Intersil EL4581 Sync separator, 50% slice, s-h, filter Datasheet

EL4581
®
Data Sheet
February 8, 2008
FN7172.1
Sync Separator, 50% Slice, S-H, Filter
Features
The EL4581 extracts timing
information from standard negative
going video sync found in NTSC, PAL
and SECAM broadcast systems. It can also be used in non
standard formats and with computer graphics systems at
higher scan rates, by adjusting a single external resistor.
When the input does not have correct serration pulses in the
vertical interval, a default vertical output is produced.
• NTSC, PAL and SECAM sync separation
Outputs are composite sync, vertical sync, burst/back porch
output, and odd/even output. The later operates only in
interlaced scan formats.
• Low power
The EL4581 provides a reliable method of determining
correct sync slide level by setting it to the mid-point between
sync tip and blanking level at the back porch. This 50% level
is determined by two internal self timing sample and hold
circuits that track sync tip and back porch levels. This also
provides a degree of hum and noise rejection to the input
signal, and compensates for varying input levels of 0.5VP-P
to 2.0VP-P.
A built in linear phase, third order, low pass filter attenuates
the chroma signal in color systems to prevent incorrectly set
color burst from disturbing the 50% sync slide.
• Single supply, +5V
• Precision 50% slicing, internal caps
• Built-in color burst filter
• Decodes non-standard verticals
• Pin compatible with LM1881
• Typically 1.5mA supply current
• Resistor programmable scan rate
• Few external components
• Available in 8 Ld PDIP and SOIC packages
• Pb-free available (RoHS compliant)
Applications
• Video special effects
• Video test equipment
• Video distribution
• Displays
This device may be used to replace the industry standard
LM1881, offering improved performance and reduced power
consumption.
The EL4581 video sync separator is manufactured using
Elantec’s high performance analog CMOS process.
• Imaging
• Video data capture
• Video triggers
Ordering Information
Pinout
PART
NUMBER
EL4581
(8 LD SOIC, PDIP)
TOP VIEW
COMPOSITE
SYNC OUT
COMPOSITE
VIDEO IN
VERTICAL
SYNC OUT
GND
1
8
VDD 5V
2
7
ODD/EVEN OUTPUT
3
6
RSET
5
BURST/BACK
PORCH OUTPUT
4
PART
MARKING
TEMP. RANGE
PACKAGE
PKG.
DWG. #
EL4581CN
EL4581CN
-40°C to +85°C 8 Ld PDIP
MDP0031
EL4581CS*
4581CS
-40°C to +85°C 8 Ld SOIC
MDP0027
-40°C to +85°C 8 Ld SOIC
(Pb-free)
MDP0027
EL4581CSZ* 4581CSZ
(Note)
*Add “-T7” or “-T13” suffix for tape and reel. Please refer to TB347 for
details on reel specifications.
NOTE: These Intersil Pb-free plastic packaged products employ special
Pb-free material sets; molding compounds/die attach materials and 100%
matte tin plate PLUS ANNEAL - e3 termination finish, which is RoHS
compliant and compatible with both SnPb and Pb-free soldering
operations. Intersil Pb-free products are MSL classified at Pb-free peak
reflow temperatures that meet or exceed the Pb-free requirements of
IPC/JEDEC J STD-020.
Demo Board
A dedicated demo board is not available. However, this
device can be placed on the EL4584/5 Demo Board.
1
CAUTION: These devices are sensitive to electrostatic discharge; follow proper IC Handling Procedures.
1-888-INTERSIL or 1-888-468-3774 | Intersil (and design) is a registered trademark of Intersil Americas Inc.
Copyright © Intersil Americas Inc. 2003, 2008. All Rights Reserved. Elantec is a registered trademark of Elantec Semiconductor, Inc.
All other trademarks mentioned are the property of their respective owners. Manufactured under U.S. Patent 5,528,303. Manufactured under License, U.S. Patents 5,486,869; 5,754,250.
EL4581
Absolute Maximum Ratings (TA = +25°C)
Thermal Information
VCC Supply . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7V
Storage Temperature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .-65°C to +150°C
Pin Voltages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -0.5V to VCC +0.5V
Maximum Power Dissipation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . See Curves
Maximum Junction Temperature. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . +150°C
Pb-free reflow profile . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .see link below
http://www.intersil.com/pbfree/Pb-FreeReflow.asp
Operating Conditions
Operating Temperature Range . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .-40°C to +85°C
CAUTION: Do not operate at or near the maximum ratings listed for extended periods of time. Exposure to such conditions may adversely impact product reliability and
result in failures not covered by warranty.
IMPORTANT NOTE: All parameters having Min/Max specifications are guaranteed. Typical values are for information purposes only. Unless otherwise noted, all tests
are at the specified temperature and are pulsed tests, therefore: TJ = TC = TA
DC Electrical Specifications
Unless otherwise stated, VDD = 5V, TA = +25°C, RSET = 680kΩ.
PARAMETER
DESCRIPTION
TEMP (°C)
MIN
(Note 7)
TYP
MAX
(Note 7)
UNIT
IDD
VDD = 5V (Note 1)
+25
0.75
1.7
3
mA
Clamp Voltage
Pin 2, Unloaded
+25
1.3
1.5
1.9
V
Discharge Current
Pin 2 = 2V
+25
6
10
20
µA
Clamp Charge Current
Pin 2, VIN = 1V
+25
2
3
Ref Voltage
Pin 6, VDD = 5V (Note 2)
+25
1.5
1.8
VOL Output Low Voltage
IOL = 1.6mA
+25
VOH Output High Voltage
IOH = -40µA
+25
4
V
IOH = -1.6mA
+25
2.4
V
mA
2.1
V
800
mV
NOTES:
1. No video signal, outputs unloaded.
2. Tested for VDD 5V ±5%.
Dynamic Specifications
VDD = 5V, IVP-P video, TA = +25°C, CL = 15pF, IOH = -1.6mA, IOL = 1.6mA. Signal voltages are peak to peak.
PARAMETER
DESCRIPTION
TEMP (°C)
MIN
(Note 7)
TYP
MAX
(Note 7)
UNIT
Vertical Sync Width, tVS
(Note 3)
+25
190
230
300
µs
Burst/Back Porch Width, tB
(Note 3)
+25
2.5
3.5
4.5
µs
+25
40
55
70
µs
Vertical Sync Default Delay tVSD
Filter Attenuation
FIN = 3.4MHz (Note 4)
+25
24
Composite Sync Prop Delay
VIN- Composite Sync (Note 3)
+25
260
Input Dynamic Range
Peak-to-Peak NTSC Signal (Note 5)
+25
0.5
Slice Level
Input Voltage = 1VP-P
+25
40
(Note 6)
Full
40
dB
400
ns
2
V
50
60
%
50
60
%
NOTES:
3. C/S, Vertical and Burst outputs are all active low (VOH = 2.4V, VOL = 0.8V).
4. Attenuation is a function of RSET (PIN 6).
5. Typical min is 0.3VP-P.
6. Refers to threshold level of sync tip to back porch amplitude.
7. Parts are 100% tested at +25°C. Over-temperature limits established by characterization and are not production tested.
2
FN7172.1
February 8, 2008
EL4581
Pin Descriptions
PIN NUMBER
PIN NAME
FUNCTION
1
Composite Sync Out
Composite sync pulse output. Sync pulses start on a falling edge and end on a rising edge.
2
Composite Video in
AC coupled composite video input. Sync tip must be at the lowest potential (Positive picture phase).
3
Vertical Sync Out
Vertical sync pulse output. The falling edge of Vert Sync is the start of the vertical period.
4
GND
Supply ground.
5
Burst/Back Porch Output
Burst/Back porch output. Low during burst portion of composite video.
6
RSET (Note 8)
An external resistor to ground sets all internal timing. 681k, 1% resistor will provide correct timing
for NTSC signals.
7
Odd/Even Output
Odd/Even field output. Low during odd fields, high during even fields. Transitions occur at start of
Vert Sync pulse.
8
VDD 5V
Positive supply. (5V)
NOTE:
8. RSET must be a 1% resistor.
1000
900
800
700
600
500
400
300
200
100
10
1000
800
RSET (kΩ)
RSET (kΩ)
Typical Performance Curves
400
200
15
20
25
30
35
40
FREQUENCY (kHz)
45
0
50
FIGURE 1. RSET vs HORIZONTAL FREQUENCY
0
1000
1000
800
800
600
400
10
400
0
100
200
300
400
500
0
20
300
250
200
5
35
65
95
125
TEMPERATURE (°C)
FIGURE 5. VERTICAL PULSE WIDTH vs TEMPERATURE
3
60
80
100
FIGURE 4. VERTICAL DEFAULT DELAY, TIME vs RSET
SUPPLY CURRENT (mA)
350
-25
40
DELAY TIME (µs)
FIGURE 3. VERTICAL PULSE WIDTH vs RSET
PULSE WIDTH (µs)
8
600
VERTICAL PULSE WIDTH (µs)
150
-55
4
6
CLAMP TIME (µs)
200
200
0
0
2
FIGURE 2. BACK PORCH CLAMP, ON-TIME vs RSET
RSET (kΩ)
RSET (kΩ)
600
2.0
1.5
1.0
0.5
-55
-25
5
35
65
95
125
TEMPERATURE (°C)
FIGURE 6. SUPPLY CURRENT vs TEMPERATURE
FN7172.1
February 8, 2008
EL4581
PACKAGE POWER DISSIPATION VS
AMBIENT TEMPERATURE
JEDEC JESD51-7 HIGH EFFECTIVE
2.0 THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY TEST BOARD
1.8
1.6 1.471W
1.4
1.2
1.8
POWER DISSIPATION (W)
POWER DISSIPATION (W)
Typical Performance Curves
PDIP8
θJA = 85°C/W
1.0 1.136W
0.8
0.6
SO8
θJA = 110°C/W
0.4
0.2
0
0
25
50
75 85 100
125
AMBIENT TEMPERATURE (°C)
1.6
1.4 1.25W
1.2
1.0
PDIP8
θJA = 100°C/W
781mW
0.8
0.6
SO8
θJA = 160°C/W
0.4
0.2
0
150
FIGURE 7. PACKAGE POWER DISSIPATION vs AMBIENT
TEMPERATURE
PACKAGE POWER DISSIPATION VS
AMBIENT TEMPERATURE
JEDEC JESD51-3 LOW EFFECTIVE
THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY TEST BOARD
0
25
50
75 85 100
125
AMBIENT TEMPERATURE (°C)
150
FIGURE 8. PACKAGE POWER DISSIPATION vs AMBIENT
TEMPERATURE
0
OUTPUT (dB)
-5
-10
-15
-20
-25
-30
-35
100k
1M
2M
4M
10M
FREQUENCY (Hz)
FIGURE 9. INPUT SIGNAL = 300mVP-P, EL4581 FILTER CHARACTERISITIC CONSTANT DELAY 240ns
4
FN7172.1
February 8, 2008
EL4581
Timing Diagrams
SIGNAL 1a. COMPOSITE VIDEO INPUT, FIELD ONE
1.5µs±230µs
FIELD ONE
TIME
+H
)
VERTICAL BLANKING INTERVAL = 20H -0 (1271µs +63.5µs
-0µs
T1
3H
3H
3H
1
H SYNC
INTERVAL
H
2
3
START OF
H
FIELD ONE
PRE-EQUALIZING
PULSE INTERVAL
4
5
6
H
VERTICAL SYNC
PULSE INTERVAL
9 LINE VERTICAL
INTERVAL
7
8
9
0.5H
POST-EQUALIZING
PULSE INTERVAL
10
19
20
21
H
(*SEE NOTE)
REF SUBCARRIER PHASE,
COLOR FIELD ONE
SIGNAL 1b. COMPOSITE SYNC OUTPUT, PIN 1
SIGNAL 1c. VERTICAL SYNC OUTPUT, PIN 3
SIGNAL 1d. ODD-EVEN OUTPUT, PIN 7
SIGNAL 1e. BACK PORCH OUTPUT, PIN 5
SEE FIG 2, 3
SEE FIG 4
NOTES:
9. The composite sync output reproduces all the video input sync pulses, with a propagation delay.
10. Vertical sync leading edge is coincident with the first vertical serration pulse leading edge, with a propagation delay.
11. Odd-even output is low for even field, and high for odd field.
12. Back porch goes low for a fixed pulse width on the trailing edge of video input sync pulses. Note that for serration pulses during vertical, the
back porch starts on the rising edge of the serration pulse (with propagation delay).
FIGURE 10.
5
FN7172.1
February 8, 2008
EL4581
Timing Diagrams
(Continued)
SIGNAL 2a. COMPOSITE VIDEO INPUT
SLICE LEVEL
50%
tCS COMP SYNC
PROP DELAY
SIGNAL 2b. COMPOSITE SYNC OUTPUT
tCS-VS
SIGNAL 2c. VERTICAL SYNC OUTPUT
COMP SYNC
VERT SYNC
DELAY
tCS-OE COMP SYNC
ODD/EVEN
DELAY
SIGNAL 2d. ODD-EVEN OUTPUT
BURST
DELAY
SIGNAL 2e. BURST/BACK PORCH OUTPUT
tBD
tB
BURST
WIDTH
FIGURE 11.
SIGNAL 3a. COMPOSITE VIDEO INPUT
LINES
2
3
4
5
(NO VERTICAL SYNC PULSES)
tVSD
VERT SYNC
DEFAULT DELAY
SIGNAL 3b. VERTICAL SYNC OUTPUT
FIGURE 12.
6
FN7172.1
February 8, 2008
EL4581
WHITE LEVEL
COLOR BURST
40 IRE
VIDEO
100 IRE
INPUT
DYNAMIC
RANGE
0.5V TO 2V
BLACK LEVEL
SYNC LEVEL
VSLICE
BLANKING LEVEL
50%
SYNC
40 IRE
VCLAMP
SYNC TIP
tCS
DEPENDS ON WIDTH OF INPUT SYNC AT 50% POINTS
COMPOSITE SYNC OUTPUT, PIN 1
BACK PORCH OUTPUT, PIN 5
tB
tBD
FIGURE 13. STANDARD (NTSC INPUT) H. SYNC DETAIL
Description of Operation
A simplified block diagram is shown in Figure 14. The
following description is intended to provide the user with
sufficient information to be able to understand the effects
that the external components and signal conditions have on
the outputs of the integrated circuit.
The video signal is AC coupled to pin 2 via the capacitor C1,
nominally 0.1µF. The clamp circuit A1 will prevent the input
signal on pin 2 going any more negative than 1.5V, the value
of reference voltage VR1. Thus the sync tip, the most
negative part of the video waveform, will be clamped at 1.5V.
The current source I1, nominally 10µA, charges the coupling
capacitor during the remaining portion of the H line,
approximately 58µs for a 15.75kHz timebase. From I•t = C•V,
the video time-constant can be calculated. It is important to
note that the charge taken from the capacitor during video
must be replaced during the sync tip time, which is much
shorter, (ratio of x12.5). The corresponding current to restore
the charge during sync will therefore be an order of
magnitude higher, and any resistance in series with C1 will
cause sync tip crushing. For this reason, the internal series
resistance has been minimized and external high resistance
values in series with the input coupling capacitor should be
avoided. The user can exercise some control over the value
of the input time constant by introducing an external pull-up
resistance from pin 2 to the 5V supply. The maximum
voltage across the resistance will be VDD less 1.5V, for black
7
level. For a net discharge current greater than zero, the
resistance should be greater than 450k. This will have the
effect of increasing the time constant and reducing the
degree of picture tilt. The current source I1 directly tracks
reference current ITR and thus increases with scan rate
adjustment, as explained later.
The signal is processed through an active 3-pole filter (F1)
designed for minimum ripple with constant phase delay. The
filter attenuates the color burst by 24dB and eliminates fast
transient spikes without sync crushing. An external filter is
not necessary. The filter also amplifies the video signal by
6dB to improve the detection accuracy. Note that the filter
cut-off frequency is a function of RSET through IOT and is
proportional to IOT.
Internal reference voltages (block VREF) with high immunity
to supply voltage variation are derived on the chip.
Reference VR4 with op amp A2 forces pin 6 to a reference
voltage of 1.7V nominal. Consequently, it can be seen that
the external resistance RSET will determine the value of the
reference current ITR. The internal resistance R3 is only
about 6kΩ, much less than RSET. All the internal timing
functions on the chip are referenced to ITR and have
excellent supply voltage rejection.
Comparator C2 on the input to the sample and hold block
(S/H) compares the leading and trailing edges of the sync
pulse with a threshold voltage VR2, which is referenced at a
FN7172.1
February 8, 2008
EL4581
The internal timing circuits are referenced to IOT and VR3,
the time-out period being inversely proportional to the timing
current. The vertical output pulse is started on the first
serration pulse in the vertical interval and is then self-timed
out. In the absence of a serration pulse, an internal timer will
default the start of vertical.
fixed level above the clamp voltage VR1. The output of C2
initiates the timing one-shots for gating the sample and hold
circuits. The sample of the sync tip is delayed by 0.8µs to
enable the actual sample of 2µs to be taken on the optimum
section of the sync. pulse tip. The acquisition time of the
circuit is about three horizontal lines. The double poly CMOS
technology enables long time constants to be achieved with
small high quality on-chip capacitors. The back porch
voltage is similarly derived from the trailing edge of sync,
which also serves to cut off the tip sample if the gate time
exceeds the tip period. Note that the sample and hold gating
times will track RSET through IOT.
The back porch is triggered from the sync tip trailing edge
and initiates a one-shot pulse. The period of this pulse is
again a function of IOT and will therefore track the scan rate
set by RSET.
The odd/even circuit (O/E) comprises of flip flops which track
the relationship of the horizontal pulses to the leading edge
of the vertical output, and will switch on every field at the
start of vertical. Pin 7 is high during the odd field.
The 50% level of the sync tip is derived, through the resistor
divider R1 and R2, from the sample and held voltages VTIP
and VBP, and applied to the plus input of comparator C1.
This comparator has built in hysteresis to avoid false
triggering. The output of C2 is a digital 5V signal which feeds
the C/S output buffer B1 and the other internal circuit blocks,
the vertical, back porch and odd/even functions.
Loss of video signal can be detected by monitoring the C/S
output. The 50% level of the previous video signal will
remain held on the S/H capacitors after the input video
signal has gone and the input on pin 2 has defaulted to the
clamp voltage. Consequently, the C/S output will remain low
longer than the normal vertical pulse period. An external
timing circuit could be used to detect this condition.
The vertical circuit senses the C/S edges and initiates an
integrator which is reset by the shorter horizontal sync
pulses but times out the longer vertical sync. pulse widths.
Block Diagram
1
VDD
CS
B1
VR1
ODD/EVEN
OUT
A1
O/E
DETECT
CLAMP
7
B4
3-POLE FILTER
VIDEO IN
2
C1
+
F1
C1
8
VDD
C SYNC OUT
IOT
I1
VBP
VR2
R1
R2
IOT
VTIP
IOT
VERTICAL
OUT
3
C2
S/H
D2
VERTICAL
DETECT
IOT
VR3
VR4
VR1
VR2
VREF
IREF
+
A2
-
ITR
Q1
R3
VR3
RSET
GND
4
RSET
6
BACK
PORCH
DETECT
IOT VR3
*NOTE:
RSET MUST BE A
1% RESISTOR.
5
B3
BURST/BACK
PORCH OUT
FIGURE 14. STANDARD (NTSC INPUT) H. SYNC DETAIL
8
FN7172.1
February 8, 2008
EL4581
Small Outline Package Family (SO)
A
D
h X 45°
(N/2)+1
N
A
PIN #1
I.D. MARK
E1
E
c
SEE DETAIL “X”
1
(N/2)
B
L1
0.010 M C A B
e
H
C
A2
GAUGE
PLANE
SEATING
PLANE
A1
0.004 C
0.010 M C A B
L
b
0.010
4° ±4°
DETAIL X
MDP0027
SMALL OUTLINE PACKAGE FAMILY (SO)
INCHES
SYMBOL
SO-14
SO16 (0.300”)
(SOL-16)
SO20
(SOL-20)
SO24
(SOL-24)
SO28
(SOL-28)
TOLERANCE
NOTES
A
0.068
0.068
0.068
0.104
0.104
0.104
0.104
MAX
-
A1
0.006
0.006
0.006
0.007
0.007
0.007
0.007
±0.003
-
A2
0.057
0.057
0.057
0.092
0.092
0.092
0.092
±0.002
-
b
0.017
0.017
0.017
0.017
0.017
0.017
0.017
±0.003
-
c
0.009
0.009
0.009
0.011
0.011
0.011
0.011
±0.001
-
D
0.193
0.341
0.390
0.406
0.504
0.606
0.704
±0.004
1, 3
E
0.236
0.236
0.236
0.406
0.406
0.406
0.406
±0.008
-
E1
0.154
0.154
0.154
0.295
0.295
0.295
0.295
±0.004
2, 3
e
0.050
0.050
0.050
0.050
0.050
0.050
0.050
Basic
-
L
0.025
0.025
0.025
0.030
0.030
0.030
0.030
±0.009
-
L1
0.041
0.041
0.041
0.056
0.056
0.056
0.056
Basic
-
h
0.013
0.013
0.013
0.020
0.020
0.020
0.020
Reference
-
16
20
24
28
Reference
-
N
SO-8
SO16
(0.150”)
8
14
16
Rev. M 2/07
NOTES:
1. Plastic or metal protrusions of 0.006” maximum per side are not included.
2. Plastic interlead protrusions of 0.010” maximum per side are not included.
3. Dimensions “D” and “E1” are measured at Datum Plane “H”.
4. Dimensioning and tolerancing per ASME Y14.5M-1994
9
FN7172.1
February 8, 2008
EL4581
Plastic Dual-In-Line Packages (PDIP)
E
D
A2
SEATING
PLANE
L
N
A
PIN #1
INDEX
E1
c
e
b
A1
NOTE 5
1
eA
eB
2
N/2
b2
MDP0031
PLASTIC DUAL-IN-LINE PACKAGE
INCHES
SYMBOL
PDIP8
PDIP14
PDIP16
PDIP18
PDIP20
TOLERANCE
A
0.210
0.210
0.210
0.210
0.210
MAX
A1
0.015
0.015
0.015
0.015
0.015
MIN
A2
0.130
0.130
0.130
0.130
0.130
±0.005
b
0.018
0.018
0.018
0.018
0.018
±0.002
b2
0.060
0.060
0.060
0.060
0.060
+0.010/-0.015
c
0.010
0.010
0.010
0.010
0.010
+0.004/-0.002
D
0.375
0.750
0.750
0.890
1.020
±0.010
E
0.310
0.310
0.310
0.310
0.310
+0.015/-0.010
E1
0.250
0.250
0.250
0.250
0.250
±0.005
e
0.100
0.100
0.100
0.100
0.100
Basic
eA
0.300
0.300
0.300
0.300
0.300
Basic
eB
0.345
0.345
0.345
0.345
0.345
±0.025
L
0.125
0.125
0.125
0.125
0.125
±0.010
N
8
14
16
18
20
Reference
NOTES
1
2
Rev. C 2/07
NOTES:
1. Plastic or metal protrusions of 0.010” maximum per side are not included.
2. Plastic interlead protrusions of 0.010” maximum per side are not included.
3. Dimensions E and eA are measured with the leads constrained perpendicular to the seating plane.
4. Dimension eB is measured with the lead tips unconstrained.
5. 8 and 16 lead packages have half end-leads as shown.
All Intersil U.S. products are manufactured, assembled and tested utilizing ISO9000 quality systems.
Intersil Corporation’s quality certifications can be viewed at www.intersil.com/design/quality
Intersil products are sold by description only. Intersil Corporation reserves the right to make changes in circuit design, software and/or specifications at any time without
notice. Accordingly, the reader is cautioned to verify that data sheets are current before placing orders. Information furnished by Intersil is believed to be accurate and
reliable. However, no responsibility is assumed by Intersil or its subsidiaries for its use; nor for any infringements of patents or other rights of third parties which may result
from its use. No license is granted by implication or otherwise under any patent or patent rights of Intersil or its subsidiaries.
For information regarding Intersil Corporation and its products, see www.intersil.com
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FN7172.1
February 8, 2008