock • sampled on every CLKXR or CLKXR/2 (see X2CLK mode) FS = TFSYNC • sampled on rising or falling edge of clock (FE select) • rising edge determines frame start • 8 kHz rate TSC* = RINDO • Optional CHI pin is driven low during active DX time slots CLKXR = TSBCLKI = RSBCLKI • N x 64 kHz rates, where N=4,8,16,32,48, or 64 N8370DSE Conexant C-1 Bt8370/8375/8376 Appendix C C.1 System Bus Compatibility Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface C.1.2 CHI Programming Options CMS = clock mode select 0 = line rate 1 = 2X line rate XEN = transmitter enable 0 = disable (DX tri-stated) 1 = enable (DX driven during active time slots) FE = frame edge select 0 = falling edge 1 = rising edge XCE = CLKXR output edge select for DX 0 = falling edge 1 = rising edge RCE = CLKXR input edge select for DR 0 = falling edge 1 = rising edge XBOFF = 3-bit transmit output bit offset 000-1111= CLKXR (or 2xCLKXR) delay from FS to DX bit0 RBOFF = 3-bit receive input bit offset 000-111 = CLKXR (or 2xCLKXR) delay from FS to DR bit0 XTS = 6-bit transmit output TS offset 00-3F = CLKXR (or 2xCLKXR) TS delay from FS to DX bit0 RTS = 6-bit receive input TS offset 00-3F = CLKXR (or 2xCLKXR) TS delay from FS to DR bit0 Bt8370 only supports CHI and GCI buses if N = 24, 32 or 48, although either bus is defined to operate at Nx64 from N = 4 to N = 48. Bt8370 does not support AT&T's Dual CHI (separate A/B buses) or K2 buses, nor does it support INTEL's SLD (ping/pong) 3-pin bus. C-2 Conexant N8370DSE D Appendix D D.1 Notation and Acronyms D.1.1 Arithmetic Notation Time slot bit numbering associated with time slots in the primary rate channel are numbered 1 to 8, where bit number 1 is transmitted first and is specified as the MSB. Configuration and Status Word Bit Numbering associated with configuration or status words are numbered 7 to 0, where bit number 7 is specified as the MSB, and bit number 0 is specified as the LSB. N8370DSE Conexant D-1 Bt8370/8375/8376 Appendix D D.2 Acronyms and Abbreviations Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface D.2 Acronyms and Abbreviations D-2 ADC AFPS AGC AIS ALBO ALOS AMI ANSI Analog to Digital Converter Automatic Facility Protection Switching Automatic Gain Control Alarm Indication Signal Automatic Line Build Out Analog Loss of Signal Alternate Mark Inversion American National Standards Institute B8ZS BER BERR BFA BOP BPV BSDL Binary with 8 Zero Substitution Bit Error Rate Bit Error Counter Basic Frame Alignment Bit-Oriented Protocol Bipolar Violation Boundary Scan Description Language CAS ITU–T CCS CERR CGA CI CLAD CMOS COFA CRC CSU Channel Associated Signaling International Telegraph and Telephone Consultative Committee Common Channel Signaling CRC Errors Carrier Group Alarm Customer Installation Clock Rate Adapter Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor Change of Frame Alignment Cyclic Redundancy Check Channel Service Unit DAC DCS DDS DMI DPLL DPM DS1 DSU Digital to Analog Converter Digital Cross-Connect System Digital Data System Digital Multiplexed Interface Digital Phase Locked Loop Driver Performance Monitor Digital Signal Level 1 Data Service Unit ESF EXZ Extended Superframe Excessive Zeros FAS FCC FCS FDL FEBE FERR FPS Frame Alignment Sequence (E1 Format) Federal Communications Committee Frame Check Sequence Facility Data Link Far End Block Error Framing Bit Error Frame Pattern Sequence (ESF Format) Conexant N8370DSE Bt8370/8375/8376 Appendix D D.2 Acronyms and Abbreviations Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface N8370DSE HCDS HDB3 High-Capacity Digital Service High-Density Bipolar of Order 3 ICOT IDLC ISDN Intercity and Outstate Trunk Integrated Digital Loop Carrier Integrated Service Digital Network JAT JCLK JTAG Jitter Attenuator Jitter Attenuated Clock Joint Test Action Group LBO LCV LEC LIU LOAS LOF LOS LSB Line Build Out Line Code Violation Local Exchange Carrier Line Interface Unit Loss of Analog Signal Loss of Frame Loss of Signal –DS1 Least Significant Bit MAIS MART MAS MAT MERR MFAS MOP MOS MPU MQFP MSB MVIP MYEL Multiframe AIS Maximum Average Reframe Time Multiframe Alignment Sequence (CAS Format) Metropolitan Area Trunk MFAS Error Multiframe Alignment Sequence (CRC4 format) Message-Oriented Protocol Message Oriented Signaling Microprocessor Interface Metric Quad Flat Pack Most Significant Bit Multi-Vendor Integration Protocol Multiframe Yellow Alarm NCO NI NRZ Numerical Controlled Oscillator Network Interface Non-Return to Zero OOF Out of Frame PDV PIC PLCC PLL PM PQFP PRBS PRI PRM Pulse Density Violation Polyethylene-insulated Cable Plastic Leaded Chip Carrier Phase Locked Loop Performance Monitoring Plastic Quad Flat Pack Pseudo-Random Bit Sequence Primary Rate Interface Performance Report Message RAI RBOP RBS RCVR Remote Alarm Indication Bit-Oriented Protocol Detector Robbed Bit Signaling Receiver Conexant D-3 Bt8370/8375/8376 Appendix D D.2 Acronyms and Abbreviations D-4 Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface RDL1 RDL2 RDL3 RFRAME RJAT RLIU RMAIS RPDV RPLL RSB RSBI RSIG RSLIP RXCLK RZCS Receive Data Link 1 Receive Data Link 2 External Receive Data Link Receive Framer Receive Jitter Attenuator Receive Line Interface Unit Receive Multiframe AIS Receive Pulse Density Violation Receive Phase Locked Loop Receive System Bus Receive System Bus Interface Receive Signaling Buffer Receive Slip Buffer Receive Clock AMI/HDB3/B8ZS Line Decoder QRSS Quasi-Random Signal Source SEF SERR SF SLC Severely Errored Framing Event CAS Error Super Frame Subscriber Loop Carrier TAP TBOP TDL1 TDL2 TDL3 TDM TSB TSBI TJAT TLIU TLOS TSB TSIC TSIG TSLIP TZCS Test Access Port Bit Oriented Protocol Formatter Transmit Data Link 1 Transmit Data Link 2 External Transmit Data Link Time Division Multiplexed Transmit System Bus Transmit System Bus Interface Transmit Jitter Attenuator Transmit Line Interface Unit Transmit Loss of Signal Transmit System Bus Time Slot Inter-Change Transmit Signaling Buffer Transmit Slip Buffer AMI/HDB3/B8ZS Line Encoder UI UMC UNICODE UTP Unit Interval Unassigned Mux Code Universal Trunk Out Of Service Code Unshielded Twisted Pair VCO VCXO VGA Voltage Controlled Oscillator Voltage Controlled Crystal Oscillator Variable Gain Amplifier XMTR Digital Transmitter YEL Yellow Alarm ZCS Zero Code Suppression Conexant N8370DSE Bt8370/8375/8376 Appendix D D.2 Acronyms and Abbreviations Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface D.2.1 Revision History Rev A Initial Release B Technical Corrections C Technical Corrections D Technical Corrections (added changes for Bt8375 and Bt8376) N8370DSE Conexant D-5 Bt8370/8375/8376 Appendix D D.2 Acronyms and Abbreviations D-6 Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface Conexant N8370DSE 0.0 Sales Offices Further Information [email protected] 1-800-854-8099 (North America) 33-14-906-3980 (International) Web Site www.conexant.com World Headquarters Conexant Systems, Inc. 4311 Jamboree Road P. 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